Professional Documents
Culture Documents
At&C Losses - R.V. Shahi
At&C Losses - R.V. Shahi
CONTENTS
Anomalies in T&D Loss Computation Concept of AT&C Losses Pre-requisites for obtaining baseline AT&C losses Methodology for establishing AT&C Losses for Project Area Sample Calculation for Baseline AT&C Losses
In Indian Power Sector, T&D Losses, as computed in the past, over several decades, never represented the true picture
The
Method
&
Procedures
enable
manipulations
in
computations. The functionaries (Officers & Staff) could present a good picture to reflect their efficiency, while the ground reality could be different.
Contd...
3
In absence of feeder metering separating Agriculture & Domestic Consumption, substantial portion of T&D loss, including theft of electricity, gets attributed to agricultural consumption.
Also, T&D loss was being computed taking into account electricity bills issued to consumers as accrued income & not
on actual collection.
Contd...
Just by overbilling, one could show a much lower than actual loss. Therefore, T&D loss figures did not capture the major
gap between the Billing and the Collection, apart from large
amount of theft.
To get over this problem, concept of Aggregate Technical & Commercial (AT&C) loss was introduced.
5
by Consumers
Overloading of existing lines and substation equipments Absence of upgradation of old lines and equipments Low HT: LT ratio
Contd...
Contd...
billing solution
o Premises found locked
Contd...
Meter tampering
o
o o o
Bypassing of meters
Usage of magnets to slow down the meters Tampering of PT circuits CT/PT ratios (in case of HT meters)
Contd...
direct hooking
o Sometimes even drawing an underground cable
Contd...
10
billed by it.
Absence of Energy Accounting & Auditing In case of unavailability of arrear figures, the collection
Area
On incoming lines of 33/11 kV sub-stations located within
project area.
On 33 kV, 11 kV feeders emanating from sub-station
located outside project area but supplying power to HT/LT consumers located within project area.
Contd...
12
of
Project
area
electrical
network
Import/export meters at the boundary of those lines
that are feeding outside as well as inside project area so that import and export of energy can be measured for project area. These lines may emanate from the sub-stations located within or outside project area.
Import/export
meters
on
the
dedicated
feeder
emanating from sub-stations located within project area but feeding outside project area.
Import/export
meters
on
33/11
kV
sub-stations
13
LILO/tie lines.
Contd...
Area
For HT (11kV) feeders, providing power to mixed category
of consumers including agricultural (rural), commercial, domestic etc., within project area, utilities may segregate these feeders through installation of separate HT feeder
Contd...
14
sale data can be extracted for 11 kV feeder or for distribution centers (DCs) as whole.
Utilities
Contd...
established (SERC)
by for
respective
state of
regulatory unmetered
commission consumption.
assessment
within 6 months.
Contd...
17
19
THANK YOU
20