tRmaemIlEfebHdUgRKYsar

esñha>>>kMBugsageKhdæan
PaBl¥Úkl¥wn>>>kMBugsagsuPmgÁl
esckþIsux>>>nwgQ¶úyQ¶b;kñúgRKYsarrbs;Gs;elakGñkrhUt 24 ema:g
esovePAenHerobrab;erOgra:vl¥² EdlGs;elakGñkminFøab;dwgB¤mkBImun

mUlniFiGPivDÆn_yuvCnKMrUsIlFm’
 sarlixitrbs;RBHetCKuNRBHraCPavnavisuT§

na»kasTivaRbLgRbNaMgsIlFm’ edIm,IsnþiPaBBiPBelakenAqñaM 2007 enH sUm

ceRmInBrebkçCnRbLgTaMgGs; ¡ BuT§Fm’EdlCaBaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;
CaFm’eqñIm]tþm Casc©Fm’saklEdlmnusSRKb;Catisasn_TaMgGs; GacsikSaeronsUFü nig
ykeTA bdibtþiedIm,I[ekItRbeyaCn_dl;xøÜnÉg nig RKYsar)an eRkABIenH EfmTaMgCYyhucpl
RtCak;RtCMu suxsnþiPaBdl;sgÁm RbeTsCati nig BiPBelak)any:agRbesIr .
kmµviFIRbLgenARKaenH cat;Tukfa CaelIkdMbUgbg¥s;EdlGnuBaØat[mnusSTUeTA
sakl,gcMeNHdwgBuT§Fm’rbs;xøÜnTUTaMgBiPBelak y:agNak¾eday GatµaPaBeCOCak;fa
RbsiinebIebkçCnRbLgTaMgGs;sikSaBinitüy:agp©itp©g;ehIy eXIjfa xøwmsarFm’TaMgGs;enH
manRbeyaCn_Nas; cat;TukCargVan;tbsñgd¾éføføasRmab;ebkçCnRbLgTaMgGs; eTaHbICakar
RbLgenARKaenH rgVan;C½ylaPIEdlRbKl;CUn mantictYck¾eday .
edaysarEtkarRbLgelIkenHCaelIkdMbUg dUecñH GatµaPaBeCOfa ebkçCnTaMgGs;
EdlcUlrYmkñúgkarRbLgelIkenH nwgkøayCasßabnikRbvtþisaRsþGñkRtYs RtaypøÚvksag
snþiPaBBiPBelakkñúgBiPBEpndIrbs;eyIg CabuKÁlsMxan;kñúgkarCYyBaMnaMyk cMeNHdwgEdl
CaGMeBIl¥d¾saklenHeTAkan;shKmGnþrCati nigCaGñkbMPøW RbTIbsnþiPaBénmnusSCatiEdl
rgcaMmkCayUrGEgVg BIeRBaHenHKWCasBaØacab;epþIménBnøWrbs;CIvit \LÚvenH)anekIteLIg
ehIyCaelIkdMbUgkñúgelak .
sUm[ebkçCnTaMgGs; manbItiesamnsSEdl)ancUlrYmsagehtukarN_d¾Gs©arüenH
sRmab;BiPBelak .
CaTIbBa©b; kñúgverakasenH GatµaPaBsUmeqøot»kasGaraFnaRBH)armIFm’rbs;
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as; RBHbec©kBuT§Cam©as; RBHGrhnþTaMgLayTaMgGtIt bc©úb,nñ nig GnaKt
[
]
RBmTaMg)armIFm’rbs;RBHetCKuNmgÁleTBmunIcnÞseraGñkrkeXIjviC¢a Fmµkay nig )armIFm’
rbs;ejam])asikacnÞ mkRbsiT§iBrbvrsYsþI[ebkçCnTaMgGs; CYbRbTHEtesckþIsux nig
esckþIceRmIn smtamkuslectnaEdl)antmál;TukRKb; Rbkar sUm[RbkbedayRTBüsm,tþi
brivarsm,tþi KuNsm,tþi rUbsm,tþi [cUldl; RBHFmµkay nig cak;FøúHcMeBaH kñúgviC¢aFmµkay
)anedaygay ral;PBral;Cati rhUtdl;TIbMputénRBHFm’ehag .

RBHraCPavnavisuT§/
sßabnaKeRmagkarRbLgRbECgsI
bnaKeRmagkarRbLgRbECgsIlFm’edIm,IsnþiPaBBiPBelak

[]
 GarmÖkfa
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;cg¥úlbgðajfa bBaðaTaMgGs;kñúgelakenHekIteLIgecjBI
kielskñúgxøÜnmnusSeyIg .
y:agNamij/ bBaðaRKYsark¾ekIteLIgecjBIkielskñúgxøÜnrbs;mnusSBInak;Edr KW cab;
epþImecjBImnusSBIrnak;EdlenAmankielsRsLaj;Kña seRmccitþrYmrs;CamYyKña CasVamIPriya
suxcitþksagRKYsarCamYyKña .
kalebImnusSBIrnak;minTan;Gs;kielsmkrYmrs;CamYyKña RtUvEtsRmbxøÜn[ RtUvKña
eRBaHesµInwgkarEdlGñkTaMgBIrenaHykcMNucviC¢man nig GviC¢manrbs;xøÜnmkrYmcUlKñakñúgpÞH
EtmYy .
ebIGñkTaMgBIrykcMNucviC¢manmkrYmcUlKña sm<n§PaBk¾rlUnrabTab b:uEnþebIGñkTaMgBIr
ykcMMNucGviC¢manmkrYmcUlKñaeT sm<n§PaBnwgminrlUnrabTabeLIy .
luHtmk GñkTaMgBIrmankUn eTaHb:unµannak;k¾eday tYnaTIfµIeRkABItYnaTIsVamIPriya
k¾bEnßmtYnaTImYyeTot KW tYnaTImatabita .
kUnEdleTIbnwgekIt bgçM[matabitaRtUveFVIkargarF¶n;CagmunedIm,IykR)ak;mk ciBa©wmkUn
kan;EtmankUneRcIn bnÞúkciBa©wmbI)ac;kUnk¾mankan;EteRcIneLIgEdr .
b:uEnþt,itkielsCaemeraKsahavEdlsm¶MenAkñúgcitþrbs;mnusSRKb;KñataMgBIekItmk
sUm,IEtkUnEdleTIbEtekItfµI)anmYyéf¶k¾eday k¾mankielsdk;Cab;enAkñúgxøÜnEdr .
KµanGñkNadwgfaetIkielsmkTMkñúgxøÜn)andUcemþceT b:uEnþvabgáb;xøÜnkñúgcitþrbs;mnusS
eyIgtaMgBIekItmkemøH .
kUnrbs;eyIgsUm,IebIeTIbEtekItmkfµI k¾mankielsenAkñúgxøÜnEdr .
karEdlkUnnwgceRmInv½ymkCamnusSl¥ bµ minl¥ GaRs½yeTAelInisS½yEdlmatabita
pSBVpSay[tamry³karciBa©wmbI)ac;kUn edayman)ayma:t;nImYy² TwkdMNk;nImYy² TwkedaH
mataCa]bkrN_pSBVpSaynisS½yy:agRtwmRtUv .
[]
 ebIciBa©wmkUn)anRtwmRtUvtamviFIsaRsþ kielsk¾RtUvkm©at;ecaleTAedayeRcInnisS½y
l¥² k¾ekIteLIg luHkUnFMeLIg sgÁmk¾minvwkvredaykarrs;enArbs;kUn .
b:uEnþebIciBa©wmkUnxusviFIsaRsþ kielsk¾kBUneRcIneLIg nisS½yminl¥k¾ekIteLIg luHkUnFM
eLIg sgÁmk¾vwkvredaykarrs;enArbs;kUn .
bBaðaRKYsarEdlekIteLIgsBVéf¶enH minmansBaØafanwgcuHfyeLIy mUlehtuénbBaða
RKYsarekItecjBImatabitaciBa©wmkUnedayminecHTb;sáat;kielsrbs;kUn sVamI PriyaEdlrs;enA
CamYyKñaminecHTb;sáat;kielsrbs;KñaeTAvijeTAmk .
karEdlnwgsagRKYsarmYyEdlkk;ekþAeTA)an etagEtmaneKalhat;Bt;lt; dMxøÜnÉg
edIm,Ikm©at; nig Tb;sáat;kiels 3 Rbkar KW
1> Tb;
Tbsá;saá t;tki;kei lskñúgxøÜnmin[pSayemeraKsahav rW nisS½yminl¥eTAqøgGñk déT .
2> naMykcMeNHdwg smtßPaB nigGMeBIl¥EdlxøÜnmanmkpSBVpSaydl; SaydlGñ;Gkñ déT .
3> eRkbCBa¢kykGM ;ykGMeBIl¥EdlGñkdéTman mkhat;
mkhatBt;
;Btlt;
Bt ;ltdM;dM nig bgábegá
lt egáIt nisS½yl¥²
[xøÜnÉg .
esovePAenH)anrYbrYmcMeNHdwg bTBiesaFn_ nig viFIbdibtþisRmab;sagRKYsarkk;ekþA
elImUldæanRKwH 3 RbkarenH manR)akdkñúgRBHBuT§sasna nig dMbUnµanrbs;CIdUnCItarbs;eyIg .
ral;BaküeBcn_kñúgesovePAenH nwg )anCacMENkmYy CYy[RbiymiRtGñkGan)anCYbBnøW
kñúgkarsagRKYsarkk;ekþA fñak;fñm esñha)anyUrGEgVg RKb; RKgpÞHsEm,gedaykareyaK
yl;Kña cak;RKwHRKYsary:agmaMmYn manesckþIRBmRBWs TaMg cMeNHdwg smtßPaB nig GMeBIl¥
GacsagKuNPaBGnuCnCMnan;eRkay[CaBlrdæQøasév nig CaBlrdæl¥rbs;sgÁm)anedIm,I[
GnuCnrbs;eyIg køayCaGñktMNagcMeNHdwg smtßPaB nig GMeBIl¥rbs;matabitaEdlnwgsag
RbeyaCn_ dl;xøÜnÉg nig sgÁmterogeTA .

mUlniFiGPivDÆyuvCnKMrUsIlFmI

[]
bBa¢IerOg TMB½rTI

sallixitrbs;RBHraCPavnavisuTæ ¬3¦
GarmÖbT ¬5¦
PaKTI 1 cak;RKwHksagRKYsar 1
- ebHdUgRKYsar 3
- kareRCamERCgKUCIvit 20
- viFIfñmesñh_[zitefr 43
- RBHkenøagpÞH 49
- GñkmanbuNümkcab;kMeNIt 55
- beRgonkUnkñúgeBaH 63

PaKTI 2 karciBa©wmkUn[CamnusSsøÚtbUt 69
- viFIciBa©wmkUn[køayCaBlrdævagévnigBlrdæl¥ 71
- smøab;kUnedayesckþIRsLaj;>>>«BukmþaycUlédeCIgkUn
enAeBlkUneFVIxus 87
- tYnaTIsMxan; 4 y:ag EdleFVI[«Bukmþay)ankUnl¥ 93
- etIeFVIdUcemþceTIbkUnminxUcxøÜn? 97
- bgðat;kUn[ecHsMéc KWCaeKalFanaGnaKtrbs;vgSRtkUl 103
- ciBa©uwmkUnedayKµanvin½y 107
- bBiRtelak)a:Gñkm:ak;>>>kMu[kUnkøayCakUnTUrTsSn_ 113

[]
 - kUnejonnwg\en§INit 117
- kUnRsIEtgxøÜnEbbsicsIu 121

PaKTI 3 esckþIsamKÁIPaBkñúgRKYsar 126

- viFIbegáItesckþIsamKÁIkñúgRKYsar 128
- eBlkUneQøaHKña «BukmþayKYreFVIy:agNa ? 134
- edaHRsayy:agNaenAeBlpÞHCitxageQøaHKña 140
- Gb;rMkUn[ecHkMdrjatimitþEdlQWF¶n; 146
- eTaHbIkUnGaRkk;bu:nNa matabitak¾enAEtRsLaj; 152

PaKTI 4 karedaHRsaybBaðaG)aymux 158

- kUnejonG)aymux 160
-sVamImanRsI nig ejonRsa 169
- Rtdk;RtsMuedIm,IG)aymux 177
- eTArkRsIlk;xøÜnxusRtg;Na 184
- El,gsIusgminEdleXIjeFV[I nrNamYyman 188
- kUncg;[«BukQb;BisaRsa 193
- «BukEdlkUns¥b; 198

PaKTI 5 beRgonkUn[sÁal;CIvit 202

- )a:>>>mnusSeyIgekItmkeFVIGVI ? 204
- ekµg nigRBHBuT§Cam©as; 210
- eFVIl¥)anl¥Bitb¤? 216
- eFVIl¥dUcemþceTIb)anpll¥? 221
[]
 - viFIeFVITany:ageBjelj 233
- bNþúHkUnecA[ecHrkSasIl 5 CaRbRktI 240
- viFIGFib,aysIl 5 [ekµg² qab;yl; 240
- bNþúHbNþalkUn[RsLaj;smaFi 256
- bYs[matabita)anbuNü 265

PaKTI 6 GvsanénCIvit 275

- KuNtémøénCIvit 277
- vinaTIcugeRkayrbs;«Buk 284
- bUCnIybuKÁlRbcaMRKYsar 290
- kar[BrkUnecA 298
- hVwkhat;esckþIminRbmaTedaykareFVIFutgÁ 313

PaKTI 7 BuT§sasnikEdlBitR)akd 320

- BuT§sasnikCnBitR)akd 322
- vtþerayerov - vtþrugerOg 326
- dMeNaHRsayvibtþiRBHBuT§sasna 336
- RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;CaTidæanuKtiénR)aCJa 346
- sagRBHBuT§rUbRbcaMxøÜn 353

[]
 PaKTI 1

cak;RKwHksagRKYsar

1
2
 CMBUkTI 1 ³ cak;RKwHksagRKYsar

ebHdUgRKYsar

mnusSeyIgRbsinebIebHdUgmineFVIclnaeT s[eXIjfa eyIg

søab;eTAehIyGMBIelakenH y:agNamij RKYsark¾dUcKñaEdr KWfa
ebIebHdUgRKYsarQb;eFVIclnaehIy RKYsark¾søab;eTAEdr eTaHbICa
rs;enAeRkamdMbUlpÞHEtmYyk¾eday . karmanRKYsarEdlkk;ekþA rwgmaM
nigKµanbBaðaeTA)an KWCabMNgR)afñad¾x<g;x<s;bMputsRmab;CIvitRKYsar .
etIGVIeTACaebHdUgsMxan;kñúgkarksagCIvitRKYsar enHKWCacMNuccm,gEdl
KUesñhaKb,IdwgCamunsinmuneBlksagRKYsar .
3
 Gtßn½yteTAenH Casar³sMxan;dl;RKb;RKYsarTaMgGs; GñkNanwgerobkar man
kUn manRbBn§ b¤ manbþI Kb,IsikSaeQVgyl;[)anc,as;las; eRBaHbBaðaEdlnwgekIt
manenAkñúgRKYsar suT§EtTak;TgnwgbBaðaenHTaMgGs; kalebIsikSaeQVgyl;)anya:g
c,as;las;ehIy vamuxCapþl;RbeyaCn_sMxan;Nas; RbsinebIminsikSaeQVgyl;[)an
l¥itl¥n;eT c,as;CanwgRbQmmuxnwgbBaðakñúgRKYsarrab;minGs; eBalKW {XravasFm’
CaebHdUgsMxan;anénesß
;énesßrPaBkñúgRKYsar }.

bBaðaRbcaMRKYsar
mnusSmñak;²munnwgerobkar eRcInEtmanGsuRkitPaBRbcaMkay b:uEnþenAeBlmk
rYmrs;CaRKYsar EtgeCosminputBIGsuRkitPaBenaH)aneT mñak;²RtUvEtb:HTgÁicKña nigKña
ebIRKYsarNaminman XravasFm’eT sUm,I x NamYy KW sc©³ Tm³ Tm³ xnþI caK³
caK³ RKYsarenaH
EtgekItmanbBaða 4 cMNucenH y:agBitR)akd KW
1> bBaðaminTukcitþKña
2> bBaðaeqatl¶g; minTan;TansgÁ
;sgÁm minTan;
TaneK;eK minTan;
Tanki;kei ls
3> bBaðaFujRTan;
RTanKñ;Kañ
4> bBaðaeXIjEtRbeyaCn_
EtRbeyaCnxø_xÜnø ¬GtþTtßPaB¦
bBaðaFM²TaMg 4 enH meFüa)ayEdll¥bMput KW kuM[ekIteLIgkñúgRKÜsar)an b¤ ebI
ekIteLIgenAeBlNa RtUvEtRbjab;CYyKñariHrkmeFüa)ayedaHRsay kuMbENþtbeNþay
[GUsbnøayeTAEvgq¶ay BIeRBaHbBaðaTaMg 4 enaH vaCaedImehtuénkarekItbBaðaepSg²
\tRsakRsanþ .
bBaðaTI 1 karminTukcitþKña karsnÞiHsgS½yKña
kñúgBiPBelaksBVéf¶enH eTaHbIebImnusSCasmaCikrs;enAkñúgRKYsarEtmYy Cm¶W
müa:g EdlEtgEtekIteLIgCaRbcaM KW Cm¶WsgS½y .

4
 ebITukCaGñkTaMgBIrCabþIRbBn§nwgKñaehIyk¾eday Cm¶WsgS½yKñakan;EtekIteRcIn
eLIg sUm,I¥bgb¥ÚnKñabegáIt k¾enAEtmanCm¶WsgS½yKñaEdr edayehaceTA sUm,IEtmþay
nig kUn k¾manCm¶WsgS½yKñapgEdr ehtudUecñaH min)ac;eBaleTAfVIdl;GñkdéT Edlmin
EmnCasac;saelahitCamYyKña minEmnCasmaCikkñúgRKYsar .
GgÁehtuEdlekItCm¶WsgS½yKñamaneRcIny:ag CYnkalsgS½y eRBaHRcENnb£sSa
CYnkalsgS½yeRBaHlMeGog CYnkalsgS½yeRBaHPaKImçageTotedIrExSelI nigCm¶W
sgS½yEdleRKaHfñak;bMput KW sgS½yeRBaHxVHkarTTYlxusRtUv .
eTaHbICasgS½yedaymUlehtuGVIk¾eday smaCikRKYsarkan;Etrs;enACamYyKña
)anyUrb:unNa Cm¶WsgS½yKñak¾kan;EtekIneLIgeRcInb:uneNaHEdr .
bBaðTI 2 PaBeqatl¶g; minTan;TansgÁ
;sgÁm minTan;
TaneK;eK minTan;
Tanki;kei ls
bBaðaenHekItecjBIstibBaØa cMeNHdwg nigsmtßPaBminesµIKña ebIeBal[cM KW
Cm¶Weqatl¶g; .
GñkxøHKiteFVIGVIminTan;GñkdéTkñúgRKYsar CaehtunaMmknUvkaredIrminTan;rbt;sgÁm
rbs;BiPBelak mUlehtucm,gEdledIrminTan;eKenH minEmnbNþalmkGMBIPaBeqat
l¶g;enaHeT b:uEnþedaysarsmaCikdéTeTotkñúgRKYsar eKecHsRmbxøÜnÉgeTAtam
kal³eTs³ eKecHEklm¥xøÜnÉgCanic© cMENkÉxøÜnÉgvij minRBmEklm¥xøÜnÉg
Tal;EtesaH . xøÜnÉgFøab;rs;enAEbbNa k¾rs;enAEbbenaHdEdl CaRbePTmnusS
rujKUfmineLIg .
mnusSRbePTenHÉg eRcInKittUccitþnwgeRBgvasnarbs;xøÜn tUccitþnwgbgb¥Ún tUc
citþnwg»Bukmþay tUccitþnwgbþI tUccitþnwgRbBn§ fa eKminRsLaj;xøÜn rhUteTAdl;tUccitþ
nwgkUnxøÜnÉg fa minRsLaj;xøÜnÉgpgEdr kalebIdUecñH k¾cab;epþImbgábBaðabMEbkbM)ak;
samKÁIPaBkñúgRKYsar .
bBaðaTI 3 PaBFujRTan;
RTanKñ;Kañ
bBaðaFujRTan;Kña ebIehA[cMfa Cm¶WeRCjmux .
5
 ecARkmmñak; Føab;niyayGMBIerOgkþIEdlekIteLIgkalBIGtItkalfa manekµg
GayueRkam 18 qñaMmñak;)anRbRBwtþbTelµIs tulakar)ankat;kþIbBa¢ÚnxøÜneTAkan;mnÞIrGb;
rMyuvnItism,Ta edIm,Ihat;Bt;nisS½y RKan;EttulakarecjsalRkmehIyPøam «Buk
mþayrbs;yuvCnenaH k¾eTAyMesake)akR)aNsuMykkUnmkGb;rMedayxøÜnÉg eTaHbIkUn
CaCnelµIsGaRkk;y:agNak¾eday BYkKat;k¾enAEtRsLaj;GaNitcg;)anykmkbI)ac;
EfrkSaEklm¥GtþcritedayxøÜnÉg minTukcitþGñkdéTkñúgkarCYyGb;rMkUnxøÜneLIy BIeRBaH
xøacERkgGñkdéTenaHeFVImin)anl¥dUcBYkKat; .
b:uEnþbc©úb,nñenH RKan;EtkUneFVIxus tulakarekaHehA«BukmþaymksaksYrfa kUn
rbs;GñkeFVIxus cuHGñkKitya:gNa ?
«BukmþayeqøIyPøamfa eRscEttulakareTAcuH RKan;EteXIjmuxvak¾FujRTan;
Nas; mindwgCaeFVIy:agNanwgvaeT ebIerOgvadl;fñak;hñwgeTAehIy .
kñúgsgÁmbc©úb,nñenH sUm,IEtkUnxøÜnÉg mnusSk¾FujRTan;
RTanEdr
;Edr
sUm,IEtsmaCikkñúgRKYsarEtmYy k¾RtUvEtRbugRby½tñkarBar kuM[ekItCm¶WFujKña
ÉgenHEdr RbsinebIkñúgRKYsareyIgmanGñkNamñak;eFVIGVIxusqÁg ehIymnusSenAkñúgpÞH
ekItcitþFujRTan;nwgkardas;etÓneRkInrMlwkGñkenaH køayCaRKYsarmYyEdlmansmaCik
rs;enAeRkamdMbUlpÞHEtmYymincuHsRmugKña min)anEckrMElkKuNFm’dl;KñaeTAvij eTA
mk KuNFm’rbs;eyIg nig GñkdéTk¾nwgminceRmIneLIg)aneLIy .
karFujRTan;KñaÉgCasBaØaénhaynPaBrbs;RKÜsaredayeCosmin)an BIeRBaH
minyUrb:unµaneT vanwgvivDÆn_eTAdl;cMNucmYyEdlmñak;² rs;enAEbk)ak;Kña CaehtunaMmk
nUvkardas;etOnKñamin)an .
kalebIdas;etOnKñamin)an dUecñHehIy eTIbminGacRTaMrs;enACamYyKñateTA
eTot)an køayCaCemøaHTas;ETgdl;fñak;eCrRbeTcKñanigvaytb;KñaCaTIbMput .
karrs;enArYmKñakñúgRKYsar KYrEtebIkcitþ[TUlayedIm,I[smaCikkñúgRKÜsarmñak;²
sEmþgmtieyabl;das;etOnxøÜnÉg)antaMgBIedImdMbUg ebIyl;eXIjfakareFVIenaH min
RtwmRtUv minsmrmü KµantmøaPaB sUm[Rbjab;etOnrMlwkKña RbesIrCagrgcaMrhUt
6
dl;Gt;Fµt;min)an ehIyeTIbelIkykmkbkGaRkatCaeRkay RbkarenaHÉgbIdUcCa
ykPñMePøIgTaMg 2 mkdak;[pÞúHRBmKñadUecñaH .
bBaðaTI 4 kareXIjEtRbeyaCn_
EtRbeyaCnxø_xÜnø ¬GtþTtßPaB¦
bBaðakareXIjEtRbeyaCn_pÞal;xøÜn ebIehA[cMfa Cm¶WxVHTwkcitþ .
FmµCatimnusSCaTUeTA eBlNak¾eday [EtenArYmrs;CamYyKñacab;BI 3 nak;
eLIgeTA c,as;;CamankarEckbkSEckBYk ebImankarEckCabkSCaBYkdUecñH RbsinebI
)anrbs;rbrGVIEbøkmk GñkenaHKitdl;EtbkSBYkxøÜnCamun eTaHbIGñkdéT lM)aklMbin
b:unNak¾minxVl; ebIsinCasßankarN_dundabxøaMg sUm,IEtsac;QamxøÜnÉg k¾Ebk)ak;
KñaEdr eRBaHemeraKénGtþTtßPaB)ancUlmkRKbsgát;citþTal;Etggwtggl;cak;EPñkmin
yl; .
eTaHbI)anlaPskáar³tUcFMNamYymk minsuxcitþEckrMElkKñabriePaKkñúgRKÜsar
eT elIsBIenaHeTAeTot EfmTaMgsuIExSelIdl;smaCikkñúgRKÜsareTotpg enATIbMput
RKÜsark¾cab;epþImeRbHqa TaMgenHekIteLIgedaysarCm¶WxVHTwkcitþ luHcMeNrkaltmk
naéf¶mYyesckþIeRbHqaenaH k¾rIkraldalFMeLIg² køayeTACakardYlrlMénRKÜsar .

XravasFm’ ebHdUgRKÜsar
GñkNak¾edayebIKitcg;erIsKURskr b¤ k¾cg;erobkarCasVamIPriya enArYmrs;Ca
mYyKñaCaRKÜsar GñkenaHKb,IeRtomxøÜnTukCamunfa minGaceCosputBIbBaðaTaMg4 xagelI
enaH)aneT .
karTb;sáat;bBaðaTaMgenH minEmnCakargayRsYlenaHeT b:uEnþminmann½yfa
KµanmeFüay)ayedaHRsay b¤ karBarenaHeT RbsinebImñak;² yl;dwgc,as;fa ebHdUg
RKÜsarKWCaGVI ehIyCYyKñaEfrkSaebHdUgRKÜsar[l¥ enATIbMputbBaðaTaMgGs;enH k¾RtUv
edaHRsayecj)an .
RBHbrmsasþa)anRbTaneKalFm’mYy EdlGacykmkeRbICamUldæansRmab;

7
CIvitRbcaMéf¶ edIm,Icak;RKwHksagRKÜsar)anya:grwgmaM enaH KW XravasFm’ man 4 x KW
sc©³ Tm³
Tm³ xnþI nig caK³
caK³ TaMg 4 x enH cat;TukCa ebHdUgRKÜsar .
CaTUeTA RbsinebIebHdUgeyIgenAEteFVIclnamaneQµaHfa eyIgenAmanCIvitrs;
enAeLIy pÞúyeTAvij ebIkalNasmaCikNamñak;kñúgRKÜsarmanXravasFm’RbcaMxøÜn
ebHdUgRKÜsark¾enAEteFVIclnadEdl bBaðadUceBalmkxagelIenH c,as;CaminekIteLIg
)aneLIy RKYsarnwgmanEtPaBzitefrRbkbedayPaBkk;ekþA nig samKÁIPaBekIteLIg
ral;² éf¶b:uneNaHEdr.
XravasFm’TaMg 4 enaH mansar³sMxan;dUcemþc etIGacCYyedaHRsaynig
karBarbBaðarbs;RKÜsar)anya:gNa?
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;cg¥úlR)ab;pøÚvdUcteTAenH
1> sc©³ EkbBaðakarminTukcitþKña karsnÞiHsgS½yKña
sc©³ ERbfa TwkcitþBit esµaHRtg;
HRtgcM;ceM BaHKña nig Kña .
ebIERbdUecñH mnusSPaKeRcInyl;minc,as; b:uEnþebIERbedIm,IbMPøWpøÚvdl;karGnuvtþ
Cak;Esþg RtUvERbfa sc©³ KW karTTYlxusRtUv rW TMnYlxusRtU RtUv .
ebIviPaKemIltamsßab½nRKÜsar TMnYlxusRtÚvsmaCikRKÜsarmñak;² RtUvEtcat;Tuk
erOgenHfa CaerOgcaM)ac;elx 1 BIeRBaHebIGñkNaKµanTMnYlxusRtÚveT muxCaekItCemøaH
Tas;ETgKñaminxan. RBmCamYyKñaenaH ebIGñkNamñak;seRmccitþ eRCIserIs KURskr
CMhandMbUg RtUvEtBinitüemIl[)anhµt;ct; KW BinitüemIlRtg;KMnitTTYlxusRtUvrbs;
KURskrenaHÉg minfaxagRbus b¤ xagRsIeLIy RtUvBinitüemIl[)anc,as;fa eKman
smtßPaBRKb;RKan;kñúgkardwknaMCIvitRKÜsar[ceRmInrugerOgrhUtdl;cas;ekagxñg b¤Gac
edaHRsayvibtþRKYsar)anEdr b¤ eT
mnusSEdlmansc©³EtgmanKMnitTTYlxusRtUv 4 Epñk KW
1> EpñktYnaTI nig kargar KW eTaHbIebI)anTTYltYnaTIticeRcInya:gNa kargar
Tak;TgnwgtYnaTIenaH² eTaHgay b¤ lM)akb:unNa eTaHsßankarN_huc[b¤Gt; eTaHfvika
mankRmit kmøaMgmnusSminRKb;RKan; eBlevlaminpþl;[ b¤ cMeNHdwgmankRmitexSay
8
k¾eday eTaHbICadUecñH mnusSEdlmansc©³EtgmanKMnitTTYlxusRtUv xVl;xVaykñúg
kareFVIkargarenaH² Tal;Et)anseRmcedayGs;BIsmtßPaB .
2> EpñkBaküsMdI KW niyayya:gNa eFVIya:genaH eFVIya:gNa niyayya:genaH
minEmnecHEtniyay b¤ eFVIGVI[rYcEtBImat; b¤ rYcEtBIédeLIy kareFVIGVI² Kb,I[sIucgVak;
Kña nwgkarniyayCadrab .
3> EpñkesBKb;
esBKbmnu
;mnusS KW karesBKb;rab;GanGñkNak¾eday k¾rab;rkGñkenaH
edayTwkcitþesµaHs\tlak;elom manGVIk¾R)ab;das;etOnKñaRtg;eTARtg;mk sMxan;bMput
KW minlMeGog b¤GKti 4 ya:g )andl; minlMeGogeRBaHRsLaj;cUlcitþ minlMeGogeRBaH
s¥b; minlMeGogeRBaHl¶g; minlMeGogeRBaHxøac .
4> EpñkGMeBIl¥ b¤ sIlFm’ KW xøÜnÉgRbkan;ykKuNFm’CaFM mineFVIGIVxussIl
xusFm’ xusvb,Fm’ xusRbéBNI nig xusc,ab;rdæ biTTVarKuk biTTVarnrk b:uEnþebIkTVar
zansYK’[xøÜnÉg)anya:gsgða .
ehtudUecñH ebIBicarNatamenHeTA mnusSEdlmansc©³ KW CamnusSEdlecH
TTYlxusRtUv cMeBaHtYnaTI nig kargar cMeBaHBaküsMdI cMeBaHmnusSEdlxøÜnesBKb; nig
cMeBaHKuNFm’EdlCaehtueFVI[mnusSecHKit ecHniyay ecHeFVIGVI² edayykcitþTukdak;
nigesµaHsl¥bMput/ enHÉgCakarelIkkm<s;cMeNHdwg smtßPaB nig GMeBIl¥rbs;xøÜn[
kan;EtRbéBeLIg .
ehtudUecñH sc©³rbs;eyIgGacemIleXIj)anGMBI 4 cMNucenH kan;EtmaneRcIn
kan;EtsEmþg[eXIjfa GñkenaHmanTMnYlxuseRcInb:unenaH . eRBaHmnusSEbbenHEtg
maneKalFm’RbcaMcitþCadrabfa eTaHeFVIGVI RtUvEteFVI[)anl¥CaTIbMput eTaHniyayGIV
RtUvEtniyay[c,as;las;CaTIbMput citþx¢ab;x¢ÜnkñúgsIlFm’bMput .
mnusSmansc©³ mincMeBaHEtmnusSkñúgRKYsareCOTukcitþb:ueNÑaHeT sUm,IEt
mitþP½Rkk¾eCOTukcitþEdr esckþIsgS½yEdlmitþGacmanmkBImun k¾rls;rlIgeTA
pÞúyeTAvij ebIGñkNaKµansc©³eT eTANamkNa CYbEtkarémsgS½ydak; nigkarmin
Tukcitþ mnusSl¥manEteKcmux mincg;cUleTAEk,r mincg;esBKb;CamYy eRBaHxøac
9
s¥úyeQµaHedaykaresBKb;enaH . ehtuenaH ebImnusSkñúgRKYsarKµansc©³ b¤ KµannisS½y
TTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHtYnaTIkargar BaküsMdI buKÁl nig sIlFm’GMeBIl¥eT bBaðaémsgS½y
nwgenAmanekIneLIg ebIdUecñH etIeKrs;enACamYyKña)andUcemþc?
dUecñH sRmab;RKYsarEdlmanRKwHrwgmaM smaCikRKYsarRtUvEtmansc© sc©³CanisS½y
TI 1
2> Tm³ edaHRsaybBaðaeqatl¶g; minTan;eK minTan;sgÁm minTan;kiels
Tm³
Tm³ ERbfa ecHTb;
ecHTbci;cti þxøÜnÉg
kñúgpøÚvRbtibtþi Tm³
Tm³ sMedAdl;karRsvaRseTjkñ
RsvaRseTjkñúgkarhat
karhat;
hatBt;
;Btlt;
Bt ;ltdM;dxM øÜnÉgeday
lt
\tl½kçx½NÐ edIm,[I xøÜnÉgmanTaMgcMeNHdwg smtßPaB nig GMeBIl¥ekIneLIgral; raléf¶
;éf¶
Tm³
Tm³ ERbCasMdIGñkRsukfa cUlcitþlt;tdM;dxM øÜn/ cas;TuMniyayfa kuMbeNþay[ y[
xøÜnl¶g;
viFIbegáIncMeNHdwg smtßPaB nig GMeBIl¥RKb;y:ag manviFIRbtibtþi 4 y:ag KW
1> RtUvEtrkRKUl¥[)an[)an KWfa eTaHbICaGñkNacab;GarmµN_ nig cUlcitþerOgGVImYy
[)
[dl;xøÜnÉg GñkenaHRtUvEtrkGñkEdlmancMeNHdwg smtßPaB kñúgerOgenaH² mkeFVI
CaRKU[)anCamunsin mindUecñaHeT muxCaman»kasbraC½yeRcIn ebIrkeTAmin)aneT
y:agehacNas; k¾rkmnusSEdlyl;dwgerOgenaHeRcInbMputkñúgsßankarN_enaH .
2> RtUvEtsþab;bBaküsM
;BaküsMdIRKU KW RtUvRtgRtab;sþab;yk edjedalsYrehIysYreTot
Tal;Etyl;cMNucEdlRKYbeRgon)anTaMgeKalkarN_TaMgviFIkarmanGVIxøHy:agc,as;las;
manCeRmAb:unNa .
3> RtUvEtRtiHriHtamBaküsM
tamBaküsMdIRKU KW TajykcMNucnImYy² EdlRKUBnül;ehIy
mkviPaKEvkEjk[yl;ehtuplTaMgxøwmsar TaMgkarGnuvtþ cMNucKYrRbugRby½tñKuN
sm,tþi nig KuNvibtþi[kan;Etc,as;las;eLIg .
4> RtUvEteFVItamRKU KW eRkayBIBicarNaBaküsMdIRKU)anyl;l¥ehIy faRtwmRtUv
nigsmrmüehIy k¾cab;GnuvtþtamedaysµartIp©itp©g; mineFVsRbEhs EdlCaehtuGac
naMmkhanIykarbraC½y)anenATIbMput .
10
 GñkEdlmanTaMgcMeNHdwgTaMgsmtßPaB nigGMeBIl¥eBjelj RtUvEtGaRs½y
viFIsaRsþenHb:ueNÑaHkñúgkarhat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜn edIm,I[Tan;eK Tan;sgÁm Tan;kiels b:uEnþ
CakarBitNas;fa karEdleFVIy:agenH)an RtUvEtGt;Fµt;bgçMcitþxøÜnÉg RKb;RKgcitþ
xøÜnÉgCYnkalsuxcitþRTaMQWcab;enAkñúgcitþhak;bIdUcCaQamhUrecjmksRsak;dUecñaH .
mUlehtuEdlRtUvEts‘URTaMbgçMcitþTb;Tl;citþxøÜnÉg BIeRBaH karhat;Bt;lt;dMNa
k¾eday ebIminGachat;pøas;nisS½y)aneT mineQµaHfa Cakarhat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜneLIy .
]TahrN_dUcCa RKan;EtEknisS½ybriePaKepþspþas minEmnEk)angayeT b¤
RKan;EtnisS½ycUlcitþedkPJak;RCuleBl niyayminBieraH cUlcitþRbEkk«Bukmþay
k¾RtUvEtrkviFIEktRmUvxøÜnÉg[)an rYmTaMgkarhVwkhat;xøÜnÉgmin[RbmaTeFVsRbEhs
minCakargayeLIy eRCAeTA² tamlMdab; RKan;Etminb:unµanerOgmkenH k¾hVwkhat;xøÜn
ÉgswgrhUtmYyCIviteTAehIy enHminTan;rab;dl;nisS½yRcENnQñanIs ejonRsa
ejonEl,gsIusgpgeT .
dUecñH sRmab;RKYsarEdlmanRKwHrwgmaM smaCikkñúgRKYsarRtUvEtman Tm³ Tm³ Ca
nisS½yTI 2
3> xnþI edaHRsaybBað
edaHRsaybBaðakarFujRTan; RTanKñ;Kañ Ég
xnþI ERbfa esckþIGt;tFµ;Ftµ ; Gt;
GtFn;
;Fn; s‘URTaM
Fn
ehtuGVI)anRtUvs‘URTaM? eRBaHGñkEdl)anGMeBIl¥mkbEnßmdl;xøÜnenaH suT§Etyk
esckþIs‘URTaM eTAdUrykmkTaMgGs; .
ebIekItCamnusSehIy etIRtUvs‘URTaMGVIxøH?
cemøIy KW RtUvxMs‘URTaM[)an 4 y:ag KW
3>1> RtUvs‘URTaMnwgFmµCatiEdlminGMeNaypl dUcCa s‘URTaMnigkemþAéf¶Ecs
BüúH ePøogEdlFøak;CRBa¢aMCaedIm .
3>2> RtUvs‘URTaMnwgTukçevTna KW sU‘RTaMnwgsßanPaBragkayminGMeNaypl dUcCa
s‘URTaMnwgkarQWcukcab; minERskf¶ÚrRCuleBk .
3>3> RtUvs‘URTaMnwgkarb:
karbHTgÁ:HTgÁic KW s‘URTaMnwgGñkdéT .
11
 karBit eyIgRtUvEtTTYlsÁal;fa eyIgenAmancMNucxVHxat enATas;citþ min)an
dUccitþxøÜnÉgCaeRcIn kan;EteFVIkargarRbjab; RtUvkarRbNItPaBeRcInb:unNa enAEtman
erOgTas;citþxøÜnÉgTal;Et)an karEdleRcInelIkeRcInsaenAminTan;RtUvcitþxøÜnÉg nuHÉg
CacMNucxVHxat EdlkøayCanisS½yminl¥ ehIycMNucxVHxatEdlxøÜnÉgsegátemIl
mineXIjenAmanCaeRcIneTot .
cMNucxVHxatrbs;bþIRbBn§rbs;kUnEdleKman pÁÜbpSMnwgcMNucxVHxVatEdlxøÜnÉg
man y:agNak¾RtUvEtb:HTgÁicKñaedayxanmin)an . ehtudUecñH sVamIPriyaEdlrs;enA
eRkamdMbUlpÞHEtmYy eTaHbIeKl¥l¥Hb:unNa k¾enAEtmancMNucxVHxatEdr ebIKitfa
s‘URTaMmin)aneT kuMGalcitþTn;eTAerobkareLIy b:uEnþ\LÚvenH manGñkxøHeRkayBI
erobkarehIy cUlcitþeRbIBaküfa siT§ipÞal;lxø;xÜnø RKan;EterobkarehIy k¾eTAeFVIÉksar
EbgEckRTBüsm,tþi eRtomTukElglHKña CaehtueFVI[ekItsMNYrfa ebIKitfas‘URTaMenA
CamYyKñaminTan;)anmktaMgBIdMbUgeT cuHehtuGVIk¾RtUverobkar?
cas;bUraNpþaMehIypþaMeTotfa ebIsuxcitþykKñaCabþIRbBn§ehIy GNþat nig eFµj
RtUvEtb:
EtbHTgÁ
:HTgÁicKñaedayxanmin)an . ehtuenaH KURKgrbs;eyIgeTaHl¥viessb:unNa
k¾eCosmiinputBIkarb:HTgÁicKñaeLIy ebIyl;fa enAeBleQøaHKñaehIy minecHGt;Fµt;Kña
eTAvijeTAmkeT kuMerobkareLIyRbesIrCag b:uEnþebIeFVIcitþ)ans‘URTaMTaMgeKTaMgjati
rbs;eK)anehIy k¾RtUvEtniyayKña[c,as;fa RtUvs‘URTaMKñay:agem:c RbesIrCageTA
niyayerOgepSg .
sMNYrEdlKYrsYrKñamuneBlerobkarfa Gñkc,c,as; askñ;kúgñ citþehIy b¤ fanwgs‘URTaM
cMeBaH´)
BaH´)an ebIminc,as;eT kuMerobkareLIy xøacERkgbgákmµeBorevranwgKña køayCaKU
RsLaj;eTACaKUxñaj;enAéf¶GnaKt [eyIgEjkpøÚvKñaRtwmeNHcuH enHCasMNYrEdlGñk
TaMgBIrKYrsYrcitþxøÜnÉgmuneBlerobkar .
ehtudUecñH RbesIrCagkareTAsYrfa cieBa©onbBa©aMcitþbun: µankar:at; éføxan;søab:unµan?
éføpÞHb:unµanlan? GVITaMgGs;enH mineTogTat;eT GVIEdlRtUvsYr KW Gñkc,c,as; askñ;kúgñ citþehIy
b¤ fanwgs‘URTaMcMeBaH´)
BaH´)an?
an?
12
 ebIKit[Evgq¶ayCagenH GñkEdlRtUvs‘URTaMmincMeBaHEtKURKgrbs;xøÜnb:ueNÑaHeT
b:uEnþRtUvs‘URTaMnwgjatixagxøÜn nigxagKURKg »Bukmþaybgb¥ÚnTaMgsgxag EdlsuT§Et
e)aHbg;ecalmin)an RtUvs‘URTaMnwgesckþIfñaMgfñak;citþKñaeTAvijeTAmkrhUtGs;mYyCIvit.
3>4> s‘URTaMkiels KW kars‘URTaMnwgnisS½yminl¥rbs;eyIg
kielsCaemeraKcéRgrbs;citþEdlCab;tamxøÜneyIgmktaMgBIkMeNIt enAeBlva
keRmIkeLIg vak¾sgát;sgáin bgÁab;bBa¢a nig xaMRkjiceyIg[eFVIGMeBIGaRkk;epSg² eday
\teGonxµas luHeyIgeFVIeTA k¾bNþal[TTYlrgTukçeTasTNÐCaesckþIekþARkhay
CaeRcIny:agCaehtu[eyIgnwksþayeRkaynigriHKn;enATegVIrbs;xøÜnÉgCaeRkay .
mnusSEdls‘URTaMnwgkielsKabsgát;min)an k¾køayCamnusSmannisS½yminl¥
CaeRcIn TIbMputkøayCamnusSx¢ilRcGUseFVIkargar xVHkarTTYlxusRtUv CamnusSedIr
ecjBIGMeBIl¥ eTAejonG)aymuxRKb;Ebby:ag .
G)aymux CaeRKOgCMrujxageRkA EdlcaMEtBBaØak;kiels[keRmIkjab;j½r
ehIyrIkraldalcUleTAkñúgcitþrhUtdl;køayCasnþanexµAEdlBi)aknigEktRmg; .
G)aymuxEdlkMNacbMput KW karesBKb;CnBal eRBaHCnBalCaBahn³naM
emeraKkMNaceTA[GñkCitxageday\tRtaRbNI t,itkielskñúgcitþrbs;CnBal vaKab
sgát;[eKkøayCaTaskrrbs;GkuslkmµepSg² edayminKitKUrdl;esckþIekþARkhay
NamYyeLIy .
karesBKb;CnBalesµInwgkarTTYlykemeraKkMNacpøÚvcitþmkdak;xøÜn nisS½y
l¥² EdlmanenAkñúgcitþRtUv)ankielsbMpøajecalTaMgRsug ehIyk¾ERbkøayCanisS½y
GaRkk;mkCMnYsvij .
edaysarEtkielsmanplvi)akcMeBaHnisS½yl¥dUecñHehIy suvtßiPaBkñúgRKYsar
eTIbBwgEp¥keTAelIeyIgEdlCaGñks‘URTaMnwgkiels edaykarhat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜnÉgtam
yuT§viFI 2 y:agenHy:agRbiteRbog
1> s‘URTaMnwgkarRKb;
karRKbRKgni
;RKgnisS½yminl¥rbs;
bsxø;xÜnø Égmin[rIkraldaleTAetagGñk
déT BIeRBaHebIs‘URTaMmin)aneT sVamIPriyaEdlrs;enACamYyKña hak;bIdUcCasagkmµ
13
eBorevranwgKñaeTAvijeTAmk dMeNIreRbHqa karEbk)ak;samKÁI karEckbkSEckBYk
karqaeqAKñakñúgRKYsar nwgmanmkCaeRcIn .
2> s‘URTaMnwgG) G)aymux 6 KW karpwksura karedIrehIryb;RBlb; karedIrelgkñúg
)anIydæan karelgEl,gsIusg karesBKb;mnusSGaRkk;Camitþ nigPaBx¢ilRcGUs
cMeBaHtYnaTIkargar eRBaHebIGt;RTaMnwgG)aymux 6 y:agenHmin)aneT esdækic©RKYsar
muxCadYlrlMminxan pÞúyeTAvij ebIsmaCikkñúgRKYsarmñak;² hVwkhat;GMNt;Gt;Fµt;
cMeBaHkielsedaykars‘URTaM 2 cMNucenH)an nisS½yxøÜnÉgk¾l¥RbesIr esdækic©RKYsar
k¾rwgmaM mitþP½RkEdlCamnusSl¥k¾rab;rkeTAmk biTTVarraMgbuKÁlBal nigG)aymux
epSg² [enAq¶ayGMBIRKYsar .
dUecñH sRmab;RKYsarEdlmanRKwHrwgmaM smaCikRKYsarRtUvEtman xnþICanisS½yTI
3.
4> caK³ edaHRsaybBaðaeXIjEtRbeyaCn_
EtRbeyaCnxø_xÜnø
caK³
caK³ ERbfa esckþIlHbg; Hbg;
man 3 RbePT KW
1> lHbg;
lHbgeTyüvtß
;eTyüvtßú
2> lHbg;
lHbgesckþ
;esckþIRsNukRsYl
3> lHbg;
lHbgGarmµ;GarmµNRseBan
_RseBan minykmkTukkñúgcitþ CaCMhanQaneTArkkareFVI
smaFi
esckþIlHbg;
Hbg; sMedAykkarmanTwkcitþcMeBaHkarrs;enACamYyKña KitKUrdl;
RbeyaCn_rYmrbs;RKYsarCaFM .
CIvitGaBah_BiBah_ RtUvGaRs½yelIesckþIlHbg;cMeBaHKñaeTAvijeTAmk ebImin
dUecñaHeT KµanpøÚvnwgywteyagRKYsareLIg)aneLIy elIsBIenaHeTAeTot ebIRKYsarNa
miinmanesckþIlHbg;eT manEtkarRbTg;RbTajKñakñúgRKYsar eTaHbIrs;enACamYyKña
k¾dUcCars;enAepSgBIKñadUecñaH .

14
 esckþIlHbg;CamUldæan PaKeRcInTak;TgnwgkarciBa©wmCIvitCacm,g KUsVamIPriya
RtUvEtKitKUrdl;shsuxkñúgRKYsareRcInCagsuxpÞal;xøÜnÉgCaGaTiPaB .
mUldæanénkarciBa©wmCIvit KW bc©½y 4 b:uEnþerOgsMxan;EdlRtUvyl;dwgmuncayvay
masR)ak;rkTijbc©½y 4 KWRtUvEtEvkEjk[dac;RsLH rvagcMNg;cg;)antamcitþxøÜnÉg
nig esckþIcaM)ac;rbs;RKYsar .
ebIEvkEjkesckþIcaM)ac;nigcMNg;cg;)anminecjeT CIvitRKYsarmanEteRbHqa
bnþic² mþgerogral;éf¶ TIbMputk¾ekItmancitþmYyfa xøÜnÉgRtUvPaKImçageTotykeRbob
elIxøÜn edayPaKImYyeTot eXIjEtRbeyaCn_xøÜn ehIyenATIbMputk¾rs;enAedayELk
BIKña TaMgmineyaKyl;dl;KñaeTAvijeTAmk .
]TahrN_dUcCa RKYsarEdlmanEt 2 nak;bþIRbBn§enAminTan;mankUn R)ak;cMNUl
rbs;GñkTaMg 2 ebIrYmKñaeTAk¾mankRmit RKan;EtéføTwkGb;eqItqayrbs;Priya éføRsa
TMBaMg)ayCUrrbs;bþI k¾b:HBal;dl;éføcMNIGahar éføbg;pÞHRbcaMExPøam edaynwkkñúgcitþ
fa RtUvPaKImçmaç geTotykeRbobelI
geTotykeRbobelI k¾ekItmane maneLIgeRBaHEvkEjkmindac;
dacfa;fa GVICacMacMNg;g;
pÞal;lxø;xÜnø nig GVICaesckþIcaM)ac;acsRmab;
;sRmabRKY
sRmab ;RKYsar . TwkGb;mantémøéfø minEmnCarbs;caM
)ac;eT b:uEnþCarbs;x¢Hx¢ay RsaTMBaMg)ayCUrcat;CaG)aymux Carbs;bMpøajsuxPaB
CacMNg;cMNUlcitþminRtwmRtUvrbs;sgÁm eRBaHehtuenaH ebIKUsVamIPriyaemIleXIj
rbs;x¢Hx¢ayTaMgenHfaCarbs;caM)ac; nuHÉgKWCa GtþTtßPaB CapøÚvénesckþIvinasrbs;
RKYsar .
CIvitGaBah_BiBah_ CaCIvitmanfvikasRmab;buKÁl RtUvGaRs½yesckþIlHbg;Ca
mUldæankñúgkarrs;enACamYyKña b:uEnþebIbeNþay[cayvayeTAtamcMNg;erog²xøÜn ehIy
KUsVamIPriya min)anykcMNUlrbs;xøÜnmkrYmKñataMgBIcab;;ksagRKYsarfµIeT mann½yfa
mñak;² rs;enAedayeRtomxøÜnEckpøÚvKñataMgBIdMbUgédemøH edayKµanGñkNamñak;KitKUrdl;
cMNUlrYmrbs;RKYsareT ehtuGVI)anCaerobkarCamYyKña ?

15
 ehtudUecñH eBlNak¾eday[EtemIleXIjrbs;x¢Hx¢ayfaCarbs;caM)ac; eBl
enaHÉg fvikakñúgRKYsarc,as;CaxVHxatPøam TaMgenHKWCa GtþTtßPaB EdlbgábBaðadl;
karrYmrs;CamYyKñaCaeRcIneTot .
karerobkarminEmnCaerOgelgesIcRsNukhWha eTAtamGarmµN_rbs;kMeLaH
RkmuMeT BIeRBaHRKan;Etcab;epþImerobkar karTTYlxusRtUv esckþIERbRbYl karGMNt;
Gt;Fµt; esckþIlHbg; k¾eFVIdMeNIrtammkPøam ehtudUecñH GñkEdlKitnwgerobkar RtUvEt
KitKUr[ )anc,as;las;dl;erOgTaMg 2 y:agenHfa KURKgrbs;xøÜnmanesckþIRBmeRBog
b:unNa KW
1> etIBwgBak;
BakelI
;elIKURKgrbs;
KgrbseyI
;eyIg)aneT
aneT enAeBleyIgmanCm¶WQWfáat;t; b¤man
man
eRKaHfñak;k;?
2> etIKURKgeyIgmancMeNHdwg smtßPaB nig GMeBIl¥lµmnwgciBa©wmRKYsar[ ar[
suxRsYl ciBa©wmkUnecA[
ecA[CamnusSl¥)aneT?aneT?
BIeRBaH 2 y:agenH CaesckþIlHbg;CamUldæanrbs;RKYsar PaKeRcInsBVéf¶enH
eBlerobkar eRcInEterobkareTAtamtRmUvkarpÞal;xøÜn CaCagBicarNaehtuplTaMg 2
y:agenH CaehtueFVI[CYbRbTHbBaðaCaeRcIneRkayBIeBlerobkar GñkxøHdl;fñak;kab;
smøab;Kñak¾man . sRmab;GñkEdlmiinTan;erobkar b¤ eRtomxøÜnnwgerobkar RtUvBicarNa
[)anc,as;fa enAeBlerobkarCaKUsVamIPriyaehIy CIvitenHRtUvEtBwgBak;GaRs½yKña
eTAvijeTAmk eTaHdl;RKamanCm¶WQWfáat; cas;Cra k¾emIlEfrKña)an karerobkarRtUvEt
BwgBak;elIesckþIlHbg;cMeBaHKñaCaxøaMg .
elIsBIenaHeTot KWfa enAeBlmanbuRtFIta TaMgsVamIPriyaRtUvEtlHbg;cMeBaH
KñavijeTAmkeRcIneLIgEfmeTot BIeRBaHRtg;cMNucenHÉgCakarlHbg;eBlevla[kUn
EdlGñkTaMgBIrKb,IeRtomxøÜnTukmuneBlerobkarmkehIy. GñkEdleRtomxøÜnnwgkøay
Ca«Bukmþayrbs;GñkdéT eKRtUvEtBicarNaxøÜnÉgfa xøÜnÉgmancMeNHdwg smtßPaB nig
GMeBIl¥Edl)anmkBIkarhat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜnÉgmkrhUtmYyCIvit t,itfa eyIgnwgRtUv)ak;
EbkEckzaneTAenAeBlcas;Cra RtUvEtmanmnusSl¥mkemIlEf ebIerobkarmanRKYsar
16
RtUvEtykcMeNHdwg smtßPaB nig GMeBIl¥rbs;eyIgEdlmanmksagTayaTl¥²
sRmab;elakenH ehIyk¾bgðat;beRgon cMeNHdwg smtßPaB nig GMeBIl¥[dl;BYkeK
BYkeKnwgmansmtßPaBQrelICMhrxøÜnÉg)ankñúgelakenHteTA .
karerobkarminEmnepþateTAelIEtesckþIsuxEbbkamKuNb:ueNÑaHeT esckþIsux
EbbenH Casuxmþgmáal b:uEnþeRBaHmnusSPaKeRcInepþatykEtcm¶aj;pøÚvePT ehtuenaH
)anCaGRtakarElglHKñaekIneLIg cmñg;pøÚvePTekItmanEtenAeBleBjv½yerobkar
b:ueNÑaH .
RKwHsßanénCIviteRkayeBlerobkar RtUvGaRs½yesckþIlHbg;cMeBaHKñaeTAvij
eTAmk ebIeXIjEtRbeyaCn_xøÜneBlNa c,as;CamankarElglHKña b¤ kab;smøab;Kña
tamBIeRkaymkCaerOy²eBlenaH .
esckþIlHbg;kñúgCIviterobkarCaesckþIlHbg;edIm,Ifñak;fñmkaycitþ KWfa ciBa©wm
kay nig ciBa©wmcitþ[)anl¥ CIviterobkarnwgmanEtsuPmgÁl .
ciBa©wmkay KW karcayvayluykak;kñúgRKYsaredaybBaØa Kb,IcayvayedIm,I
smaCikTaMgmUlrbs;RKYsarCacm,g EckKñabriePaK EckKñaeRbIR)as; lHbg;esckþI
suxRsYlpÞal;xøÜn .
ciBa©wmcitþ KW karecHfñak;fñmTwkcitþKñaral;éf¶ ecH[kmøaMgcitþKñaenAeBlCYb
RbTH]bsKÁ ecHetOnrMlwkhamR)amKñaenAeBleFVsRbEhs nigmanesckþIesµaHRtg;
cMeBaHKñay:agesµIcugesµIedIm KURKgEdlciBa©wmkay nig ciBa©wmcitþmkCamYyKñaEbb enH
manEtkarlHbg;edIm,IRbeyaCn_rYm ¬shb,eyaCn_¦ TaMglHbg;rbs;rbr lHbg;
esckþIRsNuksuxRsYl lHbg;GarmµN_GviC¢man briyakasl¥ RsuHRsYl samKPÁIPaB
k¾nigekItmaneLIgkñúgRKYsar .
dUecñH sRmab;RKYsarEdlmanRKwHrwgmaM smaCikkñúgRKYsarRtUvEtman caK³ caK³ Ca
nisS½yTI 4
BicarNatamXravasFm’TaMg 4 y:agenHeTA GñkNak¾edayEdlkMBugKitnwg
manKURKg kMBugeRtomxøÜnnwgerobkar kMBugksagRKYsarfµI b¤ kMBugmanbBaðaRKYsar Kb,I
17
Rbkan;ykXravasFm’
XravasFm’ 4 KW sc©³ Tm³ Tm³ xnþI caK³
caK³ CaebHdUgrbs;RKYsar CaebHdUg
sMxan;EdlsmaCikkñúgRKYsar RtUvEtmanRbcaMxøÜn RKwHsßanrbs;RKYsar eTIbGacsßitenA
rwgmaM)antaMgEtGMBIdMbUg ehIybBaðaepSg² kñúgRKYsar TaMgbBaðaémsgS½ydak;Kña bBaða
eqatl¶g; minTan;eK minTan;sgÁm minTan;kiels bBaðaFujRTan;KñaÉg bBaðaeXIjEt
RbeyaCn_xøÜn muxCanwgminekIteLIgkñúgRKYsarenHCadac;xat ebHdUgrbs;RKYsark¾enAEt
eFVIclnaterogeTA .

18
19
 CMBUkTI 1 cak;RKwHksagRKYsar

kareRCamERCgKUCIvit

karhat;Tb;GarmµN_xøÜnÉgmuneBlerobkar CaRKwHsßansMxan;
sRmab;karEfrkSaCIvitRKYsar pÞúyeTAvij ebIGñkTaMg 2 minFøab;eron
Tb;sáat;GarmµN_xøÜnÉgmkBImuneT karelIkkRmitKuNFm’kñúgcitþ eRkay
eBlerobkarnwg minGaceFVIeTArYceLIy b:uEnþnwgERbkøayeTACakareFVI)ab
citþKñaeTAvijeTAmkedayBaküsMdIminl¥epSg² TIbMputPaKImYyGt;Fµt;
nwgGarmµN_rbs;PaKImYyeTot\min)an karElglHKña k¾GacekIteLIg
enATIbBa©b; .
20
dUecñHkareronTb;GarmµN_xøÜnÉgmuneBlerobkar CaviFIkarBarenAkarElglHKña)anl¥
bMput .

eKalKMnitmuneBlerobkar
CMenOEdlcat;TukCakarBit minKitfab:unµanlanqñaMknøgmkehIyenaHeT enAeBl
sVamIPriya cab;epþImrYmrs;CamYyKña erOgEdlmiinGacRbRBwtþeTA)an KW karminb:HTgÁicKña
b¤ erOgEdlGñkTaMg 2 minb:HTgÁicCamYynwgsac;jatiRtkUlrbs;GñkTaMgsgxagenaH
minmaneLIuy eTaHbICay:agNak¾eday k¾RtUvEtmankarb:HTgÁicKñaedayeCosminrYc .
GVIEdlKYrKit KWfa ebIGñkTaMg 2 minEdlhat;Tb;GarmµNx_ øÜnÉg muneBlerob
karmkeT luHdl;eBlb:HTgÁicKña k¾s‘URTaMenACamYyKñamin)an ehIypÞHxñgenaH RKYsar
enaH RtkUlenaHk¾manerOgr:avekþARkhayEbk)ak;épÞkñúgCabeNþIr² minmansnþiPaBkñúg
CIviteLIy pÞúyeTAvij ebIGñkTaMg 2 )aneronhat;RKb;RKgGarmµN_rbs;xøÜnÉgmk y:ag
l¥taMgBImuneBlerobkar eTaHbICab:HTgÁicKñab:unNak¾eday k¾GacrkSatulüPaBGarmµN_
rbs;xøÜnÉg)anEdr minebomGarmµN_xUcTukkñúgcitþdl;éf¶eRkayeLIy briyakasrbs;
RKYsark¾mancMNuccab;epþImedaysuxsnþiPaB BIeRBaHmñak;² xitxMkm©at;nisS½yminl¥rbs;
xøÜnÉgecal ehIyk¾TajykGVI² Edll¥EdlekItBIKuNFm’xagkñúgmkpSBVpSay[Kña
eTAvijeTAmk karTTYlsÁal;GMeBIl¥rbs;KñaeTAvijeTAmkEtgekIteLIgCaFmµtaehIy
nuHÉgnwgkøayCaesßrPaBrbs;RKYsarekrþ×eQµaHrbs;vgSRtkUlTaMg 2 k¾RtEdteFøaeLIg
enAkñúgsgÁm .
CakarBitNas; karEdlGñkNamñak;GacRKb;RKgGarmµN_rbs;xøÜnÉg)an RtUvEt
qøgkat;karhat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜnÉgmky:agl¥muneBlerobkar dUnta)anFøab;qøgkat;kar
hat;Bt;lt;dMenHmk elakeTIbpþl;eKalKMnitGMBIkarerobkardUcteTAenH

21
 GñkEdldwgxøÜnÉgfahamXat;cMNg;cg;erobkarmin)an RtUvEtsagGgÁFatu 4
y:agenH [ekIteLIgCamunsin edIm,ICaTMnb;;Tb;CIviterobkar[taMgenAyUrGEgVg KW
1> RtUvEtBwgxøÜnÉg[)
Ég[)ansi
[)ansin
2> RtUvmaneKalkarN_
maneKalkarNerI_erIsykmnusSmkCaKURKg
3> RtUvmanPIelogkñúgkar karywteyagKUCIvit
4> RtUvecHduHxat;
xatci;cti þ[s¥at
dUntapþaMfa GñkEdlKitcg;erobkar RtUvsagGgÁFatu 4 y:agenH[ekIteLIg
dl;KUCIvitCamunsin ehIyswmerobkar eTIbGacTb;Tl;nwgtYnaTI nigkargarEdlxøÜnÉg
RtUvTTYlxusRtUveRkayeBlerobkar)an BIeRBaHebIdwgxøÜnÉgmundUecñH nwg)aneRtom
cMeNHdwg smtßPaB nigGMeBIl¥kñúgPav³CaKUsVamIPriyad¾l¥ CakUnRbsarRbusRsId¾l¥
Ca«Bukmþayd¾l¥rbs;kUn ehIykarerobkar rYmrs;CamYyKña GaRs½yCIvitCamYyKña
køayCakarelIkkRmitcMeNHdwg smtßPaB nigGMeBIl¥dl;KñaeTAvijeTAmk karEfrkSa
esckþIesñhak¾GacRbRBwtþeTA)anedayrlUnrabTabsmtambMNgEdlb:gR)afña .
ehtudUecñH tBIenHeTA nwgniyaydl;ehtuplnImYy²fa ehtuGVI)anCakarerobkar
RtUvEtmanGgÁFatu 4 y:agenH eTIbGacEfrkSaesckþIRsLaj;[enAKg;vgSeTA)an .

esckþInwksgÇwmkñúgkarerobkar
dUntaBnül;ehtuply:agRtg;eTARtg;mkfa karBitGñkEdlerobkarenH BIeRBaH
faeKxV
eKxVHTMnukTukcitþxøÜnÉg minc,as;kñúgcitþfaetIeKGacQrelICMhrxøÜnÉg)an b¤ min)an
kalebIxVHTMnukcitþkñúgkarBwgBak;xøÜnÉgehIyk¾ekItmanesckþIsgÇwmfa nwgrkGñkNa
mYymkCaTIBwgdl;CIvitrbs;xøÜnkñúgerOgEdlxøÜnb:gR)afña GñkxøHerobkareTAk¾eRBaHEt
lYcsgÇwmfa eKeFVIl¥nwgxøÜny:agenHy:agenaH ehIyxøÜnÉgk¾tbsñgdl;eKy:agenH
y:agenaHEdr b:uEnþdl;karBitEmnETn eKmin)aneFVItamGVIEdlxøÜnKitTukrhUt 24 em:ag
eLIy ehIyGVIEdlxøÜnÉgeFVI[eKenaH eKk¾minRtUvkarrhUt 24 em:ageLIy .

22
 GñkxøHerobkareRBaHcg;)anRbBn§s¥at b:uEnþR)akd[eXIjfaPaBs¥at² enaH
min)ans¥atrhUt 24 em:ageLIy esckþIsuxtampøÚvragkaymin)ansßitenAyUrGEgVg
eLIy RbsinebIsgÇwmEterOgenHRKan;EtPaKImYypþl;[erOgenHmin)an minyUrk¾man
erOgr:avpitk,t;KñaCak;Caminxan .
GñkxøHerobkareRBaHlg;esñh_nwgcriyamaryaTKitfa eKsuPaBrabsay:agenH
CaerogrhUt b:uEnþR)akd[eXIjfa maryaTl¥minGactaMgenA)an 24 em:ageLIy .
kalebIKMniténkarEsVgrkKURskrkñúglkçN³BwgBak;GñkdéT CaRtImuxEbbenH
RKan;EteKCaTIBwg[min)an k¾cab;ep<ImrkerOgeQøaHRbEkkvIEvkbþwgpþl;eLIgtulakar
manR)akd[eXIjCaerOy² ehtuenaHeTIbmanBaküfa eRBaHtaMgeKalbMNgxu gxus
eTIbxuseKalbMNg .
KMnitEdlRtwmRtUvmuneBlerobkar KW xøÜnÉgRtUvEtCaTIBwgrbs;
rbsxø;xÜnø Ég)
Ég)anCa
anCa
munsin BIeRBaHenAeBlerobkarehIyerOgEdlRtUvCaTIBwgrbs;GñkdéTmaneRcInNas;
niyay[gaysþab; KW erOgEdlRtUvGt;RTaMnwgKñaeTAvijeTAmk[)an vamaneRcInCag
erOgEdlminRtUvGt;RTaMnwgKñaEdlRtUvGaRs½yelIcMeNHdwg smtßPaB nigGMeBIl¥Edl
xøÜnmanmkmuneBlerobkarCaRKwH elIsBIenaHeTot KWRtUvRbQmmuxnwgkargarEdlmin
Føab;eFVImkBImunCaeRcIneTot EdllT§plénkargarenaH nwgecjmkedayl¥ b¤ minl¥
CaBiesskargarCa«BukmþayGñkdéT kUnEdlekItmkenAminTan;BwgBak;xøÜnÉg)aneT
manerOgEdlkUnRtUvBwgBak;«BukmþayCaeRcIn RKan;EteFVIy:agNa[kUnFMeLIg GacBwg
Bak;elIxøÜnÉg)anb:ueNÑaH k¾RtUvGaRs½yelIcMeNHdwg smtßPaB nigGMeBIl¥sBVy:ag
EdlxøÜnÉgman .
ehtudUecñaH GñkEdlKiterobkaredaysgÇwmfanwgBwgBak;GñkdéT cat;CaesckþI
sgÇwmxus eRBaHKitmindl;fa erOgEdlGñkdéTRtUvBwgBak;elIeyIgenaHmaneRcInCa
erOgEdleyIgRtUvBwgBak;elIGñkdéT .

23
karBwgBak;xøÜnÉg
GñkEdlBwgBak;xøÜnÉg)an KW GñkEdlmancMeNHdwg smtßPaB nig GMeBIl¥Ca
TIBwg[dl;xøÜnÉg)an niyayedaysegçb GñkenaHRtUvEtman XravasFm’ 4 y:ag
GñkmanXravasFm’ EtgmannisS½y 4 y:agRbcaMxøÜn
mYy CamnusSmannisS½yTTYlxusRtUv KW ebIeFVIGVImYy RtUvEteFVI[)anl¥bMput
TaMgKuNPaB eBlevla fvika nigkarfñmcitþGñkdéT .
BIr CamnusSRsLaj;
SRsLajkarhat;
;karhat
karhatBt;
;Bt
Btlt;
;lt
ltd; MxøÜnÉg KW sikSaRsavRCavcMeNHviC¢aepSg²
edIm,IykmkGPiv½DÆcMeNHdwg smtßPaB nigGMeBIl¥rbs;xøÜnÉg[ceRmInlUtlas;Canic©.
bI CamnusSmannisS½yrwgbwugGt;
GtFµ;Ftµ s‘;sUR‘ TaM KW ebIeFVIGVImYyehIy k¾s‘URTaMnwg]bsKÁ
epSg²)an Tal;EtkargarseRmceCaKC½y eTaHbICaGakasFatuminGMeNaypl Cm¶W
QWfáat;ebotebon esckþIfñaMgfñak;rvagGñkeFVIkarCamYyKña b¤sUm,IEteRKOgGRgÜncitþ[
Qøk;vegVgBi)aknwgkarTb;Tl;citþxøÜnÉgk¾eday k¾Gacs‘URTaM)anEdr .
bYn CamnusSmannisS½ylHbg;
lHbg mineXIjEtRbeyaCn_pÞal;xøÜn KW CamnusSEdl
eFVIGVImYyehIy KitKUrdl;degðImrs;rbs;smUhPaBeRcInCaRbeyaCn_pÞal;xøÜn suxcitþ
lHbg;rbs;xøÜn[dl;GñkdéT EdlcaM)ac;CagkarlHbg;esckþIRsNuksuxRsYlmkemIl
EfkargarEdlsmaCikkñúgRKYsarmincg;TTYlxusRtUv karlHbg;GarmµN_GviC¢man cMeBaH
GñkdéTecal edIm,IrkSabriyakaskñúgpÞH[)anl¥ GVITaMgGs;enHRtUvEtlHbg;
GtþTtßPaBedIm,IbrTtßPaBTaMgGs; ehIyRtUvEtmanCab;mknwgxøÜntaMgEtBIkalenACa
mYy«BukmþaymkemøH BuMenaHeT minGacCaTIBwg[dl;GñkdéT)aneT .
GñkEdlmanXravasFm’ b¤ nisS½yl¥² TaMg 4 RbkarenHb:ueNÑaH eTIbGacCa
TIBwg[xøÜnÉg)an CaesckþInwksgÇwmrbs;GñkdéT)an nig CacnÞl;rbs;RKYsar)an
xusGMBIenH KµanmeFüa)ayNaGaceFVI)aneT .

24
s¥at 4 kRmit
dUntabeRgon[ecHBwgBak;xøÜnÉg ehIyk¾beRgonteTAeTotfa ebIGñkNaham
Xat;citþxøÜnÉgkñúgkarmanKURKgmin)aneT RtUvEtecHeRCIserIsrkGñkNamñak;mkCa«Buk
Camþayrbs;kUnxøÜnpg
CaFmµCatirbs;mnusSeyIgeRcInEtkat;esckþImnusSEtsMbkeRkA minsIuCeRmAdl;
sRms;Rss;s¥atxagkñúgcitþeLIy b:uEnþdUntabeRgon[eyIgemIlrhUtdl;RsTab;kñúgKW
sRms;Rss;s¥atrbs;mnusS EckCa 4 kRmit KW
kRmitTI 1 s¥ateRKOgRbdab;
teRKOgRbdab; KW s¥atedaysareRKOgEtgxøÜn eRKOgEtgmux
labmat; karTuksÞIlsk; BN’semøokbMBak; eTAtamsm½yniym s¥atEbbenH Cas¥at
RsTab;eRkA minyUrb:unµank¾hYssm½yGs;RbCaRbiyPaB CasRms;EdlGacrkTij b¤
x©IKña)an .
kRmitTI 2 s¥atkay KW s¥atedayragerA BN’sm,úr Twkmux sÞIlsk;
Rmaméd .l. CasRms;RbcaMkayrbs;mnusSmñak;² x©IKñamin)an b:uEnþtaMgenAminyUr
GEgVg manEtcas;RTuDeRTameTAtamv½y TaMgminmaneKalFanar:ab;r:gfa GñkenaH
CamnusSl¥ b¤minl¥eTotpg .
kRmitTI 3 s¥atmaryaT KW s¥atedaykiriyavacakñúgkareFVIxøÜn[smrmü nwg
buKÁldéT dUcCa CamnusSecHdak;xøÜn»nlMeTan mansmµaKarv³ niyayBieraHEp¥mElðm
jjwmjEjmRss;Rsay cgqVak;Tak;citþGñkdéT)anedaygay pÞúyeTAvij ebImaryaT
TaMgenHmin)anecjmkBITwkcitþesµaHseT vakøayeTACaGMeBIButt,út bnøMEPñkGñkdéT
smdUcBakücas;fa mat; matl¥;l¥ citþl¥k; b¤cicti þCaeTvTtþ mat;
matCaeTvta
;CaeTvta b¤mat;
matEp¥
mat ;Ep¥m citþp¥Úm .
kRmitTI 4 s¥atcitþ KW s¥atedayGMeBIl¥EdlmanRbcaMcitþ EdlsEmþgecj
mktamry³karTTYlxusRtUvkñúgEpñkepSg² EdleKmanenARbcaMxøÜnedaysegátkar
TTYlxusRtUvrbs;eK)antamry³erOgCamUldæan 3 y:ag enH KW
1> kareRbIR)as;
asbc©
;bc©½y 4
2> kic©vtþRbcaMéf¶
25
 3> kargarEdlxøÜnÉgeFVI
karsegátmnusStamry³ 3 erOgenH CasUcnakrbgðajfa eyIgmannisS½y
TTYlxusRtUv b¤ rayBay mnusSEdlmanTMnYlxusRtUvb:ueNÑaH eTIbCamnusSmancitþs¥at
s¥MedaysIlFm’ CaBiessGñkEdlmanXravasFm’ Rbkbedaysc©³ Tm³ xnþI caK³
CaFm’RbcaMcitþrbs;CnenaH .
karEdlcab;citþRsLaj;nwgGñkNamñak; smøwgemIlEts¥ateRKOgRbdab; s¥at
kay s¥atmaryaTmin)aneLIy eRBaHCIviteRkayeBlerobkar GVIEdlRtUveRbIkñúgkar
rs;enACamYyKñaCaRKYsar KW sIlFm’RbcaMcitþ EdlsEmþgecjmkBIlkçN³nisS½yl¥²
RbcaMxøÜn CaeKalkarN_sMxan;bMputkñúgkarRKb;RKgpÞHsEm,g.

sar³sMxan;rbs;TIRbwkSaerOgKUCIvit
kalebIsRms;Rss;s¥atrbs;mnusSman 4 kRmit b:uEnþkRmitEdlBi)akemIl
CaTIbMput KW s¥atcitþKMKN
M it eRBaHCaerOgrbs;sIlFm’EdlEGbenAkñúgxøÜnénbuKÁlmñak;²
karEdlnwgsegát[eXIj)an RtUvEtBwgBak;elIGñkEdlmanbTBiesaFn_CIvitRKYsarmk
BImun niyay[RsYlsþab; KW karksagRKYsarfµI RtUvEtman RKU b¤ PIelog Gñkpþl;
Gnusasn_ rW BaküENnaMGMBIRKYsar .
sm½ybUraN RbsinebIGñkNamñak;KitnwgerobkarmanKURKg RtUvEtmankarEtg
taMg emGeNþIk ¬GñkEccUv¦ [eTAsþIdNþwg sUm,IEtsm½yenHk¾enAmanEdr b:uEnþGñkEdl
yl;Gtßn½y nigmuxgarrbs;emGeNþIky:agBitR)akdenaHminsUvmanmnusSyl;dwgeT .
emGeNþIk sMedAdl; GñkmanKuNFm’eRcInrhU rhUtdl;
dleKÉgTTY
;eKÉgTTYlsÁal;l; GñkEdl
nwgmkCaemGeNþIk)an BitNas;fa GñkenaHRtUvEtmanKuNFm’eRcIn rhUtdl;eKÉg
TTYlsÁal; nigkarEdlemGeNþIkmanKuNFm’eRcInmk)an k¾eRBaHkarerobkarrbs;Kat;
RbkbedayGgÁFatusRmab;enAkarRKb;RKgpÞH 4 y:agRKb;bribUr KW

26
 1¦ Kat;RtUvmanXravasFm’enAkñúgxøÜneRcIn mindUecñaHeTKat;minGacCaBMnak;dl;
xøÜnÉg nig RKYsar)aneT .
2¦ Kat;RtUvecHemIlnisS½ymnusS edaysegátbuKÁlenaHtamry³kareRbIR)as;
bc©½y 4 kic©karRbcaMéf¶ kargarEdlTTYlxusRtUv miindUecñaHeT Kat;c,as;CaminGacerIs
KURskrEdlsmrmünwgxøÜnÉg nigmanKuNFm’eRcInTal;EteKÉgkñúgRKYsarTTYlsÁal;
eKarBrab;GanKat; nig KUCIvitrbs;Kat;edayeBjcitþ)aneT .
3¦ Kat;RtUvmanRKUCIvitb¤PIelogd¾l¥caMpþl;Gnusasn_kñúgkarenARKb;RKgpÞH kar
RbdugRbCaCIvitRKYsarmkBImun BuMenaHesateT Kat;Kg;minGacRKb;RKgCIvitKU)anyUr
lg;dUecñHeLIy .
4¦ Kat;RtUvEtCaGñkhat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜnÉg Tal;EtGacelIkkRmitsIlFm’kñúgcitþ
[x<s;RtEdteLIgtamlMdab; BuMenaHesateT Kat;Kg;minmancMeNHdwg smtßPaB nig
GMeBIl¥mkTTYlxus RtUvtYnaTIkargarepSg² eRkayCIviterobkar EdlCaerOgcm,g TaMg
RtUvRKb;RKgxøÜnÉg nig RtUvfñak;fñmcitþmnusSCaeRcIn RbsinebIkRmitsIlFm’enAkñúgcitþ
minRKb;RKan;eT CaBiess karmanemtþa nigkarmanTwkcitþlHbg;edIm,IRbeyaCn_rYm
Kat;muxCaminGaceRCamERCgRKYsar nigvgSRtkUl)aneT nig QaneCIgedIrmkdl;cMNuc
EdlsgÁmTTYlsÁal;)an .
karEdlKat;manKuNFm’eRcIn GacCabegÁalsRmab;kUnecA sac;saelahit)an
eRBaHKat;hat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜnÉg nig sagRKYsarelImUldæanénGgÁFatu 4RbkarenHÉg .
eRBaHehtuenaH karenARKb;RKgpÞH nig karrkSaesckþIRsLaj; caM)ac;RtUvEtman
TIRbwkSapþl;BaküENnaMtaMgBIkareRCIserIsKURKgEdlsmrmü kareFVImuxgarrbs;sVamI
Priyad¾l¥ kareFVItYnaTICakUnRbsarRbusRsId¾l¥ kareFVItYnaTICa«Bukmþayd¾l¥cMeBaHkUn
kareFVItYnaTICajati EdlKb,IRbtibtþicMeBaHjatibgb¥Únrbs;PaKITaMgsgxag[)anl¥
kareFVItYnaTIEpñksmµaCIBmuxrbrRtwmRtUv nigtYnaTICaeRcIneTot EdlRtUvmankñúgkarcUl
rYmkñúgsgÁm .

27
 GVITaMgGs;enH RtUvEtmancas;TuMCYyENnaMbgðajpøÚv[RtwmRtUv CIvitRKYsareTIb
rs;enAsuxdmürmnarYmKñaeTA)anedayrlUnrabTab . ehtuenaH karenARKgpÞH b¤ RKg
esñh_minGacxVHcas;TuM KW GñkmanKuNFm’x<s;caMCYyCaTIRbwkSa ENnaM nig dusxat;
nisS½yrbs;GñkTaMg 2 )aneT ebIxVHxatkalNa kareRCamERCgRKYsarnwgedIrxus
TisedAkalenaHÉg .

Fm’Edldusxat;citþ[s¥at
eRkayBIeyIgyl;dwgdl;GgÁFatuTaMg 3 cMNucxagedImehIy CIvitRKYsark¾edIr
mkdl;cMNucEdlRtUvelIkkRmitsIlFm’enAkñúgcitþ[x<s;eLIg nig x¢ab;x¢Ün rwgmaMeLIg
eRBaHebIsVamIPriyaxVHsIlFm’kñúgkarrs;enArYmKña minGaceFVI[esckþIRsLaj;Edlman
cMeBaHKñasßitesßryUrGEgVg)aneT BIeRBaHebHdUgrbs;RKYsar sßitenARtg;sIlFm’CaeKal
RbcaMcitþrbs;sVamIPriyaenaHÉg .
eBlmunerobkar CakMLúgeBlEdleyIgRtUvhat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜn[CamnusSEdlBwg
Bak;elIxøÜnÉg)an dUnta)anykXravasFm’mkCalMhat;dl;eyIg luHerobkarman
RKYsarehIy k¾enAEthVwkhat;XravasFm’[x<s;RtEdteLIg KuNFm’kñúgXravasFm’
EdleRbIjwkjab;bMput nigmanplb:HBal;dl;karywteyagCIvitKUeRcInbMput KW xnþI nig
caK³
caK³ .
b:uEnþ xnþI kñúgdMNak;kaleRkayerobkarenH CakarelIkkRmitxnþIEdlsgát;F¶n;eTA
elIerOgTak;TgnwgGMNt;Gt;Fµt;cMeBaHkarb:HTgÁicKña niyay[gaysþab; KW RtUvGt;Fµt;
nwgcMNucGn;rbs;GñkdéT[)an eRBaHsßanPaBEdlenArYmKña eRkayeBlerobkar man
tYnaTI nig kargarEdlKb,ITTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHKURKg nig karseRgÁaHjatiCitxag Ca
eRcIneTotEdlRtUvemIlEf TaMgEdlRtUvs‘URTaMnwgmnusSCaeRcInkñúgRtkUlrbs;GñkTaMg
sgxag[)an karGt;Fµt;Rtg;cMNucenHRtUvbgÁab;bBa¢afa Kb,IelIkkRmitGMNt;Gt;
Fµt;[x<s;CamunCaeRcIndg eTIbGaceRCamERCgxøÜnÉg nig RKYsar[qøgeRtIyeTA)an .

28
 GñkEdldwgxøÜnÉgfahamXat;cMNg;cg;erobkarmin)an
RtUvEtsagGgÁFatu 4 y:agenH [ekIteLIgsinedIm,ICa
TMnb;;Tb;CIviterobkar[taMgenAyUrGEgVg KW
1> RtUvEtBwgxøÜnÉg[)ansin
2> RtUvmaneKalkarN_erIsykmnusSmkCaKURKg
3> RtUvmanPIelogkñúgkarywteyagKUCIvit
4> RtUvecHduHxat;citþ[s¥at

É caK³
caK³ k¾dUcKñaEdr eRkayeBlerobkarehIy CakarelIkkRmitcaK³[kan;Et
cas;køaeLIg edaysgát;F¶n;eTAelIerOgkarlHbg;GarmµN_RseBanecjBIcitþ KW kareFVIcitþ
[s¶b; niyay[gayyl; KW xMGgÁúysmaFi edIm,Ikm©at;citm< YhµgEdlekItGMBIkar
b:HTgÁicKñakñúgRKYsarecj[Gs; eRBaHeTaHbIebIeyIgmincUlcitþGñkxøHkñúgRKYsarrbs;
PaKImYyk¾eday b:uEnþeyIgk¾RtUvEtrs;enArYmKña[)an kuMbENþtbeNþay[køayCakar
cgkMhwgdak;Kña RtUvEtrlas;ecalnUvGarmµN_RseBanenaH minbeNþay[knøghYsmYy
em:ageLIy xøacERkgkøayCakarcgkmµeBorevranwgKñaminecHcb; .
caK³
caK³ kñúgkRmiténkarlHbg;GarmµN_GviC¢manxagkñúgcitþenH manBaküxag
RBHBuT§sasna ehAmüa:geTotfa esarc©³ CRmHcitþ[s¶b;es¶om .
ehtuenaH kalebIniyayeGaycMeTAkñúgerOgénkardusxat;citþ edaydUntaeyIg
eRcInEtniyaycMeBaHEt xnþI nig esarc©³ mkCaFm’KUnigKña sRmab;dusxat;citþ[s¥at
CakarBRgYj XravasFm’ [enAsl;RtwmEtkarRKb;RKgcitþ .
29
 mnusSeyIg kalebIxøÜnRtUvGt;Fµt; k¾RtUvEtxMeFVIcitþ[s¶b;edayGMNt;Gt;Fµt;enaH
manGakar³kñúglkçN³dUcCaPñMePøIgjat;ENnenAxagkñúg sUm,IebIs‘URTaMswgmiin)ank¾eday
b:uEnþk¾s‘URTaMTal;Et)an .
É esarc©³ CakarrMlt;regIkekþAgMeRtomnwgpÞúHrbs;PñMePøIgxagkñúg[RtCak; eday
riHrk])ayepSg²kñúgkarrm¶ab;citþ Edlminman])ayNahYsBIkarkat;citþecj BIerOg
sµúKsµajedaykarbiTEPñkceRmInPavna lHElgecalesckþIl¥k;kkr minKit minxVl;
dl;erOgb:HTgÁicknøgmk .
mnusSeyIg kalebIcitþs¶b;ehIy k¾mincaM)ac;RtUvGt;Fn;GVIeLIy kiriyavaca
EdlsEmþgecjmk k¾rEmgs¶b;es¶omeTAtamEdr bIdUcCaKµanGVIekIteLIgkalebIdUecñH
GñkNaEdl)ancUlCit k¾manGarmµN_RtCak;citþ eRBaHcUldl;citþEdls¥ats¥M)aneday
esckþIs¶b;s¶at;CaRbRktI esckþIs¶b;s¶at;rbs;citþEdlpSayecjmkkan;xageRkAenHÉg
EtgQñHcitþrbs;GñkpgTaMgBYg .
ehtuenaH karelIkkRmitsIlFm’kñúgcitþ[x<s;eLIg)an RtUvGaRs½yelIKuNFm’
2 RbkarenH CasMxan; KW xnþI nig esarc©³ Fm’Edldusxat;citþ[s¥at .

