ADH and RAAS System

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Role of ADH Hormone (Vasopressin)

If thesalinityoverthe range ofnormaland lesswaterin thebody,the bloodosmoticpressurewill increase, osmoreceptorsin thehypothalamusandpituitary glandwillbestimulatedmore activelystimulatedto secreteantidiuretichormoneADHistoincrease thepermeability of therenaltubulesto water, adrenalgland(hormonealdosterone)willnotbe stimulated,then morewateris absorbedandlesssodiumionsandcalciumionsto be reabsorbedinto thebody, bloodosmoticpressurewill drop, this processwill be repeatedso that theosmoticpressureof bloodinthenormal

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The Role of RAAS System

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Mechanism of RAAS system

Mechanism of RAAS system can be started cause of 3 processed :

Decrease in blood volume causes a decrease in blood pressure in the glomerulus Juxtaglomerular cell stimulation by the sympathetic nervous decrease in osmotic concentration of tubular fluid in the macula densa. 7/5/12 (decreased levels of sodium)

Process can stimulate cells in the kidney jukstaglomerular to release the enzyme renin, Renin then it will circulate throughout the body which will then meet with the angiotensinogen produced in the liver to release the enzyme angiotensin I. Angiotensin I into angiotensin II will 7/5/12 change after Angiotensin Converting

Angiotensin II will lead to several effects, namely :

increased arterial pressure reduce the excretion of salt and extra water to increase the volume of cells stimulates the secretion of aldosterone in the adrenal gland which in turn increases salt and water reabsorption by the renal 7/5/12 tubules

Excretion on animal
Excretion tool Animal Picture Malpighian tubules (uric acid) Insecta

Flame cell

Flat worm

Annelida and moluska Metanefridium

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Excretion tool

animal

Picture

Gills

Marine fishes

Gills

Fresh water fishes

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Excretion tool

Animal

Picture

Amphibian and mammals

Kidney

Reptiles and birds

Kidney

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Mechanism of forming urine

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Filtration Reabsorption Augmentation

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