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Service Characteristics of Hospitality and Tourism Marketing
Service Characteristics of Hospitality and Tourism Marketing
Chapter Objectives
Describe a service culture Identify four service characteristics that affect the marketing of a hospitality or travel product Explain marketing strategies that are useful in the hospitality and travel industries
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Key Concepts
Service Culture Intangibility Inseparability Variability Perishability Internal marketing Interactive marketing Managing differentiation Managing service quality Tangibilizing the service product Trade dress Physical evidence Point of encounter Managing perceived risk Managing capacity and demand Managing consistency
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Cant be seen, tasted, felt, heard, or smelled before purchase. Cant be separated from service providers. Quality depends on who provides them and when, where and how. Cant be stored for later sale or use.
Intangibility
Services can not be seen, tasted, felt, heard, or smelled. Tangible evidences reduce uncertainty High risk associated with services. Lack of tangibility after the experience Companies should create memorable guest experiences Tangibles provide signals as to the quality of the intangible service. Exterior and Interior design Uniforms of employees
Someone who purchase a service may go away empty-handed, but do not go away empty-headed - Robert Lewis
Hybrid: Tangible equal part goods with goods and service some services Computer Meal at & Warranty Restaurant
Hair Styling
Legal Advice
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Inseparability
Customer-contact employees are part of the product Other customers become part of service The employee becomes part of service The customer and the employee interact with the service delivery system. Customers and employees must understand the service delivery system. Select, hire and train customers. Select and train contact employees Empower employees
Variability
Services are highly variable Services are produced and consumed simultaneously. Service consistency depends on the service providers skill. Fluctuating demand makes it difficult to deliver consistent quality. Lack of consistency a major source of customer disappointment. Guest expectations are different. Train contact and non-contact employee
Perishability
Lack of ability to inventory Lack of ability to inventory services can not be stored
Capacity and demand must be successfully managed If services are to maximize revenue, they must manage capacity and demand. Change customer use pattern (Hourly, daily, seasonally) Cross-train employees Involve customer in the service delivery system
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Internal Marketing
Internal Marketing:
The task of training and motivating employees to provide good customer service. * Customer contact employees * Supportive employees Employees are a critical part of the product and marketing mix There is a need for internal and as well as external marketing.
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Interactive Marketing
Interactive Marketing: Perceived service quality depends heavily on the quality of the buyer-seller interaction during the service encounter. Service quality depends on both the service deliverer and the quality of the delivery The customer judges service quality not just on technical quality (the quality of the food) but also its functional quality (the service provided in the restaurant).
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Next Chapter
The Role of Marketing in Strategic Planning
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