KafakarBarkarElglH
kalebIeyIgsikSamkdl;Rtg;cMNucenH GVIEdldUntaemIlteTAeTot KWfa etIeFVI
y:agNaeTIb xnþI nig esarc©³ duHlUtlas;kñúgcitþ)an ehIyelakk¾ykeKalFm’Qut
enHmkbBaØtþCaBakü]bmakñúgpÞÚvRbtibtþiTukCaKafa 4 Rbkar dUecñH KW
KafaTI 1 EPñkdUcCaEPñkeQI
KafaTI 2 RtecokdUcCaRtecokxÞ
CaRtecokxÞH
KafaTI 3 kaydUcCaRkNat;
CaRkNatCU;CtU eCIg
KafaTI 4 citþdUcCaEpndI

30
 karEdldUntaGacykGVI²enACuMvijxøÜneyIgmkBnül;CaFm’edIm,ICalMhat;kñúgkar
dusxat;citþ[s¥ats¥MedayesckþIs¶b;es¶om)anenH sEmþg[eXIjfa sIlFm’kñúgcitþ
rbs;elakmansPaBx<g;x<s;Nas; edayelakBnül;ehtuplénesckþI]bmaenaH
dUecñHfa
1¦ EPñkdUcCaEPñkeQI sMedAyk karerIsemIlEtGVI² EdlKYremIl
minemIlGVIEdlmiinKYremIl EdlCaehtueFVI[citþekþARkhay mincaMEteRbIEPñkeTAQøb
emIlnayGay edIm,Irkcab;kMhusxusxUcekþARkhayrbs;GñkdéT ykmkniyayninÞa
kM)aMgmuxy:ag RsNukmat;eLIy eRBaHnaM[citþsnSMykTukEterOgekþARkhay ehIy
k¾minecHKitKn;GVI² Edll¥manRbeyaCn_cMeBaHCIvit .
dUntaelIkyk]bmaenHmkBIkaremIleXIj beg¥ag
beg¥ag )andl; bJsSIéRBkat;Exñg[EvglµmnwgeCIgQanCan;eLIgeTA)an sRmab;
BatBak;eLIgedImeQICMnYsCeNþIr RbsinebIedImeQIx<s;eBk k¾ykbJsSICaeRcInedImcg
t² KñaeLIgeTA GñkRsukEdlrs;enAEk,rRCMetñat Etgdwgc,as;GMBIRbeyaCn_rbs;beg¥ag
fa GaceRbICaCeNþIrsRmab;Can;eLIgedImetñatx<s;² )an .
kareFVIbeg¥ag GñkRsuknwgkat;edImbJsSIEvg²ykmk b:uEnþminlYsEPñkbJsSI
ecjeT kat;ExñgbJsSI[enAsl;xøI² RbEvgRbEhlmYycMGamrhUtTaMgedImedIm,IeRbI
dUcCakaMCeNþIrCan;eLIgeTA ehtuenaH EPñkbJsSI eTIbRtUvEtCarbs;rwgmaMNas; mindUecñaH
eT miinGacTTYlTm¶n;mnusSEdlsYeLIgeTA)aneT .
eBlGñkRsukeLIgedImetñat k¾ykbeg¥agmkBatBak;nwgedImetñat b¤ cgP¢ab;nwg
edImetñatCan;ExñgbJsSIeLIgeTAdl;kMBUletñat ebICaedImetñateQµal k¾citpáaetñatyk
bMBg;bJsSIRtgTwkEp¥mmkeFVICasáretñat ebICaedImetñatjI k¾ebHEpøetñatmkKab ykTwk
cMENkÉEpøetñatpSMnigemSAeFVICanMetñatlk;k¾)an .
dUntamancitþdk;Cab;kñúgeKalFm’ eTIbemIleXIjfa ebHdUgsMxan;rbs;beg¥ag
enARtg;EPñkbJsSI kan;EtmanPaBmaMmYnl¥eRcInb:unNa suvtßiPaBkñúgkarsYeLIgeTAyk
vtßúFatuedImepSg² elIcugetñatmkeFVIRbeyaCn_k¾maneRcInb:uneNaH .
31
 EPñkmnusSeyIgk¾dUcKñaEdr RtUvhat;eFVIEPñk[dUcCaEPñkbJsSI eRBaHebHdUgsMxan;
énkaremIleXIj KW EkvEPñkrbs; rbseyI
;eyIg GVIEdlminKYremIl kuMeTAemIleLIy kuMedIreTA
ey
QøbemIl erOgGñkepSgeRcIneBk mincab; cabeTasGU
;eTasGUsdMeNIrnwgGñkNamYy b¤ eTAeFVIEPñk
edogdgdak;
edogdgdakGñ;Gkñ epSg eRBaHkøayCakarnaMykerOgekþAEPñkekþAcitþcUlmk kñúgpÞH .
GñkEdlRKb;RKgEPñkxøÜnÉg)any:agenH citþEtgs¶b;CaeRcIneTot ehIymansti
enACab;nwgxøÜnCanic© eBlKitGVI k¾Kit)anEterOgl¥² BaküsMdIEdleRbIkñúgpÞH manEterOg
naMmknUvesckþIceRmIneCOnelOnxagpøÚvcitþ[dl;KñaeTAvijeTAmk .
GñkNaEdlsRmYmEPñk)antamEdldUntaENnaMenH EtgmanCMnajkñúgkaremIl
rkcab;RtUv minemIlrkcab;kMhusKitGaRkk;kñúgpøÚvNamYyeLIy TaMgminsagbBaðasµn;
Gn§kreTotpg esµInwgkarmaneRkaHkarBarkarb:HTgÁicpøÚvEPñk nigGbsÞbcitþ[RtCak;
s¶b;CaRbRktI .
ehtudUecñaH karRKb;RKgcitþ[s¶b;s¶at;tamry³EPñk edaykarhat;eFVIEPñk[
dUcCaEPñkeQI eTIbCakarelIkkRmitcitþ[s¥ats¥M CaKafakarBarkarElglHKñ
CaKafakarBarkarElglHKñaCa
fñak;kTI;TI 1 .
2¦ RtecokdUcCaRtecokxÞH sMedAyk karerIssþab;bGI;GVEdlKY
IEdlKYrsþab;b; minEmneRbI
RtecokeTAcaMtamdanerOgr:avekþARkhayxUckacrbs;GñkdéTeLIy b¤ caMcab;eTasGUs
dMeNIrfa manGñkNalYcniyayedImxageRkayxøH b¤ ebIGñkNaniyaymYlbgáac;eK
[sþab; k¾minRtecokseCOeKgay KYrRtiHriHBicarNa[)anhµt;ct; sþab;eKsþab;Ég
ebIeXIjfaKµanRbeyaCn_ k¾Rbjab;bþÚrsac;erOgsnÞna BuMenaHesateT eRkAEtBIxøÜneyIg
køayCamnusSeqatl¶g;Gb,BaØa ehIyEfmTaMgedayCab;nisS½ycUlcitþcab;eTasGUs
dMeNIreKÉgeTotpg Edlcat;TukCaeTascMeBaHkarbegáInKuNFm’GMeBIl¥rbs;xøÜnÉg .
dUntaeyIg elakmincg;[kUnecAeqatl¶g;Gb,BaØaeT mYyéf¶² mincab;eq<aHRtg;
NaCaduMkMPYneT rvl;EtKitepÞogRtecokcaMcab;kMhuseKÉg ebIy:agenHKµanpøÚvNa
nwgrIkceRmInCadac;xat elaketOnrMlwkedayesckþI]bmafa RtecokdUcCaxÞ CaxÞH KW

32
[ecHerIssþsþab;bEtGV
;EtGVIEdlmanRbeyaCn
dlmanRbeyaCn_
RbeyaCnedI_edIm,IbegáItcMeNHdwg nig GMeBIl¥kñúgcitþrbs;
bsxø;xÜnø
Ég .
eBleyIgcUlpÞH)ay eyIgemIleXIjy:agc,as;fa tYnaTIrbs;RtecokxÞH man
sRmab;yYr b¤ BüÜr KuNtémørbs;RtecokxÞHsßitenARtg;kareFVIRtUvtYnaTIrbs;va Rtecok
mnusSk¾dUcKñaEdr minEmnmansRmab;sþab;erOgninÞaeKÉgeT eRBaHesckþIekþARkhay
xUcxatrbs;GñkdéT min)anmancMENkeFVI[eyIgrIkceRmIneLIgeLIy .
RtecokmnusSeyIgmansRmab;erIssþab;GVIEdlbgábegáItstibBaØa nig KuNFm’
GMeBIl¥[dl;xøÜnÉg enHÉgehAfa eRbIRtecokRtUvtamtYnaTI .
eRBaHehtuenaH enAeBllWGVIcUlRtecok RtUvBicarNaerIssþab;[)anl¥ ebI)an
lWehIy minsmrmü RtUvecHeFVIRtecokxøÜnÉg[CaRtecokxÞHxøH erOgKµan)anCakarrbs;
GñkéTnwgminmkqaeqA rMxancitþ .
GñkxøHRtUv)aneKniyayedIm Kab;CYnxøÜnÉgedIreTAsþab;lW k¾xwgeqHduMcg;kab;
smøab;eKÉg EdlRbsinebIeyIgecHeFVIRtecok[CaRtecokxÞHxøHeTA c,as;CaGs;erOg
Gs;r:aveTAminxan erOgninÞak¾køayCaerOgpÁrlan;\tePøogeTA .
b¤ ebIeKlYceCreyIgkM)aMgmux eyIgedIreTAsþab;lW eyIgkuMykmkCaGarmµN_
eKeCrk¾eCreTA ebIeyIgmiinykBaküeCrenaHmkdak;kñúgcitþ BaküeCrenaHk¾RtLb;eTA
rkxøÜneKenaHvij eRBaHeKeCr eKk¾lWmñak;Ég .
dUntadas;etOnteTAeTotfa eyIgRtUveKeCr ehIyminxwg kuMGalKitfaxøÜnÉg
RKan;ebI GñkEdlRKan;ebICagenaH KW GñkNamYyRtUveKsresIrehIyminjjwm enAes¶om
Rsmwm BicarNafa ehtuGI)anCaeKsresIrGj karEdleKsresIrhñwg sresIrRtUvb¤
xus GñkenHÉg KWCa mnusSRKan;ebIEmnETn .
mnusSCaTUeTARKan;EtlWBaküeKsresIrehIy Gt;jjwmmin)an CaBiess RsþI
eRBaHfa RsþIenAeBlRtUveKsresIrehIy k¾Gt;jjwmjEjmmin)an sUm,IeTAenACamYyeK
k¾suxcitþEdr GBa©wgÉgeTIb)ankUnmYyetAecAmYyfaMg RKan;EtlWBaküsresIrfa GUn
s¥atEmn k¾suxcitþeTAbegáItkUn[eKCaeRcIn pÞúyeTAvij ebIRtUveKsresIrehIyenA
33
RBegIy)anc,as;CaenAsuxsb,ay eBlenHmiin)ac;mkQWk,alvilmuxerOgbþIk,t;citþ
GVITaMgGs; .
eRBaHehtuenaH GñkEdlBUEkEmnETn KW GñkEdlecHerIssþab;GVIEdlKYrsþab; nig
minsþab; GVVIEdlminKYrsþab; citþrbs;eKeTIbs¶b;s¶at; .
dUecñH GñkEdlecHRKb;RKgcitþedaykarhat;Rtecok Rtecok[
Rtec ok[dUcCaRtecokxÞHxøH Etg
mancitþs¶b;RtCak; esµInwgkarelIkkRmitsRms;rbs;citþ[x<s;RtEdteLIgmYykRmit
eTot enHÉg CaKafakarBarkarElglHKñ
CaKafakarBarkarElglHKñaCafñak;kTI;TI 2 .
3¦ kaydUcCaRkNat;
CaRkNatCU;CtU eCIg sMedAyk karerobrbeFVIGMeBIeBIl¥yagykCI :agykCIvit
eTAbUCaedaysu
aedaysucritkay vaca citþ edaymiinRbkan; RbkanTi;Tdi æiman³
an³NanImYy nig KµanlkçxNÐ
kñúgkareFVIGMeBIl¥.
dUntaykesckþI]bmakaydUcCaRkNat;CUteCIgmkbeRgoneyIgenH eRBaHelak
cg;etOnrMlwk[yl;nigKitfa mnusSeyIgeTaHeFVIkargarGVIk¾eday RtUvEtCakargar
sucrit ebIdwgfa CakargarsucritehIy RtUveFVIkargarenaH edayeBjkmøaMgcMeNHdw NHdwg
smtßPaB nig GMeBIl¥ minCamnu
CamnusSRbkan;
SRbkanxø;xÜnø Rbkan;
RbkanR; )aN minxøackarlM)ak ykCIvit
eTAbþ
eTAbþÚr bMeBjkargarenaH[)
BjkargarenaH[)anl¥
[)anl¥bMput .
dUntaEdltaMgcitþhat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜnÉgmkedayeKalkarN_enH eBlelak
dMNaldl;Rbvtþirbs;xøÜnÉg sMdIsMedArbs;elak eBareBjeTAedayemaTnPaBCaxøaMg .
]TahrN_dUcCa eBlKat;RbedAkUnecAGMBIsucrit t,itmYyCIvitKat;eFVIGVImanEt
sucritpøÚvcitþCaerogrhUtmk eBlRbedAkUnecA Kat;Etgniyayy:ageBjRkGUmmat;fa
{taMgBIekµgmk ebIdl;leBlEdleyI
;eBlEdleyIgRtUveTAsIuQñÜlcak; cakkenß
;kenßar lagkenßar
k¾suxcitþEdr eRBaHCaGaCIBbrisuT§ b:buE: nþ[eTAqk;
eTAqklY;lcY eK mineFVICadac;
adacxat
;xat eFVIkay[
ay[dUc
CaRkNat;
CaRkNatCU;CtU eCIg GñkNaexakt
Naexakt,ky: kyagNa
:agNa k¾suxcitþEdr [Et) Et)anGaCIBsucrit
buE: nþ[eTAéKbnøM qe)
qe)akeK mineFVICadac;
Cadacxat
Cadac ;xat }
karRbkbmuxrbrciBa©wmsmaCikkñúgRKYsar CakargarF¶n;F¶rNas; eRBaHmYyeBl²
knøgeTA RtUvcayvayluykak;Edlrkmk)anedayesckþIlM)ak luHdl;eBleFVIkar
34
k¾]TÞisCIvit nigcitþKMnit minrG‘UrTaM minmanGKtinwgGñkNamYy taMgcitþeFVIkarrkluy
mkedaysucrit manEtemaTnPaB nwgxøÜnÉgEdlGacciBa©wmRKYsaredaykmøaMgejIs
Qamd¾sucrit)an KµanGVIEdltiHedolxøÜnÉg CaxageRkay .
esckþIs¶b;citþEdlekItBIkarRbkbGaCIBsucritenH eTaHbICaGñkdéTemIleXIjfa
CaGaCIBtUcTabk¾eday k¾KµanGVIEdlRtUvxµas;eGoneLIy manEtemaTnPaBkñúgGaCIB
sucritrbs;xøÜneRbobdUcCaRkNat;CUteCIgEdleFVImuxgarkm©at;PaBkxVk;ecjBI)ateCIg
minrG‘UrTaM minex<ImreGIm minlMeGognwgGñkNamYy GñkEdleFVIcitþ[s¶b;dl;fñak;yk
esckþIesµaHRtg;sucritCaeKal minRbkan;xøÜneLIy eTaHbImanGaCIBtUcTabk¾eday
k¾kUnecAGac
ecAGacRkabsM
GacRkabsMBH)H)anedayTwkcitþesµaHsr Hsr .
eRBaHehtuenaH buKÁlEdltaMgcitþeFVIGMeBIl¥ RbkbGaCIBedaysucrit eFVIkay
[dUcCaRkNat;CUteCIg)an citþmanEtceRmIns¶b;RtCak;RtCuM minRcENnQñanIsGñkdéT
manEtKuNFm’ enAxagkñúgkan;Etx<s;RtEdteLIgGackøayCaKMrUl¥[kUnecA)any:ag
RbesIr smaCikRKYsarmanEtesckþIsuxesamnsSEdlxøÜnekItmkkñúgRtkUlmansucrit
CaTItaMg .
ehtuenaH GñkEdltaMgcitþeFVIGMeBIl¥ RbkbGaCIBedaysucrit minRbkan;xøÜnkñúg
kareFVIGMeBIl¥ hat;Bt;lt;dMkayrbs;xøÜnmin[manlkçx½NÐ kñúgkareFVIGMeBIl¥bIdUcCa
RkNat;CUteCIg)an dUecñHmanEtcitþs¶b;xagkñúgCaemaTnPaBrbs;KUCIvit nigCabuKÁlKMrU
rbs;kUnecA)an enHCaKafakarBarkarElglHKñaCaTIfñak;TI 3 .
4¦ citþbIdUcCaEpndI sMedAyk karrkSacitþ[x¢ab;bx¢;xÜn¢ mYnmaMkñúgkareFVIGeBIl¥
eday\
eday\tlkçxN ½ Ð nig minexVIkrMeBIkcMeBaH]
BaH]bsKÁNa²a² TaMgGs;
Gs; .
dUntaelIkykFm’enHmk k¾eRBaHEtelakRCÜtRCabkñúgcitþy:agc,as;fa kñúgCIvit
mnusSeyIg fVIebItaMgcitþeFVIGMeBIl¥edayeBjcMeNHdwg eBjsmtßPaBEdlxøÜnmanehIy
k¾eday b:uEnþeBlxøHRtUvCYbRbTHnwgbBaðaF¶n;F¶rGs;nwgGt;RTaM)an b:uEnþcaM)ac;RtUvEt
s‘URTaM[Tal;Et)an niyay[RsYlsþab; KWfa eTaHRTaMmin)an k¾RtUvEtRTaM[)anEdr .

35
 edaysarkarBitenHÉg eTaHbICYbRbTHnwgGVIEdlKab;citþ b¤ minKab;citþk¾eday
kalebIekItCamnusSehIy RtUvEthat;eFVIcitþ[s¶b; minjab;j½reTAnwgesckþImineTog
Tat;rbs;CIvit ecHtaMgstisµartI[dUcCaEpndIEdlmaMmYn minjab;j½rnwgrbs;RkGUb b¤
rbs;s¥úyEdleKCHecaleTAelIdUecñaHÉg .
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;Rtas;dl;sar³sMxan;énkarrkSacitþ[x¢ab;x¢ÜnmYnmaMdUcCa
EpndInwgRBHrahul fa
{ EpndIenH eTaHCaGñkNaykTwkRkGUbeTAeRsacRsB vaeRtkGreT ? mineRtk
GreT vaeFVIRBegIy ykrbs;ykrbss¥;súy¥ eTAeRsacRsB vak¾minGak;
GakGn;
;Gnci;cti þEdr
Gn Edr vaeFVIRBegIy }
{rahul>>>elakcU
>>>elakcUreFVIcitþ[)any
[)any:
[)anyagenH
:agenH GñkNamkeFVIGVI elakkuMeTArkerOg
age
rkr:
rkravnw
:avnwgeK taMgcitþRbtibtþFm’
iFm’eTA minyUreT elaknwgGs;
GsenAki
;enA
enAkielsCak
lsCak;
CakCami
;CaCaminxan}
xan}
hñwgsEmþg[eXIjfa kan;EtrgTukçbu:nNa kan;EteFVIcitþ[s¶b;maMmYnb:uneNaH
ebIeyIgmancitþs¶b; TukçeRcInb:unNa k¾minGacdutcitþ[rlayeTA)anEdr .
pÞúyeTAvij kan;Etesaysuxb:unNa k¾kan;EteFVIcitþ[s¶b;bu:neNaHEdr kuMGrRCul
eBk Tal;EtkøayCaGñkePøcxøÜn nwksµanfaRKan;ebICageKÉg .
eRBaHehtuenaH kñúgRKamanTukç nigRKamansuxeRcInb:unNa k¾RtUvEteFVIcitþ[s¶b;
maMmYneRcInb:unenaH edIm,ITs;Tb;nwgehtukarN_EdlnwgekIttammk bnÞab;BIrgTukç nig
esaysux)any:agTan;hn; .
b:uEnþedaysarEtcitþrbs;mnusSeyIgPaKeRcInmindUcCaEpndI EtcitþdUcCaRkmYn
XµúMeralePøIg vaeTIbTn;RCay exSaHexSay tuksikgay RKan;EtCYbRbTHesckþITukçTan;
hn;min)anRbugxøÜn k¾)ak;Twkcitþts‘U sn§wksén§ bgáTukçdl;xøÜneTVeLIgEfmeTot CYnkal
dl;fñak;RbeCaHRbesakCIvit edaykareFVICIvitxøÜnÉg[kan;Etdundaby:ab;eyInbEnßmTukç
dl;xøÜnÉgCaeRcIneTot .
buKÁlEdlsßitenAkñúgsßanPaBEbbenH Etgyl;eXIjfa GVI²TaMgGs;kñúgelak
enH emIleTAdUcCaeRkomeRkaHGs;sgÇwm PaBtantwgkñúgcitþ PaBeRkomRkM KMnabsgát;
epSg² EdlxøÜnÉgbegáIteLIgenAkñúgcitþ vacUlmkCRBa¢MRKb;TisTI CMrujcitþ[rgTukçeTV
36
eLIgEfmeTot GñkxøHdl;fñak;Føak;xøÜnQWk¥ÜtQamk¾man ehIyGñkxøHdl;fñak;yl;xus
cuHédRbl½yCIvitxøÜneTAk¾man .
dUntaeyIgmincg;[eyIgeFVIcitþmin)anenAeBlCYbnwgPaBmineTogTat;rbs;CIvit
edaymin)anRbugsµartIeT eTIbriHrkmeFüa)ayRKb;y:agmkRbedAeyIg[ecHhat;Bt;
lt;dMcitþ RbugeRbobTTYlykkarBitEdlGacnwgekIteLIgRKb;eBlevla eRBaHfa RKb;
yuKRKb;sm½y GVIEdleTogTat;kñúgelakenH KW esckþImineTogTat; .
ebIGñkNamin)anhat;eFVIcitþTukmuneT min)anhat;smøwgemIlsPaBBitrbs;
elakenH[FøúHeT luHdl;eBlCYbRbTHhaynPaBTn;hn;/ citþrbs;GñkenaHGacnwg
TTYlykmin)an .
ehtuenaH eyIgRtUvEthat;Bt;lt;dMcitþ[dUcCaEpndItaMgBIdMbUgéd edaykar
BicarNasPaBBitEdlEtgEtekIteLIgelIelakenHÉg .
GVIEdlRtUvRbugeRbobcitþ KW ebIkMhkbMNgcUlmkdl;eyIgedaymin)anRbugxøÜn
naMmknUvesckþITukçRBYy PitP½y eRkomRkM eyIgRtUvBicarNadl;sPaBBitkñúgelakenH
fa KµanGVIzitefr Kg;vgS)anCaerogrhUtenaHeT manekIteLIg taMgenA nig rlt;eTACa
Fmµta sUm,IEtxøÜneyIg k¾eKcminputBIsPaBBitenH)anEdr .
dUnta)ancg¥úlR)ab;pøÚvbdibtþiTukfa GñkEdlnwgeFVIcitþ[x¢ab;x¢ÜnmYnmaMdUcCa
EpndI)an Kb,Iyl;dwgCamunfa elakmnusSeyIgenHmanTaMg smbMNg nig xusbMNg
ekIteLIgRKb;eBlevla RKan;EtfamYyNamkdl;eyIgmuneRkayb:ueNÑaH .
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;Rtas;TUnµan fa GVIEdleFVI[eyIgsmbMNg nig xusbMNg
kñúgelakenH man 8 y:agehAfa elakFm’ 8 EckCa 2 EpñkKW {citþRBWs} nig {citþRBW }
citþRBWs KW citþEdlKitcg;)anGVIEdlCaTIRsLaj;eBjcitþ man 4 y:ag KW
1¦ laP KW kar)anplRbeyaCn_CaTIKab;citþ dUcCa )anpÞH )anLan )anbþI
)anRbBn§ )andIFøI )anmaseBRCepSg²
2¦ ys KW kar)anGMNac )antMENg )anFM
3¦ sresIr KW kar)anTTYlBaküsresIr BaküelIktemáIg Bakües¶IcEdleK[
37
 4¦ sux KW kar)anTTYlesckþIRsNukkay RsNukcitþ)anTTYlesckþIrIkray
Rss;Rsaysb,aycitþ
TaMg 4 y:agenHCaGVIEdlmnusSTUeTAniymcUlcitþ eTaHbIebIminman k¾RtUvEt
sVHEsVkrkEdr luHrkmk)anehIy k¾KithYgEhg RbkYcRbkan; ehIyk¾Rbc½NÐ karEdl
citþmanGakar³errk hYgEhg RbkYcRbkan; Rbc½NÐEbbenH ehAfa citþRBWs .
citþRBW KW citþP½yRBYcxøacERkgnwg)at;bg; b¤ CYbRbTHnwgGVIEdlminCaTIeBj
citþ man 4 y:ag KW
1¦ )at;
atbg;
;bglaP
bg ;laP KW plRbeyaCn_Edl)anmkehIy k¾)at;bg;eTAvij dUcCa
)at;bg;luykak; )at;bg;lMenAdæan )at;bg;kUnCaTIRsLaj; )at;bg;Priya .
2¦ )at;
atbg;
;bgysskþ
bg ;ysskþi KW RtUveKdkhUtBItMENg RtUveKdkhUtBIGMNac RtUveK
ys
dkhUtBIkargar
3¦ ninÞa KW RtUveKsþIbenÞas tµHtiHedol riHKn; TaMgcMeBaHmux TaMgkM)aMgmux .
4¦ Tukç KW rgeRKaHTaMgpøÚvkaynigpøÚvcitþ .
mnusSeyIgmincUlcitþerOg 4 RbkarenHeT mincg;[erOg 4 RbkarenH ekIteLIg
dl;xøÜneLIy enAeBlvaminTan;mkdl; citþk¾RBWRBYcfavanwgmk enAeBlvamkdl;ehIy
k¾PavnafaGgáal)aneTAvij luHvaeTAehIy kan;EtRBWxøacEfmeTotfa vanwgRtLb;
mkvij .
kalebICIviteyIgmanTaMgGVIEdleFVI[citþRBWs nig citþRBWEbbenH dUntaeTIb
RbedAeyIg[yl;dwgTan;sPaBBitrbs;sßankarN_CIvit edaykarhat;Bt;lt;dMcitþ [
s¶b; minjab;j½rnwgelakFm’TaMg 8 . eKalbMNgénkarGb;rMceRmIncitþ k¾edIm,I[citþ
s‘b;sauMnwgesckþIs¶b;xagkñúgCaRbRktI kalebIeyIgRtUvCYbRbTHnwgkar)at;bg;laP)at;
bg;ys rgninÞa rgTukç citþk¾minRBWxøac manstiTb;Tl;citþ)an nig enAeBleyIgRtUv
CYbRbTHnwgkar)anlaP )anys )ansresIr )ansux citþk¾minRBWseRBIs manstiTUnµan
xøÜnmin[Qøk;vegVgnwgva .

38
 GñkEdlmanstiTaMgRKargTukç nig esaysuxEbbenH eRBaHeK)anhat;Bt;lt;dM
citþ[x¢ab;x¢ÞÜnmYnmaMdUcCaEpndI eRBaHebIcitþs¶b;ehIy k¾yl;dwgTan;elakFm’TaMg 8
EdlekIteLIgenaHfa vamineTogTat; minzitefr laPmanmk)an k¾Gs;eTAvij)an
tMENgyss½kþik¾minEmnCarbs;eyIgrhUteLIy sresIr ninÞa sux Tukç mñak;² RtUvEt
CYbRbTHvaTaMgGs; TIbMput k¾RtUvEt)at;bg;eTAvijCaFmµtataméRtlkçN_ .
éRtlkçN_ KW BMnitEdlCalkçN³RbcaMxøÜnrbs; rbssareBI
;sareBIvtßúkñúgelakenH
GVI² TaMgGs;kñúgelakenH suT§EtmanKuNtémøcMeBaHxøÜnÉg masmanKuNtémø
eRBaHBN’PøWrelIbrelagrbs;va eBRCmanKuNtémøeRBaHmansac;rwgxøaMg kBa©k;man
BnøWPøWqøúHRsemal)an mnusSeyIgmanTaMgcitþTaMgKMnit b:uEnþeTaHbICavtßúmanCIvit b¤ Kµan
CIvitk¾eday k¾suT§EtmanlkçN³ 3 y:agenHdUcKñaEdr nuH KW
1¦ Gnic©M )andl; sPaBmineTog minQb;enAnwgmYykEnøg mankarERbRbYl
RKb;eBlevla dUcCa eyIgmSilmijmindUcCaéf¶enHeT vaERbERbYlerOy² CaFmµta .
2¦ TukçM )andl; sPaBCaTukç enATIenHminRtwmEtsMedAdl;TukçesakseRgak
seRggb:ueNÑaHeT b:uEnþsMedAdl;minGacsßitenAkñúgsPaBedIm)an RtUvEtrls;rlayeTA
CaFmµta eRBaHebImineTog k¾etagEtERbRbYleTACaerOy² cMNuccb;rbs;karERbRbYl KW
karEbkFøayeTA sUm,IEtBiPBelakEdleyIgenAGaRs½yenH k¾mankarERbRbYleTACa
erOy²Edr éf¶NamYy vanwgEbkFøayeTACaFmµta .
3¦ Gntþa )andl; sPaBminEmnCaxøÜnR)aNBitR)akdrbs;GñkNamYy rktYxøÜn
BitmineXIj minsßitenAeRkamGMNacbBa¢arbs;GñkNa dUcCa eyIgminGachamXat;
esckþIcas;RKaMRKa esckþIQWcab; esckþIsøab;)at;bg;CIvit EdlekIteLIgcMeBaHeyIg)aneT
sUm,IEtxøÜneyIgEdlKit fa Carbs;eyIg enAeBlykmkEjkFatuKañEmnETneTAnwgCYb
RtwmEtQam sac; q¥wg srés Es,k nig Gvyv³epSg² EdlpÁúMKñaeLIgb:ueNÑaH rkxøÜn
eyIgBitR)akdmineXIjeLIy smøwgeXIjxøÜneyIgenA)anRtwmEtbeNþaHGasnñ b:ueNÑaH
luHdl;eBlevlak¾rlay)at;sUnüeTA minEmnxøÜnenAzitefrCarhUt)aneT mnusSTUTMag
BiPBelakemIlmineXIjéRtlkçN_rbs;GVI² TaMgBYgeT eTIbbENþtbeNþayxøÜn[Qøk;
39
vegVg eRtkGr Gn;citþ jab;j½reTAkñúgelakFm’TaMg 8 RtUvFøak;xøÜneTAkñúgGnøg;énTukç
RKb;eBlevla .
b:uEnþRBHsmµasm<úTæCam©as;RTg;TteXIj RTg;)andwgsPaBBiténGVI² TaMgGs;
y:agc,as;las; ehIyeTIbykmkbgðat;beRgon[mnusSelakecHeFVIcitþ[s¶b;nwgFwg
dUcCaEpndIEdlminecHjab;j½rnwgelakFm’TaMgBYg .
eRBaHehtuenaH karEdldUntaRbedA[eyIgecHeFVIcitþ[nwgnYndUcCaEpndIenaH
eRBaHelakemIleXIjBiPBelak nig CIvitedIrmkdl;cMNucénPaBCaéRtlkçN_ KW
mineTog CaTukç minEmntYxøÜnBitR)akdenHÉg eRBaHelakFm’TaMg 8 eTaHCa)an b¤min)an
k¾eday xøÜneyIgk¾RtUvEtFøak;eTAkñúgéRtlkçN_dEdl cMNucsMxan;bMputkñúgCIviteyIg KW
RtUvEteFVIcitþ[s¶b;nwgFwg edIm,IeRtomTTYlykPaBmineTogTat;rbs;CIvitRKb;eBl
evla ebIeyIgeRtomxøÜnsRmab;ehtukarN_ekIteLIgedayécdnü)anl¥ehIy k¾Gacnwg
eFVIcitþ)an sRmYlsti[vilRtLb;mkvij)anedayqab;rh½s TaMgGacmanCIvitrs;enA
teTAeTot)ankñúgelakénsPaBBit BIeRBaHTaMgsVamI Priya kUnecA suT§swgEtsßitenA
kñúgéRtlkçN_EdlmansPaBmineTogTat;CasPaBeTogTat;dUcnwgxøÜneyIghñwgÉg .
buKÁlEdlemIleXIjkarBitrbs;CIvit ehIyxMrkSacitþ[nwgFwg minjab;j½r
kñúgelakFm’)an eRbobdUcCaEpndIminregÁIjab;j½rcMeBaHrbs;s¥úyeq¥Hq¥ab nig rbs;
RkGUbQ¶b;Q¶úydUecñaH EtgGacelIkkm<s;sIlFm’kñúgcitþ[x<s;RtEdteLIg)anCaeRcIn
eTot . enHCaKafakarBarkarElglHKña Cafñak;TI 4 .
srubesckþIfa kareRCamERCgCIviterobkar[edIreTAmux)anCaerogrhUtenaH
karBit CaerOgTak;TgnwgkarelIkkm<s;KuNFm’rbs;xøÜnÉg nigsmaCikkñúgRKYsarTaMg
Gs;hñwgÉgedayGaRs½yeTAelIktþa 4 y:agdUcteTAenH
1¦ RtUvBwgBak;
Bakxø;xÜnø Ég[)
Ég[)anCamu
[)anCamunsin
2¦ RtUvecHeRCIserIsmnusSRtwmRtUvmkCaKURKg
3¦ RtUvmanTIRbwkSakñúgkareRCamERCgCIvitKU
4¦ RtUvecHdusxat;
xatci;cti þ[s¥ats¥M
40
 TaMg 4 RbkarenH suT§EtCaeKalkarN_EdldUntapþaMTukedIm,ICaviFIsaRsþkñúgkar
elIkkm<s;KuNFm’rbs;xøÜnÉg[x<s;RtEdteLIgtamlMdab; eRBaHkarerobkarenaH
ebIseRmccitþrYmCIvitCaKURKgehIy RtUvmanParkic©kargarCaeRcIneTotenArg;caMcMeBaH
muxkic©karxøH eTaHbICas‘URTaMmin)ank¾eday k¾RtUvEts‘URTaMEdr RbsinebImin)anelIk
kRmitKuNFm’kñúgcitþ[lµmRKb; RKan;nwgTTYlykParkic©kargarrbs;CIvitGaBah_BiBah_
eT k¾minGacnwgEfTaMCIvitKU)aneLIy .
eRBaHehtuenaH enAeBlCIvitGaBah_BiBah_eFVIdMeNIrmkdl;cMNucEq¥tq¥n;ehIy
CIvitKUrbs;GñkTaMg 2 enAsl;Et 2 cMNuccm,gb:ueNÑaH EdlRtUvhat;Bt;lt;dMteTA KW
TI 1 RtUvxaMmat;sgát;citþxøÜnÉg[)an TI 2 RtUveFVIcitþ[nwgnrnUvral;ehtukarN_
écdnüekIteLIg .
RKYsarNak¾edayTaMgbþIRbBn§ TaMgsmaCikñúgRKYsar[EtGnuvtþtameKalFm’
EdldUnta RbKl;[CaxbdibtþirYmKñay:agenH)an GMeBIhigSakñúgRKYsarmuxCaminekIt
eLIgeLIy mñak;² manEtelIkkm<s;KuNFm’kñúgcitþrbs;xøÜn[x<s;eLIgb:ueNÑaH karElg
lHKñaRtUv)ankm©at;ecalTaMgRsugkñúgRKYsar . kUn² EtgmanTIBwg nig manKMrUpøÚvcitþ
l¥nwgFwg samKÁIPaBkñúgRKYsark¾maneRcIn KuNPaBCIvitk¾l¥RbesIreLIgTaMgEpñksgÁm
nig esdækic© TnÞwmnwgKuNPaBpøÚvcitþ .
ebIRKYsarTaMgGs;eFVI)andUecñHEtghucpll¥cMeBaHRbCakrkñúgBiPBelaky:agBit
R)akd .

41
42
 CMBUkTI 1 cak;RKwHksagRKYsar

viFIfñak;fñmesñha[zitefr

KUsVamIPriya Kb,IsikSaeQVgyl;GMBIRbFanbTxagelIenH[)an
l¥itl¥n; eRBaHCaRbFanbTsMxan; sþIBIviFIkarfñak;fñmesñhatamEbb
RBHBuT§sasna .

viFIeFVI[esñhazitefr
karrYmrs;CabþIRbBn§niyayfa RsYlk¾)an Bi)akk¾)an b:Eu nþebIfa
RsYlk¾dUcCaBi)ak RbsiinebIeyIgecaTCasMNYrsYrfa eFVIdUcemþceTIb
bþIRbBn§rYmrs;CamYyKña)anedaysuxsanþ sakl,gedIrrkcemøIyemIlcuH
sYr 10 nak; cemøIyk¾ 10 y:agEdr GñkxøHfa GaRs½yelIeCaKCtarasI
sm<gSKUFatuRtUvKña GñkxøHfa GaRs½yeTAelIRBhµlixitkRmit[mk Gñk
Tan;sm½ysBVéf¶enH xøHfa sIusgelICMnUneRcIn suPmgÁlkñúgCIviterobkar
nwgmanedaysV½yRbvtþi .

43
 b:uEnþRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;Rtas;erOgmgÁlkarTuky:agxøI²RtwmEtmYym:at;fa
sgÁh³ ERbfa karseRgÁaHKña ehIy[GnuvtþtameKal sgÁhvtßú 4 edIm,IcgqVak;Tak;
TwkcitþKñaeTAvijeTAmk dUecñH
1> Tan KW karEckrMElk[KñaeTAvijeTAmk
mnusSeyIgebIRsLaj;Kña nig rs;enACamYyKña RtUvEtecHEckrMElk[Kña
eTAvijeTAmk enAeBlrkcMNUlmk)anKb,IykmkrYmKñaCahwbrYm ebIminykmkrYmKñaeT
GacekItkarregáosKña)an TINaKµankar[ TIenaHk¾s¶ÜteRkomeRkaHbIdUcCasmuRTxSac;
karEckrMElkKñaenH rYmTaMgkarrMElkTukçkñúgRKYsarpg enAeBlPaKImYymanTukçman
bBaða k¾KYrykmkBieRKaHeyabl;Kña)an .
2> biyvaca KW karniyayKñaedayBaküsMdIBieraHEp¥mElðm
sUm,IEtkardas;etOnKña k¾RtUvRbugRby½tñBaküsMdI ebIRbkan;KñaeBk GacekIt
Tidæiman³ bgáGsnþisuxdl;RKYsar edayRbkan;eKalkarN_fa muneBlerobkarFøab;
niyayBaküsMdIBieraH y:agNa eRkayeBlerobkar k¾niyayBieraHy:agenaHEdr .
3> Gtßcriya KW karRbRBwtþRbeyaCn_cMeBaHKñaeTAvijeTAmk
enAeBldwgfaGVIl¥ b¤ minl¥ KYr b¤ minKYrehIy k¾ykmkdMNalR)ab;Kña Büayam
sikSarkcMeNHdwgtampøÚvFm’ ykcitþmkeRkbykFm’[eRcIn bþIRbBn§enaH enAeBleQøaH
RbEkkKña eRcInEtTmøak;kMhuseTA[PaKImYyeTot EdltamkarBit EtgmankMhusTaMg
sgxag y:agehacNas; k¾xusRtg;minrkviFIsmKYrNamYymkdas;etOnKñaEdr beNþay
[PaKImYyeToteFVIxus .
4> smantþta KW kareFVIxøÜn[smrmü
kareFVICaemRKYsar k¾RtUveFVIxøÜn[smCaemRKYsar eFVICaempÞH[smCaempÞH
mñak;²eFVIxøÜn)ansmrmünwgtYnaTIEdlRbKl;[TaMgxagkñúgpÞHTaMgxageRkApÞH EdlcMNuc
enHnwgRbtibtþi[)anl¥ RtUvhVwkhat;smaFieFVI[citþpUrpg;CaRbRktI eRBaHGñkEdl
44
mancitþpUrpg;nwgdwgfa kñúgsßankarN_EbbenaH KYreFVIxøÜny:agNa minQøk;vegVgnwgsgÁm
xageRkATal;EteFVIxøÜnminsmrmü .
srubesckþIfa karbdibtþisgÁhvtßú 4 KW karbdibtþitamviFIeFVIbuNükñúgRBHBuT§
sasna 3 y:ag KW
1> Tan kar[rbs;rbr
2> rkSasIl edIm,I[manBaküsMdIBieraH nig edIm,IP¢itcMNucxVHxatrbs;xøÜn
nwg)an CamnusSmanRbeyaCn_ .
3> ceRmInPavna karsþab;Fm’ nigeFVIsmaFiedIm,I[citþpUrpg; ekItbBaØa nwg
)aneFVIxøÜn[)ansmrmü .

tYnaTIrbs;sVamI-Priya
manKMehIjfa karEdlKUesñh_nwgRsLaj;Kña)anyUrGEgVgenaH sVamIPriya RtUv
Etyl;dwgtYnaTIrbs;xøÜnEdlRtUvRbtibtþicMeBaHKñaeTAvijeTAmk[)anRKb;RKan; ehIy
enAeBlGnuvtþtYnaTIsVamIPriyacMeBaHKña GñkTaMg 2 RtUvEteFVIedayeKalkarN_rbs;
sgÁhvtßú 4 bNþal[karRbtibtþitYnaTIrbs;sVamIPriyay:ageBjelj nig RbRBwtþeTA
edaykarcgqVak;Tak;TwkcitþKñay:agzitefryUrGEgVg .
1> tYnaTIrbs;
bssV;saV mIEdlRtUvGnuvtþcMeBaHPriya man 5 cMNuc KW
1>1 elIktemáIgpþlki;kti iþys KW elIktemáIgfaCaPriyaRsbc,ab;rbs;xøÜn
eday\tlak;elom ebIPriyaeFVIl¥ k¾es¶IcsresIredaycitþesµaHs ebIeFVIxusk¾das;etOn
b:uEnþminbenÞasenAcMeBaHmuxeKÉg b¤ mnusSkñúgpÞHeT eRBaHGackat;bnßyGMNacRKb;RKg
rbs;nag erOgNamYyEdlCaerOgpÞal;xøÜnrbs;Priya dUcCa karCb;elogmitþP½Rk CYbCuM
jatimitþ KYrpþl;siT§iesrIPaBtamsmKYr .
1>2 kuMemIlgay KW minbnÞabbenßakfa Tn;TabCagxøÜn minemIlRsal
RtkUl RTBüsm,tiþ cMeNHdwg mtieyabl;rbs;Priya minRtUvTTYlPar³RKYsar
NamYyeday\tBieRKaHeyabl;nwgPriyaeLIy nighameCrsþI vaydMRcMFak;Cadac;xat.
45
 1>3 mink,
k,tci;cti þ KW miineFVIemaHémnwgRsIdéT eRBaHCakaremIlgayPaBCa
RsþIrbs;PriyaEdr [ecHKitBIcitþeKcitþÉg PriyaNak¾manbItiesamnsSEdr
ebIsVamIRsLaj;eBjcitþ nig esµaHRtg;cMeBaHxøÜnEtmñak; .
1>4 RbKl;
RbKlGM;GNM ac[
ac[ KW RbKl;GMNac[CaGñkcat;Ecgkic©karpÞH mincUleTA
eRCotERCk kic©karcRgáan)ay b¤karRKb;RKgépÞkñúg elIkElgEterOgFM² EdlPriyaedaH
Rsaymin)an .
1>5 eRKOgEtgxøÜn KW eQµaHfa RsþIeRcInEtcUlcitþtak;Etgragkay cUlcitþ
erOgs¥at)at ebI)aneRKOgGlgáareqItqaymkk¾eRBIseRBImcitþ eTaHxwgb:unNak¾)at;xwg
Edr buKÁlCasVamI Kb,ItamcitþnagxøH .
2¦ tYnaTIrbs;
bsPri
;PriyaEdlRtUvGnuvtþcMeBaHsVamI man 5 cMNuc KW
2>1 cat;
catkargar
;kargarl¥
kar garl¥ KW erobcMpÞHsEm,g)ans¥ats¥MKYr[rs;enAdaMsøcMNIcMNuk
)anRtUvmat; nig rh½sTan;esckþIRtUvkar Tukdak;semøokbMBak; nig eRKOgeRbIR)as;)an
s¥ats¥anCanic© .
2>2 seRgÁaHjatixagsVamIm KW CYyeRCamERCgjatixagsVamI niyaysMdI
BIeraHBisa pþl;CMnYy[tamkmøaMgEdlGaceFVI)an .
2>3 minpitk,k,t; KW mansVamIPkþi esµaHsµ½RKcMeBaHEtsVamImñak; .
2>4 rkSaRTBü[
rkSaRTBü[Kg; Kg; KW minpuypayx¢Hx¢aycayvay\tsNþab; b:uEnþk¾
min kMNaj;sVitsVajEdr ecHsnSMsMéccayvayRTBütamkarKYr .
2>5 ]sSah_
sSaheFV _eFVIkar KW xMRsvaRseTjeFVIkic©karpÞH minKitEtBIsIuedk hac;
ehIr b¤ elgEl,gsIusgeLIy .
kñúgmgÁlkartamRbéBNI enAeBlkUnkemøaH nig kUnRkmuH TTYlTwkmnþ eRcIn
Bak;kRmgpáa»benAelIk,al CasBaØabgðajR)ab;karcgTak;GñkTaMg 2 [Cab;Kña eKal
bMNg KW cgqVak;GñkTaMg 2 min[rebHecjBIKña hñwgRKan;EtCacMNgxageRkAesI²
b:ueNÑaH minGacCYyGVI)anBitR)akdeT .

46
 RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;eRbonRbedA[cgqVak;Edr b:uEnþminEmn[cgqVak;eday
kRmgpáaeT [cgqVak;edayKuNFm’ ehAfa sgÁh³ karseRgÁaHEdlGñkTaMg 2 bdibtþi
cMeBaHKñaeTAvijeTAmkbIdUcCacMNgcitþ 2 cgVay mYycgTak;citþsVamI mYyeTot
cgTak;citþPriya ebIeFVI)antamKuNFm’enH eTaHCaGñkNak¾eday k¾minGaccab;[
rebHecjBIKña)anEdr sUm,IEtesckþIsøab; k¾qk;ykeTA)ancMeBaHEtragkayb:ueNÑaH
ÉdYgcitþvijenAEtTak;Cab;KñaCaerogrhUt .

tMenOn
mankardas;etOnfa eTaHbIebIGñkxøHtaMgcitþfanwgcgqVak;Tak;Twkcitþk¾eday luH
dl;karGnuvtþCak;Esþg k¾eCosminputBIkarTasecjBIKuNFm’ RKan;EtsVamIragdUcCa
mancitþryalecjBIxøÜnbnþic k¾rt;eTArkRKUesñh_ xatbg;TaMgluykak;nigeBlevla b:uEnþ
Kµan)anGVIRtLb;mkvijesaH eRBaHGal½yEtecalpÞHecalsEm,geTArkRKUesñh_ minKit
daM)aysøsøúkTukdak;pÞHsEm,g beNþay[pÞHsEm,grjikrj:úkesaeRta\t sNþab;Fñab;
minRBmenAcaMykcitþsVamI EbrCaeTARkabsMBHykcitþRKUesñh_ edIm,Icg;)anfñaMesñh_mk
dak;[sVamIgab;RkLa sßankarN_kan;EtdabxøaMgeTACaerOy² viFIRbtibtþi[ RtwmRtUv KW
KYrepþatcitþ[maMmYnkñúgTansIlkñúgkareFVIGMeBIl¥ GnuvtþtYnaTIrbs;xøÜnmin[ex©aH rYcehIy
GVI² k¾nwgRbesIreLIgedaysV½yRbvtþi .

47
48
 CMBUkTI1 cak;RKwHksagRKYsar

RBHkenøagpÞH

RBHBuT§sasna manBaküeRbonRbedAGMBIkarRKb;RKgRKYsarEdl
kk;ekþA søÚtbUt RCaleRCA nig fñmcitþmnusSCaeRcInBan;qñaMmkehIy nig
eCOCak;fa BicarNatamk,Ünc,ab;CaeRcInryqñaMmkenH suT§swgEtdkRsg;
ecjBIRBHBuT§sasnaTaMgGs; minEdleXIjBaküeRbonRbedANaGac
eRbonRbedAGMBIeKalkarN_RKb;RKgRKYsar nig vgSRtkUl)anRKb;RCug
eRCaydUcRBHBuT§sasnaeLIy minEdlmanGñkNaKitfa dMbUnµan 10
RbkarEdl«Bukmñak;kñúgéf¶EdlkUnRsIecjBIpÞHeTAerobkar)ankøayeTACa
eKalkarN_Edlhucpl[kUnRsIrbs;xøÜn køayCabuKÁlsMxan;rbs;vgS
RtkUl sVamI EdlGñkpgRBmTaMgsVamI «Bukmþayekµk nig jatiCitxag
sVamImanesckþIwRsLaj;rab;Gan nig ekatERkgrEGgcitþ ehIyRtUv)an
elIktemáIgkñúgzan³Ca RBHkenøagpÞH ¬RBHXrmata b¤ miKarmata¦ .
49
dMbUnµan 10 RbkarenH KWCa »vaTéf¶
»vaTéf¶erobkarrbs;
robkarrbsnagvi
;nagvisaxa

nagvisaxaCaGñkNa?
nagvisaxaCamha])asikasMxan;mñak;rbs;RBHBuT§sasna Kat;CaGñkksag
vtþbuBVaram CavtþmYyeTotEdlCamCÄmNÐlpSBVpSayRBHBuT§sasnaTUTaMgCm<ÚTVIb
sm½yBuT§kal vtþenHsßitenAkñúgRkugsavtßI Ednekasl eRbIR)as;fvikaTijdIRbmaNCa
90 lan)aT nig eRbIfvikaksagRbmNCa 90 lan)aTeTotedIm,IsagCaR)asaTCa 2
Can; manbnÞb;sñak;enAsRmab;RBHsgÇeRcIndl; 1000 bnÞb; .
eRkABIenaH Kat;CaGñkepþImKMnitTUlsuMRbTanBrGMBIRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;edIm,I
RbeKnsMBt;cMNaMvsSa ¬sMBt;Rsg;TwkePøog¦ cMeBaHRBHPikçúsgÇeRbIR)as;kñúgkMLúgeBl
cUlRBHvsSaeTotpg rhUtdl;køayCaRbéBNIRbeKnsMBt;cMNaMvsSarbs;BuT§sasnik
Cn t²Kñamkdrabdl;bc©úb,nñenH .
Kat;ekItkñúgRtkUlmhaesdæIénEdnmKF³ EdlCaEdnmhaGMNacFMmincaj;Edn
ekaslkñúgsm½yenaHeT bitarbs;Kat; KW elakFnBa¢½uyesdæI CamhaesdæIénTIRkug
raCRKwH raCFanIénmKFrdæ .
cMeNrkaltmk eRBaHEtEdnekaslKµanmhaesdæIFM nig manfVIédsÞat;CMnaj
kñúgkarRKb;RKgesdækic©rbs;RbeTs[rwgmaM)an RBH)aTbesnTiekasl mhakSRtén
ekaslrdækñúgsm½yenaH eTIbyagmkTUlsuMmhaesdæIGMBIRBH)aTBimis< ar mhakSRtén
mKFrdæedayRBHGgÁÉg RBH)aTBimi<sareTIbeR)asRBHraCTanFnBa¢½yesdæI[dl;RBH)aT
besnTiekasledIm,I[eTAeFVICardæmRnþIRksYgesdækic©rbs;ekaslrdæ .
eRBaHehtuenHÉg elakFnBa¢½yesdæIeTIbRtUvpøas;lMenAzanGMBImKFrdæeTArs;enA
ÉEdnekasledayehtuplneya)ay nagvisaxak¾pøas;lMenAeTAtambitarbs;Kat;Edr
enAeBleFVIdMeNIrqøgEdnrhUt)ancUlmkdl;ekaslrdæehIy kalebIsl;ry³pøÚv
RbmaNCa 112 K>m>eTot dl;RkugsavtßIEdlCaraCFanIénekaslrdæ elakFnBa¢½y
esdæIk¾TUlsuMesckþIGnuBaØatGMBIRBHecAbesnTiekasl fa
50
 {xagkñúgTIRkugceg¥ótNas; TUlRBHbgÁMCa´manbrivarCaeRcIn CakarBi)akEdl
cUleTArs;enAkñúgTIRkug TUlRBHbgÁMCa´sUmTUlRBHkruNaCam©as;CIvittmál;elIt,ÚgsuM
GnuBaØatsagTIRkugfµIRtg;kEnøgCaTImenarmüenH} .
RBHraCak¾RTg;GnuBaØat elakFnBa¢½yesdæIeTIbsagTIRkugfµIehIysnµteQµaHfa
saektu eRbICaeQµaHPUmizanrbs;xøÜn nig brivarGñkEhhm taMgBIeBlenaHmk kñúg
RbvtþisaRsþ\NÐa eTIbmaneQµaHTIRkugfa saektu ekIteLIgrhUtmkdl;sBVéf¶enH .
eRkABInagvisaxamanbitaCamhaesdæIehIy CItarbs;nag KW elakemNÐkesdæI
CamhaesdæICab;GNþab;elxmYykñúgcMeNammhaesdæI 5 nak; EdlCabegÁalesdækic©
rbs;mKFrdæEdr cat;Tuk)anfa RtkUlrbs;nagvisaxamanmux)azsMxan;Epñkesdækic©
rbs;EdndITaMgBIrkñúgsm½yBuT§kal .

dMbUnµankñúgéf¶erobkar
kñúgéf¶EdlnagvisaxaecjBIpÞHeTAerobkarCamYynwgkUnRbusrbs;RtkUlmha
esdæImYyénEdnekaslenaH elakFnBa¢½yesdæICabita)an[»vaTkñúgéf¶erobkar man
TaMgGs; 10 Rbkar dUcteTAenH
1> ePøIgkñúgkMunaMecj mann½yfa minnaMykerOgra:vekþARkhayepSg²xagkñúg
RKYsareTAbkGaRkatdl;GñkpgTaMgBYgenAxageRkA .
2> ePøIgeRkAkuMnaMcUl mann½yfa minnaMykerOgra:vekþARkhayepSg²xageRkA
cUlmkkñúgRKYsar .
3> [dl;
dlGñ;Gkñ [vij mann½yfa GñkNamYyEdleyIgCYy [x©Irbs;rbrluHdl;
eBlkMNt; k¾ykmksgvijtameBlevla kalebIeyIgmanerOgcaM)ac;RtUvkarCMnYy
ebIminhYsBIsmtßPaBrbs;eKeT eKeRtkGrCYyvijy:ageBjcitþ buKÁlEbbenHenAeBl
eRkay ebImksuMCMnYyBIeyIgeTot eyIgKb,ICYy .
51
 4> min[dl;
dlGñ;Gkñ min[vij mann½yfa GñkNamYyEdleyIgCYy [x©Irbs;rbr
ehIyminykmsgvijtameBlkMNt; enAeBleyIgmanerOgcaM)ac;RtUvkarCMnYy eTaHbI
minhYssmtßPaBrbs;eK nig CaerOgRtwmRtUvtamKnøgFm’k¾eday eKk¾minRBm CYy
buKÁlEbbenH enAeBleRkay ebImksuMCMnYyBIeyIgeTot minKb,ICYyeLIy .
5> min[vijk¾[ mann½yfa ebIsac;jatibgb¥Únrbs;eyIgCYbGasnñGn;Rk
mksuMCMnYy eTaHbIeBlxøH minsgrbs;Edlx©IeTAtameBlkMNt;k¾eday enAeBleRkay
eKmksuMCMnYymþgeTot k¾Kb,ICYy eRBaHy:agNak¾eday k¾Casac;QameyIgEdr .
6> enAk¾suxhUbcukk¾q¶aj;j; mann½yfa ecHerobcMcMNIcMNukkñúgRKYsar[)anl¥
enAcaMbeRmI«BukmþayekµkedayePaCnaharkuM[xVHxat ebIeFVI)any:agenH xøÜnÉgk¾enACa
sux hUbcukk¾q¶aj; minmankgVl;xVl;citþ .
7> GgÁúy[RsYl sRmYl[sm mann½yfa sÁal;x<s;sÁal;Tab eBlGgÁúy
miinRtUvGgÁúyx<s;Cag«BukmþayekµkeT ebIeFVI)any:agenH xøÜnÉgk¾GgÁúy)ansuxRsYl miin
mankgVl;xVl;citþ .
8> eKgk¾suxRsmukk¾RsYl mann½yfa emIlerobcMTukdak;TIedkTIsRman[)an
smrmü edkeRkay PJak;mun minTRmn;xñgEvg eBlmunedk k¾erobcMTukdak;kic©kar[
eRsc)ac;ehIyswmcUledk .
9> bUCaePøIg mann½yfa enAeBl«Bukekµkmþayekµk b¤ sVamIkMBugxwgeqvqav
dUcCa ePøIgkMBugeqHsen§asen§AenaH ebIeCrsþIGVIeyIg cUrenAes¶om kuMtmat;tsmþIeLIy
BIeRBaHkñúgry³kalenaH ebIeyIgeTAlUkmat;cUlerOgra:venaH kan;EtrIkraldalFMeLIg
Kµan)anRbeyaCn_GVIeT riHrkcgVak;enAeBlEdlBYkeK)at;xwgehIyswmBnül;ehtupl[
sþab; y:agTn;Pøn;RbesIrCag .

52
 10>
10> bUCaeTvta mann½yfa enAeBlEdl«Bukekµkmþayekµk b¤ sVamIeFVIGMeBIl¥
k¾BüayamelIktemáIg niyay[kmøaMgcitþ [eFVIGMeBIl¥kan;EteRcIneLIg .
nagvisaxa)aneRbIeKaldMbUnµan 10 RbkarEdl«Buk[enH ykQñHcitþmnusS
TaMgGs;TaMg«Bukekµkmþayekµk sVamI nig BYkbrivarrdrabdl;køayCaRbvtþisaRsþ[RsþI
GñkenARKb;RKgpÞH)anykKMrUtamrhUtdl;sBVéf¶enH CakarBitNas;fa ebIRKYsarNa
)anempÞH b¤ kUnRbsaRsI Edlman»vaT 10 RbkarenARbcaMcitþEbbenH sUmCRmabfa
nag KWCa RBHkenøagpÞH rbs;RKYsar sUmCYyrMElkbnÞúkrbs;nag nig fñmTwkcitþnag
[)anl¥ edIm,IesckþIsuxdmrmnarbs;kUnecA nig vgSRtkUlnaeBlxag muxhñwgÉg .

53
54
 CMBUkTI 1 ³ cak;RKwHksagRKYsar

GñkmanbuNümkcab;kMeNIt

RkumRKYsarCaeRcInEtgEteRtkGrsaTr enAeBlEdlekItman
smaCikfµIkñúgRKYsar RKYsarxøHTMeyIkUnRCuleBk dl;fñak;nimnþelak
mkeFVIbuNüRbeKnsgÇTandl;pÞHrhUt 7 éf¶k¾man kalebIniyay
dl;kar)anekItCamnusSk¾Gt;nwgtaMgesckþIsegátmin)anfa eTaHbICa
ekItmkCamnusSdUcKña Cabgb¥Únsac;QamCamYyKñak¾eday k¾buE: nþfa
ehtuGVI)anCamnusSeyIgepSgKña GVICaeRKOgkMNt;PaBepSgKñarbs;
mnusSeyIg ?

55
 sMNYrenH ebImin)anCYbnwgRBHBuT§sasnaeT c,as;Camin)andwgnUvkarBiteLIy
BaküeRbonRbedAkñúgRBHBuT§sasna)anbMPøWpøÚv[eyIgemIleXIjfa PaBepSgKñarbs;CIvit
CaerOgKYr[q¶l; mnusSekItmkkñúgelakenHEtmYy b:uEnþmindwgdMeNIredImTgrbs;xøÜnÉg
mindwgfaelakenHsßitenARtg;NaéncRkvaL mindwgfasøab;BIelakenHehIyeTATINaeT
RKb;kEnøgkñúgelakenHsuT§EtmanRbsña[ravrkcemøIyTaMgGs; .
]TahrN_dUcCa
GñkxøHsøab;)at;bg;CIvittaMgEtBIenAkñúgépÞmþay b:uEnþGñkxøHRtLb;Cars;ranman
CIvitecjmkemIleXIjelakxageRkA .
GñkxøHekItmksmRbkbmaMmYn b:uEnþGñkxøHekItmkminsmRbkbBiklBikartaMgEt
BIkMeNIt Rtecokføg; EPñkxVak;CaedIm.
GñkxøHekItmkmanRTBüsþúksþmÖ b:uEnþGñkxøHekItmk sUm,IEtTwkedaHmþayk¾min
)ane)AEdr .
GñkxøHekItmkkñúgRtkUlx<s; b:uEnþGñkxøHekItmkkñúgRtkUlTab .
GñkxøHFMeLIgecjmkBI«BukmþayEtmYy eFVIkardUcKña KitdUcKña viFIkardUcKña
lT§pleXIjfa mñak;lickBa¢g;lg;keBa¢I ¬rlMrlay¦ b:uEnþmñak;eTotRtLb;CaekItkal
valKum<FUrFareLIg .
ehIyEdlKYr[q¶l;mYyeTot KW kñúgxN³EdlviBaØaNmYyekItCamnusS ÉviBaØaN
mYyeTotRtLb;CaekItCastVtircäan kan;EtmanPaBepSgKñac,as;las;eLIg .
PaBepSgKñaTaMgenH man[eyIgemIleXIjCaTUeTA ebIeyIgminykvamkKit k¾
minCMBak;Tak;citþGVIEdr b:uEnþebIeyIgtaMgCaesckþIsegáteyIgnwgeXIjfa erOgenHc,as;
CamanRbPBCaEdnekItrbs;vay:agBitR)akd b:uEnþminGaceqøIyRbsñaTaMgenH)aneT .
karEdleyIg)anCYbnwgRBHBuT§sasna eFVI[eyIgrkeXIjcemøIyfa c,ab; abRbcaM
;RbcaM
elakenH KW c,c,ab;
abénkmµ
;énkmµ ¬kmµniyam b¤ kmµlixit ¦ .

56
 PaBxusEbøEbøkKñarbs;
rbsCI;CvI itEdlmnu
EdlmnusSsßitenAelIkmµRbcaMxøÜnrbs;
rbsbu;bKu Álmñak;k²;
ehtudUecñH karEdleyIgekItmkCamnusSdUcKña b:uEnþ)anTTYlesckþIsuxTukç
mindUcKña sbBaØak;[eXIjfa plénkmµmanBitEmn ehIyGacbBa¢ GacbBa¢Únplqøgkat; katPB
; PB
)anBitEmn .
RBHefr³mYyrUbmanefrdIkadl;erOgkmµenH fa
{Baküfa kmµ CaBakükNþal² minsMedAdl; l¥ b¤ GaRkk;eT eRBaHkmµERbfa kareFVI
GMeBI TegVI .
eQµaHfa kareFVI EtgmanplCanic© ]bmadUcCa eyIgEq¥teRBaHGIV eRBaHbriePaK
ebIminbriePaKk¾ehv ebIminedk k¾gguy ebIedk k¾)at;gguy .
kmµ
km Rtg;cMNucenH CaBakükNþal² ERbfa kareFVI minTan;EjkecjeTACakar
eFVIl b¤ GaRkk;enAeLIyeT b:uEnþeQµaHfa kareFVIEtgmanplCadrab .
xagrUbviTüa manrUbmnþmYyEcgfa famBlEdlbBa¢ÚneTAesµInwgfamBlEdl
Lgmkvij ( action=reaction;kmµ=Rbtikmµ ) esIu|saknUtun (sir Isaac Newton)
)anrkeXIjRTwsþIfamBlenH ehIyehARTwsþIenHfa clnaniyam ( law of motion ¦
¬kmµniyam¦ .
xagBuT§Fm’ERbesckþI {eFV eFVIyagNa
:agNa )any:
anyagenaH
:agenaH eFVIl¥ )anl¥ eFVIGaRkk aRkk;
kk;
)anGaRkk;
anGaRkk; ¬klüaNkarI klüaNM )abkarI c )abkM¦ ¬kmµ kmµniyam¦.
am
BYkGñkviTüasaRsþeTIbEtrkeXIjehIyTUTaMgBiPBelakeTIbEtTTYlsÁal;RTwsþI
enH Cag 300 qñaMknøgmkenHÉg .
b:uEnþRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;)anrkeXIjkmµniyamenHehIy)aneRbonRbedAmnusS
elaktaMgEtBICag 2500 qñaMknøgmkehIy TaMgCakarrkeXIjy:agl¥itl¥n;eTotpg .
{]TahrN_dUcCa TarkEdlRtUveKBnøÚtecal ebIBicarNaemIlesI² eXIjfa
TarkenaHmindwgegaHGVIeLIy xusenARtg;«Bukmþaymincg;[ekItmk eTIb)aneTABnøÚt
ecal TarkenaHeTIbmanGayuxøI b:uEnþRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;minbeRgon[emIlrak;kMEpl
dUecñaHeT RTg;beRgon[ecHemIl[eRCAl¥itl¥n; ehIytaMgCaesckþIsegátfa kalebI
57
elakenHman«BukmþayeBjTwkeBjdI cuHehtuGVI)anCaTarkenHmineTAekIt ehtuGVI)anCa
mkekItCamYynwg«BukmþayEdlBnøÚtecaleTAvij ? } .
{eRBaHehtufa TarkenaHmankmµ KW karpþac;pþilCIvitedayCab;tamxøÜnmktaMgBI
Catimun kalebImkekItCamnusS edaysareBorevraEdlFøab;cUlcitþsmøab;CIvit eTIb
kmµenaH dwknaMBaMyYr[mkekItkñúgépÞénmþayEdlcUlcitþsmøab;CIvitEdr mþay nig kUn
eTIbmaneBorevraRtUvKña/ eTAenACamYyKña)aneTAcUlépÞrbs;nag)an BuMenaHesateT
cUlmin)aneLIy luHcUleTAehIy mþayk¾caj;épÞ cg;smøab;stV cg;briePaKQam
Rss;² ebImin)anbriePaKQamRss;²eT Gakar³caj;épminFUres,Iy .
F¶n;CagenHeTAeTot GñkxøH RKan;Etcaj;épÞ mþaymancitþcg;BnøÚtkUnhñwgecal
Pøam enHCaplénKrukmµmYyeTot emIlsßanPaBbc©úb,nñ[c,as; plkmµhucpl[
RCaleRCA nig sµúKsµajCagGVIEdleyIgemIleXIjeTAeTot .
CYnkal eBorevrahucpl[kan;Etc,as;eTAeTot KWfa enAeBlmnusSman)ab
)aNati)atmkeyanykkMeNItekIteRcIneLIg RbeTsCatikñúgkMlugkalenaHRtUv
CnBYkenaHCMruj[bBaØtþc,ab;BnøÚtkUn)anedayesrI .
ehtuGVI)anCadUecñaH ebImin)anCYbRBHBuT§sasnaeT erOgenH eyIgenAEtemIlmin
FøúH/ cemøIy KWfa mnusSmankmµ KW karsmøab;stV maneRcIn mnusSeFVI)aNati)at
mkekIteRcIn mkcab;kMeNItkñúgépÞénmþaymankmµRtUvKñaeRcIn CaehtunaMmknUvkarb:unb:g
sresrc,ab;GnuBaØat[BnøÚtkUn)an .
kalebIGñkmanbuNümkcab;kMeNIt etImþaymanGakar³y:agNa ?
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;Rtas;Bnül;fa kalebIGñkmanbuNümkcab;kMeNIt plén
GMeBIbuNürbs;GñkenaH k¾dwknaMBaMyYresckþIceRmInlUtlas;[ekItdl;RkumRKYsar mþay
k¾TnÞwgrgcaMemIlmuxkUnedaykþIGnÞHsa eFVIbuNüsunÞr_Tan GuCFUbGFidæansUm[)ankUnl¥
mkekIt luHGñkNamñak;RtUvXøatcaksuKtiPB dl;eBlRtUvmkekIt eKk¾eRCIserIs
ykmþayNaEdll¥RbesIr nig mancitþbuNü luHmkenAkñúgépÞ TaMgmþayTaMgkUnk¾man
sirIsYsþITaMgGs;Kña .
58
 kmøaMgbuNürbs;mnusSCaerOgcEmøk RKan;EtcUlmkkñúgépÞmþay enAeBlmþay
caj;épÞ eFVIy:agem:ck¾mines,Iy luHRtaEt)andak;)aRt mþayk¾)at;caj;épÞPøam
Rtg;enHÉg sEmþgfa TarkEdlmkekItenH CatimuneKCaGñkeFVIbuNüeFVITan RKan;EtcuH
mkekItkñúgépÞmþay enAeBlmþaycaj;épÞ eKk¾bgÁab;mþay[eTAdak;)aRt Gakar³caj;épÞ
k¾FUres,Iyb¤mþay)anbriePaKTwkedaHRss;ehIy k¾)at;caj;épÞPøam minnwkcg;briePaK
QamRss;² dUcy:agmþayxøHeLIy .
sRmab;kUnNaEdlcUlcitþsURtmnþceRmInPavnakñúgCatimun RKan;Etmþaycaj;épÞ
k¾bgÁab;mþay[sURtmnþceRmInPavna mþayeTIb)at;caj;épÞ)an enAeBlmþaysURtmnþ nig
eFVIsmaFi TarkEdlenAkñúgépÞk¾sb,ayrIkrayCamYynwgmþaypg .
eRBaHehtuenaH PaBepSgKñarbs;mnusSkñúgelakenHmanplecjmkBIkmµkúñg
GtItkal nig kmµkñúgbc©úb,nñkalTaMgGs;/ EpñkmYyénsmIkarenH eyIgminGacedaH
Rsay)aneT eRBaHvaditdamtamxøÜneyIgmkBIGtItkal mYyEpñkeTot CakmµEdleyIg
eTIbEtnwgsageLIgfµI .
{RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;sgát;F¶n;fa cUrkuMbgáeBorevraEfmeTot BuMenaHesateT
)abEdleyIgbgákñúgéf¶enH vanwgtameTA[pldl;eyIgnaéf¶xagmuxedayBit eQµaHfa
)abkmµ sUm,ItictYc KYrkuMeFVI RbesIrCag } .
{eRBaHehtuenaH ebHdUgrbs;RBHBuT§sasna eTIbmanBaküfa lHbg; lHbgGM;GeM BI)ab
sabeRBaHGM
sabeRBaHGMeBIl¥ dusxat;
xatci;cti þl¥kkkr[
;kkr[pUrpg;
kkr pg; TaMg 3 RbkarenH KW kareFVIGMeBIl¥
enAeBleyIgeFVIGMeBIl¥ plénGMeBIl¥enaHk¾nwgnaMesckþIsuxmk[eyIgPøamtamEdleyIg
)aneFVI ehIynwgtamhucpl[eyIgkan;EtmanesckþIsuxeRcIneLIgEfmeTotkñúgPBCati
xagmux .
{kmµCaeRKOgkMNt;[eyIgemIleXIjPaBcEmøk nig PaBepSgKñarbs;mnusSkñúg
elakenHy:agc,as;RkELt GñkNaeFVIGMeBIl¥kñúgGtItkalmkeRcIn CatienHekItmk
bribUredayrUbsm,tþi RTBüsm,tþi nig stibBaØad¾RsYcRsal; ebIyl;)anRtg;cMNucenH
eyIgnwgeCOCak;fa kmµRKb;RbePTEdleFVIehIysuT§EtmanplTaMgGs; .
59
 TarkEdlRtUveKBnøÚtecalebIBicarNaemIlesI²eXIjfa
TarkenaHmindwgegaHGVIeLIy xusenARtg;«Bukmþaymincg;
[ekItmkeTIb)aneTABnøÚtecalTarkenaHeTIbmanGayuxøI
b:uEnþRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as; minbeRgon[emIlrak;kMEpl
dUecñaHeT RTg;beRgon[ecHemIl[eRCAl¥itl¥n;ehIytaMg
CaesckþIsegátfa kalebIelakenHman«BukmþayeBjTwk
eBjdIcuHehtuGVI)anCaTarkenHmineTAekItehtuGVI)anCamk
ekItCamYynwg«BukmþayEdlBnøÚtecaleTAvij?

cMeBaHxøÜneyIg kalebI)anekItmkehIyCatienH y:agNak¾edayk¾RtUvEtGt;Fµt;

Edr BIeRBaHeyIg)anekItrYcehIy k¾buE: nþsUmebþCJaeFVIGMeBIl¥[)aneRcIn kuMcuHcaj;citþEdl
Taj[eFVIGaRkk; RtUvxaMmat;sgát;eFµjts‘U ehIyviFIEdlBt;citþ[rwgmaM KµanGVIepSg
eRkABIkarhVwkhat;smaFieLIy kan;EthVwkhat;smaFi kan;EtmankmøaMgcitþkñúgkareFVI
GMeBIl¥eRcIneLIgtamlMdab; .
kalebIeyIgsmøwgemIlTUTaMgsklelakedayykkmµniyamCabTdæanEbbenH
eyIgnwgkMNt;vifICIvit)antamsPaBBit minxuspøÚv eyIgcg;[CamnusSEbbNa eyIg
k¾eFVIEbbenaHcuH plkmµmanBitEmn nig [plBitEmn eFVIl¥ )anl¥ eFVIGaRkk; )an
GaRkk; RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;Rtas;TukminxuseLIy ehIyBaküRtas;enH)anqøgkat;

60
karBiesaFn_mkrab;Ban;qñaMehIy eRkABIenH eyIgEfmTaMgemIleXIjPaBTIéTBIKñaEdl
mnusSmñak;² kñúgelakenH manditdamtamxøÜnmk taMgBIekIt)any:agc,as;RkELt
eTotpg .
TaMgGs;enHCaPsþútagGHGagy:agc,as;fa plkmµmanBitEmneday\tsgS½y
b¤ TaspþaseTACaRbkardéTeLIy cUrtaMgcitþeFVIGMeBIl¥cuH} .
enAeBlnwkdl;Gnusasn_rbs;RBHefr³ BicarNaeXIjfa erOgkmµlixitenH
GñkviTüasaRsþeTIbEtcab;epþImsikSa)antictYcb:uneNaH b:uEnþRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;rbs;
eyIgRTg;)anrkeXIjesckþIsrubrbs;kmµlixitenHfa ebIsøab;eTAehIyminsUnüsug
ebIeFVIl¥ eTAzansYK’ ebIeFVIGaRkk; eTAnrk ebIGs;kiels eTAniBVan .
eRBaHehtuenaH kalebICIvitrbs;eyIgenAvilsøab;vilekItteTAeToteT eyIgRtUv
taMgcitþlHbg;GMeBIGaRkk; eFVIGMeBIl¥ dusxat;citþ[pUrpg;kñúgCatienH[)aneRcIn buNü
EdlekItecjBIkareFVIGMeBIl¥nwgdwknaMBaMyYreyIg[eTAekItkñúgCatixagmux eyIgnwgdl;
RBmedayrUbsm,tþi RTBüsm,tþi nig stibBaØaRsYcRsal;Cab;xøÜneTA RBmTaMgnwg)an
eTAekItkñúgRKYsarEdlGb;rM nig bNþúHbNþalsIlFm’[eyIg)aneTotpg Ca»kas[
eyIgTTYleCaKC½ykñúgCIvitd¾l¥RbesIreLIgeTAral;PBral;CatiEdlRtUveTAekItsaCafµI
luHRtaEtnwgGs;kielskñúgCatiNamYy .
TnÞwmKñaenaHEdr ebI«BukmþayNacg;)anGñkmanbuNü[mkekItCakUn «Bukmþay
enaHRtUvtaMgcitþeFVIEtGMeBIl¥ lHbg;G)aymux TaMgxMsUFümnþceRmInPavnaduHxat;citþ[pUr
pg;Canic© edIm,ICabegÁalFanafa buNürbs;«Bukmþay nig buNürbs;kUnEdlnwgmkcab;
kMeNItenaHmaneRcInRbhak;RbEhlKña nuHÉgnwgeFVI[«Bukmþay)anTTYlGñkmanbuNü
mkekItCasmaCikrbs;RKYsarCasirImgÁlrbs;RKYsarterogeTA .

61
62
 PaKTI 1 ³ cak;RKwHsagRKYsar

beRgonkUnkñúgeBaH

elak«BukGñkmþayRKb;KñasuT§Etcg;[kUnxøÜnÉgmansuxPaBrwgmaM
nigCamnusSl¥TaMgGs; b:uEnþenAmanelak«BukGñkmþayCaeRcIineTotmin
dwgfa kar)ankUnl¥mkekIt BYkKat;RtUveRtomxøÜnhat;Bt;lt;dMnisS½yl¥²
rbs;xøÜnÉgcab;taMgBIeBlmunerobkar minEmncaM[kUnekItehIyeTIbcab;
epþImeT ebIeFVICaKMrUl¥[kUnmiin)aneT Bi)aknwgsgÇwmfakUnEdlekItmk
enaHnwgkøayCamnusSl¥dUcy:agBYkKat;R)afñacg;)anNas; .
63
 ehtudUecñH sUmelIkykerOg {karGb
karGb;
karGbrM;rbM nÞMnisS½ydl;
dlTarkkñ
;TarkkñúgépÞ}mkCRmabR)ab;
karpSaynisS½yl¥dl;kUnenH kñúgRBHBuT§sasnayl;eXIjfa Kb,IeFVIcab;taMgEtBIkUn
enAminTan;ekItemøH .
eBalKW karEdlGñkNamñak;man»kasmkekItCamnusS)anenaH minEmnRKan;Et
TwkGsuci (sperm) rbs;«BukpSMCamYynwgpáas (egg) rbs;mþayb:uneNaHeT k¾b:uEnþenA
manbdisn§iviBaØaNrbs;TarkkñúgeBaHpg CIvittUcmYyenHGaccab;epþImekIteLIgkñúgépÞ
mþay )aneRkamlkçxNÐfa TarkEdlmkcab;kMeNItenaHmankmµCarbs;xøÜnTaMgl¥TaMg
GaRkk;mankRmitRbhak;RbEhlnwgkmµrbs;«BukmþayenAeBlcab;bdisn§i .
ehtudUecñaH RbsinebI«BukmþaymansuxPaBmaMmYn mankiriyaRbRBwtþl¥ nigman
citþl¥ BYkKat;k¾man»kas)anbdisn§iviBaØaNl¥mkcab;kMeNItkñúgeBaH .
karGb;rMkUn Kb,Icab;epþImtaMgEtBIeBlmunmanTm¶n; KWfa «BukmþayRtUvRKb;RKg
karRbRBwtþrbs;xøÜn[)anl¥TaMgpøÚvkay vaca nig citþ GMeBIminl¥TaMgLayRtUvlHbg;
ecal[Gs; rkSasIl 5 [x¢ab;x¢ÜnCakareRtomTTYlbdisn§iviBaØaNl¥EdlRtUvmkekIt.
y:agehacNas; «BukmþayRtUvcab;epþImhat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜnÉg[)anl¥taMgBIeBl
munerobkar ehIyenAeBldwgxøÜnÉgfa manTm¶n; RtUvBüayamfñak;fñmTarkkñúgépÞ[)an
l¥EfmeTot KW RtUvRbugRby½tñxøÜn eTaHbICaedIrb¤eFVIclnaNa² ral;\riyabf cMNIGahar
EdlTTYlTan CaBiess cMNIGaharRbePTrsCatihiwrxøaMg RbePTGaharRtaMyUr
TwkRsvwg karelbfñaMepSg² b¤sUm,IEtkarsEmþgGarmµN_minl¥ k¾Kb,IecosvagEdr eRBaH
GVI² TaMgGs;enHsuT§EtmanplcMeBaH]bnisS½yrbs;ekµgTaMgGs; .
CnCaticinyl;Rtg;cMNucenH eTIbmanerOgniTanbUraNmYyeQµaHfa {beRgon beRgon
kUnkñúgeBaH}
eBaH .
kñúgeTskaleqgem:g manbgb¥ÚnRsI 2 nak;kMBugeFVIdMeNIreTARkabsMBH
hYgs‘uybuBVburs )anRbTHeXIjkatabluymYyRCuHenAEk,rpøÚv b¥ÚnRsIesamnsScitþ
CaxøaMg niyaynwgbgRsIfa
64
 {bgRsI éf¶enH eyIgqVak;EmnETn enHCasMNagl¥rbs;eyIg}
{b¥ÚnRsI laPenHeyIgTukmin)aneT}
{ehtuGIbgRsI} nagCab¥ÚnRsIsYredayq¶l;
{bgmanTm¶n; 3 ExehIy edIm,IGb;rMbnÞMnisS½ykUnrbs;bg[ekItmkmanKuNFm’
taMgEtBImanTm¶n;enaH bgk¾xMGb;rMkUnkñúgeBaHmin[CamnusSelaPln;cg;)anrbs;GVIEdl
miinEmnCarbs;xøÜn eyIgQrrgcaMm©as;RTBüenATIenHmYyRsbk;sincuH} .
PøamenaH k¾manRsImñak;eFVIdMeNIredIrkat;mk eXIjbgb¥ÚnTaMgBIrnak;enaHerIs
luy)anTaMgenAbEg¥bg¥g;rgcaMenAEk,rpøÚvdUecñaH eTIbeFVIButCaedIreTAsYrfa
{eXIjkatabluy´eT ?}
{enHÉg} b¥ÚnRsIeqøIy
RsIenaHniyayTaMgEPñkFM² fa {CaluyEdl´RCuH/[´suMvij/mþay´kMBugEtrgcaM
luyenHykeTATijRsahUb}
GñkCabgRsIsYrfa{eFVIRCuHtaMgBIefµIrNa?}
RsIenaHniyayevosvag fa {kuM)ac;sYreRcIneBk}
xN³enaH manRsImñak;eTotedIrcUlmkrkBYknagedayTwkmuxehorrhameday
TwkEPñk saksYredaysemøgj½rrnfa {sUmeTasbgRsI/BYkbgQrenAmþúMenHman)an
eXIjkat:abluy´eT Gm,aj;mijenH ´)ankan;luyedIrkat;pøÚvenH edIm,IykeTA
TijRkdasmanRkdasR)ak; eTAbBa©úHsBmþay b:uEnþkatabluyenaHRCuH)at;eTAeday
mindwgxøÜn>>>}
RsIEdlcUlmkmunenH luHlWRsIeRkAenHGagmanehtupl eTIbecosecjeTA .
bgb¥ÚnRsITaMgBIr eTIbRbKl;kat:abluyenaHdl;RsIEdlCam©as;luyBit nag
eRtkGrcitþNas;TaMgEføgGMNrKuNCaGenkcMeBaHbgb¥ÚnRsITaMgBIrnak;enaH .
bgb¥ÚnRsITaMgBIrnak;eTIbeFVIdMeNIrteTAeTot b¥ÚnRsIniyayfa {bgRsI/ bgÉg
edaHRsaybBaða)anl¥Nas; ´Kitfa RbsinebImanGñkNamñak;mkGHGagfa xøÜnCam©as;
énkat:abluyenaH bgk¾RbKl;[eKPøam} .
65
 karEdlGñkNamñak; man»kasmkekItCamnusS)anenaH
minEmnRKan;EtTwkGsuci(sperm)rbs;«BukpSMCamYynwg
páas (egg) rbs;mþayb:uneNaHeTk¾b:uEnþenAmanbdisn§i
viBaØaNrbs;TarkmkekItkñúgeBaHpg

bgRsIniyayfa {CYyeK RtUvEtCYy[dl;TIbMput eTaHeFVIkargarNak¾eday

minRtUve)aHbg;ecalkNþaleKakeLIy kalebIcab;epþImehIy RtUvEteFVI[dl;TIbMput
ebIbgRBmRbKl;kat:abluyeTA[RsIelaPln;EdlmkGagxøÜnfaCam©as;énkatabluy
enaHgay² s‘UykluyenaHmkTukminRbesIrCagrW enAeBleyIgerIsluy)anehIy RtUv
EtEsVgrkm©as;luyBit[Tal;EteXIj bgcg;[kUnkñúgeBaHbgCakUnl¥ bgeTIbcab;
Gb;rMvataMgBIenAkñúgeBaH .
b¥ÚnRsIgk;k,alTTYlBaküedaycitþsaTr .
elIkykniTanerOgenHmkdMNal edIm,Icg¥úl[eXIjfa karGb;rMekµg[Ca
mnusSl¥enaH RtUvcab;Gb;rMtaMgBITarkenAkñúgépÞ ebImþaydwgxøÜnfamanTm¶n;ehIy xøÜnÉg
enABisaRsa Ck;)arI «Bukk¾ENnaMmþay[Kit niyay nig eFVIEtGVI² Edlminl¥ kUnk¾sauMnwg
66
GVI² Edlminl¥taMgBIenAkñúgeBaH TaMgGacCa»kas[TarkenaHekItmkCaekµgBikar)an
eTotpg pÞúyeTAvij ebI«BukmþayBüayambnSauMkUnedayKuNFm’GMeBIl¥taMgBIenAkñúgeBaH
pÞHxñgenaHc,as;Ca)ankUnl¥mkekIty:agBitR)akd .
eRBaHehtuenaH karGb;rMkUn[CamnusSl¥ «BukmþayRtUvEtmanemeronl¥mk
Gb;rMkUn taMgBIenAminTan;ekIt kareFVIdUecñHCaeRKOgbBa¢ak;c,as;fa«Bukmþaynwg[
kMeNItdl;kUnl¥ TaMgciBa©wmbI)ac;kUn[CaBlrdæl¥terogeTA .

67
68
 PaKTI 2

karciBa©wmkUn[CamnusSsøÚtbUt

69
70
 PaKTI 2 karciBa©wmkUn[CamnusSsøÚtbUt

viFIciBa©wmkUn[køayCaBlrdævagévnigBlrdæl¥

BiPBelakeyIgsBVéf¶kan;EttUceTA² karpøas;bþÚrEpñkxageRkA
RbeTsmanplb:HTgÁicdl;sßanPaBesdækic©nigsgÁmkñúgRbeTsya:gqab;
rh½s karrs;enArbs;RKYsar sgÁm nig RbeTsCati GaRs½yeTAelI
«BukmþaymancMeNHdwg smtßPaBnigGMeBIl¥eRcInb:unNa kñúgkarciBa©wm
kUn[køayCaBlrdævagév nigBlrdæl¥ .

karciBa©wmkUn[køayCaBlrdævagévnigBlrdæl¥ RBmTaMgCaBlrdæ
Qøasévcat;TukCaGaTiPaBcm,gEdl«BukmþayemIlrMlgmin)aneToteT
vagévEtminl¥ k¾eTAminrYc l¥Etminvagévk¾minTan;sgÁm RtUvman TaMgvag
évnigl¥eTIbTan;sgÁm eTIbdwknaMBaMyYrRbeyaCn_rYmeTA)an .

71
 RKYsarxøH «Bukk¾CamnusSl¥ mþayk¾CamnusSl¥ kUnk¾Caekµgqøat b:uEnþ«Bukmþay
ciBa©wmkUnminekIt TIbMputkUnkøayCaekµgmanbBaða edaysarEt«BukmþayrkedImehtu
énbBaðamineXIjfa xøÜnÉgxVHcenøaHRtg;Na .

RKYsar 4 RbePT
karEdl«BukmþayciBa©wmkUn[køayCaBlrdævagévnigBlrdæl¥)an
RtUvmanktþasMxan; 2 Rbkar[kUndUcteTAenH
1¦ ecHci
ecHciBa©wmkUn[køayCaBlrdæ
yCaBlrdævagévnigBlrdæl¥l¥
2¦ eBlevlasRmab;
eBlevlasRmabkareRbonRbedAbgð
;kareRbonRbedAbgðat;tGb;
kare ;GbrMrMrM;r[M køayCaBlrdævagévnig
Gb
Blrdæl¥l¥
b:uEnþedaysarEt«BukmþayénRKYsarxøH[ktþasMxan; 2 RbkarenH )anminesµIKña
sBVéf¶enH eyIgeTIbemIleXIjRKYsar 4 RbePTEdlekIteLIgkñúgsgÁm KW
RbePTTI 1 maneBlevla b:buE: nþKµancMncMeNHdwg
RbePTTI 2 mancMeNHdwg b:buE: nþKµaneBlevla
neBlevla
RbePTTI 3 KµanTaMgcMeNHdwg KµanTaM nTaMgeBlevla
RbePTTI 4 manTaMmanTaMgcMeNHdwg manTaM
manTaMgeBlevla
RKYsar 3 RbePTxagedIm CaRKYsarEdlkUnTTYlkarGb;rMbnÞMnisS½y[CaBlrdæ
l¥)anticNas; sUm,IsßitenAkñúgRkumRKYsarEdlmanzan³l¥xagmasR)ak;k¾eday k¾buE: nþ
hak;bIdUcCaRtUvbENþtbeNþay[eTAtamyfakmµ kUnman»kasxUcxøÜneRcInNas;
eRBaHedIrxusKnøgFm’t,it«BukmþaymindwgxøÜn .
RKYsarRbePTTI 4 CaRKYsarEdlkUn)anTTYlkarpþl;TaMgcMeNHdwg nigsmtßPaB
RBmTaMgGMeBIl¥)any:ageBjTI eRBaH«Bukmþay[cMeNHdwg nigeBlevladl;kUny:ag
Cab;lab; minbENþtbeNþayeTAtamyfakmµeT sUm,Izan³xagesdækic©Gacfaminl¥k¾
eday b:uEnþkUnk¾mansmtßPaBkñúgkarsagRKwHsßanCIvitrbs;xøÜnÉg)anya:gBitR)akd .
72
 karEdl«BukmþayciBa©wmkUn[køayCaBlrdævagévnig
Blrdæl¥)anRtUvmanktþasMxan;Rbkar[kUndUcteTAenH

1¦ ecHciBa©wmkUn[køayCaBlrdævagévnigBlrdæl¥
2¦ eBlevlasRmab
vlasRmab;;kareRbonRbedAbgð
eBlevlasRmab kareRbonRbedAbgðat;t;Gb;
Gb;rMrM[
Gb
køayCaBlrdævagévnig

cMeNHdwgkñúgkarciBa©wmbI)ac;kUn
tamkarsikSaRsavRCav)anrkeXIjfa kñúgRBHBuT§sasnamanmUldæanRKwH Edl
eRbIkñúgkarciBa©wmkUn[køayCaBlrdævagévnigBlrdæl¥ dkRsg;ecjBIesovePAeQµaHfa {
viFIciBa©wmkUn[RsukExµr)anyuvCnl¥
Cnl} rbs; mUlniFiGPivDÆn_
DÆnkarsw
_karswkSaedIm,IsIlFm’ eTIb
)ansuMGnuBaØatsrubxøwmsarmkCRmabR)ab;[lµmyl;)an RbsinebImancMNucNaEdl
GñkGancg;dwgc,as; GacsikSa)anBIesovePAEdl)aneBalmk nigCYydl;karciBa©wmkUn
l¥eLIg)anedayminlM)ak .

