High Frequencies and Microwaves

Rosana Ruiz Fernndez

Laboratory #2 Measurement of the Standing Wave Ratio

Description: In this lab we learnt two different methods to measure the standing wave ratio and we used them both when possible. We can observe the measurement scheme in the following figure: a) First we terminated the waveguide with a short-circuit to get the value of g

We searched for two maximum in order to calibrate the maximum value of V, so then we can work below 2mV, which is the range where the measurement sensor has a reliable response U m=U inside2 . After that we searched for two minimum in order to get g. We got g = 4.8cm. b) Then, we terminated the waveguide with an impedance transformer (6) and a matched impedance (7).

We varied the values of the impedance transformer by turning it tuning screw and found the value of d, when possible for the different number of screw turns.

Measurement

h [mm] (Length of the screw inside the guide) 0 mm 0.7 mm 1.4 mm 2.1 mm 2.8 mm 3.5 mm 4.2 mm 4.9 mm 5.6 mm

Vmax [mV]

Vmin [mV]

d [mm]

V max V min

= 1+

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

8.2 mV 8.1 mV 8.5 mV 10.6 mV 12 mV 14 mV 17 mV 20 mV 22.5 mV

6.9 mV 6.7 mV 6.2 mV 4 mV 3.5 mV 2 mV 1.5 mV 0.45 mV 0.21 mV

The condition to use this method is not accomplished 1.2 cm 1.4 cm 1.9 cm 1.4 cm 0.2 cm 0.1 cm

1.09 1.09 1.17 1.62 1.85 2.65 3.36 6.67 10.35

1 d sin 2 ( ) g

---1.73 1.6 1.45 1.6 7.72 15.3

The graphic representation of the obtained values can be observed at the following picture:

Questions: 1. Depends SWR on the power level of the signal provided by the generator? No, it depends exclusively on the relation between Zc and ZL. In other words, it depends on the line termination. 2. Proof the relation P r 1 2 =( ) P i +1 P=

U2 2Zc U Pio2Z c = Pio = io = U do Pdo2Z c Pdo 1+ = 1 Pio Pio (1 )=1+ Pdio Pdo

1=(1+ )

Pio Pio 1 Pio 1 2 = =( ) Pdo Pdo +1 Pdo +1