73
 «BukmþayEdlCaGñkmankaryl;dwg mansmtßPaBlµmnwgciBa©wmbI)ac;kUn[
CaBlrdævagév nigmnusSl¥BitR)akd)an GacGFib,ayya:gc,as;)an 4 cMNucteTAenH
taMgBIeBlmunnwgKitmankUnCamYyKñaenaH RtUvdwgfa
1¦ kUnl¥RtUvmanGVIxøH?
2¦ nisS½yl¥nigGaRkk;
GaRkkrbs;
;rbs
rbskU;knU ekIteLIg)andUcemþc?
3¦ eFVIdUcemþceTIbGacbeNþúHnis½yl¥EdlekIteLIgkñúgrUbkUn)anseRmc?
anseRmc?
4¦ GMeBIl¥sagPaBvagév[
agPaBvagév[dl;dlkU;knU )andUcemþc?
eRBaHTaMg 4 cMNucenH CacMeNHdwgEdl«BukmþayKYrdwgmuneBlmankUn RBHsmµa
sm<úT§Cam©as;RBHbrmsasþarbs;BuT§bris½T RTg;manBaküeRbonRbedAEdlTak;Tgnwg
erOgteTAenH

KuNsm,tirbs;kUnl¥manGVIxøH ?
KuNsm,tirbs;kUnl¥man 3 Rbkar dUnta)annaMykKuNsm,tiEdlCaeKal 3
Rbkarrbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;mkniyayCasMnYngay² fa
1¦ mineQøIy ¬mkBIRBHbrisuT§iKuN ¦
2¦ minl¶g; ¬mkBIRBHbBaØaFiKuN ¦
3¦ minxVHTwkcitþ ¬mkBIRBHmhakruNaFiKuN ¦
ekµgNak¾eday[EtmanKuNsm,ti 3 RbkarenH ehAfa {kUkUnl¥} CaekµgEdl
eRtomRBmdl;karTTYlyknUvkarpþl;cMeNHviC¢aepSg²BIRKYviTüacarü eRkABIenHEfmTaMg
CaTRmRTykKuNFm’ÉeTot² [ceRmInekIneLIg)aneTotpg ]bmadUcCadIl¥ naMBUCGVI
mkdaMk¾manpll¥TaMgGs;.

edImkMeNItnis½yrbs;kUn)anmkBINa?
kalebI«BukmþaydwgehIyfa KuNsm,tirbs;kUnl¥ RtUvminl¶g; mineQøIy
minxVHTwkcitþ mansMNYrsYreLIgfa cuHbNþúHKuNsm,tiTaMgGs;enH)any:agdUcemþc ?
74
 karbNþúHKuNsm, sm,ti KW CakarbNþ
CakarbNþúHnis½y
nisS½y KW Tmøab;b; b¤ Gtþcritrbs;rbsbu;bKu Álmñak;k²; EdlekItecjGMBIkarKi
arKit kar
niyay nigkareFVICaerOy² aerOy² rhUtdl;
dlFø;Faø b ; ehIymanpldl;
manpldlkarekI
;karekItGMeBIl¥ b¤
kar
GaRkk;
GaRkkkñ;kúgñ xøÜnrbs;
rbsbu;bKu ÁlenaH.
enaH.
RbsinebIbeNþay[kUnKit niyay nig eFVIGVI²EdlxusTMng sUm,IEterOgtUctac
CaerOy² kUnnwgekItmanTmøab;eFVIxusTal;EtFøab; nigGackøayCamnusSGaRkk;naéf¶
GnaKt.
pÞúyeTAvij RbsinebIbgðat;[kUnKit niyay nigeFVIGVI²EdlRtwmRtUv sUm,IEt
erOgbnþicbnþÜcCaTmøab; kUnnwgekItmanTmøab;eFVIRtwmRtUvrhUtkøayCanisS½y nwgkøayCa
mnusSl¥naGnaKt.
GVI²EdlmnusSKit niyay nig eFVIRcMEdl² man 3 y:ag KW
1> bc©½y 4
2> eFVIkargar
3> kic©kararRbcaMéf¶f
]TahrN_ nisS½yEdlekItecjBIkareRbIR)as;bc©½y 4/ ekµg 3 nak; Em:bMe)ATwk
edaHkñúgevlaxus²Kña k¾mannisS½ymindUcKña
ekµgTI 1 mþay[ y[TWkedaHe)
edaHe)AmineTogeBlevla RKan;EtvaXøanmin)ane)A
k¾yMLaM)a: ekµgeTIbRsUbyknisS½yeTas³ RtUvrjiúgrjaMgmuneBl)ane)A ehIyk¾Cab;
nisS½yfa ebIcg;)anGVI k¾RtUvTamTartv:a RtUvbMpøaj bIdUcCa«Bukmþay)ankUnxøamk
ciBa©wmTukdUecñaH .

75
 ekµgTI 2 mþay[ y[TwkedaHe)
edaHe)ARKb;
ARKbeBlevla
;eBlevla sUm,IEtekµgminXøan TwkedaH
k¾hUrcUlmat;ekµgEdr ekµgkøayCaekµgeføas GarmµrN_l¥ EkmineLIg eRBaHRcGUs
RceGoc bIdUnCa«Bukmþay)ankUnRCUkmkciBa©wmTukdUecñaH.
ekµgTI 3 mþay[ y[TwkedaHe)
edaHe)AeTogeBlevla RsUbyknisS½yeTogeBlevla
suxPaBrwgmaM manehtupl GarmµrN_l¥ TTYlxusRtUv seRmccitþya:gl¥ RsYlciBa©wm
bIdUcCa«Bukmþay)anbNÐitGñkR)aCJmkenAkñúgpÞHdUecñaH.
eRBaHehtudUecñaH edImkMeNItnisS½yl¥ nigGaRkk;rbs;kUn)anmkBIkarhat;Bt;
lt;dMkUn[ Kit niyay nig eFVI RcMEdl² tamry³bc©½y 4 tamry³kargar nigtam
ry³kic©karRbcaMéf¶kñúgpøÚvl¥ b¤ GaRkk;enaHÉg.
RbsinebI «Bukmþaycg;bNþúHKuNsm,tþil¥ KW min[eqatl¶g; min[RceLagxam
min[xVHTwkcitþdl;kUnCaTIRsLaj;rbs;xøÜn «BukmþayRtUvEtbgðat;kareKarBrebobvin½y
nigGt;Fn;edaybgðat;tamry³bc©½ybYnEdlkUneRbIR)as; bgðat;kargarEdlkUnTTYl
xusRtUv b¤ kic©karRbcaMéf¶rbs;kUn nisS½yl¥ KW mineqatl¶g; minRceLagxam minxVH
Twkcitþ rEmgekIteLIgmkelIxøÜnrbs;kUnya:gBitR)akd.

ciBa©wmkUndUcemþcmin[eqatl¶g;
ekµgEdlmineqatl¶g;enaH «BukmþayRtUvbgðat;bBaØarbs;kUntamry³kareKarB
kareKarB KW karyl;c,as;kñúgKuNtémø b¤ KuNRbeyaCn_[)anRtwmRtUvtamesckþIBit
EdlbuKÁlenaH b¤ vtßúenaHmanenAkñúgxøÜn.
bBaØa EckecjCa 2 Rbkar KW bBaØapøÚvelak nig bBaØapøÚvFm’
bBaØapøÚvelak KW cMeNHdwgsRmab;eFVIkargarciBa©wmCIvitEtfaebIKµansIlFm’KYbpSM
eT ekµgk¾GacykcMeNHdwgenaHeTAeRbIkñúgpøÚvxus)an dUcCamancMeNHdwgxagpøÚveBTü
b:uEnþminykeTAplit»sfBüa)almnusSeT EbrCaykeTAplit ehrUGiun naMecjeTA
lk;TUTaMgBiPBelak eRBaHehtuenaH bBaØapøÚvelakRtUvKUKñaCamYynwgbBaØapøÚvFm’pg .
76
 bBaØapøÚvFm’
Fm KW³ bBaØaEdleRbIsRmab;Garkat;RtUvxus l¥GaRkk; buNü)ab
KYrminKYr EdlekµgRtUvGaRs½ykarsikSaBaküeRbonRbedAkñúgRBHBuT§sasna nig
hVwkhat;karRbtibtþiEdl«BukmþaynaMkUn[eFVIkareKarBdUnta edIm,ITTYlsþab;«vaT sþab;
KMnitbTBiesaFn_[Tan;sgÁm Tan;Civit Tan;mnusSFM.
RbPBénbBaØapøÚvFm’EdleKarBehIyeFVI[ekItbBaØa man 7 y:ag KW
1/ eKarBRBHBu
eKarBRBHBuT§
2/ eKarBRBHFm’
eKarBRBHFm’
3/ eKarBRBHsgÇ
eKarBRBHsgÇ
4/ eKarBkarsi
eKarBkarsikSa
5 eKarBkareFV
eKarBkareFVIsmaFi
6/ eKarBkarmi
eKarBkarminRbmaT
7/ eKarBbdi
eKarBbdisNæarkic©
RbPBbBaØapøÚvFm’TaMg 7 y:agenH kan;Etbgðat;ekµg[emIleXIjKuNtémø nig
KuNRbeyaCn_tamkarBit)anb:unNa bBaØapøÚvFm’rbs;ekµgkan;EtPøWsVageLIg)anb:un
eNaH.
ebIekµgNaman«BukmþayEdlsikSaFm’BIRbPBbBaØapøÚvFm’TaMg 7 y:agenH edIm,I
eRtomxøÜnmkbeRgonkUntaMgEtmunerobGaBah_BiBah_ehIy CasMNagl¥Nas; KW «Buk
mþay k¾nwg)ankUnmanbuNümkekItCabNÐitGñkR)aCJkñúgpÞH ehIykUnk¾)an«BukmþayCa
RbPBbBaØapøÚvFm’rgcaM/ vgSRtkUlenHk¾manEtbNÐitGñkR)aCJmkekItCakUnecAedIm,I
sagesckþIceRmInrugerOgdl;vgSRtkUl.

ciBa©wmkUndUcemþcmin[RBehIn
ekµgEdlminRBehInenaH «Bukmþayk¾RtUvhVwkhat;ekµg[manvin½yTaMgpøÚvelak

77
nigpøÚvFm’ tamry³kareRbIR)as;bc©½ybYn kargarkñúgpÞH nigkic©karRbcaMéf¶ eday«Buk
mþayRtUveFVI[kUnemIlCaKMrUmunsin.
vin½yxagpøÚvelak 4 yag:ag KW
1> vin½ycMeBaHBaküsMdI
karbgðat;vin½ycMeBaHBaküsMdImaneKalfa «BukmþayRtUvniyayvacasuPasit[
kUnsþab; nigminRtUvniyaykuhkkUn RtUvcg¥úlR)ab;eTaskMhusénkarkuhk[kUnsþab;fa
karkuhkeFVI[citþxUcmaRtdæan nwgkøayCamnusSvegVgvgVan; kUneTIbmanvin½ycMeBaH
BaküsMd.
2> vin½ycMeBaHeBlevla
karbgðat;vin½ycMeBaHeBlevla maneKalfa RtUvbgðat;[kUnPJak;tameBlevla
jauMtameBlevla rW eKgtameBlevla .
PJak;ktameBlevla
;tameBlevla KW PJak;taMgBIRBlwmedIm,IbnSauMkUnmin[Ck;ePøInnwgkaredk
CaBiesskUnRsI ebIerobkareTAehIy enAEtedkRTmYk nwgkøayCaedImehtuénkarElg
lHKña)an .
eKgtameBlevla KW eKgBIRBlb; ebIeKgyb;eRCAeBk ekµgmincg;PJak;BIRBlwm
eT enAeBlmþaymkdas; mincg;eRkakeLIgeLIy eTIberonRbEkktv:a«BukmþayTaMg
RBlwm køayCamnusSmanButt,út.
hUbtameBlevla KW dl;eBl)ayRtUvmkhUb)ay[Rtg;eBlevla ebIekµgNa
maneraKRkBHtaMgBItUcmk teTAmuxnwgmanbBaðarhUtmYyCivit KWfa minGaceFVIkargar
F¶n;)an CYbKMnabsgát;k¾QWRkBHPøam.
3> vin½ycMeBaHGnam½y
ekµgEdlminecHrkSaGnam½y Bi)akcUlsgÁmCamYyeKNas; «BukmþayRtUv
beRgonviFIrkSaGnam½y[ecH dUcCa beRgon[ecHgUtTwk KW eRbITwktic sabU‘tic
eBlevlatic b:uEnþs¥at)at.

78
 4> vin½ycMeBaHsNþab;Fñab;
ekµgEdlKµansNþab;Fñab; eBleTAeFVIkarCamYyeK k¾ekItmanbBaðab:HTgÁic eRBaH
minyl;erOgkargartamlMdab;fñak; minsÁal;karcat;Ecgkargar minecHrkSaTukkargar
Bi)aknwgTTYleCaKC½y.
vin½ypøÚvFm’ mansIl 5 CalMdab;bzm
ekµgEdlminrkSasIl 5 enAeBlFMeLIg k¾nwgbgábBaðadl;RKYsar ebIExSCivit
RkLab;cak; c,as;CanwgeRtomxøÜnkøayCa]RkidæCn)annaeBlGnaKt eRBaHfa
minrkSasIlxTI 1 naMmknUvbBaða]Rkidækmµ
minrkSasIlxTI 2 naMmknUvbBaðaGMeBIBukrlYy
minrkSasIlxTI 3 naMmknUvbBaðaeBsüacar
minrkSasIlxTI 4 naMmknUvbBaðakuhke)
ke)akR)
akR)as
minrkSasIlxTI 5 naMmknUvbBaðaG)
G)aymuxeBjRbeTs

viFIciBa©wmkUnmin[xVHTwkcitþ
ekµgEdlBuMmanTwkcitþenaH RtUvbgðat;[CamnusSEdlBwgxøÜnÉg)anCamunsin eTIb
GacCYyseRgÁaHGñkdéT)an erOgenH«BukmþayRtUvbgðat;kUn[manGMGMNt;tGt;;GtFn
Gt ;Fn Cab;
tamxøÜneTA .
ebIemIlRtYs² ekµgEdlminRBehIn mineqatl¶g; k¾lµmCamnusSl¥)anehIy b:uEnþ
karBit KW minTan;
TanRKb;
;RKbRKan;
RKb ;RKaneT;eT eRBaHekItCamnusSehIy RtUvsagRbeyaCn_
RKan sagRbeyaCnrY_rmY pg
]TahrN_fa eyIgdaMedImsVayTuk 1 edIm eRsacTwk BUndI dak;CI/ ry³eBl 10 qñaM
knøgeTA eXIjfa sVayenaHk¾enAEtminecjpáaEpødEdl TIbMputk¾RtUvEtKas;rMelIgedIm
sVayenaHecal .

79
 ya:gNamij kUnrbs;eyIgk¾dUcKñaEdr ebICamnusSrIgs¶ÜtTwkcitþ eTATINak¾enAEt
RkxSt;Gs;mYyCIvit luHdl;eBlxøÜnÉgekþARkhay k¾KµanGñkNacg;lUkédcUlCYy
seRgÁaH BIeRBaHxøÜnrIgs¶ÜtTwkcitþnwgGñkdéTedayeRcIn .
karbgðat;PaBminrIgs¶ÜtTwkcitþdl;kUnenaH RtUvbgðat;[ecHBwgxøÜnÉgtamry³
GMNt;Gt;Fn 4 kRmit KW ³
1¦ Gt;
GtFncM
;FncMeBaHesckþIlM)ak nwgeFVI[kUnCamnusSGt;Fµt;ts‘UminxøacjejItkar
lM)akepSg² .
2¦ Gt;GtFncM
;FncMeBaHTukçevTna nwgeFVI[kUnecHEfrkSasuxPaBxøÜnÉg minButt,út
minButQW edIm,IeKcevHkarsikSa .
3¦ Gt;
GtFncM
;FncMeBaHkarb:
BaHkarbHTgÁ
:HTgÁic nwgeFVI[kUnecHeFVIkargarCaRkum CamnusSminman
cMNucexSay minRkeGagekagkac mineFVIxøÜnÉgdUcCamnusSFM ecHdak;xøÜn[smnwg
zan³xøÜn.
4¦ Gt;GtFncM
;FncMeBaHkarGUsTajrbs;
Tajrbski;kei ls nwgeFVI[kUnminxUcxøÜn)anedaygay
CaBiess minFøak;xøÜneTACaTaskrrbs; kiesl 4 x KW sura fñaMejon/ eRKOgGUsTaj
pøÚvePT/ luykak;masR)ak;/ BakübeBa¢arykcitþ nigbBaðaepSg²eTot/ eRKOgGUsTaj
rbs;kiels TaMgenHnaMmknUvbBaðaFM² CaeRcIndl;sgÁm .
]TahrN_dUcCa bBaðaGMeBIBukrlYyekItecjBI«Bukmþay min)anbeRgon[kUn
Gt;FncMeBaHkarTak;Tajrbs;kiels TaMgmin)anbNþúHbNþalKtiRbcaMcitþ[kUn dUcCa
fa {evocsI
evocsIuqab;
abGs;
;Gs; esµaHsIurhUt b¤pøpÚvø evocKYre)e)aHbg;
Gs aHbg; pøÚvRtg;
RtgKY;KrY xMedIr} elIsBIenaHeTot
«BukmþayelIkTwkcitþkUn[bUCaluy fVIebIluyminGacTijGVI² )anRKb;ya:gk¾eday
dUcCa minGacTijvisuT§PaBéncitþ)anCaedIm .
kalebI«Bukmþaybgðat;kUn[emIleXIjluyRbesIrCagGMeBIl¥EbbenH luHekµg
FMeLIgk¾minxøacGVITaMgGs; eFVIy:agNak¾eday[Et)anluy eTaHbIekgRbv½Ba©eK

80
k¾suxcitþEdr Rtg;enHÉgEdleFVI[RbeTslUtlas;eTAmuxelOn fVIebImanFnakrFmµCati
eRcInCagRbeTsTaMgLaykñúgelakenHk¾eday dUcCa sigðburI kUer: Cb:un CaedIm .

GMeBIl¥sagPaBvagév[kUndUcemþc
eRkayBIGanesovePA ciBa©wmkUndUcemþc[Cati)anyuvCnl¥ cb;ehIy cMNucEdl
TTYl)an KW yl; yldw;dgw kñúgerOgGMeBIl¥sagPaBvagév[
agPaBvagév[kUn)andUcemþc GacGFib,ay)andUc
teTAenH
eyIgTaMgGs;Kñadwgc,as;ehIyfa ekµgRKb;KñasuT§Etcg;køayCamnusSl¥TaMgGs;
EtfaekµgbIdUcCaRkNat;sEdl«BukmþayCaGñklabBN’ ebIlabBN’)anRtwmRtUvtam
viFIsaRsþ «Bukmþayk¾TTYl)anRkNat;BN’Rss;eqItqay b:uEnþebIlabBN’)anminRtwm
RtUvtamviFIsaRsþeT k¾TTYl)anRkNat;xUc eRbIR)as;min)an RtUve)aHRkNat;enaHecal
b:uEnþkarciBa©wmkUn[køayCamnusSl¥ minEmndUcCakarlabBN’RkNat;senaHeT ebIxus
eføaHeFøayehIy Ekvij)anedaykRm ¬lM)ak¦ .
viFIsaRsþRtwmRtUv KW buKÁlEdlenACuMvijxøÜnekµg RtUveFVIxøÜn[CaKMrUl¥ edIm,I[ekµg
emIl
1¦ «BukmþayRtUveFVICaKMrUl¥[kUn
2¦ RtUvrkmitþl¥[kUnesBKb;esBKb;
3¦ RtUvrkesovePAl¥[kUnGan
4¦ RtUvnaMkUneTAeKarBRKUl¥
eRBaHbuKÁlEdlenACuMvijTaMgGs;enH GacCaKMrUdl;ekµgkñúg 3 erOgdUcteTAenH KW
1¦ KMrUénkareFVIkargar[)
argar[)anRtw
[)anRtwmRtUv
2¦ KMrUénkarRKb;
nkarRKbRKgeBlevla[)
;RKgeBlevla[)anRtw
RKgeBlevla [)anRtwmRtUv
3¦ KMrUénkarRbIR)as;
asbc©
;bc©½y 4 [)anRtw
[)anRtwmRtUv

81
 mUlehtuEdlGacCabuKÁlKMrUkñúg 3 erOgenH)an k¾eRBaHbuKÁlRbePTenH nwgman
GtþcritpÞal;xøÜn 3 Rbkar dUcteTAenH
1¦ ecHRKb;RKgKuNPaB
mnusSEdlecHRKb;
SEdlecHRKbRKgKu
;RKgKuNPaB )andl;
andl; mnusSEdlTTYlxusRtUvkic©karNa
ehIy RtUvEteFVIkic©karenaH[)
arenaH[)ansñ
[)ansñaédl¥bMput karEdleKeFVI)anya:genH BIeRBaHeKman
smtßPaBkñúgkarkMNt;KuNPaBl¥)anc,as;las; dwgviFIsaRsþkñúgkareFVIkargar eFVI[
kic©karmanKuNPaBl¥ enAeBleKeFVIkargark¾eFVIedayeBjTMhwgGs;fVIéd yl;Tan;
]bsKÁbBaðaEdlRtUvRby½tñkñúgkareFVIkargarfamanGVIxøH ehIyrkmeFüa)aykarBar)an
y:agRKb;RCugeRCaymuneBlbBaðaekIteLIg .
GñkEdlGaceFVI)andl;fñak;enH ebIminEdlmanesckþIeKarBkñúgkarsikSa pþl;
kitþiysdl;GñkdéT mincab;kMhusGñkdéTmkBImuneT c,as;CaKµanpøÚvTTYl)anbBaØa
eRcIndl;fñak;enHeT eRBaHKµannrNaRBmpþl;cMeNHdwgnigbTBiesaFn_xøÜnÉgdl;GñkEdl
mineKarBkñúgsmtßPaBrbs;GñkdéTya:gBitR)akdenaHeT .
dUecñH ebIkUneyIg)anTTYlkarhat;Bt;lt;dMerOgesckþIeKarBmkBIpÞHTaMg)aneXIj
KMrUl¥BIbuKÁlTaMgGs;enHehIy eKnwgkøayCamnusSEdlsÁal;KuNtémøénesckþIeKarB nig
sÁal;viFIénkarKitkMNt;KuNPaBrbs;kargar sÁal;viFIkareFVIkargarl¥ nigsÁal;GVIEdlKYr
RbugRby½tñkñúgkareFVIkargar CaehtuEdleFVI[eKmanPaBvagévkñúgerOgkargarya:gman
RbsiT§iPaBtambuKÁlKMrU)anenATIbMput .
2¦ ecHRKb;RKgeBlevla
mnusSEdlecHRKb;RKgeBlevla )andl; mnusSEdlecHé;llkkargar eTaHbIebI
eFVIkargarGVI k¾GacemIlFøúH)antamlMdab;lMeday cat;eroglMdab;)anfa GVIKYreFVImun GVIKYr
eFVIeRkay ehIylMdab;nImYy² RtUvcMNayeBlevlaGs;bu:nµan eTIbseRmc)antam
eBlevla rW ebIeFVIehIymuneBlkMNt;k¾kan;EtRbesIr.
GñkEdlGacRKb;RKgeBlevlakñúgkareFVIkargar)andl;fñak;enH ebIminEdl)an
TTYlkarhat;Bt;lt;dMerOgvin½ykñúgxøÜn)anx<s;eT c,as;CaminGaceFVIkargar)aneLIy
82
eRBaHeKyl;c,as;faeBlevlaCamasR)ak; eBlevlaEdlknøgputeTAminGacehAmk
vij)aneT eBlevlaknøgeTAminRtwmEtnaMyk»kasl¥eTAb:ueNaHeT b:uEnþEfmTaMgnaMmk
nUvcMNas;cas;Cradl;xøÜneTotpg .
cMENkÉmnusSEdlminFøab;eFVIGVI[eTogTat;eBlevla c,as;CaRsUbyknisS½y
eFVIGVI² eTAtamTMenIgcitþxøÜnÉg ebIeKRtUvGñkdéTdak;kMhiteBlevla[eFVIkargar eKnwg
s¥úHs¥ab;tab;Rbm:l;eFVImin)an eRBaHmiinEdleronvin½yéllkeBlevlamkBImun Føab;Et
eFVIGVI² eRscEtGMeBIcitþ eRscEtGarmµN_rbs;xøÜn eTIbCakarBi)akEdlnwgeFVIkargar[
)anseRmctameBlevlakMNt; .
mnusSEdlecHcat;EcgeBlevla)anl¥bMputKWmnusSEdlFøab;hat;Bt;lt;dMvin½y
cMeBaHxøÜnÉgmkTukmun mann½yfa eronkMNt;eBlevladl;katBVkic©kargarrbs;xøÜnCa
erogral;éf¶ luHmkeFVIkargarNak¾eFVIkargarenaHeTAtamEpnkar tameBlevla)an
ya:gsuRkit\txusqÁg .
dUecñH kalebIkUneyIg)anTTYlkarbgðat;vin½ymkBIpÞHmYycMnYnehIy )aneXIjKMrU
mkBIbuKÁlEdlecHcat;EcgeBlevlamkxøHehIy eKnwgkøayCamnusSEdlyl;dwgnUv
KuNtémørebobvin½ynigeBlevla TaMgCaehtueFVI[eKecHcat;EcgeBlevla[man
RbsiT§iPaBkan;EtxøaMgeLIg enHCaviFIbNþúHnisS½yGntþTtßPaB ¬PaBCaGñkmiineXIjEt
RbeyaCn_xøÜn¦ [CamnusSmineFVIGVI² tamTMenIgcitþxøÜnÉg TaMgCaviFIhucpl[eKman
bdiPaNvagévkñúgkarRKb;RKgeBlevla nig kargar)antambuKÁlKMrUenATIbMput .
3¦ ecHRKb;RKgfvika
mnusSEdlecHRKb;
SEdlecHRKbRKgfvi
;RKgfvika )andl;
andl; mnusSEdlGacerobcMEpnkarcMNay
cMNUlfvika)a)anya:
anyagmanRbsi
:gmanRbsiT§iPaB cMNayFnFanticbuE: nþ)anTTYlRbeyaCn_
RbeyaCneRcI
_eRcIn
bMput .
mnusSEdlecHRKb;RKgfvika RtUvdwgfaGVIcaM)ac; b¤ mincMa)ac; TaMgminykfvika
enaHeTAcayvayx¢Hx¢ay buKÁlEbbenHRtUvecHRbemIlemIlCamunfakarcMNayfvikaenaH
nwgekItplRbeyaCn_dl;semahPaBEdrrWeT eKdwgfa karcayvayfvikak,itek,oteBk
83
naM[KuNPaBkargarFøak;cuH b¤ ebIkarcayvayfvikaeRcIneBknaM[mankarx¢HxÐayfvika
eKmanesckþIesµaHRtg; minéKbnøMykedIm,IRbeyaCn_suxxøÜnÉg b¤ bkSBYkeLIy .
ebIGgÁkarsmaKmNaxVHmnusSEdlecHRKb;RKgfvikaehIy GgÁkarsmaKmenaH
nwgCYbRbTHbBaðaEpñkhirBaØvtßúedaysarEpnkarhirBaØvtßúminc,as;las; nig RcbUkRcbl;
hñwgÉg karN_enHnwgnaMmknUvbraC½ydl;Epnkar TaMgxVHTMnukTukcitþKñakñúgcMeNamGñk
eFVIkarCamYyKñaeTotpg¬shkarI¦ ehIyTIbMputk¾manekr’þ_eQµaHGesac.
mnusSEdlGacRKb;RKgfvikar)anRtwmRtUvnigmanRbsiT§iPaBl¥EbbenH eRBaH
Føab;hVwkhVat;xøÜnÉg eRBaHRtUvhVwkhat;[ecHGt;Fµt;cMeBaHPaBlM)ak Gt;Fµt;cMeBaH
TukçevTna Gt;Fµt;cMeBaHKemñIscitþ nig Gt;Fµt;cMeBaHeRKOgGUsTajrbs;kiels/ eday
sarGMNt;Gt;Fµt;enH eKecHeRbIR)as;bc©½ybYn)anya:gsnSMsMéc nig manRbeyaCn_
eRcInCaTIbMput .
eRBaHEtmanGMNt;Gt;Fn; nig KMrUsmrmü kUneTIbecHeRbIR)as;fvika nig eFVItamKMrU
)anenATIbMput .
karEdlekµgRsUbyklkçN³RtwmRtUv 3 RbkarenH BIbuKÁlEdlenACMuvijxøÜn Ca
buKÁlKMrUmkditCab;kñúgcitþ)an k¾nwgeFVI[ekµg)anTTYlkarpþl;KuNFm’GMeBIl¥ya:geBjTI
ehIynwgeFVI[eKmanPaBvagévkñúgkarRKb;RKgKuNPaB RKb;RKgeBlevla nig RKb;RKg
fvika enAeBlEdleKcab;epþImeFVIkargarGVIEdlRbKl;[/ eKnwgkøayCamnusSEdleFVIkar
gary:agmanKuNPaB sMéceBlevla nig sMécfvika/ Rtg;cMNucenH KWCaKuNsm,tþi
rbs;GñkRKb;RKgb¤GñkeFVIkarEdlGñkNa² k¾cg;)anxøÜneTArYmkargarCamYy/ ehIyenaH
Ég KWCabdiPaNEdlekItecjBIGMeBIl¥EdlsagPaBvagév[ekIteLIgCab;xøÜnkUneday
sV½yRbvtþiedaymanbuKÁlenACuMvijxøÜnCamnusSl¥CaGñkpþl;[hñwgÉg.

84
srub
karEdl«BukmþayGacpþl;cMeNHdwg smtßPaB ehIynigGMeBIl¥EdlxøÜnman
[dl;kUnrhUtdl;eRcInlµmCaedImTunxagPaBvagévnigGMeBIl¥EdlkUnGacmanCMhrrwgmaM
enAkñúgelakd¾FMTUlayenH)any:aghMEhg/ ktþasMxan;Edl«BukmþayRtUveFVI[)anl¥
bMput KW
1¦ RtUvxitxMsikSaEsVgrkcMeNHdwgEdlRtUveRbIkñúgkarGb;rMbeRgoneRbonRbedAkUn
[CamnusSvagév nig mnusSl¥Canic©eTIbedIrTan;v½yvDÆnakar nig Tan;bBaðarbs;kUn.
2¦ minRtUvebIk»kas[kUneFVIGVIEdlxussIlFm’ KW eBlenApÞH RtUvEbgEckeBl
evlaGb;rMeRbonRbedAkUn tamry³kareRbIR)as;bc©½ybYn tamry³kargar tamry³kic©
karRbcaMéf¶ dUcCa KMeng ¬kareKg¦ keRmak ¬kareRkak¦ CaedIm kñúgTIkM)aMgmux k¾epJI
esckþIsgÇwmTuknwgRKUbeRgon jatibgb¥Ún mitþP½kþi CYyCaEPñkRcmuH das;etOnR)ab;kUn
edaymin)ac;ERkgcitþ kuMbeNþay[vaman»kasedIrxuspøÚv.
ebI«BukmþayeFVIerOg 2 y:agenH)anl¥ kUnk¾man»kasCitditCamYynwgGMeBIRtwm
RtUv eRcInCageFVIxøÜn[epþspþaseTAkñúgerOgGsIlFm’ kUnEtgs‘b;sauMCamYynigKMnitl¥
BaküsMdIl¥ nig GMeBIl¥rbs;«Bukmþay nig buKÁlCuMvijxøÜnCaRbRktI/ ehIykUnnwgceRmIn
v½yeLIgeTACamnusSvagév nigmnusSl¥EdleFVI[eKmanCMhreCOCak;edayxøÜnÉgenAkñúg
elakenHCaTIbMput .

85
86
 PaKTI 2 karciBa©wmkUn[CamnusSsøÚtbUt

smøab;kUnedayesckþIRsLaj;>>>
«BukmþaycUlédeCIgkUnenAeBlkUneFVIxus

{esckþIRsLaj;
sLajrbs;
;rbs
rbs«Bu
;«Bukmþaysmøab;bkU;knU )an}
an} BaküenH TukCa
ExVgnwglMnwkKitrbs;GñkEdlCa«BukmþayxøHk¾eday b:uEnþkarBiteTAman
kUnmYycMnYnEdlRtUvxUcxøÜneRBaHmatabita)ankan;eCIgkUn enAeBlEdl
kUneFVIxusenHÉg edayehtuenH GñkEdlCa«Bukmþay b¤ GñkEdlKitnwg
manRkumRKYsarnaeBlGnaKt mancMNucsMxan;EdlRtUvsikSaCamun
sinfa eFVIdUcemþc eTIbeyIgciBa©wmkUn)anl¥ ehIyeFVIdUcemþceTibxøÜn
rbs;eyIgminxusqÁgeTARsLaj;kUnedayxusviFI rhUtdl;køayCaGñk
smøab;kUnedayesckþIRsLaj;)an .
87
 karEdl«BukmþaycUlédeCIgCamYynwgkUnenAeBlEdlkUneFVIxus RtUvRbkan;fa
CakMhusya:gF¶n;F¶reRBaHeFVI[kUnKitxusKnøg fa : eFVIl¥)anl¥manmkBINa eFVIGaRkk;
)anl¥maneTAvij : enAeBlEdlekµgdwgkþIeLIg k¾nwgKiteFVIEtGMeBIGaRkk;CaerOy² eFVI[
mYyCatienH eKmanEtesckþIekþARkhayKµanTIbMput .
GñkEdlCa«Bukmþay RtUvKitdl;eTasénkarcUlédeCIgCamYynwgkUnenAeBlkUn
eFVIxus kMuRsLaj;tamcitþ ebIkUneFVIxusRtUveFVIeTas [kUnQWcab; taMgEteBlenH l¥Cag
eFVI[CIvitrbs;kUn QWcab;ekþARkhayGs;mYyCIvit.
dUecñH karEdlBukmþayminkan;eCIgkUn enAeBlkUneFVIxus nwgeFVI[kUnecHEkcitþ
KMnit RbsinebIeFVIl¥ kUnnwgTTYlpll¥dl;xøÜnvijCanic© EtebIkUneFVIGaRkk; kUnnwgRtUv
TTYlplGaRkk;enaHÉg edayminmanéf¶eKcput)an.

yl;GMBIeKalkarN_pþl;nisS½yl¥
edIm,IbNþúHKuNFm’GMeBIl¥[kUnenaH «BukmþayRtUvyl;dwgFmµCatiénkar
pþl;nisS½yeTA[kUnCamun man 2 dMNak;kal KW
dMNak;
NakkaldM
Nak ;kaldMbUg KW karpþl[; nUvlkçNnisS½yxagpøÚvcrit
karpþl;[nUvlkçN³enH RtUveFVIkñúgdMNak;kalEdlkUneTIbEtnwgekItmk CaTUeTA
enAeBlbdisn§IviBaØaNnwgekItkñúgKP’ bdisn§iviBaØaNenaHnwgRtUvman kmµ KW buNü b¤ )ab
Rbhak;RbEhlnwgGñkCa«BukmþaykñúgxN³enaH.
dUecñH ebI«BukmþaymanragkayrwgmaM mankarRbRBwtþl¥ mancitþKMnitl¥ehIy
k¾man»kasnwg)anbdisn§iviBaØNal¥mkcab;kMeNItenAkñúgKP’/ karGb;rMkUneTIbKYrcab;
epþImuneBlmanTm¶n; KW «BukmþayRtUvGb;rMkarRbRBwtþrbs;xøÜnÉg[l¥edaykayvacacitþ /
erOgminl¥RtUve)aHbg;ecal rkSasIl 5 [l¥ CakareRtomRBm[bdisn§IviBaØaNl¥mk
ekIt.

88
 edayehaceTA RtUvcab;epþImGb;rMxøÜnÉg[)anl¥muneBlerobkar nig enAeBldwg
fa PriyamanépÞeBaH k¾rwtEtBüayamfñak;fñmkUnkñúgeBaH[kan;Etl¥eTAeTot KW
RtUvmankarRbugRby½tñxøÜn[eRcIn eTaHCakaredIr kareFVIclnaRKb;\riyabf/ GaharEdl
RtUvTTYlTan CaBiessRbePTGaharEdlmanrsCatihwreBk eRKOgRsvwgRKb;RbePT
RbePTfñaMepSg²Kb,IlHbg;ecalTaMgGs; b¤ sUm,IEtGarmµN_minl¥ k¾minRtUvsEmþgecj
Edr eRBaHGVITaMgGs;enH manplb:HBal;dl;]bnisS½YycitþeføImekµgTaMgGs;.
dMNak;
akkalTI
;kalTI 2 KW karpþlni;nsi S½ycitþeføImtamry³
tamry³bridæanCM
nCMuvijxøÜn b¤ karGb;
karGbrMrMrM;rM
enAeBlkUnekItmkebIkEPñkemIlBiPBelak RtUvRbjab;Gb;rM kMuKitfaTark
mindwgGIeT eRBaHsUm,IEtkar[e)AeTogeBlevlak¾CakarbeNúþHnisS½yekµg[CamnusS
eTogTat;eBlevlaEdr/ karpøas;bþÚrRkNat;knÞbenAeBlTarkeFVI[TTwk k¾CakarbNþúH
nisS½yRsLaj;PaBs¥at)at sUm,IEtsmþIR)as½yccaredayeRbIBaküBieraHBisaEp¥m
Elðm k¾CakarbNþúHnisS½yTn;Pøn;Edr.

kMubeNþay[ekµgeFVIxusrhUtdl;Føab;
eBlekItdMbUg TarkeRbobdUcCaRkNat;ss¥at TarkeTIbRtUvkarKMrU b¤ emEbb
kñúgkarKit karniyay nig kareFVI/ GVIk¾eday[Etmkdl;mun ekµgk¾TTYlvtßúenaHTuk
CaEbbya;g dUecñH ebIekµg)anTTYlGVIEdll¥mun ekµgk¾man»kaseFVIGMeBIl¥eRcIneLIg
ehIyRKwHd¾rwgmaMKWGVIEdll¥enHGacttaMgTb;Tl;nwgGMeBIGaRkk;EdlnwgcUlmknaeBl
xagmux eFVI[ekµgGackarBarxøÜnÉg)anya:ggayRsYl.
enAeBlekµgeFVIGVIxus2-3dgdMbUg ekµgnwgmanBiruT§PaB[eXIjc,as; eFVI[
eyIgrkpøÚvedaHRsay)anTan;eBlevla ebImnusSFMmindwg b¤ bENþtbeNþayeTA/ ekµg
k¾ekItTmøab; eFVIxusTal;EtkøayCanisS½yGaRkk; edayminmanBiruT§PaB[mnusSFMcab;
fñak;)an eFVI[xUcnisS½yEdll¥eTAGs;.

89
 karEdl«BukmþaycUlédeCIgCamYynwgkUnenAeBlEdlkUn
eFVIxusRtUvRbkan;faCakMhusya:gF¶n;F¶reRBaHeFVI[kUnKitxus
Knøgfa
:eFVIl¥)anl¥manmkBINa eFVIGaRkk;)anl¥maneTAvij :
enAeBlEdlekµgdwgkþIeLIgk¾nwgKiteFVIEtGMeBIGaRkk;CaerOy²
eFVI[mYyCatienH eKmanEtesckþIekþARkhayKµanTIbMput

RsLaj;kUn[RtUvviFI
karRsLaj;kUn[RtUvviFI minmanGVIhYsGMBIkarpþl;nUvKuNFm’d¾l¥[dl;kUn²enaH
eT edIm,I[vaFMdwgkþIeLIg manCMhrQrenAelIEpndIenH)anedayxøÜnÉgya:gsmrmü.

KuNFm’EdlRtUvGb;
GbrM;rMrMr[)aneRcI
M[)aneRcIn b¤ RtUvGb;
[) GbrM;rRM Kb;
KbeBlevlaenaH
;eBlevlaenaH minfaekµgFM b¤ tUc KW
1> bBaØa bgðat;ekµg[CamnusSmanehtupl ecHKitBicarNaedayxøÜnÉg min
EmnCamnusSykEtGarmµN_ ebIeFVI)anseRmc ekµgnigmanstibBaØa ehIynigmineXIj
xusCaRtUv.
2> karmanrebob
karmanrebobvi
rebobvin½y bgðat;ekµg[CamnusSeTogTat;eBlevla rkSaPaB
s¥ats¥M CamnusSeTogRtg;manesckþIbrisuT§edaykayvacacitþ.

90
 3> emtþakruNa bgðat;ekµg[ecHRsLaj;stV RsLaj;edImeQI CamnusS
Tn;Pøn; CamnusSmankarTMnak;TMngl¥ ecH[GP½yeTasdl;KñaeTAvijeTAmk .
enAeBlekµgTTYl)ankarbNþúHbNþalBUCFarTaMgenHTuktaMgBItUc luHFMdwgkþI
eLIg k¾GacTTYl)annUvKuNFm’GMeBIl¥epSg² eTotEdl«Bukmþay viTüacarüpþl;[)an
ya:geBjelj.
kalebIdwgya:genHehIy ebIelak«BukGñkmþayNacg;)ankUnl¥enaH «Bukmþay
enaHRtUvGb;rMxøÜnÉg[)anl¥munnwgmankUn ehIyRtUvGb;rMxøÜnÉg[RbiteRbogCagmun
kñúgKuNFm’ 3 Rbkar KW [manbBaØa [manemtþakruNa nig [manrebobvin½y dUcEdl
)aneBalmkxagedImehIyenaH «Bukmþayk¾nwgman»kasmankUnl¥mkekIt GacCaKMrUl¥
sRmab;kUn nigbiTpøÚvsmøab;kUnedayesckþIRsLaj;;[Gs;eTA.

91
92
 PaKTI 2 karciBa©wmkUn[CamnusSsøÚtbUt

tYnaTIsMxan; 4 y:ag EdleFVI[«Bukmþay)ankUnl¥

«BukmþayRKb;rUb suT§EtmansgÇwmcg;eXIjkUnrbs;xøÜnman
GnaKtPøWsVagTaMgGs; b:uEnþkarsagRKwHzanrbs;kUn[mannisS½ycitþ
eføImEdlsmrmünigTTYleCaKC½ynaeBlGnaKtenaH «BukmþayRtUvecH
bMeBjtYnaTIrbs;xøÜnkñúgkarRKb;RKgkUn[)ansmrmü/ kUneTIb)anKMrUl¥
nig sÁal;x<s;TabeBlenACamYynwgmnusSFM .
kareFVIxøÜn[smrmükñúgkarGb;rMbnÞMnisS½ykUnenaH «Bukmþayl¥
RtUvyl;sPaBcitþKMnitrbs;kUn RtUvdwgfa citþKMnitrbs;kUnEtgmankar
pøas;bþÚreTAtamv½y nigbridæan CuMvijxøÜn .
93
 eBlkUnenAekµg «BukmþayCaGVI² TaMgGs;rbs;kUn luHFMdwgkþIeLIg mitþPkþinwg
man\T§iBlcMeBaHcitþKMnitrbs;kUn RKan;EtkUncUldl;v½ykMelaHRkmuM esckþIsMxan;
rbs;«Bukmþayk¾Føak;cuH enAeBlkUnCamnusSFMeBjv½y kUnk¾BwgBak;xøÜnÉg RtUvkar
\sSrPaBbMput RtUvkarehtuplxøaMgeLIg ehtudUecñH «BukmþaycM)ac;RtUvEtsRmbxøÜnÉg
[Tan;nwgKMnitKitKn;rbs;kUn.
kareFVICa«Bukmþayl¥ eRkABIRtUveFVItYnaTIrbs;«Bukmþayl¥[RKb;sBVehIy RtUv
bMeBjtYnaTIrbs;xøÜnteTAenH[)anl¥pgEdr KW
1>tYnaTIrbs;RKU «BukmþayRtUvGb;rMeRbonRbedAkUn ENnaM[kUnsÁal;GVIEdl
RtUv sÁal;GVIEdlxus GVIKYr GVIminKYr. ebIkUnenAekµgtUc beRgonedayehtuplminTan;
)aneT «BukmþayRtUveFVICaKMrUl¥[kUnemIl karGb;rMeRbonRbedARtUvsuPaBTn;Pøn; smþI
sMedARtUvEp¥mElðm minniyayTaMgxwgmYrem:A karbeRgoneRbonRbedAedayrMBat;KYrTuk
eRbIenAeBlcaM)ac;bu:eNÑaH RtUvbNþúHnisS½yRsLaj;PaBs¥ats¥M [kUntaMgBItUcRkUcqµar
eTA bgðat;[ecHEfrkSaPaBs¥at)atrbs;xøÜnÉg taMgEterOgsMelokbMBak; kargUtTwk
dusxøÜn sUm,IEterOgnisS½ykarbriePaKGahar k¾minRtUvbENþtbeNþayEdr kMuKitfa
GVITaMgGs;enH CaerOgtUctaceGayesaH.
eRBaH«BukmþayCaRKUedImrbs;kUn CitsñiT§nwgkUntaMgEtekItmk ehtuenaH RtUvEt
bNþúHnUvGVIEdll¥RtwmRtUvTukkñúgxøÜnrbs;kUn edIm,I[)anCaRKwHkñúgkarRbRBwtþil¥rbs;kUn
teTA/ enAeBlFMdwgkþIeLIgnwgCaehtu[kUnGacTTYlykGMeBIl¥mkdak;xøÜn)any:ag
qab;rh½s/nwgeCosvagGMeBIGaRkk;)anedaysV½yRbvtþi.
2>tYnaTIrbs;eTvta «BukmþayRtUvmanRKwHxagKuNFm’ eTIbedIrtYkñúgerOgenH
)an eRBaHRtUvbgðat;kUn[ecHRsLaj;buNü xøacGMeBIGaRkk;/ karBiteTA erOgenH eFVI)an
gayRsYlNas; dUcCa GanniTanCatk[kUnsþab; [kUnsURtmnþral;yb;muncUleKg
beRgonkUn[ecHeFVIbuNü [Tan eday«BukmþayeFVI[kUnemIlCaKMrU dUcCa dak;)aRtral;
RBwkCaedIm ehIyRbkarsMxan;bMputenaH KW «BukmþayRtUvmanhiri»tþb,³ enAeBl
94
beRgonkUnmin[eFVIGMeBIGaRkk;kñúgerOgNaehIy k¾kuMeFVIGMeBIGaRkk;enaH² [kUneXIj b¤
dwg.
3>tYnaTIrbs;RBHRBhµ «BukmþayRtUvmanemtþakruNa dl;kUnedayesckþI
RsLaj; kk;ekþA ciBa©imbIbmmine)aHbg;ecal/ enAeBlkUneFVIxus RtUvdas;etOneRbon
RbedAl¥² [kUndwgxusRtUv ehIyk¾Gt;»neTasminykeTaséBr_teTAeTot/ eBlEdl
kUneFVIl¥k¾sresIrtmáúMtemáIg/ bBa¢ÜnkUn[sikSaeronsURtenAeBlEdldl;v½ysikSa/ eBl
QWcab;k¾Büa)alemIlEfrkSa/ enAeBlkUnFMeBjrUbeBjrag dl;eBlRtUvcakecjBI
RKYsareTAsagsuPmgÁlfµI k¾KYrbeNþaytamcitþkUnxøHeTA kuMbgçitbgçM b:uEnþcaM[BaküEN
naM CaTIRbwkSa CaGñk[kmøaMgcitþ «BukmþayRtUvman]ebkça KW minlMeGonxagkUnNa
enAeBlEdleFVIxus.
ebIGb;rMeRbonRbedAkUnmkya:genHehIy b:uEnþkUnenAEteFVIxøÜnPøIePøIGava:Es eFVIxus
c,ab;RbeTsCati smKYrnwg)anTTYleTas sUm,IeTasenaHFMdl;RtUvCab;KukRcvak;
k¾eday k¾RtUvTTYl kuMRsLaj;kUnrhUtdl;eFVIxøÚnCaskSIxus/ CYytamEdlGacCYy)an
b:uEnþminCYybMpøajyutþiFm’rbs;RbeTsCatieT .
4>tYnaTIrbs;RBHGrhnþ «BukmþayRtUvRbRBwtþenAkñúgsIlFm’[)anl¥ CaTI
bMput nwg)anCabUCnIybuKÁl CaRBHs½kþisiT§ikñúgpÞH CaTIRbwkSal¥RbcMavgSRtkUl CaTI
eKarBrab;Ganrbs;kUnecA TaMgGñkenArYmnigGñkEdlmanRKYsareTAehIykþI RtUvsagTaMg
buNü)armI TaMgkitþiys ekrþ×eQµaH kUnecAnwgekatERkg rab;Gan sþab;dMbUnµan minh‘aneFVI
GMeBIGaRkk; TaMgenAcMeBaHmuxnigenAkM)aMgmux.
enAeBl«BukmþayeFVI)anTaMg 4 ya:gl¥ehIy CIvitRkumRKYsar k¾nwgmanEt
esckþIsux manEtPaBRtCak;RtCuMTaMgkay nig citþ Caehtuhucplsuxsanþdl;sgÁmnig
RbeTsCati)aneTotpg.

95
96
 PaKTI 2 karciBa©wmkUn[CamnusSsøÚtbUt

etIeFVIdUcemþceTIbkUnminxUcxøÜn?

kñúgsgÁmmYy EdllayLMeTAedaysareBIvtßúTaMgl¥ nig GaRkk;

elak«BukGñkmþayCaeRcIn kan;EtRBYy)armÖkUnxøaMgeLIg² ral;éf¶
xøacERkgkUneTAcmøgykemeraKGaRkk;mkCaehtueFVI[kUneyag xøÜnÉg
minrYc b¤ eFVIl¥mineLIg/ cMNucsMxan;EdleyIgelIkmkenH edIm,I karBar
kUneyIg[edIrecjBI\T§iBlxus² )any:agNa ehIynigbNþúHRKab;BUC
EdlRtwmRtUv[kUneyIg)anya:gdUcemþc?
97
 karBitkñúgerOgenH Gacniyay)aneRcIny:ag b:uEnþCaFmµtakñúgkarciBa©wmkUn
[)anl¥ EdldUntaEtgEteRbImkCanic© k¾maneKal 4 Rbkar KW
1¦ eFVIKMrUl¥l[¥ kUnemIl
2¦ EsVgrkesovePAl¥²[kUnGan
3¦ EsVgrkRKU
grkRKUvivTi üacarüBUEk²
grk k²[kUneronsURt
4¦ EsVgrkmitþPkþil¥l²¥ [kUnesBKb;
esBKb;

1¦ eFVIKMrUl¥[kUnemIl
RbkardMbUgenHlM)akCaTIbMput eRBaHelak«BukGñkmþayCaeRcInk¾mindwgfaxøÜnÉg
l¥ehIyrWenA enAeBleyIgcab;epþImeFVIKMrUl¥[kUnemIl eyIgRtUvrkrgVas;mkvas;Camun
sin RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;RbTansIl 5 mkCargVas;sRmab;vas; BIeRBaH sIl 5 enH
CaKuNCatiRbRktIrbs;mnusS b:uEnþsgÁmsBVéf¶enH sIlrbs;«BukmþayPaKeRcInkøay
CaKuNCatiBBal/ BRBus/ FøúHFøay kalebIya:genH nwgCaKMrUl¥[kUnemIl)andUcemþc ?
eRBaHehtuenaH eyIgR)ab;kUnfa vaminl¥ k¾RtUvemIlfa etIkUn)anGMeBIminl¥hñwg
mkBINa/ kUnniyayminBIeraHk¾caMmkBI«Bukmþay/ ekµgeRbobdUcCapÞaMgRkNat;s mindwg
famYyNaxusmYyNaRtwmRtUveT/ ebIeyIgcg;bgðat;[kUnCamnusSl¥ RtUvbgðat;ecjBI
mUldæanRKwHfa kUnrkSasIl 5 )anb¤eT? ehIyeTIbykmkbgðat;beRgon[kUnvagévEpñk
NamYyk¾)an.

2¦ EsVgrkesovePAl¥² [kUnGan
erOgkarGanenHk¾dUcKñaEdr karBiteTAkUn² k¾RtUvmankarGanesovePAEdr eyIg
k¾RtUvemIlEfsRmitsRmaMg dUcCa ebIkUncg;GanesovePAKMnUr b¤ CIvviTüa eyIgk¾RtUvGan
CamYykUnEdr b:uEnþmanbBaðaenARtg;fa El,gEdlRbkbedayhigSaecjBI\en§INitxøH
98
kMuBüÚT½rxøH eyIgRtUvRbugRby½tñ enAcaMsegátemIlkUn pþl;esckþIRsLaj; nig PaBkk;ekþA
dl;kUn.
sm½ymun bUraNR)ab;fa {ebI ebIRsLaj;
sLajeKa[
;eKa[cgsIuesµA ebIRsLaj
eKa RsLaj;
Rs LajkU;knU ecA[
ecA[
RbedABIekµg b¤ dMEdkTan;
dkTanenAekþ
;enAekþA RbedAkUnTan;
TanenAekµ
;enAekµg} b:uEnþsm½yenH ebIRsLaj;kUn
RtUvcMNayeBlevlaenACamYykUn b:uEnþebIeyIgR)ab;fa eyIgKµaneBlevlaenACamYy
kUneT CIvitrbs;eyIgk¾KµansmPaBEdr CIviteyIgminEmnrs;enAeFVIEtkargarb:ueNÑaHeT KW
RtUvmaneBlevlasRmab;xøÜnÉg nig RkumRKYsarpg eTIbCIvitmansmPaB)an RtUv
cMNayeBleTAbNÑaKarlk;esovePA edIm,I[kUnrkesovePAGanedayxøÜnÉg XøaMemIl
kiriyaRbRBwtþrbs;kUnBIcm¶ay ehIyCUnkal k¾RtUvpþl;Tinñn½y[kUnseRmccitþ ehIykUn
nwgecHeRCIserIsykesovePAl¥naeBlGnaKt .

3¦ EsVgrkRKUviTüacarü[kUneronsURt
erOgRKUenHsMxan;Nas; eRBaHRKUeRbobdUcCabridæanxageRkAEdlenACMuvij Edl
nwgpþl;[KMrU b¤ [KuNFm’ kñúgkareFVIGMeBIl¥ minsMedAcMeBaHEtRKUkñúgsalaeronenaHeT
kUncg;eronsURtGVIEdlenACuMvijxøÜn RtUv[kUneronyl;dwgedayxøÜnÉg eyIgmantYnaTI
GbsÞbCYyrkmeFüa)ay[kUnedIredayxøÜnÉg .
cMENkRKUkñúgsalaeron eRBaHeyIgmin)anenACamYykUneBjmYyéf¶ k¾RtUv
sVHEsVgrkEdr CakarBiteTA minRtUvkarsalaeronl,I²eT b:uEnþRtUvkarbridæanl¥[kUn
eRBaHmnusSeronBUEkCab;elxmYyminmann½yfa nwg)anCamhaesdæIkñúgelakenaHeT/
cMeNHkñúgk,Ün RtUvEtmankarEklm¥ eyIgRtUvbeRgonkUn[yl;fa erOgkareronsURt
enaH eroneTAmYyCIvit .

99
 enAeBleyIgcab;epþImeFVIKMrUl¥[kUnemIleyIgRtUvrkrgVas;
mkvas;CamunsinRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;RbTansIl 5
mkCargVas;sRmab;vas; BIeRBaHsIl 5 enHCaKuNCati
RbRktIrbs;mnusS

4¦ EsVgrkmitþP½Rkþl¥²[kUnesBKb;;
RbkarcugeRkay KW EsVgrkmitþPkþil¥² [kUnesBKb; kñúgmgÁlsURtk¾)ansEmþg
Tuky:agc,as;fa min[esBKb;CnBal [Kb;bNÐit BitR)akdNas;kUnrbs;eyIgkal
ebIesBKb;buKÁlminl¥ kUneyIgnwgman»kasCamnusSminl¥ GVITaMgGs;enH nwgqøúHbBa©aMg
[eXIjenAeBlkUnmiinenACamYynwgeyIg/ eyIgk¾RtUvtamsegátemIlehIy[dMbUnµanl¥
edayehtupl nig minehAmkhamPøam² eT RKb;RKgekµg² k¾RtUvmanl,icelgl,ic
Emn dUcCakarRbkbmuxCMnYj eRBaHerOgenHeyIgkMBugbeRgonGMBImUldæanRKwHénkar
eRCIserIsesBKb;mnusS[kUn EdlCakBa©k;qøúHmkrkeyIgfa eyIgeRCIserIsesBKb;
mitþPkþidUcemþc ?

100
 GñkxøH)anbBa¢ÚnkUneTAeronÉbreTs )anTTYlbriBaØab½Rt GnubNÐit nigbNÐit
taMgBIenAekµg² b:uEnþenAeBlRtLb;mkvijehIy eKEbrCamineCOBaküeRbonRbedArbs;
RBHBuT§Cam©as; mineCOerOgCatimuxCatieRkay mincab;GarmµN_ RtLb;Ca)anmicäaTidæi
mkrkxøÜneK etI)anKMnitenHmkBINa? k¾TTYl)anmkGMBImitþPkþi EdleKeTAeronÉ
breTshñwgÉg .
luHeKRtLb;mkeFVIkarkñúgbridæanEdlmanvb,Fm’RbéBNI eKniyaysþIminman
esckþIeKarB minsÁal;kaleTs³ GñkEdleFVIkarCamYyminTTYlsÁal; eTaHbICamankMrit
vb,Fm’x<s;ya:gNak¾eday kalebIsgÁmminTTYlsÁal;ehIy eKk¾s‘URTaMenAmin)an
k¾laecjeTA ehIyk¾manGarmµN_fabraC½y eRBaHeKmindwgfa cMeNHdwgminEmnman
Etkñúgk,ÜnenaHeT RtUvyl;dwgerOgkiriyamaryaT nigkal³eTs³pg .
dUecñH karEdlRbugRby½tñmin[kUnxUcenaH k¾RtUvsagbridæanTaMg 4 enH[dl;kUn
luHkUnFMdwgkþIeLIg k¾nwgkøayCamnusSmankarKit karniyaysþI karRbRBwtþiCabTdæan
rbs;mnusSl¥EdlmanenAkñúgxøÜn ehIyeyIgnwgGacbeNþay[eKmanesrIPaBecjGMBI
PaBkk;ekþArbs;eyIgeTArkelakd¾TUlMTUlayeday\t)armÖ eKnwgminCYbRbTHPaB
braC½ykñúgCIvitrbs;eKeLIy b¤ GacniyaysrubEbbxøI² gay² CaPasaGñkRsukfa {
«BukmþayGs;
yGskgV ;kgVlxV;xlV ci;cti þ } hñwgÉg .

101
102
 PaKTI 2 karciBa©wmkUn[CamnusSsøÚtbUt

bgðat;kUn[ecHsMéc
KWCaeKalFanaGnaKtrbs;vgSRtkUl

GVIEdlCasBaØaR)ab;fa GnaKtrbs;kUnnwgtaMgxøÜn[rwgmaMputP½y
)anKW karecHsMéc EtkarbNþúHnisS½yénkarecHsMéc[kUnenaH «Buk
mþayRtUvmanviFIkarEdlsmrmüedaymaneKalkarfa kUnnwgmannisS½y
énkarecHsMéc)an ebI«BukmþayecHsMécCaKMrU[kUnemIlxøÜnmun .
karbNþúHnisS½yénkarecHsMéc[kUn RtUveFVItaMgEtkUnenAtUc² KW

103
 1>bgðat;kUn[sÁal;KuNtémørbs;luy eBlkUnsuMluyRtUvsaksYr[
l¥itl¥n;munfanwgykluyenHeTAeFVIGVI mankarcM)ac;bun: NaEdlRtUvkarcayluy ebIkUn
suMedayminman ehtuplk¾minKYr[eLIy RtUvcg¥úlR)ab;[kUndwgpgEdrfa eRBaHehtuGVI
eTIbmin[ eTaHbICakUnmineBjcitþk¾RtUveFVIcitþrwgbwug kuM[luykUnedIm,Ikat;PaBrMxan kuM[
kUnmanKMnitfa luy)anmkedaygay² RtUvbeRgon[kUndwgfa luyRKb;snøwkEdl
«Bukmþayrkmk)anenaH ekItecjdMNk;ejIsQamEdlhUrecj BIragkayrbs;
«Bukmþay kUnnwg )ansÁal;KuNtémørbs;luynigkarcayluyya:gsmrmü .
2>bgðat;[eCosvagrbs;x¢Hx¢ay vtßúEdlCarbs;x¢Hx¢aymincaM)ac; «Buk
mþaykuMrkTij[kUn ebIGt;min)an k¾rktémøNaEdlminéfø b:uEnþGaceRbICMnYsKña)an rkviFI
Bnül;[kUnyl;fa rbs;l¥mincaM)ac;témøéføenaHeT bgðat;[kUnecHeRbIrbs;[)an
smrmü ecHeRbI[ekItCaRbeyaCn_ minRKvat;RKEvgecal enAeBlrbs;NaxUc RtUv
beRgon[ecHCYsCulrbs;enaHedayxøÞÜnÉg .
3>bgðat;[ecHeRbIeBlTMenr[CaRbeyaCn__ beRgonkUn[ecHeFVIrbs;eRbI
R)as;edayxøÜnÉg CakarbEnßmbBaØa[kUn CaBiessrbs;elg [kUnecHRbDiteday
xøÜnÉg b¤ pÁúMdMeLIgedayxøÜnÉg kUnnwgecHCYyxøÜnÉg)an ehIymanemaTnPaBcMeBaH
sñaédrbs;xøÜn mankmøaMgcitþxøaMgeLIg eRkABIenH KYrbgðat;[kUnyl;dwgviFIkat;bnßy
fvikacayvayrbs;kUnxøÜnÉg edIm,I[kUnecHsnSMsMéc ehIyecHeFVIkargarrkluyeday
xøÜnÉg .
4>bgðat;kUn[ecHsMécTukdak;RTBü rkkUnRCUk[kUnedIm,IsnSMluyTukEdl
sl;BIkarTijnMcMNI b¤ éføcayvayRbcaMéf¶rbs;kUn b¤ beRgonkUn[ecHykluyEdl
)ansnSMmkeTAepJITukkñúgFnaKar enAeBlEdlkUn)anluyBiessBImnusSFMkñúgéf¶sMxan;
rbs;kUn dUcCaéf¶xYbkMeNIt cUlqñaMfµI .l. «BukmþayKYrbeRgonkUn[TukluymYyEpñk
enHkñúgFnaKar edIm,ICaedImTunkñµúgkarsikSa kuM[kUnKitfa luyrk)aneday gayenaH
eRBaHnwgCaehtu[kUnminsÁal;KuNtémørbs;luy
104
 5>rkmitþEdlmannisS½ysnSMsMéc[kUnesBKb; mitþEdlmannisS½y x¢Ix¢a
x¢Hx¢ay minsÁal;témørbs;luy RtUvrkviFIRbugRby½tñkuM[kUneTAesbKb;CamYYy [esaH
cMENkÉmitþP½RkNa EdlecHsnSMsMécecHCYyeFVIkargarkñúgpÞH edIm,IsRmalbnÞúkrbs;
«Bukmþay RtUv[kUnecHesBKb;rab;rkykCamiRtCitxøÜn nwg)anbbYlKñasnSM sMéc
ehIybbYlKñaeq<aHeTArkpøÚvl¥ RbkarsMxan; KW RtUvRbugRby½tñ[kUnXøatecjBI CnBal
nig G)aymuxEdlCa sRtUvkMNacénkarsnSMsMécEdlKYr[Esnxøac .
6>bgðat;[kUnecHrkSasIl 8 kñúgéf¶sIl b¤ éf¶Qb;sRmak
enAeBleXIjfa kUnFMlµmsmKYrehIy KYrnaMkUneTAvtþ bgðat;[ecHrkSasIl 8
edIm,I[kUndwgfa GVIEdleyIgKitfa CakarcaM)ac;sRmab;CIvitenaH tamBit vaCavtßú
x¢Hx¢ay dUcCa karemIlerOg TUrTsSn_ ¬vIDIGU¦ Etgmux labbbUrmat; EtgxøÜneTA
tamsm½yniym GVITaMgGs;enH enAeBlsakl,grkSasIl 8 mYyry³ nwgdwgfaxøÜnÉg
mincaM)ac;eLIy edIm,I[)anlT§pll¥ «BukmþayRtUvrkSasIl 8 CaKMrU[kUnemIlpg
karrkSasIl 8 nwgCYy[kUnmannisS½ysnSMsMéc ehIynwgsÁal;RbmaNkñúgkareRbI
R)as;bc©½y 4 edIm,IRTRTg; CIvitxøÜnÉg)an .
RbsinebIRKb;RkumRKYsareFVI)anya:genH rEmgCaeKalsnSMsMéc nig PaBrwgmaM
xagEpñkesdækic©rbs;RKYsateTAxagmux RTBüsm,tþiEdl«Bukmþay)anpþl;[Camrtk
minRtUveRbIR)as;[hinehacedayKµanRbeyaCn_eLIy b¤ sUm,IEt«BukmþaynwgminGac
manRTBüsm,tþipþl;[TukCamrtkdl;eKk¾eday k¾Tukcitþ)anfa eKnigmansmtßPaB
sagzan³xagEpñkesdækic©[dl;xøÜnÉg)anya:gBitR)akd eRBaHrn§Føayecjxag
yecjxag
G)aymuxminman .

105
106
 PaKTI 2 karciBa©wmkUn[CamnusSsøÚtbUt

ciBa©uwmkUnedayKµanvin½y

ry³eBlCag 20 qñaMmkenH minfaekµgyuvCnenAkEnøgNaeT

EdlFMFat;CamnusSeBjv½ykñúgTIRkugEtgEtmansMNYrsYrKñafa {ehtu
ehtuGVI
)anCacracrN_
anCacracrNenAkñ
_enAkñúgTIRku
Rkug mankarkksÞHemøH RbeTsepSg²
RbeTsepSg² k¾man
rfynþeRcInEdr ehtuGVIk¾minsÞHdUcyagRbeTseyI
ag:agRbeTseyIg ?}
sMNYrEdlsYrKñaeRcInenAsm½yenH CakBa©k;qøúHbBa©aMg[emIl
eXIjkarGb;rMvin½y cMeBaHekµgyuvCn)any:agc,as;las;.
107
 RBHefr³mYyGgÁ)anbeB©ajTsSn³kñúgerOgenHfa {kareFVIcracrN_kksÞHekItmk
BIkarminecHGt;eGan[KñaeTAvijeTAmk nig ekItecjBIkMhusxusqÁgkñúgbBaðaRbCaCn
PaKeRcIneRbIviFIciBa©WmbI)ac;kUnecAedayminRtwmRtUv.
]TahrN_dUcCa RbsinebIkUnecAeQøaHKña b¤minRtUvr:UvKña sYrfa «Bukmþay)an
hamR)amb¤eT ? manmineRcInKñaeTEdlmin)anhamR)amenaH PaKeRcInBYkeKhamR)am
nigseRmccitþdak;eTasdl;kUn CYnkalGackat;esckþIxusk¾man .
kñúgTsSn³enH CnCatiCb:unmankaryl;eXIjepSgBIenH BUkeKyl;eXIjfa
ekµgxUcy:agNak¾minvaytb;Kñadl;søab;enaHEdr ehtudUecñHehIy RbsinebIkUnecAva
eQøaHKña eKnwgminhamR)ameT BYkeKbeNþay[ekµg²rkviFIbBaÄb;CemøaHedayxøÜnÉg .
bg² nwgGaceqvqavdak;b¥Únkan;EtxøaMgeLIg k¾buE: nþb¥Únk¾RtUvrkviFIniyaysemøg
xSav² eFVI[eKGaNitrhUtdl;bgyl;RBm bBaðahñwgk¾cb; b¤k¾RbsinebIbg² mankar
s¥b;ex<Imb¥ÚnxøaMg b¥Únk¾mincUlcitþelgCamYyEdr bgk¾RtUvniyayGgVrb¥ÚnTaMgenaHCa
bBaðaEdlBYkeKRtUvedaHRsayedayxøÚnÉg minEmn«BukmþaymkedaHRsayCMnUseT .
RbCaCneyIgmineFVIy:agenaHeT beNþay[bBaðakan;EtxøaMgeTA² RKb;RKaEdl
RbCaCneyIgeQøaHKña RtUvEtmanbuKÁlTI3mkhamR)am RbsinebIdl;cMNucclacl/
RBHmhakSRtRTg;CUysRmuHsRmYlrhUt cuHebIRBHmhakSRtRTg;hamR)am minTan;
BUkeyIgnwgeFVIy:agem:c ?
nisS½ymü:ageTotrbs;RbCaCneyIg KW RsLaj;esrIPaBxøaMgNas; sUm,IEt
eTArs;enAeRkARbeTsehIyk¾eday k¾rs;enAminRtUvKñaEdr enAeBlEdlmanbBaða
ekIteLIg k¾mindwgCaeTArkBwgGñkNamkCYysRmuHsRmYleT minmanGaCJakNþalkat;kþI
[eT pÞúyeTAvijCnCatiepSg² CaeRcIn eTaHbICaeTArs;enAÉRbeTsepSgeTotk¾eday
k¾BYkeKGacrs;enArYmKña)any:agsuxsanþEdr BYkeKminRtUvkar[GñkepSglUkédcUlmk
CUyedaHRsayeLIy BUkeKedaHRsayedayxøÜnÉg c,ab;Tmøab;rbs;CatimYycMnYnk¾ekIt
ecjmkBImUlehtuénkarciBa©wmbI)ac;kUnecAhñwgÉg .

108
 bBaðaEdlCnCatiCb:unxøacbMputKWkarEdlRtUveKbeNþj
ecjBIshKmb:uEnþBYkeyIgminEdlCYbbBaðaEbbenHeLIy
Cbu:nbUCasac;Rss;QamRss;)anmkeRBaHehtuenaHCb:uneTIb
RbiteRbogminEmneTIbEtRbiteRbogeTb:uEnþBYkeK)aneFVIrab;ry
qñaMmkehIy

enATIkEnøgRbCuM BYkCnCatiepSg² RbEkkRbECgKñaswgsøab; enAeBlecjBIRbCuM

k¾cb;Kña CnCatiCb:unk¾dUcKñaEdr eTaHbICaminRtUvKñaedayerOgpÞal;xøÜn b:uEnþenATIkEnøg
eFVIkar eKRbCMuKña)any:agl¥ enAeBlEdlcb;RbCMu k¾eTAerog²xøÜn tamBitBYkeKmincuH
sRmugKñaeT b:uEnþdl;eBlRbCMu bBaðarYmKña KWCa bBaðarYmKña bBaðapÞal;xøÜn KWCabBaðapÞal;
xøÜn eKEbgEck)any:agc,as;las; b:uEnþRbCaCneyIgEbgEckerOgenHmindac;eRsc
esaH TaMgenHbNþalmkBImUldæankñúgkarGb;rMkUnecA .
b:uNÑwgminTan;RKb;RKan;eT erOgEdlCnCatiCb:unxøacbMput KW xøacsgÁmminTTYl
sÁal; b:uEnþsRmab;RbCaCneyIgeFVIhI² CaFmµta sk;nrNak,alGñkhñwg

109
 sYrfa CnCatiCb:uneRbIeBlevlakñúgkarbNþúHbNþalyUreT edIm,I[mnusSeXIj
RbeyaCn_TaMgGs;Kña eqøIyfa eRbIeBlevlayUrGs;ry³eBleRcInryqñaMedIm,IbNþúH
bNþalkUnecA enAkMLúgeBlenaH k¾bUCasacRss;;QamRss;CIvitGs;minticEdr BYk
eK)anbNþúHbNþalmktaMgEtsm½y cUkun CaGñkdwknaMRbeTs .
maneerOgdMNalfa edaysarRbeTsCb:unmankareFVIsRgÁamCajwkjab; naedIm
rdUvvsSa cUkunk¾)anbB¢Úansam samu
samér:éruér:mkRbmUles,og PUmienHmanpÞHb:unµanxñg? ]bmafa
man 100 xñg plit)anbu:nµanmindwgeT luHdl;rdUvR)aMg BYksamuér:k¾mkykRsUv 100
reTHeTA BYkeKmin)anmkemIlfa RkumRKYsarnImYy² mansmaCikbu:nµannak;eT?
luHdl;rdUvR)aMg BYksamuér:k¾mkykRsUv 100 reTH ebIPUmiNamanRsUv 100 reTH
PUmienaHnwgrYcxøÜn b:uEnþebIPUmiNamanRsUvmindl; 100 reTHeT dUcCa)anRtwmEt 80 reTH
BYksamuér:k¾mkykRtwmEt 80 reTH nig ykk,alRbFanPUmiRBmTaMgykkUnRbBn§eTA
Edr ehIyk¾R)ab;fa qñaMeRkaynwgmkyk 100 reTH bUknwg 20 reTHeTot EdlminRKb;
enAqñaMenH rYmTaMgGs; 120 reTH .
muneBleTA BYkeK)anEtgtaMgRbFanPUmifµI elIsBIenaHeTot RbBn§kUnRsIGñk
Na k¾ykeTATaMgGs; karTTYlxusRtUvrYmKñak¾ekItmaneLIg nrNamintaMgcitþkñúg
karplit RbsinebIbeNþay[enAkñúgPUmi nwgxatbg;RsUv 100 reTH eTIberIsmnusS
RbePTenaHecj enAeBlpøas;eTAPUmiepSgeTot nwgRtUvGñkPUmienaHsaksYr minRBm[
mkcUlkñúgPUmirbs;eKeT eRBaHxøacERkgCYbbBaðadUcedIm .
ehtudUecñH bBaðaEdlCnCatiCb:unxøacbMput KW karEdlRtUveKbeNþjecjBI
shKm b:uEnþBYkeyIgminEdlCYbbBaðaEbbenHeLIy Cbu:nbUCasac;Rss;QamRss;)an
mk eRBaHehtuenaH Cb:uneTIbrwgbwug minRtwmEtrwgbuwgb:ueNÑaHeT BYkeK)aneFVIrab;ryqñaM
mkehIy .
RbsinebIeyIgsYrfa ehtuGVI)anCarwgbuwgEbbenH cemøIy KW RbeTsCb:unman
GakasFatuRtCak;Nas; ePøogk¾ePøogxøaMg ekþAk¾ekþAxøaMg TRmaMnwg)anmðÚbGaharbriePaK

110
Bi)akNas; b:uEnþcMeBaHRbeTseyIgmanGakasFatuFmµta mðÚbGahark¾manbribUrhUrehor
eTIb)ans<wky:agenH .
srubesckþIfa kareFVIcracrN_mankarkksÞHEbbenH k¾eRBaHxVHkarbNþúHbNþal
eTIbmanTaMgKuNsm,tþiTaMgKuNvibtþi TaMgenaHKWCakarGb;rMrbs;eyIg .
KuNsm,
sm,tþi KW begáItsamKÁIPaB PaB
KuNvibtþtþi KW xVHTMnukcitþxøxÜnø Ég RbsinebIeTACYbRkumNa b¤ RbFanNaEdlkac kUn
RkumnwgxilxUcEdr hñwgÉgKWCaesckþIekþARkhayrbs;BYkeK enAeBlEdlBYkeKRtUv
bRgáabk¾bRgáab[xøaMg² bRgáab[ragcal nrNak¾minh‘anCamYy eRBaHfaBYkeKelIkKña
CaRkum enHCaTmøab;rbs;BYkeK .
cMeBaHRbeTseyIgRsLaj;\sSrPaBNas; \sSrPaBhñwgrhUtdl;pøÚvfñl;swg
EckKñaebIkbr ehIykksÞHEvgGEnøgrab;em:ag ebIdwgdUecñHehIy k¾RtUvmanPaBGt;Fn
nigEknisS½yCaerOy² CaBiessnisS½yKitEtBIxøÜnÉghñwgRtUvkat;bnßyxøH cab;epþImBIxøÜn
ÉgmuneK .
dUcenH karedaHRsaycracrN_EdlkksÞHkñúgry³eBlEvgq¶ayeTAmux RtUvEt
EknisS½y bNþúHvin½yekµg² TUTaMgRbeTs[l¥Camunsin enHCaRbkarTImYy .
tamTsSn³rbs;RBHefr³Edl)anGFib,ay[sþab;enH eFVI[eyIgmanKMnitKitfa
rfynþEdlmanenAkñúgRbeTsCb:unk¾manminticCagRbeTseyIgEdr b:uEnþCnCatiCb:un
edaHRsaybBaðasemahPaB)an TaMgGs;enHk¾eRBaHEtBYkeK)anbNþúHbNþalvin½ykñúg
karrs;enACamYyKña)any:agl¥ kalEdlkUnecArbs;eyIg manCMhrkñúgelakd¾TUlM
TUlay nigGacrs;enArYmKña)an «BukmþayRtUvBüayamhat;Bt;nisS½y vin½y nig karrs;
enArYmKñay:agBitR)akd ehIykUnecArbs;eyIgnwgQaneTAmunkñúgelakd¾FMeFgenH dUc
Ca CnCatiCb:un )ansagRbeTseK[manPaBrIkceRmInkñúgelakTUlMTUlayCatYy:ag
EdleyIg)aneXIjhñwgÉg .

111
112
 PaKTI 2 karciBa©wmkUn[CamnusSsøÚtbUt

bBiRtelak)a:Gñkm:ak;>>>kMu[kUnkøayCakUnTUrTsSn_

bBaðaEdlKYr[RBYy)armµN_cMeBaH«BukmþayenAsm½ysBVéf¶enH
k¾KW bBaðaeRBaHxøÜnminsUvmaneBlevla[kUnecAbu:nµaneT ehtuEteBl
evlaPaKeRcIn «BukmþaycMNayGs;eTAkñúgkarRbkbmuxrbredIm,IciBaw©m
RKYsar viFIEdl«BukmþayRtUvedaHRsay KW RtUvGb;rMkUneday[kUnemIl
TUrTsSn_ b¤ Gacniyayfa {beNþ beNþay[
y[TUrTsSn_
TsSnc_ iBa©wmbI)ac;ackU;knU k¾kKg;
¾Kg;
Kg
minxus{ .

113
 karedaHRsaybBaðaedaykaryl;mindl;dUcenH k¾CabuBVehtueFVI[«BukmþayRtUv
RBYy)armµN_cMeBaHkarRbRBwtþrbs;kUn EdlERbRbYleTArkpøÚveXareXA karniyaysþI
BaküKMeraHKMerIy RBehInKeXøInekagkacxusBIkumarPaB eday«BukmþaymindwgmUlehtu
ekItmkBIGVI ?
TRmaMnwgdwgfa manmUlehtumkBIkarbeNþay[kUnEdlminTan;yl;dwgenAGVIxus
GVIRtUv GVIl¥ GVIGaRkk; buNü )ab KYr b¤ minKYr emIlkmµviFITUrTsSn_minsmrmühñwgÉg/
ekµg² k¾TTYlykskmµPaBminl¥cUlmkCanisS½y «Bukmþayk¾RtUvmkGgÁúy sRmk;
TwkEPñk RBYycitþ nig cab;epþImyl;eXIjfa karEdlBYkeyIgenOyht;lM)aklMbinrk
masR)ak;[kUnecA)anesckþIsuxsb,ayEpñkvtßúenaH minesµInwgtémøénkarciB©awmbI)ac;
kUn[l¥eLIy .
dUcenH edIm,ICadMeNaHRsay b¤ karBarmin[bBaðaTaMgGs;enaHekIteLIgkñúgRkum
RKYsar eyIgCa«BukmþayKb,ImancMNucBicarNadUcteTAenH
R bkarTI1 «BukmþayKYrBicarNaCaerOy²kñúgcitþfaRbsinebI«Bukmþaymin)anEbg
EckeBlevla[kUnxøHeT kUnGacnwgKitxusPøat;minxan eRBaHkmµviFIkñúgTUrTsSn_PaK
eRcInTak;TgnwgpøÚvePT enAeBlekµgemIl eFVI[ekµgeTarTn;eTAkñúgkamarmµN_ eRBaHKitfa
erOgEdlxøÜnemIlhñwgCaerOgRtwmRtUv .
RbkarTI2 «BukmþayKYrEteRCIserIskmµviFITUrTsSn_EdleFVI[kUnekItbBaØaemIl
edayEbgEckeBlevla[kUnc,as;;las;suRkitEfmeTot RtUvEtbegáItc,ab;TMlab;kñúgpÞH
[)anl¥ eTaHbICay:agNak¾eday karEdl[kUnemIlTUrTsSn_ehIymin[kUnxUcnisS½y
enaH mancMNuc 3 Rbkar KW
1>mineFVI[xUckargar «BukmþayminRtUvbeNþay[kUnemIlTUrTsSn_tamGMeBI
citþeLIy edayEbgEckeBlevla[kUnsRmab;eFVIkic©karpÞH rMlwkemeron GanesovePA
b¤CYykic©karpÞH «BukmþayKYrcat;eBlevla[smrmü kMubeNþay[kUnemIlTUrTsSn_
Tal;Etyb;eRCA eRBaHeFVI[kUnsRmakminRKb;RKan; nigeFVI[ekµgCab;nisS½yminl¥ehIy
nigmanbBaðaepSg² eTotdUcCa eRkakRCuleBl manButt,uút b¤ BUEkkuhkCaedIm .
114
eTACa dUecñHk¾eRBaHEtkUnsRmakminRKb;RKan; b¤ eFVIlMhat;minehIy kUnk¾mincg;eTA
salaeron rkelskuhk«BukmþayfaminRsYlxøÜnQWeBaHQWk,al «Bukmþaycab;fñak;
min)an kUnk¾)ancitþrk])ayklepSg² mkkuhk«BukmþayedIm,I mincaM)ac;eTA
salaeron .
2>mineFVI[xUcsIlFm’ erOgEdl[kUnemIl etagEtminEmnCaerOgEdl
KµansIlFm_ b¤ Kµansar³sMxan;eT dUcCa erOgEdlTak;Tgnwgkarcg;eBorsgswk erOg
EdlKYr[P½yrn§t;tk;søút b¤ erOgEdljúHjg;GarmµN_pøÚvePT CaedIm .
3>RtUvelIksÞÜysIlFm’ «BukmþayKYrEtCaGñkeRCIserIserOg[kUnemIl
edIm,IelIktemáIgKuNFm’ nig begáInbBaØa dUcCa erOgEdlTak;TgnwgesckþIlHbg; esckþI
GaNitGasUr esckþIdwgKuN b¤ erOgEdlTak;TgnwgcMeNHdwgxagsil,kmµ vb,Fm’
CaedIm eRBaHvaeFVI[ekµgyl;dwgBIRbeTsCatixøÜnÉg edImkMeNItrbs;xøÜnÉg)any:ag
c,as;las;nigCaRKwHsßan[ekµgmanTsSnvis½yTUlMTUlaynaeBlGnaKt .
karEdleFVI[kUnsþab;bgÁab;«Bukmþayhñwg «BukmþayRtUveFIVCaKMrUl¥cMeBaHkUnCa
munsin kUneTIbsþab;bRgÁab; RbsinebI«BukmþayenAejonnwgTUrTsSn_enAeLIy k¾
KgnwghamkUnecAmin[ejonTUrTsSn_)anlM)ak eRBaHehtuenaH rvagnisS½ykUn nig
kmµviFITUrTsSn_EdleBjcitþbMputenaH «BukmþayRtUvbNþúHbNþalnisS½ykUn[l¥Ca
GaTiPaBcm,g .

115
116
 PaKTI 2 karciBa©wmkUn[CamnusSsøÚtbUt

kUnejonnwg\en§INit

sm½yenH KWCasm½yBt’manviTüa manyuvCnPaKeRcInejonnwg

TUrTsSn_ vIedGU nig \en§INit cMNucenHeyIgGacTTYlsÁal;fa vanaM[
manKuN nig eTas RbsinebIGñkTaMg enaHminecHeRbI k¾GacnwgFøak;eTACa
Taskr)an TaMgmnusScas;TaMgmnusSekµg .
kñúgkrNIrbs;ekµg² RbsinebImnusScas;kan;EthamR)am vakan;
EtxUceLIg «Bukmþayk¾Kg;GnuBaØat[emIl)an b:uEnþRtUvkMNt;eBlevla
[emIl dUcCakMNt;fa eBlenH CaeBlelg\en§INit eBlenH CaeBl
rMlwkemeron eBlenH CaeBlsURtmnþfVaybgÁMRBH CaedIm .
117
 eRkABIenH «BukmþayRtUvbgðat;beRgonkUn[ecHeRbI\en§INit b¤ ecHemIl
TUrTsSn_pg KW kMu[kUnedkyb;eRCAeBk RbsinebIkUnedkyb;eRCAeBk naM[kUnmincg;
eRkak CYnkal«Bukmþayk¾RtUvsþIbenþasTaMgRBlwmGul manBaküsMdICamYykUnTaMg
RBlwm esµInwgbeRgon[kUnecHtBakütsmþIdak;«Bukmþay CakarhVwkhat;kUn[man
nisS½yButt,útCamYynwg«Bukmþay TaMgBUEkniyaykuhkPUtPreTotpg .
karEdlGb;rMkUn[ecHeFVIGVIeTogeBlevla eFIV[lT§plsikSarbs;kUnkan;Et
RbesIreLIg enAeBlkUnFMeLIgkUnnwgecHEbgEckeBlevla[manehtupl mineFVIGVItam
GMeBIcitþrbs;xøÜneLIy .
erOgkaréllkeBlevla[RtwmRtUvenHGacedaHRsaybBaðaekµgejonTUrTsSn_
nig \en§INit)any:agmanRbsiT§iPaBmkeRcInRKYsarehIy .
]TahrN_dUcCa RkumRKYsarrbs;RKUmñak;EdlbeRgonPasaGg;eKøs maneBlmYy
sVamIrbs;Kat;nwgeTAeronbnþenAÉbreTs enApÞHmanEtRsI² nigekµg² Kat;k¾)annaMb¥Ún
mkCamitþ nigCYyemIlkUnpg .
Kat;mankUn 3 nak; emIleTABitCaekµgQøasév b:uEnþEbrCaeronminBUEk b¥ÚnRbus
rbs;Kat;segáteXIjerOgenH k¾CCIkrkmUlehtu enATIbMput k¾rkeXIjmUlehtu KW
kµÜy² RtUvbeNþay[emIlTUrTsSn_yb;eRCAeBk eTIbnaMykerOgenHmkBiPakSaCamYy
nwgbgRsI .
enAeBlelakRKURCabmUlehtuenaH Kat;k¾taMgbTbBa¢aTukkñúgpÞHfa luHdl;em:ag
9 yb;eRkayBIcb;Bt’manehIy RtUvbiTTUrTsSn_ enAeBleFVIdUecñH kUn²rbs;Kat;k¾cUl
edktaMgEtem:ag 9 yb; suxPaBk¾l¥ enAeBlRBwkeLIg kUn² rbs;Kat;PJak;taMgEtem:ag
4 b¤ 5 RBwkmkGanesovePArhUtTl;RBwkk¾gUtTwkehIyeTAsalaeron .
lT§pleXIjfa qmasbnÞab;mk kUnrbs;Kat;Føab;EtRbLg)anBinÞúmFümkñúg
cMeNamsisSTaMgGs; b:uEnþlT§plénkarsikSak¾sÞúHeLIg .
kUnc,gFøab;EtRbLg)anelx 14 énsisSTaMgGs;kñúgbnÞab; k¾sÞúHmkelx 4 vij kUnTI
2 Føab;EtRbLg)anelx 7 k¾sÞúHmkelx 2 vij cMENkÉkUnb¥Ünbg¥s; k¾RbLg)an
118
elx 1 dUcedIm eRBaHvaenAekµgmindwgerOgGVIeLIy b:uEnþqmasbnÞab;mk eTot kUnc,g
nig kUnTI 2 k¾RbLg)anelx1TaMgGs;Kña . enAéf¶EdlkUnrbs;Kat;TaMg 3 nak;bB©ab;
karsikSa lT§plk¾Cab;elx 1 TaMg 3 nak; enAkñúgsalaeron .
karbegáIteBlevlaénkarGanesovePA cUldMeNk PJak;eLIg [ekµgEbbenH min
RtwmEtpþl;pll¥cMeBaHkarsikSarbs;ekµgb:ueNÑaHeT b:uEnþEfmTaMgCYykUn[ecHseRmc
citþ)aneTotpg eRBaHekµgmYycMnYneGacseRmccitþ)anfaGVIxus GVIRtUv b:uEnþenAeBlxøÜn
eFVIxusmindwgxøÜnÉgxuseLIy enAeBlFMeBjv½yk¾sagbBaðaCaeRcIndl;sgÁmCajwkjab;
mUlehtuk¾eRBaHEteBlenAekµgminEdlbgðat;[kat;citþecjBIGVIEdlRtUvcitþ edIm,IeFVIGVI
EdlRtwmRtUv dUcCa kat;citþecjBIkmµviFITUrTsSn_enAeBldl;em:agcUleKgCaedIm .
karEdlRKYsarnImYy² kMMNt;ktikaRbcaMpÞHEbbenH KWCakarhVwkhat;[kUnecH
seRmccitþtaMgBIekµg/ TaMgenHk¾CaRKwHd¾sMxan;bMputEdleFVi[esckþIseRmccitþrbs;ekµg
GMBIbBðaa)any:agRtwmRtUv sUmbB©aak;fa manÉksar viFIsaRsþ ehtupl nig bTdæan
GHGagy:ageRcIn RbsinebIcg;køayCamnusSl¥ nig qøatRBmTaMgeFVIkargarFM² )anna
eBlGnaKtRtUvEtéllkeBlevla[)anc,as;las; .

119
120
 PaKTI 2 karciBa©wmkUn[CamnusSsøÚtbUt

kUnRsIEtgxøÜnEbbsicsIu

manmRnþIraCkarCan;x<s;mñak; mkBiPakSaCamYyRBHefr³ 1 GgÁGMBI

bBaðaEtgxøÜnrbs;yuvCnenAsm½yenH .
Kat;niyayfa kUnRsIrbs;Kat;enAsm½yenHesøokBak;Rbput
RbepIy emIleTAKYr[xøacjejIt manTaMgvalxñgbgðajedImRTUg beBa©j
rn§p©itTUTaMgRsukPUmi CamUlehtubNþal[ekItbTelµIspøÚvePTekI
ePT neLIg
mindwgedaHRsayy:agem:ceT sBVéf¶enH .

121
 RBHefr³k¾)anmansgÇdIkaeqøIysMNYrenaH nrNaEdl)ansþab;enAéf¶enaHmñak;²
k¾KiteXIjfa CaviFIedaHRsayd¾l¥mYysRmab;RKYsarNaEdlmankUnRsIsBVéf¶enH
GBa©wgk¾sUmBaMnaMmkGFib,ayenATIenH
RBHefr³yl;eXIjy:agenHfa karEdlekµgesøokBak;exIcelIexIceRkam minEmn
ekµgeFIVtamsm½yniymeT b:uEnþKWCakarxusqÁgénkarciBa©wmbI)ac;rbs;«Bukmþay nigkar
bgðat;beRgonxusrbs;elakRKUGñkRKU .
RbsinebIeyIgsegát[c,as;las; eyIgnwgeXIjfa mUlehtudMbUgénerOgenH
manmkmuneBlekµgFMeBjv½yCMTg;eTAeTot ehIykaresøokBak;exIcelIexIceRkamtam
Tan;sm½yniym júH[manGarmµN_xagpøÜvePTenAsBVéf¶enH/ bBaðaenHekItmaneLIg
taMgBIkUnRsIrbs;Kat;enAekµgenAeLIy eTaHenAmetþyüsala b¤ k¾bzmsikSa k¾eday
k¾eRBaHEt«Bukmþay nig elakRKUyl;xusfa karEdl[ekµgmanKMnitéqñRbDit nig h‘an
sEmþgecj RtUvEtecHraMjúHjg;GarmµN_pøÚvePTelIevTika eTIbbNþúHbNþalkñúgpøÚvkam
taMgBIeBlenaHmk edaycab;ekµg[mkeronraMcak;k,ac;júHkamarmµN_ RKan;Ethat;ehIy
k¾cab;mkKUrcieBa©ImlabbbUrmat; [esøokBak;Gavvalxñg bgðajrn§p©it esøoksMBt;xøI
ehIyk¾[ekµgeTAsEmþgenAelIqak enAeBl«Bukmþay nig RKUeXIjkUn raMdUecñaH k¾man
GarmµN_fa ekµgKYr[RsLaj; h‘ansEmþgecj TaMgKiteTotfa )anTTYleCaKC½y .
erOghñwgmin)anbB©ab;bu:NÑwgeT eRBaHeBlkUnRsIFMeBjv½y karEdlxagpÞHnig
salaeronbgðat;[kUnesøokBak;sicsuI nig beRgon[ecHraMcak;k,ac;GRgÜnkamarmµN_
taMgBIenAekµg elak«BukGñkmþaycg;[kUnQb;raM Qb;sicsuI k¾minGacham)aneT
eRBaHkarEdlsicsuI vakøayCaerOgFmµtarbs;kUneTAehIy TaMgPaBeGonxµask¾Elg
manEdr .
bBaðaenH GaRs½yeTAelIkarbgðat;ekµg[ecHesøokBak;sicsIunigkarraMcak;k,ac;
GRgYnkamarmµN_taMgBIenAtUc eRBaHkarhVwkhat;EbbenH Kw eFVI[kUnqab;eBjRkmuMelOn
eRBaHkUnkeRmIkkamarmµN_mtaMgBItUcEbbenH etIbenÞasGñkNa? k¾RtUvbenÞas«Buk
mþaynigelakRKUhñwgÉgEdlelIkTwkcitþkUn[eFIVEbbenaH eRBaHehtuenaH ebIcg;edaH
122
RsayerOghñwg k¾RtUvhVwkhat;[kUnecHesøokBak; manGtþcritRtwmRtUvtaMgEtBIekµgeTIb
edaHRsay)an .
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;)anRtas;Tak;TgnwgkaresøokBak;fa hamesøokminerob
ry Bak;minerobry .
esøokminerobry KW esøokmanCaysMBt;x<s;CagsµgeCIg .
Bak;
Bakmi;mni erobry KW Bak;val-kxagelIehIybgðaj[eXIjsµaTaMgsgxag .
sm½ymun dUntaeyIg enAeBleXIjkUnecAmankiriyaminerobry ebIkUnRsI Kat;k¾
cab;[esøoksMBt;sMLúyBak;kNþalsµgeCIgtaMgEtBIekµg ehtudUecñHehIy)anCaenA
eBleBjRkmuM eTIb[esøoksMBt;elIk,alCgÁg; vayva[gab;k¾vaminesøokEdr/ pÞúyeTA
vijebIBIekµg[vaesøoksMBt;xøIEbbhñwg luHFMeLIg [vaesøokEbbh‘umCit vaKg;nwgmin
RBmesøokeT eRBaHvaFøab;esøokxøICayUrmkehIy .
karbeNþaykUnRkmuMecARkmuMrbs;eyIg[esøokBak;xøIminerobrytaMgBIedImEbbenH
CamUlehtu[ekItbBaðayuvtIesaPinI man)anIydæan køwb nigkEnøgG)aymuxkan;EteRcIn²
eTA .
RbsinebIcg;edaHRsayerOgenH eyIgRtUvEtyl;[c,as;Camunsinfa eKal
bMNgénkaresøokBak; KWGVI ? KW
1> edIm,IbM)at;
atPaBekþ
;PaBekþARtCak;
PaB RtCak;
2> edIm,IkararBaréf¶ xül;
xül; ePøog nig stVepSg²
pSg² mketagTM
3> edIm,IbiT)aMgekrþ×xµxaµ s
RbsinebI«BukmþaybeRgonkUn[yl;eKalbMNgénkareRbIsMelokbMBak;[)an
RtwmRtUvtaMgBIkUnenAekµg kUnk¾min)anKitepþspþasTak;TgnwgpøÚvePTeTTaMgRtUvRbjab;
karBarteTA edaykarnaMkUnecArbs;eyIg[eTAsURtmnþnnigGgÁúysmaFimuneBlcUl
eKg nigbeRgon[ecHfVaybgÁM«BukmþaymuneBlcUleKg ebIeFVIy:agenHCaRbcaM bBaðaenH
k¾mansiT§iedaHRsay)an nig«BukmþaymansiT§imankUnsMNBVcitþenAeBlGnaKt .
123
 BaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHefr³enHÉg eFVI[eyIgyl;dwgkarBitfa bBaðakUnecA
esøokBak;sicsuI edIrbgðaj[manGarmµN_pøÚvePTeBjpøÚvral;éf¶EbbenH nwg)at;rlay
eTAy:agBitR)akd RbsinebI«Bukmþaymin)anbeRgon[kUnesøokBak;sicsuItaMgEtBIekµg
ehIybBaða]RkidækmµxagpøÚvPTnwgrls;rlubeTA b¤k¾Gac)at;sUnüeTAenATIbMput .

124
125
 PaKTI 3

esckþIsamKÁIkñúgRKYsar

126
127
 PaKTI 3 esckþIsamKÁIkñúgRKYsar

viFIbegáItesckþIsamKÁIkñúgRKYsar

eRcInqñaMknøgmkenH manekµgCaeRcInEdlRKYsarEbk)ak;Kña køay

CaekµgGava:Es b¤ ekµgsat;GENþtEstGBa©g; BitR)akdNas;minman
nrNamñak;cg;Ebk)ak;RKYsarEbbenaHeT etIehtuGVI)anCaRKYsarrbs;eK
Ebk)ak;Kña ebIeyIgmindwgmUlehtuBitR)akdeT eyIgGacnwgsagsñam
eRbHRsaMdl;RKYsark¾)an ehtuenaH eyIgKb,IdwgbBaðaTaMgGs;enH .
GñkEdlRtUveKehAfaekµ
ekµgGava:
GavaEshñ
:Es wg ekµgmYycMnYnecjmkBI
Es
RKYsarEdl«BukmþayeQøaHRbEkkEckpøÜvKña eTIbeFVI[xøÜnÉg nigbgb¥Ún
køayCaekµgrwgt¥wgxilxUc minsþab;bgÁab;GñkNa eRBaHminmanGñkNa
bgðat;beRgoneRbonRbedAtaMgEtdMbUgmk .

128
 b:uEnþekµgmYycMnYnmkBIRkumRKYsarEdl«Bukmþayrs;enARsuHRsYlKñal¥ b:uEnþmUl
ehtuEdlRtUveKcecjBIpÞH eRBaHeQøaHKñanwgbgb¥ÚndeNþImRTBüsm,tþiKñataMgEtBIGayu
12-13 qñaMmkemøH .
bBaðaEbbenH ebIsegátBinitüemIl[l¥iteTA eyIgnwgeXIjfa mUlehtuBitR)akd
KW xVHPaBsamKÁIkñúgRkumRKYsar cab;epþImBIkarminsUvRBmeRBogKña Xøatq¶ayBIKña
ehIyk¾naMmknUvkarEbk)ak;KñaCaTIbMput .
mUlehtudMbUg EdlnaMmknUvkarEbk)ak;KñakñúgRkumRKYsarqab;bMput KW pÞHhñwg
hUb)ayminRBmKña .
RkumRKYsarEdlmankUnecAeRcIn kalebIdl;eBlhUb)ay ebI«Bukmþay nig
kUnecAmkhUb)ayminRBmKñaeT kan;EtemIleXIjy:agc,as;dl;PaBrkaMrkUsrvagbg
b¥Úny:agBitR)akd .
]bmafa éf¶enHmþay)aneFVImðÚbq¶aj;RtUvmat;kUnTaMgGs;Kña kUnmñak;² k¾hUb)ay
)aneRcIneLIg bBaðaEdlGacnwgekIteLIg KWfa )ayminRKan; .
ebIRKYsarenaHhUb)ayRBmKña )ayGacnwgxVHRbEhlknøHcanb:uNÑwgÉg ebIrMElk
)ayhñwgeTA kUnmñak;² xVH)ayEt 2-3 søabRBab:ueNÑaHÉg minb:HTgÁicb:unµaneT .
b:uEnþebIRKYsarhñwghUb)ayminRBmKñavij c,as;CaekIterOgeLIgminxan kUn
eRkayEdlmkhUb)ayminEq¥t RKan;Et)ayxVHknøHcanb:ueNÑaH k¾cab;epþImtUccitþ
elIsBIenaHeTot ebIkUnhUb)ayeRkayenaHCaGñk]sSah_eFVIkargareTot rwtEttUccitþ
xøaMgeLIgEfmeTot .
ebIRKYsarNa mankUnbiunykcitþ b:uEnþx¢ileFVIkargar 2 b¤ 3 nak; BYkenHcaMEtRbb
sIu mþayminTan;erobrNþab;rYcédpg kUnEdlbuinykcitþenH k¾qk;rbs;q¶aj;eTAsIumunGs;
TaMgsuIeRcIn eføaseTotpg mþayrwtEtRsLaj;cUlcitþeRBaHvabuinykcitþmþay .
cMENkxagkUnEdl]sSah_eFVIkargar TRmaMkargarrYceRsck¾hYseBlhUb)ay
enAeBlmkhUb)ayeRkayeKEdlxøÜnÉgenOyht;CageK EbrCamkhUbrbs;Edlsl;
bnþicbnþÜceTAvij CYnkalRtUvlagcanTaMgGs;pg CMgWtUccitþhñwgk¾tammk RbsinebI
129
ekItehtukarN_EbbenHCajy² GakartUccitþhñwgkan;EtmaneRcIneLIg \LÚvenHRKan;
Etmankarb:HTgÁicKañrvagbgb¥ÜnbnþicbnþÜc BYkvaGaceQøaHKñakan;EtxøaMgeTA .
dUcCa RbsinebIbgb¤b¥ÜneFVIEkvpÞal;xøÜnrbs;nrNamYyEbk eKnwgxwgsm,arPøam
CYnkal GaceQøaHRbEkkKñaeTotpg .
«BukmþayminTan;yl;edImehtuBitR)akd BYkKat;k¾sRmuHsRmYl[yl;citþKañ
hñwgCakaredaHRsaybBaðaenAcugehtu b:uEnþminGacedaHRsay)aneT BYkeKenAEtman
KMnuMkñúgcitþ CagenHeTAeTot RbsinebIehtukarN_EbbenHekIteLIgeRcIndg CYnkal
«BukmþayGacemIlkUnedayyl;xus eRBaHeKminEmnCaGñkBUEkykcitþ k¾eFVI[eKekIt
Cm¶WtUccitþhñwgekIteLIgenAkñúgpÞHb¤ eKGacrt;ecjBIpÞHeTotpg .
cMNuccab;epþImdMbUgénkarEbk)ak;Kña emIleTAdUcCaerOgtUctackñúgpÞH KW bBaða
hUb)ayminRBmKña eRBaHvaCaerOgGyutþiFm’EdleFVI[manrbYskñúgcitþRKb;KñaBImYyéf¶
eTAmYyéf¶kan;EteRcIneLuIgenAkñúgcitþrbs;kUnmñak;² eday«BukmþaymindwgxøÜn PaKeRcIn
bBaðaenHekIteLIgecjBIRkumRKYsarkMBugEtcab;epþImsagxøÜn/mñak;²Rbjwkerog²xøÜn «Buk
mþayminsUvmaneBlevlaykcitþTukdak;cMeBaHkUn eTIbmindwgsmaCikkñúgRKYsarxus
segáty:agNa .
eRBaHehtuenaH RbsinebIRkumRKYsarNahUb)ayminRBmKña k¾CasBaØa[dwgfa
pÞHhñwgkMBugEtEbk)
EtEbk)ak;
akKñ;Kañ .
RbeyaCn_énkarhUb)ayrYmKñaral;éf¶ KW RbsinebIenApÞHhñwgGñkNamanbBaðaGVI
ekIteLIg nwg)anniyayKña min[manGVIgMkñúgcitþ ebImanGVImkeRbonRbedAKñayk
eBlevlaRtg;enHÉgmkedaHRsay CaeBlevlaEdlsmrmüCaTIbMput eRBaHeBlhUb
)ayEq¥t mñak;² manGarmµN_l¥CageBlNa² TaMgGs; mü:ageTogCakarebIk»kas[
kUn²pþityknisS½yBI«BukmþayeTAedaykarRbRBwtþtamkiriyamayaTénkarhUb)aytam
«BukmþayedaysV½yRbvtþi .
enAsm½yburaN dUntaeyIgRbkan;Nas; y:agehacNas;kúñgmYyéf¶ «Buk
mþayRtUvEtmkhUb)ayRBmmuxKñamþgEdr .
130
 RbeyaCn_énkarhUb)ayRBmKñaral;éf¶KW RbsinebI
enApÞHhñwgGñkNamanbBaðaGVIekIteLIgnwg)anniyay
Kñamin[manGVIdk;gMkñúgcitþ ebImanGVImkeRbonRbedA
KñaykeBlevlaRtg;enHÉgmkedaHRsayCaeBlevla
EdlsmrmüCaTIbMput

sRmab;GahareBlRBwkvij minGachUbCuMKña)aneT eRBaHmñak;² Rbjab;eTAeFVI

kargar b¤ eTAsalaeron .
ehIyGahareBléf¶Rtg; mñak;²k¾hUb)ayenAÉsalaeronb¤enAkEnøgeFIVkargar .
b:uEnþcMeBaHGahareBll¶acvij sUm[RsuHKñamkhUb)ayrYmKña[)an eRBaHRbsin
ebIGahareBll¶acxkxan mñak;² k¾mankic©karpÞal;xøÜnRtUveFVI .
GñkxøHk¾eFVIlMhat; GñkxøHk¾emIlTUrTsSn_ RbsinebIminmaneBlevlaRsuHKña
enAeBlhUb)ayl¶aceT RsYlminRsYlGaceQøaHKñaenAxagmuxTUrTsSn_k¾)anBIeRBaH
cUlcitþkmµviFImindUcKña .
pÞHxøHedaHRsaybBaðaedayTijTUrTsSn_EckKñamYymñak; luHdl;eBlGaharl¶ac
hUb)ayerogxøÜn biTTVarcUldMeNkerogxøÜn emIlTUrTsSn_kñúgbnÞb;xøÜnÉg mYyéf¶min
)anniyayKñamYyma:t;eT RkumRKYsarEbbhñwgminmanPaBkk;ekþAeLIy .
131
 eRkABIkarhUb)ayminRBmKñaehIy k¾manbBaðaepSg² eTotEdlCYbRbTHCajwk
jab;ehIyvanwgkøayCamUlehtucm,gEdleFVVI[RkumRKYsarenaHekItPaBrkaMrkUseday
mindwgxøÜn/ bBaðaenaH KW KUsVamIPriyasm½yenH eRcInEtmanerOgeQøaHRbEkkKña
CaerOy² CaBiesserOgmðÚbGahar ebIKitEtTij)ayRckfg; ehIymñak;² k¾hUb)ay
emIlTUrTsSn_ emIleXIjtYÉkl¥CagsVamI b¤ Priyarbs;xøÜneT pÞHenaHnwgRbQmmuxnwg
PaBEbk)ak;KñaminyUrk¾qab; .
]TahrN_mYyeTot KW sVamIb¤PriyaRtUvEtemIlxøÜnÉgfa luHdl;rdUvkalRtUv
CYbnwgjatisnþan eyIgKYreTACYbb¤Gt; minEmneyIgbeNþay[PaKImYyeTAsYrsuxTukç
Etmñak;ÉgeT pÞHenaHnwgRbQmmuxnwgPaBEbk)ak;KñaminyUrk¾qab;Edr .
bBaðaEdleFVIGVIRsuHRBmKñaenAkñúgRkumRKYsarCaerOgFMbMput ehIyCabBaðaEdlGac
begáItPaBkk;ekþAnigesckþIsamKÁIdl;RkumRKYsar kMuKitfa CaerOgtUceT eRBaHmanRkum
RKYsarEbk)ak;KañCaeRcInedaysarerOgtUctacTaMgenH .
srubesckþIfa karbegáItesckþIsamKÁIenAkñúgRkumRKYsar eFVI)anedaygayRsYl KW
kññúgmYyéf¶ RtUvEteFVIkic©karNamYyrYmKñaenAkñúgpÞH nig erOgEdll¥bMput KW karhUb)ay
rYmKña b¤y:agehacNas; enAeBlmanGñkNamñak;enAkñúgpÞHmanbBaðaGIV k¾niyayKña
BiPakSaKña)anedayykKuNFm’CaeKal ehIyniyayKñaedayeRbIehtuply:agRKb;
RCugeRCayEdlCaKuNb¤eTasCaedIm karmanPaBRBmeRBogKñaEbbenH nwgnaMmknUv
PaBkk;ekþA nigPaBsamKÁIKñaenAkñúgRkumRKYsaredaygayRsYledayminlM)akGVIeLIy .

132
133
 PaKTI 3 esckþIsamKÁIkñúgRKYsar

eBlkUneQøaHKña «BukmþayKYreFVIy:agNa?

manehtukarN_BitmYyekIteLIg sUmelIkykmkCRmabR)ab;
edIm,Idas;etOncitþKMnitsRmab;«Bukmþay EdlminTan;cab;epþImbNþúH
bNþalesckþIsamKÁI[ dl;kUnecA .
RKYsarmYyman«BukmþaynigkUn 3 nak; bgRsIc,gRBYycitþKit
minecj/ TwkmuxRsgUtRsgat; mUlehtuk¾eRBaHb¥ÚnRsI 2 nak; eQøaHKña
rhUtminrab;GanKñaCabgb¥Ún nigminRBmniyayKñaCag 2 qñaMeTAehIy
nagRtUvGt;FnemIlkarEbk)ak;KñakñúgRkumRKYsar edaykarQWcitþEbbenH
ral;éf¶ .
134
 CYnkaléf¶xøH b¥ÚnRsITaMg 2 enAeBlCYbmuxKñaBYkeKeFVICaRBegIykenþIydak;Kña
eRbobbIdUcCamanEtmñak;ÉgenAelIelakenH b:uEnþéf¶xøH TaMgKUk¾eQøaHRbEkkKña minTuk
muxTukmat;[KñaeLIy hak;bIdUcCasRtUvnwgKñaCaerogrhUteTA .
bgRsIEtgEtsYrxøÜnÉgfa nwgyWteBlb¤eT ebIrkviFIedaHRsay[BYkeKvilmk
RtUvKñavij BIeRBaH«Bukmþayk¾Gs;viFIeTAehIy . enATIbMputKat;k¾seRmccitþykerOg
hñwgmkBiPakSaCamYyRBHefr³mYyGgÁenAÉvtþ .
Kat;k¾niyayerOghñwg[RBHefr³sþab;dUcteTA {b¥ÚnTaMgBIrrbs;kNam©as; kMBug
sikSaenAeLIy RbsinebIBYkeKbBa©b;karsikSaehIy nwgmankargareFIVerogxøÜn rkluy
)anedayxøÜnÉg c,as;CanwgBi)akeFVI[BYkeKRtUvr:UvKñaNas; kNam©as;Bi)akcitþNas;
RBYycitþEdlRtUvmkGgÁúyemIlmnusSenAkñúgpÞHminRtUvr:UvKñaral;éf¶ca+} .
RBHefr³luHGgÁúysþab;nagehIyk¾GaNit eTIbmanefrdIkafa tamBiteTA
«BukmþayminKYr[beNþay[kUneQøaHTas;ETgKñadl;fñak;enHeT RbsinebIminedaHRsay
enAeBlenH minyUrb:unµan BYkeKnwgmankargareFVIrkluy)anedayxøÜnÉg teTAmux
c,as;CaKµannrNasþab;nrNay:agBitR)akd .
RBHefr³manerOgpÞal;xøÜnelIkykmk[eyIgBicarNadUcteTA elakCakUneBA
manbgRsIBIrnak; kalBIenAkumarPaBk¾Føab;eQøaHTas;ETgCamYybgRsIEdr b:uEnþeBaJam
Rbus)anedaHRsayTan;eBlevla ehtudUecñHehIy)anCaKµanbBaðaGVI eBaJamRbusrbs;
elak riHrkviFITb;Tl;kUnEbk)ak;samKÁIKñadUcteTAenH
viFITI 1 RKb;RKgkUntamlMdab;Gayu
enAeBldwgfabgnigb¥ÚneQøaHRbEkkKñaCYnkalrhUtdl;vaytb;Kña Kat;min
niyayeRcIneT Kat;ehARbCuMKñabgb¥ÚnTaMg 3 nak; Kat;k¾cg¥úlmuxkUneBA[eTAkac;rMBat;
rMBat;tUceBk Kat;minRBmykeT [eTAkac;rMBat;FM²mk .
RKan;EtykrMBat;mkehIy Kat;k¾sYrBaküxøI² fa {eQøaHKñaCamYybgRsIEmneT?}
{)aTBuk}/
{ebIGBa©wg Qr»bRTUg{/
135
 ehIyKat;k¾hucrMBat;eTA[bgRsIvayebIkmux 1 rMBat; enAminTan;dwgnrNaxus
nrNaRtUveT Kat;minTan;)ansYrmYym:at;eLIy ejamRbus[bgRsIvayebIkmuxmun
BIbTmineKarBtamlMdab;Gayu [vay 1 rMBat; .
luHbgRsIvayrYcehIy ejamRbusk¾sYrfaekItmanerOgGI ebIGatµaCaGñkxus
Kat;cg¥úlmux[eTAkac;rMBat;mþgeTot mþgenHKat;CaGñkvayedayxøÜnÉg vayeRBaH
GatµaCaGñkeFVIxus .
CYnkal Kat;k¾sYrb:HcMbgRsICaGñkeFVIxus GatµaKitfanwg)anvaybgRsIvij
b:uEnþmindUecñaHeLIy Kat;k¾cg¥úy[bgRsIeTAkac;rMBat;mk Kat;k¾vaybgRsIBIbTs¥b;b¥Ún
ehIyKat;vayedayxøÜnÉg .
eXIjfa eTaHCanrNaxusk¾eday GatµaRtUvrMBat;muneKrhUt kñúgzan³Cab¥ÚneK
mindwgCaeTAeQøaHCamYybgeFVIGI eTIbragcalTaMgBIrnak; enHCaviFIsaRsþmYyEdleBaJam
Rbusrbs;GatµaykmkBt;nisS½yminl¥rbs;kUn[ecHRsLaj;Kña .
viFITI 2 bgðat;[ecHTTYlbnÞúkkargarpÞHrYmKña
kalBIedIm pÞHrbs;GatµaeFIVERs eFVIcmáar ral;éf¶esAr_ nigéf¶GaTitü Kat;bBa¢a[
bgb¥ÚneTAeFIVkargarrYmKña Kat;bBa¢afa {esµARtg;enHcMag[rlIg ehIy dIRtg;enHCIk[
eRsc)ac;{ .
Kat;niyayfa CIk[eRsc)ac; mann½yfa RbsinebIeFVIminehIy min)ac;
mksuI)ayl¶aceT ehtudUecñHehIy bgb¥ÚnTaMg 3 nak;k¾TajcbRbjab;Rbjal;cat;kar
b:uEnþCYnkal kUneBAeRcInEteKcecjBIkargar mineFVIkareT .
eRBaHehtuGVI?
eRBaHeBlRBwkeKceTA)aj;cab b¤ sÞÚcRtICamYymitþPkþi luHdl;eBll¶ac eTIb
RtLb;mkvij søn;citþenAeBldwgfa kargarRbEhlCaminehIyTan;eBlevlaeT ebIbg
RsI 2 nak; eFVIkarminehIyeT eyIgTaMgGs;Kñac,as;Camin)anBisa)ayl¶aceT Gatµak¾
Rbjab;Rbjal;CYyeFVIkargar[ehIyeRsc RtUvniyaybeBa¢arbgRsIxøH xøacERkgbg
RsIraykarN_GMeBIrbiulrb:Ucrbs;GatµaeTAbþwgejamRbus eBlresolk¾RtUvniyay[
136
suPaBrabsa hat;niyay[BIeraHenAeBlresolhñwgÉg eBlRBwkniyay)a:tNa)a:tNI
b:uEnþluHdl;eBlresol k¾RtUvniyay[)anBieraHsþab; ebImindUecñHeT BitCamanerOgmin
xan KW
1> l¶acenHGacmin)an)ayhUbk¾)anTaMgRtUveRTalcegáogbMPøWCIkdITaMgbgTaMgb¥Ún
eTotpg .
2> RbsinebIbgRsIeTAbþwgejamRbusfaGatµaeKcevsBIkargar )anCakargarmin
Tan;ehIy RbsinebIdUecñH GatµaRtUvrMBat;mñak;Ég eTIbRtUvniyay[BIeraHbnþic edIm,Iyk
citþbgRsI .
niyay[RsYlsþab; KWfa RtUvejamRbusbBa¢a[ecHeFVIkargarrYmKña ebIGal½yEt
eQøaHKña kargarmiinehIyvij rwtEtekþARkhay dUecñH eyIgRtUvRsuHRsYlKñaeday
sV½yRbvtþi .
bBaðab¥ÚnRsIrbs;eBaaJmEdlekIteLIghñwg bgðajfa enAÉpÞHBMusUvmankargareFVIeT
beNþay[sb,ayRCuleBk RbsinebIcg;[RsuHRsYll¥ RtUveFVI[Gtþxat;lM)ak eRBaH
ebIGtþxat;lM)ak BYkeKnwgCYyrkTTYlTanxøÜnÉg eRBaHvasb,ayhYseBk eTIb
kUneFIVy:agenH .
ehtuenaH kñúgkrNIEdlEbk)ak;KñaehIy sUmENnaMxøH² sRmab;«Bukmþay
eTaHbICay:agNak¾eday sRmab;xøÜnejamCabgRsIeKbg¥s;RtUvyktYnaTIenH [«Buk
mþayCamun ehIyswmCYyKat;edaHRsaybBaðaenaH KW
1> rwtbnþwgesdækic©kñúgpÞH
masR)ak; kMu[cayvayeRcIneBk bgb¥ÚneQøaHKñamYyKUenH kMu[luycay
hYseBk RtUvecHBwgGaRs½yKñaeTAvijeTAmk .
2> [eFVIkargarpÞ
argarpÞHrYmKñaeRcIneLIg
erOgEdlrkaMcitþminniyayrkKñaenH nwgrls;)at;eTA eRBaHRtUveFVIkargarrYmKña
minniyayrkKña k¾eFIVkarmin)an ebIeFVItamviFIenH nwg)anseRmcplminxan .

137
 3> ebIkUnminTan;
TanFM;FeM Bjv½yxøaMgeT eyIgRtUveRbIrMBat;
atxø;xHø
RbsinebImanehtuplehIy minRtUvxøackUnrt;ecjBIpÞHeT kUnb:unenHminTan;
h‘aneT rMBat;enAEtmansar³sMxan;kñúgkarciBa©wmkUn b:uEnþRtUvecHeRbI vaybeNþIrTUnµan
beNþIr minEmnvaykUn[søab;enaHeT .
eTaHbICay:agNak¾eday KYrEteRbIviFIdMbUgbg¥s;Camunsin KW kat;bnßyluy
ehIy[mkCYykargar RbsinebIykeRbobelIKñaRCuleBk ekµgnwgrkpøÚvecjxøÜnÉg
tamFmµta ekµg² vaxwgminyUrb:unµaneT enAeBlGs;luykak; k¾mkCYyeFVIkarehIy .
RbsinebIenApÞHmanGñkbMerI k¾eRbIGñkbMerI[eFVIkic©karsMxan;kñúgpÞH kic©karpÞal;xøÚn
[kUnecHeFVIedayxøÜnÉg kic©karEdlTTUlxusRtUvrYmKña RtUv[bgb¥ÚnecHEbrmkRbwkSa
Kña eyIgRtUvcat;viFankartaMgEtBIkUnenAekµg RbsinebIcitþTn;tamkUn enATIbMput
nwg)ankUndUcCaGUsb£sSIbRBa©ascugminxan .
enAeBlbgRsIhñwgsþab;cb; Twkmuxrbs;Kat;EbrCaRss;bs;jjwmjEjmeday
manesckþIsgÇwmeLIgvij nignaMviFisaRsþrbs;RBHefr³eTAedaHRsaysßankarN_ Edl
ekIteLIgkñúgRkumRKYsarrbs;Kat;teTA .
«BukmþayNak¾edayEdl)anGanerOgenH sUm[CYybNþúHbNþalsamKÁIPaB
rbs;kUnedaymankareKarBKñatamPaBcas;TuM b¤ Gayu[)ansuRkwt bgðat;nisS½yTTYl
xusRtUvrYm[kUnRKb;Kña kUnrbs;eyIgenAeBlFMeLIg k¾ecHRsLaj;Kña nigecHCYyKña
eTAvijeTAmk eTaHbICalM)akk¾minrt;ecalKñaEdr RKan;Etb:ueNÑH «Bukmþayk¾Elg
RBYy)armµN_teTAeTotehIy .

138
139
 PaKTI 3 esckþIsamKÁIkñúgRKYsar

edaHRsayy:agNaenAeBlpÞHCitxageQøaHKña

brisßanl¥nwgpþl;pll¥cMeBaHnisS½ycitþKMnitrbs;kUn RbsinebIpÞH
CuMvijeyIgeQøaHKñaCaerogral;éf¶ cUlcitþeCrKñaedayBaküRTeKaHe)aH
e)akdl;KñaCaerogral;éf¶ «BukmþayKYredaHRsaybBaðaenHy:agNa?
RbsinebIkUneyIgsþab;lWBaküeCrenHCaerOy² vanwgmin)anpll¥eLIy
GaceFVI[kUnecHeRbIBaküsmþIminBieraH RceLagxameTotpg nigsgÁm
minTTYlsÁal;enAeBlGnaKt .
140
 viFIedaHRsay
karedaHRsaybn§ÚrbnßysßankarN_EbbenH man 2 viFIEdlGacedaHRsay)an KW

viFITI 1 pøas;lMenAdæanecj
RbsinebI«BukmþaymanfvikaRKb;RKan;edIm,Ipøas;bþÚreKhdæan)ank¾pøas;eTA b:uEnþ
ebIminGaceT k¾RtUvmanPaBGt;Fµt;teTA «BukmþayeFVICaKMrUedaykareBalvacaBieraH²
[kUnsþab; ebIeyIgeRbIkmøaMgCamYypÞHCitxag vak¾GacmanbBaðaeQøaHRbEkkKñaminxan
naM[QWxøÜnpg BitCaKµanRbeyaCn_eT .

viFITI 2 ykGMeBIl¥eTAts‘U
ebI«BukmþayenAekµgCagGñkCitxag RtUveFVIxøÜnKYr[RsLaj; GñkCitxagc,as;Ca
nwgERkgrEGgcitþminxan edayminh‘aneQøaHKñaeRbIsemøgxøaMgeT b:uEnþebI«Bukmþayman
v½ycas;CagGñkCitxag manGaCIBmanmuxrbrrwgmaM GñkenAkñúgPUmieKarBrab;Gan/ krNI
rbs;pÞHenHRtUvEtrkviFIcrcaKña[)an b:uEnþmuneBlniyaycrcaCamYynwgGñkCitxagenaH
«BukmþayRtUveFVIxøÜnÉgKYr[RsLaj; KYr[ERkgrEGgcitþBIGñkdéTCamunsin mindUecñaHeT
Bi)aknwgniyaycrcaKñaNas; luHRtaEteFVIxøÜnÉgKYr[RsLaj;nigERkgrEGgcitþehIy
swmniyaycrcaCamYynwgGñkCitxag

etIeFVIyagNaeTI
:agNaeTIbKYr[RsLaj;
RsLajni;ngi KYr[ERkgrEGgci
ERkgrEGgcitþ ?
1¦ mnusSnwSnwgkøayeTAGñ
yeTAGñkKYr[RsLaj;
RsLaj); an RtUvEtCamnusSbiun[ [GVIk¾eday
eRscEteyIgman dUcCa ebIeyIgmanRTBü b¤ man)aysmøk¾EbgEckKñahUbeTA/ GñkCit
xagnwgERkgrEGgcitþeyIgminxan BIeRBaHebIeyIgmanGñkdéT[rbs;ebrGVImk eyIgk¾
ERkgcitþeKEdr .

141
 GñkEdlGacdas;etOnkiriyaRbRBwtþrbs;GñkdéT)anRtUv
rkSasIl[)anl¥y:agehacNas;k¾mansIl 5 eBj
eljEdr kalebIrkSasIl)anl¥mankiriyamaryaTnig
vin½yl¥ehIyeTIbmanlT§PaBGacedaHRsaysßankarN_
enH)an

GñkEdlGacdas;etOnkiriyaRbRBwtþrbs;GñkdéT)an RtUvrkSasIl[)anl¥ y:ag

ehacNas;k¾mansIl 5 eBjeljEdr kalebIrkSasIl)anl¥ mankiriyamaryaT
nigvin½yl¥ehIy eTIbmanlT§PaBGacedaHRsaysßankarN_enH)an .
b¤ mankmøaMgkaylµmCYykargarEdlKYrCYy)an k¾CYyeTA .
sUm,IebIeyIgmin)an[rbs;GVIk¾eday [kmøaMgcitþk¾)an KW eRbIBaküsmþIBieraH²
niyayl¥² b¤ pþl;nUvsñamjjwm ebIniyayGVImin)an jjwm[k¾)an .
RbsinebI«BukmþayeFVIxøÜn[smrmüCamYynwgGñkCitxag «BukmþaymYyKUenaHnwgkøay
eTACaGñkKYr[RsLaj; KYr[ERkgcitþGMBIsmñak;GñkCitxag kalebIdUecñH k¾nwgGac
CYydas;etOnkiriyaRbRBwtþarbs;GñkCitxag)an .

142
 RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;)anRtas;TuknUvFm’ 1 kg KW sgÁhvtßú 4 ERb[RsYl
sþab;fa eKalFm’énkarseRgÁaHbuKÁl b¤ viFIkarbegáItPaBsamKÁIkñúgRkummnusS BYk
Fm’enHcab;epþImeday
1> Tan KW kar[rbs;rbrEdlCaRbeyaCn_epSg²dl;GñkdéT
2> biyvaca KW kareRbIBaküsmþIBieraHEp¥mElðmecjBITwkcitþesµaHs
3> Gtßcriya KW karRbRBwtþxøÜn[CaRbeyaCn_cMeBaHGñkdéT dUcCa CYy[Gñk
déTmankic©kareFVICaedIm .
4> smantþta KW kareFIVxøÜnÉg[smrmü esµIedImesµIcug
ebI«BukmþayRbRBwtþtamFm’ 4 Rbkar enH)an GacnwgkøayCabNÐit køayCabuKÁl
manGñkdéTeKarBrab;Gan eTaHmindl;fñak;elIktemáIgbUCay:agNak¾eday k¾lµmnwg[
eKÉgERkgcitþEdr luHmanerOgb:HTgÁicKña swmeyIgeTAdas;etOn eTAedaHRsay nwgedaH
Rsayy:agNaenaH GaRs½yeTAelIeyIgemIleTAtamsßankarN_nImYy²eTA CYnkal
GacBiPakSa nigCYyedaHRsayKña)an .
2¦ GñkEdlGacdas;
EdlGacdasetOnki
;etOnkiriyaRbRBwtþrbs;
bsGñ;Gkñ déT)
déT)an RtUvrkSasIl[)anl¥
[)anl¥
y:agehacNas;k¾mansIl 5 eBjeljEdr kalebIrkSasIl)anl¥ mankiriyamaryaT
nigvin½yl¥ehIy eTIbmanlT§PaBGacedaHRsaysßankarN_enH)an .
RbsinebI«BukmþayNaminGaceFVIxøÜn[CamnusSmansIlFm’)aneT kMuGaleTA
das;etOnGñkdéT ERkgelaQWcitþQWxøÜnRtLb;mkvij .

karmanTwkcitþcMeBaHshKm
viFIfñak;fñmcitþGñkdéT b¤ eFVI[GñkdéTERkgcitþmaneRcInNas; b:uEnþ manviFImYy
kar[ kalebI[edayTwkcitþesµaH GñkdéTnwgRsLaj;
EdlmanRbsiT§iPaBbMput KW kar[
RBmTaMgERkgcitþpgEdr .

143
 sUmelIkyk]TahrN_EdleRbI)anplbMput CaviFIgay² KW eBlRBwkRBlwmGul
ykGMe)asedIre)aspøÚvcUlpÞHtaMgBIk,alpøÚvrhUtdl;cugpøÚv éf¶NaenApÞH RtUvEte)as
ral;éf¶ ebImin)anenAeT y:agticNas; 7 éf¶RtUvmke)asmþg edayviFIenHÉg
eFVI[GñkCitxagcab;epþImsÁal;eyIgminxan sUm,IeKminRsLaj; k¾eKmins¥b;Edr/ kar[
EbbenH ehAfa kar[kar[edaykmø
edaykmøaMagM kay .
cas;² manviFIeRcInNas; manviFImYyswgykmkeRbIRKb;pÞH b:uEnþsm½yenHmin
sUveXIjmaneT KWcas;² enApÞH Kat;manBagdak;Twk manTaMgpþwlb¤EkvenAxagmuxpÞH
GñkNaeRskTIkedIrkat;mkk¾hUb)an BagFmµtaenaHk¾køayeTACaBags½kþisiT§× TTYl
)anGVIEdlmantémøeRcInCagTwkFmµta KW TwkcitþmitþPaB .
eRBaHehtuenaH RbsinebI«BukmþaynaMmuxedaykar[ nigRbRBwtþxøÜn[mansIl
nigmanmaryaTl¥EbbenaH enATIbMputkUnrbs;eyIgnwgrs;enAkñúgbrisßanl¥ TaMgeyIg
k¾mincaM)ac;pøas;lMenAdæaneTANaEdr .

144
145
 PaKTI 3 esckþIsamKÁIkñúgRKYsar

Gb;rMkUn[ecHkMdrjatimitþEdlQWF¶n;

mnusSeyIgekItmkehIykñúgelakenHEtgEtsøab;eTAvijCaFmµta
b:uEnþmunnwgsøab;eTA PaKeRcInEtgEtFøak;xøÜnQWF¶n;edkelIERKenAÉmnÞI
eBTü Gvyv³épÞkñúgxøHrbs;ragkayk¾cab;epþImTn;exSayeTA² rhUtdl;
emeraKepSg² cUleTAyayIeFVI[GñkCMgWrgTukçevTnaCaxøaMg xN³enaHEdr
ekasikaRKab;Qam ekasikarbs;sac;PñasepSg² k¾gab;eTAbnþicmþg²
kardwgxøÜnk¾rlt;eTACaerOy² ehtuenaHeyIgcaM)ac;RtUvEteronemIlEf
jatimitþ b¤ GñkEdlCaTIRsLaj;Føak;xøÜnQWdundabxøH TaMgenHk¾edIm,IxøÜn
eyIghñwgÉg .
146
 cMNucd¾sMxan;énkareronemIlEfGñkCMgWEdlQWF¶n;CitnwglHelakenHeTAEbbenH
rEmgeFVI[eyIg)anRbtibtþiya:gRtwmRtUvkñúgkarEfrkSacitþKMnitrbs;jatimitþ b¤ Gñkman
KuNEdlkMBugts‘UCamYynwwgkarQWcab;ehobnwgdl;mrNkal RbsinebIerOgEbbenaH
Føak;mkelIeyIgvij eyIgnwgeRtomxøÜnRbQmmuxnwgGakareraKepSg² )any:agRtwmRtUv
munnwglHelakenH TaMgRtUvbgðat;kUnecAecHviFIemIlkMdreyIg)any:agRtwmRtUveTotpg.
kalebIjati b¤ KUesñhQW
_QFW ¶n; etIeyIgKYrEfrkSay:
EfrkSayagNa
:agNa ?
cMeBaHkarEfrkSaGñkCMgW eyIgRtUvEbgEckCa 2 RbePT KW
1> karEfrkSaeraKtampøÚvkay
karEfrkSatampøÚvkayenH RtUvBüayamrkRKUeBTüEdlmancMeNHdwg smtßPaB
kñúgkarBüa)aly:agGs;GjlMeKjGatµa tamEdlzan³ nigbriyakaspþl;[ .
2> karEfrkSacitþKMnitrbs; rbsGñ;Gkñ CMgW
kñúgkrNIGñkCMgWQWF¶n; manGakareraKesÞIrsøab;esÞIrrs; cMNucenHsMxan;Nas;
BIeRBaHCakarBRgwgsµartIrbs;GñkCMgW ebIGñkCMgWmanGakareraKdabxøaMg karlHelakenH
eTAsusuKti b¤ TuKti
Kt GaRs½yelIsµartImunsøab;hñwgÉg .
Kt
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;Rtas;fa {ebI ebIcicti þmumnu søab;besAhµ
;esAhµg rEmgman
rEmgmanTu
manTuKÁtiCaTI
CaTI
eTA buE: nþebIcitþmunsøab;bpU;prU pg;
pg; rEmgman
rEmgmansu
mansuKtiCaTI
CaTIeTA { .
suKtiCaTIeTA KWGVI ? KW karsøab;BIelakenHeTA ehIy)aneTAekItkñúgmnusSelak
eTvelak nig RBhµelak .
TuKÁtiCaTIeTA KWGVI ? KW karsøab;BIelakenHeTA ehIy)aneTAekItkñúgkMeNItnrk
eRbt Gsurkay nig stVtircäan .

147
 RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;Rtas;fa
{ ebIcitþmunsøab;b;esAhµ
esAhµgrEmgmanTuKÁtiCaTIeTA
pg; rEmgmansuKtiCaTIeTA {
b:uEnþebIcitþmunsøab;b;pUprU pg;

suKtit nig TuKtÁ i enH KWCaTIkEnøgEdlGñksøab;eTARtUvcUlmTTYlplén kmµEdl

xøÜn)aneFVITukkalBIenACamnusS edayGaRs½ycitþCaGñkseRmcmunsøab;fa {esAhµ esAhµg{b¤
{pUpUrpg;
pg;{ EdlehAfa {cm cm,
cm,aMgdeNþImPB{
PB{ KW karRbNaMgRbECgKñarvag suKtiPB nig
TuKtiÁtPi B .
ehtudUecñH eTaHbICa)anlT§plkñúgkarEfrkSaGñkCMgWy:agNak¾eday GñkEfrkSa
enACitditTaMgGs; RtUvmantYnaTICaGñkemIlEfGñkCm¶WedaymanviFIEbbenH KW
{GñGñkEdlEfrkSaGñkCMgWCitdi
tditRtUvEtecHEfrkSaci
EtecHEfrkSacitþrbs;
bsGñ;Gkñ Cm¶W[)anpU
[)anpUrpg;
[) pgRKb;
;RKb;
RKb
eBlevla GñkCm¶WnwgmankmøaMgcitþkñkúgkarRbQmmu
ñgkarRbQmmuxnwgeraKeXareXAenH minrafy
gkar
enOyNay b¤Gs; GssgÇw
Gs ;sgÇwmkñúgCIvit } .
148
GVIEdlbuKÁlGñkEfrkSaGñkCMgWRtUveFVIkñúgkar[kmøaMgcitþdl;GñkCm¶W KW
1¦ erOgekþ
erOgekþAcitþtmþ YyNak¾edayRtUvkarBarkuM[GñkCm¶W)anB¤
anB eTaHbICaerOg)at;
bg;RTBüsm,tþi erOgekþARkhayrbs;kUnecA b¤ erOgGak;Gn;RsBn;citþNa² k¾eday
k¾RtUvkarBarkMu[ekItman[esaH .
2¦ benÞarcitþGñkCMgW[eTareTArkbItikñúgbuNü edaykarniyaydl;GMeBIl¥Edl
GñkCMgWFøab;)aneFVITukBImunmk dUcCa niyay[nwkdl;buNükuslEdlFøab;bYs eFVIbuNü
kzin eFVIbuNüpáa nig sagsaFarN³RbeyaCn_epSg² RBmTaMgbuNükuslEdlFøab;CYy
GñkdéTCaedIm .
3¦ dwknaMGñkCMgW[eFVIbuNüku
ükuslEfmeTot
lEfmeTottam
EfmeTottamEdlKat
tamEdlKat;
EdlKatGaceFV
;GaceFVI)an dUcCa kar
[Tan dak;)aRtCaerogral;éf¶ eTaHbICaGñkCMgWeRkakeLIgminrYck¾eday k¾Gacnimnþ
elak[eTATTYlcgðan;dl;eKhdæan dl;bnÞb;sRmakk¾)an b¤ebIBi)akeBk GacnaMmðÚb
Gahar[GñkCMgWGFidæanmunehIyswm[GñkNamñak;eTAdak;)aRtCMnYsk¾)an kalebIdak;
)aRtrYcehIy k¾mkR)ab;GñkCMgWfa)andak;)aRtrYcehIy GñkCMgWk¾ekItmanbItieLIgenA
kñúgcitþ .
4¦ dwknaMGñkCMgW[rkSasIl 5 )any:
anyagtw
:agtwgrwg sUm,IEtkarTHmusjicéc k¾RtUv[
lHbg;Edr .
5¦ dwknaMGñGkñ CMgW[kMNt;tkardkdegð
;kardkdegðImCasmaFi erOgenHmansar³sMxan;xøaMg
kardk
Nas; eyIgGacykkaEstsURtmnþ b¤ kaEsteTsnarbs;RBHsgÇEdlKat;eKarBbUCa
mkebIk [sþab; b¤ GanesovePAFm’[GñkCMgWsþab; ebIGaceFVIya:genHCaRbcaM)an Rbsin
GñkCMgWmanbuNü CMgWGacCasHes,Iy)anedayGMNacbuNücas; nig buNüEdl)aneFVI
mkfµIrYmKña ebIGñkCMgWGs;buNüehIyluHsøab;eTA k¾søab;eTAkan;TIsßand¾smKYrminFøak;
eTAnrkedayBit eRBaHmunsaøb;GñkCMgWmancitþbrisuT§RKb;eBlevla .
149
 karEdlGacdwknaMBaMyYrGñkCMgW[eFVIy:agenH)an GñkEfrkSak¾Ck;søúgkñúgbuNü
pgEdr TaMgRtUveRbIGMNaccitþGFidæan[buNüEdleyIg)anbMeBjl¥mkehIyCYybI)ac;
EfrkSaGñkCMgWpg CaehtunaM[ekItpll¥dl;karEfrkSaGñkCMgWteTAeTot .

srubesckþI
enAeBlvinaTIcugeRkayrbs;mnusSeyIgQanmkdl; mnusSsuT§EtRtUvmanGñk
CYyeFVIcm,aMgRbNaMgykPBTaMgGs; C½yCMnHkñúgkareFVIcm,aMgRbNaMgykPB KW kar
mancitþpUrpg;munputdegðImeTA .
eRBaHehtuenaH enAeBljatirbs;eyIgQW eTaHCajatiCit b¤ q¶ayk¾eday
eTaHCaQWF¶n; b¤ QWRsalk¾eday enAeBlkUnecAeyIgFMdwgkþIehIy k¾KYrbgðat;[kUnecA
[ecHEfrkSasuxPaBxøÜnÉg nwg manTwkcitþecHCYyykGasajatiEdlmanCMgW [eTA
EfrkSacitþGñkCMgW[pUrpg; edIm,I[kUnecAyl;dwgsPaBBitrbs;CIvitfa mnusSRKb;Kña
RtuUvEtsøab;TaMgGs; elIsBIenaHeTot RbsinebIéf¶Ebbhñwgmkdl;eyIg kUnecArbs;
eyIgnwgGacCYyeyIgeFVIcm,aMgRbNaMgykPB)an .

150
151
 PaKTI 3 esckþIsamKÁIkñúgRKYsar

eTaHbIkUnGaRkk;b:unNa matabitak¾enAEtRsLaj;

karmankUnkñúgyuKsm½yEdlesdækic©KabkEbbenH eFVI[mata
bita minsUvmaneBlevlaemIlEfkUneLIy kUnRtUv)anciBa©wmbI)ac;
edayTUrTsSn_ b¤ vIdiGU EbbbeNþayeTAtamcitþxøH RtUvlHElgrEvg
bg;ecalxøH nigviFIepSg² eTot edIm,IbeNþaHeBleFVIkargarrbs;mata
bita kUnFMeLIgedayKµanGñkeRbonRbedA køayCamnusSRKb;RKgGarmµN_
xøÜnÉgmin)an mindwgehtupl minsÁal;GaRkk;l¥ Tb;citþTb;kayxøÜnÉg
min)an TIbMputk¾yl;fa matabitaminsUvCaRtUvcitþ esckþIlM)akRtdab
RtdYsrbs;matabitaEdl]TÞis[cMeBaHkUnmanb:unNa k¾emIlmineXIj
mindwgKuNrbs;matabita yl;xusfa matabitabegáIteKmkehIy k¾man
tYnaTIciBa©wmbI)ac;eK[suxRsNukRsYl dUcCakUnGñkFUrFarÉeTot TRmaM
nwgFMeLIg TIbMputkarQWcab;kñúgcitþ nig karGak;Gn;RsBn;citþk¾vil
RtLb;mkrkmatabitaenHÉg .
152
 erOgTaMgGs;enH RKYsarCaeRcIn)anCYbRbTHmkehIyedayxøÜnÉg KW mankUnxøH
KittUccitþtUceføImfa matabitarbs;xøÜnminFUrFardUcmatabitaGñkdéT niyaysþIdUcCa
davlMEBgcak;edatebHdUgmatabita fa Em:«x¢ileFVIkarrksIu eTIbbNþal[RKYsarRkIRkb¤
cUlcitþeFVIxøÜntk;m:k;naM[xµaseK GñkxøHKMramTamTar«Bukmþaycg;)anenHcg;)anenaH
eFVIqugqaMgkþúgkþaMg eFVI)abkmµCamYynwgmatabitaedaymindwgxøÜn .
bBaðaTaMgenHminEmnekItcMeBaHEtkñúgpÞHEdlmanesdækic©minsUvl¥b:ueNÑaHeT
sUm,IEtpÞH esdæI k¾manbBaðalb;mineBjenHEdr .
RBHefr³ 1 GgÁ dMNalR)ab;fa kalBI 7-8 qñaM mun manesdæImñak;mkBITis
TkSiN edIrmuxs¶ÜtcUlmkrk ehIyR)ab;fa {sUmRBHetCKuNCYy´kNapg kUnRbusxil
xUcCaTIbMput eRkAEtBIxilxUcehIy enAkMejIj«BukmþayTarenHTarenaH RKan;EtTij[
ehIy k¾ykeTAeFVIxUcxatGs; CYnkal [vaminTan;citþ k¾eCrbeBa©ar«Bukmþay ´kNamin
dwgCaeFVIy:agem:ceTCamYynwgkUnenH}
RBHefr³k¾ENnaMKat;fa {edaysarEtkUnejamminEdlcUlvtþbdibtþiFm’ ENnaMGI
eRcIneBkk¾min)anEdr R)ab;[mksþab;eTsna b¤ [GgÁúysmaFieFVIcitþ[føaRsLHedIm,I
[emIleXIjKuNrbs;matabita CYlvak¾minsþab;Edr fñak;Em:«vaenAh‘aneCr erOgGI
mksþab;GñkdéT eTaHbICakUnkMBugsmøab;ejamedayykBaküsMdICaGavuFcak;cMebHdUg
k¾eday ebImanGñkNamkniyayfa kUnGñkGIk¾GaRkk;emøH ejamenAEtecjmuxkarBarva
y:ageBjTMhwgfa kUn´l¥Nas;}
{\LÚveFVIy:agenHvij muneBlejamRtLb;eTAPaKxagt,Úvvij sUm[ejambbYl
kUnCMelIyenaHeTAmCÄmNÐlkumarkMRBamþgemIl_ ejamGagfaem:ck¾)anEdr naMvaeTA
EckTandl;kumarkMRBa enATIenaHmþg vanwgeXIjedayxøÜnÉg CYnkalbuNüeRBgCYy
[vanwkeXIjk¾)an ehIysßankarN_ nwgRbesIreLIgminxan }
ehtuGIV)anCaRBHefr³ENnaM[Kat;eTATIenaH ehtupl KW cg;[kUnRbusKat;)an
eXIjPaBlM)akb:unNaEdlkumarkMRBa«BukmþayCYbRbTH edIm,I[ecHKitmuxKiteRkay

153
 eTaHbICakUnkMBugsmøab;Kat;tamry³BaküsMdIcak;eqáol
ebHdUgenHÉg ebImanGñkNamYymkniyayfakUnKat;
minl¥ Kat;k¾ecjmuxkarBarkUny:ageBjTMhwgfa kUn
xøÜnl¥ral;éf¶

nwgEkcritxøÜnÉg RtLb;mkRsLaj;matabitay:agGs;BIeBaHBIBug BIeRBaH)aneTAeXIj

kumarkMRBaTaMgenaHÉg .
{enAcaM)anfa eBlenaH xøÜnÉgeronenAmhaviTüal½yqñaMcugeRkay manéf¶mYy
enaH mitþP½RkbbYleTAEckTandl;kumarkMRBaenAÉmCÄmNÐlmYy mankumarkMRBa
RbmaNCa 200-300 nak; manPIelogemIlEfekµg 20 nak; rMElkPIelogmñak;² Eck
ekµg 10-20 nak; RKan;EtBYkeyIgeTAdl; ekµg² TaMgenaHk¾rt;RscUlmkRsvaRbECg
Kña[B ekµg² ehAnisSitRbusfa {))a:} ehAnisSitRsIfa {ma ma:
mak: ;} eFVI[nisSitRsI
eLIgmuxRkhm BYkeKRtUv)anbeRgon[ehAGñkpgy:agenaHEmn ehIyekµg² minsÁal;
faGñkNaCa«Buk b¤GñkNaCamþayeT
ekµg 3-4 nak;RsvacUlmk»brwtBYkeyIg ssulcUlmkdUcCakUnsVa R)ab;fa
rhUtmYyCIvit eKminEdl)ansÁal;esckþIRsLaj; nig PaBkk;ekþAeLIy GVI² knøHRKEht
154
TaMgGs; eKeTIbdeNþImRbTajRbTg;yk[)aneRcInCaTIbMput yknMeTAEck k¾deNþImKña
jaMu yktukátaeTA[ k¾deNþImKñaelg .
edaysarBYkeyIgmindwgcMnYnekµgb:unµannak; eTIbTijtukátaeTAEt 40-50 tY enA
eBleyIgEcktukáta[ BYkeKk¾RbjayKña mYyRkbYck mYyRkbYcéd mYyeTotTajeCIg
mYyRBwb tukátafµI²k¾dac;Gs; )anmñak;mYyRCugmYyceRmok ehIyk¾Rbdal;Rbtb;Kña}
{BYkeyIgeykGaveTA[ ekµgNaGavcas;dacehIy PIelogk¾ykeTAbþÚrfµI
GavekµgNaenACMnM minTan;bþÚrfµI[eT BYkeKk¾RcENnKña cUleTATajeTAkRnþak; TIbMput
GavfµIk¾rEhkGs; Bak;minekIt }
{luH)aneXIjdUecñaHehIy k¾PñkKiteXIj RsmutcitþPøam »hñ ¡ ekµgTaMgenH
eKmanlMnwkKitmindUceyIgetI kalEdleyIgenAekµg eyIgcg;)anmitþP½RkRskrKñaeRcIn²
nak; n¥alnwg)anelgsb,ayTaMgGs;Kña eyIgminEdlKitfa mitþnwgmkdeNþImrbs;sIub¤
Rbdab;elgBIeyIgeT eRBaHeBaHeyIgEq¥t Rbdab;elgeyIgk¾eRcIn ehIyEdlsMxan; KW
eyIg)anTTYlesckþIRsLaj; nig esckþIkk;ekþABIelak)a: Gñkm:ak; eyIgdwgfa BYkKat;
RsLaj;fñak;fñmeyIg GñkenACitxageyIgsuT§EtRsLaj;eyIgTaMgGs; eyIgeTIbsmøwg
emIleXIjelakenACuMvijxøÜnedaysuTidæiniym RsLaj;mitþ cg;)anmiRtmkelgCamYy
[)aneRcIn éf¶xøHmandl;eTA 20-30 nak; elgenH elgenaH QUqrG‘UGr RtUvrMBat;
mYyéf¶² CaeRcIndg k¾eRBaHEtelgRsNukenHÉg}
{b:uEnþkumarkMRBaTaMgenHminmanmenaseBa©tnanwkKitdUcCaeyIgeLIy BYkeKmin
EdlemIleXIjGñkenACitxag 200-300 nak;enH CamitþP½RkeLIy pÞúyeTAvijemIl
eXIjfa CasRtUvEdlcaMEtdeNþImrbs;EdleKcg;)an deNþImmnusSEdlmkRsLaj;
xøÜnÉg EkvEPñkrbs;eKeRkomeRkaHRsgUtRsgat;y:agKYr[segVKcitþ }
ehtuenaH GVIEdlGatµaPaBcg;pþaMepJIdl;buRtFItaTaMgGs;EdlkMBugGenÞakGenÞal
matabita[eFVIenHeFVIenaHedIm,IxøÜnenAeBlenH KW kumarTaMgenH BYkeKKµan«Bukmþay[
RsLaj;eLIy ehIybuRtFItaEdl«BukmþayciBa©wmbI)ac;dl;fñak;enHehIy cuHeyIgnwg
TamTarykGVIBIBYkKat;eTot?
155
 BicarNatamsac;erOgEdlRBHefr³elIkmkdMNalenH naM[Kit)anfa karEdl
kUnTamTarGVI² GMBI«BukmþaytamGMeBIcitþ EfmTaMgniyaysþIemIlgayemIlefak[Kat;
QWcab;kñúgcitþCaeRcInEbbenH cat;TukfaCakareRbIBaküsMdIsmøab;Kat; kat;bnßyGayu
rbs;Kat;[xøIy:ageXareXAbMput b:uEnþeTaHbICakUnkMBugsmøab;Kat;tamry³BaküsMdIcak;
eqáolebHdUgenHÉg ebImanGñkNamYymkniyayfakUnKat;minl¥ Kat;k¾ecjmuxkarBar
kUny:ageBjTMhwgfa kUnxøÜnl¥ral;éf¶ eRBaHeQµaHfa «Bukmþay eTaHbIkUnGaRkk; b:unNa
Kat;k¾enAEts‘URTaMy:agCUrct; enAEtRsLaj;kUnminERbRbYl eTaHbICakUnxøÜnminFøab;eFVI
GMeBIl¥nwgKat;mþgNaeLIyk¾eday .
{eTaHbIkUnGaRkk;
GaRkkb; u:nNa matabitak¾enAEtRsLaj;
nAEtRsLaj;}

156
157
 PaKTI 4

karedaHRsaybBaðaG)aymux

158
159
 PaKTI 4 karedaHRsaybBaðaG)aymux

kUnejonG)aymux

esckþIRsLaj;kUneFVI[matabitacMNayeBlmYyéf¶² eFVIkarF¶n;
dUrykR)ak; edIm,IykR)ak;eTATijesckþIsuxRsNukRsYl[kUn dUcCa
karbgálkçN³gayRsYlkñúgkarsikSaeronsUFü Rbdab;elgeRKOgeRbI
R)as;exaGav eRKOgEtgkay KWfa eFVIGVI ² sBVy:agedIm,IkUnxøÜnmin[Gn;
CagmitþNakñúgsalaeroneLIy karRsLaj;kUnTaMgggwtggl;enHÉg
CamUlehtunaM[ePøcKitfa karEdlcMNayeBlevlaTaMgGs;hñwgRKan;Et
CakarciBa©wmkUn[lUtlas;Etkayb:ueNÑaH b:uEnþminTan;bNþúHbNþalKMnit
l¥RtwmRtUv[kUnenAeLIyeT .
160
 enAeBlRsLaj;kUnTaMgggwtggl;EbbenH «Bukmþayk¾RtUvmkGgÁúyBi)akcitþ
enAeBldwgfa kUnCaTIRsLaj;EGbeTApwkRsa esBeRKOgejonsmKb;nwgmnusScEmøk
kñúg)ar ehIyk¾ecaTsMNYrnwgxøÜnÉgfa {eyI
eyIgeFVIGVIxus b¤ )anCakUndak;
dakTNÐ
;TNÐkmµ esckþI
RsLaj;
RsLajrbs;;rbs«Bu
rbs ;«Bukmþayy
yya: genH?
genH?}
meFüa)ayedaHRsaybBaðakUnejonG)aymux
tamsac;erOgEdlelIkmkCaehtukarN_xagedIm GaceFVI[«BukmþayekItKMnit
xøacERkg)anfa eyIgkMBugRsLaj;kUnTaMgggwtggl;rWeT ebIdUecñaHEmn kUneyIgnwgxUc
GnaKtrWeT eRBaHsBVéf¶enH mandMNwgEbbenHtamTMB½rsarBt’manCaerOy² .
viFIedaHRsaybBaðaenH man 2 krNI
krNITI 1 eRbIviFIbgáarmun KW ebIpÞHNaminTan;ekItbBaðaenHeT RtUvRbjab;
bNþúHbNþalkUn[ecHEvkEjkrvagGMeBIl¥ nig GMeBIGaRkk;[ecHRKb;RKgcitþ)aneday
xøÜnÉg eRBaH«BukmþayminGactameTAemIlkUnxÜøÜn)anRKb;CMhaneT KYrcMNayeBl
bNþúHbNþalsuPnicä½y nig hamXat;citþcakGMeBIGaRkk; eTIb)anpll¥Cag .
krNITI 2 eRbIviFIedaHRsay KW ebIpÞHNaekItehtukarN_EbbenH RtUvcat;Tukfa
CabBaðaGasnñ ebIedaHRsayRtg;enHminecjeT mann½yfa GnaKtkUnRtUvxUcTaMgGs; .

krNITI 1 bgáarkUnmin[Bak;B½n§nwgG)aymux
kñúgkrNIEdlRKYsarNaminTan;ekItehtukarN_kUnejonG)aymuxeT «Bukmþay
RtUvRbjab;karBarCamunedayeFVImuxgardaMbNþúHKuNFm’enAkñúgcitþrbs;kUn y:ageBj
TMhwg .
b:uEnþbBaðaEdlekIteLIgkñúgRKYsarCaeRcInenAeBlbc©úb,nñenH KWfa «Bukmþaymin
dwgfa eRkAEtBIciBa©wmkaykUn[FMlUtlas;ehIy tYnaTIkñúgkarciBa©wmbNþúHcitþkUn man
GVIxøHeToteT?
161
 tamkarsikSaRsavRCavkñúgRBHBuT§sasna eXIjfa RBHbrmsasþaRTg;beRgon
kareFVItYnaTIrbs;«Bukmþayy:agc,as;las; fa ebI«BukmþayR)afñacg;[kUnFMeLIgkøayCa
mnusSl¥enAeBlGnaKt QrelICMhrxøÜnÉg)an ecHeRCIserIsKURKgl¥ nig Caclkr
sMxan;rbs;RKYsarkñúgéf¶GnaKt RtUvEteFVImuxgarsMxan; 5 y:agdUcteTAenH
1> beRgonkUn[evorcakGMeBIGaRkk;
2> beRgonkUn[QrenAelIpøÚvénGMeBIl¥
3> elIksÞÜykUn[)ansikSaeronsUFü edIm,I)ancMeNHviC¢akñúgkarRbkbGaCIB nig
TTYlxusRtUvxøÜnÉg)an
4> luHdl;eBlkUnmanKURKg CYyeRCIserIs CYyGFib,ayBnül;fa CIvitRKYsar
RtUvCYbRbTHnwgkarTTYlxusRtUvkñúgerOgNaxøH
5> luHdl;evlasmKYr k¾RbKl;RTBümrtk[kUnRKb;RKgedIm,I[ekItkarekItCa
RbeyaCn_teTA
tYnaTIsMxan;rbs;«Bukmþayman 5 y:agenHÉg ehIykarEdlkUnmanbBaða
k¾eRBaHEt «BukmþaybMeBjtYnaTIrbs;xøÜnmineBjeljhñwgÉg eTIbkøayCamUlehtu
sMxan;Edlfa
ehtuGVI)anCa«BukmþayRbedAkUn[evorcakGMeBIGaRkk;
aRkkmi;mni )an ?
dUnta)aneqøIysMNYrenHTukedayKtibNÐit fa {«Bukmþaysm½yenH KYr[RBYy
)armÖNas; kuMfaeLIyEtbeRgonkUn[evorcakGMeBIGaRkk; sUm,IEtxøÜnÉg GñkxøHk¾enA
Ejkmiinecjfa GVIxus GVIRtUv GVIl¥ GVIGaRkk;pg ehIysUm,IEterOgbuNü)abk¾mindwgEdr
GñkxøHeFVIKMrUminl¥[kUn emIl_eTot EbbenHÉgKYr[xøacbMput}
ehtuGVI)anCa«BukmþayRbedAkUn[eFVIGMeBIl¥min)an ?
dUntaR)ab;fa {mUlehtuekItmkBI«BukmþayxøHEjkecj)anfa GVIl¥ GVIGaRkk;
b:uEnþmin sUv)anTUnµaneRbonRbedAkUntamkarKYr eRBaHEtmanesckþIRsLaj; nig

162
esckþI)armµN_eRcIneBk eTIbllImllamepþspþas hamkUnmin[eTAenHeTAenaH
b:uEnþmin Bnül;ehtupl}
matabitaKYrKitBicarNafa eyIgnwgtamhamtamemIlkUn)anb:unµandg TIbMput
kUnk¾lYceTAeTotTal;Et)an ehtuenaH CYsnwg[EthamkUnkuMeTAenH kuMeTAenaH s‘Uyk
eBlmkRbedAkUn [dwgfa GVIl¥ GVIGaRkk; GVIRtUv GVIxus GVIKYr GVIminKYr RbesIrCag ehIy
RtUvEteRbonRbedACaerOy² rYcehIyk¾eFVIGVI² EdlCaGMeBIl¥[kUn)aneXIjpg .
cMENkÉerOgkarelIksÞÜy[kUn)ansikSaeronsURtvij «BukmþayKb,IBüayam
eFVI[)aneBjTMhwg b:uEnþCYnkalsgÇwmRCuleBk dUnta)andas;etOnEdrfa
«BukmþayxøHsBVéf¶enH dwgxøÜnfa minsUvmaneBlRbedAkUn[dwgfa GVIl¥
GVIGaRkk; b:uEnþmankþIRBYy)armÖcMeBaHkUnNas; cg;[kUn)anl¥ Rbjab;ykkUneTAdak;
tamsalaeronepSg² EdlmaneQµaHl,IfaCasalaeqñImCageK eTAdeNþImKñaykkUn
cUlsala bg;éføsalarab;mWun rab;Esn sUm[EtkUn)ancUleron RKan;EtcUleTAehIy
k¾Kitfa kUnnwgkøayCamnusSl¥ b¤ mnusSBUEk eRBaHRKUCaGñkbeRgon[)anl¥ .
sUmpþaMepJIenARtg;enHfa elak«BukGñkmþaynaMKñaKitxusehIy eRBaHkarbgðat;
ekµg[sÁal;l¥ GaRkk; sÁal;)ab sÁal;buNü CaerOgBi)akNas; RtUvkarGFib,ay
Bnül;eRcIn nig beRgonmñak;Tl;mñak b¤ beRgonRkumtUc² Rtwm 2-3 nak; RtUvGFib,ay
Bnül;GbsÞbKñateTA eTIbGacERCkRCabcUleTAkñúgcitþ)an karEdlsgÇwmfanwg[RKUÉ
salaeronbeRgonenaH sUmR)ab;fa sgÇwmRCuleBk eRBaHRKUmñak;RtUv emIlGñkeron
CaeRcInbnÞb; ehIybnÞb;mYymanGñkeron 30-40 nak; .
eBlenApÞH «Bukmþays‘UeFVItam»vaTEdlRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;eRbonRbedA
RbesIrCag KW bgðat;kUn[lHGMeBIGaRkk; sßitenAkñúgGMeBIl¥[)ansin ehIyswmsMedA
mkÉsalaeron erOgsalaeron erOgrkKURskr nig erOgRTBüsm,tþitamlMdab;lMeday
rbs;tYnaTI«Bukmþay .
GñkNaeFVI)any:agenH k¾sb,aycitþ)anehIy min)ac;tamxVl;fa kUnnwgeTACa
y:agenHy:agenaHeLIy kUnnwgdwgedayxøÜnÉgfa GVIl¥ GVIGaRkk; manKuN nig eTas
163
cMeBaHxøÜnÉgy:agNa sUm,ITIbMput CaerOgeTAcUl)arcUlbn pwkRsa nig esBeRKOg
ejon b¤G)aymuxEbøkfµIdéTeTot Edl«BukmþaytamminTan; kUnk¾Gacvinicä½yGarkat;fa
KYreFVI b¤ minKYreFVI)anedayxøÜnÉg.
enH KWCa TsSn³rbs;dUntakñúgkarbgáarkUn min[eFVIGMeBIGaRkk; beRgonkUn[
eFVIEtGMeBIl¥y:agcMTisedA .

krNITI 2 karedaHRsaykUn[rYcputGMBIkarejonG)aymux
krNIEdlkUnCab;ejonG)aymuxehIy erOgmYyEdlTajkUnRtLb;mkvij)an
KW «BukmþayRtUvEtniyaynwgkUnedayehtupl hameRbIGarmµN_ekþACadac;xat eFVI[
kUn)annwkeXIjedayesckþIRsLaj; esckþIRBYy)armÖ esckþIbrisuT§citþd¾RbesIrelIs
ln;CagGñkNa²TaMgGs;rbs;«Bukmþay mUlehtuEdlkUneTAbnG)aymuxEbbenaH
eRBaHeKKitfaminxus mindwgfa eFVI[«BukmþayRBYy)armÖ nig kMBugTRmmcitþ«Bukmþay
EdlepJIesckþIsgÇwmnwgkUnTaMgRsug .
sUmelIkyk]TahrN_rbs;RKYsarmYy EdlekItehtukarN_EbbenHEdr b:uEnþ
edaysar«BukmþayebIkebHdUgniyayKña kUneTIbyl;dwgesckþIRBYy)armÖrbs;«Buk
mþayehIy ykQñHmanHxøÜnÉg)an éf¶enaH erOgEdl«BukmþayTaMg 2 nak;enH
GFib,ay[kUnsþab; man 3 erOg KW
1¦ PaBminsmRsbénkarcayluyedIrelgyb; elgyb;
GñkCamþayGFib,ayfa
{ebIkUncg;eTAedIrelgyb; eRBaHeXIjeKeTACahUrEhr ehIyyl;fa GñkEdl
mineTACamnusScas;KMrilbUrMbUraN GBa©wg )a: nig m:ak;manerOgcg;R)ab;kUnfa kareTA
edIrelgmþg²rbs;kUn RtUvcayvayesahu‘yeRcIn eTaHCa)a:m:ak;GnuBaØatk¾eday k¾RtUvEt
exVHehAe)A:[kUneRcInEdr kUnsakKiteTAemIl_ fa etIsmKYreT Edl)a:m:ak;eFVIkarenOy
ht;mkswgsøab; TRmaMnwgrkluy)anmáak;emSn ehIyluyenaH RtLb;eTACaluy
164
 GñkEdleTAedIrelgyb; eRcInEtRKb;RKgxøÜnÉgmin)an
karRsvwggl;kMBugEtecjbJT§I )a:nigma:k;ÉgxøackUn
TTYlrgrbYsxøacERkgkUnTTYlrg]bTÞvehtuGMBICemøaH
Tas;ETgKñaxøacbriyakasGUsTajkUnPøaMgPøat;eTAsak
l,geRKOgejonehIyRtUvb:Uliscab;xøÜn xøacERkgkUn
RtUveKbRBa©kfñaMehIyRtUveKnaMykeTAlk;xøÜnxøacERkgkUn
nwgqøgCm¶WeGds_RtUvGs;GnaKtehIymk)at;bg;CIvitmun
v½ysmKYr .

bg;éføhWhakñúgkaredIrelgyb;rbs;kUneTAvij sBVéf¶enH )a: nig m:ak;TRmaMnwgrkluy

)anmingayeT N+³ TRmaMrk)anmáak;emSn Bi)akxøaMg Nas; )a:nigm:ak;cg;[kUnÉgemIl
erOgenH[TUlay nwg)anyl;edImRTUgrbs;)a: nig m:ak; fa RsLaj;kUnb:unNa mYyéf¶²
)a:nigm:ak;kan;Etcas;eTA² ehIyk¾nwgRtUvsøab;ecalkUneTAminxan mindwgfayUrb¤qab;
GVIEdlCaekrmrtk[kUn)an )a:m:ak;suxcitþ]TÞiskaycitþrkmkTuk[kUn eRBaHy:ag
Nay:agNIvaRbesIrCagbeNþay[varlayeTAeRBaHEttamcitþkUnedIrelgyb; }
{kUnGacCMTas;fa GñkNa²k¾eKeTAedIrelgEdr b:uEnþ)a:ma: k;Kitfa enAmanerOg
CaeRcIneTot EdlkUneFVIehIy minGn;CagGñkNa²TaMgGs; TaMgminxUcsuxPaBpg ehIy
viFIenaHmin)ac;cayluyeLIy dUcCa eTAeFVICaGñksµ½RKcitþGanesovePA[mnusSxVak;
sþab;k¾)an ykeBleTAedIrelgyb;enaHeTAsagRbeyaCn_[GñkdéT CIvitrbs;eyIg
eTIbmantémøéføfñÚrCagN+³kUn )a: nig m:ak;cg;[kUnemIlRtg;RCugenHpg} .

165
 2¦ eTAedIrelgyb;
elgyb; «kasEdlnwghamXat;
hamXatci;cti þmin)an ehI
ehIyeFVIGMeBIminKYrKb,
Kb,I
maneRcIn
mþgenH GñkCa«BukGFib,ayfa
{kUnKYrEtsÁal;FmµCatirbs;v½yCMTg;pg fa miRtrbs;kUnTaMgGs;suT§Etv½ysÞav
karRKb; RKgcitþminTan;maneRcIneT GachamXat;citþxøÜnÉgmin)an eTAeFVIGMeBIemaHmin
Kb,IepSg² .
v½ykMeLaHRkmuMCav½ykMBugsikSaeQVgyl;fa GVIl¥ GVIGaRkk; GVIbuNü GVI)ab
GVIxus GVIRtUv GVIKYr GVIminKYr eTaHCacab;GarmµN_kúñgkarsikSa b:uEnþminsUvCaCak;lak;
b:unµaneT eRBaHCIvitv½yCMTg;qøgkat;sgÁmmkminyUrb:unµan kalebImkCYbCuMKñaeRcIn²
»kasnwgekIterOg minKYrKb,IedayesckþIeRTIsXñg l,gxusRtUv k¾ekIteLIg)an
edaygay dUcCa karRbvayRbtb;Kña bbYlKñaesBeRKOgejon bRBa©kfñaM naMeTAeFVIemaH
minKb,IpøÚvePT )a:m:ak;cg;[kUnsÁal; FmµCatirbs;mnusSv½yenH kUnnwg)anRbugeRbob
xøÜnkñúgerOgenHTuk} .
3¦ suvtßiPaBmantic GacFøak;kxø;xÜnø CaCnrgeRKaHrbs;
CaCnrgeRKaHrbsmi;mci äaCIvI)anedaygay
anedaygay
GñkCa«BukGFib,ayteTAeTotfa
erOgenH )a:nigma:k;ÉgRBYy)armÖNas; eRBaHxøackUnTTYlrgeRKaHfñak; GñkEdl
eTAedIrelgyb; eRcInEtRKb;RKgxøÜnÉgmin)an karRsvwggl;kMBugEtecjbJT§I )a:nigma:k;
ÉgxøackUnTTYlrgrbYs xøacERkgkUnTTYlrg]bTÞvehtuGMBICemøaHTas;ETgKña xøac
briyakasGUsTajkUnPøaMgPøat;eTAsakl,geRKOgejon ehIyRtUvb:Uliscab;xøÜn xøac
ERkgkUnRtUveKbRBa©kfñaM ehIyRtUveKnaMykeTAlk;xøÜn xøacERkgkUnnwgqøgCm¶WeGds_ RtUv
Gs;GnaKt ehIymk)at;bg;CIvitmunv½ysmKYr .
«BukmþayxøacGVI² CaeRcIn eRBaHkUnKWCadYgCIvitrbs;
rbs«Bu
;«Bukmþay kEnøgenaHminman
suvtßiPaBsRmab;kUneLIy b:uEnþebIkUncg;eTAxøaMg BukEm:GgVr[kUnpøas;eTAeFVIGVIepSg Edl
manRbeyaCn_nwgsgÁmeRcInCag eRBaHTegVIenaHminCaGVIEdlKYr[Gam:as; ehIykUnnwg
køayCa KMrUl¥dl;GñkdéTeTotpg BuMenaHeTbbYlBYkma:kEdl mankiriyabJkBakerobry
166
eTACamYyKña kUnnwgecHeFVIkargarCaRkumrYmCamYynwgGñkmanehtumanpl RKb;RKgKMnit
BaküsMdI nig TegVIrbs;xøÜnÉg)an ehIybTBiesaFn_TaMgenH nwgkøayCaemeronbEnßm[
kUnrs;enAkñúgBiPBelakd¾FMTUlayenH )anedayemaTnPaBRbesIrCageTAelg)areTA
eTot} .
enAeBl«BukmþayebIkebHdUgniyaynwgkUnedayesckþIRsLaj; nig ehtupl
EbbenH eFVI[kUnyl;dl;esckþIRsLaj; esckþIRBYy)armÖrbs;«BukmþayEdlman
cMeBaHxøÜnÉgy:ageRcInrab;minGs; ehIyk¾CacMNuccab;epþImEdleFVI[kUnecHKit ecH
RbedAxøÜnÉg ecHTb;citþxøÜnÉg ecHeRCIserIsesBKb;mnusS kat;pþac;crnþénkaresBKb;
)abmitþ edIrecjBIpøÚvG)aymux EbreTACaGñksµ½RKcitþeFVIRbeyaCn_[sgÁmRBmTaMg
klüaNmitþhñwgÉg .
RbsinebIRKYsarNakMBugekItbBaðaEbbenH Kb,Isakl,geRbIviFIsaRsþniyayKña
edayehtupl mineRbIGarmµN_ekþAdUcpÞHenHemIl_ eRBaHlMBaMgEtesckþIRsLaj;Edl
«BukmþaymancMeBaHkUnenaH enAminTan;RKb;RKan;eT RtUvRbkbedayehtupl nig
esckþIeyaKyl;EdlmancMeBaHKñapg »kasEdlnwgsþarvibtþiGnaKtrbs;kUneLIgvij
nwgmankþIsgÇwmseRmc »kasEdlRKYsarRtLb;mkmansuPmgÁlvijk¾ebIkTUlayenH
KWCa viFankaredaHRsaybBaðaRKYsaredayesckþIRsLaj; nig ehtupl EdlFøab;)an
TTYllT§plmkehIy .
matabitaEdlRBYy)armÖGMBIkUn ehIymindwgCanwgbgáar b¤ edaHRsayy:agNa
sUmENnaMfa [eFVIeTAtamEdldUntaeRbonRbedAmkcuH eCOfa minyUrminqab; kUnnwg
yl;tYnaTIrbs;kUn matabitanwgyl;tYnaTIrbs;xøÜnÉg RKYsarnwgekItsuxdumrmna
matabitak¾)ankUnKMrU kUnk¾)anmatabitaKMrUTukRkabsMBHluHGvsanénCIvit

167
168
 PaKTI 4 karedaHRsaybBaðaG)aymux

sVamImanRsI nig ejonRsa

buBVehtuEdleFVI[RKYsarrlMrlayeTA)aneRcInbMputman 2 erOg
FM² KW
1¦ sVamImanRsI
2¦ sVamIejonRsa
etIeFVIdUcemþceTIbedaHRsaybBaðaenH)an?
sMNYrenHeqøIy)anedaygay tamkarsikSaRsavRCav)anCYbcemøIyrbs;
RBHefr³ 1 rUb EdlbeBa©jTsSn³GMBIkaredaHRsaybBaðaenHy:agenH
169
kareRCIserIsKUCIvit
RBHefr³)anpþl;Gnusasn_fa Tak;TgnwgkareRCIserIsKURskrenH caM)ac;RtUvEt
bkeTAsmøwgemIlKURKgEdlmanbBaðaCaeRcInKUCamunsin ehIyk¾nwgeXIjsckþIsegát
fa enAmuneBlerobkar TaMgPaKIburs TaMgPaKIRsþIyl;fa xøÜn)anmnusSl¥smrmü
nwgxøÜnÉgCaTIbMputmkrYmCaCIvitKU nwkRsemIRsémfa ebIerobkarenACamYyKñaehIy
CIvitnwgmansuPmgÁl ebIman]bsKÁGVI k¾shkarKñaBuHBarluHRtaEtdl;TIbMput mine)aH
bg;ecalKña b:uEnþRKan;Etrs;enACamYyKñayUr² eTA regIkePøIgénkarERkgcitþKñak¾susGs;
enAeBlenaH mñak;²k¾beBa©jFatuBitrbs;xøÜn[eXIjCak;Esþg ebIFatuBitrbs;GñkTaMgBIr
l¥RKb;RKan; k¾køayCaKURKgEdlGacRTRTg;CIvitRKYsareTAdl;eRtIysuPmgÁl)an eRBaH
GMeBIl¥rbs;GñkTaMgBIrCaeKalFana b:uEnþebIFatuBitminl¥RKb;RKan;eT bBaðaCIviterobkar
k¾pusecjmkedayminls;éf¶ manerOgb:HTgÁicKñaminRsak TIbMputCIvitRKYsar EdlFøab;
KitfamanesckþIsuxk¾)ak;EbkGs; .
ehtudUecñaH munnwgerIsykGñkNamñak;mkCaKUCIvit RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;eTIb
RbTaneKalkarBicarNaerIsKURKgEdlsmKña edayeFobpÞwm KuNsm,tþirbs;GñkTaMg
BIrdUcteTAenH
1¦ manCMenOerOgkmµlixitesµIKña
2¦ mansIlesµIKña
3¦ mannisS½ycUlcitþCYyGñkdéTesµIKña
4¦ manbBaØaGarkat;
Garkatl¥;lG¥ aRkk;
aRkkesµ
;esµIKña
eRBaHTaMg 4 cMNucenH CaeRKOgkMNt;eKaledArbs;CIvit nig nisS½yrbs;Gñk
TaMgBIrfa cUlKñacuH b¤mincuH .
b:uEnþeTaHCay:agNak¾eday karEdlGñkNamñak; rkSaGMeBIl¥rbs;xøÜneTArhUt)an
minEmnCaerOggayeLIy eyIgeRcInEtCYbRbTHfa kalebIGñkEdlerobkarCamYyKña
ehIy dMbUgfa )anemIll¥ehIy erIsl¥ehIy b:uEnþyUr² eTA GñkerIskøayCamnusSy:ab;

170
CagerobkardMbUgeTAeTot ebIGñkNaCYbRbTHkrNIEbbenH sUmR)ab;fa RtUvEteFVIcitþ
eRBaHviFIl¥bMput KW kuMerobkareLIy eRBaHRtUvmkcaMbRmIkUn caMbeRmIbþI caMbeRmIRbBn§
rhUtmYyCIvit ehIyk¾bgákmµeBorevanwgKñaCaeRcInmkkan;sIlceRmInPavnamñak;ÉgdUc
y:agRBHsgÇRbesIrCag .
karedaHRsaybBaðasVamImanRsI
tamkarsikSaRsavRCaveFVI[man»kas)anGanesovePA {RBHetCKu RBHetCKuNeqøIy
sMNYr} ehIyk¾)anCYbcemøIyEdlminKYr[eCOfa RBHetCKuN)aneqøIyerOgbBaðaRKYsar
)anl¥EmnETn RKYsarNaEdlkMBugRbQmmuxnwgbBaðasVamIkMBUlxUc nig bBaðasVamI
ejonRsa GacnaMeKalKMnitGMBIRBHetCKuNeTAeRbICameFüa)ayedaHRsay)an eday
GFib,aydUcteTAenH
mUlehtuEdleFVI[sVamImanRsI man 2 Rbkar
1¦ manRsIeRBaHPriyaex©aHcMeBaHtYnaTI
cMeBaHkrNIenH CaerOgEdlempÞHKb,IEklm¥xøÜnÉg edayBüayamEsVgrk
cMNucxVHcenøaHrbs;xøÜnÉg[eXIj ehIyRtUvTTYlsÁal;faxøÜnCay:agenaHÉgEdlCa
erOgragdUcCaBi)ak .
karravrkcMNucGsuRkitPaBrbs;xøÜnÉg dMbUgRtUveFVIcitþ[s¶b;sin Edlminman
viFINaRbesIrCagkarGgÁúysmaFiCaRbcaMral;yb; BIeRBaHmnusSeyIgenAeBlebIkEPñk
mkeRcInEteXIjGsuRkitPaBrbs;GñkdéT kMhusrbs;GñkdéT sUm,ItUctack¾emIl
eTAdUcCaFMdMsem,Im ÉkMhusxøÜnÉgsUm,IF¶n;F¶rmanTm¶n;F¶n;CagPñMk¾enAEtemIlmineXIj
b:uEnþenAeBlbiTEPñkGgÁúysmaFi mineXIjGñkNaepSgeRkAEtBIxøÜnÉgenAkñúglMnwk
cMNucxVHxatrbs;xøÜnk¾GENþteFøaeLIg mk[eXIjkan;Etmancitþs¶b;b:unNa k¾kan;Et
eXIjcMNucxVHxateRcInb:uneNaH .
mnusSeyIgsUm[EtemIleXIjkMhusxusqÁgrbs;xøÜnÉgcuH viFIedaHRsayR)akd
Caman b:uEnþmanbMrammYysRmab;PriyaEdlmansVamImanRsIepSg KW hameTArkRKUesñh_
171
nig hameFVIGVIF¶n;F¶rCakarRbeCaHRbesakCadac;xat BIeRBaHkaeFVIEbbenaH minEmn
CakaredaHRsaybBaðaeT pÞúyeTAvijCakarbegáInbBaðaminecHcb; .
eRkABIenH enAmanviFImYyeTotCaviFIbnÞab;bnSM KW [eTARbwkSacas;TuMEdl
CaGñkmansIlFm’ nig CaGñkmaneCaKC½ykñúgkarenARKb;RKgpÞH k¾nwg)aneKalKMnit nig
viFIedaHRsaybBaða EdlRbkbedaysIlFm’mkEklm¥xøÜn nigRKYsar[RbesIreLIg .
2¦ manRsIeRBaHnisS½y
cMeBaHkrNIenH Bi)akEkbnþic RtUvEtGt;Fn; KitfaCakmµrbs;eyIgEdlmiinecH
emIlmnusSeTAerIsmnusSEbbenHmkeFVICasVamI sUm[eyIgtaMgcitþeFVImuxgarCaPriya
empÞH[l¥ min[xVHcenøaH eFVI[pÞHRtCak;RtCuM KW minykerOgekþARkhaycUlmkkñúgpÞH
mineCrbeBa©asVamI[Gam:as;muxGak;Gn;citþ .
ebImanehtukarN_GaRkk;GVIekIteLIg k¾edaHRsayehtukarN_cMeBaHmuxenaHeTA
rIÉkarEknisS½yemRKYsarkMBUlxUc RtUvEteRbIeBlevla KW BüayameFVIGMeBIl¥[eRcIn
Tal;EteKERkgcitþ TIbMput eKk¾Qb;manRsIeTAedayÉkÉg TRmaMnwgdl;eBlevlaenaH
Gayurbs;GñkTaMgBIrk¾knøgeTArab;sibqñaM eFVI)anEtb:ueNÑHÉg .

karedaHRsaybBaðasVamIRbmwk
kñúgkrNIEdlPriyamansVamIRbmwk manbBaðatammkCaeRcIneTot KW bBaðakUn
rwgrUs Bi)akRbedA ehIyempÞHnwgedaHRsaybBaðaenHy:agNa?
sRmab;RbFanbTenH RBHetCKuN)anpþl;Gnusasn_fa
krNIEdlPriya)ansVamIejonRsa RtUvEtGt;Fµt; nig yl;dl;mUlehtuEdl
eyIg)ansVamIejonRsamkedaysareyIgeføaHeFøayxøÜnÉg .
RBHsgÇbeRgonehIybeRgoneTotfa [enAmñak;ÉgcuHsb,ayCag minRBmeCO
rwgTTwgeTAmansVamITal;Et)an .
eBlmansVamI k¾minecHemIlmnusS eTAerIsykmnusSRbmwkmkenACamYy cat;
CakMhuspÞÜn .
172
 bBaðaEdlekIteLIgtammkeTot KW )ankUnrwgrUs eRBaHemBum< KW «BukpwkRsa
GIcwgeT )ankUnqøatmkBINa? kalebI«BukrwgrnigrnaMgxµaMgmil GñkNahamR)am
k¾mineCOsþab; Tal;EtCaGñkRbmwkRbcaMtMbn;EbbenH kUnk¾minhYsBIenHEdr RtUvEtrwgrUs
dUc«BukmþayGIcwgÉg .
GñkEdlqøatQøasév enAeBlPøaMgPøat;ehIy eKk¾Rbjab;bgðat;beRgonkUntaMg
BIkUnenAtUcRkUcqµarmkbeRgoneTAGbGgeTACaerOy² taMgEtBIcab;dwgkþIeRBaHdwgCamun
fa «BukCaKMrUl¥[kUnmin)aneT dwgxøÜny:agenHehIy luHdl;eBlevlakUnrwgrUsEbbNa
mþayk¾Gacham)an b:uEnþebIbeNþay[rwgTTwgTal;EtFM muxCanwgBi)akRbedA .
CIvitkarRKb;RKgpÞHminEmnCaerOggayRsYleT ebIxustaMgBIedIméd k¾nwgCYb
RbTHbBaðarhUtmYyCIvit suPaBRsþINaEdlenAlIv cUrcaMfa Rbus²EdlminmanRsIepSg
KµaneTkñúgelak RbusmiinmanRsI minpwkRsaBi)akrkNas; eRBaHehtuenaH enAlIvrhUt
cuHRbesIrCag .
ebIGFib,aytamkmµlixit RtUvniyayfa karEdl)anKUCIvitRbmwkenaH eRBaHkal
BICatimun xøÜnÉgFøab;GnuemaTnayk)abTuk KW eXIjeKpwkRsa k¾minRBmhamR)am Ebr
CaeTArksac;EkømRsaq¶aj;² mkbMb:neTAeTot esµInwgelIksÞÜyeK[pwkRsa )abeTIbhuc
plmk[ CatienH eTIbmks‘URTaMrs;enACamYynwgmnusSRbmwk RsYlminRsYleBl
RsLaj;KñadMbUg² eBleKpwkRsa RbEhlCaeTArksac;EkømmkbeRmIeKeTot eRBaHehtu
enaH minEmnCakmµcas;eT kmµfµIkñúgbc©úb,nñCatienHÉgTaMgGs; .
ÉkUnEdlEdlqøat Bi)akRbedA eKk¾ekItmkCamYynwgeyIg GñkEdlmankmµ
esµIKñaeRcInEtmkekItCa«Buk-mþay-kUnCamYyKña ehAfa kmµCaeRKOgEbgEckBUCBgS .
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;Rtas;fa stVTaMgLaymankmµCarbs;xøÜn CaTayaTénkmµ
mankmµCakMeNIt mankmµCaepABgS mankmµCaTIBwgGaRs½y kmµEtgEckstV[Gn; nig
RbNIt)an .
eRBaHehtuenaH ebIcg;)ankUnl¥ RtUvEterIsKURKg[)anl¥ ehIyKURKgl¥ KW
GñkmansIl 5 hñwgÉg .
173
 b:uEnþmanbMrammYysRmab;PriyaEdlmansVamImanRsI
epSgKWhameTArkRKUesñh_nighameFVIGVIF¶n;F¶rCakar
RbeCaHRbesakCadac;xatBIeRBaHkaeFVIEbbenaHminEmn
CakaredaHRsaybBaðaeT pÞúyeTAvijCakarbegáInbBaða
minecHcb;

sYrfaetIeFVIdUcemþceTIbsVamIlHbg;
HbgRsa)
;Rsa
Rsa)an ?
RBHetCKuNeqøIynwgsMNYrenHRtg;² fa erOgenHBi)akNas; b:uEnþkuM[eyIgePøc
xøÜneTA eRkbRsaCamYynwgeKeTA)anehIy eyIgsURtmnþceRmInPavnaeTA[kan;EteRcIn
RKan;EteKCitsøab; eKk¾lHbg;)anedayxøÜnÉg eyIgk¾]sSah_cUlvtþcUlv:a eKsuxcitþ
[eyIgmkvtþk¾RbéBehIy Rby½tñkuMeTArjauMrjÚ:veeBk ticelaeKmin[mkvtþeTot RtUv
kNþab;édQWxøÜnTeT² eBlenHenAmkvtþ)an k¾]sSah_mkCaerOy² man»kaseFVIbuNü
Tan k¾rUtrHeFVIeTA kUncecsk¾rkmeFüa)aynaMkUnmkvtþ[)an [kUnsÁal;vtþ sÁal;RBH
sgÇtaMgBItUcRkUcqµar ebIbeNþay[eRTIsehIy RbEhlCaminRBmeCOsþab;eT ebIenA

174
ekµgRKan;Bt;)an cab;[sURtmnþ GgÁúysmaFiCamYynwgeyIg Gb;rMkUn[l¥ Gb;rMxøÜnÉg
[l¥ RbElg«BukRbmwkecalsineTA eFVIem:ck¾eyIgerIsmnusSEbbenHmkxøÜnÉg .
RbiymiRtGñkGanNaGanehIy Kitfa RBHetCKuNeqøIysMNYrRtUvnwgCIvitBit
ehIy nwkrMCYlcitþ sUmGP½yeTaspg karEdlerIsmkdMNalR)ab;enH eRBaHcg;[
eXIjTsSn³tamsPaBBitrbs;sgÁmnigCIvit GñkEdlminTan;erobkarnwg)anKitkaj;
y:agmansti Kitkaj;edayRbugRby½tñ minbeBaäatxøÜnÉgfa eKl¥y:agenH l¥y:agenaH
ehIyk¾naMmnusSRbmwkmksagbBaðakñúgpÞH cMENkxagGñkEdlkMBugRbQmmuxnwgbBaða
enH nwgciBa©wmkUn[)anl¥ kuM[eTARsUbyknisS½yRbmwkBImnusSRbmwkkñúgpÞHxøÜn Égsl;
BIenaH KW xMxaMmat;sgát;citþ nig hat;Bt;lt;dMcitþ ehIyxHxMeFVIbuNü eKcmuxmnusS
RbmwkeGIy .

175
176
 PaKTI 4 karedaHRsaybBaðaG)aymux

Rtdk;RtsMuedIm,IG)aymux

kemøaHRkmuMCaeRcInnak; Edleroncb;ehIy enAeBlcUleFVIkargar

dMbUg k¾mñImñaeFVIkargaredayeBjTMhwg manvIriyPaBCaxøaMg éf¶xøHeFVIkar
hYsem:agk¾suxcitþEdr sUm[Et)anéføQñÜlx<s;enAeBldac;Ex b:uEnþenA
eBleFVIkargarknøgeTA)anCaeRcInqñaM lT§pleXIjfa CMnYs[)anluy
kak;eRcIneLIgCagmun RtLb;CamanbMNulbuløika cMBak;cMBinruMekaHkøay
CaBs;)ak;reTHmuCmineRCAeTAmiinqøay fVIebIxøÜneFVIkarF¶n;k¾eday ehIyk¾
mannisS½ycUlcitþbg;Bn§darCamYymiRtP½kþiCaerogral;ExeTotpg .

177
 mnusSCaeRcInEdlFøab;eXIjmiRtxøÜnÉgRbQmmuxnwgbBaðabMNulEbbenH k¾man
KMnitKitrkmeFüa)ayCYyrMedaHmiRt[rYcputBIbMNulbuløikaEdr b:uEnþmindwgCaniyay
y:agem:c eRBaHluyCarbs;eK eTaHcayvayGIV eyIgKµansiT§ilUklan;eT b:uEnþebI
beNþayTukyUreTA eKmuxCasøab;eRBaHbMNulminxan ehIyk¾minGacFn;RTaMemIlmiRt
køayCamnusSdYlTaMgQrkñúgéf¶ GnaKt)aneT .
esµr´ k¾Føab;CYbnwgbBaðaTj;Tal;sMdIdas;etOnrbs;miRtEdr eTIbEbreTAebIk
emIlkMNt; ehtuBaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHefr³mYyrUbEdlFøab;beRgonerOgmUmUlehtu
EdleFVI[mnusSerayravcakRTBüsm
SerayravcakRTBüsm,
ravcakRTBüsm,tþi ehIyeRkayBI)anGankMNt;ehtuBaküeRbon
RbedArbs;elakehIy k¾dwgfa nwgrkehtupleTAdas;etOneKEbbNa sUmelIkyk
xøwmsarkñúgkMNt;ehtuFm’enaHmkdak;kñúgesovePAenHdUcteTAenH

RBHefr³dMNalfa {kalBIsm½yenACakemøaHminTan;bYs GayuCitsabsib

Føab;CYbbBaðabMNulxøÜnÉgEdr edaHRsayxøÜnÉgminecjeT [ejamRsImkCYyedaH
ehIyk¾edaH)anseRmc .
kalBIsamsibqñaM)aøyknøgmk munbYsGatµamancMNUlmYyExCagmYymWun)aT
sm½yenaH témøluyéfø luymYymWunsm½ymun esµInwgluyknøHEsnsm½yenH luyEdl
rk)anGatµacayEtmñak;Ég b:uEnþcayminRKan;pg .
éf¶mYy ejamRsIehAeTAniyayBIerOgkarcayluy Kat;R)ab;fa {kUneGIy ¡
cMNUl )anb:unµanminsMxan;eT sMxan;Rtg;fasl;)anb:unµan }.
Gatµak¾RbEkkfa {BueT§aEm: ¡ )aneRcInsl;eRcIn )anticsl;tic }
ejamRsIk¾eqøIybkvijfa {kUneGIy ¡ kñúgelakenH manmnusSCaeRcIn)an
cMNUleRcIn bu:EnþenAsl;)antic b¤ \tsl;esaH b:uEnþGñkxøHeTot eKrk)antic b:uEnþ
eKsl;eRcIn }.

178
 {kUneGIy¡)aneRcInehIysl;ticeRbobdUcCaykkERBa©geTA
dgTwk enAeBlkERBa©genAkñúgTwk Twkk¾eBjkERBa©gb:uEnþ
RKan;EtelIkeLIgmkRtLb;CaenAsl;EtkERBa©gTeTTwkmin
sl;eLIy }

rYcehIy ejamRsIk¾rMKayesckþIfa {kUneGIy¡ )aneRcInehIysl;tic eRbobdUc

CaykkERBa©geTAdgTwk enAeBlkERBa©genAkñúgTwk Twkk¾eBjkERBa©g b:uEnþRKan;EtelIk
eLIgmkRtLb;CaenAsl;EtkERBa©gTeT Twkminsl;eLIy } .
{É)aneRcInsl;ticenaH eRbobdUcCaykrladUg b¤ pþil b¤ søabRBatUc² b:uEnþmin
FøúHminFøay ykeTAdgTwk kalenAkñúgTwk Twkk¾eBjrla eBjpþil eBjRsabRBa
b:uEnþluHelIkeLIg mkehIy Twkk¾enAEteBjdEdl .
GñkEdl)ancMNUleRcIn b:uEnþenApwkRsa enHCarn§Føay 1 .
Elgebo EdlCaerOgminKYrelg enHCarn§Føay 1 .
eTAedIrelghac;ehIr eTAcUl)ar cUlkøwb eTAedIrkMsanþRtg;kEnøgminsmKYr k¾Ca
rn§Føay 1 eTot .
niyayrYm rn§Føay KW G)aymux hñwgÉg .
179
 eyIgnaMKñaeronerOgG)aymuxmkCaeRcIn b:uEnþminEdlykeTAGnuvtþ RKan;Et
xøÜnÉgekþARkhay k¾eTAbenÞassgÁm GagEbbenHminecHcb;eT .
GatµaRtUvejamRsIbenÞasCaxøaMgenAéf¶enaH taMgBIéf¶enaHmk k¾cab;epþImj:úkrn§
Føay enAsl;luymYyEx 5-6 Ban;)aT xN³EdlmuneBlenaHcayminRKan; }
RBHetCKuNdMNaleTotfa {eBlcUlvtþdMbUg eRBaHmiRtP½kþibbYleTAGgÁúy
smaFi kMLúgeBlEdleTAvtþdMbUg² manerOgb:HTgÁicKñaCamYyecAhVayEdr rYcehIy
éf¶enaH eBleTAvtþdMbUg yb;muneTA k¾TrRsay:agcas;éd RKan;Etdl;eBlRBwk
sVagmuxsVagmat;bnþic EtenAgul² Edr luHeTAdl;vtþ ekøIRmak;bbYleTAeFVIbuNüpáa}
ekøIenaHniyaynwgGatµafa
{bgRbus ¡ eyIgnaMKñaeFVIbuNüpáa ERkgelabuNüCYy[kargarceRmInlUtlas;}
t,itevlaenaH enAmanerOgvwkvrkñúgcitþ KW vwkvrnwgecAhVaynay pÁÜbpSMnwg
karminTan;sVagRsaenAeLIy k¾eqøIyR)ab;ekøIenaHfa
{eCIH¡ buNüminEdleXIjCYyGIpg bgk¾eFVIbuNüCaRbcaMEdr b:uEnþenAEtmanerOg
CamYynwgecAhVaynay buNüCYyGIbgmin)aneT} .
tmk elakyayKat;k¾dwgerOgenH k¾ehAGatµaeTAetOnrMlwkfa {ecAeGIy¡
ecAR)ab;fa buNüCYyGVIecAmin)an EmneT ? cuHmYyqñaM ecAeFVIbuNüGs;bun: µan? } .
sm½yenaH eTaHbICapwkRsa b:uEnþmYyEx² k¾eFVIbuNü100-200)aTCaRbcaMEdr
Gatµa k¾eqøIyR)ab;elakyayfa {´eFVIbuNümYyEx 100-200)aT mYyqñaMyk 12
KuNeTA k¾¾RbEhlCa 2000-2500)aT} .
elakyayk¾elIkédRbNmüeLIg TaMgeBalfa {saF saFu
saF RbéBNas; cUrtaMg
citþeFVIteTAeTot} nwksµanfaerOgcb;Rtwmb:unhñwg b:uEnþminTan;cb;elakyaysYrteTA
eTotfa
{ecACk;)arIeT?}
{)aT¡ Ck;Edr}
{éfø)arImYyqñaMb:unµan?}
180
 sm½yenaH GatµaCk;)arI 1 kBa©b; 6 )aT Ck;)arIém¶RbEhlCa 1 kBa©b;knøH dl;
2 kBa©b; xøÜnÉgCk;RbEhlknøHkBa©b; eRkABIenaHEckBYkm:ak eTIbém¶ 2 kBa©b; dUecñH
éfø)arIém¶y:agehacNas; k¾ 10 )aTEdr luHKNnaehIy elakyayk¾eqøIyfa mYyqñaM
RbEhlCa 3000-4000 )aT } .
elakyaysYreTotfa {cuHecApwkRsaeT ?}
{)aT¡ pwkEdr}
{cuHéføRsaEdlpwkCamYyBYkm:ak mYyqñaMb:unµan ?}
RKan;EtelakyaysYrsMNYrenH Gatµak¾eGHGujtujTal; b:uEnþk¾eqøIyR)ab;elak
yayfa {yk 2 yk 3 eTAKuNéfø)arIeTA m³qñaMy:agehacNas; k¾12000)aTEdr} .
elakyaysYrteTAeTot fa { cuHecAeTAedIrelgkøwbnwgeKeT?}
{)aT¡ eTAEdr}
{mYyqñaMGs;bu:nµan?}
{yk 2 yk 3 KuNéføRsaeTA yay¡}
eBlmunbYs mYyqñaM²Gs;éføG)aymuxCitdl;xÞg;Esn
elakyayk¾srub[fa {ecAeFVIbuNümYyqñaM 2000-2500)aT b:uEnþecAsag)ab
mYyqñaMxÞg;Esn ecAmanmuxÉNamkniyayfa buNüCYyGImin)an ebIgab;\LÚvenH
ecAminFøak;nrk cat;TukfasMNagl¥ehIy mkrG‘UrkGVI ecA)anbriBaØab½RtTaMgkñúgRbeTs
TaMgeRkARbeTs RKan;EterOgb:unhñwgk¾KitmiinecjEdr } .
{RKan;Et)anlWBaküdas;etOnrbs;elakyayEdlb:HTÞb;citþy:agdMNMEbbenaH
Gatµa k¾sVagRsvwg GgÁúyRcgUv PaMgRcgaMgmYyRsbk; } .
RBHefr³R)ab;fa {cMNucenHÉg KWCa cMNuccab;epþImEdlbNþal[GatµalHbg;
Rsa)an elakyayniyayminb:unµanma:t;pg b:uEnþsMdIb:uneNHrbs;Kat; Caehtu enAeBl
mkdl;pÞH Gatµak¾e)akdbRsaecalTaMgGs; cab;taMgBIeBlenaHmk minx©Icab;dbRsa
eToteLIy {.

181
 RKan;EtlHbg;Rsa)an k¾bbYlmitP½RklHbg;RsaEdr ehIyBüayampþl;mti
eyabl;dl;Gñkral;KñaEdl)anCYbfa luHdl;éf¶xYbkMeNIt CMnYsnwgnwkKitdl;éføTwk
edaHmþay b:uEnþKµanesaH EbrCaeTAnwkdl;RsaÉeNaHvij éf¶xYbkMeNIt eyIgKYrEt
eTARkabsMBHGrRBHKuNmþay Edlpþl;kMeNItmk[eyIg RbesIrCagykluyeTA)a:v
RsaBYkm:ak .
G)aymux ebIminRbjab;e)aHbg;ecaleT k¾køayeTACaTmøab;GaRkk;rbs;sgÁm
EdleFVI[eyIgcMBak;bMNuleKmkCaerOy² EfmTaMgmanBYkm:akGaRkk;eRcIneTot .
b:uEnþRbsinebIeyIglHbg;Rsa lHbg;)arI lHbg;El,gsIusg lHbg;eqñatsIusg
lHbg;knÞúyelxelIeRkam lHbg;GVI² TaMgGs;enH)an mitþEdlGaRkk;k¾Gs;eTAÉg
»nPaBxagsgÁmk¾rls;fyexSaycuH ehIyeyIgk¾manEtkNüaNmitþbu:eNÑaH TaMg
luykak; k¾enAsl;eTotpg .
RBHetCKuN)anR)ab;eTotfa {eRBaHGatµaBicarNamky:agenH eTIbmin[Gñk
NamktµHetHedoleRcIneT kat;citþdac;xatlHbg;Rsa lHbg;)arI ehIyedIrcUlvtþsikSa
Fm’ya:gmWugm:at; min)ac;mkls;-Elg-lHGI[xateBlevlaeLIy kat;citþdac;xatenA
éf¶enaHÉg } .
ebImin)anGñkmþay nig elakyaypþl;eKalKMnit[ ebImineKarBtamGñkmþay
nig elakyayc,as;CaKµanpøÚvrkcemøIy[eyIg)aneTenAéf¶enH sakRtLb;eTAsYrBYk
m:akeyIgemIl_fa karEdlmiRtcMBak;bMNulbuløikaruMekaHenH eRBaHbg;éføG)aymux eRcIn
CagéføR)ak;ExEmneT ? GatµaepJIsMNYrenHeTAsYreKpg } .
tamcemøIyEdl)anmkBIkMNt;ehtuBaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHefr³rUbenaH
eFVI[eyIgKit)anfa GñkNak¾eday[Et]TÞisCIvit eFVIkargarF¶n; edIm,Iykluy eTAepþk
pþÜlnwgG)aymux k¾esµInwgykluyeTATijesckþIvinasmk[CIvit nig tYnaTIkargar
rbs;xøÜnÉg BitR)akdNas; minyUrminqab; eKmuxCadYllg;RTens eRBaHG)aymux
y:agBit\tel¥og GñkNak¾minGacCYyRsg; RsgGñ;Gkñ EdlQøkenAkñ
;enAkñúgG)
G)aymux)aneT eRkAEt
BIxøÜneKkat;
eKkatci;cti þlHbg;
HbgG; )aymuxenaHedayxøÜnÉgb:
Égbue: NÑaH .
182
183
 PaKTI 4 karedaHRsaybBaðaG)aymux

eTArkRsIlk;xøÜnxusRtg;Na

sBVéf¶enH sßitiGñkqøgemeraKeGds_ekIneLIg mUlehtumüa:g

EdleFVI[sßitieGds_x<s;eLIg KW RbuskemøaHPaKeRcInyl;eXIjfa kar
eTArkRsIxøÜnminKYrCakarxussIlFm’eT eRBaHmin)ank,t;citþ RsINaTaMg
RsIenaHk¾sµ½RKcitþeTotpg GVIEdlRbus² yl;xus KW kareTAelgRsIxUc
xusRtg;Na ?
184
 tamBaküeRbonRbedAkñúgRBHBuT§sasnacg¥úlbgðajy:agc,as;fa karkat;kþIerOg
Rtac;crrkRsIeBsüaca xus b¤ minxus min)ankat;kþIedayerOgsIleT b:uEnþkat;kþIeday
bTdæanrbs; G)aymux CaeKalkarN_
G)ay ERbfa {esckþIGab; ab»n;»n esckþIvinas nigGVIEdlR)
dlR)ascakesckþIceRmIn}
mux ERbfa {eqam/
eqam/mat;
mat/; pøÚv/Knøg}
eRBaHehtuenaHGG)aymux KW KnøgénesckþIGab; ab»n
;»n esckþIliclg;
lgesckþ
;esckþIhinehac
ebIRbuskemøaHNa eTaHCaenAlIv b¤ manKURKgehIyk¾eday edIrelIKnøgenH KW
eTATak;TinnwgRsIesaePNIkRmitNak¾eday k¾esµInwgTajykeqammuxénesckþIGab;»n
esckþILúgcug esckþIhinehacmkdak;xøÜn cab;BIeBlenHteTA eTaHCaeFVIGVIk¾eday
Gñkkenøotk¾Gt;nwgsgS½yeTAkñúgpøÚvminl¥min)an KW
erOgTI 1 sgS½yfa Cab;eGds_eT? GñkNa²k¾dwgEdrfa GñkEdleTArkRsIxUcmin
faeBlNaeT kameraK eraKeGds_ sYrrkrhUthñwg GñkNarwgk,alenAEteTAeTot k¾edk
xøaceTAcuHfa eh ÉgekIteGds_Gt;eTeno¡ .
erOgTI 2 mnusSl¥nwgemIlfa RbusenaHkMBugemIlgayePTmþayrbs;xøÜnÉg .
erOgTI 3 RbusenaHkMBugbNþúHnisS½yminl¥dak;xøÜnÉg KW nisS½yemIlgay emIl
efakRsIePT luHdl;eBlmanPriya k¾yknisS½yminl¥EdlFøab;RbRBwtþCamYynwg
RsIesaePNIenaH mkeRbInwgPriyaxøÜn .
erOgTI 4 Cakarbgðinluyedayminsmehtu müa:geTot KW ykluyeTATij
esckþIvinas esckþIhinehac esckþIliclg;mkdak;xøÜnTeT² s‘Uykluy Edlcay
[RsIxUc eTA[GñkmþayeFVIbuNüRbesIrCag .
eRBaHehtuenaH RBHsgÇelakEtgEtmanBaküdas;etOnsµartIfa }ebIykluy
eTAbg;[RsIxUc sUm[nwkdl;edImRTUgmþay eRBaHTRmaMKat;ciBa©wmeyIgmkdl;FMbun: eNH
Kat;lM)akb:unNa \LÚvenH kUnecHrksIu)anedayxøÜnÉgehIy Kb,IepIJluyeTACUnKat;
185
 ebIykluyeTAcay[RsIxUc sUm[nwkdl;edImRTUgmþay
eRBaHTRmaMKat;ciBa©wmeyIgmkdl;FMb:uneNH Kat;lM)ak
b:unNa \LÚvenH kUnecHrksIu)anedayxøÜnÉgehIy
Kb,IepIJluyeTACUnKat;TukeFVIbuNüRKan;Caes,ogCab;tam
xøÜneTACatieRkayxøH

TukeFVIbuNü RKan;Caes,ogCab;tamxøÜneTACatieRkayxøH eRBaHGñkmþayxøHciBa©wmkUn

Tal;EtswgKµanluy KµaneBlevlaeTAeFVIbuNüsRmab;xøÜnÉgeLIy} .
tamBaküeBcn_EdlRBHsgÇdas;etOnsµartIenH ebIeyIgCYyKñaniyayCYyKña
Bnül; sgÇwmfa karcab;rMelaP RbRBwtþGnacar rMelaPehIysmøab; eRBaHehtuén
kamKuN k¾nwgCakarkat;bnßy RBmTaMgbBaðaesaePNI nig bBaðaeraK eGds_Edl
kMBugEtekIneLIg x<s;enAxN³enH k¾nwgvinasGnþrFanBIRbeTskm<uúCa nig BiPBelak
minxan ehIyRbCaCneyIg k¾)anbuNüGanisgSCaeRcIn .

186
187
 PaKTI 4 karedaHRsaybBaðaG)aymux

El,gsIusgminEdleXIjeFVI[nrNamYyman

muneBlsñÚrkEBa©lan;lWeLIgedIm,Icab;epþImRbkYtkILa)al;Tat;
mþg² R)ak;x©IeK R)ak;Ex R)ak;éføsala R)ak;éfønM nigR)ak;déT² eTot
rbs;GñkesñhakILaTaMgGs;KñaRtUvdak;eTAelItuPñal;)al;Tat;rYceTAehIy
enHKWCaehtukarN_Bit² EdlekIteLIgxageRkATIlan)al;Tat;Edlman
plb:HTgÁiceTAelIerOgRkBHrbs;RkumRKYsar .
manGñkecHdwgsµanehtukarN_fa karRbkYt)al;Tat;mþg² nwgman
R)ak;Pñal;cl½tkñúgRbeTseyIgrab;rylanduløarkñúgmYyéf¶² ebIKitCa
tYelxx<s;Nas;sRmab;RbeTs EdlminsþúksþmÖdUcy:agRbeTseyIg .
188
 tYelxR)ak;Edl)aneBalmkxagelIenH kñúgRkEsSEPñkrbs;m©as;tuPñal;)al;Tat;
c,as;CajjwmjEjmeBjcitþnwgcMNUlEdlBYkeKTTYl)an b:uEnþsRmab;mnusSEdl
rksuIedaysmµaGaCIeva cat;TukGMeBIenHfa CakarrksIuedayQamRtCak;bMput eRBaHrk
suICamYynwgmnusSEdlrlMrlaykñúgkarcayvayR)ak; .
mnusSeyIgenAeBlEdlcaj;Pñal;)al;Gs;BIxøÜnehIy CIvitk¾Tal;Rck EbrmuxeTA
rkm©as;tu)al;Tat;edIm,Ix©IR)ak; luHrkR)ak;mksgmin)an k¾RbRBwtþGMeBI]Rkidæ GMeBIBuk
rlYy GMeBIlk;xøÜnCaRsIeBsüaca edIm,IrkluymksgbMNuleK .
KMnitEdlnwgRbkbmuxrbrsmµaGaCIevarbs;eKk¾cab;epþImrlay)at;eTA ehIyk¾
liclg;kñúgrgVg;TwkkYcrbs;El,gPñal;EdlBi)aknwgdkxøÜnrYc eRBaHKitEtmüa:gfanig
cg;sþaredImTunmkvij .
eyIgTaMgGs;KñaKYrEtKitfa eyIgnwgCYymnusSEdledIrxuseTAehIydUcemþc ?
ehIycab;epþImRtg;NaeTIbl¥bMput .
kñúgkrNIenHman 4 dMNak;kal KW
1> xøÜnÉgminrvl;Tak;TinnwgEl,gsIusgCadac;xat
1> CYyKñacg¥úlR)ab;enAeTasrbs;El,gPñal;)al;[kUnecAsþab;edIm,IkarBarbuRt
FitakuM[CaTaskrénEl,gPñal; .
2> minsagbriyakasénEl,gPñal;NamYy TaMgenAkñúgpÞH TaMgkEnøgeFVIkar rW
sßab½nkarsikSa .
3> GFib,ayenAeTasénEl,gPñal;[mnusSEdlenACitxageXIjfa El,gPñal;
mineFVI[nrNamñak;man)anenaHeT .
ehtuGVI)anCamnusSEdlelgEl,gsuIsgeTIbKµannrNaFUrFarBitR)akd? eRBaH
mnusSEdlelgEl,gPñal;enaH)anbMpøajvtßúmantémøkñúgxøÜnGs;ehIy enaHKWPaBCa
mnusS maneRcIn b¤ ticGaRs½yeTAelIesckþIeTogRtg; enAeBlEdleyIgelgEl,gPñal;
karmanl,icklnwgekIteLigedaysV½yRbvtþi esckþIeTogRtg;sucritk¾rlay)at;Gs; .

189
 PaBCamnusSnwgmaneRcInb¤ ticGaRs½yeTAelI
esckþIeTogRtg;enAeBlEdleyIgelgEl,gPñal;
karmanl,icklnwgekIteLIg edaysV½yRbvtþi
esckþIeTogRtg;sucritk¾)at;bg;eTA

1> bMpøajPaBCamnusSrbs;xøÜnÉg
PaBCamnusSnwgmaneRcIn b¤ tic GaRs½yeTAelIesckþIeTogRtg; enAeBlEdl
eyIgelgEl,gPñal; karmanl,icklnwgekIteLIgedaysV½yRbvtþi esckþIeTogRtg;
sucritk¾)at;bg;eTA eRBaHenAeBlmanEl,gsuIsgekIteLIgRtg;kEnøgNaehIy GMeBI
qe)akk¾nwgekIteLIgRtg;kEnøgenaH ebIenAkñúgvg;El,g minTan;manGMeBIqe)akeT sUm[
yl;fa minEmnminqe)akenaHeT b:uEnþeRBaHminTan;man»kasbu:eNÑaH .
2> bMpøajbBaØa
GñkelgEl,genAeBlEdlluyGs;BIéd eKsMLwgemIlluydUcCaGaTieTBEdl
GacbNþalGVI² [eK)an eKePøceTAfa enAmanvtßúEdlluyTijmin)abCaeRcInya:geTot
RKan;EteK)anluymkehIy eRkABIeKdwgc,as;fa luyTaMgGs;enHRbEhlCaenACamYy
eKmin)anyUr Gacnigcaj;El,gGs;BIxøÜnenAeBlNamYymindwg eRBaHdUecñH munnwgcaj;
Gs;eTA eKRtUvRbjab;eRbIR)as;cayvay[Gs; munnwgvaFøak;eTAkñúgkNþab;édrbs;Gñk
déT vtßúmYycMnYnminKYreRbI k¾eRbI minKYrcayk¾cay køayCamnusSx¢Ix¢a x¢Hx¢ay minsÁal;
190
témørbs;luytamsPaBBit xN³enaH eKeXIjluydUcCasMNl;RkdasRKan;Etluy
Gs;eKk¾eRskXøanluyeTot køayeTACamnusSEdlRtUveRskXøanluyGs;mYyCati
bBaØaEdlmanEdlnwgeRbI[CaRbeyaCn_)an eKk¾ykeTAKitEtBIerOgevocevrGaRkk; .
3> bMpøajeBlevla
enAeBlGñkelgEl,gcab;epþImelgehIy eKnwgePøcGVI²RKb;ya:g sUm,IEteBl
evlaelg)an eKk¾ePøcEdr dl;eBlcaj;k¾nwgGHGagxøÜnrkpøÚvykmkvij[)an ebImin
)an k¾minRBmQb;b¤fa nwgQb;k¾RtUvcaM[luycaj;Gs;Camunsin dl;eBl)ank¾min
sÁal;BaküfaRKb; eBlevlaecHEtknøgeTACaerOy² xUckargarepSg²edaymindwgxøÜn .
4> bMpøajsuxPaB
enAeBlGñkelgEl,gcab;epþImelgehIy karGt;edkGt;BYnbNþal[Tl;
]c©ar³ bsSav³ karbriePaKGahark¾mineTogeBlevla TIbMput suxPaBk¾RTuDeRTam eraKa
BüaFik¾cUlebotebon.
segáteXIjfa El,gsuIsgbMpøajGVI²RKb;ya:g sUm,IEtPaBCamnusSk¾RtUvlub
lag eRBaHdl;)anluymk luyhñwgÉgminGacrkSaTuk[ekItCaRbeyaCn_yUr)aneLIy
GñkelgEl,geTIbminFUrFarBitR)akd KµanesßrPaBkñúgCIviteLIy .
eQµaHfa El,gsIusg eTaHCasßitkñúgrUbEbbNak¾eday suT§EtCaTItaMgén
esckþIvinas nig esckþIRbmaTTaMgGs; kuMelgl¥Cag .
eRBaHehtuenaH kñúgxN³EdlRkEs)al;Tat;kMBugEtPøÚkcUlmky:agxøaMgsBVéf¶
enH karCYykarBarmin[mnusSEdlenACitxøÜnFøak;eTACaTaskrénEl,gsIusg)anenaH
RtUvGaRs½ykic©shkarrbs;buKÁlRKb;Can;fñak; edaykarCYyKñaGFib,ayBnül;éneTas
rbs;El,gsIusg rMKay[TUlMTUlayecjBImYyeTABIr BIBIreTAbYny:agenHCaedIm
sUrsMeLgkEBa©biTkarRbkYt)al;Tat;B¤eLIgmþg² eyIgnwgCYyeRsacRsg;kUnecA
rbs;eyIg[rYcputBITaskrénEl,gsuIsgenH)anCaeRcIn.

191
192
 PaKTI 4 karedaHRsaybBaðaG)aymux

kUncg;[«BukQb;BisaRsa

RKYsarCaeRcIn RbEhlCaFøab;CYbRbTHBIbBaðaemRKYsarBisaRsa
RsvwgeqaeLaral;éf¶ RsvwgehIyk¾eCrGñkCitxagrkerOgeQøaHRbEkk
nwgmþay b¤ edjvaykUnrhUtdl;eKÉgCinxagq¥n;eBjTaMgRsukPUmi b:uEnþ
edaysarEtktBaØÚktevTIrbs;kUneTIbriHrk meFüa)ayCYy[Kat;Qb;
BisaRsa b:uEnþmindwgfanwgeFVIy:agNakñúgkrNIenH eTIbsUmENnaMviFIEdl
Føab;eFVI)anplmkehIymkCRmabCUn EdlGaceFVI[RbiymitþGñkGan
ykeTAsakl,geRbIemIlxøH .
193
 manerOgmYyfa kUnsisSmñak;mksuMRbwkSaCamYynwgRBHefr³mYyGgÁ edIm,IrkviFI
[«BukQb;BisaRsa eRBaHeBlKat;Rsvwgmþg² Kat;EtgEtLÚLaeCrbeBa©areKÉg rhUt
dl;eFVI[xøÜnÉgnigmþayxµaseGon EfmTaMgminh‘aneTANa ehIybeNþay[GñkCitxag
emIlmkedayRkEsEPñkminEmnCamitþeTotpg .
esckþIeRkomRkMKabsgát; eTIbmkRkabfVaybgMÁedIm,IRbwkSaCamYynwgRBHefr³
EdlKat;eKarBrab;GandUcCa«BukbegáItmñak;eTot .
RBHefr³)anmanBudikarENnaMdl;Kat;edaycitþemtþa R)afñanwgCYy[«BukrYcBI
esckþITukç edayelak)an[BaküENnaMdUcteTAenH
: krNI«BukejonRsaxøaMg ebIGñkdéTRsYlniyay Et«BukenHBi)akniyay
bMput RKan;Ethamat;niyay Kat;k¾hamPøam ehIyKat;EfmTaMgR)ab;eTotfa
:kuMmkniyay GjciBa©wmÉgtaMgEttUcRkUcqµaremøH :.
RBHefr³k¾Føab;eFVIdUecñHEdr eTaHbIbYsCaPikçúeRbonRbedAGñkdéT[Qb;pwkRsa
nigQb;Ck;)arImkCaeRcIn b:uEnþeBlRtLb;eTApÞHvij eTAsuMGgVrejamRbus[Qb;Bisa
Rsa R)ab;Kat;fa : ejamRbus sUmQb;BisaRsaeTA suxPaBnwg)anl¥eLIg ykeBl
evlaeTAsþab;Fm’ GgÁúyeFVIsmaFiRbesIrCag : b:uEnþ[EtniyayerOgenHmþgNa k¾RtUv
Kat;niyays‘kesotLgmkvijRKb;eBl b:uEnþGatµaenAEtminlHbg;esckþIBüayam .
eBlenaH ejamRbusGayuCag70qñaMehIy taMgcitþ[Kat;sURtmnþPavna GgÁúy
smaFieFVIcitþ[s¶b; pUrpg; ehIycg;[Kat;manbuNükñúgeBldMNak;kalcugeRkay)an
Cab;xøÜneTA.
b:uEnþenAeBlGatµaENnaM[Qb;BisaRsa cUlvtþeFVIbuNücb; Kat;eqøIyRtLb;
mkfa : l¥Edr ebIejamGgÁúysmaFitaMgEtéf¶enHteTA b:uEnþGgÁúybeNþIrpwkbeNþIr
mYyGenøIedaykarGgÁúysmaFi eFVIbrikmµPavnaenaHTMngCaRbesIrNas; :.
Kat;niyayLgmkya:genHehIy eyIgnwgeFVIdUcemþc niyayxøaMgeBkeTAxøac)ab
eRBaHKat;CaejamRbus ebImindas;etOn eyIgk¾min)ansgKuNKat; tRtaMtERtgmk
ya:genHCaeRcInqñaM TRmaMnwgedaHRsayecj .
194
 GatµaRtUveRbIkusela)ayedaHRsaymþgmYydMNak;kal² cab;taMgEt)anR)ab;
ejamEm:kuM[TijRsa[ejamRbusBisa[esaH ebIKat;rkejamEm:min)an k¾eTArkbg
RsI.
Gatµak¾R)ab;bgRsIeTotfa kuMTijRsa[ejamRbusTTYlTanN³ luHKat;eRbIkUn
min)an Kat;k¾eTAeRbIecA .
Gatµak¾bBa¢aecAfa kuMTijRsa[ta RKan;EtecAminTij[ Kat;k¾rGU‘rTaM minEt
bu:eNÑaH Kat;k¾eCrsþIeTotpg .
Gatµak¾R)ab;kµÜy[Gt;Fµt; sUm[yl;dl;elakG‘¿
Kat;k¾eTAeRbIecATYtGayu 7-8 xYb[eTATijRsamk[
Gatµak¾RtUveTAGb;rMecATYt RtUvbgÁab;ekµg KW eRbIkusela)ay eRbobdUcCanwg
rMlMedImeQI eyIgminGackat;b£sEkvEtmþg)aneT eyIgRtUvkat;b£sryag nig b£sExñg
ecjCamunsin TIbMput b£sEkvk¾taMgenAmin)an eRBaHGs;b£sryag nig b£sExñgehIy .
TIbMput ejamRbusk¾Qb;BisaRsa eRBaHKµannrNaeTATijRsa[ smnwgtUb
lk;RsaenAq¶ayrab;KILÚ eTIbrUcxøÜneTA \LÚvenH Kat;)anxUceTAehIyenAeBlGayu)an
86 qñaM kalEdlejamRbusQb;BisaRsa)andac;xatenaH Kat;manGayu 80 qñaM Qb;
BisaRsa)an 6 qñaM eTIbsøab; RKan;ebIEdr Kat;Qb;BisaRsa)an 6 qñaM .
karEdl;ejamtaMgcitþrkviFIedIm,I[«BukQb;TTYlTanRsa riHrkviFIEdlsmrmü
sRmab;Kat;teTA kuMKitrafy Kg;manéf¶NamYynwgrkviFI[Kat;Qb;)anedayxøÜnÉg .
elakGñkGanCaTIeKarB eBlGanmkdl;Rtg;enH Kg;yl;fa erOgkUnbeRgon
«Buk[Qb;TTYlTanRsaenaHCaerOgBi)ak karbeRgonmnusSFMRtUveFVI[Kat;Kitedaymin
xUcmuxmat; RtUveRbIstibBaØa rkviFIsaRsþEdlsmrmünwgGFüaRs½yrbs;Kat; RBmTaMg
manGMNt;Gt;Fµt;Nas; eTIbGacCYyKat;[rYcputBIG)ayPUmi)an .
sUm,IEtRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as; enAeBlRBHGgÁRtas;dwgehIy k¾RTg;enAmin
Tan;Rbjab;RtLb;eTARkugkbilBsþúvijPøam edIm,IeTsnaeR)asBuT§bitammuneKbg¥s;
eRBaHRTg;dwgfa ebIRtLb;eTAeTsnaeR)asRBHbitaPøam RBHGgÁk¾Kg;nwgminsþab;Edr .
195
 eRBaHdUecñaH eBlRBHGgÁRtas;dwgehIy eTIbesþceTAeRbonRbedARbCaCnkñúgEdn
mKF³Camunsin edIm,I[kitþis½BÞrbs;RBHGgÁl,IrnÞWlWdl;RBHbita [GñkdéTniyaydl;
RBHGgÁfa l¥ya:genH l¥ya:genaH .
eBlkitþis½BÞrbs;RBHGgÁl,IxÞrxÞaxøaMgeLIg rhUtdl;c,as;RBHT½y fa RBHBuT§
bitaRTg;eCO 100° eRBaHbBa¢ÚnTUtmkGaraFna RBHGgÁk¾enAEtminTan;RtLb;Pøam²Edr
RtUvrg;caMeTsnaeR)asTUtCaeRcInnak;EdlRBHbitabBa¢ÚnmkGaraFna[)anbYsRKb;Kñasin
rhUtTaMgKN³TUtcugeRkaymkGaraFna eTIbesþcRtLb;eTA.
TukCamøwgk¾eday RBHbitak¾enAEtminRBmfVaybgÁMRBHGgÁ RBHjativgSanuvgS
k¾minRkabfVaybgÁM eTIbRTg;sEmþg)adihariy_ edayedIrcRgámelIGakas ehIyRTg;nimitþ
ePøoge)akçrBsS KW dUcCaePøogFøak;elIsøwkQUk ebInrNacg;[TTwk eTIbTTwk ebImincg;
TTwkk¾minTTwk ePøogk¾Føak;mkya:gxøaMg ehIyRtas;fa ePøogenHFøab;Føak;mþgeTAehIy
enHKWCaelIkTIBIr .
mþgenaH KW ePøogenHFøak;kñúgsm½yEdlRBHGgÁesayRBHCatiCaRBHevsSnþr
RBHBuT§bitaRBmTaMgRBHjatiTaMgLayeXIj)adihariy_ eTIbRBmTmøak;Tidæiman³ sEmþg
esckþIeKarB ehIybUCaedayeRKOgskáar³ RBmsþab;RBHFmµeTsna naMKñµaeCOtam rhUt
dl;)anseRmcmKÁplCaeRcIn .
ehtudUecñaH ebIBicarNaemIleKalkarN_rbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;kñúgerOgenH
k¾eRbob)anfa karEdlkUnGacCYy[«BukQb;TTYlRsa)anenaH kUnRtUveFVIxøÜn[l¥
CaKMrUEdlKYr[RCHføa [Kat;eXIjfa eyIgCamnusSmanbBaØa mansmtßPaB rhUtdl;
Kat;emIlRsaleyIgmin)an bnÞab;BIenaH swmriHrkkusela)ayEdlRbkbedayesckþI
eKarB nig smrmüsRmab;Kat; eRBaHebIeyIgeFVI)anseRmc k¾nwg)anbuNüGanisgSeRcIn
Nas;.

196
197
 PaKTI 4 karedaHRsaybBaðaG)aymux

«BukEdlkUns¥b;

CUnkaleBlEdl«BukCkCab;G)aymux minGacCabegÁaldl;
RKYsar)an mnusSEdlCabegÁal[dl;RKYsar)an k¾Føak;eTAelImþay
enAeBlmanehtukarN_enHekIteLIgkñúgRKYsarCaerOy² GVIEdlkUnnwk
fb;)armÖ KW «BukykeRbobelImþay ehIyCYnkallMnwkKitenHGaceFVI[
kUns¥b;«Bukk¾)an ebIRKYsarNakMBugCYbRbTHbBaðaenH kUnKYrEtman
eKalkarN_ nig viFIKitBicarNa[)anRtwmRtUv .
manerOgmYyfa ekµgmñak;)anmkniyaysaTukçerOg«Bukrbs;eK
[RBHefr³sþab; fa {´kNaKitfa elak)a:cUlcitþykeRbobelIGñkma:k;
minRBYy)armÖkUnecAeT eRscEtGMeBIcitþxøÜnÉg KitEtesckþIsuxsb,ay
xøÜnÉg dl;eBlGasnñGn;Rk k¾beNþay[Gñkm:ak;eFVIEtmñak;Ég CYjdUr
ciBa©wmkUn Éelak):aKat;enApÞHRsYl EfmTaMgmansµn;nwgRsIGñkbeRmIkñúg
pÞHeTot etI´kNa)abeT ebI´kNas¥b;elak)a:?
198
 RBHefr³das;etOnekµgkMelaHenaHfa
{«BukEdlminTTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHtYnaTI Kat;k¾mankMhusrbs;Kat;eTAehIy Efm
TaMgsµn;CamYynwgRsIGñkbeRmIeTot Kat;k¾xussIlxkaemsumicäacaraeTot Kat;man
)abeBjxøÜnrbs;Kat;eTAehIy .
cMENkÉKat;manerOgnwgmþay kareQøaHRbEkkKñaenaH cat;CaerOgrvagKat; nig
mþaybu:eNÑaH .
cMeBaHeyIg GatµapþaMTukfa enAeBleyIgsmøwgemIleTA«Bukmþay sUm[emIl
ya:genH stVelakenAeBlnwgcab;kMeNItekItmk caM)ac;RtUvEtmanEbbBumÖ .
]bmafa eyIgmanduMdIs¥it ebIeyIg)anEbbBum<CarUbEBg ykduMdIs¥itjat;cUleTA
kñúgEbbBumÖenaH eyIgk¾)anEBgmkeRbI ebI)anEbbBumÖCacaneKam eyIg)ancaneKammk
ebI)anEbbBumÖCatukáta ykdIjat;cUleTAkñúgEbbBumÖtukátaenaH eyIgk¾)antukátamk
elg ebI)anEbbBumÖCaRBHBuT§rUb ykdIs¥itjat;cUleTAkñúgEbbBum<enaH eyIgk¾)an
RBHBuT§rUbmkRkabfVaybgÁMbUCadIs¥itmYyduM kalebI)anEbbBumÖmindUcKña dIs¥itenaHk¾
mantémømindUcKña pÞúyeTAvij ebIminmanEbbBumÖeT dIsi¥tenaHRtwmEtCadIFmµta bu:eNÑaH
minmantémøGVIeLIy.
mnusSeyIgekItmkk¾RtUvEtmanEbb ebIeyIg)anEbb«BukmþayCaeKaRkbI kUn
ekItmkk¾CaeKaRkbIEdr ebIeyIg)anEbb«BukmþayCasVa kUnekItmkk¾CasVaEdr ebIeyIg
)anEbb«BukmþayCamnusS kUnekItmkk¾CamnusSEdr .
sYrxøÜnÉgemIlfa eyIgmanPaBqøatvagévedaybuNütaMgEtCatimunmky:agenH
ebIeTAekItkñúgeBaHsVa luHdl;ekItecjmkBIeBaHmþayPøam k¾yMsMeLg {eck eck²
eck²{ CasVa
ebIGBa©wgeTAeyIgnwgeFVIy:agem:c)an ?
b¤ sYrxøÜnÉgya:genHfa ebIeRbobeFobrvagkarekItmkman«BukmþayCamnusS
ehIy«BukmþayminciBa©wmbI)ac; beNþay[ceRmInv½ykñúgmNÐlekµgGnafa nwgkarekIt
mkman«BukmþayCastVsVa ehIyciBa©wmbI)ac;eyIgEdlCakUnsVamkedayl¥rhUtdl;FM
eLIg etImYyNamantémøCag ? .
199
 cg;ekItmkCastVsVaeT ? eyIgk¾mincg;)aneRBaHGVI ? eRBaHfarUbragrbs;eyIgCa
mnusSEdlsmKYrdl;kareFVIGMeBIl¥)aneRcInRKb;rUbEbb nig[Tan rkSasIl b¤ eFVI
smaFiPavna eyIgk¾eFVI)anTaMgGs; ebIrUbragCastV nwgeFVIGMeBIl¥GVIk¾min)an Edlqøat
vagévdUcya:gBUkeyIgenH} .
ebI)anrUbragCastVsVayMeck² rs;enAkñúgéRB cg;eFVIGMeBIl¥GVIk¾min)an qøatk¾qøat
EbbstVsVa CaemlMsVa naMbkSBYkhk;elateyaleyakeTAmk eFVIGVIk¾min)an .
b¤ qøatya:genH ebI)anrUbragCastVGeNþIkvaretHtH sYrfa nwgeTAeFVIGVI)an qøat
k¾qøateTA ya:geRcInNas;)anRtwmEtCastVGeNþIkEdlqøatbMputkñúgelakenHbu:eNÑaH .
eBlEdlekItmkCakUnmnusS eTaH«BukmþayciBa©wmeyIg b¤ minciBa©wmk¾eday cUr
GrKuNcMeBaHelakEdl]sSah_[kMeNItCamnusSmkeyIg cMENkÉkarEdl«Bukmþay
ciBa©wmeyIg[FMFat;enaH cat;CaKuNUbkar³bEnßmEdlBYkKat;RbKl;[CaBiess ebIBYk
Kat;bnSl;TukRTBüsm,tiþ 10 lan 20 lan b¤ 100 laneTot k¾rwtEtCaKuNUbkar³
d¾elIsln; b:uEnþRtwmEtBYkKat;[kMeNItCamnusSmkeyIgenH mYyCIvitenH Kg;nwgsg
KuNBYkKat;minGs;eLIy ehtudUecñH kuMs¥b;Kat; b¤ eFVIGVI[Kat;Gn;citþ vaCakar)ab} .
luH)ansþab;RBHefr³ENnaMdUecñHehIy erOgEdlKYrKit KW ebIekµgmñak;enHminmk
niyaysaTukç[RBHefr³sþab;eT etIRKYsaenHnwgekItGVIeLIg karQb;TTYlTanRsaedIm,I
CaKMrUl¥[kUn/ cat;TukCaerOgEdl«BukKYreFVI[)an eRBaHbMNgb:gR)afñaEdlkUnRKb;
rUbmancMeBaH«Bukrbs;eK KW eKcg;[«Bukrbs;xøÜnÉgCamnusSl¥ minEmnCamnusS
RbmwkRsvwgxYbeLIy .

200
201
 PaKTI 5

beRgonkUn[sÁal;CIvit

202
203
 PaKTI 5 beRgonkUn[sÁal;CIvit

)a:>>>mnusSeyIgekItmkeFVIGVI ?

éf¶mYy eRkayBI«Buk)anCUndMeNIrePJovEdlmkcUlrYmsþab;sURt
RBHGPiFmµkñúgBiFIbuNüQabnkic©sBCItaTUtRtLb;eTAvijGs;ehIy kUn
Rbusk¾sYr«Bukfa
}bBi
bBiRtelak)
telak)a: kalebImnusSRKb;
SRKbrU;rbU EdlekItmkehIy RtUvEt
søab;beTAvi
;eTAvijdUcyagCI
:agCItaTUteT GBa©wgeyIgekItmkeFVIGVI?}?}
«BukCaGñkEdl)ansikSaRBHBuT§sasnamkeRcInKYrsmk¾eqøIytb
kUnRbussMNBVcitþfa
204
 {kUnsMLaj; kñúgCeRmAebHdUgrbs;mnusSRKb;rUb eTaHCamnusSRk many:agNa?
CamnusSsamBaØ b¤ kSRt suT§Etmancm¶l;q¶l;enAkñúgcitþfa etIeyIgekItmkeFVIGVI? GVIeTA
CaeKaledABitR)akdrbs;CIvit sUm,IEt)a:k¾enAEtsgS½yEdr.
cMNucenHÉgeTIbeFVI[)a:EbrmksikSaRBHBuT§sasnaedayGs;GjlMeKjGatµa
)anrkeXIjcemøIyEdlekItBIesckþIyl;eXIjRtUvkñúgerOgelak nig CIvit fa
1> mnusSeyIgsøab;behI
;ehIyminsUnü søab;ehIyRtUveTAekItkñúgPBepSgeTotrab;min
Gs; drabNaenAmankielskñúgxøÜnminTan;Gs; k¾RtUveTAekItteTAeTot .
2> kmµl¥GaRkk;
aRkkEdlbu
;EdlbuKÁleFVIehIyEtgmanpledayBit Gachucpl[TaMg
kñúgCatienH nigCatixagmuxmin)at;eTANaeT edaysegátplkmµ)anBIGñkxøHekItmkqøat
b:uEnþGñkxøHekItmkmanstibBaØaminl¥ GñkxøHekItmkmanmuxmat;l¥ b:uEnþGñkxøHminl¥
GVITaMgGs; enHekIteLIgBIplkmµEdleyIg)ansagTukmkBIGtItCatiCaGñkkMNt;TaMg
Gs; .
3> nrk zansYK’ manBitEmn
nrkCakEnøgdak;eTasrbs;GñkeFVIGMeBIGaRkk;eRcIn zansYK’CalMenArbs;GñkeFVI
GMeBIl¥eRcIn . eyIgnwgyl;dwg)anBIkarsikSaerOgkarekItrbs;stVepSg²kñúgelakenH
stVBYkTI 1 RtUvGaRs½yKP’mþayekIt/ BYkTI 2 ekItmkBIBg/ BYkTI 3 ekItmkBITwkkxVk;
mins¥at manstVmYyBYkeTotEdleyIgminFøab;eXIj b:uEnþFøab;)anEtB¤ KW BYkeTvta nig
stVnrk BYkenHRKan;EtekItehIyFMEtmþg mincaM)ac;GaRs½y«BukmþayekIteT .
mnusSEdleFVIbuNümkeRcInnwgeTAekItCaeTvtaelIzansYK’ ÉmnusSEdleFVI)ab
mkeRcInnwgeTAekItCastVnrkRtUvTTYlrgeTasTNÐBIniry)alkñúgnrk .
esckþIyl;eXIjRtUvkñúgerOg 3 y:agenH)anmkBIRBHBuT§sasna nig CaerOgnaM
mknUvkarhat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜnÉg elIksÞÜycitþKMnit[x<g;x<s;eLIg nignaMmknUvkarsnSM
buNü)armI[eRcIneLIg .

205
 )a:sgÇwmfa CatiNamYykñúgeBlxagmux enAeBl)a:manbuNü)armIRKb;RKan;
ehIyk¾nwgGacbRgáabkielsxøÜnÉg[Gs;rYcputBITukçCasßaBr TIbMputk¾cUlniBVantamRBH
smµasm<úT§Cam©as;)an .
enAeBlyl;)anRtwmRtUvRtg;cMNucenHehIy erOgdMbUgEdl)a:nwkdl; KW eFVIy:ag
Na)a:eTIbbiTTVarnrk[xøÜnÉg)an biTTVarnrk[CIdUnCItam:akug)an nig biTTVarnrk[
mþaynigkUn)an ehIyKitteTAeTotfa manvIFINaxøHEdleFVI[taTYtrbs;kUneTAkan;
suKtiPB .
luH)a:taMgesckþIR)afñakñúgCIvitrbs;xøÜnÉgy:agenHehIy k¾RtYtBinitüxøÜnÉgemIl
fa eBlenH)a:RtUveFVIkarrkTTYlTan RtUvciBa©wmemIlEfm:ak;nigkUn RtUvemIlEfCIdUnrbs;
kUn manviFIsaRsþNamYyEdleFVI[)a:eFVIkargareTA)anpg ehIyk¾naMTaMgRKYsareTAeFVI
buNü)anpg )a:BüayamsikSaRsavRCavBaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;
)anpg ehIyk¾rkeXIjfa manBitEmnRBHBuT§sasna[eKalkarRTRTg;CIvitrbs;
XravasTuk 4 Rbkar EdlehAfa { XravasFm’ } KW
1> RtUvmansc©³
eKalTI 1 enHbeRgon)a:[CamnusSeTogRtg; CamnusSesµaHRtg; kUncaMTukN³
mnusSmYycMnYnkñúgbc©úb,nñenHcUlcitþkuhk niyayminBit niyayeLHeLaH BImYyéf¶eTA
mYyéf¶[EteyagxøÜnrYc rhUtdl;minKYr[eCOTukcitþ kUnminRtUvCamnusSEbbenaHeT RtUv
CamnusSeTogRtg; nig R)akdRbCacMeBaHtYnaTI R)akdRbCacMeBaHkargareTogTat;cMeBaH
eBlevla esµaHRtg; nig eTogRtg;cMeBaHbuKÁldéT ehIynigR)akdRbCacMeBaHKuN KW
GMeBIl¥epSg² mansIl 5 CaedIm ehIykUnnwgminRtUveKregÁós CamnusSKYr[eCOTukcitþ
)an RBmTaMgCamnusSedIrenAelIpøÚvénkitþiysGs;mYyCIvit enHCapøÚvénkitþiysEdl)a:
TTYl)an .
2> RtUv]sSah_
sSahhV_hwkV hat;
hatxø;xÜnø Ég
eKalTI 2 enH kñúgvis½ykargarGaCIB )a:RtUvhVwkhat;fVIéd[ceRmIneTACaerOy²
ecjBImnusSEdlmindwgGVIesaH k¾BüayamGPivDÆxøÜnÉgrhUtdl;ciBa©wmxøÜnÉg)an man
206
kic©karCarbs;xøÜnÉg CamnusSmñak;EdlmanfVIédkñúgkareFVIkar Qøasév Tan;sgÁm
Tan;mnusS GacbBaÄb;xøÜnÉgmin[licpugeTAkñúgGMeBIGaRkk;)an ehIyeBlkielskMerIk
dUcCa cg;pwkRsa cg;Ck;)arI cg;kuhk cg;eTAeFVIGVIEdlxus k,t;citþma:k;kUn b:uEnþk¾GacTb;
citþxøÜnÉg)an mineFVIGVIEdlminsmKYrenaHeT enHCapøÚvénbBaØaEdl)a::)anTTYl .
3> RtUvmanGMNt;tGt;
;Gt
GtFn
;Fn Gt;
GtFµ;Ftµ ; TaMgpøÚvkay nig pøÚvcitþ
eKalTI 3 enH eTaHedImehtuecjmkehtuxageRkAéncitþ b¤ ehtuxagkñúgéncitþ
rbs;)a:k¾eday )a:k¾RtUvEtGt;Fµt;cMeBaHesckþIlM)akRtdabRtdYs Gt;Fµt;cMeBaHPaBht;
enOy s<wkRsBn; QWcab; Gt;Fµt;cMeBaHesckþIfñaMgfñak;citþBImnusSdéT)an edayehac
eTA k¾RtUvGt;Fµt;cMeBaHGarmµN_GUsTajBIkielskñúgcitþ[)an RBHBuT§Cam©as;RTg;
beRgonfa buKÁlGt;Fµt;cMeBaHGVITaMgGs;enH)an rEmgCamnusSrwgmaM buKÁliklkçN³
Rss;s¥at eFVIkargarFM² rEmg)anseRmc enHCapøÚvénkar)anRTBürbs;)a: .
4> RtUvlHbg;
lHbgGarmµ
;GarmµNRseBan
_RseBan lHbg;
lHbgesckþ
;esckþIkMNaj;
ajecjBI
;ecjBIcitþ)an
eKalTI 4 enHeFVI[)a:CamnusSmanGarmµN_PøWsVagCaFmµta manTwkcitþcg;CYy
GñkdéTCanic© CaTIRsLaj;rbs;jatimitþ GñkCitxag ecAhVaynay shkarIÉkEnøgeFVI
kargar eRBaH)a:Rbtibtþi)anya:genH eTIbeFVI[enAeBlEdl)a:mkRbkbGaCIvkmµpÞal;xøÜn
k¾manGñkmkCYyeRCamERCgkargarenaH TaMgCYyXøaMkarBarehtuePTepSg² [eTot
enHCapøÚvénkar)anmitþl¥rbs;«Buk .
eRBaH)a:RbtibtþitameKalFm’ 4 RbkarenH)an eTIbeFVI[)a:mankarekItkalval
Kum<kñúgCIvit taMgCMhr)an ciBa©wmRKYsar)an emIlEfCIdUnCItarbs;kUn[manesckþIsux
)an ehIyenAeBlEdlCITYtrbs;kUnenAmanCIvitrs;enA )a:k¾eRtom)aysmøTuk[CITYt
dak;)aRtral;éf¶ edIm,IbiTTVarnrkCUnKat; edIm,I[Kat;manbuNüCab;xøÜneTAekItenAelI
zansYK’ eTaHbICaéf¶enHKat;)anlacakelakeTAehIykþI )a:k¾enAEteFVIbuNü]TÞisbBa¢Üun
eTA[Kat;ral;éf¶ luHRtaEtsgçarrbs;)a:rlt;eTA .

207
 ebItaMgcitþGPivDÆxøÜnÉgTaMgKuNFm’ nigsmtßPaB[x<g;x<s;eLIgdUcEdl)a:)aneFVI
mkrhUtmYyCIvitenH kUnc,as;CanwgminsgS½yteTAeToteT fa mnusSeyIgekItmkeFVIGIV
eRBaHdwgfaekItmkedIm,IbiTTVarnrkdl;xøÜnÉg edIm,IeFVIGMeBIl¥ nig EktRmUvxøÜnÉg[kan;
Etl¥RbéBeLIg² luuHRtaEtGs;kielseTARBHniBVankñúgCatiNamYykñúgCatixagmuxenaH
Ég .
luHGanerOgenHehIy etIelakGñkeqø eqøIyR)R)ab;
abkU;knU y:yagNa
:agNa ?

208
209
 PaKTI 5 beRgonkUn[sÁal;CIvit

ekµg nig RBHBuT§Cam©as;

eRcInqñaMknøgmkenHsegáteXIjfa ekµg² sm½yfµImanesckþI

sgS½yfa ehtuGVI)anCaBuT§bris½TnaMKñaeKarBrab;GanRBHsmµasm<úT§Ca
m©as;CaTIBwgx<s;bMput fVIebIRBHGgÁ ecjmkBImnusSFmµtamñak;bu:eNÑaH
edIm,IbM)at;esckþIsgS½yenH eTIbeFVIkarRsavRCavrkeXIjcemøIyecjBI
RBHefr³ 1 rUbEdllµmnwgGFib,ayBnül;ehtuplerOgenH kñúgkRmit
EdlkUnecArbs;eyIglµmniwgyl;eXIj)an dUcteTAenH
210
 BuT§bris½TEdlBitR)akd CamnusSmanehtupl minEmnCamnusSgb;gl;eCOgay
eT karEdlmnusSNamñak; nwgerIsykbuKÁlNamYymkeFVICasasþaCaTIeKarBrbs;
xøÜnenaH karBiteTA eKKb,IBicarNadl;Rbvtþirbs;sasþaenaH² Camun fa
1> CabuKÁlEdlmanRbvtþic,as;
aslas;
;las manrUbragBitR)akdkñúgRbvtþisaRsþén
las
BiPBelakb¤eT minEmnCabuKÁlEdlmanRbvtþiminc,as;las; RsBicRsBil minKYr[
eCOTukcitþenaHeT .
2> CabuKÁlEdlmanstibBaØacMeNHdwgnigKuNFm’eRcIn yl; yldw;dgw erOgelak
nigCIvity:yagRCaleRCA
:agRCaleRCA EdlehAfa Rtas;
Rtasdw;dgw RBmTaMgKitravrkBaküeRbonRbedA)
ravrkBaküeRbonRbedA)an
edayxøÜnÉg minEmnEGbGagykBaküeRbonRbedArbs;GñkdéTmkkaéLbeRgoneK t
enaHeT KW RtUvCaGñkEdlmancMeNHdwgBitR)akdmansmtßPaBBitR)akdedayxøÜnÉg .
3> BaküeRbonRbedArbs;
BaküeRbonRbedArbssasþ ;sasþaenaH²
enaH² CaBaküeRbonRbedAEdlsav½kb¤
kUnsisSGacRbRBwtþRbtibtþitamrhUtdl; dlekI
;ekItpll¥)an rWmanesckþIsux)anBitR)R)akd
ebIminmanGñkNamñak;GacRbRBwtþitamBaküeRbonRbedATaMgenaH)aneT k¾s[eXIjfa
BaküeRbonRbedATaMgGs;enaHecalemSótKµanRbeyaCn_ eRBaHnrNa²k¾eFVItammin)an .
enAeBlBicarNatameKalkarN_TaMgGs;enHehIy k¾dwgfakarEdlBuT§bris½TeKa
rBRbkan;maMRBHsmµasm<úT§m©as;faCaTIBwgx<g;x<s;enaH eRBaHehtuEdlGnuelamcUlKña
TaMg 3 Rbkar KW
1> RBHsmµasm< smú<T§Cam©as;sCabu
;CabuKÁlEdlmanrUbragBitR)R)akdenAkñúgmnusSelak
RbvtþisaRsþFanar:ab;rg nig bgðajR)ab;buKÁlEdl[kMeNItCIvitdl;RBHGgÁya:gc,as;
las;dUcy:agmnusSTUeTAEdr eRkABIenaHRTg;enAmanRtkUlCan;x<s; )and;l; CaRBHraC
»rsrbs;RBHmhakSRtEdlmanRBHraClMenAFøab;rugerOgkñúgRbvtþisaRsþ manTItaMgBit
R)akdenAkñúgEpnTIBiPBelakrhUtmkdl;bc©úb,nñenH .

211
 BaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHGgÁJEdleyIgehAfa { RBHFm’ }
eTIbCasc©PaBEdlminecHhYssm½y sUm,IsBVéf¶enHRbsin
ebInrNaRbRBwtþitam rEmgTTYl)anpll¥ KWminFøak;xøÜneTA
kan;GMeBIGaRkk;

2> RBHGgÁRTg; TgeFV

;eFVIbRmwgRbwgRsavRCavravrksc©Fm’edayÉkÉgrhUtdl;
dl); an
Rtas;
Rtasdw;dgw RTg;
RTgbBaØ
;bBaØtþBaküeRbonRbedAedayeRbIsmtßPaBrbs;
aBrbsRBHGgÁ
;RBHGgÁÉgy:
gyagBi
:agBitR)R)akd
minEmnrYbrYmBaküeRbonRbedArbs;GñkdéTmkGagfa Carbs;xøÜnÉgenaHeT b¤GagRCul
rhUtdl;eTAnaMykBaküeRbonRbedArbs;GñkmanGMNacelIzansYK’mkbeRgon k¾esµInwg
karGaRs½y\T§iBlrbs;GñkdéT .
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;Rbkasya:gc,as;fa RTg;Rtas;dwgFm’edayRBHGgÁÉg
minsßitenAkñúgGaNtþirbs;buKÁlNaeLIy minEmnCaTUtbeRmIrbs;buKÁlNaeLIy TaMg
minbgçitbgçM[buKÁlNaeCOBaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHGgÁeLIy .
3> BaküeRbonRbedArbs
BaküeRbonRbedArbs;
küeRbonRbedArbsRBHGgÁ
;RBHGgÁRKb;
KbBako
;Bako suT§EtCasc©
tCasc©Fm’ )andl;
andlBM;BnM it
Cak;
Caklak;
;lak
lakEdlmi
;EdlminecHhYssm½y GMeBINaEdlRBHGgÁRtas;faKYreFVI GMeBIenaHebInrNa

212
taMgcitþeFVItam k¾nwg)anTTYlpll¥BitEmn ÉGMeBINaEdlRBHGgÁRtas;faKYrlHbg;
ebInrNabMBaneFVI k¾)anTTYlplCaTukçBitEmn .
ehtuenaH BaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHGgÁJEdleyIgehAfa { RBHFm’ } eTIbCa
sc©PaBEdlminecHhYssm½y sUm,IsBVéf¶enHRbsinebInrNaRbRBwtþitam rEmgTTYl
)anpll¥ KW minFøak;xøÜneTAkan;GMeBIGaRkk; dUcCa minFøak;xøÜneTACaecar eTACaGn§Bal
eTACamnusSGaRkk;yg;Xñg søab;eTAk¾minFøak;eTAkan;G)ayPUmi .
elIsBIenaHeTotkñúgkarbeRgonFm’ sUm,IRBHGgÁk¾RTg;enOyht;ya:gxøaMg Efm
TaMgRbQmmuxnwgkarRbmafBaFCnµBIxagKUbdibkS RBHGgÁk¾RTg;minrafy TaMgminRTg;
R)afñanwgTTYl b¤ TamTargVan;tbsñgNa²BIGñksþab;BaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHGgÁeLIy
edayehaceTA sUm,InrNanwgbUCaRBHGgÁedayGamis KW vtßúmantémøk¾eday RBHGgÁ
EbrCaRTg;ENnaMfa karbUCaya:genaHs‘UkarbdibtiþbUCamin)an enHsEmþg[eXIjdl;
RBHmhakruNaFiKuNd¾Gs©arü EdlsasþaNa² kñúgelakenH k¾minGaceRbobpÞwm)an
eLIy .
eRkABIenH sav½krbs;RBHGgÁminfaCaRBHPikçú b¤RKhsßGñkenARKgpÞH eBltaMgcitþ
bdibtiþtamRBHFm’ nigRBHvin½yEdlRTg;eRbonRbedATukehIy k¾GacCaGñkbrisuT§)an
edaykay vaca citþ Gs;kiels manesckþIsuxCaGmt³tamRBHGgÁ esµInwgskçIPaB
bBa¢ak;R)ab;dl;RBHbrisuT§iKuN)anfa BaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHGgÁeTogRtg; RtwmRtUv
l¥BitEmn mnusSRKb;rUbGacbdibtiþtam)annig)anTTYlplBitEmn sav½krbs;RBHGgÁ
EdlseRmcCaRBHGrhnþkñúgyuKÁsm½yenaH manrab;lanGgÁ .
eyIgCaBuT§bris½TeKarBrab;GanRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;fa CaTIBwgd¾x<g;x<s;eday
citþRCHføa fVIebIRBHGgÁecjmkBImnusSFmµtamñak; eRBaHRBHGgÁCamnusSRbesIbMput
edaybBaØaFiKuN b¤ niyayCaPasaGñkRsuk)anfa RTg;BUEkCageKbg¥s;kñúgelak eRBaH
RTg;BUEkGs©arüEdlGacbRgáabkiels)anedayRBHGgÁÉg nig RTg;manRBHmhakruNa
FiKuNFMeFg;kñúgkarbeRgonviFIbRgáabkielsdl;mnusSTaMgBiPBelak hak;bIdUcCamin
ecHenOyht;edayRBHT½ybrisuT§ edayRTg;minR)afñargVan;tbsñgNa² eLIy .
213
 eyIgeCOCak;cMeBaHRBHmhakruNaFiKuN RBHbrisuT§iKuN nig RBHbBaØaFiKuN
rbs;RBHGgÁ eTIbeyIgsuxcitþTTYlykRBHGgÁCaTIBwgx<s;bMput eFVItamBaküeRbon
RbedArbs;RBHGgÁedayminraErkcitþ edIm,Inwgkm©at;kiels[Gs;eTAtamRBHGgÁ)anenA
TIbMput .

214
215
 PaKTI 5 beRgonkUn[sÁal;CIvit

eFVIl¥)anl¥Bitb¤?

eTaHyuKÁsm½yNak¾eday ebInrNamYy)aneTARbQmmuxnwg
erOgNamYyEdl xøÜnyl;faminyutþiFm’nwggxøÜnÉg eRcInEtKitfa
{ eFVIl¥)anGaRkk;
anGaRkk; eFVIGaRkk;
aRkk); anl¥ } b¤ {eFV
eFVIGaRkk;
aRkkeTI
;eTIbman eFVIGwm
eGoneTIbRk} Rk BIeRBaHKitfa ebIeFVIGVIetagEthucpl[Pøam² nigeTAcab;
cMNucfa mnusSEdleFVIGaRkk;)anl¥CagxøÜnÉg b:uEnþebIsmøwgemIl[RKb;
RCugeRCay TidæPaBxageRkAmnusSGaRkk;emIldUcCasuxRsYl b:uEnþxag
kñúgcitþvijenaH mnusSGaRkk;nwkxøacjejItRKb;eBlevlafa xøÜnÉgnwg
RtUveKlblYceFVIXat nwgRtUvtRmYt cab;XuMxøÜnenAeBlNamYy vaRKan;Et
l¥mYyry³b:ueNÑaH b:uEnþRtUvRbfuyRbfannwgkar)at;bg;CIvitrhUtmYy
Cati .
216
 karbeRgonkUn[eCOCak;kñúgkareFVIl¥)anl¥ eFVIGaRkk;)anGaRkk; caM)ac;RtUvEt
bNþúHbNþaltaMgBIekµg² eTA eRBaHebIekµgmineCOTukcitþcMeBaHerOgenHeT karmineCOCak;
kñúgerOgeFVIGMeBIl¥CaerOgEdlRtwmRtUvGacnwgekIteLIg)an TaMgGacnwgyl;eXIjfa
kareFVIGMeBIl¥CaerOgrbs;mnusSeqatl¶g; dUcEdleyIgeXIjmnusSFMmYycMnYnyl;Ebb
enHenAeBlbc©úb,nñ .
b:uEnþbBaðaenARtg;fa etI«BukmþaymanTMnukcitþxøÜnÉgehIyb¤enAfa eFVIl¥)anl¥
eFVIGaRkk;)anGaRkk; ebIenAminTan;eCOTukcitþkñúgerOgenHeT k¾sUmelIkykerOgmYymk
tMNalCaeKalKMnit[sþab; ³
manerOgdMNalfa éf¶mYymanbursmñak;mksYrRBHefr³mYyGgÁfa
{ RBHetCKuN eyIgeFVIl¥ nwg)anl¥Bit b¤ ´kNaemIleXIjmitþP½RkCaeRcIneFVIl¥l¥
buE: nþmineXIj)anl¥esaH?
saH? }
RBHefr³eqøIyfa {ejam¡ kuMxateBlsgS½yeLIy karBiterOgc,ab;énkmµenH
GñkR)aCJ)anBiesaFn_mkrab;Ban;qñaMmkehIy b:uEnþmnusSPaKeRcInrYmTaMgejampgenAEt
sgS½y eRBaHCamnusSRbePTcitþekþA luHeFVIGVIeTAehIyk¾cg;dwgplPøam²Tan;citþ rhUt
dl;ePøcnwkKitdl;eKalkarBitmYycMnYn .
GatµasUmelIkyk]TahrN_gay² dUcCa ebIeyIgykkUneckmkdaMéf¶enH sYrfa
etInwg)ansuIEpøéf¶enHeT? k¾eqøIy)anfa enAminTan;)aneT RtUvrgcaMeTACitmYyqñaMÉeNaH
kñúgkMLúgeBlEdlrgcMaenaH k¾]sSah_eRsacTwk dak;dI EfrkSakarBarmin[RkasIupg
mindUecñHeT luHdl;RKb;qñaM Gacnwg)aneckEdr b:uEnþCaecksVit²RkineRkHmin)aneBjsÞg
eBjsñitdUcya:geckrbs;GñkRsukdéT .
cuHebIsYrfaetIkñúgkMLúgeBlenaHmin)anplGVIesaHb¤? eqøIyfa )an KW )antaMgEt
BIéf¶daMenaHemøH mann½yfa RKan;EtdaMehIy k¾)anTTYlpldMNak;kaldMbUg KW
esckþIrIkraysb,aycitþ fa eyIg)aneFVIkargary:agRtwmRtUvtamrdUvkalehIy
kñúgkMLúgkalenaH k¾TTYl)anpltammkCalMdab; taMgEt)ansøwkeckmkevcnM)an

217
 eyIgdaMedImeck TRmaMnwg)anEpøhUb RtUvrg;caMrab;qñaM
kareFVIGMeBIl¥ TRmaMnwgsgÁmTTYlsÁal; k¾RtUvEtGaRs½y
eBlevlaEdr ehtudUecñH kuMcitþekþAtk;Rkhl;eLIy

RtyUgeckmkRClk;CamYynwgTwkGnøk; b:uEnþenAminTan;)anhUbEpøeckeT RtUvrg;caMrhUt

dl;dMNac;qñaMÉeNaH .
pll¥
pll¥lMdab;
abTI;TI 1 eBlevlaeFVIGMeBIl¥k¾dUcKñaEdr enAeBlEdleFVIeRscehIy
eTaHmannrNaeXIj b¤ mineXIjk¾eday eyIgk¾nwg)anTTYYlpll¥kñúgdMNak;kaldMbUg
Pøam KW )anTTYlesckþIrIkraysb,aycitþfa eyIg)aneFVIGMeBIl¥TukehIy.
pll¥lMdab;abTI;TI 2 enAeBleyIgeFVIGMeBIl¥mþgehIymþgeTotCab;²Kña plén
GMeBIl¥kñúglMdab;TI 2 nwgedaytammk KW buKÁliklkçN³nwgRbesIreLIg man]bma
dUcCa)ansøwkeckmkevcnMdUecñaH .
pll¥lMdab;
abTI;TI 3 luHeFVIeTACaerOy² ral;Exral;qñaM plénGMeBIl¥kúñglMdab;TI 3
eTIbecjpáaEpømk KW eTaHCaeFVIGVIk¾eday k¾eXIjfa mansMNag manlaPrhUt b¤fa FUr

218
xøÜneLIg eFVIkargarNak¾)anseRmcRKb;ya:g ]bnisS½ycitþKMnitk¾l¥RbesIreLIgrhUt
dl;xussegát man]bmadUcCa)anRtyUgeckmkbriePaKya:genaHÉg .
pll¥lMdab;abTI;TI 4 ebIeFVImþgehIymþgeTotminRBmQb; plénGMeBIl¥Edltammk
KW CaTITTYlsÁal;rbs;mnusSTUeTAkñúgsgÁm
eyIgdaMedImeck TRmaMnwg)anEpøbriePaK RtUvrg;caMrab;qñaM kareFVIGMeBIl¥ TRmaMnwg
sgÁmTTYlsÁal; k¾RtUvGaRs½yeBlevlaEdr ehtudUecñH kuMcitþekþAtk;Rkhl;eLIy .
mnusSPaKeRcIneBleFVIGMeBIl¥eRcInEtRbkan;xøÜnÉg cg;[GMeBIl¥hucpl[rh½s
Tan;citþxøÜnÉg GMeBIGaRkk;TaMgGm,alma:nEdlFøab;eFVImkenaH EbrCabn;Rsn;fa kuM[
vatammkTan;eLIy b:uEnþeBlGñkdéTeFVIGMeBIGaRkk;vij CaBiess ebIekþARkhaymk
dl;xøÜnpg nwkcg;[plénGMeBIGaRkk;enaHtampþnÞaeK[)anqab;rh½s b:uEnþePøcGMeBIl¥
EdleK)aneFVITukmk ehUtdl;manmnusSl¥enAEtsgS½yfa eFVIl¥)anpll¥Bitb¤ ?
kñúgbNþamnusScitþekþATaMgLayEdlcg;[kmµhucplrh½sTan;EPñkeXIjenaH
tamBiteTA eKKitEtBIcg;)anplRbeyaCn_bu:eNÑaH KWfa ebIeK[TanPøamk¾)anFUrFarPøam
eTIbRtUvcitþeK pÞúyeTAvij ebIeKniyaykuhkPøam eFµjk¾)ak;Gs;BImat;Pøam eKEbrCa
KitfaminyutþiFm’ mnusSeyIgeRcInEtEbbenHÉg KW eRscEtGMeBIcitþxøÜnÉg eRBaHEt
citþekþA eTIbsgS½ydl;c,ab;énkmµCaerOy² .
eRBaHehtudUecñaH cab;taMgBIéf¶enHteTA sUm[Qb;mancitþekþA kuMkan;eCIgxøÜnÉg
cUreFVIcitþ[CakNþal pþl;yutþiFm’dl;erOgepSg² CuMvijxøÜn b:uEnþkarEdlnwgeFVI)anya:g
enH RtUvGaRs½ykareFVIsmaFi[)aneRcInbu:eNÑaH .
RbiymitþGñkGanc,as;Ca)aneXIjehIyfa cemøIyrbs;RBHefr³EdlelIkyk
mkbriyay[sþab;enH kareFVIl¥ ebIminecHeFVIeT k¾min)anplEdr dUecñHGVI² EdleyIg
)aneFVIl¥knøgmkehIyenaH eyIgetagEteFVI[l¥CaTIbMput mann½yfa eFVI[RtUvl¥ dl;
kRmitl¥ nig RKb;l¥bu:eNÑaH eTIb)anpll¥ edIm,ICaKMrUl¥[dl;kUnecA kUnecAnwg)an
eCOCak;fa eFVIl¥ )anl¥ eFVIGaRkk; )anGaRkk;nuHÉg .

219
220
 PaKTI 5 beRgonkUn[sÁal;CIvit

eFVIl¥dUcemþceTIb)anpll¥?

erOgr:avEdlCabBaðaekIteLIgRKb;yuKsm½yenaH KW eFVIdUcemþc
mnusSeyIg eTaHbIKµaneKdwgB¤ b:uEnþenAeBlman»kaseFVIGMeBIGaRkk;
k¾GachamxøÜnÉgmin[eFVIGMeBIGaRkk;)an mü:ageTot eTaHbIKµaneKdwgB¤
b:uEnþenAeBlman»kaseFVIGMeBIl¥ k¾xñHExñgeFVIGMeBIl¥enaHedaysuT§citþ ebI
«BukmþayGacbeRgonkUn[CamnusSl¥ TaMgenAcMeBaHmux nigkM)aMgmux
y:agenH muxCanwgminRBYy)armÖTaMgFanara:b;rg)anfa kUnrbs;eyIg
nwgtaMgCMhrCamnusSl¥enAelIelakenH eTA)anCaerogrhUt edaymin
sagesckþIekþARkhay[dl;xøÜnÉg nig GñkdéTCaminxaneLIy .
221
 sYrfaetIkarbgVwknisS½y[RsLaj;GMeBIl¥ s¥b;GMeBIGaRkk;[dl;kUnBi)akb¤RsYl
R)ab;fa Bi)akEdr eRBaHPaKeRcIn mnusSeyIgeBlCYbeRKÓgGUsTajcitþk¾eRcInEtham
citþxøÜnÉgmin)an b:uEnþebI«BukmþaytameTAemIledayxøÜnÉg b¤ [GñkdéTeTAtamemIl
RKb;eBlevlak¾c,as;CaKµanpøÚveFVI)aneT manEtmüa:geT KW kUnRtUvtamemIlxøÜnÉg.
b:uEnþkarEdlGññkNamYytamemIlxøÜnÉg)an GñkenaHRtUvyl;dwgdl;c,ab;énkmµ
Camunsin esckþIRCYtRCabkñúgcitþRtg;enHÉgCaeKalKMnitcaMdwknaMeTARKb;CMhan ebIsin
man»kaseFVIGMeBIGaRkk; eTaHbIKµanGñkdwglWk¾GacTb;xÜønÉgedaysuT§citþ)an EtebIman
»kaseFVIGMeBIl¥k¾xñHExñgeFVIedayGs;GjlMeKjGatµaEdr edayminxVl;fa GñkNadwgB¤ b¤
mindwgk¾hIeTAcuH?

karbeRgonkUn[yl;kñúgerOgc,ab;énkmµ
sRmab;erOgenH esµrsUmkMNt;edaykRmityl;dwgkñúgkarGFib,ay eTIb)aneTA
RsavRCavrkBIesovePAFm’mYyk,alrbs;RBHefr³mYyrUb ehIyk¾rkeXIjcemøIy fa
{ebIsYrRBHefr³fa kareFVI[yl;dl;erOgc,ab;énkmµ tamBit Bi)akb¤eT?}
eqøIyfa minBi)akeT b:uEnþRtUvcab;cMNuc[RtUv .
dMbUg ebIsYrRtg;² fa nrNaeCOCak;kñúgcitþfaeFVIl¥)anl¥Bitb¤ ? PaKeRcInR)ab;fa
mineCOCak;kñúgcitþeT .
RBHefr³cUlvtþsikSaFm’)anbYnR)aMqñaM eTIb)anbYs b:uEnþmunnwgcUlvtþenaH min
eCOCak;kñúgcitþfaeFVIl¥)anl¥ eFVIGaRkk;)anGaRkk;eT ecHEtmanmnÞilsgS½y eRBaHEt
mnÞilsgS½yenHÉgeTIbKµanRhVaMgTb;xøÜn .
RBHefr³cg;[BYkeyIgsakl,gemIlRtg;enH ehIyeyIgnwgCYbcMNucsMxan;Edl
eFVI[yl;erOgc,ab;énkmµ .
cMNucEdlmnusSeyIgsgS½yeRcIn KW eFVIl¥)anl¥BitrWeT ?
b:uEnþeKminsUvdwgeTfa mnusSeyIgnwgeFVIl¥[)anl¥eTA)an Tal;EtmanlkçxNÐ
cm,g 2 y:ag KW 1¦ lkçx½NÐxagkñúgxøÜnÉg nig 2¦ lkçx½NÐxageRkAxøÜnÉg
222
erOgTI 1 lkçxNÐxagkñúgxøÜnÉg man 3 x KW
1¦ RtUUvEteFVI[RtUvl¥
RtUvl¥ KW eFVI)anRtwmRtUvRtg;
RtgtameKalbM
;tameKalbMNgrbs;
grbskargarenaH
;kargarenaH minPøaMgPøat;t .
niyay[RsYlsþab;faeTaHbIebIeFVIkargarGVIk¾eday RtUvsikSaeKalbMNg[)an
c,as;Camunsinfa kargarenaHRtUvkarGVI? ehIyswmeFVI eBlcab;epþImeFVI k¾RtUveFVIva[
RtUveKaledA ebIminRtUveKaledAeT kñúgpøÚvRBHBuT§sasnaelakEtgEteRbobeFobkar
eFVIl¥[ RtUvl¥ eTAnwgkare)akKk;sMelokbMBak;EdleyIgesøokBak;sBVéf¶enHÉg .
CaTUeTA ebIsMelokbMBak;RbLak; k¾eRcInEtRbLak;Rtg;kGav Rtg;Kl;k eRkA
BIenaHRtg;cugédGav b¤ Rtg;cugeCIgexa eTaHbIjIsMelokbMBak;)ansBVk¾eday b:uEnþebImin
)anjIRtg;kGav nig cugédGav b¤ cugeCIgexaeT sYrfaetIRCHeT? minRCHeT eRBaHe)ak
minRtUvkEnøgRbLak; KW minRtUvl¥ minRtUveKaledA minRtUvvtßúbMNgénkare)akKk;
sMelokbMBak; eRBaHehtuenaH eTaHbIebIRbwge)akKk;k¾EmnBit b:uEnþTIbMput sMelokbMBak;
k¾enAEtmins¥at .
kareFVIl¥minRtUvl¥ eRbobdUcCamnusS]sSah_Büayamb:uEnþl¶itl¶g; KµanpøÚv)anl¥
eT eTaHbIxMRsvaRseTjb:unNa k¾xitxMeFVIeTAedaykþIl¶itl¶g; eTIbKµanpøÚv)anl¥eT eRkA
EtBImin)anl¥ehIy EfmTaMgnaMmknUvbBaðaxUcxatEdlRtUvtamedaHRsayCaeRcIneTot .
mnusSEdlnwgeFVIl¥[RtUvl¥)an manEtpøÚvmüa:g KW RtUvsikSa[l¥Camunsin
ehIyswmcab;epþImeFVI[RtUvtameKalbMNgrbs;erOgenaH .
2¦ RtYvEteFVI[dl;
dlkRmi
;kRmitl¥
dl;
dlkRmi
;kRmitl¥ KW enATIenHsMedAyk karxMeRbIcMeNHdwg nig smtßPaBy:agGs;Gj
lMeKjGatµaedIm,IbeBa©jsñaéd[)anl¥CaTIbMput . eTaHbIebIeFVI)anRtwmRtUvtameKal
bMNgehIyk¾eday EtebIsYrfa eFVIRtUvl¥ehIy cuHnwg)anpll¥eT? eqøIyfa minTan;
c,as;eT eRBaHeTaHbIebIeFVIRtUvl¥k¾eday b:uEnþebIenAminTan;dl;kRmitl¥eT KW eFVIRtwmEt

223
ec,al² minxMEmnETneT eTaHbIkargarseRmcehIyk¾eday b:uEnþlT§plénkargarenaH
k¾minsUvl¥bu:nµanEdr .
]TahrN_erOge)akKk;sMelokbMBak; eyIgdwgehIyfa RtUve)akKk;[RtUvRtg;
kEnøgRbLak; dUcCa kGav CayGav nig cugédGav ehIyk¾eyIgdwgfaRtUvjI[dl; 30
dg sñamRbLak;eTIbRCHGs; b:uEnþdl;eBleyIge)akKk; CYsnwgjIRtg;sñamRbLak;[
)an 30 dg sMelokbMBak;eTIbRCHs¥at eyIgEbrCajIRtwmEt 10 dg enAsl; 20 dg
eTot EdlminjI-t sMelokbMBak;muxCaminRCHs¥at minRCHkEm¥leLIy vaRKan;Et
RbLak;ticbu:eNÑaH ÉkareFVIGVIepSg²k¾dUcKña eTaHbICaeFVI)anRtUvl¥ehIyk¾eday b:uEnþebI
brimaNkargarenAminlµm[ekItl¥)aneT k¾enAEtminTan;)anl¥hñwgÉg .
kareFVIl¥)anRtUvl¥ Etmindl;kRmitl¥ k¾dUcCamnusSRbePTqøat b:uEnþeFVIxøÜnx¢il
RcGUs KW dwgfa l¥Rtg;Nak¾dwg kargarenHeFVIdUcemþck¾dwg b:uEnþeFVIbnþiceTA eFVIkar
garykmuxykmat; KW vaRtUvl¥ Etmindl;kRmitl¥ k¾eTAminrYceLIy e)akeK)ank¾eRBaH
eKtamminTan; éf¶NamYyebIRtUvcab;)anedjTan;fa GñkenHragqøatEtx¢ilRcGUs eKk¾min
ykmnusSEbbenaHTukEdr .
ehtudUecñaH GñkEdleFVIesckþIl¥)anRtwmRtUvehIynwg[)andl;kRmitl¥ manEt
pøÚvmYy KW RtUvBüayameFVIesckþIl¥enaH[Gs;BIsmßPaBrbs;xøÜn eTIb)anseRmctam
eKalbMNgedayminmanPaBx©ilRcGUs mineKcevH minrG‘UrTaM nig minRBmcuHcaj;
cMeBaH]bsKÁNamYyTaMgGs; .
3¦ RtUveFVIl¥[RKb;
RKbl¥;l¥
sYrfaetIebIeFVI)anl¥RtUvnigdl;kRmitl¥ehIy nwg)anl¥eT ? eqøIyfa enAminTan;
c,as;enAeLIyeT eRBaHRtUveFVIl¥[RKb;l¥eTot .
RKb;
RKbl¥;l¥ mann½yfa manstisµartIl¥mineFVIGVI[hYseBk mineRcIneBk minticeBk
rhUtdl;naMmknUvesckþIxUcxat .

224
 ]TahrN_dUcCa sMBt;Edlykmke)ak eTaHRtUve)ak[cMkEnøgRbLak;
k¾BitEmnehIy b:uEnþCYsnwgjIva 30 dg eTIbRCHGs; eyIgEbrCajIvadl;eTA 100 dg
eTAvij sMBt;eTIbdacGs; sMBt;l¥² eTIbexÞcxÞIGs; eRBaHvaminRKb;l¥ .
kareFVIl¥minRKb;l¥ bIdUcCakareFVIkargartaMgBIRBlwmTl;RBlb;Tal;EtsuxPaB
RTuDeRTam CagenaHeTAeTot RtUvx©IbulluyeKmkeFVIpg kargarenaHenAEtminrYc
EfmTaMgmin)anl¥eTotpg RtUvsRmYly:agNa[RKb;l¥ .
ehtudUecñH GñkEdleFVIl¥RtUv nig dl;kRmitl¥ehIy RBmTaMgeFVI[RKb;l¥eTA)an
manEtpøÚvmYy KW RtUvmanstisµartIl¥ mineFVI[hYseBk eRcIneBk b¤ ticeBk EdlCa
ehtunaMmknUvesckþIxUcxat)an .
srubesckþImk KWfa GñkEdleFVIl¥[)anl¥enaH eKRtUveFVIl¥[RKb;GgÁ 3 Rbkar
KW RtUvl¥ dl;
dlkRmi
;kRmitl¥l nig RKb;
RKbl¥;l¥ enHCalkçxNÐxagkñúgxøÜnÉg .
erOgTI 2 lkçx½NÐxageRkAxøÜnÉg
eTaHbICaeyIgeFVIl¥RtUv dl;kRmitl¥ nig RKb;l¥ehIyk¾eday b:uEnþkarEdlGMeBI
l¥nwghucpl[enaH eyIgRtUvBicarNadl;bc©½yxageRkA 2 y:ag eTot KW
1> eBlevla
eBlevlaCasmasFatusMxan;kñúgkarEdlGMeBIl¥hucpl[
]TahrN_ eyIgcg;daMedImeckkñúgéf¶enH k¾ykkUneck 1 edImkm<s; 1 htß mk
CIkreNþAy:agl¥ehIy eTIbdaMkUneckenaHcuHeTA RBmTaMgeRsacTwk RCYydIedayl¥pg
sYrfa etIéf¶Es¥knwg)anhUbeckPøam² enaHb¤eT ? eqøIyfa min)anhUbeT .
RbsinebIdaMedImeckmSilmij ehIyéf¶enHk¾min)anhUbEpø ebIGBa©wgmin)anl¥eTb¤ ?
eqøIyfa mindUecñaHeT eRBaHtamBiteTA va)anplEdlKYr)an enAeBltaMgcitþdaMedImeck
eTAehIy k¾GacnwgFana)anfa nwg)aneckebIvamingab; cuHnwg)anhUbeckPøam²eT?
enAminTan;dwgeT .

225
 eRkayBIdaMrYcehIy RtUvtaMgcitþeRsacTwkRbEhl 3-4 ExeTot sYrfanwg
)anhUbeckb¤eT ? k¾eqøIyfa enABMuTan;)anhUbeT )anRtwmEtsøwkeckmkeRbIR)as; .
eRkaymkeTot k¾taMgcitþeRsacTwkRbEhlCa 8-9 ExeTot \LÚvenHnwg)an
eckhUbb¤enA? k¾eqøIyfa enAminTan;)anhUbenAeLIy RKan;Et)anRtyUgeckhUbCamYy
TwkeRKOgb:ueNÑaH .
eyIgRtUveRsacTwkRCYydI[RKb; 12 Ex eTIb)aneckenaHmkhUb .
RKan;EtkardaMedImeckk¾RtUveRbIeBlevladl;eTA 1 qñaM eTIb)anhUbEpø ÉkareFVI
l¥[)anplqab;Pøam²enaHvaminEmnCaerOggayRsYlenaHeTvak¾RtUveRbIeBlevlaEdr .
ehtudUecñH CnNaEdlniyayfa eFVIl¥min)anl¥ fVIebIeFVIl¥)anRtUv dl;kRmitl¥
nig RKb;l¥ehIyk¾eday k¾CRmabR)ab;fa citþqab;ekþAeBk .
2> TIkEnøg
enAmansmasFatumYyeTotEdleRkABIeBlevla sUmelIkykmk[BicarNa
Rbkbpg/ enaH KW TIkEnøg
]TahrN_ manedImeckmYyRbePTCaRbePTedImeckenACitBagTwk mindUc
edImeckduHenAelIdITYleT .
edImeckEdlduHenACitBagTwkmancMNucBiess KW eBlRBwkRBlwm nakalm©as;
eRkakBIdMeNkmk m©as;k¾lubmuxlagmat; eckk¾)anTTYlTwktaMgBIRBwkRBlwm .
RKan;Etm©as;hUb)ayehIy lagcanlagqñaMg eckk¾)anTTYlTwkeTot .
RKan;Etm©as;gUtTwkecjeTAeFVIkar eckk¾)anTTYlTwkeTot .
CYnkal GñkbeRmIenApÞHe)akKk;exaGav eckk¾)anTTYlTwkeTot .
luHdl;eBll¶ac m©as;RtLb;mkBIeFVIkarvij m©as;k¾gUtTwk eckk¾)anTTYlTwk
eTot .
enAeBlxøH GakasFatuekþAs¥úHs¥ab; m©as;pÞHk¾eRkakeLIgeTAgUtTwkenAeBlyb;
eRCA eckk¾)anTTYlTwkeTot .

226
 eckRbePTenHFMlUtlas;eLIgral;éf¶ eyIgRtUvelIkElg[eckRbePTenHEdr
eRBaHvaduHenACitBag va)anenATIkEnøgl¥ .
kareFVIl¥k¾dUcKñaEdr TIkEnøgEdleyIgeTAeFVIGMeBIl¥ RbsinebIvaGMeNaypl[
eyIgk¾nwg)anTTYlpll¥qab;rh½sEdr EtRbsinebIminGMeNaypleT eyIgk¾nwgkRm
)anplEdr erOgEbbenHCaerOgFmµta .
cMNucEdlKYrRbugRby½tñ KW kuMcg;g); ansñaéd rhUtdl;
dlmi;mni Kitfa GñkEdlenA
kEnøgenaHCamnusSl¥b¤mnusSGaRkk;
SGaRkk; BIeRBaHebICaRbePTmnusSevocevrrbijrbujeT
BIdMbUgeKGacnwgelIksÞÜyeyIg[qab;FMelOnedIm,IykmkCabkSBYk b:uEnþRKan;EtFM
elOneBk eRkaymkeKk¾Kitfa minGacRKb;RKgeyIg)aneToteT eKk¾RkLas;citþpøas;
mks¥b;eyIgvij eKBüayamrkviFImYlbgáac;eyIg[køayeTACaGñkrgeRKaHmþgvij .
ehtudUecñH CYnkalkarEdl)anCaedImeckenACitBagTwkenH cat;TukfaCakar
RbesIrehIy b:uEnþebIminecHerIsm©as;BagTwkeT eTArs;enAEk,rm©as;BagTwkEbbmnusS
RkLicRkLúc rbijrbuj s‘UeTArs;enAdUcCaedImeckEdlduHenAelITITYlRbesIrCag .
karEdleFVIl¥)anl¥enaH k¾RtUvsegátemIl nig cat;sRmYledayxøÜnÉg/ erOgeBl
evla nig TIkEnøg sUm[smøwgemIltamesckþIBitrbs;CIvit eyIgnwgrkeXIjPsþútag
eRcIneLIgedayxøÜnÉg erOgEdlsMxan;enaH KW enAeBlEdleyIgeCOCak;kñúgcitþfa eFVIl¥
BitCa)anpll¥ nig eCOc,ab;énkmµplehIy enAeBleyIgman»kasRbRBwtþGMeBIGaRkk;
edayBMumanGñkNaeXIj eyIgnwgGachamXat;xøÜnÉg)an dUcKñaenaHEdr ebI»kas
énkareFVIGMeBIl¥Qanmkdl; eyIgk¾BüayameFVIGMeBIl¥enaHedayp©itp©g; eTaHbICaKµan
nrNadwgk¾eday .

ehtuGVI)anCabuKÁlmYycMnYnenAEtsÞak;esÞIrfa eFVIl¥min)anl¥ ?
erOgenH cMNucsMxan;EdlTak;TgnwgcgVak;eBlevlaénkar[plrbs;GMeBIl¥

227
 eyIgdwgc,as;fa enAeBleyIgcab;eFVIl¥RtUvl¥ dl;kRmitl¥ nig RKb;l¥ehIy Gñk
enaHnwg)anl¥edayBitR)akd kan;EteFVI[GñkenaHeCOCak;EfmeTotfa eFV :eFVIl¥RtUvEt)
Et)anl¥
anl :
eTIbeFVI[eKtaMgcitþeFVIGMeBIl¥TaMgenAcMeBaHmuxnigkM)aMgmuxrbs;GñkdéT .
pÞúyeTAvij RbsinebIcab;eFVIGMeBIGaRkk;[RtUvGaRkk; dl;kRmitGaRkk; nig
RKb;GaRkk; sUmFanaGHGagfa GñkenaHetagEtCamnusSGaRkk;edayBitR)akd/ pl
GaRkk;k¾tammk KW mnusSGaRkk;muxCaKµanEpndI[enAGaRs½yeLIy mnusSEbbenH
eyIgk¾)anemIleXIjmkCaeRcInehIy .
b:uEnþerOgkareFVIGaRkk;)anGaRkk;enaH manesckþIlM)akkñúgerOgeBlevla KW
TRmaMnwgGMeBIGaRkk;[pl k¾eFVI[mnusSCaeRcInnak;ekItmnÞilsgS½ykñúgcitþfa etIeFVIl¥
)anl¥BitCaRtwmRtUvb¤eT ?
eRBaHCYnkal eyIgkMBugEteFVIGMeBIl¥RtLaMg nig kMBugEtrg;caMGMeBIl¥[pl éc
dnüGI GMeBIGaRkk;kalBICatimunva[plmun eTIbRtUvrgkmµswgsøab;/ cMNucenHÉgEdl
eFVI[mnusSpøas;citþeTAeFVIGMeBIGaRkk;vij .
eRBaHfaebIBicarNa[)aneRCARCHeTA erOghñwg)anCakøayeTACaEbbenHk¾eRBaH
EtekItmkBIGMeBIeRTIsXñgrbs;xøÜnÉgEdl)aneFVITukmkkalBIGtItkal eTaHbIebIxøÜnÉg
eFVIGMeBIeRTIsXñgTuk b:uEnþkalenaHBMumannrNafaGVI luHpøas;citþmkeFVIGMeBIl¥ eTIbEteFVI
)anmYyry³eBlxøI EbrCaRtUvkmµtammkpþnÞaelIxøÜn eTIbykerOgGMeBIl¥ nig GMeBIGaRkk;
mklayLMKña køayeTACafa eFV :eFVIl¥EbrCamin)anl¥
anl : eTIbQb;eFVIGMeBIl¥ gakerEbreTA
eFVIGMeBIGaRkk;dUcedImvij RBmTaMgkMNt;TisedAfa teTAmu :teTAmux nwgRtLb;
RtLbeTAeFV
;eTAeFVIGMeBIeRTIs
XñgenaH[
enaH[cas;casédCagenHeTAeTot
;édCagenHeTAeTot : .
TnÞwmnwgenaH CYnkaleyIgeTAeXIjGñkxøHkMBugeFVIGMeBIGaRkk;yg;Xñg b:uEnþ
lT§plEdlecjmk KW GñkenaHRtLb;CaRtUv)anEtgtaMgdMeLIgyss½kþieTAvij eTIb
køayeTACafa eFV :eFVIGaRkk;
aRkk); anl¥ : .
b:uEnþtamkarBiteTA mUlehtucm,gEdleFVI[)anyss½kþifVIebIxøÜneFVIGaRkk;enaH
minEmnGVIdéTeLIy KW Kab;CYneTA)anemnaMEdlcUlcitþGMeBIGaRkk;Edrb¤RbePTemedIr
228
minTan;kUn KW RtUv)ankUnqe)akCaerOy² Ebbhñwgk¾manEdr b:uEnþéf¶NamYy kalebI
RtUveKcab;)anehIy kUnkMhUcenaHk¾nwgElgxUc)anteTAeTotehIy RtUvcUlxøÜnmkesay
kmµrbs;xøÜnvijminxan .
karEdleyIgenAq¶l;fa eFVIl¥BitCa)anl¥ eFVIGaRkk;BitCa)anGaRkk;Emnb¤eT?
vak¾manmUlehtumkBIPaBsaMjaM énkar[plrbs;GMeBIl¥Rtg;cMNuceBlevla nig
TIkEnøghñwgÉg .

eKalkarBicarNaGMeBIl¥GMeBIRtwmRtUv
erOgkareFVIl¥RtUv dl;kRmitl¥ nig RKb;l¥enH eyIgGacykeTAeRbIkñúgkar
BicarNaGMeBIl¥RtwmRtUvrbs;mnusSkñúgkarRKb;RKg)aneTotpg .
:enAsm½ymYy kñúgmCÄdæanFnaKar FnaKarikmñak;RtUvGnisSrCnsresrlixit
GnamikvayRbhary:agcas;éd .
mUlehtu KW Kat;)antemøIgtMENg[shkarIminesµIKña GñkxøH)aneLIgtMENg
mYyfñak; GñkxøH)anBIrfñak; nig GñkxøHeTot)anbIfñak; .
mnusSeyIgBitCaEbøk Gt;TaMgGs;KñaminGVIeT min)anTaMgGs;KñaminGVIeT b:uEnþebI
)anminesµIKñaeT c,as;CaekIterOgehtudUecñH karRKb;RKgmnusSRtUvEtmanc,ab;Tmøab;l¥.
enAeBlEdlKat;manbBaða eTIbmksuMBaküRbwkSaCamYynwgRBHefr³mYyGgÁ RBH
efr³eTIbENnaMfa vaminBi)akeT sUmKUstarag[emIlcuH sUm[RtUvl¥ dl;kRmitl¥ nig
RKb;l¥CabTdæankñúgkarBicarNa .
1¦ GñkEdlmin)aneLIgyss½kþi eRBaHeKeFVIl¥minRtUv CamnusS]sSah_b:uEnþl¶g;
mnusSRbePTenHykesckþIenOyht;mkCaGMeBIl¥ [eLIgtMENgmin)aneT eRBaHCa
mnusSminqøat minGaceTArYceT eRBaHeCaKC½yénkargarmiinGacykkMlaMgejIsQam
mkvas;)aneT .

229
 eRkABIeFVIl¥minRtUvehIy CYnkalk¾eFVI[xUcRbeyaCn_pg minRtUvemedjecj
cat;TukfaRKan;ebIehIy cg;)antMENgGVIeTot Bnül;ehtupl[c,as;las;fa ehtuEdl
min)antemøIgtMENgeRBaHeFVIesckþIl¥min)anRtwmRtUv .
2¦ buKÁlRbePTenH eTaHbIeFVIesckþIl¥)anRtwmRtUv EtminTan;dl;;kRmitl¥ TaMg
eFVIl¥ykmuxeTot GMeBIGaRkk;k¾minfy GMeBIl¥eRkay² k¾mineLIg .
tamBit eTaHbICamnusSqøatbu:nNa b:uEnþmnusSRbePTeFVIl¥RtUvehIy mindl;
kRmitl¥enH CamnusSKYr[xøac eRBaHmnusSRbePTenHeFVIGVIminecHxus b:uEnþcUlcitþ
niyayeRcInCag ebIeFVIkar)aneRcInbnþic k¾RtUveKsresIrfa eFVI)anl¥Nas; ÉGñkdéT
RtUvemsþIbenþaseTAvij BIeRBaHmnusSRbePTenHecHeRbIsMdIsag»kas[xøÜnÉg .
ehtudUecñH ebICYbGñktUcNaEdleFVIeLHeLaHElnln eFVIkar)anmYycMGam
b:uEnþmat;eTAniyayfa)anmYyhtßeT [eyIgeRtomviFIkarBarTukCamun ebImindUecñHeT va
nwgelgeyIgmun)an mnusSEbbenH sUm,IEtRBHsgÇk¾RtUvvaefáaleTas)anEdr .
eRBaHehtuenaH ebIGñkNaeFVIl¥RtUv dl;kRmitl¥ nig RKb;l¥ehIy k¾[temøIg
tMENgeLIgBIrfñak; .
RKan;EteFVIl¥RtUv Etmindl;kRmitl¥ [temøIgtMENgmYyfñak;sin .
GñkEdleFVIl¥minRtUv b:uEnþCamnusS]sSah_Ebbl¶g;exøA [enARtwmb:uNÑwgÉg min
caM)ac;edjecjeT eRBaHva]sSah_k¾l¥ehIy .
b:uEnþGñkEdl]sSah_ehIyeFVIxUcxateRcInCagl¥enaH Kb,IENnaM[eFVIticb:uEnþ[
Kit[eRcIn .
tamEdl)anerobrab;mk[sþab;enH eBl)ansþab;ehIyk¾naMykviFIkarenHeTA
eRbI[)anl¥ ehIyc,as;Canwgyl;dl;c,ab;rbs;kmµplminxan vaminBi)akGVIeT ebIeyIg
)ancab;cMNucRtUvEbbenH KW eFVIl¥[RtUv [dl;dlkRmi
;kRmitl¥ nig [RKb;
RKbl¥;l¥ RtUvRtg;
RtgTI;TkI Enøg
nig eBlevla : .
srubesckþ
esckþImk RBHFmµeTsnarbs;RBHefr³Edl)anelIkykmkGFib,ay[
RbiymitþGñkGanTaMgGs;)antamdanGanenH muxCaCYy[«BukmþayrwtEtmanTMnukcitþ
230
fa eFVIl¥)anl¥eFVIGaRkk;
aRkk); anGaRkk;
anGaRkk; y:agBitR)akd TaMgGacbNþúHbNþalCMenOkmµpl
kñúgcitþrbs;kUnecA)any:aggayRsYlteTA mann½yfa kUnecArbs;eyIgnwgkøayeTACa
mnusSl¥TaMgenAcMeBaHmuxnigkM)aMgmux)any:agBitR)akd .

231
232
 PaKTI 5 beRgonkUn[sÁal;CIvit

viFIeFVITany:ageBjelj

eTaHbICasm½yenH Casm½yEdlmnusSeCOelIviTüasaRsþelIs
GVI² TaMgGs;k¾eday b:uEnþviTüasaRsþk¾minGacBiesaFn_)an BiesaF)anEt
GVIEdlEPñkemIleXIjb:ueNÑaH manGVI² CaeRcInkñúgelakenH EdlEPñk
emIlmineXIj b:uEnþmanenABitEmn TaMgviTüasaRsþk¾minGacBiesaF)an.
]TahrN_dUcCa erOgcitþrbs;mnusSeyIg nigsac;dMuebHdUg
tamBiteTA vaman PaBepSgKña enAeBlEdleyIgekItlMnwkesakseRgg
b¤ xUccitþ sb,aycitþ b¤ eBjcitþ lMnwkrbs;eyIgminEmnecjmkBI
sac;dMuebHdUgeT b:uEnþeyIgmanlMnwkecjmkBIdYgcitþrbs;eyIg TaMgeyIg
k¾mindwgfa dYgcitþrbs;eyIgenaHsßitenARtg;NaeT RKan;Etdwgfa vaenA
CamYynwgragkayrbs;eyIg .
233
 cMENkÉsac;duMebHdUgcat;CaGvyv³müa:grbs;ragkay enAeBlEdlGñkCMgW
ebHdUgRtUveFVIkarvHkat; sm½yenH eBTüGaceFVI[sac;dMuebHdUgQb;elat)an ebIdYg
citþ nigsac;dMuebHdUgCaeQµaHEtmYyeT enAeBlsac;dMuebHdUgQb;elat GñkCMgWenaH
Kg;nwgsøab;eTAehIy b:uEnþRKan;EtvHkat;ehIy eBTük¾eFVI[sac;duMebHdUgenaHRtLb;mk
elatvijCaFmµta enHsEmþg[eXIjfa sac; sacdM;dueM bHdUg nig dYgcitþ rbs;mnusSeyIg
mindUcKñaeT .
\LÚvenH viTüasaRsþenAminTan;BiesaF)anfa dYgcitþrbs;mnusSmanrUbragEbb
NaeT nig manenARtg;kEnøgNaeT b:uEnþeyIgGacdwg)anfa dYgcitþmanenA eRBaHfa
ebIminmandYgcitþeT ERbfa eyIgsøab;beTAehI
;eTAehIy .
eRkABIenH tamkarsikSaRBHéRtbidkkñúgerOgepSg² eFVI[eyIgeXIjfa erOgmYy
cMnYnRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;)anRtas;TukmunGñkviTüasaRsþBiesaF)aneTAeTot .
dUcCa erOgcRkvaL RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;)anRtas;Tukrab;Ban;²qñaMmkehIy fa
kñúgGvkasminEmnmanEtcRkvaLmYyeT enAmancRkvaLeRcInrab;minGs;eTot ehAfa
GnnþcRkvaL b:uEnþGñkviTüasaRsþeTIbEtRsavRCavrkeXIjBitR)akd minTan;dl;mYy
ryqñaMpg .
erOgbuNük¾dUcKñaEdr GñkNaEdlRbjab;bdiesFbuNüfa minmanBit GñkenaH
KYrEtBiesaFn_[eXIjCak;EsþgCamunsin eRBaHbuNüCaerOgEdlTak;TgnwgxøÜneyIg Ca
erOgEdll¥itsaMjaMCagGvkaseTAeTot eRBaHGvkasGacemIleXIj)anedayEPñk
b:uEnþbuNü eTaHbICaeyIgemIlmineXIjk¾eday k¾eyIgmanlMnwkdwg)antamry³dYgcitþ
edIm,IesckþIminRbmaTeTVeFVs eyIgKb,ItaMgcitþeFVITanTMnukbRmugRBHBuT§sasna
ebImaneBlevla sUm[sakl,gGanRBHéRtbidkxøH eyIgnwg)anRbeyaCn_eRcIneTot
BIRBHBuT§sasna minEmnRtwmEtCaBuT§sasnikCnkñúgesovePARKYsarenaHeT .
t,itesµr´manesckþIyl;eXIjEbbenH eTIbminh‘anbdiesFeTAelICMenObuNü
nig )ab eRBaHbuNüKWCaplénkareFVIGMeBIl¥ CaeKalkarN_EdlmanehtuplQrenAelI
RKwHsßanénc,ab;kmµpl ehIyEdlmansarsMxan;enaH KW enAeBlCIvitrbs;eyIgFøak;eTA
234
kñúgPaBGasnñGn;Rk/ GVIEdleyIgGacBwgGaRs½y)antampøÚvcitþenaH minEmnviTüasaRsþ
esdæsaRsþ mnusSsaRsþ b¤ rdæsaRsþenaHeT b:uEnþeyIgGacBwgGaRs½yBuT§saRsþ)an
mann½yfa BwgGaRs½yGMeBIl¥rbs;xøÜnEdl)aneFVITukenaHÉg .
tamehtuplenH eTIb)ansikSaRsavRCavBIerOgeFVIbuNüteTAeTotnigk¾)anCYb
cemøIy :erOgkareFV
erOgkareFVIbuNü[ü[RtUvviFI : BIesovePAmYyk,almaneQµaHfa RBHefr³
:RBHefr³eqøIy
RBHefr
tbbBaða : Edl)anGFib,ayBIkareFVIbuNüy:ageBjelj .
kareFVIbuNükñúgRBHBuT§sasna RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;Rtas;fa man 3 y:ag KW
kar[
kar[Tan karrkSasIl nig karceRmInPavna
1>kar[Tan )andl; karlHbg;RTBüEdlmanRbeyaCn_dl;buKÁlEdlKYrnwg
TTYledaymineFVI[xøÜnÉgekþARkhay CaTUeTA Gñkkan;RBHBuT§sasnaniymeFVIbuNü
[TanCamYynwgRBHPikçúsgÇpg GñkmansIlpgCaRbcaM .
2>karrkSasIl KW karsMrYmkay vaca min[eFVIGMeBIekþARkhaydl;xøÜnÉg
nigGñk déT y:agehacNas;k¾RtUvrkSasIl 5 Caerogral;éf¶Edr .
RbsinebIman»kasenAéf¶ekar éf¶sIl b¤ éf¶EdlsRmakBIkargarRbcaMs)aþh_
BuT§sasnikniymrkSasIl 8 edIm,I[)anbuNüekIneLIgEfmeTot GñkxøHGacsRmb[
smRsbCamYynwgGaCIvkmµkargarEdlxøÜnkMBugEteFVIedayrkSasIl 8 CaRbcaMkñúgéf¶
NamYyral;² 7 éf¶ .
3>karceRmInPavna )andl; karbMeBjbuNüedayGb;rMcitþ[brisuT§CasmaFi
edaykareronFm’ nig sURtmnþfVaybgÁMRBH edIm,I[citþs¶b; pUrpg; s¥ats¥an ral;²raRtI
muneBlcUleKg y:agehacNas;mYyyb; 20 naTI b¤ 1 em:ag .
CaTUeTA kareFIVbuNüTaMg 3 y:agenH BuT§sasnikbdibtþimkCaerOy² fa
RBwkNa minTan;
Tan[; TaneT RBwkenaHenAminTan; TanhU;hbU )ayeLIy
éf¶Na minTan;
TantaM;taMgcitþrkSasIleT
leT éf¶enaHk¾enAminTan;
TanecjBI
;ecjBIpÞHEdr
yb;
ybNa;Na enAminTan;
TansU;sRU tmnþ ceRmInsmaFiPavnaeT yb; ybenaHk¾
;enaHk¾mincUleKgEdr
235
 enAeBlCIvitrbs;eyIgFøak;eTAkñúgPaBGasnñGn;Rk/
GVIEdleyIgGacBwgGaRs½y)antampøÚvcitþenaHminEmn
viTüasaRsþ esdæsaRsþ mnusSsaRsþ b¤ rdæsaRsþenaHeT
b:uEnþeyIgGacBwgGaRs½yBuT§saRsþ)anmann½yfaBwg
GaRs½yGMeBIl¥rbs;xøÜnEdl)aneFVITukenaHÉg

enAeBl)anbMeBjbuNüCaRbcaMEbbenHehIy CaesckþIsgÇwmmYyfaCIvitBitCa
minFøak;Gn;fyeLIy GnaKtnwgmanPaBrIkceRmIn GVImYyEdlxøÜn)anR)afñak¾nwg)an
seRmcTan;citþedayGMNacrbs;buNüEdl)anbMeBjmkl¥ehIy TaMg 3 y:agEdl)an
GFib,aymkBIxagedIm .
RbkarsMxan;an; KW viFIeFVIbuNüTaMg 3 RbkarenHCakareFVIcitþ[pUrpg;
pg; b¤ tam
lMdab;
ablM;leM day[)
day[)anx
[)anx<
anxs< eLI
;eLIg
ehtuGVI)anCaRtUveFVIcitþ[pUrpg;
pg; ? eRBaHfa mnusSeyIgebImancitþpUrpg;ehIy
k¾manGarmµN_l¥ enAeBlmanGarmµN_l¥ k¾Kitl¥ niyayl¥ nig eFVIl¥tmk .
CMhandMbUgénkareFVIbuNü KYrcab;epþImedaykar[Tan .
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;)anRtas;fa kar[TanEdlnwg)anbuNüeRcIn RtUv[Tan
RKb;GgÁTaMg 4 Rbkar KW

236
 1>vtßúbrisuT§ )andl; rbs;rbrEdl[TanCarbs;)anmkedaykmøaMgejIs
QamxøÜnÉg minEmn)anmkedaykare)akR)as;GñkepSgeT .
2>ectnabrisuT§ )andl; manesckþItaMgcitþkñúgkar[Tan edIm,Ikm©at;bg;
esckþIkMNaj; Gatµaniym smøab;elaP³ecal minR)afñacg;)anlaP ys sresIr
CaplkéRm b:uEnþmanesckþItaMgcitþkñúgkarlHecj edIm,I[ekItCabuNükuslBitR)akd
nigmanesckþInwksgÇwmdl;buNü minEmnCaelaP³eT sUm[BicarNaEvkEjk[)anl¥
eRBaHfa ykesckþIkMNaj;ecjBIcitþehIyykbuNümkdak;kñúgcitþCMnYsvij .
3>Gñk[brisuT§ GñkEdl)an[TanenaH y:agehacNas;k¾RtUvmansIl 5
Edr CaBiessmuneBl[k¾mancitþRCHføa rIkray eBlkMBug[k¾enAEtmancitþRCHføa
dEdl eRkayeBl[rYcehIy k¾mancitþRss;Rsay minnwksþayeRkayeLIy .
4>GñkTTYlbrisuT§ dUcCa RbsinebICaPikçúsgÇk¾CaPikçúsgÇGs;kiels b¤ k¾Ca
RBHGrhnþ EdlnwgeFVI[)anbuNüeRcInCaBiess EfmTaMg)anbuNürYsran;Tan;EPñk
eXIjeTot min)ac;rg;caMdl;CatixagmuxeTb¤ y:agehacNas;ebIelakminTan;Gs;kiels
b:uEnþkMBugbdibtþiFm’y:agp©itp©g; edIm,Ikm©at;kiels ebICaRKhsßvij k¾CaRKhsßEdlman
sIlKWxøÜnrkSal¥ehIy .
RBHsmµsm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;)ancat;rUbEbbkñúgkar[Tany:agcuHrebob nig man
CeRmAeTACalMdab; .
KMrUénplkñúgkar[Tanrbs;buKÁlxøHEdlRTg;dMNalR)ab;dl;RBHsgÇsav½kCa
erOy² eyIgeXIjfa buNüEdlekItecjBIkar[Tannwg)anpleRcIn b¤ tic GaRs½yeTA
elIGgÁFatuénkar[TanTaMg 4 y:agfamancitþbrisuT§ticb¤eRcIny:agNa ?
RbsinebImancitþbrisuT§eRcInk¾)anbuNüeRcIn CaBiess ebIcitþbrisuT§mutmaM/ Ebb
mancitþeq<aHRtg;tRmg;mKÁplniBVanehIy nig )anplbuNüCaBiesseTAeTot/ RbePT
)anpleXIjTan;nwgEPñk ebIcg;c,as;EfmeTot sUm[GñkGanTaMgGs;KñaeTAGanRBH

237
éRtbidkEpñksutþnþbidk dUcCa xuTÞknikay vimanvtßú CaedIm ehIysaksegátemIlpg fa
dUcEdlRBHefr³eFVIesckþIsegátEdrb¤eT ?
karEdlelIkykTinñn½yBIesovePA{RBHefr
RBHefr³
RBHefr³eqøIysMNYr}mksresrerobrab;enATI
enH sgÇwmfa RbiymiRtGñkGannwgyl;c,as;GMBIkareFVIbuNüxøH² y:agehacNas;
k¾eFVI[eyIgminRbmaTeTVeFVskñúgkarsnSMbuNü nig bNþúHbNþalkUnecArbs;eyIg [ecH
snSMbuNütaMgBIenAtUcRkUcqµar BIeRBaHebInaTIcugeRkaybg¥s;rbs;CIvitQancUl mkdl;
eTaHCamancMeNHdwgbu:nNa cb;briBaØab½Rtbu:nµansaxak¾eday b:uEnþnaTIcugeRkaybg¥s;
eyIgk¾RtUvBwgGaRs½ybuNükuslEdleyIgsnSMmkedayxøÜnÉghñwgÉg .
}buNüBMumanlk;
anlkenAelI
;enAelITIpSareT buE: nþebIR)afñacg;
cg); anRtUveFVIedayxøÜnÉg}
Ég}

238
239
 PaKTI 5 beRgonkUn[sÁal;CIvit

bNþúHkUnecA[ecHrkSasIl 5 CaRbRktI

vaminRCuleBkeT ebIeRbonRbedAkUnecA[CamnusSmansIl 5
hñwg KWCatYnaTIrbs;»Bukmþayd_sMxan;bMput EdlRtUvTTYlxusRtUvdl;
kUnecAnigsgÁm erOghñwgGacykCakar)anfa CakarkMNt;eCaKvasna
rbs;kUnecA nig RbeTsCatiedayédrbs;«BukmþayEtmþg ehtuGVI)anCa
erOgenHmansar³
erOgenHmansar³sMxan;anemø
;emøH ?
240
beRgon[EtTenÞjsIl 5 Etmin)anbeRgon[rkSasIl
vaCakarEbøkmYykñúgsgÁmBuT§sasnikCn KW eyIgTenÞjsIl 5 )anfa manGVIxøH
b:uEnþenAeBlEdleKsYreTAfa sIlKWCaGVI ? k¾eqøIymin)an .
ebIcas;² eqøIymin)anfasIlKWCaGVI ehIynwg[ekµgCMnan;eRkayemIleXIj
esckþIsMxan;rbs;karrkSasIldUcemþceTA ?
kalebImansßankarN_EbbenH karminmansIlkøayeTACaerOgFmµta RKan;Et
manGñkNataMgcitþrkSasIl k¾RtUv)aneKsmøwgemIlfaCamnusSxusRbRktI GñkEdltaMg
citþrkSasIl 5 Gs;eTACaerOy²kñúgRkumRKYsarRBHBuT§sasna fVIebICaerOgEdll¥k¾
eday EdldUntarbs;eyIg)anGb;rMmkCayUrGEgVgehIy .
enAeBlekµgCMnan;eRkayxVHkarGb;rMerOgsIl 5 mkBIpÞH ehIyKµanGMNt;Gt;Fn;
cMeBaHkarGUsTajrbs;sgÁm k¾eTAbgábBaðavaytb;Kña qk;bøn; lk;xøÜn kuhke)ak R)as;
lk;fñaMejon ejonfñaMejon nig manbBaðaCaeRcIneTot køayeTACaGñksagbBaðadl;
sgÁmeLIg cas;²k¾bEnßmbBaðaBIelIenaHeTAeTotfa enHCakMhusxus qÁgrbs; rbsekµ ;ekµg
[ekµgCaGñkEkedayxøÜnÉg .
enAeBlekµg²EkrYcehIy EtRkumRKYsarenaHk¾enAEtminTan;bNþúHbNþalsIl 5
[kUndEdl RKan;EtedaHElgekµg[eTApÞHvij minyUr ekµgk¾eTAbgákþIkþaMdUcBIedIm b¤
elIsedImeTAeTot bBaðaenaHk¾enAEtman ehIyekµg²FMeLIg k¾køayCamnusScas;Edl
manbBaða nig CaGñkbgábBaðadl;sgÁmCaerOy² .
ebIminRtLb;eTAedaHRsayedImehtueT KW RkumRKYsarnImYy² RtUvGb;GbrM;rkM UnecA
[mansIl eyIgnwgminGacbBa©b;bBaðasgÁmEdlmaneRcIneLIgCaerOy² )aneT .

sIl 5 Edl»BukmþayKYryl;dwg
karbeRgonkUnecA[mansIl 5 rbs;RkumRKYsarnImYy² cat;TukCakarTTYl
xusRtUvd_FMbMputrbs;«BukmþayEdlGacCYyedaHRsaysgÁm)an .
241
 b:uEnþkarEdl«BukmþaybeRgonkUnecA[mansIl 5 )anenaH «BukmþayRtUvman
karyl;dwgCamunfa
1> sIlKWCaGVI ?
2> sIl 5 Tak;
TakTgnw
;TgnwgPaBRbRktIrbs;bsmnu
;mnusSdUcemþc ?
3> ebIrkSasIl 5 minRKb;
RKbnw;ngw xusPaBRbRktIrbs;
bsmnu
;mnusSb¤eT ?

sIl KWCaGVI ?
sIl ERbfa RbRktI
RbRkt
GVI² TaMgGs;RtUvEtmanPaBRbRktIrbs;xøÜnÉg rdUvePøogRtUvEtmanePøogFøak;CaRb
RktI b:uEnþebIrdUvePøogEbrCaekþA minmanePøogFøak;eT hñwgÉgvaxusPaBRbRktI b¤PaB
RbRktIrbs;stVesHRtUvEtQrminedkeT ebIeXIjesHedkenAeBlNa hñwgvaBitCa
QWehIy .
ehtudUecñaHehIy Gtßn½yénkarbdibtþirbs;sIslI y:agBitR)akd k¾KW karRKb;
karRKbRKg
;RKg
xøÜnÉg[
Ég[eTAtamPaBRbRktIrbs; bsmnu
;mnusS mineFVI[ekþARkhaydl;
Rkhaydlxø;xÜnø Ég nig GñkdéT .

GVIeTACaPaBRbRktIrbs;mnusS ?
PaBRbRktIrbs;mnusSEdlsMxan;man 5 Rbkar KW
1> PaBRbRktIrbs;
bsmnu;mnusS Kw minsmøab;bstV
;stV
ebIéf¶NamYymankarsmøab; éf¶enaHÉg Kw xusPaBRbRktIrbs;mnusS b:uEnþ
cUleTAkñúgPaBRbRktIrbs;stV dUcCa xøa xøaXµúM RtI RkeBI . l . vasmøab;KñaCaRbRktI
eRBaHehtudUecñaHehIy edIm,IrkSaPaBRbRktIrbs;mnusSTuk sIlxTI xTI 1 eTIbekIteLIg
mnusSminRtUvmankarsmøab;b; .

242
 2> PaBRbRktIrbs;bsmnu
;mnusSminRtUvlYc
PaBRbRktIrbs;stV eBlsIucMNI vadeNþImKñasuI lYcKñasIu dl;eBlsuIcMNIkal
Na stVEqáRtUvxaMKñaCaRbRktI b:uEnþmnusSmindUecñaHeT ehtudUecñHehIy edIm,IrkSa
PaBRbRktIrbs;mnusSTuk sIlxTI 2 eTIbekIteLIg mnusSminRtUvlYc minBukrlYy nig
minekgRbv½Ba©rbs;
bseKeLI
;eKeLIy .
3> PaBRbRktIrbs; bsmnu
;mnusSminRtUvRbRBwtþxuskñúgkam
PaBRbRktIrbs;stVminecHhamR)amcitþ[eBjcitþcMeBaHEtKURKgrbs;xøÜneT
kalebIdl;rdUvbnþBUC stVEtgmankarts‘UdENþmjIeQµalKñaCaRbRktI CYnkalvaxaMKña
rhUtdl;søab;eTotpg b:uEnþPaBRbRktIrbs;mnusSmindeNþImKURKgrbs;GñkNaeT eBj
citþcMeBaHEtKURKgrbs;xøÜnb:ueNÑaH ehtudUecñHehIy edIm,IrkSaPaBRbRktIrbs;mnusSTuk
sIlxTI 3 eTIbekIteLIg mnusSminRtUvRbRBwtþxuskñúgkameT .
4> PaBRbRktIrbs;
bsmnu
;mnusSminRtUvniyayku
aykuhk
PaBRbRktIrbs;stV kalebIenACamYyKña vaGacnwgbgáeRKaHfñak;dl;KñaRKb;eBl
evla b:uEnþPaBRbRktIrbs;mnusS KW niyayRtg;eTARtg;mk manPaBesµaHRtg;dl;
KñanwgKña ebImanGñkNakuhke)akR)as;lak; k¾xusRbRktI ehtudUecñHehIy edIm,IrkSa
PaBRbRktIrbs;mnusSTuk sIlxTIxTI 4 eTIbekIteLIg mnusSminRtUvniyaykuhkeT .
5> PaBRbRktIrbs;
bsmnu
;mnusSminRtUvpwkTwkRsvwgEdlnaM[ekIteTaseLIy
PaBRbRktIrbs;stVvamankmøaMgxøaMgCagmnusS b:uEnþstVBuMmanstisµartIkñúgkar
RKb;RKgkmøaMgxøÜnÉg)an[RtwmRtUv ehtudUcenaH vaminGacpøas;bþÚrkmøaMgkay [køay
CakmøaMgGMeBIl¥)aneT manEtPaBsahaveTAtamGarmµN_rbs;va dUcCa dMrI esH eKa
RkbI eTaHbIvamankmøaMgeRcIn vaminEdlbeBa©jkmøaMgeTArkGahar edIm,IciBa©wmem)a
rbs;vaeT .

243
 ÉmnusSmankmøaMgticCagstV b:uEnþGaRs½yeTAelIsµartIrwgmaM eTIbGacCYy[
kmøaMgexSayenaHkøayeTACakmøaMgénGMeBIl¥ dUcCa manktBaØÚktevTI enAeBlFMeLIg
k¾ciBa©wm«Bukmþay)an .
stiCaFmµCatisVitsVajmaMmYn eTaHbIGt;)aymYyéf¶ stik¾enAEtl¥Edr eFVI
kargarmYyExmin)ansRmak stik¾enAl¥ edkQWenAelIERKmYyqñaM stik¾enAl¥ b:uEnþ
stiEbrCaTn;;exSay ebIeTApwkRsa esBfñaMejon pwkRsaRKan;EtknøHEkvk¾GaceFVI[
stiGñkpwkenaHvEgVgedaymindwgxøÜnh‘ansmøab;GñkmanKuN)an Gs;smtßPaBkñúgkar
eRbIkmøaMgkay[eTACakmøaMgesckþIl¥)an ehtudUcenaH GñkEdlcUlcitþpwkRsanwgman
stixusRbRktImansPaBRbhak;RbEhlnwgstVRKb;eBlevla .
eRBaHehtudUecñaHehIy edIm,IrkSaPaBRbRktIrbs;mnuusSTuk sIlxTI 5 eTIb
ekIteLIg PaBRbRktIrbs; bsmnu
;mnusSminRtUvpwkeRKOgRsvwgEdlnaM[maneTas .
sIlTaMg 5 x KW
1> minsmøab;bstV
;stV
2> minlYcRTBüeK
3> minRbRBwtþxuskñúgkam
4> minniyaykuhk
5> minpwkeRKOgRsvwg
sIlTaMg 5 xenHekIteLIgedaysamBaØlMnwknigekItRBmCamYynwgelakenH
edIm,IrkSaPaBsuxsanþRbRktIrbs;mnusSTuk .

rkSasIl 5 minRKb; etIvanwgeTACay:agNa ?

sIl 5 manmunBuT§kalmkemøH RBHsmµasm<úT§RTg;ykmkbBa©ÚlkñúgRBHBuT§
sasnanigRtas;Bnül;dl;PaBcaM)ac;kñúgkarmansIl 5 eRkABIenH sIl 5 eRbICargVas;
vas;PaBCamnusS)anpg enaHKW

244
 RbsinebI»Bukmþaymincab;GarmµN_kñúgkarbgðat;beRgon
kUnecA [rkSasIl 5 eT esckþIsgÇwmEdlnwgkat;
bnßybBaðarbs;sgÁm cg;eXIjkUnecAkøayCamnusSl¥min
bgáesckþIekþARkhaydl;xøÜnÉg nig GñkdéT k¾nwgkøayCa
esckþIsgÇwmEdlesaHkeRkaH revIrvayterogeTAeRBaHlT§pl
cugeRkay RkumRKYsarNamincab;GarmµN_kñúgkarbeRgonkUn
[mansIl 5 eT RkumRKYsarenaH KWCaTIkEnøgsagbBaða
EpñksIlFm’[qabeqHdl;sgÁmterogeTA

RbsinebIéf¶NaeyIgmansIlRKb; 5 x sEmþgfa éf¶enaHeyIgmanPaBCamnusS

RKb; 100° .
ebImansIlsl; 4 x PaBCamnusSk¾enAsl; 80° cUleTAstV 20° .
ebImansIlsl; 3 x PaBCamnusSk¾enAsl; 60°cUleTAstV 40° .
ebImansIlsl; 2 x PaBCamnusSk¾enAsl; 40°cUleTAstV 60° .
ebImansIlsl; 1 x PaBCamnusSk¾enAsl; 20°cUleTAstV 80° .
ebIdac;sIlTaMgGs; k¾Gs;PaBCamnusSEdr Gs;esckþIs¶b; Gs;esckþIsux
eTaHbICamanCIvitrs;enAk¾dUcCamnusSsøab;eTAehIy esckþIl¥mYyNak¾minGaclUtlas;
)anEdr manCIvitrs;enARKan;EteFVIesckþIekþARkhaydl;xøÜnÉgnigGñkepSgb:ueNÑaH .

245
 edIm,IrkSaPaBCamnusS[)anl¥ caM)ac;RtUvrkSasIl[esµInwgCIvit b:uEnþRtUv
GaRs½ybBaØamkCYypgedIm,IgayRsYlrkSa .
b:uEnþbc©úb,nñenH GñkeFVIxussIlkøayCanisS½yRbRktIeTAehIy mancMnYneRcIn
eTA² manmnusSCaeRcIneXIjGñkmansIlkøayeTACamnusSxusRbRktIeTAehIy enA
eBleXIjdUecñH RbeTseyIgBIedImmkFøab;EtmanesckþIsuxsanþ EbrCamanvibtþi dUcCa
mankarkab;smøab;Kañ ekgRbv½Ba©Kña nig RbRBwtþxuskñúgkam . l . rhUtdl;RbCaCn
edkbiTEPñkminCiteTAehIy eyIgkMBugEtrg;caM[GñkNamYymkCYyBnøt;vibtþiTaMgenH
b:uEnþminmanRBH)aTFmµikNamYymkCYyeyIg)aneLIy eRkAEtBIxøÜnÉgCYyxøÜnÉg .
RbsinebI»Bukmþaymincab;GarmµN_kñúgkarbgðat;beRgonkUnecA[rkSasIl 5 eT
esckþIsgÇwmEdlnwgkat;bnßybBaðarbs;sgÁm cg;eXIjkUnecAkøayCamnusSl¥ minbgá
esckþIekþARkhaydl;xøÜnÉg nig GñkdéT nwgkøayCaesckþIsgÇwmEdlesaHkeRkaHrevI
rvayterogeTA eRBaHlT§plcugeRkay RkumRKYsarNamincab;GarmµN_kñúgkar beRgon
kUn[mansIl 5 eT RkumRKYsarenaHKWCaTIkEnøgsagbBaðaEpñksIlFm’[qabeqHdl;
sgÁmterogeTA .
ehtudUecñH sUmbBa¢ak;kfa;fa karbeRgonkUn[mansIl 5 CaRbRktI cat;catTu;Tku faCa
tYnaTId¾sMxan;anrbs;
;rbs»Bu
rbs ;»BukmþayEdlman\
yEdlman\T§iBleTAelIeCaKvasnarbs
CaKvasnarbs;
snarbskU;knU ecA nig esßrPaB
kñúgsgÁm .

246
\

247
 PaKTI 5 beRgonkUn[sÁal;CIvit

viFIGFib,aysIl 5 [ekµg²qab;yl;

RKamYy ´man»kas)aneXIjkarbeRgonsIl 5 [ekµg² qab;

yl;rbs;RBHefr³mYyrUb eBlenaH´manGarmµN_fa eBjcitþy:agxøaMg
eTIbsUmelIkykBaküeRbonRbedA rbs;elakmkCRmabCUn ERkgela
Gs;elakGñkCa»Bukmþay)aneRbICameFüa)aykñúg karbgðat;beRgonsIl
5 dl;kUnecArbs;xøÜn.

sIl 5 manedImkMeNItmkBINa ?
éf¶mYy RBHefr³sEmþgRBHFm’eTsnaGMBImUldæanRKwHd¾sMxan;bMput
kñúgCIvitrbs; eyIg KW erOgsIl 5 [ekµg² )ansþab; .

248
 minmanGñkNamYydwgfa GñkNaCaGñkkMNt;sIl 5 enaHeT b:uEnþRKan;Etdwgfa
enAeBlRBHsmµasm<úT§]b,tþeLIgkñúgelakenH sIl 5 k¾manmuneTAehIy RBHsmµasm<úT§
RTg;Rbkasfa sIl 5enH BitCaRtwmRtUvehIyl¥Nas;GñkTaMgGs;KñaRtUvEtrkSa[)an .
kUn ² dwgeTfa sIl 5 manGVIxøH ?
1¦ minsmøab;bstV
;stV
2¦ minlYcRTBüeK
3¦ minRbRBwtþxuskñúgkam
4¦ minniyaykuhk
5¦ minpwkTwkRsvwg
éf¶enH GatµanwgmkGFib,aybEnßmerOgsIsIl 5 [kUn ² )ansþab; enAeBleK
kMNt;sIl 5 mkkñúgelakenH etIeKeFVIy:agNa ? edIm,Ifa enAeBlkUn ² FMeLIgehIy
ebIéf¶NamYyeTAxwgGñkNa eTaHxwgstV b¤ mnusSk¾eday ehIyk¾Kitcg;eTAsmøab;CIvit
stV k¾nwgGachamcitþxøÜnÉg)an .

sIlxTI 1 minsmøab;stV ekIteLIg)andUcemþc ?

RBHefr³ ³ munnwgeqøIysMNYrenH sUmsYreTAkUn² fa etInrNaEdlkUn²RsLaj;Ca
TIbMputkñúgCIvitrbs;kUn² ? CYyeqøIybnþiceTAemIl_>>>>
ekµg ³ KW )a:mak;rbs;´kNa>>>
RBHefr³ ³ cuHmanGVIEdlkUn² RsLaj;CagenaHeToteT ?
ekµg ³ manEdrkNa¡ KW RsLaj;xøÜnÉg .
RBHefr³ ³ BitCaRtwmRtUvehIy mnusSRKb;KñaBitCaRsLaj;xøÜnÉgCaTIbMput sUm
sYreTotfa stVTa stVman; vaRsLaj;CIvitrbs;vab¤eT ?
ekµg ³ RsLaj;Edr kNa¡
RBHefr³ ³ c,as;kñúgcitþeT ?
249
 ekµg ³ kNa>>>c,as;kñúgcitþ
RBHefr³ ³ ehtuGI)anCac,as;kñúgcitþ? ehtuGI)anCaKitfa stVman;stVTava
RsLaj;CIvitrbs;va ? vaR)ab;kUn² b¤ ?
ekµg ³ vamin)anR)ab;eT
RBHefr³ ³ cuHkUn² dwgmkBINa fa stVman;stVTavaRsLaj;CIvitrbs;va ?
ekµg ³ enAeBlmaneKrkcab;va vak¾rt;eKc
RBHefr³ ³ BitNas; BIeRBaHstVk¾dUcCamnusSeyIgEdr enAeBlmanGñkNamkrk
smøab; vak¾rt;eKcxøÜn vaniyayPasaeyIgmin)an b:uEnþGakar³rbs;vaEdlsEmþgecj
R)ab;[eyIgdwg fa vak¾RsLaj;CIvitrbs;va RKan;EtmanGñkNamkrksmøab;va vak¾rt;
eKcecj fVIebIniyayPasaeyIgmin)an b:uEnþGakar³rbs;vaR)ab;[eyIgdwg/ eyIg
RsLaj;CIviteyIgbu:nNa man;Ta vak¾RsLaj;CIvitrbs;vab:ueNÑaHEdr eRkABIman;Ta k¾enA
manRCUkqµaeTot etIvaRsLaj;CivitvaEdreT ?
ekµg ³ RsLaj;Edr
RBHefr³ ³ eRBaHfa mnusSeyIgk¾RsLaj;CIvitxøÜnÉg RCUk qµa enAeBlmanGñkNa
mkvayva smøab;va vak¾rt;eKcePosxøÜn sEmþgfa vak¾RsLaj;CIvitrbs;vaEdr eRBaHfa
mnusSRKb;KñanigstVRKb;RbePTsuT§EtRsLaj;CIviterog²xøÜn xøacsøab;TaMgGs;enAkñúg
elakenH minmanGñkNaminxøacsøab;eT minmanGñkNaminRsLaj;CIvitxøÜnÉgeT
ehtudUecñH GñkmancitþFm’TaMgLay GñkmanstibBaØaBitR)akd eTIbGnum½tCaÉkcänÞ fa
nrNak¾edayk¾RsLaj;CIvitrbs;xøÜnÉg GñkNak¾edayk¾minRtUvsmøab;stV sIlxTI 1
eTIbekIteLIgfa minRtUvsmøab;bstV
;stVeT .

sIlxTI 2 minlYcrbs;eK ekIteLIg)andUemþc ?

RBHefr³ ³ RKaenH mancMNucKYrKitEdleFVI[kUn² RtUvKitteTAeTotfa eBlevla
knøgeTACaerogral;éf¶hñwg kUn² rs;)anedayGaRs½yGVIxøH ?
eqøIy ³ Gakas )ay Twk
250
 eqøIy ³ fñaMrkSaeraK
eqøIy ³ sMelokbMBak; TIsñak;GaRs½y
eqøIy ³ masR)ak;
RBHefr³ ³ GVI² EdlkUn² )aneqøIymkenHBitCaRtwmRtUvehIy mYyéf¶² Edlknøg
eTA eTaHbIBYkeyIgkMBugEtsikSaeronsUFü enAminTan;manGaCIBk¾eday b:uEnþ)a:ma:k;rbs;
kUnk¾rkGVImk[?
1> rksMelokbMBak; ak;
2> rkGahar
3> rkTIsñak;kGaRs½
;GaRs½y
4> rkfñaMEkeraK
TaMgGs;enHPasarbs;RBHsgÇehAfa bc©½y 4 KW bc©½yTaMg 4 RbkarhñwgEdl
mnusSRtUvGaRs½yCasm,tþiedIm,IciBa©wmCIvit .
eRkABIbc©½yTaMg 4 enHk¾enAmanrbs;rbrepSg²eTot ]TahrN_ eRkABIpÞHEdl
eyIgrs;enAehIy k¾RtUvmanrbs;eRbIR)as;enAkñúgpÞHrYmTaMgRTnab;eCIgrbs;kUn²pg eTaH
bIvaminEmneRKOgesøokBak; b:uEnþeyIgRtUveRbIvaedIm,IeTAsalaeronerogral;éf¶ CIvit
rbs;mnusSeTIbrs;enA)anedayGaRs½yRTBüsm,tþi .
mþgenH cg;sYrfa sIlxTI 2 ekIteLIgmkdUcemþc ? ekIteLIgeRBaHRKb;CIvitrs;
enA)anedayGaRs½yRTBüsm,tþi ebImanGñkNaykRTBüsm,tþirbs;kUn²eTAGs;ehIy
kUn²rs;enA)aneT ?
eqøIy ³ kNa rs;enAmin)aneT
RBHefr³ ³ rs;enAmin)aneT RbsinebIeKminsmøab;eyIgeT b:uEnþeKlYcRTBüsm,tþi
rbs;eyIgeTA eKdutbMpøajsm,tþirbs;eyIgGs; eyIgk¾minGacrs;enA)anEdr ehtudUecñH
sIlxTI 2 eTIbekIteLIgmk GñkNak¾edayk¾minRtUvlYcRTBüsm,tþirbs;eKEdr eRBaHfa
GñkNa² k¾RtUveRbIR)as;RTBüsm,tþiedIm,IciBa©wmCIvitrbs;eKEdr/ enHÉgCaedImkMeNIt
rbs;sIlxTI 2 .
251
sIlxTI 3 minRbRBwtþxuskñúgkam ekIteLIg)andUcemþc ?
enAeBleKminsmøab; minlYcRTBüsm,tþieyIgeTA eyIgKYrEtrs;enA)any:agsuxsanþ
b:uEnþebIeKRtUvkarykrbs;EdleyIgRsLaj;eBjcitþeTA mkdeNþImykrbs;EdleyIg
RsLaj;eTA cuHrbs;EdleyIgRsLaj;CagRTBüsm,tþienaHmanGVIxøH ?
1> sVamI
2> Priya
3> kUn
eRBaHehtuenaH GñkmancitþFm’TaMgLayeTIbkMNt;bTbBaØtþixenHeLIgfa Gñk
Na²k¾edayminRtUvmkdeNþImrbs;EdlmankmµsiT§rYcehIyenaH Kw minRtUvRbRBwtþxus
kñúgkamhñwgÉg enHÉgCaedImkMeNItrbs;sIlxTI 3 .

sIlxTI 4 minniyaykuhk ekIteLIg)andUcemþc ?

RKaenH manerOgmYycg;pþaMepJIkUn² RKb;Kña KWfa kñúgCIvitrbs;eyIg minmanGñk
NaeTEdleyIgRsLaj;Gs;BIdYgcitþ )a:ma:k;eyIgk¾eKarBRsLaj; mitþP½RkeyIgk¾
RsLaj;xøaMgEdr bgk¾eyIgRsLaj; RKUk¾eyIgRsLaj; suT§EteyIgRsLaj; fVIebI
eyIgR)ab;fa eyIgRsLaj;CaTIbMputkñúgelak b:uEnþebIdwgfa enAeBlNa mnusSTaMgGs;
enaHxVHPaBesµaHRtg;CamYynwgeyIg vak¾GaceFVI[eyIgElgRsLaj;)anEdr GVIeTAKWCa
eRKOgbBa¢ak;[eyIgeXIjfa BYkeKxVHPaBesµaHRtg;cMeBaHeyIg KW karniyaykuhk
hñwgÉg .
RBHefr³ ³ kUn² manbgeT ?
eqøIy ³ manca+
RBHefr³ ³ ebIkUn²dwgfa bgKat;niyaykuhk niyayminesµaHRtg;CamYyeyIg kUn
cUlcitþeT ?
eqøIy ³ mincUlcitþeT
252
 RBHefr³ ³ cuHebIkUn²niyaykuhkCamYybg etIbgcUlcitþkUn²eT ?
eqøIy ³ mincUlcitþca+
RBHefr³ ³ sYrRtg;²eTAcuH faetIkUn²Føab;niyaykuhkCamYynwgbgeT ?
eqøIy ³ Føab;ca+
RBHefr³ ³ caMTukNa+kUn nrNak¾edayEdleyIgRsLaj; ebIeKniyaykuhkCamYy
nwgeyIg eyIgk¾Qb;RsLaj; ehIyebIkUnniyaykuhk;CamYynwgeK
eKk¾Qb;RsLaj; eyIgEdr .
ehtudUecñH sUmkUn² caMTukNa+ BIeRBaHnrNak¾edayk¾RtUvkarPaBesµaHRtg;Edr
nrNak¾edayk¾minRtUvniyaykuhkeKeT enHCaedImkMeNItrbs;sIlxTI 4 .

sIlxTI 5 minpwkeRKOgRsvwg ekIteLIg)andUcemþc ?

RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;)anpþaMepJITukCaKMnitl¥² CaeRcIn sUm[kUn² kt;Rta
Tukpg
RBHGgÁRTg;)anpþaMepJITuky:agenHfa
karEdlGñkNamYyminsmøab;stV minlYcRTBüsm,tþieK minRbRBwtþxuskñúg
kam minniyaykuhk ebIbuKÁlenaHeFVI)any:agenH GñkenaHBitCaman :sµsaµ rtI :y:ageBj
elj .
RbkarTI 1 ebIGñkNaminsmøab;stV eTaHCastVtUcstVFM b¤ mnusSk¾eday
GñkenaHmaneQµaHfa)an[Tany:agFM b¤ mhaTan KW [suvtßiPaBdl;CIvitCaTan .
RbkarTI 2 ebIGñkNaminlYcRTBüsm,tþieK GñkenaHmaneQµaHfa[Tany:ag
FMdUcKña KW [suvtßiPaBdl;RTBüsm,tþi CaTan .
RbkarTI 3 ebIGñkNamin)anRbRBwtþxuskñúgkam GñkenaHmaneQµaHfa[Tan
y:agFMdUcKña KW [suvtßiPaBdl;KURKgrbs;eKCaTan .
RbkarTI 4 ebIGñkNaminniyaykuhk GñkenaHmaneQµaHfa [Tany:agFMdUcKña
KW [PaBesµaHRtg;CaTan .
253
 karEdlGñkNamYyminsmøab;stVkþI minlYcRTBüsm,tþieKkþI
minRbRBwtþxuskñúg kamkþI minniyaykuhkkþIkarEdlnwgeFVI
y:agenH)an GñkenaHRtUvEtman :sµsµartI : y:agl¥RbesIr.

ehtudUecñH ebIeyIgrkSasIl 4 RbkarenHxagedIm)an k¾dUcCaeyIg)an[Tan 4

RbkarEdr .
b:uEnþenAmanerOgEdlRtUv[kUn² KitCagenHteTAeTot KW erOgsIl xTI 5 RtUvKit
[xøaMgeLIgkUn² eTIbyl; .
karEdlGñkNamYyminsmøab;stVkþI minlYcRTBüsm,tþieKkþI minRbRBwtþxuskñúg
kamkþI minniyaykuhkkþI karEdlnwgeFVIy:agenH)an GñkenaHRtUvEtman sµ:saµ rtI : y:ag
l¥RbesIr.
b:uEnþenAeBlNaeKePøcPøaMgsti eKnwgmin[Tandl;CIvit min[suvtßiPaBdl;
RTBüsm,tþieK min[suvtßiPaBdl;KUsVamIPriyaeK nig min[PaBesµaHRtg;dl;GñkNa
eLIy .
sµartIrbs;mnusSeyIgeBjCaEbøkEmn ebIvarwgbwugsVitsVaj k¾rwgbwugy:agminKYr
[eCO ebIvaePøcPøaMg k¾ePøcPøaMgy:agminKYr[eCO EdleyIgehAfa {sµsµartIrwgbuwg} .

254
 dUcemþcEdlehAfa sµartIrwgbwug ?
]TahrN_ sisSmñak;éf¶Es¥knwgRtUveTARbLg b:uEnþécdnük¾ekItCMgwRKunpþasay
y:agTan;hn; eKk¾Rbjab;eTArkfñaMelb CMgWk¾enAEtmines,IydEdl b:uEnþeKRtLb;
CaBüayamGanesovePATal;Etcb; sEmþgfa sµartIrbs;eKeBjCarwgbwugNas;.
dUcemþcEdlehAfa
EdlehAfa sµartITn;nRCay
;RCay ?
mnusSdEdlhñwgÉg fµIebImansµartIrwgbwugk¾eday b:uEnþRKanEteTApwkeRKOgRsvwg
b:ueNÑaH sµartIk¾caj;Rsa-s caj;Rsaebor/ caj;fñaMkRnþak; b¤ fñaMejon .
GñkNak¾edayenAeBleTAesBeRKOgRsvwgcUleTA k¾eFVI[sµartIxøÜnÉgTn;RCay
y:agminKYr[eCO eRBaHehtuenaH edIm,IrkSasµartIrbs;xøÜn[)anl¥ sIlxTI 5 eTIbekIt
eLIgfa GñkNak¾edayk¾minRtUvesBeRKOgRsvwg b¤ fñaMejoneLIy BIeRBaHeFVI[sµartI
rbs;eyIg)at;bg;eTA .
ebIsµartIrbs;eyIg)at;bg;eTAehIy vanwgeTACay:agNa sIlTaMg 4 x EdlRtUv
eRbIRKb;RKgsµartI k¾nwg)at;bg;eTA)anedaygay .
]TahrN_ manekµg²GayuRbhak;RbEhlnwgkUn²EdlGgÁúyenAkEnøgenH vaFøab;
CYbRbTHmkehIy eKFøab;CYbRbTHmkehIy enAeBl)a:rbs;eKRsvwgRsa )a:rbs;eKk¾
Gacnwgsmøab;man;Ta)an CYnkalk¾GacnwgvaykUn² CYkkalk¾GacnwgniyayminBIeraH
CamYynwgkUn²Edr muneBlKat;minTan;hUbRsa Kat;Caelak)a:d¾Esnl¥sRmab;kUn²
ehtudUecñH sUmR)ab;kUn² [caMTukN+a enAeBlkUn² FMeLIg hamjaMRsa ebor nig
esBeRKOgejonepSg² EdlnaM[maneTas .

eFVIy:agNaeTIbrkSasIlTaMg 5 xenH)an ?
eBlenH RtUveFVIy:agNaedIm,IrkSasIl 5 x enH)an enAeBlGatµaenACaGñksikSa
dUcy:agkUn²enaH GatµaxMBüayamrkSasIledayxøÜnÉg viFIEdlrkSasIl)any:ageBj
eljenaH eFVIy:agenH kUn² sakl,geFVINa+>>>>>
255
 muneBlbYs GtµamanExSkRBHBak;nwgk ral;eBlRBwkmuneTAsalaeron k¾yk
RBHEdlBak;nwgkmkdak;nwg)atédehIyk¾sURtFm’nwkrlwkKuNRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;fa
nema tsS PKveta Grheta smµasm< smúT< §sS ¬ 3 cb;
cb; ¦
sURtrYcehIy k¾ebþCJanwgRBHEdlBak;nwgk fa
1> éf¶enH ´minsmøab;bstV
;stV
2> éf¶enH ´minlYcRTBüeK
3> éf¶enH ´minRbRBwtþxuskñúgkam
6> éf¶enH ´minniyaykuhk
5> éf¶enH ´mi
´minpwkTwkRsvwg
enAeBlebþCJaRKb;TaMg 5 xrYcehIy k¾ecjBIpÞHeTAsalaeron dUcy:agkUn²
hñwgÉg dMbUg²rkSasIl 5 hñwg)anxøH min)anxøH EtluHeBlknøgeTA RbEhlCaknøHqñaM
GatµaeTIbGacrkSasIl 5 )an .
GatµarkSasIl)anRKb;TaMg 5 x mk 6 qñaM eTIb)anmkbYsdUcEdlkUn²)aneXIj
enHÉg ebIeFVIy:agenH kUn² Kitfa nwgeFVI)aneT? eFVI)anN+H

srubxøwmsarsMxan;rbs;sIl 5
mkdl;Rtg;enH GatµasUmrMlwk[kUn²)ansþab;mþgeTot
ehtuGI)anCamin[smøab;stV BIeRBaHGñkNa²k¾RsLaj;CIvitxøÜnÉg
ehtuGI)anCamin[lYc BIeRBaHGñkNa² k¾cg;rs;enA)ansuxedayRTBüsm,tþixøÜn
Ég ebImanGñkmklYcRTBüsm,tþirbs;xøÜn eKk¾minGacrs;enA)an b¤ ebIrs;enA)ank¾CYb
esckþIlM)akdundabEdr .
ehtuGI)anCamin[RbRBwtþxuskñúgkam BIeRBaHGñkNa²k¾RsLaj;bgb¥Únrbs;
eKEdr .
ehtuGI)anCamin[niyaykuhk BIeRBaHGñkNa²k¾cUlcitþPaBesµaHRtg;Edr eyIg
minKYrniyaykuhkdak;eKeT .
256
 ehtuGI)anCamin[pwkRsa esBeRKOgejon BIeRBaHenAeBlpwk b¤ esBeTAehIy
eFVI[xUcsµartIrbs;eyIg enAeBlsµartIrbs;eyIgxUcehIy sIlepSg²k¾esAhµgeTACa
mYyEdr .
ehtudUecñH kUn² EdlGgÁúyenARtg;enH GatµasUmpþaMepJIbuN
: Ñwg ebIkUn² cg;køayCa
mnusSl¥enAeBlGnaKt sIlTaMg 5 xenHkUn²RtUvrkSa[)anl¥ .
sgÇwmfa erOgEdlelIkykmktMNalenH GacCameFüa)aymYyedIm,IeFVI[
«BukmþayGacbgðat;beRgonkUn² [ecHrkSasIl 5 )anxøH mandMrYyesckþIfa ebIkUnecA
rbs;eyIgmansIl 5 CaRbRktIehIy RbeTsCatirbs;eyIgk¾manBlrdæl¥ekIneLIg
mñak;eToty:agBitR)akd .
emaTnPaBNak¾eday k¾minesµInwgkarEdlmankUnecACaBlrdæl¥ mansIlFm’
s¥ats¥MeLIy

257
258
 PaKTI 5 beRgonkUn[sÁal;CIvit

bNþúHbNþalkUn[RsLaj;smaFi

smaFiCabTlt;dMd¾sMxan;cMeBaHkarhVwkhat;RKb;RKgcitþ[nwgFwg
rwgmaM epþatpþúMenAnwgerOgNamYyy:agRbditRbCI TaMgminTIsTasrvaseTA
rkerOgrukKYn)anedaygay kumarEdl«BukmþaycaMGb;rMbnÞMnisS½yya:gl¥
b:uEnþminEdlbgðat;kUn[GgÁúysmaFi/ ekµgnwgxVHvuDÆiPaBkñúgPav³CamnusS
eBjv½y BIeRBaHeTaHbICadwgl¥GaRkk;ehIyk¾eday b:uEnþ enAeBlRtUv
GUsTajedayG)aymuxxøaMgeLIg k¾minecHTb;sgát;citþxøÜnÉg eRBaHmin
EdlhVwkhat;Tb;sáat;citþ[maMmYnkñúgGMeBIl¥mkBImun BitR)akdNas;fa
bTlt;dMGb;rM citþmin[Føak;eTAkñúgGMNacénGMeBIGaRkk; KµanGVIRbesIr
elIsBIkar naMkUneTAvtþedIm,IhVwkhat;
hatceRmI
;ceRmInPavnaeLIy .

259
 karEdlbgVwkekµg[RsLaj;kareFVIsmaFi «BukmþayRtUvEtbgðat;bgðajekµg[
fñwknwgkarGgÁúysmaFitaMgBItUc BIeRBaHenAeBlcitþrbs;ekµgfñwknwgesckþIs¶b;CaRbcaM
eTaHbICamatabitabgðat;beRgonerOgNamYy ekµgk¾cgcaM)any:agCab;citþ sIlFm’Edl
matabitabNþúHbNþalTukxagkñúgcitþk¾nwglUtlas;duHdaly:agx¢ab;x¢ÜnmYnmaM ebIman
vibtþiehtuNamYy k¾eRtomxøÜnRbQmmuxRKb;sßankarN_kñúgGnaKt )any:agmansti
sµartI .
eTaHCay:agNak¾eday enAmanmatabitaCaeRcInEdlmanKMehIjfa eyIgKYrEt
[ekµgmanesrIPaBkñúgkarKit minKYrKaMRT[mankarhVwkhat;smaFidl;ekµgGayu 2-3
xYbeT eRBaHCakarRbiteRbogekµgRCuleBk ehtuenaH Tak;TgnwgerOgenH sUmelIkyk
BaküGFib,ayrbs;RBHefr³mYyGgÁmkdMNalR)ab;fa karBit smaFimanplcMeBaHcitþ
rbs;
rbsekµ
;ekµgy:yagNa
:agNa
{Cabzm sUmtaMgsMNYrfa etImanGñkNaxøHkñúgelakenHEdlmincg;)anl¥?
eqøIyfa KµanesaH BIeRBaHsUm,IEtecark¾cg;)anl¥Edr eRBaHKitfa kareFVICaecarCakar
l¥mYy/ erOgkarcg;)anl¥enH eTIbmanlkçxNÐ fa ebIeKmindwg GVI KWl¥ GVI KWGaRkk;
GVICasþg;darrbs;mnusSl¥eT esckþIvwkvrkñúgsgÁmmuxCanwgekIteLIgedaBitR)akdBIeRBaH
ecark¾)ankMNt;sþg;darGMeBIl¥rbs;xøÜnTukEdr ehIyk¾lIkaMePøIgeTAbøn;eK ykluymk
EckKñacay/ nuH KW l¥Ebbecar .
matabitaciBa©wmkUnk¾cg;[kUnCamnusSl¥ b:uEnþcMNuccab;epþIm minEmnenArgcaM[
kUnl¥muneT matabitahñwgÉgCaGñkkMNt;sþg;darmnusSl¥[kUneXIjCamunsin RBmTaMg
beRgonkUnpg cab;epþImtaMgBIniyayBaküeBcn_BieraHEp¥mElðm lMGut»nGgÁ hVwkhat;
[kUnRkabfVaybgÁM kUnsMBHmatabita CIdUnCIta taTYtyayTYt .
enAeBlekµgRtUveFVItamBakübgÁab; sUm,Iekµgmindwg minyl;fa ehtuGVI)anRtUveFVI
b:uEnþk¾TTYl)anlT§plmYykRmit Cakarhat;Bt;lt;dMekµg[sßitenAkñúgRkbx½NÐén
GMeBIl¥ kalebIbgVwkekµgeTA)anmYyry³kalehIy kalebIyl;eXIjfa ekµgFMlµmnwg

260
sþab;ehtupl)anehIy k¾Bnül;R)ab;ehtupl[sþab;CabeNþIr²fa CIdUnCIta RKUviTüa
carü manGMeBIl¥y:agenHy:agenaH dUecñHeyIgRtUvEtRkabsMBH .
karpþl;esrIPaBdl;ekµg [ekµgecHRkabecHsMBHedayxøÜnÉg edayeyIgBuM
beRgonekµg[ecHRkabsMBHGñkNamYyTal;EtekµgFMeLIg karEdleyIgR)afñacg;[
ekµgmkRkabsMBHenaH minGaceTArYceLIy eTaHbIebIekµgdwgfa vaCaGMeBIl¥k¾eday b:uEnþ
kalebIminEdleFVIrhUtdl;fñwkeT ekµgk¾eGonminh‘aneFVI .
GñkxøHFMeXøakehIy b:uEnþtaMgBIekItmkminEdlRkabfVaybgÁMmþayeLIy pÞúyeTA
vij ecHelIkédsMBHGñkeFVIkargarCaeRcIn b:uEnþRKan;EtR)ab;[eTARkabfVaybgÁMelak
«BukGñkmþay k¾eGoneRbon Em:k¾eGon kUnk¾eGon fVIebIdwgfaCaGMeBIl¥ b:uEnþGwmeGon
minh‘aneFVIeRBaHminFøab; .
karRkabsMBHCakarsEmþgesckþIeKarB CasBaØabgðajfa eyIgyl;Cak;c,as;nwg
GMeBIl¥rbs;CnenaH² b¤ vtßúenaHy:agéRkElgTal;EtenAes¶ommin)an RtUvEtcUleTA
sEmþgesckþIeKarB KW RkabsMBH bnÞab;BIenaH k¾BüayamsikSaeQVgyl; ecHBicBil
rmilemIlviFIsaRsþénkareFVIGMeBIl¥rbs;Kat; ehIyk¾eFVIGMeBIl¥tamKMrUrbs;Kat; .
RbsinebIeyIgminhat;RkabsMBHmktaMgBIedImeT eyIgeRcInEtmanTidæimanH
esckþIRbkan;xøÜneRcIn GñkRkeGItRkeGagRceLagxamxøHdl;fñak;emIlGMeBIl¥rbs;Gñk
déTmineXIj eXIjEtkMhusxusqÁgrbs;eK Büayamcab;eTasGUsdMeNIreKral;éf¶ .
sBVéf¶enH eyIgemIleXIjehIyfa buKÁlkñúgmCÄdæansgÁmepSg² Büayamcab;
kMhusKña sisScab;kMhusRKU RKUcab;kMhussisS GñkFMcab;kMhusGñktUc GñktUccab;
kMhusGñkFM shkarIBüayamcab;kMhusKñaÉg mñak;²minRBmniyaydl;GMeBIl¥rbs;KñaeT
eRBaHemIlmineXIj ebIbeNþay[sgÁmedIreTAEbbenH minyUrmiinqab;rbbsgÁmnwg
dYlrlM manEtviFImYyKt;edIm,IedaHRsayninñakarenH KW beRgonmnusS[ecHeKarBKña nig
ecHemIleXIjGMeBIl¥rbs;KñaeTAvij eTAmk .
ehtudUecñH ebIeyIgcg;[kUnFMeLIgkøayCaBlrdæl¥ eyIgKb,IeRbonRbedAkUn
taMgBItUceTA enAeBlkUncab;hat;niyay eyIgkuMbeRgonkUn[ecHeCreK b:uEnþbeRgonkUn
261
 karEdlbgVwkekµg[RsLaj;kareFVIsmaFi «BukmþayRtUv
Etbgðat;bgðajekµg [fñwknwgkarGgÁúysmaFitaMgBItUc
BIeRBaHenAeBlcitþrbs;ekµgfñwknwgesckþIs¶b;CaRbcaM eTaH
bICamatabitabgðat;beRgonerOgNamYy ekµgk¾cgcaM)an
y:agCab;citþ

ecHniyayEtBaküBieraHEp¥mElðm naMkUncUlvtþ beRgonkUn[ecHGgÁúysmaFi [nwk

rlwkdl;RBHBuT§rUbelIhwgCa BuT§anusSti
St CaedIm ebIeFVI)andUecñH naeBlxagmux ebIkUn
ekItbBaðaGVI kUnnwgGacRKb;RKgcitþ nig TUnµancitþrbs;xøÜnÉg[nwgFwgrwgmaM)an .
sYrfa etIsmaFi
maFipøas;sbþ;bÚrþ nisS½ymnusS)S)anBitEmn b¤?
Bit b¤ minBit cUrsakl,gBicarNaemIlehtupldUcteTAenH
tamFmµta mnusSeyIgenAeBlebIkEPñkeLIg eyIgeRcInEteXIjGñkdéTenA
CuMvijxøÜn b:uEnþmineXIjxøÜnÉgeT sUm,IEtmuxxøÜnÉgBitR)akd k¾eyIgemIlmineXIjEdr
karEdleyIgemIl eXIj)anenaH KW eXIjRsemalmuxenAkñúgkBa©k; .
cuHeFVIdUcemþceTIb)aneXIjxøÜnÉg KW RtUvbiTEPñkehIyeTIb)aneXIjxøÜnÉg .

262
 ebIeyIgecHeFVIsmaFi lt;dMcitþ[s¶b;)an GVIminl¥EdleyIgeFVIeTAehIy eyIg
k¾nwg)andwgfaminl¥ ehIyBüayameFVIviesaFnkmµEkéxxøÜnÉgteTA GVIEdll¥eyIgk¾
TTYlyk ehIyeyIgk¾mineTAriHKn;GñkdéT b:uEnþgakmkriHKn;xøÜnÉg Eklm¥xøÜnÉg[
mansþg;darl¥Bit R)akdeTACaerOy² eyIgnwgmanCIvitrs;enAy:agmanesckþIsuxTaMg
pøÚvkay nig pøÚvcitþ .
tamBaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHefr³ eFVI[eyIgmanCMenOeCOCak;fa karbeRgon
kUn[ecHGgÁúysmaFitaMgBItUcRkUcqµar esµInwgkarbgðat;kUn[fñwknwgesckþIs¶b;citþtaMgBI
kumarPaB ehIykUnnwgkøayCamnusSl¥rhUtmYyCIvit eRBaHkUnGacRKb;RKgcitþ[Ca
smaFi)an TaMgminjab;j½reTAtamvtßúGUsTajcitþ nig x¢ab;x¢ÜnmaMmYnkñúgGMeBIl¥Edl
matabitadaMbNþúHTuk[kUnenaHÉg .
eRBaHehtuenaH enAeBlsalaeronbiTvisSmkalrdUvekþAqñaMenH kuMePøcnaMkUnecA
eTAhVwkhat;smaFi b¤ GacnaMeTAcUlCMruMGb;rMsIlFm’KimðrdUvtamvtþGaramepSg² TUTaMg
RbeTsEdlebIkKeRmagkarGb;rMsIlFm’dl;kumar edIm,ICacMNuccab;epþImkñúgkarhat;
Bt;lt;dMkUn[fñwknwgkarhVwkhat;smaFi Gb;rMcitþ[s¶bt; aMgBIkumarPaBenaHÉg .

263
264
 PaKTI 5 beRgonkUn[sÁal;CIvit

bYs[matabita)anbuNü

enAkNþalsßanPaBsgÁm EdleBareBjeTAedayvtßúGUsTajcitþ
nig mnusSmnaRsvaRseTjRbkbGaCIvkmµ rkTTYlTanya:gmmajwkdUc
y:agbc©úb,nñenH RKYsarNaEdlmankUnRbusRKb;GayubYsehIy TaMgkUn
RbusenaH)anbYssgKuNmatabita)an ya:gehacNas; 1 vsSa cat;Tuk
fa matabitaénRKYsarenaH manbuNüvasnay:
üvasnayagmhasal
:agmhasal BIeRBaH
karEdlkUnRbuspÞHNasagpñÜs[matabita)an minEmnCaerOggay
RsYleLIy RbkarsMxan; KW erOgenHRtUvekItecjBIesckþIsµ½RKcitþrbs;
kUnRbus CaRbkarsMxan; TaMgminEmnkarbYsEdlkUnkMNt;lkçxNÐnwg
matabita dUcCa bYsdUrykrfynþ bYsdUryksMNUkGMBImatabita .
265
matabitacg;eXIjsMBt;kasavBRsþrbs;kUnRbus
esµr´ )anQrsmøwgemIl)a:yRbkasmYypÞaMgrbs;CMruMBuT§saRsþEdlbiTRbkas
enAelIkþarEk,rkMEpgGMBavnavrknisSitanusit eTAbYsenAeBlbiTqmasrdUvekþAenH .
enAelI)a:yRbkasenaH rUbPaBrbs;Gñkmþaymñak;GayuRbEhl 60 qñaM man
édkkan;kRmgpáa Twkmuxrbs;Kat;eBareBjeTAedaybItiesamnsS Rtg;Ek,reCIgrbs;
Kat;mankUnRbussMNBVcitþesøokBak;CaQutnaKBN’s kMBugp©itp©g;RkabfVaybgÁMeTob
)aTeCIgrbs;GñkmþayedayesckþIeKarBRsLaj;y:agRCaleRCA edIm,IsuMGnuBaØatlaeTA
bYs .
esckþIenAelI)a:yRbkasenaH sresrfa {bYbYsedIm,IsgRBHKuNmþayEdlenA
manCIvit}
RbsinebIGñkmþayrUbNa)anman»kaseXIjrUbPaB nig esckþIenH Kat;muxCa
manqnÞÞ³cg;[kUnRbusxøÜnbYsminxan .
cMENkÉkUnRbusvij RbsinebIminTan;)anbYs[mþayenAeLIyeT k¾Kg;nwgman
citþcg;bYs[mþayEdr .
esµr´)anbYs[GñkmþayCaeRcInvsSaehIy esckþIsuxekItBIkarbYsenaH\t
RbmaNsµanminRtUv eRBaH)andwgfa CIvitmnusSeyIgGacmanesckþIsux)anedaykar
KµanRTBüsm,tþi RKan;EtmanTIGgÁúy TIQr TIedIr RtwmEt 1 Em:Rtkaer: nig TIedkRtwmEt
2 Em:Rtkaer: eyIgk¾GacCYbesckþIsux)aneRcInCageyIgmanluyrab;EsnlaneTAeTot
esckþIsuxEbbenHminGacykluyTij)aneT .
elIsBIenaHeTot KWfa edImeLIy KitfanwgbYsedIm,ItbsñgsgRBHKuNmatabita
b:uEnþRtLb;CahucplFMeFgdl;CIvitxøÜnÉgnuH KW karbYseFVI[eyIgdwgfa eyIgekItmk
eFVIGVI ehIyGVIKWCaTisedArbs;CIvit .
GVI² TaMgGs;enH RbsinebIdMNalR)ab; Kg;nwgminCak;c,as;esµInwgkar)anmkbYs
edayxøÜnÉgeLIy .
266
viHsøab;mun)anbYs
kar)anbYskñúgmøb;énRBHBuT§sasna nig karpþl;»kas[matabita)anGnuemaTna
buNükuslEdlekItecjBIkarbMbYskUnRbusenaH minEmnCakargayRsYleLIy kar
EdlCnNamYyKitfa cg;bYs k¾bYs)an sUmpþaMeTAcuHfa CnenaHKitxusehIy BIeRBaH
GñkEdlnwgcUlbYs)anRtUvEtCaGñkmanbuNüvasnaCab;xøÜnmkBICatimunpg ehIy
RbkarsMxan; KW GñkenaHRtUvEtmanKuNsm,tþiRKb;RKan;tamvinyb,BaØtþi eTIbmansiT§i
bYs)an .
elak«Bukrbs;esµr´)an)ak;EbkEckzaneTAehIytaMgBIesµr´enACakumarPaB
Kat;min)aneXIjsMBt;kasavBRsþrbs;kUnRbuseT .
xN³EdlxøÜnÉgTRmaMnwg)anbYs esÞIrEt)at;bg;CIvitmunGñk[kMeNIteTAeTot
Cakarrs;ranmanCIvitmk 2 dg minTan;dl;éf¶GnSa .
elIkTI 1 eBlGayuCag 10 qñaM edIrqøgpøÚveTATijTwkRtI[mþay enAeBlenaH
ePøogkMBugbg¥úrcuH edaysarPaBrbuilrb:UcEdleXIjcmyuT§kñúgExSPaBynþcincUlcitþ
Bak;muxbiTmux eBlts‘UCamYynwgecar eTIbBak;mYkqøgpøÚvedIreTA b:uEnþmYk)aMgRkEsEPñk
eFVI[emIlmineXIjm:UtUEdlkMBugbrmk eTIbRtUvmU:tUEdlbrmkedayel,OnyWtenaHbuk
cMlµm xøÜnk¾dYleTAnwgépÞpøÚv dbTwkRtIk¾rbUtecjBIéd Føak;eTAelIépÞpøÚvEbkx©at;x©ay
kMeTcdbxÞatr)a:t;r)a:yeBjTaMgpøÚv b:uEnþedaysaretC³énbuNüEdlm:UtUrt;mkminelOn
b:unµan eTIbeRkakeLIgedIreTA)ancat;Tukfa CakarrYcCIvit)anmYydg .
mYydgeTot eBlQWF¶n;dl;fñak;cUlsRmakmnÞIreBTü eRBaHEbkExñg eBaHevon
TaMgyb;GRFaRt kalenaHmanEtmþay nig yayenAÉpÞH BYkKat;naMesµr´eTAmnÞIreBTü
eBlem:agmYyyb; eBlenaH elakRKUeBTü nig KilanubdæayikanaMKñaRtYtBinitürkmin
eXIjfa ExñgeBaHevonEbk eT .
RbkarsMxan; KW ebIkñúgkMLúgeBlEdlExñgeBaHevonEbkenH mankarqøgeraKkñúg
eBaH xN³enaHÉpÞHeRtomerobcMbuNüsB)anehIy .
267
 b:uEnþeCaKCtaCIvitenAminTan;Gs;Gayux½y eTaHbICaeTAedkrgTukçeTaemñjkñúg
mnÞIreBTüyUrdl; 15 ema:g ehIyeBTü)ansakl,grkSatamGakar³EdlQWcukeBaH
Gs;ehIyk¾eday TIbMput eBTük¾rkeXIjfa ExñgeBaHevon)anEbkeTAehIy eBTüeTIb
Nat;cUlbnÞb;vHkat; eBlema:g 8 yb; cat;TukfaCakarrYcCIvitelIkTI 2 .
eRkayBIfñaMsnøb;Gs;bJT§i RKan;EtebIkEPñkmkmþgeTot k¾dl;RBwkRBhaménéf¶fµI
sUm,IenArg:ab;regIedaybJT§ifñaM nig muxrbYsxøHk¾eday b:uEnþk¾Gt;nwgBinitüemIleTAkan;ERK
Citxagmin)an RbTHeXIjGñkCm¶Wmñak;eTotEdlvHkat;ExñgeBaHevonEdr b:uEnþGakareraK
emIleTAdUcCadabxøaMgNas; BIeRBaHedkBak;eRKOgbWtCatiBulecjBIxøÜn KitfaxøÜnÉg
enAmansMNagEdlmindabdl;fñak;enaH .
RKan;EtBinitüemIlERKEk,rxagrYcehIy k¾EbrmkRCugmçageTot k¾RbTHeXIjmux
mat;rbs;Cncas; 2 nak;EdlmanTwkmuxGs;kgVl;kñúgcitþKitfa {RbEhlCaGñkmþay nig
elakyaydUrevnKñaemIlEfsßanPaBrbs;eyIgmkrhUtmYyyb; } .
lMnwkKiteBlenaH KWfa suPaBRsþI 2 nak;
nakenHb:
;enHbue: NÑaH EdlRsLaj;
enHb EdlRsLajeyI ;eyIgCaTIbMput
kñúgelak .
GVIEdlbNþal[nwkKit)andUecñaH KW ebIsYrfa GñkEdlRsLaj;eyIgedayesµaH
Gs;BIcitþ minEdlTamTarGVIGMBIeyIg ehIyeRtomxøÜnnwgsøab;CMnYseyIg)ankñúgelakenH
KWCaGñkNa ?
cemøIy KW RsIþ 2 nak; EdlkMdrCm¶WeyIgrhUtraRtIkalenHÉg KWCaGñkEdl
RsLaj;eyIgCaTIbMputkñúgelak suxcitþe)aHbg;kargar e)aHbg;pÞHsEm,gmkkMdrCm¶W
eyIg .
sMNYrEdlRtUvsYrxøÜnÉgRtLb;mkvij KWfa BYkKat; KatRsLaj;
;RsLajeyI
RsLaj ;eyIgrhUtdl;
dlh‘;ha‘ n
søab;bCM;CnM YseyIg)anEbbenH rhUtmYyCIvitknøgmk etIeyIgFøab;beFV ;eFVIGVItbsñgsgKuNBYk
Kat;
Katx; øHehIyb¤enA? enA?
enA
luHsYrxøÜnÉgdUecñH k¾eqøIy)aneday\tsÞak;esÞIrfa ticNas; Nas; ebIeRbobeFob
nwgGVIEdl)anTTYlGMBIBYkKat; .
268
 ehIyenaHKWCacMNuccab;epþImEdleyIgRtUvRbugRby½tñmineFVI[BYkKat;rkaMcitþt
eTAeTot karrYcrs;CIvitmk 2 dg mancMENkPaKeRcInEdlCMruj[ekItKMnit KitnwgbYs
ekIteLIgy:agcas;køa cg;bYs[Kat;)aneXIjsMBt;kasavBRsþ CasnÞúHcitþdwknaMKat;[
)ansnSMbuNükusl edIm,I[Kat;Gs;kgVl;cMeBaHxøÜneyIgeRBaH)anbYseronFm’ehIy .

edIrcUlCitmc©úraCral;éf¶
esckþIseRmccitþcUlbYsrbs;esµr´cab;epþImeLIgbnÞab;BIeroncb;viTüal½y .
mUlehtueRBaHfa enAeBlmkesIerIrMlwkCIvitxøÜnÉgemIleTA eXIjfa CIvit
rbs;mnusSeyIgmineTogTat; CYnkaleBlRBwkeXIjmuxKña b:uEnþenAeBll¶acRtLb;Ca
)at;muxCaerogrhUt eRcIndgEdleTAcUlrYmBiFIbuNüsB segáteXIjmatabitaerob
cMbuNüsB[kUn eXIjyaytaerobcMbuNüsB[ecA EdlminKYrCadUecñHesaH eyIg
mincg;[ekIterOgEbbenaHeT b:uEnþedayehtuEtCIvitmineTogTat; kar)anbYsmunCakar
RbesIrCag .
cMeNrkaltmk Gñkmþayk¾cab;mansuxPaBGn;exSay elakyayk¾cas;CraxøaMg
xøacERkgfa ebIeyIgbYsyWtCagenH BYkKat;GaccaMelakkUnelakecAxøÜnÉgmiin)an KYr
EtbYsenAeBleTIbnwgeroncb;enHÉg .
b:uEnþfVIebItaMgcitþTuky:agp©itp©g;k¾eday esckþIseRmccitþenaHk¾RtUvkargarcUl
mkeRCotERCk eRBaHeTIbnwgeroncb;mkfµI² k¾)ankargarl¥ kalebI»kasl¥huc[y:ag
enHehIy citþk¾epþateTAelIEtkargarmunerOgrbs;mþay KMnitKitnwgbYs[mþay nig
yayk¾RtUvBnüareBlteTAeTot .
b:uEnþk¾cat;CabuNüeRBgrbs;esµr´Edr eRBaHnaéf¶mYy RBHefr³KYrCaTIeKarB
RsLaj; elakdwgdMNwgfa KitnwgbYs elakk¾nimnþmkeR)asdl;pÞH .
RKan;EtRBHefr³eXIjmux BaküdMbUgEdlniyayKña elakk¾eBalbbYlfa
{vsSaenH eTAbYscuHN³ N³ } .

269
 xN³enaHk¾enAGl;ÉkERBkcitþ b:uEnþcugeRkay k¾eqøIyelakeTAvijfa {\LÚvenH
´kNaenATTYlxusRtUvkargarrbs;Rkumh‘un ´kNaERkgcitþeK} .
hak;nwgfa RBHefr³elakdwgTan;KMnitKitKn; elakk¾das;etOneRkOnrMlwksµartI
fa {eBlÉgsøab; eKminmkRcUcTwk[ÉgeT } .
Gnusasn_rbs;elakbIdUcCarnÞH)aj;mkcMkNþalPaBggwt bNþal[KiteXIj
Pøamfa {ebIeyIgsøab;beTAenAeBlenH
;eTAenAeBlenH GñkEdlRcUcTwk[eyIg KµanGñkNaeRkABImþay nig
yayenaHeT }
RKan;EtKit)andUecñH k¾Rbjab;TTYlefrdIkafa {vsSaenH ´kNanwgeTAbYs} .
ehIyk¾)anbYseRBaHtMenOnsµartIrbs;RBHefr³edayBit mþay nig yay k¾man
»kas)aneXIjsMBt;kasavBRsþrbs;kUnRbussmtambMNg .

buNüEdl)anTTYlBIkarbMbYskUnRbus
kalebIesµr´bYsCaPikçúehIy eXIjfa RbCaCnéfmanCMenOfa karbMbYskUnRbus
CakarsgKuNmatabita b:uEnþmnusSCaeRcInenAEtnwkminecjfa etIkUnRbusbYsehIy
sgKuNmatabitaedayviFINa kalebIemIleXIjCaTUeTAehIyfa RKan;EtbYsehIy
k¾edIreTAbiNÐ)at eTAeFVIGMeBIl¥Etmñak;Ég edaHédecalmatabita e)aHbg;RKYsarecal
eTotpg .
RKamYyenaH k¾manmnusSeTAsYrRBHefr³Edlesµr´eTAbYsvtþrbs;elakeday
sMNYrlMnaMdUcKñaenHEdr RBHefr³k¾)anGFib,ayBnül;[ekItBnøWkñúgcitþ eTIbelIkyk
BaküGFib,ayrbs;elakmkR)ab;dUcteTAenH
{erOgCMenO GñkNaeCOy:agNa k¾eRscEteKcuH b:uEnþeyIgCaBuT§sasnikCn
nigCamnusSsm½yfµI seRmccitþeCOGVI RtUvBicarNaemIlehtupl ehtuplrbs;
RBHBuT§sasna bBa¢ak;fa }eFVIl¥ )anl¥ eFVIGaRkk;
aRkk; )anGaRkk;
anGaRkk; GñkNaeFVI Gñkhñwg)an}
an} .
{kUnbYs kUnk¾)anbuNü eRBaH)anhat;Bt;lt;dMdusxat;xøÜnÉgtamBaküeRbon
RbedArbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;} .
270
 eRcIndgEdleTAcUlrYmBiFIbuNüsBsegáteXIjmatabita
erobcMbuNüsB[kUneXIj yaytaerobcMbuNüsB[ecA
EdlminKYrCadUecñHesaH eyIgmincg;[ekIterOgEbbenaHeT
b:uEnþedayehtuEtCIvitmineTogTat; kar)anbYsmunCakar
RbesIrCag .

cMENkxagmatabitamin)andusxat;xøÜnÉgeTAtamkUneT buNüRtg;cMENkenH
min)aneLIy )anEtbuNücMENkdéT KW
1¦ )anbuNüeRBaHKaMRT[kUn)anbYs
2¦ luHkUnbYsehIy k¾tameTAdak;)aRtedaykþIRBYy)armÖcMeBaHkUn enAeBl
dak;)aRt mindak;[cMeBaHEtkUnRbusxøÜnb:ueNÑaHeT b:uEnþdak;)aRt[GgÁepSgpg matabita
eTIb)anbuNüBIkar[TanenHÉg .
3¦ matabitaxøHedaykþIRBYy)armÖcMeBaHkUnCaxøaMgeTIbtamkUneTAenAvtþswgeBj
mYyéf¶ esÞIrEtral;éf¶ eTIbman»kas)ansþab;FmµeTsna )ancMeNHecHdwgerOg)ab
erOgbuNü eFVI[RsLaj;buNüxøac)abeRcIneLIg BYkKat;eTIb)anbuNüRtg;cMNucenH
mYyEpñkeTot .

271
 4¦ b¤luHmkdl;vtþehIy eXIjeKepSgsmaTansIl ceRmInPavna GgÁúysmaFi
eTIbsuxcitþeFVItameKeTA )ancUlBYkcUlRkumCaGñkbdibtþiFm’ eRBaHehtuenaH eRkABI)an
buNüBIkardak;)aRt eFVITanehIy matabitak¾)anbuNüBIkarrkSasIl nig ceRmInPavna
eTotpg .
buNüekIteLIgedaycMENkepSgKña b:uEnþfaBitCa)anbuNü elIkElgEt
matabitaxøH RKan;EtkUnbYsehIy xøÜnÉgenARBegIykenþIy gab;édgab;eCIg Kitfa
xøÜnÉg)anTTYlbuNü BIkUnRbusbYsehIy min)ac;eFVIbuNüGVIeToteT KitEbbenH min)an
buNGVIesaHeLIy xøÜnÉgminEdldak;)aRt minEdlsþab;FmµeTsna )anbuNümkBINa?
b:uEnþk¾manxøHEdr Edlmatabitamin)aneTAvtþ b:uEnþelakkUnmkeTsna[sþab;dl;pÞH
k¾eRtkGrsaTr suxcitþeFVItamBaküEdlkUnRbuseTsnaENnaM eTArab;)aRt eTAkan;sIl
matabita)anbuNüRtg;eNHÉg .
esµr´cab;citþditGarmµN_CaxøaMgcMeBaHcemøIyrbs;RBHefr³GMBIerOgenH CakarbMPøW
erOgkarbMbYskUnRbusEdlCaehtu[matabita)anbuNüeTotpg eRkAEtBIkardwknaM
matabita[cUlvtþ bdibtþiFm’ehIy EfmTaMgCakardas;etOnsµartIkUnRbus [Büayam
dwknaMBaMyYrejamRbusejamRsI[xitxMsnSMbuNüCaRbcaMeTotpg eFVI[karbYsRKaenH
manKuNtémøcMeBaHxøÜnÉg nig ejamRbusejamRsICaGtibrma .

bYs[GñkEdlRsLaj;eyIgCaTIbMputkñúgelak
kñúgCIvitrbs;mnusSeyIg CaBiess mnusSRbuseRcInEtRtac;crXøatXøaBI«Buk
mþayeTAq¶ayCaerOy² edIm,IeFVIdMeNIreTAtamdgpøÚvEdlxøÜnÉg)ankMNt;Tuk kan;Et
eFVIdMeNIreTAq¶ayb:unNa kan;EtXøatq¶ayBIkarbYs[mþayeRcInb:uneNaH eRBaHehtuenaH
munnwgXøateTAq¶ayCagenH eyIgKYrEtbYs[matabitaCamuneday\
eday\tlkçxNÐ [dUcCa
esckþIRsLaj;
sLajEdlmatabi
;EdlmatabitamancMeBaHeyIgeday\
eday\tlkçxNÐdUecñaH .
ebIl,gnwkKitemIl nwgeXIjfa kñúgqakCIvitrbs;eyIgenaH eyIg)aneFVI
RbeyaCn_dl;GñkdéTCaeRcIn rhUtdl;GñkxøH eyIgeFVIBlIkmµcMeBaHeKeRcInCagmþay
272
Gñkpþl;kMeNIt[eyIgeTAeTot KitpÞúymkvij kalebIGñkdéT eyIgsuxcitþeFVIBlIkmµ[
eKeday\tlkçxNÐ)andl;fñak;enaH cuHehtuGVI)anCaeyIgmineFVIBlIkmµtbsñgsgRBH
KuNrbs;matabitadl;fñak;enaHxøHpg?
RbkarsMxan; KW kñúgCIvitrbs;mnusSeyIg karbYsminEmnekIteLIg)anjwkjy
enaHeT ehIyGñkEdlnwgbYs)an k¾minEmnbYs)angay² eLIy ebIbENþtbeNþay[
CIvitrsat;GENþteTAq¶ayBImatabi
matabitaerOy²
a TIbMput matabita Kg;nwgminmanéf¶Na
)aneXIjsMBt;TwkGm©t;rbs;eyIgk¾Gacfa)an .
eRBaHehtuenaH kñúgrdUvekþAenH esµr´Kitfa CakMLúgeBld¾smrmübMput Edl
kUnRbusTaMgGs;KYrEtbYs[matabita)an eXIjTg;C½yRBHGrhnþ ¬ sMBt;kasavBRsþ ¦
rbs;eyIgxøH eTIbminbg;Catibg;kMeNItEdlekItmkCakUnRbus smdUcBaküGñkR)aCJkñúg
RBHBuT§sasnaeBalTukfa
{ekI
ekItCakU
CakUnRbusKb,
Kb,IykbNÐitpøÚvelak nig GñkR)R)aCJpøÚvFm’[)an
[)an eTIbmin
[)
bg;
bgkM;keM NIt} .

273
274
 PaKTI 6

GvsanénCIvit

275
276
 PaK 6 GvsanénCIvit

KuNtémøénCIvit

fVIebIdwgc,as;fa CIvitrbs;eyIgenAminyUrrab;Ban;qñaMk¾eday eBlxøH

eyIgenAEtbENþtbeNþayxøÜn[GENþtRtEst eTAtamRkEsénPaBePøIt
ePøInEdlCaehtunaMmknUvTukçdl;xøÜnÉgeTotpg . elIsBIenaHeTot RtUv
mkGgÁúyekþARkhaysþayeRkay eRBaHTegVIrbs;xøÜnÉgeday BitehIy
GacFøab;taMgsMNYrsYrxøÜnÉgfa {etImanviFIsaRsþNaEdlGacRTRTg;
aEdlGacRTRTgCI;CvI it
)any:
anyageBjelj
:ageBjelj nig manstisµartICanic©)an ? }
277
 RBHefr³ 1 rUb)anGFib,aybMPøWsMNYrenHy:agc,as;las; esµr´sUmelIkyk
mkCRmabR)ab;enATIenHedIm,IrMlwksµartI nig manCIvitrs;enAy:agsÁal;KuNtémøéneBl
evlarbs;CIvitEdledIrfyeRkayeTAral;vinaTIna»kasenH .
RBHefr³EtgEteRkOnrMlwkjatiejamEdleFVIdMeNIrmkeFVIbuNüÉvtþrbs;elak
fa
{ mnusSCati suT§Ets¥b;Tukçcg;)ansuxTaMgGs; b:uEnþCIvitmnusSEbrCaminGac
bdiesFesckþITukç)an CIviteTIbmanTaMgsuxTaMgTukçlayLMKña karTs;
karTsTb;
;Tbnw;ngw esckþITukç
Tb
ya:
yagmansti
:gmanstisµartI KWCaGVIEdleyIgRtUvEteRtomxøÜn[)anRBm
gmanst [)anRBm } .
mnusSCatiTaMgGs;manesckþITukçCab;xøÜnmktaMgBIkMeNIt 3 Rbkar KW cas; QW
nig søab; . esckþITukçTaMgGs;enHEtgyayICIviteyIgral;éf¶edayRbkarepSg².
tamkarBit eyIgKYrEtemIleXIjesckþITukçenH)any:agc,as;las; b:uEnþRtLb;Ca
)aMgEPñkxøÜnÉgedaysarerOgdéT eTIbRsevRsvasVHEsVgrkTukçEfmmkeTot eTaHbIfa
CakarEsVgrkKUesñh_ sVamI Priya mkRKb;RKgCarbs;xøÜnÉg eRBaHmanesckþIsgÇwmfa
eyIgnwg)anesckþIsuxBIkarmanBYkeKTaMgenaH b:uEnþedaysarEtkñúgxøÜnrbs;BYkeK k¾man
TukçRbcaMxøÜndUcCaeyIgEdr KW mancas; QW søab; enARbcaMxøÜnEdr eRBaHehtuenaH RKan;Et
)aneKmkRKb;RKgPøam CYsnwg)anesckþIsuxsmdUcbMNg eyIgRtLb;CaRtUvTTYlbnÞúk
rbs;esckþITukçRbcaMxøÜneK nig esckþITukçEdlekItBIkarRBat;R)asnirascakvtßúCaTI
RsLaj;EfmeTot .
GñkEdlmanRKYsar nig mankUnehIy muxCayl;esckþITukçTaMgenH)any:agc,as;
RKan;EttYnaTIénkarRbkbmuxrbrciBa©wmCIvit nig tYnaTIemIlEfmatabitaGñk[kMeNItxøÜn
Ég k¾Gs;eBlevlaeTAehIykñúgmYyéf¶² .
b:uEnþRKan;EtmanRKYsar k¾RtUveFVImuxgarsVamIPriya eFVImuxgarmatabitaciBa©wmkUn
xøÜnÉgeTot muxgarnImYy² mankargarCaeRcInenArg;caM dUecñH CIvitRKYsareTIbmankgVl;
CaeRcIneTot esckþIhYgEhgral;éf¶ .

278
 ebIecHfñak;fñmCIvitRKYsar k¾GacmancenøaHeBlénesckþIsux)anxøH b:uEnþCaTUeTA
KµanGñkNaeKcputBIesckþITukç)aneT BIeRBaHkalebIdl;eBlevla k¾RtUvEtlaklaKña
eTAenATIbMput RsLaj;EsnRsLaj; RBYyEsnRBYy hYgEhgEsnhYgEhg k¾RtUvEt
XøatXøacakKñaeTAminElg enHKWCasc©PaBrbs;CIvitEdleyIgmincg;)an b:uEnþvamuxCa
nwgmkrkeyIgenAéf¶NamYy karmanCIvitrs;enAya:gmanesckþIsux RtUvEtecHs‘URTaM
esckþITukç[)an nig mineTAEsVgrkTukçmkbEnßmdl;xøÜneTot .
GñkxøHGacKitfa beRgonEbbenH CakarbeRgon[emIlBiPBelakkñúgpøÚvGviC¢man
b:uEnþkarbeRgonEdlRtwmRtUvenaH KW beRgon[
beRgon[smøwgemIlBiPBelaktamsPaBBit eyIg
nwgTTYlykesckþBit)anRtUv .
RBHBuT§Cam©as;sRBHGgÁ
;RBHGgÁCaTukçC½ylaPI ¬GñkQñHTukç¦ RTg;cg¥úlR)ab;eyIgfa Gñk
EdlGacTb;Tl;nwgesckþITukçécdnü)any:agmanstisµartIenaH GñkenaHRtUvEtecH
eRtomxøÜnÉgttaMgnwgesckþIcas; esckþIQW esckþIsøab;)anral;éf¶ edaykarxitxMrMlwk
das;etOnxøÜnÉgGMBIerOg 3 RbkardUcteTAenH
1¦ yl; yldw;dgw eKalbMNgBitR)R)akdrbs;
akdrbsCI;CvI it KW dwgfa karEdleyIgekItmkenH
minEmnekItmkedIm,IePøItePøIneT b:uEnþekItmkedIm,IsnSMbuNükusl EsVgrk pøÚvrYc
putcakTukçkñúgvdþsgSar manmuxeq<aHeTAkan;RBHniBVantamsñamRBH)aTénRBHsmµasm<úT§
Cam©as; .
2¦ ecHdas;
ecHdasetOnxø
;etOnxøÜnÉg KW xitxMceRmInmrNanusStiCaRbcaMfa eyIgman
esckþIsøab;CaFmµta minGacknøgputesckþIsøab;eTA)aneT eKcevHk¾min)an ehIymin
dwgfasøab;enAeBlNaeLIy elIsBIenaHeTAeTot kMLúgeBlEdlenAminTan;søab;enH
k¾RtUvEtRBat;R)ascakvtßúCaTIRsLaj;eBjcitþeTotpg .
karnwkrlwkdl;esckþIsøab;CaerOy² man 2 krNI KW
krNITI 1 minecHnwk KW nwkfa minyUrminqøab; k¾Kg;nwgsøab; mincg;eFVIGVIeT
ecHEtrs;enAeTA edkrg;caMesckþIsøab;RBegIy mincg;eFVIGMeBIl¥ .

279
 krNITI 2 ecHnwk KW nwkfa ya:gNay:agNIk¾RtUvEtsøab; eRBaHehtuenaH
munnwgsøab; RtUvEteRbICIvitragkayrbs;eyIgenH[smrmü xitxM]TÞisCIvitcitþviBaØaN
enHeFVIGMeBIl¥ [manGMeBIl¥Cab;xøÜneTA[)aneRcIn .
eFVIl¥k¾søab; eFVIGaRkk;k¾søab; x¢ilk¾søab; ]sSah_k¾søab; qøatk¾søab; l¶g;k¾søab;
esdæIk¾søab; sµÚmsUmTank¾søab; suT§Etsøab;TaMgGs; b:uEnþesckþIsøab;minEmnCaeKal
bMNgcugeRkayrbs;CIviteT ral;CIvitEdlekItmksuT§EtmaneKalbMNg KW edIm,Isag
buNü)armI hat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜn[Gs;kiels manmuxRtg;tRmg;eTAkan;RBHniBVan eRBaH
ehtuenaH kalebIminTan;Gs;kielseT KYrEteFVIGMeBIl¥[)aneRcIn luHRtaEtdl;éf¶søab;
Kity:agenH nig eFVIya:genH Cakarl¥bMput .
karBicarNadl;esckþIsøab; nig esckþIRBat;R)as;enH enAeBleFVICaerOy²
CaRbcaMral;yb;muncUleKg eFVI[ekItstisµartI nig ceRmInsmaFiPavna)any:agRbesIr
køayCamnusSminRbmaT ecHeRtomxøÜnÉgmunsøab; minsagcMNgcgqVak;cMeBaHbuKÁl nig
vtßú RbwgERbxñHExñgeFVIGMeBIl¥ minxøacERkgesckþIenOyht; eRBaHdwgc,as;fa esckþIsøab;
enaH)anQancUlmkdUcCaRsemalGenÞaltamR)aNtaMgBIkMeNIt ehIyrgcaMcgVak;vay
Rbharral;xül;dkdegðImecjcUl .
3¦ ecHrUtrHsnSMbuNükusly: lyageBjTM
:ageBjTMhwg
sMNMsmsYnénkareRbICIvitrbs;eyIgsßitenARtg;fa etIeyIgeRbIeBlevlaeTA
eFVIGVIxøH ebIeRbIeBlevlaeTAeFIVGVIEdlnaMCab;xøÜneTAmin)ankñúgCIvitsm,rayPBeT TegVI
enaHminehAfa manRbeyaCn_BitR)akdeT .
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;jaNdwgc,as;fa GVIEdlmnusSeyIgnaMykCab;xøÜneTA
)an KW plénkmµrbs;xøÜn edayRBHGgÁRtas;fa {eyIgTaMgGs;manplénkmµCarbs;xøÜn
eyIgeFVIl¥ )anl¥ eFVIGaRkk; )anGaRkk; GñkNamkTTYlplénkmµCMnYseyIgmin)an
eLIy} .
RBHBuT§Cam©as;RTg;KaMRTkarRbkbCIvPaBedayPaBéføfñÚr tameKalkarN_ciBa©wm
CIvit 3 y:ag KW
280
 1> lHbg;
lHbgGM;GeM BIGaRkk;
aRkkTaM;TaMgBYg KW GMeBIGaRkk;NaEdlFøab;eFVI [lHbg;ecal
TaMgGs; ÉGMeBIGaRkk;NaEdlminFøab;eFVI [evorElgecalTaMgGs; kuMeFVIeRBaHvanwg
eFVI[eyIgkan;EtGaRkk;eLIg ehIymanplxøaMgkøadl;fñak;Føak;nrk biTsYK’ biTniBVan .
2> eFVIGMeBIl¥[dl; dlRBm
;RBm KW GMeBIl¥NaEdlmiinFøab;eFVI Rbjab;rUtrHeFVI[kan;Et
eRcIneLIg rIÉGMeBIl¥NaEdlFøab;eFVIehIy cUreFVIteTAeTot ehIyeFVI[eRcIneLIg eFVIl¥[
Rkas;ERklCagmun edIm,IbiTnrk ebIkpøÚvzansYK’ ebIkpøÚvRBHniBVan[dl;xøÜnÉg .
3> dusxat;
xatci;cti þ[pUrpg;
pg; KW rkSacitþrbs;xøÜn[pUrpg;ral;xül;dkdegðImecjcUl
eRBaHebIeyIgdkdegðImcUlehIymindkdegðImecj eyIgmuxCanwgdac;xül;søab; dkdegðIm
ecjehIymindkdegðImcUl eyIgk¾nwgdac;xül;søab;Edr esckþIsøab;KµanGVICasBaØaR)ab;
[eyIgdwgCamuneT dUecñH eyIgRtUvEteRtomxøÜnsøab;[RBmRBWsedaykarxMrkSacitþ[
pUrpg; Canic© .
PaBesAhµg nig PaBRCHføarbs; rbsci;cti þ KWCaTVarEdlebIkeTAkan;
eTAkanpø;pÚvø eLIgzansYK’
bcu¤cHu nrkEdleyIg kMNt;txø;xÜnø Ég . ebIsøab;eTAenAxN³Edlcitþl¥k;kkr eRBaHkMBug
nwkdl;)abEdlFøab;eFVITuk citþRtUvGUsTaj[eTAekItkñúgnrk RtUvTTYlrgeTasTNÐ
eTaemñj tamplkmµGaRkk;EdlFøab;eFVITukkalEdlekItCamnusS . b:uEnþebIsøab;eTAenA
xN³EdlcitþpUrpg; kMBugnwkdl;buNüEdlFøab;eFVITukkñúgGtItCati citþRtUvGUsTaj
[eTAekItelIzansYK’man TiBVsm,tþid¾RbNIttamkmøaMgénplkmµl¥EdlxøÜnFøab;eFVITuk
kalEdlekItCamnusS .
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;ENnaM[lHbg;GMeBIGaRkk; eFVIGMeBIl¥[dl;RBm duH
xat;citþ[pUrpg; edaybuBaØkiriyavtßú 10 y:ag KW
1> Tan KW bric©aKRTBüdl;GñkEdlKYr[ .
2> sIl KW sRmYmkayvaca[s¶b;erobry minsagesckþIekþARkhaydl;
GñkdéT .
3> Pavna KW hat;Bt;lt;dMcitþ[pUrpg;edaykareFVIsmaFi .
4> Gbcayn³
Gbcayn³ KW manesckþIeKarBlMGut»nGgÁcMeBaHGñkmanKuNFm’ .
281
 5> evyüavc©n³ KW CYyxVl;xVayeFVIkic©kard¾RtwmRtUv minxusc,ab; minxus
RbéBNI nig sIlFm’d¾l¥RbéB .
6> btþiTan³an³ KW ]TÞiscMENkbuNüdl;GñkdéT .
7> btþanuemaTna KW GbGrsaTrcMENkbuNüEdlGñkdéTeFVI .
8> FmµsSvn³Svn³ KW karsþab;Fm’ .
9> FmµeTsna KW karsEmþgFm’ .
10>
10> TidæúCukmµ KW karEksRmYlKMehIjrbs;xøÜn[RtwmRtUv .
buNükiriyavtßú TaMg 10 RbkarenH Gacsrub)anCa buNükiriyavtßú 3 Rbkar KW
Tan sIl Pavna .
buKÁlEdlyl;dwgeKaledArbs;CIvit sgVatceRmInmrNanusSti ehIyrUtrH
eFVIGMeBIl¥y:ageBjTMhwg EtgsmøwgemIlelaktamsPaBBit esckþITukçNak¾eday Edl
cUlmkjauMjI k¾minGaceFVI[citþrbs;eKjab;j½reTA)anEdr esckþIsuxEtgGenÞaleTA
tambuKÁlenaHral;CMhanTaMgkñúgCatienH nig Catixagmuxy:agBitR)akd .
TaMgGs;enHKWCaBaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHefr³EdlEtgEtdas;etOnsµartIfa
kuMRbmaTkñúgCIvit cUrtaMgcitþeFVIGMeBIl¥ lHbg;GMeBIGaRkk; CRmHcitþ[s¥athµt;ct;Ca
RbcaMral;éf¶ eBlevlarbs;CIviteTIbknøgeTAedaymantémø .
esµr´yl;eXIjfa karelIkykBaküTUnµanrbs;RBHefr³mkCRmabR)ab;enH lµm
nwgCYy[RbiymiRtGñkGanyl;dl;viFIsaRsþ eRtomxøÜntTl;nwgesckþITukçRbcaMCIvit)an
y:agRbugRby½tñ eRBaHKuNtémørbs;CIvitBitsßitenARtg;karecHeRbIeBlevlakñúgelak
enH[knøgeTAedaykarsagbuNü)armI biTpøÚvnrk ebIkpøÚvsYK’ ebIkpøÚvRBHniBVan[
dl;xøÜnÉg)any:ageCaKC½yenaHÉg .

282
283
 PaK 6 GvsanénCIvit

vinaTIcugeRkayrbs;«Buk

éf¶mYy manRsIRkmuMmñak;mkRkabbgÁMRBHefr³ edIm,IRbwkSaerOg

«Bukrbs;nag ehIyedaysarerOgenHCacMeNHdwgd¾sMxan;cMeBaHkaremIl
EfGñkmanKuNkñúgRKaGasnñrbs;CIvit eTIbsUmelIkykmkdMNalR)ab;
edIm,ICadMbUnµandas;etOncitþ nigviFIemIlEfvinaTIcugeRkaykñúgCIvitrbs;
Kat;y:agRtwmRtUvtameKalviC¢akñúgRBHBuT§sasna .
nagdMNalfa {enAeBlkNam©as;Gayu 10 qñaM elak)a: nigGñk
ma:k;EjkpøÚvKña ma:k;emIlEfkNam©as;Etmñak;Ég ma:k;CaGñkeCOerOg
buNüerOg)ab Kat;eTIb]sSah_dak;)aRtral;RBwkRBlwm É)a:vij\tEdl
QagmkeGItegItkNam©as;mþgNaeLIy eTaHbIebIkNam©as;dwgfa )a:
pøas;eTAenAkEnøgNak¾eday b:uEnþminEdleTArkelak)a:mþgNaeLIy)an
EtTUrs½BÞniyayKñamþgmáalb:ueNÑaH .
284
 \LÚvenH elak)a:Føak;xøÜnQWF¶n; RtUvcUlmnÞIreBTüy:agTan;hn;TaMgyb;GRFaRt
kNam©as;eTIbeTAemIlKat; eBTüR)ab;fa Kat;ekIteraKmharIk minb:unµanExeToteT Kat;
nwgputrlt; Kat;CamnusSmineCOerOgbuNüerOg)ab [kNam©as;CYyKat;y:agNa ebIkUn
eFVIbuNü[ enAeBlKat;manCIvitrs; Kat;nwg)anTTYleT ERkgelaFUres,Iy)anxøH ?} .
RBHefr³)anGFib,ayBnül;fa
{kñúgkaremIlkMdrGñkCm¶Werobnwgsøab;enaH eTaHCaQWedayCm¶WGVIk¾eday Cabzm
nagRtUvyl;sinfa ktþasMxan;CageKrbs;mnusSmunsøab; KW citþ/ citþetagEtCacitþ min
esAhµg ebIkalNaesAhµg muxCamanTuKÁtib¤G)ayCaTIeTA GMBIerOgenH RBHsmµasm<úT§
Cam©as;Rtas;CaBuT§vcn³Tukfa
{cietþ sgáiliedæ TuKÁti )adikgça} ERbfa {kalebIcitþesAhµgc,c,as; asCaman
;Caman
TuKÁtiCaTIeTA}
TA}
ehtudUecñH rhUtry³
ry³eBl 2 Ex drabdl;
drabdlvi;vni aTIcugeRkayEdl«BukenAmanCIvit
rs;
rsenH
;enH kuM[Kat;
Katmanci
;mancitþesAhµgCadac;
Cadacxat
;xat ehIyerOgEdleFVI[citþ mnusSeyIgpUrpg;
bMputenaH KW kareFVIbuNü .
kñúgkrNIEdl«BukmincUlcitþeFVIbuNüenH ebIkUnCaGñkeFVICMnYs sYrfaetIKat;)an
buNüeT ?
cemøIyfa Kat;)anEdr ebIGnuemaTnabuNüCamYynwgeyIg b:uEnþ)antic Kb,I[
Kat;eFVIxøÜnÉg GñkEdlmineCOerOgbuNüerOg)ab mineCOerOgnrk erOgzansYK’ ehIy
eCOgfa Catimuxminman søab;ehIysUnüsug BYkenHRKan;Et)abtamTan; munnwgsøab;
eRcInEtTTYlrgTukçevTnaesÞIrEtral;Kña .
kñúgzan³eyIgCakUn Kb,IenAcaMkMdrKat;Ek,r² enaH ebImancgVak;bbYlKat;snÞna
Fm’xøH² eTA naMpáaFUbeTonmk[Kat;bUCaRBHeBlRBwk eBll¶ac nig muncUleKg dMbUg²
Kat;GacminRBmeFVItam b:uEnþeyIgk¾BüayamBnül;R)ab;Kat;erOgbuNüerOg)ab R)ab;[
«BukfVaybgÁMRBH nig sURtmnþral;éf¶tamEdlGaceFVIeTA)an .

285
 ebIKat;eRkakminrYceT [sRmanþsURtmnþeTAk¾)an kalBImun enAeBlKat;enA
suxsb,ay Kat;GacfamineCO b:uEnþRKan;EtQWF¶n;ehobsøab;EbbenH kUnGFidæan[
RBHCYy Kat;Gacfa suxcitþeCO .
b¤ eyIgGacRbugeRbobcMNIGahar EpøeQI páaeQI Tuk[Kat;dak;)aRt ebIeyIg
nimnþelak[mkTTYldl;bnÞb;k¾)an b:uEnþebIelaknimnþmkmin)an b¤mþúMenaHminmanelak
eT eyIgk¾eTAdak;)aRtCMnYsKat; ehIyRtLb;mkCRmabR)ab;Kat;fa )aneTAeFVIbuNü
eFVITan[Kat;y:agenaH² .
ebIKat;enAmanbuNüxøH k¾GnuemaTnayk GakareraKTurn;Turak¾FUres,Iy ebIKat;
minRBmGVITal;EtesaH k¾tujbBaØaEdr sUm[eTATUTat;KuNenACatixagmuxcuH CatienH
minGacsgKuuN)aneT .
kalBIeRcInqñaMmun Gatµa)ansÁal;mnusSmñak;CaGaram)al¬mKÁTayk/ejamvtþ¦
Kat;ekItCm¶WTwikenamEp¥m dl;fñak;RtUvkat;eCIg eRkayBIkat;eCIgehIyfµI² evlaem:ag 2
resolral;éf¶ Kat;QWeBItmuxrbYsCaxøaMg eFVIy:agNak¾min)at; b:uEnþedaysarEtKat;
Føab;cUlvtþmkBImun citþeCOerOgbuNüerOg)ab RKan;EtGatµaeTAsYrsuxTukç k¾ykkaEst
sURtmnþ nig kaEstbeRgonviFIGgÁúysmaFieTACUn eRkayBIRss;RsUbGaharRBwkrYc
k¾[sRmanþsRmak rhUtdl;em:agmYyknøHCitdl;eBlQWeBIt [cak;kaEstsURtmnþ
sþab; sURtkMdrtampg RKan;EteBlknøgeTAdl;em:ag 2 resol Kat;k¾ePøcGakar³
eBItpSaeTA)an eFVIy:agenHCaerogral;éf¶rhUtdl;muxrbYssHes,Iy enHCakusela)ay
EdlFøab;TTYl)anlT§plmkehIy .
erOgenHCakardas;KMnitfa GñkNaEdlx¢ilsURtmnþ sUm[cab;hat;sURt kalebI
dl;RKaQWF¶n; ebICYbnwgsßanPaBEbbenH n¥alnwgxMsURtmnþsÞak;Tukmun kalebIcitþmUl
søúgetagCab;nwg karsURtmnþ k¾GacnwgePøcGakar³QWpSa)an enHCaviFIsakl,g)an
TTYlplrYcmkehIy .

286
 b:uEnþya:gNak¾eday karEdleyIgseRmccitþmkemIlEf«BukeBlmanCm¶W cat;
TukfaCaerOgRtwmRtUv eTaHbICaKat;minEdlcab;citþKitmkEfrkSaeyIgnigEm:k¾edaycuH
eRBaHfa«BukmþayCaGñkmanKuNy:agéRkElgcMeBaHeyIg .
RbkarTI 1 matabitaCaemBuml¥<lr¥ bs;
bskU;knU KW CaGñkpþl;rUbragmnusSd¾smsYn
kñúgkarsagGMeBIl¥RKb;y:ag ehtudUecñaH eTaHbICa«BukmþayminciBa©wmbI)ac;buRtFIta
k¾eday k¾)aneQµaHfa CaGñkmanRBHKuNrYceRsceTAehIy ehIyebIBYkKat;ciBa©wmbI)ac;
eFVImuxgarmatabitay:ageBjeljeTot RBHKuNrbs;Kat;k¾rwtEteRcIn\tKNna .
RbkarTI 2 matabitaCaGñkpþlGP½ ;GP½yeTasdl;
eTasdlkU;knU Canic© minRbkan;
Rbkanxw;xgw sUm,IebI
eCrsþI b¤ vaydMkUnxøH k¾eRBaHEtesckþIRsLaj; esckþIRBYy)armÖ eRbonRbedAkUn[Ca
mnusSl¥/ ral;eBl EdlrMBat;b:HxÞb;sac;kUn eCOCak;fa vahak;bIdUcCamankaMbitqUt
mkelIebHdUgrbs;matabitaGBa©wgEdr kñúgelakenH KµanGñkNaEdlRsLaj;kUn eFVICa
miRtBitcMeBaHkUndUcmatabitaeLIy eRBaHBYkKat;manEt[kUn min)ac;regÁosfamatabita
k,t;Tuy’scMeBaHkUndUcGñkdéTeLIy .
RbkarTI 3 RBHKuNrbs;
rbsmatabi
;matabitamaneRcInNas;
Nas; hYsnwgTUTat;at[; Gs;
Gs); an kUnl¥
RtUvEtrlwknwkeXIjRBHKuNrbs;matabita[eBjebHdUgCanic© RbtibtþiKat;[)anl¥
bMput [smnwgKat;CaRBHkenøagkñúgRKYsar .
Parkic©rbs;kUnEdlRtUvGnuvtþcMeBaHmatabita man 5 cMNuc KW
1¦ caMemIlEfKat;[)anl¥ taMgBIerOgcMNIGahar semøokbMBak; lMenAGaRs½y
eBlQWfáat; CYyrkSaBüa)alKat;[)anl¥bMput eFVI[Canic©kal drabdl;vinaTIcug
eRkayrbs;Kat; .
2¦ RbRBwtþxøÜnCamnusSsøÚtRtg; sagekrþ×eQµaHdl;vgSRtkUl eFVI[matabitaekIt
bItiesamnsS .
3¦ RbRBwtþxøÜn[smrmüCaGñkTTYlekrþ×dMENl .
4¦ eFVIkargarCMnYsKat;min[ex©aHeføaHeFøay .

287
 5¦ dwknaM b¤ sRmYl eRCamERCmKat;[man»kaseFVITan rkSasIl nig ceRmIn
Pavna nwg)anCakMNb;buNüCab;xøÜneTAkan;sm,rayPB CakarRtYsRtaypøÚveTAkan;RBH
niBVanCUnKat; Parkic©enHCatYnaTIsMxan;bMputEdlbuRtFItaRtUvEtGnuvtþcMeBaHmatabita .
sUm,ITIbMput eTaHbICaKat;)ak;EbkEckzanBIelakenHehIyk¾eday buRtFItak¾
RtUvEteFVIbuNü RcUcTwk ]TÞiscMENkkuslplbuNüCUnKat;Canic©kalpgEdr }
esµr´Kitfa erOgenHCaKtidas;etOncitþfa enAxN³EdlmatabitabMeBjmuxgar
ciBa©wmkUn[CakulTayaTl¥enaH k¾Kg;nwgminePøceTAeFVImuxgarkñúgzan³CakUncMeBaH
matabitaxøÜnÉg b¤ yaytarbs;kUnpg edIm,I[kUn)aneXIjKMrUfa eKKYrRbNib½tn_cMeBaH
matabitay:agNaenAeBlmatabitacas;Cra ehIynigkñúgvinaTIcugeRkayrbs;matabita
mkdl; ecHemIlEfcitþmatabita[RsLHRsLM edIm,Inwg)aneTAkan;suKtiy:agRtwmRtUv
tameKalviTüakñúgRBHBuT§sasna EdlGVITaMgGs;enHEdleyIgeFVI[kUnemIl nwgLgmk
rkxøÜneyIgenARKaEdlxøÜnRtUvRbQmmuxnwgvinaTIcugeRkayrbs;eyIghñwgÉg .

288
289
 PaK 6 GvsanénCIvit

bUCnIybuKÁlRbcaMRKYsar

cab;taMgBIqñaM 1999 mk manr)aykarN_mYy[dwgfa sßitirbs;

mnusScas;RtUvkUnecAe)aHbg;ecal ekIneLIgCaerOy² edayrYmminticCa
3Esnnak;kñúg 1 qñaM rIÉmnÞIrseRgÁaHCnCraTTYlyk)anEt 200 nak;kñúg
1 qñaMbu:eNÑaH mUlehtubNþalmkBIkUnecAFujRTan;mnusScas; nigmin
RBmTTYlbnÞúkemIlEf/ ninñakarmnusScas;RtUvkUn ecAe)aHbg;ecalekIn
eLIgEbbenH bgáesckþItk;søt;rn§t;citþCaxøaMgcMeBaHGñkEdlRbTHeXIj .
290
 bBaðakare)aHbg;ecalmatabitaGñkmanRBHKuN[Føak;xøÜndundabenAeBlcas;Cra
cat;TukfabBaðacm,grbs;sgÁmEdlmanRBHBuT§sasnaCasasnaRbcaMCati BIeRBaH
RBHBuT§sasnabeRgon fa matabitamansar³sMxan;bIdUcCaRBHGrhnþrbs;RKYsareTob
)aTmUlrbs;matabita cat;TukdUcCapøÚveLIgzansYK’rbs;buRtFIta .
dUntaeRkInrMlwkfa mnusSeyIgeTaHeFVIGVIceRmInlUtlas;dl;fñak;Nak¾eday emIl
enARtg;fa eKecHtbsñgsgKuNmatabitaEdrrWeT BIeRBaHkñúgelakenH KµanGñkNaman
KuNelIsln;CagmatabitaeLIy b:uEnþebIRKan;EtmatabitaeKenAEteFVI)ab KµanpøÚvNa
EdleKnwgktBaØÚktevTICamYynwgGñkepSgeLIy pøÚvceRmIneTAmuxEtgminmandl;CnNa
Edle)aHbg;matabitaecalenaHeT .
tamsMdITUnµanrbs;dUnta RbsinebIkUnecAsmøwgemIleTAeRkay enAeBlxøÜnenA
Cakumar enACaTarkedkGRgwg minTan;CYyxøÜnÉgrYc Rsab;EtmatabitanwkFujRTan;eyIg
bIeyIgykeTA e)aHecalkñúgFugsRmamb¤e)aHecaltamcieBa©Imfñl; eyIgRbEhlCa
KµaneBleXIjBnøWéf¶dUc éf¶enHeTb¤RbsinebIrs;ranmk)an k¾Kg;nwgCaekµgsat;GENþt
EstGBa¢g; Gt;)ayRkhayTwk KµanGnaKtdUcéf¶enHeT eRBaHehtuenaH RKan;EtRBH
KuNEdlmatabitaTTYlykeyIgCakUn mine)aHbg;ecaleyIg[søab;kñúgv½ykumarb:un
eNH/ RBHKuNrbs;matabitak¾eRcInelIsln;hYsnwgTUTat;sg[Gs;)aneTAehIy .
ehtudUecñH GVIEdlRtwmRtUv KW kartbsñµgsgRBHKuNrbs;matabita[smnwgkar
EdlBYkKat;TTYlykeyIgCakUnciBa©wmeyIg mine)aHbg;eyIgecal eTaHbIeBlxøHRtUv
lM)akGt;)ayRkhayTwkk¾eday matabitak¾suxcitþGt;xøÜnÉg edIm,I[kUn)anEqñteBaH
mun/ matabitaGt;Fµt;RKb;y:agedIm,IrkviFIciBa©wmeyIg[FMlUtlas;)andl;sBVéf¶enH .
tambBaðaEdlelIkykmkdMNalR)ab;Rtg;xagedImenH eFVI[Gt;Kitmin)andl;
xøÜnÉgenAeBlGvsanénCIvit fa kalebICraPaBcUlRKbsgát;TaMgRsug kmøaMkMEhglðit
élð ragkayElgsþab;bgÁab; esckþImYem:AekþARkhayxøÜnÉgEdleFVIGVImin)andUccitþdUcBI
munk¾maneRcIneLIg enAeBleFVIGVI² k¾degðayehAkUnecA[mkCYy sUm,IEtkarbt;eCIg k¾
RtUvBwgBak;kUnecAcaMCYyemIlEfRKb;dMNak;kal sPaBragkayRTuDeRTameTAEbbenH
291
kuMfaeLIyEtxøÜnÉgrMxan sUm,IEtkUnecA k¾rMxanEdr ebIminRsLaj;dUntaEmnETneT eK
k¾mincg;emIlEfEdr kUnxøHEdls‘‘URTaMemIlEf eRBaHsmøwgeXIjRTBümrtkk¾man .
etIeyIgmanviFINaedIm,IkarBarbBaðaePøcKuNdUntaenHmin[ekIteLIgkñúgRKYsar
rbs;eyIg?
dUnta)anGFib,ayeKalkarN_enHTuky:agc,as;las; fa edIm,IkarBarkUnecA
min[ePøcKuNdUnta viFIl¥bMput KW matabitaRtUvdwknaMkUntaMgBIenAekµg[CYyTMnukbRmug
yaytarbs;kUnecACanic©kal matabitaemIlEfdUnta)anl¥bun: Na teTAxagmux
eKk¾nwgemIlEfmatabitay:agenaHEdrtamEdleKTTYlkarhVwkhat;mk .
ehIyRbkarsMxan; KW karEdlnwgdaMbNþúHBUCénktBaØÚktevTita[TTYl)an
lT§plqab;rh½senaH enAeBlmatabita[kUncUlrYmkñúgkaremIlEfCIdUnCItaRtUvBN’na
RBHKuNrbs;elak[kUnsþab;TaMgenAcMeBaHmux nig kM)aMgmux kareFVIy:agenH kUnnwgemIl
eXIjrUbPaBCak;EsþgénbuKÁlGñkmanktBaØÚktevTitaGMBImatabitarbs;eK eKk¾nwgdwgfa
karEdlCamnusSmanktBaØÚktevTitacMeBaHmatabitaenaH RtUvEtRbRBwtþxøÜny:agNa eTIb
RtwmRtUv .
b:uEnþebImatabitabdibtþiyaytabeNþIr rG‘Upg eCrpg b¤ CYnkalbUjmat;BUtdMuéd
vaydMKat;edaykMhwgeqvqavTaMgenAcMeBaHmux nig kM)aMgmuxkUn/ kUn)aneXIj)anlWk¾caM
TukCaEbby:ag ehIyk¾nwgeFVI)abyaytadUcEdlmatabitaeFVIEdr kmµeBorevraenHnwg
LgmkrkmatabitaenAeBlcas;Cra esckþIrkaMcitþEdlyaytaFøab;Kit fa kUnecAmin
RsLaj;xøÜn esckþIrkaMcitþEdlxøÜnÉghak;bIdUcCaGtiPaKrbs;RKYsar esckþIrkaMcitþ
eRBaHmindwgfanwgeTATINa esckþIrkaMcitþEdlKitfaGn;CagGñkbeRmI k¾LgmkTmøay
dYgcitþrbs;matabitavijkñúgRKaGvsanénCIvit eRBaHEteFVIKMrUminl¥[kUnemIl .
matabitacg;[kUnemIlEfxøÜnenAeBlcas;Cra[)anl¥bMputy:agNa RtUvEtemIl
EfmatabitaxøÜnÉg[l¥bMputpgEdr KYbpSMnwgkarhat;Bt;lt;dMkUn[ecHemIlEfyayta
pg éf¶NamYyenAeBlkUnFMeLIgehIy eKnwgemIlEf«Bukmþay[)anl¥bMput KµanGIV
mkb:HTgÁwHcitþ)aneLIy manEttaMgcitþykbuNüemIlEfmatabitaEtmü:ag .
292
 karEdlnwgdaMbNþúHBUCénktBaØÚktevTita[TTYl)an
lT§plqab;rh½senaH enAeBlmatabita[kUncUlrYmkñúg
karemIlEfCIdUnCItaRtUvBN’naRBHKuNrbs;elak[kUn
sþab;TaMgenAcMeBaHmux nigkM)aMgmuxkareFVIy:agenHkUnnwg
emIleXIjrUbPaBCak;EsþgénbuKÁlGñkmanktBaØÚktevTita
GMBImatabitarbs;eK

eTaHCay:agNak¾eday naxN³EdlmatabitadaMbNþúHktBaØÚktevTitadl;kUn
ehIy dUntak¾das;etOnteTAeTotfa matabitaRtUvEteRtomxøÜncas;TukCamunpg mann½y
fa kareRtomxøÜneFVICabUCnIybuKÁlRbcaMRKYsarhñwgÉg .
RbsinebIminhVwkhat;xøÜnÉgTukmuneT RKan;EtGayusgçarrYyraveTAeRcInehIy
k¾nwgsRmbcitþminTan; ehIyk¾manPaBtantwgxwgcitþedaymkeTot køayCabrieyasan
CIvitEdlmanesckþITukçeRBaHminRBmeRtomxøÜnTukmunhñwg .
kareRtomxøÜneFVICabUCnIybuKÁlRbcaMRKYsarKYrmanxvtþRbtibtþidUcemþcxøH?
Cabzm eyIgKb,IRCabCamunfa mnusScas; man 2 RbePT KW

293
 RbePTTI 1 ehAfa cas;
casecalemSót
;ecalemSót b¤cas;
cas\; tGMeBI
cas
KWCamnusScas;RbePTEdlrhUtmYyCIvitknøgmkminEdlsagGMeBIl¥[CadMu
kMPYn Tank¾minsUv[ sIlk¾minsUvrkSa karsURtmnþ ceRmInPavna sikSaRsavRCavrav
rkcMeNHdwgpøÚvFm’ k¾mincUlcitþ manCIvitrs;enAknøgeTAmYyéf¶eday\ttémø .
mnusScas;RbePTenHCamnusScas;KYr[rMxan eRBaHCamnusSxVHehtupl xVH
vicarNjaN kUnecAmincg;cUleTAEk,r mnusScas;RbePTenHÉgEdlbgá[manbBaða
kñúgRKYsar dUcCa bBaðaeRbHqarvagmþayekµk nig kUnRbsaRsI CaedIm ehIymnusScas;
RbePTenHÉgEdlkUnecAminTTYl)ancMeNHdwg nig GMeBIl¥GVIbun: µan eTIbeFVI[kUnecAnwk
GMeBIl¥minecj RtUvkUnecAykmke)aHbg;ecalCaTIbMput .
RbePTTI 2 ehAfa cas;casbu;bN
u ü b¤cas;
cas); armI
cas
KWCamnusScas;RbePTEdlrhUtmYyCIvitknøgmk eRkAEtBIykcitþTukdak;Rbkb
rbrrkTTYlTan nig snSMRTBüsm,tþi eRtomTukcayvayenARKaGvsanénCIvitedIm,I
min[rMxanGñkdéTehIy kñúgEpñkkarRbRBwtþRbtibtþi kiriyamaryaTk¾Eklm¥xøÜnÉg
CarhUt edayKiteXIjfa éf¶NamYyenAeBlxagmux kalebIeyIgcas;eTA nwgmin)an
CaTIrMxanrbs;kUnecA .
kñúgpøÚvFm’ k¾xitxMsikSaeKalFm’kñúgRBHBuT§sasna taMgcitþ[Tan rkSasIl
ceRmInPavnatamlMdab; eRkABIenHEfmTaMgcaMTUnµaneRbonRbedAkUnecACaRbcaMeTotpg .
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;Rtas;ehAbuKÁlRbePTenHfa bUCnIybuKÁlrbs;kUnecA KW
CabuKÁlEdlKYr[eKarB KYr[RkabsMBH mnusScas;RbePTenHmanenAkñúgRKYsarNa
RKYsarenaHmanEtesckþIsuxekSmkSanþKYrnadUcCamanRBHkñ RBHkñúgpÞHdUecñaH .
mnusScas;RbePTenH Rbkan;eKalkarN_kñúgkarciBa©wmCIvitgay² KW
1> Büayamdak;
Büayamdak); aRt KW eFVIbuNü[TanrhUt dak;)aRtCaRbcaMral;RBwk Cakar
snSMes,ógqøgPBqøgCatiteTAxagmux .

294
 2> BüayamrkSasIl 5 y:agtwgrwugral;éf¶ CaBiess sRmYmsIlxTI 4 KW
minniyaykuhk TaMgmint¥ÚjEt¥rrETrTaM TaMgeFVIxøÜn[CamnusSrs;enARsYl
hUbcukRsYl éf¶ekar éf¶sIl k¾BüayamrkSa]e)asfsIl .
3> BüayamrkeBlGgÁúysmaFi smaF taMgcitþGgÁúyTaMgRBwkRBag éf¶Rtg; nig muncUl
sRmaneBlyb ; edIm,Idusxat;CRmHcitþ[PøWføa .
Kat;RbRBwtþxøÜn[CaKMrUl¥dl;kUnecAemIl eBlTMenrk¾Gb;rMsIlFm’[ekµgkñúg
RKYsar dMNalerOgniTanxøH dMNalbTBiesaFn_CIvitEdlCaRbeyaCn_xøH edIm,ICa
]TahrN_das;etOncitþ[kUnecAsßitenAkñúgsIlFm’ .
elIsBIenaHeTot Kat;minlUkédcUlerOgépÞkñúgrbs;kUnRbsaCadac;xat eRBaH
yl;faCamnusSeBjv½yehIy muxCaecHTTYlPar³Pñak;garepSg²kñúgRKYsar nig ecH
edaHRsaybBaðaedayxøÜnÉg edayminmanKat;cUleTATak;Tin b¤ cUleTACaGaCJkNþal
caMsRmuHsRmYlRKb;EterOgeLIy TIbMputBYkeKnwgkøayCassrRTUgrbs;RKYsarmk
CMnYsKat;)anteTA .
RTBüsm,tþiNaEdlenAman k¾cab;epþImpÞúkpþak;[CaPar³rbs;kUnecAEfrkSakar
BarteTA eRBaHyl;eXIjfa eBlevlarbs;xøÜnenAsl;ticehIy RtUvedaHédecjBIbnÞúk
emIlkarxusRtUv ekrþ×mrtkrbs;buBVCnehIyRbKl;[CaPar³Pñak;garbs;kUn²emIlEfvij
ÉRTBüsm,tþiEdlduHdalecjBIesckþIRbwgERbgrbs;xøÜn Rtg;cMENkEdlRtUvdMkl;Tuk
Caluyéf¶cat;EcgbuNüsB nig eFVIbuNüTkçiNanub,Tan Kat;k¾EbgEckTukedayELk
rYceRscehIy minTuk[CaPar³erOgéføerobcMbuNüsBKat;eLIy cMENkEdlenAsl;
BIenH Kat;k¾RbKl;[CaedImTunkñúgkaremIlEfrkSaRKYsarrbs;kUnecAterogeTA Kat;Ebg
EckRTBümrtkTukrYcCaeRscehIy RBmTaMgeRtomxøÜnsøab;RKb;eBlevla ebIéf¶Na
mYyRtUvputrlt;BIelakenHeTA Kat;yl;fa)aneFVImuxgar CabUCnIybuKÁlrbs;RKYsar
eBjeljehIy .
RbiymiRtGñkGanCaTIeKarB ¡ elakGñkmuxCaemIleXIjehIyfa mnusScas;
RbePTTI 2 enH kñúgRKaGvsanénCIvit minmanesckþIkeNþackENþgGVIeLIy eRBaHkUn
295
ecAcg;cUleTAEk,r cg;cUleTAEnbnitü BIeRBaHkan;EtcUlCit kan;Et)anTaMgcMeNHdwg
GMeBIl¥ PaBTan;sgÁm PaBTan;CIvit nig PaBRtCak;RtCuMsuxduMrmnaCaRbRktI ehtudUecñH
kalebIeyIgemIleXIjGnaKtcMNas;Crarbs;xøÜnÉgehIy eyIgKb, Kb,IRbugxøÜncas;
casTu;Tku
Camun KW eRtomxøÜnCaRBHkñ
CaRBHkñúgpÞH taMgBIéf¶enHteTA .

296
297
 PaK 6 GvsanénCIvit

kar[BrkUnecA

enAeBlCIvitQancUlkan;nItiCnPaBeRcInbu:nNakarRbsiT§iBrC½y
[kUnecAekItkalvalKumÖ RtCak;RtCuM emIleTAdUcCatYnaTIcMbgrbs;
RBwFCnEdlbEnßmeLIgmYykRmiteTot b:uEnþkarRbsiT§iBrC½yenaH ebIeFVI
minsmrmünwgvyvuDÆinigKuNvuDÆirbs;RBwFCneT kUnecAk¾min[esckþI
eKarBrab;GanekatERkgcitþ kar)ansikSaeronsURtfa CIdUnCItarbsarbs;
rbs;
eyIgmaneKalkarnigviFIkar[
ar[BrdUcemþc? kUnecAeTIbcg;cUleTACit
taMgenAkñúg»vaTnigceRmInv½yeLIgCaBlrdæl¥rbs;sgÁm nigCYy[eyIg
emIleXIjrUbPaBsRmb xøÜnÉgcUlkan;CIvitcugeRkayc,as;las;eLIg .
298
{ kar[Br } KWGVI ?
{ Br } mkBIBaküfa { vr{
vr ¬vv³r³¦kñúgPasa)alI
{ vr { ERbfa esckþIRbesIr
kar[
kar[Br )andl;
andl; kar[
kar[esckþIRbesIr
dUecñH karEdlcas;TuM[BrkUnecA KW kar[esckþIRbesIrdl;kUnecAhñwgÉg .

sar³sMxan;énkar[Br
manmnusSCaeRcInnak;GacnwgminFøab;dwgmkBImunfa kar[
kar[BrkUnecA CaRbéBNI
bUraNEdlRkumRKYsarsm½ymunnimybdibtþiCakic©vtþRbcaMéf¶ edayCaerogral;éf¶ mun
eBlcUlsRmanþ «Bukmþaynigjatibgb¥ÚnkñúgpÞH k¾naMkUnecARKb;KñamkRkabfVaybgÁM
suMBrBICIdUnCItay:agRBmeRBogKña ehIydUntak¾niyayesIerIrMlwkGMeBIl¥rbs;xøÜnEdl)an
eFVIkñúgéf¶enaHmkCaBakü[Brdl;kUnecA eFVI[kUnecA)aneXIjKMrUl¥BICIdUnCIta køayeTA
CakarbNþúHBUCKWKuNFm’GMeBIl¥enAkñúgeKhdæan TaMgCakarpSaM[kUnecAmanesckþIeCO
Cak;kñúgeOgkareFVIl¥)anl¥ eFVIGaRkk;)anGaRkk;Caral;rhUt .
sgÁmeyIgsm½ymunrs;enAedayesckþIsux bBaðasgÁmk¾mantictYc eRBaHRkumRKY
sarPaKeRcInrbs;RbeTs)anGaRs½ykic©vtþTaMgGs;enH rkSaGMeBIl¥rbs;cas;TuMEdlenA
kñúgeKhdæan)anpþl;[dl;kUnecACanic© .
kar[BrmuncUldMeNkenH CIdUnCIta)anRbkan;faCaerOgcm,grbs;RkumRKYsar
eRBaHelakdwgc,as;fa RbsinebIRkumRKYsarNamYyXøatq¶ayBIBakü[Brrbs;cas;TuMenA
kñúgeKhdæanehIy k¾hak;dUcCaeKhdæanenaH { xVHkarRBmeRBogKñ
karRBmeRBogKña} dUecñaH .
enAeBlpÞHxVHkarRBmeRBogKñaehIyk¾dUcCapÞHenaHGt;
enaHGtmanTw
;manTwkcitþdl;lKñ;Kañ nigKña
eRBaHxVHsMeLgFm’ xVHGñk[kmøaMgcitþ xVHsMeLgetOnsµartIrbs; bscas;
;casTu;TMku ñúgpÞH .
cas

299
 TMnas;Tas;ETgKña karb:HTgÁicKña esckþIRsegHRsegac RsBab;RseBan karxVH
kmøaMgcitþrbs;smaCikkñúgpÞH k¾nwgERCkcUlmkmYyrMeBc PaBkk;ekþAemRtIPaBrbs;
smaCikkñúgpÞHk¾Føak;cuHbnþicmþg² rhUtdl;Gs; .
TIbMput pÞHmYyxñgenHmanEterOgeCrsþI erOgTas;ETgvivaT sMeLgpwksuILÚLa
erOgG)aymuxekIteLIgCaerogral;éf¶ esckþIsuxkúñgpÞHmYYyxñgenHk¾)at;Gs;eTARBmTaMg
sMeLgcas;TuMEdl)an[BrkUnecA .
RkumRKYsarEdlyl;dl;esckþIsMxan;rbs;kic©vtþenH eTIb)anhVwkhat;kUnecA[
s‘b;nwgkareTAsuMBrBICIdUnCIta nig «BukmþaymuneBlcUldMeNkCaerogral;yb; .
manRkumRKYsarxøHEdlCIdUnCIta)anlacakelakenHeTAehIy b:uEnþ«Bukmþay
k¾enAEtnaMkUnecAeTARkabrUbPaBrbs;Kat;CMnYsvij ehIy«Bukmþayk¾CaGñkniyayerob
rab;erOg[kUnsþab;fa Kat;Føab;eFVIGMeBIl¥Tukdl;vgSRtkUldUcemþc .
b:uEnþbc©úb,nñ kic©vtþenH)anXøatq¶ayBIsgÁmRKYsareyIgmkCaeRcInqñaMehIy eFVI[
ekItbBaðamnusScas;CraRtUvkUnecAe)aHbg; bBaðaRkumRKYsar bBaðakarElglHKñamankan;
EteRcIneLIg² eRBaHxVHkarRBmeRBogKñaCaerogral;éf¶enHÉg .
eRkABIenH bBaðamYycMnYnk¾ekIteLIg eRBaH sBVéf¶enH KURskrPaKeRcInniym
bMEbkxøÜneTAsagRKYsarfµIedayxøÜnÉg enAkñúgpÞHrYmKñamanRtwmEt«Bukmþay nig kUn
»kasEdlkUnnwgTTYl)anBrBICIdUnCIta KW yUr² eTIbTTYl)anmþg «Bukmþayk¾minsUv
yl;dwgdl;sar³sMxan;kñúgerOgenHeT eTIbeFVItYnaTICMnYsCIdUnCItamin)anl¥ karb:HTgÁic
kñúgpÞHrvag«BukmþaykUnk¾ekItmaneLIgCaRbcM RkumRKYsarxøHmansßanPaBGaRkk;Nas;
eRBaHsmaCikRKYsarrs;enAerog²xøÜn ehIyTIbMputk¾naMeTArkkarEbk)ak;RkumRKYsar
edaymñak;² mindwgmUlehtufabBaðaenHekItecjBIkgVHsamKÁIPaBkñúgRKYsarerogral;éf¶
hñwgÉg .
kñúgkrNIEdlRkumRKYsarmYyenAminTan;manPaBRBmRBWs «BukmþayRtUvEbrmux
rkKñaedaytaMgCMhrfa eyIgminRtUvbeNþay[pÞHmYyxñgenH manrlkrgÁMERbHqars;enA
erog²xøÜnya:genHteTAeTot)aneT eyIgRtUvEtcab;epþImsagkic©vtþRBmeRBogcitþKMnitkñúg
300
RkumRKYsar edaykarbgVwkkUn[RkabsuMBr«BukmþaymuneBlcUldMeNkCaRbcaMtaMgBI
eBlenHterogeTA edayGñkmþayCaGñkcab;epþImnaMkUneTAsuMBrBIelak«BukmuneBlcUl
dMeNk BIeRBaHelak«BukCaemRKYsar eRkayBI«Buk[Brdl;kUnrYcehIy eTIbelak«Buk
R)ab;kUn[suMBrBIGñkmþaymþg kñúgzan³CaGñkRKaMRT]btßmÖ[kUnmanCMenOneCOnelOn
CaedIm .
RbsinebI«BukmþayseRmccitþnigkMNt;kic©vtþRbcaMpÞHTukmkya:genHehIy k¾dUc
CakMNt;eKaledAénPaBkk;ekþAemRtIPaBdl;RkumRKYsarTukGBa©wg pÞHsMEbgk¾minxVHPaB
RBmRBWsteTAeTot ÉdMNak;kalcugeRkayénCIvitk¾maneKalGHGagfa kUnecAnigmin
beNþay[GpSúkRsegHRsegacEtmñak;ÉgeT eRBaH)anhVwkkUnecA[ecHcUleTArkcas;
RBwT§acarütaMgEtBIekµgmkehIy ehIyRKb;eBlEdlcUleTArk«Bukmþay eKk¾nwgnwkKit
fa xøÜnÉg)anTTYlEterOgl¥² BIcas;RBwT§acarüCanic©enaHÉg .

esckþIRbesIrekIteLIgkñúgxøÜn)andUcemþc?
enAeBleyIgdwgfa kar[BrKWGVI? ehIymanesckþIsMxan;dUcemþcnigmancMNucsM
xan;EdlKYr[cab;citþteTotfa esckþIRbesIrekIteLIgdl; dlxø;xÜnø Gñk[Br)
Br)andUcemþc?
tamkarRsavRCav)anrkeXIjfa tameKalkarkñúgRBHBuT§sasna { citþ } rbs;
mnsSmanKuNsm,tþixusBIstVelakRbePTepSg² KW
1¦ citþGachat;Bt;lt;dM[manKuNPaBl¥RbesIreLIg)an
2¦ citþGackm©at;GMeBIminl¥ecjeTA)an
3¦ citþGacsnSMesckþIbrisuT§Tuk)an
edaylkçN³BiessenHÉg ebIcitþrbs;mnusSsnSMEtGMeBIl¥k¾køayCacitþEdl
l¥)an EtebIsnSMGMeBIGaRkk;k¾køayCacitþEdlGaRkk;)anEdr .
b:uEnþedaysarEtcitþrbs;mnusSeyIgenHminEmnmanEtGMeBIGaRkk;rhUtdl;min
manGMeBIl¥enaHeT eRBaHebIya:genaHk¾Kg;Føak;nrkePøIgeqHGs;eTAehIy .

301
 pÞúyeTAvij citþrbs;mnusSeyIgk¾minEmnmanEtGMeBIl¥suT§²eT b:uEnþk¾manGMeBI
GaRkk;layLMEdr eRBaHebIya:genaHk¾Kg;CaRBHGrhnþeTAehIy.
eRBaHEtkñúgxøÜnmnusSeyIgenH manTaMgGMeBIl¥nigGMeBIGaRkk;laycUlKñaenAkñúg
xøÜn eTIbRtUvrkpøÚvEkERbEpñkEdlminl¥[Gs; ehIyBüayambEnßmEpñkl¥[maneRcIn
eLIg² tamGayuEdlecHEtrMkileTACaerogral;éf¶ .
edImehtuEdlsagesckþIminRbesIr[dl;xøÜnmnusSeyIgenaHehAfa { kiels }
man 3 BYk KW ³
1> cMNg;gcg;
;cg); an ¬elaP³¦ KW eXIjEtRbeyaCn_
cg EtRbeyaCnxø_xÜnø cg;cg); anminecHsáb; kMNaj;
aj;
sVitsVaj mincg; cgEbgEckeTA[
;EbgEckeTA[GñkdéT dUcCa cas;TuMNamYymanesckþIelaPln;
EbgEckeTA
cg;)anRTBüGñkdéTRCuleBk kUnecAk¾Kg;RkvIk,alCasBaØabgðajfamincg;cUlCit b¤
ebIekµgNasgVatcg;)anhUs eFVIxøÜnCaecar cg;)anrbs;GñkdéTRCuleBk mnusScas;
enaHmincg;[ekµgenaHcUlpÞHsEm,gEdr .
2> kMhwg ¬eTas³¦ KW karRtUvxÞas;sci;cti þ ehIycg;
cgbM;bpM øaj[
j[Gs; Gs; dUcCa mnusScas;
NamYy eqvqav qab;xwg kUnecAk¾mincg;eTAEk,r b¤fa ebIekµgNarMGYy qab;xwg CaerOy²
cas;TuMk¾mincg;[cUlpÞHEdr .
3> esckþIvegVg ¬emah³¦ KW Pav³
Pav³Edlcitþggwtggl;ggledaybBaØ
;edaybBaØa eXIjxusCaRtUv
eXIjRtUvCaxus eXIjexµACas eXIjl¥CaGaRkk;aGaRkk; eFVI[Kitxus niyayxus eFVIxus .
dUcCa mnusSNamYylMeGogedayGKti RcENnQñanIs cUlcitþninÞaGñkdéT
kUnecAk¾mincg;cUleTAEk,r rWebIekµgNamYycUlcitþhitkav cUlcitþesBeRKOgejon
cas;TuMk¾mincg;[cUlpÞHEdr .
GMeBIminl¥TaMg 3 y:agenH enAcaMraraMgBaMgpøÚvGMeBIl¥ kan;EtraraMgeRcInb:unNa
esckþIRbesIrk¾Føak;cuHb:ueNÑaHEdr nrNaCYbk¾mincg;cUleTAEk,r enAeBlekItCm¶WQWfáat;
k¾KµanGñkNaemIlEfrkSa .
pÞúyeTAvij ebInrNaFøab;Gatµaniymb:uNÑa b:uEnþ\LÚvenH)anBüayamkm©at;ecal
Gs;ehIy .
302
 ebInrNaFøab;xwgeqvqavxøaMgbu:NÑa b:uEnþ\LÚvenH )anBüayamkm©at;ecalGs;
ehIy .
ebInrNaFøab;RcENnQñanIsxøaMgbu:NÑa b:uEnþ\LÚvenH)anKitfakarRcENneKmin
)aneFVI[eyIgRbesIreLIgeLIy k¾Qb;RcENneTotehIy .
mnusSEdlBüayamkm©at;GMeBIGaRkk;ecjBIcitþya:genH minyUrbu:nµankarKitl¥
niyayl¥nigeFVIl¥k¾RtUvsnSMTukenAkñúgcitþeRcIn nisS½yl¥²k¾ekIteLIgmkehIykøayCa
esckþIRbesIrxøaMgeLIg² enAkñúgxøÜn .
esckþIRbesIrrbs;mnusSeyIgminecaHcMeBaHEtmnusScas;bu:eNÑaHeT sUm,IEt
ekµgk¾manesckþIRbesIr)anEdr kMelaHRkmuMk¾GacmanesckþIRbesIr)anEdr [RKan;Et
taMgcitþhVwkhat;Gb;rMxøÜnÉg[)anBitR)akd .

viFIsagesckþIRbesIr[ekIteLIgdl;xøÜn
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;[viFIsagesckþIRbesIr[ekIteLIgdl;xøÜn edaykar
km©at;cesckþIelaP esckþIeRkaF esckþIvegVg TukkñúgBaküeRbonRbedAerOgbuBaØkiriyavtßú
3 rYcral;ehIy enaH KW
1> km©at;tesckþ
;esckþIelaPedaykar[
laPedaykar[TanCaerOy²
TanCaerOy²
CIdUnCItarbs;eyIgsm½ymun eBleRkakBIdMeNktaMgBIRBwkRBag ehIyk¾ehAkUn
ecA[eRtom)aysmøsRmab;dak; )aRtTuk[Kat; smaCikkñúgRKYsark¾RtUveRkakmk
CYyKñaEdr ehIyKat;CaGñknaMkUnecA RKb;Kñadak;)aRtRBHPikçúsgÇtaMgEtRBwkRBlwm
edayRBmeRBogKña .
eRkABIenHbnÞab;BIdak;)aRtrYcehIy CIdUnCItak¾naMkUnecARcUcTwk]TÞiskusl[dl;
buBVbursEdl)anEbkkayTMlayxn§eTA TaMgGs;enHesµInwgkarbNþúHktBaØÚktevTI[dl;
kUnecA ehIynigkarhVwkhat;citþ[Tn;Pøn; TaMg[manemtþaeTotpg .

303
 cMENkÉpÞHEdlenAq¶ayBIvtþ eBlRBwkRBHPikçúminedIrkat;muxpÞHKat;k¾eRbI[kUn
ecAeRtom)aysmøTukEdr ehIyKat;k¾eFVIdMeNIreTARbeKndl;TIvtþedayxøÜnÉg ebIKat;eTA
xøÜnÉgmin)ank¾eRbIGñkdéT[ykeTARbeKnCMnYs ehIymuneBlykeTARbeKn Kat;k¾
ekaHehAkUnecAral;KñamkGFidæancitþrYmKña ehIybBa¢ÚntMNagmñak;naMykGahareTA
RbeKnRBHPikçúsgÇenAÉvtþ EdlRtUvdak;evnKñaykGahareTAvtþCaRbcaM .
ehtuplEdlKat;bNþúH[kUnecAral;KñaenAkñúgpÞHeRkakmkdak;)aRt k¾eRBaHEt
Kat;cg;[kUnecARKb;KñamanTmøab;kñúgkar[Tan eBleRkakBIdMeNkmktaMgBIRBwk kMu
beNþay[citþl¥k;l¥n; kuMKitelaPcg;)anrbs;GñkdéT b:uEnþ[Rbjab;Rbjal;eFVIGMeBIl¥
[)anTan;eBlevla eRBaHCIvitCaFmµCatmineTog RKb;KñakñúgRkumRKYsareTIbcab;epþIm
éf¶fµIedaycitþpUrpg; minl¥k;kkr nig manEtcitþKiteRCamERCg[GñkdéTeFVIGMeBIl¥eRcIn
eLIgedaycab;epþImBIkardak;)aRtRBHPikçúsgÇenHÉg .
xusKñanwgeBlRBwkrbs;mnusSPaKeRcInkñúgsm½yenH RKan;EtebIkEPñkeLIgmkk¾
KitEtRbECgKñarksuI KitEtekIbykplRbeyaCn_BIGñkdéT GñkxøHKitEtekgRbv½Ba©
taMgBIRBlwmrhUtdl;cUldMeNk b¤ GñkxøHGal½yEtedkehIyPJak;eRkayeK eBleRkak
eLIgmkGñkdéTeKk¾eFVIGVI² rYcral;Gs;eTAehIy b:uEnþ xøÜnÉgCitmYycMehogéf¶ehIy min
Tan;)aneFVIGMeBIl¥GVIeLIy .
kalebIdUecñH erOgekþARkhayCaeRcInk¾ekItmandl;RkumRKYsar mankarsuIExSelI
KñaÉgkñúgRkumRKYsar ehIyerOgenHk¾naM[manTMnas;Tas;ETgKñayksøab;rs; edIm,I
deNþImykRTBüsm,tþi b¤ CYnkaleQøaHRbEkkKñaÉgkñúgRkumjatibgb¥Ún esckþIRbesIr
kñúgvgSRtkUlenaHeTIberayraveTA manEtbBaðaekIneLIgCaerOy² eRBaHKitEtBIykGMBI
GñkdéTcab;taMgBIPJak;rhUtdl;cUldMeNk .
eRBaHehtuenaH CIdUnCItarbs;eyIgelakemIlFøúHdl;Rtg;enH eTIbelaknaMkUnecA
RKb;KñaenAkñúgpÞHecjmkdak;)aRtRBHPikçúsgÇ CakareFVIGMeBIl¥kúñgeBlxagedIménéf¶ Ca
karbgðat;[RKb;KñamanTmøab;kñúgkareRCamERCg[GñkdéTeFVIGMeBIl¥edaysuT§citþ karBar
KMnitelaPln; KMnitykeRbob KMnitRcENnQñanIs Kitcg;)anrbs;GñkdéTehIyman
304
citþpUrpg;Rss;bs;TaMgRBlwmeTotpg edayehtuenH esckþIelaPxagkúñgcitþ k¾nwgrls;
cuHticeTA ehIyesckþIRbesIrecjBIPaBCaGñk[ k¾ekItmaneLIgenAkñúgxøÜn)an
CaRbkarTI 1 .
2> km©at;tesckþ
;esckþIeRkaFedaykarrkSasIlCanic©
enAeBlCIdUnCItaPJak;BIRBlwmmkehIymunnwgeRtomGahareTAdak;)aRt Kat;Etg
ehAkUnecAmkrYmKñaenAxagmuxhwgRBHBuT§rUbkñúgpÞH sUm,IEtGñkbeRmIkñúgpÞHk¾ehAmkEdr
edIm,IsURtmnþfVaybgÁMRBHRBmKñaCamun ehIyk¾naMKñarMlwksIl5cMeBaHRBHP½RkþRBHBuT§rUb
kñúgpÞHedayRBmeRBogKña eRkayBIsURtmnþrYcehIy eTIbEckKñaeTArRtom)aysmøeTA
dak;)aRt .
EtebImanéf¶NamYyekItmankarxusPøat;kñúgerOgeBlevla GñkenAkñúgpÞHGacnwg
PJak;RBwkCagRbRktIbnþicRbmaNdb;naTI eFVI[min)ansURtmnþeFVIvtþRBwkCamun eRBaHrUtrH
eTAeRtomGaharsRmab;dak;)aRtsin Kat;k¾minRBmbeNþayecalenaHeLIy ya:gehac
Nas; xN³eBlrg;caMRBHPikçúsgÇmkbiNÐ)at Kat;k¾naMsmaCikRKb;KñaGaraFnasIl 5
kñúgeBlenaHCMnYsvij luHdl;dak;)atrYcral;ehIy Kat;k¾naMkUnecARcUcTwk]TÞiskusl
buNüEdlekItBIkardak;)at nig rkSasIl]TÞis[buBVbursEdl)anEbkkayTMlayxn§
eTAehIy eRkayBIenaHKat;k¾RtLb;;eTAsURtmnþrbs;Kat;bnþeTot minbn§Úréd[kiels
eLIy .
karEdlKat;bgðat;kUnecAkñúgRkumRKYsar[manTmøab;taMgstüaFidæankñúgkarrkSa
sIlCaerogral;éf¶ya:genH k¾edIm,I[kUnecAmaneKaledARbcaMcitþrbs;xøÜnÉgfa rhUt
eBjmYyéf¶enHetagEtminxussIl 5 etagEtmineFVIGMeBIekþARkhay[dl;GñkdéT
mineTAeFVIemaHminKb,InwgGñkNamYy eTaHbCab:HTgÁicCamYynwgGñkNaF¶n;b:unNa k¾Büa
yammineRkaF niyaysmþIcrcaedayehtupl .
enAeBlKat;bgðat;kUnecA)anya:genHehIybBaðaG)aymuxkñúgRkumRKYsark¾min
man/ erOgekþARkhaydl;eKnigxøÜnÉgTaMgenAkñúgpÞHnigeRkApÞHk¾minman eRBaHRKb;Kña
rkSasIl 5 CaRbRktI . xusnwgsgÁmsm½yenH enAeBlmineBjcitþGVImYyehIy k¾eCr
305
RbecarKñaedayBaküminsmrmüepSg² RBmTaMgpÞúHGarmµN_dak;Kña nig karsgswkKña
EdlCaerOgeFVI[ekItkarcgkmµeBornwgKñaminecHGs;minecHcb; .
eRBaHdUecñaH CIdUnCIta Kat;smøwgFøúHmkelIehtuplepSg²TaMgGs;enH Kat;eTIb
PJak;taMgEtBIRBlwm edIm,InaMkUnecAkñúgpÞH[GaraFnasIlRBmKña edIm,ICakarhVwk[RKb;Kña
mansIl 5 ecHRKb;RKgxøÜnÉgedaymineTAsagGMeBIekþARkhaydl;GñkdéT nig
BüayamrkSacitþKMnit[pUrpg;eBjmYyéf¶ .
edayehtuenH esckþIeRkaFkñúgcitþk¾nwgRtUvXaMgTukmin[beBa©jb£T§iRCuleRCIm
)an esckþIRbesIrBIkarminsagGMeBIekþARkhay[Rkhay[xøÜnÉgnigGñkdéT eTIbekIteLIg
kñúgxøÜnCaRbkarTI 2 .
3> km©at;tesckþ
;esckþIvegVgedaykareFVIPavnaCanic©
CIdUnCItaKat;)ansikSaFm’mk)aneRcIn eTIbdwgc,as;fa citþrbs;mnusSeyIgEtg
EtCab;nuybeBaäat)angay CYnkaleTAeXIjrbs;s¥at² l¥² k¾cg;)an CYnkal)anlW
sMeLgBIeraH² k¾cg;)an CYnkaleTABal;RtUvGVI²relag² k¾cg;)an CYnkaleTA)an
briePaKGVI² Edlq¶aj;² k¾cg;)an CYnkaleXIjeKeFVIGVIEdlRtUvcitþk¾cg;)anmkeTot .
karCab;nuyltampøÚvEPñk Rtecok RcmuH GNþat kay nig citþenHÉg eFVI[
emIleXIjkMhusEdlcUlcitþ)angay eFVI[RtUvbbYleTAeFVIGMeBIGaRkk;)angay ehIy
RtUvCYbRbTHTukçeTaemµjRKb;Ebbya:gBIkarFøak;eTACaTaskrbs;vabnÞab;BIenaHmk .
karrkSacitþ[RbRktIminFøak;eTACaTaskrbs;nuybeBaäatTaMgenH caM)ac;RtUv
hVwkhat;stism,CBaس[l¥
stism, m,CBaس KW esckþIrlwkdwgxøÜnfaxøÜnÉgkMBugeFVIGVI ehIyGarkat; Garkat); anfa
GVIRtUv GVIxus GVIl¥ GVIGaRkk;
aRkk; GVICabuNü GVICa)a)ab GVIKYreFVI GVIminKYreFVI eFVI[minFøak;keTA
;eTA
kñúgesckþ
esckþIRbmaT .
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elak CaRbcaMral;éf¶ ehIyminrg;caMdl;cas;enaHeT KW elakhVWkxøÜncab;taMgBIsm½y
enAekµg² hñwgÉg .
306
 viFIhVwkhat;stism,CBaسrbs;elak)anykEbbEpntamBaküeRbonRbedArbs;
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;Edlelak)anTTYlmkBIkareTAvtþ eRBaHvtþKWCaRbPBéncMeNH
dwgerOgsIlFm’sRmab; RmabRbCaCn
;RbCaCn nig viFIhVwkhat;stisµartIEdlRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;
RTg;beRgonTuk KW {karceRmInPavna { .
karceRmINPavna KW karkm©at;tesckþ ;esckþIyl;leXI
;eXIjxusCaRtUvedaykarhVwk
hat;
hatci;cti þ[s¥ats¥M brisuT§ pUrpg; pg; nig manstisµartItaMgmaMenAkñúgPaBRtwmRtUv l¥\tex©aH
ral;
raleBlevla
;eBlevla .
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rhUtRKb;eBlevla karhVwkhat;rbs;Kat;munnwgmanRkumRKYsar Kat;k¾RbRBwtþerOgTaMg
Gs;enH[køayeTACaCIvitRbcaMéf¶rbs;Kat; sUm,IEtkúñgmYyCIvitcugeRkayrbs;Kat;k¾enA
hVwkhat;minls;éf¶Edr enaH KW
1> Kat;
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;eFVIPavnaCaerogral;
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karsikSaFm’ral; aléf¶
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éf eFVI[citþrbs;Kat;)anTTYlkaretOnstiBIRBHFm’BaküeRbon
RbedArbs;RBHsmµa sm<úT§Canic©fa kuMxaneFVIbuNü eRBaHfamnusSeyIgekItmkehIy
RtUvEtsøab;eTAvij nigvtßúFatuEdlmnusSeyIgnaMeTACab;xøÜn)an k¾manRtwmEtbuNü nig
)abbu:eNÑaH ebIeFVIbuNüTuk)aneRcIn bBaðak¾Føak;cuHtic esckþIsuxk¾maneRcIn EtebIeFVI)ab
TukmkeRcIn eRkABIbBaðamaneRcInehIyesckþIsuxEdlmank¾Gs;eTApg .
karbeRgonFm’
karbeRgonFm’[dl; dlkU;knU ecACaerogral;
ecACaerograléf¶ ;éf¶ eFVI[citþrbs;Kat;)anTTYlcMeNHdwg
saeLIgvijelIerOgsIlFm’Canic© EfmTaMgCakarpþl;[nUvcMeNHdwgdl;kUnecAeTAelI
erOgsIlFm’ enAeBlcitþCab;CMBak;nwgFm’ya:genH kUnecAk¾cg;cUleTAenACit minman
eraKGn;citþ ehIyk¾køayeTACaRBHkñúgpÞHcaMXøaMdas;etOnstikUnecA[CamnusSl¥ .
kareFVIPavnaCaerogral;
avnaCaerogralyb; ;yb CakarhVwkhat;stirbs;Kat;edaypÞal; eRBaHeBl
yb
Kat;]sSah_eFVIsmaFiral;éf¶CaRbcaM citþrbs;Kat;k¾s‘b;nwgesckþis¶b; pUrpg; minvegVg
307
gay vtßúNaEdlnwgmkGUsTajcitþrbs;Kat;[Cab;CMBak;[Cab;nuytampøÚvEPñk Rtecok
RcmuH mat; GNþat kay nig citþk¾eFVI)anedaylM)ak eRBaHesckþIs‘b;nwgkars¶b;citþrbs;
Kat; nwgbdiesFvtßúTaMgenaHPøammYyrMeBc .
edayehtuenH eTIbKat;CamnusSEdlQøk;vegVgkñúgGVIEdlminRtwmRtUv)aneday
lM)ak Tan;mnusS Tan;kiels)anCanic© nig eFVI[Kat;mankmøaMgbBaØa[dl;kUnecA)an
eTotpg kUnecAmYyNacg;)anbBaØa cg;)ankarTan;mnusSTan;kiels eBlcUleTArk
Kat;ehIyrEmgminxkcitþeLIymanEt)anTTYlBaküENnaMl¥eBjeljy:agBitR)akd .
niyayedaysrub eRBaHfaCIdUnCItarbs;eyIg elak)ansagesckþIRbesIr[ekIt
mankñúgxøÜnedaykarkm©at;esckþIelaP esckþIeRkaF esckþIvegVg tamviFIkareFVITan
rkSasIl ceRmInPavnarbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;dUcenHehIy eTIbkUnecAmanGarmµN_
Kitfa elakCa bUCnIybuKÁl EdlKYreKarBelIksresIr KYrRkabfVaybgÁM KYrcUleTACit
elakCabuKÁlEdlkUnecAGacRbkan;x¢ab;CaKMrUkñúgkarciBa©wmCIvit)anya:gBitR)akd .
eBlsikSamkdl;
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:genH kUnecAnwgminmanpøÚve)e)aHbg;
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;elakecalyagBi
elakecalya :gBitR)R)akd
manEteKarBRBwkeKarBl¶acbIdUcCaRBHkúñgpÞHdUecñH .

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eBlEdleyIgcUleTARkabcas;TuMEdlelakCaGñkmanKuNFm’enaH manesckþI
segátmüa:g KW eBlEdlCIdUnCItarbs;eyIgelak[Br ehtuGIV)anCaeyIgmanGarmµN_
fa BrC½yrbs;Kat;manesckþIs½kþisiT§i mancMhutemøH { cuHesckþIs½kþisiT§irbs;
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bskar[
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kar
GaRs½yeTAelIkarmansc© karmansc©³cMeBaHKuNFm’GMeBIl¥rbs;
bsGñ;Gkñ [Br}
Br} .
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kþIs½kþisisTi §ik¾eRcIn EtebIGñk[BrC½ymansc©³cMeBaHKuNFm’GMeBIl¥tic Bakü[
Bakü[BrC½yk¾
308
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c,ab;bUraN edayelak[ebIkemIlPsþútagkñúgRBHéRtbidk erOgRBHGgÁ
RBHGgÁúlImal
EdlCaPsþútagGFib,ayerOgenH)anc,as;las; .
RBHefr³elakcg¥úl[eXIjrUbPaBya:gc,as;fa RBHGgÁúlimal munnwgelakbYs
elakk¾Føab;Caecarsmøab;mnusSmkCitmYyBan;CIvit mnusSEdlelakRbugnwgsmøab;[
RKb;mYyBan;nak; KW martarbs;elakhñwgÉg b:uEnþRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;dwgmuneTIb
)anesþcmksáat;CYbelak elakeXIjRBHBuT§GgÁehIyk¾Rbugnwgsmøab; EtRBHGgÁRTg;
etOnsti[Kit ehIyk¾eR)aseTsna[dl;elak)ansþab;TaMgkNþalpøÚvenaHÉg eTIb
elakmanlMnwkdwgxøÜncMeBaH)ab ehIyk¾suMbYsCaRBHPikçú ehIytaMgcitþbMeBjjaNkñúg
sMNak;rbs;RBHBuT§GgÁ .
b:uEnþedaysarEtelakFøab;eFVICaecarEdlmaneQµaHl,Il,ajkñúgerOgsmøab;
mnusSminerIsmux ry³eBldMbUg² eBlelaknimnþecjeTAbiNÐ)aRt elakminEdl
)anTTYlGahareT eRBaHGñkRsukenAcaMmux)anfa elakKWCaecarGgÁúlImal ehIyk¾P½y
xøacnaMKñart;)at;Gs; éf¶xøH elakk¾RtUveKeramecamKb;edaydMudI EmkeQIrhUtdl;hUr
QamsRsak;mkvtþvijk¾man .
éf¶mYyelaknimnþeTAbiNÐ)aRt)anCYbRsIþeBaHFMBak;kNþalpøÚv RsþImñak;enaHcaM)an
faelakCaecarGgÁúlimalk¾P½yrt;eKcRbevRbva luHrt;Gs;kMlaMg eTANaminrYc k¾Qb;
hamat;dgðk; yMk¾minecj eFVIEbbdUcCasøab;cMeBaHmux RBHGgÁúlImalk¾Kitcg;CYy b:uEnþ
eFVIerOgepSgmin)an eTIbeBalBakü[BreLIg edayBakü[BrenaH elakGagBakü
sc©³cMeBaHKuNFm’GMeBIl¥ EdlelakmanBImunmkfa { cab;taMgBIeBlEdlGatµa)anekIt
kñúgGriyvgS )anbYskñúgsMNak;rbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;rhUtmkdl;eBlenH KMnitKit
ebotebonstV sUm,IEtbnþicbnþÜck¾KµaneLIy edayBaküsc©³enHsUm[b¥ÚnRsIRbsURt
buRtedaysuvtßiPaBpgcuH . luHelakeBalcb; RsIþmñak;hwñgk¾sRmYlkUnmkedaygay
RsYlqøgputeRKaHfñak;TaMgmþayTaMgkUn .

309
 ehtukarN_enHekIteLIgmuneBlRBHGgÁúlImal)anseRmcCaRBHGrhnþ Ca]Ta
hrN_[eXIjfa GMNacrbs;sc©³cMeBaHKuNFm’GMeBIl¥manesckþIs½kþisiT§iya:genH .
eRBaHdUecñaH eKalkar[
eKalkar[BrC½yEdlRtwmRtUv KW Gñk[RtUvGagsc©³kñúgKuNFm’
GMeBIl¥EdlmanmkkñúgxøÜnCaBakü[
CaBakü[BrC½ydl; dlkU;knU ecA Bakü[ Bakü[BrenaHeTIbnaM[ekIt
esckþIs½kþisiT§ieLIg .
]TahrN_dUcCa ebIeyIgmansc©³kñúgkareFVITan k¾[Brfa { edaysc©³Edl) Edl)an
dak;
dak); aRtRBHPikçúsgÇCaRbcaM
gÇCaRbcaMGs;smY;myY qñaM sUm[GñksuMBrenH cUrmanGaharkarbriePaK [
bribUrN_
Nku_kM[u mankgVHxVHxat b¤edaysc©
edaysc©³EdlFøab;bkat; ;katci;cti þ[sm,
kat sm,tþiCaTanedaygay k¾
sUm[GñkTTYlBr cUr)ansm, ansm,tþiedaygaydUcKña .

eKalKMnitKYr[riHKitrbs;RBHefr³mYyrUb
enAeBlRBHetCKuNelak)anGFib,ayerOgenHcb;ehIy elakenAEfm[eKal
KMnitKYr[riHKitteTAeTotfa BYkeyIgRKb;KñaRtUvdwgfaEs¥kenHnwgmankUnecA b¤ Gñk
EdleKarBbUCamksUmBrC½y eyIgRtUvKit[ehIyfaeFVIdUcemþc? Bakü[Brrbs;eyIg
nwgminEmnRtwmEtsMeLgstVsarikaEkvEdlniyayeTAeLIy.
RbsinebIeyIgmin)andak;)aRtCaRbcaMeT k¾cab;epþImdak;)aRtCaRbcaM CakarhVwk
hat;km©at;esckþIkMNaj;rbs;xøÜnÉg ebIenAqab;xwgeT k¾RtUvhVwkhat;rkSasIl[l¥ ebI
enAcecs rwgrUs eXIjfaxus EtenArwgcecseFVIeTA KYrsikSaFm’ nig cUlvtþbdibtþiFm’
GgÁúysmaFiCaerOy² mindUecñaHeT eyIgk¾mindwgnwgykesckþIRbesIrmkBITINaeT .
EtebIeyIghVwkhat;xøÜnÉgl¥ehIy luHdl;eBlkUnecAmksuMBrC½y k¾Gagyk
buNüEdl)andak;)aRt rkSasIlnigGgÁúysmaFiminEdlxatmkkMNt;CaBakü[BrC½y
[buNükuslenHcUrekItmandl;GñkEdlmksuMBr [eKmanesckþIcMerInrugerOg suPaB
rabsa suxPaBmaMmYn manstibBaØaeqøovqøatkñúgkareFVIGMeBIl¥ BrEdleyIg[enH
nwgs½kþisiT§i.

310
 EtebInrNmYykñúgeBlenHCacas;TuMehIy eXñIscitþKitfaxøÜnÉgminmanGMeBIl¥GIV
eLIy k¾enAminTan;yWteBleT yb;enHmunnwgcUldMeNk [sURtGFidæan \tibiesa 108
cb;b¤GgÁúysmaFimYyyb;; RBwkEs¥kkUnecAmksuMBr k¾enAmanesckþIs½kþIsiT§imkGag)an
fVIebIesckþIs½kþisiT§iRtwmmYyyb;k¾eday k¾enAl¥CagminmanGVIesaHeLIy eRkayBIenaH
k¾eFVIbnþCaerogral;éf¶ minyUresckþIRbesIrk¾ekIneLIgerOy² Ég .
enAeBleyIg)ansikSaerOgenHehIy k¾eFVI[eXIjviFIeRtomxøÜncUlkan;CIvitcug
eRkayya:gc,as;las; ehIymanGarmµN_fa eyIgRtUveRtomxøÜn[RBm muneBleyIg
cas; eRBaHebIeyIgKiteTAEklm¥enAeBlxøÜncas; EtCab;nisS½yGaRkk;²mkeRcInehIy
eQIcas;Bi)akBt;Nas; EtebIcab;epþImhVwkhat;Eklm¥xøÜnÉg éllkesckþIelaP esckþI
eRkaF esckþIvegVgEdlmanenAkñúgcitþ[Føak;fycuHeTAcab;taMgBIéf¶enHteTAluHRtaEt
dl;vinaTIcugeRkayénCIvitehIy eyIgk¾nwg)anCamnusScas;EdlmanesckþIRBmRBWs
cMeBaHPaBCa bUCnIybuKÁl EdlsmKYrdl;kareKarB RkabsMBHrbs;kUnecA enAeBl
éf¶enaHmkdl; vaesµInwgfa { eyIg)anCaXøaMgbBaØa[dl; dlkU;knU ecA)
ecA)ansikSa nig naMeTA
bdibtþitam } enaHÉg .

311
312
 PaK 6 GvsanénCIvit

hVwkhat;esckþIminRbmaTedaykareFVIFutgÁ

CIvitrbs;mnusSeyIghñwg eBareBjeTAedayesckþImineTogTat;
ebIeyIgRbmaT enAeBlNaeRKaHGnþrayekItmanenAeBlenaH RBHsmµa
sm<úT§)anRtas;fa mnusSEdlmanesckþIRbmaTsUm,ImanCIvitrs;enAk¾
eRbobdUcCamnusSEdlsøab;eTAehIy karEdlmkeFVIFutgÁenAvtþGaram
CaviFImYyEdlGb;rMxøÜnÉg[sßitenAkñúgesckþIminRbmaT .

313
 mnusSCaeRcInminEdldwgfa Fm’TaMgGs;EdlRBHsmµasm<úT§)anRtas;eRbon
RbedArhUt 45 RBHvsSa rYmTaMgGs;man 84000 RBHFmµkçn§ EtebIeyIgsrubBakü
eRbonRbedATaMgGs;enaH enAsl;Etmü:ag KW esckþ sckþIminRbmaT edaymantwktagEdl
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;)anRtas;kñúgbcäim»vaT b¤ »vaTcugeRkaybg¥s;muneBlRBHGgÁ
cUlbriniBaVnfa
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edIm,Isav½kkTaMgLayedayesckþIGnueRKaH kic©TaMgBYgenaHtfaKt)anbMeBjehIy
cMeBaHGñkTaMgLay \LÚvenH tfaKtsUmeRkOnrMlwkGñkTaMgLayfa GVI² TaMgBYgEdl
ekItmkkñúgelakenHsuT§EtmanesckþIRTuDeRTameTACaFmµta GñkTaMgLaycUrbMeBj
tYnaTIEdlCaRbeyaCn_
dlCaRbeyaCnxø_xÜnø nigGñkdéT[
déT[seRmceBjeljedayesckþ
seRmceBjeljedayesckþIminRbmaTcuH : .
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RKb;Kañ)andwgfa esckþIrIkceRmInénkarGb;rMxøÜnÉgkñúgKuNFm’nwgekIteLIgenAeBl
eyIgminmanesckþIRbmaT ebIeyIgmanesckþIRbmaTenAeBlNa »kasénkareFVIGMeBIxus
qÁgbgávi)akkmµtampøÚvkay vaca citþ k¾nwgekIteLIgPøam/ KuNFm’GMeBIl¥Edlmank¾fy
rls;Gs;eTAvij .
GñkEdlminRbmaT RtUvhVwkhat;stieRkOnrMlwkxøÜnÉgCaRbcaMfa Gayurbs;
mnusSmankRmit karrs;enAy:agmantémø KW karxMsnSMbuNükuslCab;eTACamYypg .
karGb;rMxøÜnmin[CamnusSRbmaT KW RtUvhVwkhat;xøÜnÉg[taMgenAkñúgGMeBIEdl
CabuNükuslCaRbcaM .
ehtuGVI)anCaRtUvtaMgenAkñúgGMeBIEdlCabuNü ebItamRTwsþIrbs;RBHBuT§sasna
mnusSmñak;²EtgEtmanesckþIl¥ nig GaRkk;enAkñúgxøÜn kar[plrbs;kmµenaHGaRs½y
eTAelIsPaBrbs;citþpgEdr .
dUcCa ebIcitþrbs;eyIgman)ab KW KiteFVIGMeBIGaRkk; eFVI)ab KW ebIk»kas[vi)ak
kmµGaRkk;EdlFøab;)ansagkñúgGtItCati dUcCa eyIgFøab;smøab;stV plenaHk¾mkpþac;

314
pþilCiviteyIg eFVI[eyIgCYbEtesckþITukçlM)ak edaynwksµanmindl; nig RtUvxk»kas
eFVIGMeBIl¥y:ageRcIneTotpg .
pÞúyeTAvij ebIcitþCabuNü Kw citþemtþacMeBaHGñkepSg b¤ citþEdlnwkdl;buNü
EdlekIteLIgedaykar[Tan rkSasIl ceRmInemtþaPavna EdlFøab;eFVImkkalBI
GtItkal k¾nwgebIk»kas[GMeBIl¥EdleyIgFøab;eFVITukkñúgGtItkalenaH[pl)an
dUcCa buNüEdlekIteLIgedaykar[TankñúgGtItkal k¾[plmansm,tþieRcIneLIg²
kñúgbc©úb,nñCati ehtudUecñHehIy RBHGgÁRTg;RCabc,as;fa buNüEdleyIgeFVIenaHnwg
ekIteLIg 3 kal muneFVIbuNük¾eRtkGrnwgeFVIbuNü kMBugeFVIbuNük¾mancitþpUrpg; pg;
eRkayeFVIbuNüehIy k¾mancitþrlwknwkdl; dlbu;bN
u üEdl)
üEdl)aneFVIehIy eTaHbIeFVITan
rkSasIl b¤ ceRmInemtþaPavnak¾eday .
eFVIyagNaeTI
:agNaeTIbeFVI[citþtMkl;lenAkñ
;enAkñúgbuNü?
ü?
manviFImYyEdlCIdUnCItaeyIg)anbdibtþi KW kareFVIFutgÁenAÉvtþRbEhl 3-
7éf¶ ehIymankar[Tan rkSasIl 8 nig GgÁúysmaFiceRmInPavnaCabdibtþikarcm,g
cMeBaHTIkEnøgsRmab;sñak;enAeRscEtvtþerobcM[ kEnøgxøHk¾dMeLIgkøs; b¤ bus,úkkEnøg
xøHk¾manxÞmsRmab;sñak; GaRs½yeTAelIPUmisaRsþvtþEdleyIgeFVIdMeNIreTAeFVIFutgÁhwñg
Ég .
GñkxøHk¾sgS½yfa karEdlmkeFVIFutgÁ mkeFVIcitþCabuNü b¤ eFVI[ekItesckþImin
RbmaTenaH etIeFVIy:agNa? erOgenHk¾)aneFVIkarRsavRCavbEnßmeToteTIb k¾)anCYb
cemøIyBIRBHefr³mYyGgÁ Edl)anGFib,ayBnül;Tuk eTIbnaMykesckþIenaHmk
GFib,ay[sþab;dUcteTA >>>>>
RBHefr³k¾)anGFib,ay[GñkEdlmkbdibtþiFutgÁsþab;fa
{karEdleyIgsñak;enAkñúgbus,úk CakarcmøgykviFIbdibtþirbs;PikçúsameNr
Tak;Tgnwgkarsñak;GaRs½y :.
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;RbTanKMrUkareFVIFutgÁTuk k¾eRBaHRBHGgÁRTg;jaN
eXIjehtusMxan; 2 Rbkar KW
315
 GñkEdlminRbmaTRtUv hVwkhat;stieRkOnrMlwk
xøÜnÉgCaRbcaMfa Gayurbs;mnusSmankRmit
karrs;enAy:agmantémø KW karxMsnSMbuNükusl
Cab;eTACamYypg

RbkarTI 1 mnusSenAkñúgelakenHmanGarmµN_dUcKañCaRbkar 1 KW enAeBlxøÜn

manesckþIsux eTaHbImanesckþIsuxeRcInk¾manGarmµN_faxøÜnmanesckþIsuxticCagGñk
déT b:uEnþenAeBlmanesckþ
eBlmanesckþITukçbnþicbnþÜc k¾manGarmµNfa_fa xøÜgÉgmanesckþITukçeRcIn
CagGñkdéTenAelIelakenH .
RbkarTI 2 mnusSeyIgEjkmimindac; dacBI;BKI ñaeTfa GVIEdlcaM
dlca)M ac;accM;ceM BaHCIvit nigGVI
EdlCaGtierkRTBüsRmab;
rkRTBüsRmabCI;CvI it ?
ebIeyIgsegát[c,as;fa bBaðatUcFMTaMgLayEdlekIteLIg ehIyEdleFVI[
BiPBelakekþARkhayral;éf¶enH ebIsrubmk KW Ejkminecjfa GVIKW nIt ¬need¦ nig GVI
KW v½n ¬want¦ .
eRBaHfa nIt KW cM)ac;acRtU
;RtUvEtman mann½yfa karsrubdl;bc©½y 4 EdlcaM)ac;
dl;karciBa©wmCIvitrbs;eyIgral;éf¶ .

316
 cMeBaH v½n KW esckþIRtUvkarcg;
karcg); an EdlTak;TgerOgRsNuksb,ay .
ehtudUcecñH RKan;Etcg;)anGVI k¾Kitfa erOgenaHcaM)ac; cat;Ca nIt TaMgGs; .
]TahrN_dUcCa sMelokbMBak; eTaHbIsMelokbMBak;cas;²manrab;rykMebøman
eBjTY b:uEnþm©as;enAEtcg;)anedayKitfaenAminTan;RKb;RKan; enAEtcg;)ansMelok
bMBak;Tan;sm½yfµI² mkbEnßmeTot EbbhñwgminEmnCaerOgcaM)ac;eT EtCaerOgcg;)an
eTAvij .
karsegátmü:ageTot \LÚvenHTMnijepSg² manrgVan;EfmenHEfmenaH GñkxøHTij
rbs;rbrepSg² minEmncg;)anrbs;mkeRbIeT EtTijmkcg;)anrbs;Efm cugeRkay
rbs;EdlmincaM)ac;k¾maneBjenAelIpÞH masR)ak;k¾mancayminRKb;RKan; ehIyk¾mk
ERskfaluycUlminesµInwgluyecj .
karEdlmanGñkNamñak;Eck[dac;rvag cMNaM)ac;¬nIt¦ nig tRmUvkar ¬v½n¦
eTIbCIdUnCItarbs;eyIgnaMKñaeTAGb;rMxøÜnenAÉvtþral;éf¶sIlnigéf¶Qb;sRmak .
RBHviTüacarüTaMgLayeTIbGFib,ayfa ebIsinCacg;dwgRtUvsakeTAenAkñúgkøs;
s<aykøs;eTAedkkñúgvtþ 2-3 yb; eTIbdwgxøÜgÉgfa Edlcg;)anpÞHfµssr\dæ 2-3 xñg
RKan;EtsRmakenAkñúgkøs;eTIbdwgfa RtwmEtb:uNÑwgRKb;RKan;ehIy ebImansm,tþieRcIn
rhUtdl;eBjkøs; etI[eyIgedksRmakdUcemþceTA ?
karEdl[esøokBak;QutseFVIFutgÁEbbhñwg cg;[dwgfa tamkarBit sMelok
bMBak;eyIgminRtUvkareRcIneT eRBaHCabnÞúkkñúgkarEfrkSa ebIesøokBak;QutseTot k¾rwt
EtRtUvRbugRby½tñ eTaHbIGgÁúy b¤ sRmanþk¾RtUvRbugstisµartI rvaMgRby½tñkarRbLak;
CaBiess eFVI[stil¥RbesIreLIgedaysV½yRbvtþi .
esckþIRtUvkarcMa)ac; b¤ nIt manRtwmEtbu:eNÑHÉg GVIEdlcg;)anKµanTIbMput b¤ v½n
k¾nwg)anRsalcuHxøH enHCamUlehtuEdlRtUvbbYl[mkenAkñúgbus,úklemIl .
ehIyRbsinebIeyIgGaceFVIesckþIminRbmaT[ekIteLIgcMeBaHxøÜgÉg k¾RtUvcab;
epþImlHGMeBIGaRkk; eFVIcitþ[pUrpg; GMeBITaMg 3 RbkarenH ebIGñkNaeFVI[eBjelj [
Gs;BIsmtßPaBrbs;xøÜnehIy eTaHbICatienH eyIgminTan;eFVI[Gs;BIsmtßPaBk¾eday
317
k¾RtUvBüayameFVIeTA kuMe)aHbg;ecal Kg;manéf¶mYy qñaMNamYy nig CatiNamYy enAeBl
bdibtþiFm’)aneBjeljehIy éf¶enaH qñaMenaH CatienaH eyIgk¾nwgGs;kielsCaRBH
Grhnþ nwgcUlbriniBVandUcy:agRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;Edr .
eyageTAtamBaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHefr³EdlGFib,ay[sþab;mkenH eyIg
Gacsrub)anfa viFIhVwkhat;citþrbs;eyIg[sßitenAkñúgesckþIminRbmaT nig mancitþ
buNüCaerogrhUt KW mkeFVIFutgÁenAÉvtþGaramcugs)aþh_y:agehacNas; 3-7 éf¶
edIm,InaMxøÜncakecjBIbBaðaepSg² EdlxVl;xVayenAkñúgelakeyIgenH edaymkrs;enAkñúg
briyakasEdls¶b;kays¶b;citþedIm,IbMeBjbuNü[xøÜneyIg eBllaecjBIkarbdibtþi
Fm’RtLb;eTAeFVIkagarvijehIy k¾eFVIkic©karedaycitþbuNü edayesckþIminRbmaT
eTaHbImanbBaðaCaeRcIn k¾GaceFVI[bBðaaenaHmantictYceTA)anEdr enAeBlNamkeFVI
FutgÁCaerOy² luHecjBIFutgÁeTAeFVIkarmþg² k¾RtUveFVIkic©karedaycitþbrisuT§ enATIbMput
bBaðaenaHk¾Gs;eTAÉg ehIyesckþIceRmInk¾kan;EtrIkceRmIneLIg eRBaHcitþEdlbrisuT§
nwgmanGanuPaBetagGMeBIl¥[mkrkxøÜnÉg .
RbsinebIGñkkan;RBHBuT§sasnaenARbeTseyIg manRbCaCnCaeRcInlannak;
RBmeRBogKañhVwkhat;esckþIminRbmaTedaykareTAeFVIFutgÁTaMgRbeTsEbbenH bBaða
epSg²enAkñúgRbeTsk¾)at;Gs;enAyb;enH eRBaHRbCaCneyIgmancitþpUrpg;eLIg ehIy
ebIRKb;vtþcat;[mankareFVIFutgÁenAcugs)aþh_Canic© éf¶NamYy bBaðaepSg²enAkñúg
RbeTsk¾ Gs;eTAeRBaHRKb;KñamkbdibtþiFm’sRmab;CIvitRbcaMéf¶ dUecñH erOghñwg KWCa
vifICIvitEdlCIdUnCItaeyIgRbKl;[CamrtkEpñkvb,Fm’dl;eyIgCayUrNas;mkehIy .
b:uEnþerOgTaMgGs;enHnwg)anTTYlkarKaMRTenAeBlNaenaH vasßitenAelIeyIg
RtUveFVImuneK ehIyeTIbbbYl[GñkdéTmkeFVICaxageRkay .
ebIeyIgKitBicarNaemIleTA enAéf¶Qb;cugs)aþh_enH k¾sUmGeBa¢Ijjatiejam
eqøot»kasnaMRKYsareTAsakl,geFVIFutgÁenAcugs)aþh_ÉvtþGaram b¤ mNÐlvibsSna
EdlsßitenACiteKhdæan sUmGnuemaTna .

318
319
 PaKTI 7

BuT§sasnikEdlBitR)akd

320
321
 PaK 7 BuT§sasnikEdlBitR)akd

BuT§sasnikCnBitR)akd

enAeBlcab;ykkMNt;ehtuBaküeRbonRbedA EdlRBHefr³)an
eTsnamkGgÁúyGanmþgeTot edIm,IykmksresrCaesovePA écdnü
k¾CYbGtßbTmYyEdlKitfa KYrEtykmk[RbiymiRtGñkGan)anGan KW
:etIGVIeTACamUlehtu
etI ehtusMxan;anEdleFV
;EdleFVI[RBHBuT§sasnacuHGn;
Gnfy
; fy :
edIm,Inwg[BuT§sasnikCYyedaHRsayKañeTA .
RBHefr³pþl;Gnusasn_fa :RBHBu
RBHBuT§sasnaKµanéf¶cuHGn;
GnfyeT
;fyeT
manEtmnusS eyIgeTEdlfyecjBIRBHBuT§sasna : .
322
 mUlehtusMxan;EdleFVI[cuHGn;fy KW CnBal
:CnBal : BalTaMgxageRkABalTaMg
xagkñúg .
1¦ BalxageRkA )andl; GñkEdlmin)ankan;RBHBuT§sasna eTaHkan;
sasnadéTNakeday b:uEnþBYkeKmancitþ)abcg;bMpøajRBHBuT§sasna BYkeKEtgEt
BüayamniyaytµHtiHedolPikçúsameNrkñúgRBHBuT§sasnafaGaRkk;y:agenHGaRkk;y:ag
enaH ebIBYkeKman»kas k¾bgáac;bgçÚcBaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHBuT§sasna[GñkdéT
yl;xusBIkarBit CnBalRbePTenHcaMqk;»kaspþÜlrMlMRBHBuT§sasnaesÞIrEtral;éf¶
ehIyBYkeKmanKñaeRcInNas; .
2¦ Balxagkñúg )andl; BuT§sasnikEdlmineKarBdl;RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;
manesckþIRsBicRsBilsgS½ycMeBaHbBaØaRtas;dwgrbs;RBHGgÁ mineKarBcMeBaHRBHFm’
mintaMgcitþbdibtþi tamBaküeRbonRbedArbs;RBHGgÁ[y:agp©itp©g;eT mineKarBcMeBaH
RBHsgÇEdlbdibtþil¥RtwmRtUv mincUlcitþeFVIsmaFinaM[citþs¶b; ebIxVHesckþIeKarBmYYy
Na b¤ RKb;RbkardUcxagelIehIy BuT§sasnikenaHk¾nwgkøayeTACaCnBalxagkñúgrbs;
RBHBuT§sasna nwgmin)anTTYlRbeyaCn_mYyNaBIkarkan;RBHBuT§sasnaeLIy .
kalebIdUecñHyUr²eTA BYkeKk¾kan;EtemIlmineXIjKuNtémøkñúgRBHBuT§sasna
enAeBlCnBalxageRkARBHBuT§sasnamkbMpøajRBHBuT§sasnaedayviFIsaRsþepSg² k¾
minGacrkSakarBarRBHBuT§sasna)an BIeRBaHxøÜnÉg k¾xVHesckþIeKarBcMeBaHRBHBuT§
sasnaRsab;eTAehIy kalebIxVHesckþIeKarB k¾BuMmancitþcg;sikSarkcMeNHdwg[Bit
R)akd RsYlminRsYlk¾køayeTACa]bkrN_rbs;CnBalxageRkAmkbMpøajRBHBuT§
sasnaedaymindwgxøÜneTotpg .
eyIgsakl,ggakmksegátemIlxøÜnÉgeTAemIlfa \LÚvenHxøÜneyIgCaCnBal
b¤eT? cuHeyIg)anbMeBjtYnaTICaBuT§sasnikd¾l¥ehIyb¤enA ?

323
 BuT§sasnikEdlBitR)R)akdRtUvRbkbedayKuNsm,
sm,tþidUcteTAenH
1¦ mansT§a eCOkñúgkarRtas
karRtas;
tasdw;dgw rbs;
rbsRBHsmµ
;RBHsmµasm<
smúT< § KW eCOfaRBHBuT§Cam©as;
manBitEmn ehIyCaGñkmanKuNviessx<s;KµanesckþIsgS½ykñúgRBHbBaØaFiKuNrbs;
RBHGgÁ .
2¦ mansIlbrisuT§ y:agehacNas;k¾RtUvrkSasIl 5 [)anl¥edIm,IrkSaxøÜnÉg
[rYcecjBI)abkmµTaMgLayEdr .
3¦ eCOelIkmµpl mineCOelICMenOesyüsaRsþ
nOesyüsaRsþ b:uEnþeCOelImgÁlPJak;rlwk KW
manesckþIyl;eXIjy:agRtwmRtUvcMeBaHelak nig CIvit PJak;rlwkfa GñkEdleFVIl¥)an
pll¥ GñkEdleFVIGaRkk;)anplGaRkk;CaBitR)akd minmanesckþIsgS½yNamYyeLIy
eRCIs eFVIEtesckþIl¥eTAtamsmtßPaBrbs;xøÜn .
4¦ minEsVgrkbuNüeRkARBHBuT§sasna sasna minEsVgrkbuNüedaycUleTArYmkñúg
BiFIkmµrbs;sasnadéTedayesckþIeBjcitþ eRBaHKitfa nwg)anbuNü RBmTaMgminelIk
édsMBHbdimasasnadéT b:uEnþk¾minRtUveFVI[hYsehtueBkeT minBicarNabUCnIyvtßú
rbs;sasnadéT rhUtmYyCivit KW RtUvEtxVl;xVayTMnukbRmuggcMeBaHEtRBHBuT§sasna .
5¦ xMdusxat;
xatci;cti þ[brisuT§ edaykar[Tan rkSasIl nig ceRmInemtþaPavna
[RtwmRtUvtamRBHBuT§sasna.
[eyIgBüayamsYrxøÜnÉgl¥Cagfa xøÜnÉghñwg)aneFVIxøÜn[smCaBuT§sasnik
y:agBitR)akdehIyb¤enA ebIminTan;eT RtUvEtRbjab;EkERbxøÜn kMu[esaksþayEdlekIt
mkTan;RBHBuT§sasnaehIy ebIeyIgeFVIdUecñH eyIghñwgÉg KWCaGñktGayuRBHBuT§sasna
y:agBitR)akd .
enAeBl)anGanGtßbTenHcb;ehIy eTIbseRmccitþykGtßbTenHmksresrCa
esovePA y:agehacNas;k¾)andas;etOnxøÚnÉgfa kñúgzan³CaBuT§sasnikCnmñak; éf¶enH
eyIg)antbsñgsgKuNRBHBuT§sasnaGVIxøHehIy .

324
325
 PaK 7 BuT§sasnikEdlBitR)akd

vtþerayerov - vtþrugerOg

kalBIExtula B>s 2541¬1998¦ )anekItRbvtþisaRsþsMxan;

mYyrbs;RBHBuT§sasnaenAkñúgRbeTseyIg enaH KW Bt’manGaRsUvrbs; rbs;
vtþmYykEnøg .
eyIgenAcaM)anfa cMeBlEdlesdækic©kMBugFøak;cuHy:agxøaMgenaH
sarBt’manRKb;c,ab; TUrTsSn_RKb;bu:sþ×)anBüayamcuHpSayBt’manvay
RbharvtþenaHy:agxøaMgkøa rhUtdl;GñkviPaKCaeRcInnak;TsSn_TayTukfa
minyUrbu:nµaneT vtþEdlmanépÞRkLaCag 3/200/000 Em:RtkaerenaH
nwgerayravbuHeTAminxan nwgkøayeTACavtþbuHFMbMput enAkñúgRbeTs .

326
 mnusSCaeRcInk¾)antamdanBt’manenHEdr b:uEnþeRkayBItamdanBt’manenHy:ag
ykcitþTukdak;rhUtdl; 2 qñaMmk eXIjfa lT§plecjmkbRBaäaseTAvij minKYr[eCO
esaHEdlvtþenaHtaMgenA)anrhUtdl;bc©úb,nñ manmnusSCaeRcInniyayfa RbsinebI
rdæaPi)alRtUveKecameramvayRbhardUcy:agvtþenaHvij minb:unµanExeT rdæaPi)alenaH
nwgdYlrlM/ rMlaysPaecal nig erobcMkare)aHeqñatfµIminxan .
eRkABIenH cMeBlEdlvtþRtUvRbB½n§eXasnaecjBt’manvayRbharxøaMgEbbenaH man
mnusSCaeRcIn)aneXIjdIkaRbkasrbs;vtþ GeBa¢Ij[RbCaCnmkcUlrYmBiFIbuNüsMxan;
kñúgRBHBuT§sasnaEdr eRkayBIbuNücb;ehIy k¾manBt’manecjBIvtþfa manmnusSrab;
Esnnak;mkcUlrYm b:uEnþk¾mansemøgriHKn;rbs;sarBt’manxøHfa vtþ)anCYlmnusS[mk
cUlrYmBiFIbuNü b:uEnþedaykarsegátBinitüemIledayxøÜnÉgeTA eXIjfa erOgenaHmin
BiteT ebIvtþykluyeTACY eTACYlmnusSy:SyageRcI
:ageRcInEbbenH vtþc,as; asCadY
;CadYlrlMminxan
ehIyRbkarsMxan;enaH GñkEdlmkcUlrYmmanTaMgBaNiC¢krBaNiC¢karinIGñksþúksþmÖenA
kñúgRbeTs mnusSEbbenHCYlmin)aneT niiyay[xøIeTA erOgEdlCYlmnusSmkvtþhwñg
RKan;EtpSayBt’manbeg¥IlelakEtbu:eNÑaH .
kñúgxN³eBlEdltamdanBt’manvtþenaHhñwg Gñksresrk¾)antamdanBt’man
vtþbuHkñúgRbeTsEdr enAkñúgqñaMenaH RtYtBinitüeXIjfa RbeTseyIgman vtþEdl RtUveK
e)aHbg;ecalCag 8000 vtþ RbEhlCa mYyPaKbIénvtþEdlman 30000 vtþ TUTaMg
RbeTs ebIKitCaépÞdImanRbEhlCa 500000 Gar .
erOgtYelxvtþEdlRtUv)aneKe)aHbg;ecalenaHkan;EtmaneRcIneLIg ehIyk¾man
sMNYrsYrfa etIGVICamUlehtuEdlnaM[vtþRtUv)aneKe)aneKe)aHbg;
aHbgecal
;ecal ?
karBicarNaerOgenH cab;epþImBIvtþ
vtþcas;
as; nig vtþfµI
vtþcas;² EdlCIdUnCItaeyIg)anksagenAeBlRbCaCnmany:ageRcIn 10 lan
nak;enaH mindl; 3 mWunvtþeT b:uEnþvtþfµIEdlekIteLIgkñúgry³eBl 30 qñaMmkenH min
dwgCamanb:unµanvtþeT .

327
 manesckþIfa ehtukarN_rbs;vtþ\LÚvenH KW vtþcas; asRtU
;RtUv)aneKe)
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aHbgecal
;ecal
vtþfµIk¾maneRcIneLIg .
sßanPaBrbs;vtþcas;min)anQb;Rtwmb:ueNÑaHeT minyUrbu:nµank¾mandMNwgecj
mk fa nwgmankarpøas;sbþ;bÚrþ RTBüsm,
RTBüsm,tþi dIFøWrbs;
bsvtþ
;vtþbuHeTACaedImTunvij .
ebIniyay[xøIeTA KW ykdIvFøIrbs;vtþbuHeTAeFVIGaCIvkmµ manKMnitEbbenH
vaxusnwgRBHBuT§sasnay:agxøaMg minRBmCYyEfrkSamt’krbs;CIdUnCItaeyIg eRCamERCg
[eTACavtþEdlrIkceRmInrugerOg EbrCamanKMnitykvtþcas;eTAeFVIEbbenHeTAvij Rbkar
sMxan; KW vtþbuHTaMgenH kalBImun Føab;CavtþEdlCIdUnCItarbs;eyIg)anksagTukeday
citþsT§aRCHføa BIeRBaHBYkKat;RBYy)armÖy:agxøaMgcMeBaHkUnecAEdlminyl;GMBIbuNü
ebICIdUnCItaTaMgenaHenArs;ranmanCIvit emøaHBYkKat;nwgmanGarmµN_y:agNacMeBaHkar
min)anykcitþTukdak;EfrkSavtþcas;rbs;Kat; .
tYelxvtþbuHEdl)anGanBt’manCYbenH eFVI[Gt;Kitmin)anfa RBHBuT§sasna
EdlmanenAkñúgRbeTseyIgGactaMgenA) enA)anyUrb:bu:nµaneTot .
ehtukarN_rbs;vtþcas; nig KMnitKitcg;pøas;bþÚrRTBüsm,tþirbs;vtþCaGaCIvkmµ
EbbenH eFVI[eyIgcab;GarmµN_kñúgerOgkareyagkareyagxø
kareyagxøÜnrYcrbs;
rbsvtþ
;vtþmYykEnøg eRBaHGacrYc
putBIvibtþiBt’manriHKn;Knrbs;
;rbssarBt’
rbs ;sarBt’man)
an)an RbEhlCag 2 qñaMknøgmky:agGs©arüehIy
GactaMgCMhrenA)aneRkamsm<aFsarBt’manrbs;sgÁmrhUtmkdl;bc©úb,nñenH ebIeyIg
sþab;Etmçag vaeFVI[eyIgxUcxaty:agxøaMg .
vtþenHrYcputBIsßanPaBCavtþbuHFMbMputenAkñúgRbeTs)
RbeTs)any:
anyagNaeTAhñ
:agNaeTAhñ+ ?
enAeBlBicarNamkdl;cMNucRtg;enH eFVI[eyIgcab;cMNuc)anfa vtþenHc, nHc,as;
asCaman
;Caman
RKwHsßansMxan;anEdleRbI
;EdleRbIkñúgkarEfrkSavtþmin[køayCavtþbuHy:yagBi :agBitR)R)akd EdlRKwHsßan
sMxan;anenHTM
;enHTMngCaKnøwHCYyeqøIysMNYr)anfa etIGVICamUlehtuénvtþbuHkñúgRbeTseyIRbeTseyIg? .
tamkarsikSaÉksarepSg² rbs;vtþ eXIjfa vtþenHmanRbvtþimkBIkUnsisSrbs;
RBHetCKuNcnÞsera ehIyk¾)anCYbcemøIyEdlCakUnesarenaHfa kareKarBBakü :kareKarBBakü
eRbonRbedArbs;
eRbonRbedArbsRKU ;RKU)aFüay : hñwgÉg .
328
 PikçúCakUnvtþmYyGgÁ)anmansgÇdIkafa : enAeBlEdlRBHetCKuNcnÞseraenA
manRBHCnµenAeLIy elak)an[ :mnþ mnþksagvtþ 3 bT : ehIyecAGFikarfµIénvtþenH
k¾)annaMykmnþTaMg 3 bTenaH mkbeRgon[sisSanusisS)anyl;RtUvKañ ehIy
ecAGFikark¾mkeFVICaKMrUpgEdr .
mnþbTTI 1 e)assm¥atvtþ[s¥at) t)at
RBHetCKuNBnül;ehtuplfa ebIvtþs¥at)atehIy GñkEdlmancitþmkeFVIbuNü
nwgmansT§aRCHføa eCOCak;fa luykak;TaMgGm,alma:nEdleFVIbuNüCamYynwgvtþenH
c,as;CanwgminhUreTAkñúgTIEdlminsmrmüeLIy .
]TahrN_fa ebIeKtaMgcitþmkeFVIbuNümYyBan;erol enAeBlmkdl;vtþ eBl
eXIjvtþs¥at)at KYr[GgÁúysRmak KYr[edIrkMsanþ sUm,IenAkñúgsalak¾KYr[edk
sRmak BImuncg;eFVIbuNümYyBan;eroleT k¾suMsiT§ieFVIbEnßmeTACamYymWunerol EtebI
taMgcitþeFVIbuNümYYymWunerolk¾eFVIelIshñwgeTAeTot .
PaBs¥at)
t)at KWW Camnþesñhs½_sk½ þisiT§ibMputrbs;
rbsvtþ
;vtþ
EtebIsYrfaetIkEnøgNarbs;vtþEdlmanmnusSeTArkeRcInbMput CMhandMbUgEdl
jatiejamcuHBILan Kat;sYrrkGVImuneK? sMdIdMbUgbg¥s; KW sYrfa bnÞb;TwkenAÉNa?
Kat;minsYrfa ecAGFikarvtþenAÉNaeT? b¤ RBHetCKuNEdlbeRgon)alI b¤ BUEkeTsna
GgÁenHGgÁenaHenAÉNaeT Kat;c,as;CaminsYreT b:uEnþKat;sYrfa bnÞb;TwkenAÉNa ?
ehtudUecñH erOgdMbUgbg¥s;EdlsmaCikkñúgvtþTaMgGs;RtUvCYyKñaeFVI TaMgeFVI[
manmnþesñh_CaTIbMput KW PaBs¥at)t)atenAkñúgbnÞbTw;Tkw nigbrievNenACMuvij .
]bkrN_e)assm¥atk¾sMxan;Edr kMusmøwgemIlGMe)as RkNat;knÞb b¤ FugsMram
fa Carbs;kxVk;esaeRKak b:uEnþsUm[emIlfa rbs;TaMgenH KWCa eTBFItaénPaBs¥at
)at GMe)asEdleyIge)assMram vamanb£T§iGacxabyksm,tþimktamGMe)as)an
TaMgRkNat;knÞbTaMgFugsMramsuT§EtmanmnþGacxabyksm,tþirbs;RBHBuT§sasna)an
TaMgGs; .

329
 RBHetCKuNbEnßmeTotfa vtþEdlminrkSaPaBs¥at)at manjatiejammkeBl
Nasalaqan;k¾r)a:t;r)a:y kudik¾mins¥at GñkEdl)ansagsalaqan; sagkudiTuk ebImk
eBlNak¾eXIjfamins¥at éf¶eRkayebIeyIgcg;)anmYyxñgeTot eTAR)ab;Kat; Kat;
k¾eqøIyfa cuHmYyxñghñwgenAminTan;s¥atpg ehIycg;)anmYyxñgeTotmkeFVIGVI eBlenaH
c,as;Cas<wkmuxminxan .
EtebIeyIgeFVI[s¥at)atrhUt Kat;mkGgÁúy edk Qr edIr k¾RsNuk éf¶Caevlal¥eBl
Na Kat;GacnwgmksYredayxøÜnÉgfa :RBHetCKuNcg;)anmYyxñgeToteT? eTaHbI
Kat;manfvikaminRKb; Kat;k¾eTAbbYlmitþKat;[CYyksag : .
PaBs¥at)atsagjatiejamEpñkes,og[dl;vtþGaramy:agenH PikçúsameNr
enAkñúgvtþmincaM)ac;lM)akkñúgkarecjbiNÐ)at eFVI[GacsikSa nig bdibtþiFm’)any:ag
gayRsYl nig manKMnitmancMeNHdwgFm’l¥²mkeRbonRbedAjatiejameTotpg .
eRkABIenH enAeBljatiejamRbeKnbc©½yeFVIbuNüGVIk¾eday k¾ykbc©½yhñwgeTA
eFVIbuNü[)anelOnbMputtamEdlGaceFVIeTA)an kMuykbc©½yeTAp¥wbTukyUreBk ebITTYl
BaküsmþIBIjatiejamfa nwgykeTAksagsala enAeBlKat;RbeKnbc©½ymkehIy RtUv
Rbjab;ykbc©½yenaHeTAksag ebIR)ab;fanwgykeTAksagkudi k¾RtUvRbjab;eTAksag
ebIeKeFVIbuNüGVI RtUveFVI[eKeXIjlT§pl[elOnbMput : .
enHKW viFIEfrkSavtþxTI 1 EdlehAfa PaBs¥
:PaBs¥at)
t)atxabyksm,
atxabyksm,tþi : b¤ mnþ
:mnþxab
yksm,
yksm,tþi : rbs;RBHetCKuNcnÞserahñwgÉg .
mnþbTTI 2 ]sSah_
sSaheTsna
_eTsna
RBHetCKuNBnül;ehtuplfa GñkEdlmansT§acg;ksagvtþ GPivDÆvtþ nwgRtUv
]sSah_eronFm’ nig eTsnapg eRBaHjatiejam)anykcgðan;mkdl;vtþehIy ebIPikçúenA
vtþminRBmeTsna[Kat;sþab;eT Kat;k¾manGarmµN_famkvtþBitCamin)anGVIeT .

330
 enAeBljatiejamRbeKnbc©½yeFVIbuNüGVIk¾eday k¾ykbc©½y
hñwgeTAeFVIbuNü[)anelOnbMput tamEdlGaceFVIeTA)ankMuyk
bc©½yeTAp¥wbTukyUreBk ebITTYlBaküsmþIBIjatiejamfa nwg
ykeTAksagsala enAeBlKat;RbeKnbc©½ymkehIy RtUv
Rbjab;ykbc©½yenaHeTAksagebIR)ab;fanwgykeTAksagkudi
k¾RtUvRbjab;eTAksag ebIeKeFVIbuNüGVI RtUveFVI[eKeXIjlT§
pl[elOnbMput

ebIPikçuúsameNrqan;cgðan;rbs;Kat;TeT² ehIyminmanFm’GVICUnKat;RtLb;mkpÞH
Kat;k¾mindwgfanwgmkvtþeFVIGVIeT .
eTsnaviFI b¤ erOgEdlRtUveTsna k¾maneKalkarN_erIsrkerOggay² KW smøwg
emIlmuxjatiejamfa Kat;manesckþITukçkgVl;erOgGVImYy ehIyk¾eTsna[Rtg;RtUvnwg
bBaðarbs;Kat; eTsna[Ck;citþbIdUcCaeCaHxÞúHecjBImuxrbYsdUecñaH RKan;Etjatiejam
sb,aycitþehIy Kat;k¾RCYtRCabkñúgRBHFm’BaküeRbonRbedA rbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§Ca
m©as; ehIyk¾mansT§aRCHføamkCYyPikçúsameNr GPivDÆvtþGaram[ceRmInrugerOg
eRBaHjatiejamKitfa bc©½yEdleFVIbuNüRbeKnRBHsgÇ TMnukbRmugvtþGaramenaH
RKan;EtCakar[elakiyRTBüb:ueNÑaH b:uEnþGVIEdlRBHsgÇ[ejamRtLb;mkvijenaH KW
GriyRTBü )andl; RTBüEdlGacedaHRsaybBaðaTukçesak)anrhUtmYyCIvitFMeFgCag
elakiyRTBüq¶ayNas; .

331
 enH Ca eKalkarN_emIlEfrkSavtþ xTI 2 b¤ EdlehAfa {]]sSah_ sSaheTsn_
_eTsn_
eTsn
xabmnusS}S b¤ {mnþ
mnþxabjatiejamcUlvtþ} rbs;RBHetCKuNcnÞserahñwgÉg .
mnþbTTI 3 ]sSah_
sSahGgÁ
_GgÁúysmaFi
RBHetCKuNBnül;ehtupl fa eKalbMNgénkarbYs KW kareFVIRBHniBVan[Cak;
c,as; ehIyviFIEdleFVIRBHniBVan[Cak;c,as;enaH KW RtUvEt]sSah_GgÁúysmaFi .
BaküeRbonRbedATaMgGs;rbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as; sgát;F¶n;eTAelIkarbeRgon
[BuT§buRt]sSah_GgÁúysmaFiCacm,g eRBaHkarEdlGñkNamYynwgGs;kielseTA)an
k¾RtUvEtemIl[eXIjkielsCamunsin GñkEdlnwgemIleXIjkiels)an etagEtemIl
eXIjcitþrbs;xøÜnÉg ehIyGñkEdlnwgemIleXIjcitþrbs;xøÜnÉg)an k¾RtUvEtGgÁúy
smaFibRgáabcitþ[s¶b; rhUtTal;EtekItBnøWkñúgcitþeRcInlµmnwgemIleXIjcitþrbs;xøÜn
Ég)an .
mnusSPaKeRcInkñúgelakenH emIlminTan;eXIjcitþrbs;xøÜnÉgeT eRBaHmin)an
GgÁúysmaFi eRcInEtFøak;xøÜnCaTaskrrbs;kiels)anedaygay elakenHeTIbvwkvr
\tRsakRsanþ .
karEdlmnusSelakemIleXIjPikçúsgÇ]sSah_GgÁúysmaFi GacCYy[BYkKat;
PJak;KMnit KiteXIj)an emIleXIjEbby:ag ehIyk¾cg;sakl,gGgÁúysmaFiEdr .
eRBaHehtuenaH kalebIjatiejammkeFVIbuNüÉvtþ eRkABIeTsna[sþab;ehIy
k¾RtUvbeRgonjatiejamGgÁúysmaFipg BIeRBaHebIjatiejamGgÁúysmaFiehIy citþ
k¾nwgs¥at s¶b; nig s¶ac ¬PøW¦Ég BnøWPøWføaenAkñúgcitþk¾maneRcIn KitEtBIerOgl¥emIl
eXIjRbeLaHpøÚvsagbuNükusl)any:agFøúHFøay .
ebIPikçúsgÇ]sSah_GgÁúysmaFi nig beRgonjatiejam[GgÁúysmaFiy:agenH
eTaHsagvtþ b¤ sagGVIk¾eday k¾nwgTTYl)aneCaKC½yTaMgGs; .
enH KWCa eKalkarN_emIlEfrkSavtþ xTI 3 EdlehAfa {]sSah_GgÁúysmaFi}
b¤ {mnþxabC½ycUlvtþ} rbs;RBHetCKuNvtþ):akNamPasIueRcInhñwgÉg .

332
 kalebI)ansþab;elakbris½TeqøIysMNYrehIy k¾yl;)anfa {vtþ vtþRBHFmµkay}
ay
rYcputBIvibtþiRKaenaH)anedayviFINa ehIy)ancemøIyfa ebIvtþNaeRbImnþrbs;
RBHetCKuNcnÞseraTaMg 3 bTenH mkkMNt;skmµPaBrbs;vtþRKb;y:ag[sIucgVak;Kña
vtþnwgKµan»kasricriledayBit eRkABIminricrilehIy EfmTaMgCavtþEdlmnusSniym
eTAeFVIbuNü niymeTAsikSaFm’eTotpg .
tMenOnsµartIEdl)anTTYlBIkarsikSaerOgenH KWfa ebIBuT§sasnikCnNaGs;
Par³Pñak;garxagpøÚvelakehIy KitnwgeRbIR)as;vKÁcugeRkayénCIvitenHecjbYs k¾nwg
CYyedaHRsay bBaðavtþricril)anedayeRcIn edayeRbIbTBiesaFn_CIvit nig ExSbNþaj
EdlxøÜnÉgman mkshkarKñasagbuNükñúgRKaGvsan edayCYyKñamþak;mYyédmYy
eCIgsþarehdæarcnavtþricrileLIgvij b¤ sagvtþfµIbEnßmeTot ehIybIbmfñmBvtþeday
eRbImnþ 3 bT rbs;RBHetCKuNcnÞsera k¾nwgeFVI[vtþricril køayeTACavtþrugerOgmþg
eTot vtþGaramkñúgRbeTseyIg k¾nwgminfycMnYncuH TaMgCakarCYybnþGayuRBHBuT§
sasna[sßitesßrecrkalterogeTAeTotpg .

333
334
 PaK 7 BuT§sasnikEdlBitR)akd

dMeNaHRsayvibtþiRBHBuT§sasna

ry³eBlCag 20 qñaMknøgmkenH segáteXIjfa kan;EtxitcUl

CitrdUvbuNükzin EdlCaRbéBNIsMxan;rbs;BuT§sasnikCnb:unNa sar
Bt’mankan;EtcuHpSaydMNwgPikçúGgÁxøHEdl eFVIxusRBHvin½yy:agKRKwk
KeRKgCahUrEhb:uneNaH Tal;EtCaehtujaMugsT§aRCHføarbs;BuT§sasnik
CnTUTaMgRbeTs[Føak;cuHy:agKMhuk eRBaHRbCaCnyl;eXIjfaRBHsgÇ
minKYr[eKarB plb:HBal;Føak;eTAelIPikçúsameNrCag 3 EsnrUb TUTaMg
RbeTs kalebIRbCaCnminmansT§aRCHføa eKk¾minbeRgonkUnecA[Bn
RBHsMBHRBHsgÇ mincab;GarmµN_kñúgkarsikSaFm’ nig mineFVIbuNüTan
BiFIbuNüepSg² rbs;vtþ eTIbCab;xVinRkvinRkvg;Gs;BuT§sasnikCnk¾
erayraveTACaerOy² bBaðaTaMgGs;enHekItecjBIesµrGñksresrBt’man
minb:unµannak;bu:eNÑaH .

335
 kñúgkrNIEdlsarBt’mancuHpSayPikçúGgÁxøHeFVIxusRBHvin½yEbbenH etIBuT§sas
nikCnKYr KitdUcemþceTIbRtwmRtUv nig CakarCYyEfrkSaRBHBuT§sasnapg ?
ebIkalNamansarBt’mancuHpSaydMNwgTak;TgnwgPikçúGgÁNamYyEdlRbRBwtþxu
sqÁg minKYr[eKarB cas;TuMKb,IbeRgonkUnecA[cab;cMNucKitedaybBaØa dUcteTAenH
cMNucTI 1 ebIsarBt’mancuHpSaydMNwgPikçúNamYyeFVIxus BuT§sasnikCn
kuMGaleCOeTAtamdMNwgenaH b:uEnþRtUveRbIvicarNjaNedayehtupl nig KYrTukerOg
enaH[KN³sgÇcat;viFankarBicarNaCMnuMCRmHKñaÉgeTAtamRBHFmµvin½y .
taMgBIburaNkalmk RBHefracarüEtgmanefrdIkaTuky:agc,as;las;fa RBHBuT§
sasnaeRbobdUcCaRsHTwkFM GñkNamkdl;ehIy cuHgUtGñkenaHk¾TTYl)anPaBRCH
s¥atRtLb;eTAvij pÞúyeTAvij ebIGñkNamkdl;ehIy mincuHgUteT xøÜneKk¾enAEtRsmk
mins¥atdEdl .
y:agNamij karcUlmkbYsCaPikçúkñúgRBHBuT§sasnak¾y:agenaHEdr KW PikçúGgÁ
NataMgcitþ bdibtþiFm’ PikçúGgÁenaHk¾)anTTYlPaBs¥ats¥MTaMgpøÚvkay vaca nig citþ ÉPikúç
GgÁNaminRBmbdibtþiFm’ PikçúGgÁenaHk¾enAEtRskakdEdl .
karEdlRBHPikçúeTAeFVIxusRBHvin½y eTaHedayectna b¤ minectnak¾eday
RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;)anbBaØtþRBHvin½yrYcral;Gs;ehIy jatiejamRtUvEtman
TMnukcitþTuk[CaerOgépÞkñúgrbs;KN³sgÇrbs;vtþenaH² cat;viFankareTAtamRBHvin½y
edayPikçúemRKb;RKgvtþenaH nwgCaGñksYrcemøIy RtYtBinitütwktag nig sakSI[c,as;
las; minEmnjatiejamerobcMtulakarkat;eTasKñaÉgeT EdlPaKeRcInecHEtniyay
rGUcreGIbtamKñaeRscEtGMeBIcitþ .
RbsinebIPikçúrUbenaHeFVIxusBitEmn ehIyeTaskMhusenaHF¶n;F¶rdl;fñak;dac;BI
PikçúPav³ k¾RtUvEt[swkecjeTA .
b:uEnþebIeTaskMhusenaHminxusF¶n;F¶rdl;fñak;dac;cakPikçúPav³ nig RKan;Etxus
qÁgeRBaHesckþIRbmaTeFVsRbEhseT RBHvin½yEdlRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;bBaØtþTuk
enAebIk»kas[PikçúEdleFVIxusenaH EkkunxøÜnÉgsaCafµI)an .
336
 b:uEnþebIkMhusxusqÁgenaH manTaMgxusc,ab;rdæTak;Tinpg k¾RtUvEtBicarNa
eTAtamPsþútag nig sakSI TaMgpøÚvRBHvin½yTaMgpøÚvc,ab;teTA .
niyayrYm KWfa ebIPikçúNaeFVIxus jatiejamkuMeTAerobcMtulakarRbCaCnkat;
eTaselak b¤ sresrBt’manriHKn;PikçúsgÇya:gcas;éd b:uEnþRtUv[sgÇaPi)al CaGñk
BicarNakat;kþIeTAtamRBHvin½y rYcehIyk¾min)ac;riHKn;GVIteTAeTot eRBaHebIniyay
eTAxus²eT køayCa)abdl;xøÜnÉgTeT² .
cMNucTI 2 ebIkaEstcuHpSayPikçúeFVIxus BuT§sasnikCn kuMKitem:ArYmfa RBH
PikçúTUTaMgRbeTseFVIxusdUcKñaTaMgGs; .
karEdlnwghamkaEstmin[cuHpSaydMNwgPikçúGñkeFVIxusRBHvin½y eyIgGac
nwghamkaEst)anedaylM)ak eRBaHeKmanGaCIBraykarN_Bt’man[sgÁm)andwg
b:uEnþebIkaEstenaHcuHpSayEtelakeFVIxus enAeBlRBHsgÇvtþepSg² eFVIskmµPaBGb;rM
sIlFm’dl;RbCaCn k¾minRBmcuHpSay[esµInwgcuHpSayelakeFVIxuseT bBa¢ak;fa
kaEstenaHlMeGogRCuleBk .
manesckþIBitmüa:gEdlBuT§sasnikCnminsUv)anKit KW RBHBuT§sasnaKg;nwg
minGacmanGayudl;éf¶enH)aneT ebIRBHsgÇl¥²manticenaH b:uEnþeRBaHsBVéf¶enH
kñúgmYyéf¶² manRBHsgÇecjeTAeFVImuxgarCYysgÁmx©at;x©ay enARKb;tMbn;TaMgGs;
TUTaMgRbeTs b:uEnþsarBt’manminsUvykmkcuHpSayeT pÞúyeTAvij eBlRBHPikçúeFVIxus
qÁg niymykmkcuHpSayya:gKRKwkKeRKg .
karebIk»kas[pSayBt’man [sMeNrxÞg;Bt’man nig [rlkpSayBt’man
RBHPikçúEdlFøak;xøÜnCacugecaTrbs;sgÁmCaerOy²EbbenHeRcInCag [ecjpSay
Bt’manRBHPikçúEdleFVIRbeyaCn_dl;sgÁmenHÉg CamUlehtu[RbCaCnPaKeRcInyl;
RcLMfa RBHPikçúPaKeRcInminRbRBwtþxøÜnkñúgsIlFm’ .
kMLúgeBlNaEdlsarBt’mancuHpSayvayRbharRBHPikçúya:gdMNM fVIebIdMNwg
enaHminCakarBitpgeT RBHPikçúrUbdéT eTaHnwgeFVIdMeNIreTATINa k¾RtUvemogemIleday
RkEsEPñkrbs;sgÁmRKb;eBlevla kñúglkçN³caMcab;eTasGUsdMeNIrCaerOy² .
337
 erOgTaMgGs;enHqøúHbBa©aMg[eXIjfa karlMeGogmincuHpSaydMNwgrbs;RBHPikçú
EdleFVIGMeBIl¥rab;EsnrUb manpleFVI[RbCaCnrYjsT§aBIRBHBuT§sasnay:agxøaMg .
RBHefr³GgÁxøHEdltaMgRBHT½ybMeBjRbeyaCn_CYysgÁmmkrab;sibqñaM b:uEnþ)an
TTYlplb:HBal;GMBIerOgTaMgenH dl;fñak;manefrdIka fa
{sBVéf¶enH eBlRBHsgÇniyaydas;etOnGVI [sgÁm)anKit Bi)akEmnETn
sUm,IEtRBHsgÇBüayamdwknaMmnusS[mansIlFm’ k¾xusqÁgEdr xusRtg;Na? xusRtg;
eTAbbYlmnusS [eFVIGMeBIl¥ b:uEnþminRtUvcitþsarBt’man }
{eBlRBHsgÇecjmkdas;etOneRkOnrMlwk RBHsgÇk¾RtUveKbenÞas fa minEmn
Cakic©karrbs;RBHsgÇeT b:uEnþRKan;EtRBHsgÇeFVIRBegIykenþIyenAkñúgvtþ ehIysgÁm
ekItmanbBaða RBHsgÇk¾RtUveKsþIbenÞaseTotfa bYsCaRBHsgÇehIyminecHeFVI
RbeyaCn_[sgÁm .
RBHsgÇRtUv)aneKkat;kþI[CaGñkxusTaMgeLIgTaMgcuHGMBIsarBt’man } .
enAeBl)ansþab;RBHefr³manefrdIkadUecñHehIy Kitfa karGanBt’manPikçúEdl
eFVIxusRBHvin½y BuT§sasnikCnRtUvEtEjk[dac;rvagerOgbuKÁl nig shPaK ebImin
Ejk[dac;eT køayCamnusSEdlkat;kþIedayxVHvicarNjaN RtUvnwgBakü]bmafa
{emI
emIleXIjRtIs¥úymYy GENþtTwkmk k¾em:mAfaRtI :AfaRtITaMgsÞwgs¥úyTaMgGs;
Gs;} kalebIdUecñH
RtLb;Ca)an)abBIkarbMpøajRBHBuT§sasnaedaymindwgxøÜn EdlTaMgenHminEmnCa
vis½yrbs;BuT§sasnikCnBiteT eRBaHBuT§CnBitRtUvEtmanesckþIhµt;ct;smdUcRBHsmµa
sm<úT§Cam©as;Rtas;eRbonRbedAy:agc,as;las;fa
{kukuMeCOedayxVHkarBicarNa[
arNa[l¥inl¥n;} hñwgÉg .
cMNucTI 3 GñkEdlceRmInkñúgFm’)an minRtUvcaMcab;kMhusRBHsgÇeT b:uEnþ
]btßmÖKaMRTkareFVIkargarpSBVpSayRBHFm’rbs;RBHsgÇy:ageBjTMhwg
cMeBaHRbFanbTenH sUmelIkykehtukarN_mYyEdlekIteLIgkñúgnaTIpSay
RBHBuT§sasnaEdlmanRBHefr³GFib,ayerOgenHTuky:agc,as;las;dUcteTAenH

338
 manejammñak; edaysarkarGanBt’manGMBIRBHPikçúeFVIxusmkCaeRcIn eTIbKitfa
RBHsgÇTUTaMgRbeTsenHRskakdUcKñaTaMgGs; RKan;Et)anmkCYbRBHefr³ Kat;k¾elIk
yksMNYrenH mksYrfa
{RBHsgÇsBVéf¶enHRbRBwtþxøÜnminKYr[eKarB minKYr[RCHføa ´kNasUmrab;Gan
RtwmEtRBHBuT§ nig RBHFm’ Qb;rab;GanRBHsgÇ etI)aneT ? } .
sMNYrenHCasMNYrl¥itl¥n; manplb:HBal;kñúgmCÄdæanFMTUlay TaMgCakarBi)ak
eqøIypg BIeRBaHebIeqøIyminRsYl mansiT§ieFVI[sisSTaMgbnÞb; Qb;rab;GanRBHsgÇ
TUTaMgRbeTsk¾)an .
b:uEnþRBHetCKuNKg;enAes¶omjwm²ehIyeqøIysMNYrenaHya:gRsYlfa
karEdlbuKÁlNamñak;Gacrab;GanRBHFm’)an manlkçxNÐsMxan;mYyfa buKÁl
enaHetagEtCaGñkmincUlcitþcab;kMhusGñkdéT b:uEnþBüayamrkGMeBIl¥Edlmankñúg
xøÜnrbs;GñkdéT[eXIjtamsPaBBit sMNYrrbs;ejamEdlsYrfa nwgQb;rab;Gan
RBHsgÇ rab;GancMeBaHEtRBHBuT§ nig RBHFm’)aneT? eqøIyfa min)aneT BIeRBaHGVIEdl
ejamelIkeLIgfa RBHsgÇminsUvl¥ya:genHy:agenaH s[eXIjfa ejammannisS½y
cUlcitþcab;kMhusGñkdéT xVHesckþIsegát[)anhµt;ct; ehIyGarkat;GVI² gayxøaMg
eBk .
RBHsgÇTUTaMgRbeTsmandl;eTA 2-3 Esn GgÁ ejamsÁal;RBHsgÇ)anb:unµan
Gg Á?
y:ageRcInNas; Gatµa[ejam 1 Ban;GgÁ ebIejamemIleXIjRBHsgÇmiinl¥ 1
Ban;GgÁ cuH 3 EsnGgÁEdll¥ejameFVIy:agem:c ?
ejammannisS½ycab;kMhusEbbenH CatienHmuxCarkelakl¥mineXIjeT ejam
ggwtggl;EtxøÜnÉg GatµaKitfaejamKYrEthVwkhat;karsmøwgemIlmnusSsaCafµI .
enAeBlsmøwgemIlcUleTAkñúgvtþ eFVIcitþ[dUcCasmøwgemIleTAkñúgsßab½nkarsikSa
pøÚvelak ejamnwgemIleXIjmnusS 2 RbePT kñúgsßab½nkarsikSa KW

339
 RbePTTI 1 sisSEdlcUlmksikSarkcMeNHdwg
RbePTTI 2 viTüacarüEdlCaRKUbeRgon
sisSEdlcUlmkrkcMeNHdwgkñúgsßab½nkarsikSa »kasEdleKnwgRbRBwtþxus
eFVIxøÜnminRtwmRtUv maneT ? BitCaman maneRcInsn§wk .
cuHeyIgRbkan;eTasnwgsisSTaMgenaHeT? Gt;eT eRBaHeyIgyl;fa BYkeKeTIbEt
QancUlmksikSarkcMeNHdwg eFVIxusqÁgxøH eyIgsuxcitþ[GP½yeTas .
b:uEnþ ebICamnusSRbePTTI 2 fñak;viTüacarü ebImanGsuRkitPaB eyIgeRcInEt
riHKn;KñaeTAvijeTAmk .
kñúgvtþGaramTaMgGs;kñúgRbeTs karBitGñkbYskñúgvtþ k¾dUcCamnusSkñúgsßab½n
karsikSapøÚvelak man 2 RbePT KW
RbePTTI 1 GñkbYseron
elakeTIbEtcUlmkrkcMeNHdwg CYnkal eTIbEtbYs)an 2-3 éf¶ mYyExBIrEx
mYyqñaM BIrqñaM b:ueNÑaH CakarBitNas; elakenACaGñkfµIkñúgFmµvin½yenAeLIy ehtuenaH
elakenAmancMNucEdlRbRBwtþxusqÁgxøH vaCaFmµtasRmab;GñkbYseron minmanGVI
F¶n;F¶reT .
RbePTTI 2 GñkbYskRmitefracarü
RBHefr³TaMgenHCassrRTUgrbs;vtþRKb;vtþkñúgRbeTsCati srubRbEhlCamYy
EsnGgÁ ehIyelakk¾taMgRBHT½yRbRBwtþbdibtþiFm’ ebIRBHefr³TaMgenH mintaMg
RBHT½yRbRBwtþbdibtþiFm’y:agRbditRbCIerogerobdrabtaMgBIburaNkalmkeT sBVéf¶enH
vtþmuxCaricril RBHBuT§sasnaRbEhlCadYlrlH)at;eTAehIy minenAmkdl;BYkeyIg
eT .
b:uEnþKYr[segátmüa:g RBHefr³EdlmancMeNHdwgl¥ mankarRbRBwtþl¥TaMgenH
PaKeRcInelakmanParkic©mmajwk ehIyminEmnCavis½yrbs;RBHsgÇEdlecjmk
eXasnafa xøÜnÉgl¥RbéBy:agenHy:agenaHeLIy RBHefr³TaMgenH»hatsMPIRbRBwtþ
RbtibtþiFm’eT GgÁxøHk¾ecjeTAedIrFutgÁkñúgéRB yUr² eTIbelaknimnþecjmkmþg GgÁxøHk¾
340
Kg;enAkñúgRsuk kñúgRkug dUcCa BYkeyIgenHÉg eRkABItaMgcitþhat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜnÉgehIy
elakEfmTaMgGb;rMbnÞMnisS½ydl;kUnsisSrbs;elakeTot ehIyelakk¾minEdlecj
mkeXasna rW GMBavnavtamTMB½rkaEst b¤ tammuxkBa©k;TUrTsSn_fa elakBUEky:agenaH
BUEky:agenHeT eRBaHRBHefr³TaMgenaHeBareBjeTAedayKuNFm’ RtUvnwgBaküeKfa Twk
eBjdbRkLúkminlW mann½yfa GñkmanKuNFm’eBjelj minecHniyayGYtek¥gk¥ag
eT .
kñúgsßab½nkarsikSapøÚvelak karEtgxøÜn nig Gayurbs;buKÁlEdleyIgemIl
eTAeXIj GacnwgEjkecj)an fa enH KWCa RKUbeRgon b:uEnþenAkñúgvtþ c,as;CaEjk
miinecjeT BIeRBaH elakRKb;GgÁesøoks,g;RKgcIBrdUc² Kña .
ehtudUecñH karEdlejamemIleXIjelakminb:unµanrUb dUcCa 5 GgÁ rW 10 GgÁ
ya:geRcInNas; minelIs 1000 GgÁEdlmanesckþIRbRBwtþxusqÁg ehIyejamGarkat;
fa Qb;rab;GanRBHsgÇTUTaMgsgÇmNÐlEdlmanenArab;EsnGgÁ sUm[ejamRtLb;
eTABicarNaemIlxøÜnÉgsaCafµIfa eFVIGBa©wgRtwmRtUveT ?
ebIGBa©wg Gatµacg;[ejameFVIcitþGeBa©H fa eBleFVIbuNüCamYynwgRBHsgÇ
eyIgmindwgfa elakCaGñkbYseron b¤ RBHefr³ b¤ manKuNFm’ticeRcInb:unNaeT ejam
k¾tmál;citþya:genHfa
drabNaelakminTan;eFVIxusvin½yF¶n;F¶reT sUm[Kitfa eyIgeFVITanedIm,ICa
kmøaMgkMEhgkñúgkarRbtibtþiFm’rbs;elakCaPieyüaPaBeLIg nwg)anCaERsbuNüeBj
eljnaeBlxagmux éf¶NaEdlCYbRBHsgÇsRmYml¥ ejamk¾taMgcitþeFVIbuNüCamYy
nwgelaky:agGs;BIcitþ edIm,I[TTYl)anplbuNüeBjbribUrN_ .
ebIlWdMNwgfa PikçúrUbNamankiriyaRbRBwtþl¥RtwmRtUv mansIlacarvtþKYr[RCHføa
sUm,IebIelakKg;enAq¶ayk¾eday k¾CRCuleTArk eTARkabfVaybgÁMelak ehIyejam
k¾nwg)anERsbuNüsmdUcbMNg ebIeFVIdl;fñak;enH rkmiinTan;)aneTot k¾cUrs¶b;citþ xM
sgVatRbRBwtþFm’teTAeGIy .

341
 BuT§sasnikCnRtUvEtEjk[dac;rvagerOgbuKÁlnigshPaK
ebIminEjk[dac;eT GackøayCamnusSEdlkat;kþIedayxVH
vicarNjaN RtUvnwgBakü]bmafa{emIleXIjRtIs¥úymYy
GENþtTwkmkk¾em:Afa RtITaMgsÞwgs¥úyTaMgGs;}kalebIdUecñH
RtLb;Ca)an)ab BIkarbMpøajRBHBuT§sasnaedaymindwgxøÜn

ebIkebHdUg[TUlay ehIyéf¶NamYyejamk¾nwgCYbelakRtUvRtg;GFüaRs½y
CaERsbuNürbs;ejamedayBit kuMrh½skat;kþI sl;EtRBHBuT§ nig RBHFm’bue: NÑaH
RtUveKarB[RKb;éRtsrNKmn_ KW eKarBRBHrtnRt½y ehIyejamk¾nwgeyagxøÜnrYc)an
TaMgCatienH nig Catixagmux ehIyGacnaMxøÜneTAkan;RBHniBVan)an} .
TaMgGs;enHCacemøIysRmab;RbFanbTTI 3 rbs;RBHefr³mYyrUbEdlesµr´sÁal;
nig eKarBRsLaj;cMeBaHcMeNHdwg nig smtßPaBrbs;elak CaBiess krNIenH
elak)anCYyeFVICaemFavIkarBarvibtþisT§acMeBaHRBHsgÇ [x¢ab;x¢ÜnmaMmYnkñúgcitþrbs;
BuT§sasnikCnmþgeTot .

342
eTasénkarGanBt’manedayGeyaniesamnsikar
sRmab;krNIenH ebIcas;TuMminRbedAkUnecA[ecHKitBicarNaBt’manTak;Tgnwg
RBHsgÇy:aghµt;ct; ehIybeNþay[kUnecAsþab;RbB½n§eXasnaedayxVHkarBicarNa
EbbenH Cakarkat;pþac;»kaskñúgkarsagbuNü)armIdl;xøÜn nig kUnecA BIeRBaHeKKit
em:Asrubfa RBHsgÇRKb;GgÁRskakdUcKñaTaMgGs;TUTaMgRbeTs kUnecAkøayeTACaGñk
Garkat;edayxVHstibBaØaBicarNa[q¥ineq¥A RKan;EtCakarsþab;sac;erOgBIsarBt’man
Etmçag ehIyk¾cab;ykcMNucxus mincab;citþsikSaFm’EdlCaeKalsMxan;rbs;CIvit
CalT§plbNþal[xVHkaryl;dwgerOgBiPBEpndI nig CIvitya:gKYr[ esaksþay .
t,iteKminyl;fa EpndIEdlrs;enAGaRs½y nig CIvitrbs;eyIgenH manc,ab;
RbcaMBiPBelak c,ab;RbcaMCIvitEdlRtUvsikSacakBaküeRbonRbedAkñúgRBHBuT§sasna
[yl; eTIbGacRTRTg;CIviteTA)anedayRtwmRtUveT .
c,ab;
abRbcaM
;RbcaMelak b¤c,ab;énkmµ¬kmµlixit¦manesckþIfa GñkNaeFVIl¥ RtUvEt)anl¥
GñkNaeFVIGaRkk; RtUvEt)anGaRkk; plrbs;GMeBIl¥ ehAfa plbuNü ehIypl
rbs;GMeBIGaRkk; ehAfa pl) pl)ab xøÜneyIgeFVIGVINanImYy eTaHeCOk¾edaymineCOk¾eday
buNünig)abk¾edaytamxøÜneTA RtUvEtTTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHplénGMeBIenaHEtmñak;Ég pl
buNü nig pl)abminhucpl evocevreTAtamCMenOrbs;GñkNaeLIy b:uEnþhucpl[
eTAtamc,ab;RbcaMelakenHmkCayUrehIy .
c,ab;
abRbcaM
;RbcaMCIvit KW éRtlkçN_ )andl; Gnic©M ¬mineTog¦ TukçM ¬CaTukç¦ Gntþa
¬minEmnxøÜnrbs;eyIg¦ cMNucenHCasc©PaBrbs;ral;CIvitkñúgelakenH .
TaMg 2 y:agenHCasc©PaBEdlRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;rkeXIj b:uEnþelIs
BIenaHeTAeTot KW RTg;rkeXIjviFIGnuvtþedIm,IrMedaHxøÜn[rYcputBIc,ab;énkmµ nigéRt
lkçN_enH .
b:uEnþenAeBleKGanBt’manehIy minecHBicarNaBt’man eRkAEtBIminyl;dwg
BaküeRbonRbedAd¾l¥kñúgRBHBuT§sasnaehIy Gacnwgcab;cMNucc,úcxusfa RBHsgÇ
TUTaMgRbeTs RbEhlCaRskakdUcKñaTaMgGs; .
343
 ehIyk¾GacnwgQaneTAdl;fñak;mineCOfa buNü)abmanBitEmn ehIyebIeK
yl;xusmkdl;Rtg;cMNucenH eCOCak;fa eTaHbICamatabita b¤ CIdUnCItacg;eFVIbuNüesÞIr
dac;xül;y:agNa k¾eKminKaMRTya:geBjTMhwgEdr b¤ CYnkal raraMgbuNüeTotpg eRBaH
eKmanKMnitKitfa kareFVIbuNüCakarbgðinRTBü kardak;)aRtCakarKaMRTmnusSkm¢il Edl
CaehtuplesµInwgmnusSmineCOerOgbuNü)abenaHÉg .
kalebIdMNalmkdl;Rtg;cMNucenH eyIgmuxCa)anesckþIrYmehIyfa karEdl
nwgeTAR)ab;[sarBt’mancuHpSayRBHsgÇEdlRbwgERbgeFVIRbeyaCn_dl;sgÁm eRcIn
CagenH Kg;nwgBi)akeFVINas; kñúgzan³EdlGñkTaMgGs;KñaCamatabita b¤ CIdUnCIta k¾RtUv
EtCYyKñaGb;rMbnÞMnisS½y kUnecA[ecHEvkEjk nig KitBicarNa[eXIjPaBRtwmRtUvCa
munsin ehIyswmseRmccitþ kuMseRmccitþedayGeyaniesamnsikarhñwgÉg eTIb)an
CabegÁalFanafa kñúgRKaGvsanénCIvit kUnecAnwgcaMeRCamERCg[CIdUnCItarbs;eK
)aneFVIbuNükusly:ageBjTMhwg ehIyPikçúsameNr k¾nwg)anhVwkhat;xøÜnÉgya:g
eBjeljpgEdr TaMgmanlT§PaBCYyeFVIRbeyaCn_dl;sgÁmterogeTA RBHBuT§sasna
k¾nwgzitefrecrkalkñúgEpndIénRbeTseyIg nig )anTTYlkarbnþevn[yUrGEgVgerog
erobdrabeTAehag .

344
345
 PaK 7 BuT§sasnikEdlBitR)akd

RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;CaTidæanuKtiénR)aCJa

kalebIeyIg)anqøgkat;sgÁm qøgkat;CIvitmkmYyry³kalehIy
eyIgmuxCayl;Baküfa CIvitmaneCarmannac )any:agc,as;las;
mann½yfa KµanGñkNas‘yEtrhUtenaHeLIy ehIyk¾KµanGñkNaehg
EtrhUtenaHEdr CIvitmanTaMgsuxmanTaMgTukçlayLMKña b:uEnþcMNucsMxan;
EdleyIgminRtUvePøc KW etIeFVIdUcemþckñúgRKaEdlmanesckþIsux eyIgmin
RtUvQøk;ePøItePøInxøÜnÉgTal;EtkøayeTACaGñksagTukçdl; CndéTeLIy
ehIyetIeFVIdUcemþckñúgRKanEdlmanTukç KW eyIgminCab;pugsøúgnwgesckþI
TukçenaHeday\tRsakRsanþeLIy pÞúyeTAvij ecHsagkmøaMgcitþts‘Unwg
bBaða t eTAeTotTal;EtbBaðaenaHcalcaj;cMeBaHeyIg .
346
 kalebIExSCIvit RtUvBwgEp¥kelIR)aCJaedIm,IdwknaMxøÜn[bnþCIviteTA)anTaMgRKaman
Tukç nig RKamansuxdUecñH eXIjfa kñúgelakenH KµanGñkNamanbBaØaénkarciBa©wmCIvit
RbesIrelIsCagRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;ya:gBitR)akd .
RBHbBaØabrisuT§rbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;eBjbribUredayeKalkarN_ts‘UCIvitd¾
RtwmRtUv CameFüa)ayGnuvtþTaMgRKaeCar-nacrbs;CIvit)any:ageqñIméqñ nig CaTidæanuKti
BaküeRboRbedArbs;stVelakEdlBuT§sasnikCnKYrsikSaeQVgyl;[)anCak;lak; .

dMeNIreCarnacrbs;CIvitGaRs½yeTAelIGVIxøH?
manmnusSCaeRcInsn§wksn§ab;Edlminyl;karBitfa dMeNIrehgs‘yrbs;CIvit
manmUlehtumkBIGVIxøH GñkmYycMnYneCOfa páaynkçtþbJkSelIGakasevhas_ CaGñkeFVI
¬eharasaRsþ
eharasaRsþ¦ GñkmYycMnYneToteCOfa RBHCam©as;CaGñkbNþal[man ¬RBhµ RBhµlilxi it¦
GñkviTüasaRsþxøHeCOfa GaRs½yelIxYrk,alrbs;xøÜnÉg ¬viviTüasaRsþ¦ b:uEnþRBHsmµa
sm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;rkeXIjesckþIBit fa c,ab;
abpþ;paþ c;ckarRbcaM
;karRbcaMelak enH KW c,ab;énkmµ
¬kmµ
kmµlixit¦ RTg;Rtas;fa {GñGñkNaeFVIkmµNa eTaHl¥kþI GaRkk; GaRkkkþ;kIþ RtUvEtCaGñkTTYl
plénkmµenaH}naH .
ehtudUecñH enAeBleyIgekItmanbBaðaGVIk¾eday RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;[
eyIgBicarNaxøÜnÉgBImUlehtu 3 y:ag KW
1¦ bNþalmkBIeyIgxussIlkñúgeBlbc©úb,nñ .
2¦ bNþalmkBIkarxussIlrbs; rbseyI
;eyIgkñúgGtItkal .
3¦ bNþalmkBIeFVsRbEhs minhµtct; ;ct; .
ct
TaMg 3 cMNucenHCacMNucFMénkarRbQmmuxnwgbBaðaCIvitrbs;eyIgEdleyIg
Føab;xusqÁgmkTaMgkñúgGtItkalTaMgrlwk)an nig rlwkmiin)an .
eRBaHehtuenH eTaHbICaekItbBaðaF¶n;F¶rGVIk¾eday RBHBuT§Cam©as;RTg;Rtas;fa
hamsagbBaðaEfm mann½yfa eyIgRtUvrkSasIl[l¥bMput .

347
 ebIeyIgenARtUveFVIkarrksIuCaGñkRKgpÞHeT sIl 5 minRtUv[ex©aHeT ebICaPikçú
sIl 227 RtUvrkSa[l¥\tex©aH ebICa])ask])asika b¤ dUnCI sIl 8 rbs;xøÜn RtUvEt
rkSa[l¥eBjeljCamunsin edIm,ICaeRKOgkarBarfa eyIgnwgminsagbBaðaEfmeTot .
RBHBuT§Cam©as;Rtas;TUnµany:agenH k¾edIm,I[eyIgecHsRmbxøÜn[mansþg;dar
Camunsin BuMenaHesateT RKan;EtbBaðarYbrwt gakmkj:úkrn§enH rn§enaHFøay j:úkrn§enaH
vak¾FøayeTACaerOy² karedaHRsaybBaðavaminecHcb; b:uEnþRKan;EtekItbBaðaPøam eyIg
Rbjab;sRmYlkRmit RBwtþikmµrbs;eyIgmun karedaHRsaybBaðaepSg²k¾Cakargay
kalebIeyIgmansIl 5 eBjbribUr .
bnÞab;BIenaH k¾smøwgemIlviFIkaredaHRsayCakrNI²eTA dUcCa ebIkrNIenaH
CaerOgrbs;RTBüsm,tþi rW erOgrbs;plRbeyaCn_RtUvedaHRsayedayTan .
b:uEnþebIminEmnCaerOgrbs;RTBüsm,tþieT CaerOgxuscitþKña y:agenHRtUvedaH
nwgxøÜnÉg KW hat;Bt;lt;dMxøÜn[CamnusSmansmµaKarv³ nig manesckþIlMGutlMeGanpg
CYnkalGacRtUvRkabsMBHsµalaeTaseK k¾RtUvEtsuxcitþeFVIedIm,IbBaÄb;bBaða .
emIlteTAeTot erOgxøHekIteRBaHesckþIRbmaTrbs;eyIg eTAelµIseKeFVI[
rbs;eKxUcxat kñúgkrNIy:agenH RtUvedaHRsayedaykarsgeKvijtamsmKYr .
b:uEnþy:agNak¾eday RKb;erOgTaMgGs; enAeBlekItmanbBaðaehIy RtUvQb;sin
kuMGaleTAeFVIGVIt GgÁúysmaFi[citþs¶b;sin edIm,IsmøwgemIl[c,as;fa CaerOgGVI ehIy
ral;eBlevlaEdleyIgminTan;dwgfamUlehtuBit KW GVI b¤ minTan;c,as;kñúgcitþ kuMGaleTA
edaHRsay ebIc,as;kñúgcitþehIy [Rbjab;edaHRsayPøam .
enAeBledaHRsay RtUveFVIedaycitþRtCak;bMput erOgxøHedaHRsaymin)aneT
)anEtrgcaMeBlevla k¾RtUvGt;Fµt; .

viFIedaHRsaybBaðarbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;
y:agNak¾eday manbTsURtmnþ 1 bT RBHsgÇsURt[sþab;ral;éf¶GaTitü RKan;
EtRbeKnsgÇTanehIy RBHsgÇk¾sURtmnþ 2-3 bT manbTmYycab;epþImeday
348
Baküfa BahuM ¬BahuBahug¦ eyIgehAxøI² fa bTBahuM RbiymiRtGñkGanmuxCaenAcaM bTBahuM
enH)an bTenHeBaldl;viFIedaHRsay EdlRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;ykmkeRbI man 8
sgáat; b:uEnþman 7 viFI KW RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;RTg;RbQmmuxnwgbBaðaeRcInCag
BYkeyIgeTAeTot b:uEnþRBHGgÁGacedaHRsaybBaðaTaMgenaH)anCabnþbnÞab; bBaðaFM²
EdlRBHGgÁedaHRsay)anrhUtdl;RBHbUraNacarücarwkTukCatwktag KW
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ehIyeTIbniyayKña)an .
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luHs‘URTaMehIy swmrk»kasedaHRsayCaeRkay .
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nwgTwkcitþemtþaehIy k¾eFVI[yl;citþeføImKñaeTAvijeTAmk .
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rt;edjtamBiXatRBHGgÁ viFIedaHRsayrbs;RBHGgÁ KW RTg;p©aj;GgÁúlImaleday
eRbI\T§i)adiharüKYbpSMnwgeTsnaevahar .

349
 sRmab;BYkeyIgEdlminman\T§i)adiharüdUcya:gRBHsmµasm<T§Cam©as; enAeBl
RbQmmuxnwgXatkr k¾RtUvGaRs½yb:Ulisykc,ab;mkcat;viFankarCMnYsvij .
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FmµsalaecaTRbkan;RBHGgÁ fa eFVI[nagmanépÞeBaH RsImñak;enH CabvrkBaØaRbcaMRkug
savtßI xN³EdlmnusSmnakMBugRtg;Rtab;sþab;RBHFm’ nagk¾sÞúHeRkakeLIgenAkNþal
Fmµsala niyayfa { EnRBHGgÁ ¡ RBHGgÁBUEkEteTsnaRbedAGñkdéTb:uneNaH minKit
emIlkUneyIgkñúgeBaHenHeT [eFVIy:agem:ceTA ebICitqøgTenøehIy ¡} .
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bBaða erOgxøHEdlRBHsgÇkþI mnusSv½yresolkþI ebIRtUvecaTRbkan;ehIy RtUvs¶b;es¶om
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PaKry .
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naeBlxagmux eRBaHminyUrminqab; karBitnwgR)akdeLIgminxan .
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RbEkkBaküecaTRbkan;EbbenH GñkFMRtUvecaTRbkan;GMBIGMeBIBukrlYy k¾Bi)ak
RbEkkEdr RtUvenAes¶om b:uEnþes¶omenATIenH minEmnes¶omcuHj:meT b:uEnþes¶om
mktaMgCMhr tameKalBuT§saRsþ eRbIBakü fa miins‘U es¶omsin b:uEnþmineKceT .
minsU‘ enATIenH sMedAyk minecaTRbkan;KñaeTAvijeTAmk .
mineKc KW kuMcuHcaj; nig kuMTTYlyk .
b:uEnþ[eFVIGMeBIl¥tamtYnaTIeTACaerOy² rebobvin½ymanb:unµan naMykmkeRbI[
Gs; kargaryWtyUrxøH k¾suxcitþEdr ebIeFVIdUecñH minyUrk¾QñH)an .

350
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k¾eRbIbBaØaedaHRsaysßankarN_cMeBaHmux ral;BaküeBcn_rbs;RBHGgÁEdleRbIeTA
CaBaküBit RbkbedayesckþIBit PaBRtwmRtUv nig ehtupl .
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eTAbRgabstVmanBwsxøaMg nig CamicäaTidæi KW esþcnaK eQµaH nenÞabnnÞ RKaenH
k¾eRbI\T§i)adiharüEdr .
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micäaTidæixøaMg RKaenH RBHGgÁeRbIbBaØaedaHRsaysßankarN_mþgeTot b:uEnþCabBaØaCan;x<s;
kñúgRBHBuT§sasna eRBaHts‘UCamYynwgRBHRBhµ .
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ykeKalkarN_tamRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;rbs;eyIg b:uEnþCabzm [eyIgEqkemIlsIl
rbs;xøÜnÉg ehIyEklm¥sIl nig \riyabTrbs;eyIg[l¥sin enAeBlsIl nig
kiriyaRbRBwtþl¥ehIy GVIdéTk¾nwgl¥tammkEdr ebIsIlminTan;l¥eT GVI² k¾minl¥Edr} .
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F¶n;F¶ry:agNa sUm[Gt;Fµt;edaHRsayeTA BIeRBaHy:agNak¾eday bBaðaEdleyIg
RbQmmuxenH Kg;nwg minXVagecjBIplkmµEdlekItecjBIeyIgRbmaTb¤eFVIxusqÁgkñúg
GtItkaleT sUm[Kitfa kan;EtCYbggwtb:unNa CasBaØabgðajfa CitPøWehIyhñwgÉg
ebIkalNarYjra sUm[nwkrlwkdl;RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;CakmøaMgcitþ rYcehIyeyIg
nwgmankmøaMgcitþs‘URTaMnwgbBaða manstisµartI nig bBaØaedaHRsaybBaða)anRtUvcMcMNuc
ehIyTIbMput éf¶NamYyeyIgmuxCanwgrYcputcakvi)akkmµEdlCab;tamRbhareyIgya:g
BitR)akd sUmCakmøaMgcitþdl;RbiymiRtGñkTaMgGs; ¡

351
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 PaK 7 BuT§sasnikEdlBitR)akd

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eRcIn dl;fñak;eFVIdMeNIreTA sagRBHBuT§rUbRbeKndl;vtþnanaTUTaMgRbeTs
BIeRBaHBYkKat;RCabc,as; dl;GanisgSeRcIny:agénkarsagRBHBuT§rUb
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CItarbs;xøÜnÉgsagRBHBuT§rUbRbcaMxøÜn CaehtubNþal[CIdUnCItarbs;
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353
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ksagRBHBuT§rUb edaysarBYkKat;rlwknwkdl;RBHmhakruNaFiKuNrbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§
Cam©as;CakmøaMg .
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sm<úT§Cam©as;edIm,ICYyeRsacRsg;stVelak[rYcputcakTukç CaerOgEdlekIteLIgeday
Bi)akNas; eyIgehAGs;elakTaMgenHfa {RBHeBaFiRBHeBaFistV} .
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kiels)anseRmcsmdUcbMNg CaerOgEdlekIteLIg)anedaykRmNas; ehtudUecñH
)anCamanTaMgRBHeBaFistVeCaKC½y nig braC½y .
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CIvit ksagGMeBIl¥rhUtdl;)anCYbnwgRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;EdlRtas;dwg)anmunCaGñk
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dac;xat TaMgGacRtas;dwgCaRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;edayxøÜnÉg)aneday eCaKC½y .
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manbec©ks½BÞ ehAfa {niniyteBaFistV} sMedAdl; buKÁlEdleTogEtnwg)anRtas;dwg
CaRBHBuT§Cam©as;minxan .
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eTot y:agehacNas; 4 segçyü nig Esnmhakb, CakMLúgeBlEdlRtUvGenÞal
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EkvEPñkEdlRBHGgÁlHbg;CaTanedIm,IrukrkpøÚvRtas;dwgenaH eRcInGm,ayCagpáay
elIemXeTAeTot .
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yUrlg; y:agenHÉg yUr² eTIbmanRBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as;]b,tþieLIgkñúgelakenHmYy
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354
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RBHsmµasm<úT§Cam©as; eQµaHfa mansMNagl¥Nas; as; .
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BIrUbRsémkñúgcitþ eTIbRss;eqIteqamelamBN’Nas; edIm,ITuk[GnuCnCMnan;eRkay
dUcCaBYkeyIgenHRkabsMBHbUCa .
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sagRBHBuT§rUbenH manCaTUeTAkñúgBiPBelak .
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eRBaHehtuenaH GñNak¾edaykuMfaeLIy)anlWBaküeRbonRbedA RKan;EteXIjRBHBuT§rUb
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PieyüaPaBeLIg .
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k¾)aneQµaHfa )anelIkkRmitcitþrbs;RbCaCn b¤ stVelak[x<s;eLIg [putBIkiels
tNða [manKMnitéqñRbDit manKMnitl¥ EdlnwgeFVIelakenH[suxdumrmnaterogeTA .
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enH eFVI[

355
 1>xøÜnGñksagRBHBuT§rUbmancitþx<s;eLIgtaMgBICatienHCaedImeTA KW manbMNg
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hucpl[teTAeTot fa nwgCaTIeKarBekatERkgRKb;TIkEnøg mincMeBaHEtmnusSelak
EdleKarBekatERkgb:uneNaHeT sUm,IEteTvtak¾eKarBEdr .
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drabNaenAmanGñkmkRkabfVaybgÁMRBHBuT§rUbEdleK)ansagTukenaH drabenaH buNü
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PBPUmiEdleKeTAcab;kMeNItCaerogrhUt .
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elIk temáIgBImnusSnigeTvtaehIy ebIcitþrbs;GñkenaHsÞúHeTAKitGaRkk; niyayGaRkk;
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eTaHbICaRBHBuT§sasnaceRmInrugerOgenATINak¾eday GñkenaHk¾eTAcab;kMeNIt enATI
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 enHRKan;EtCaGanisgSedaysegçbxøI dkRsg;mkcMeBaHcMNucsMxan;² EdlmnusS
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ehIy muxCanwgyl;c,as;fa manGanisgSCaeRcIneTot ehtudUecñH erOgEdlksag
RBHBuT§rUbenH CIdUnCItaeyIgminsuxcitþxkbuNüenHeT edaysarEt)anbuNüeRcInCa
GenkhñwgÉg .
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357