Chapter 1 PREAMBLE 1 . 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n A sensor network is a computer network Composed of a large number of sensor n o d e s . T h e s e n s o r n o d e s a r e d e n s e l y d e p l o y e d i n s i d e t h e phenomenon, they deployr a n d o m a n d h a v e c o o p e r a t i v e c a p a b i l i t i e s .

U s u a l l y t h e s e d e v i c e s a r e s m a l l a n d inexpensive, so that they can be produced and deployed in large numbers, and so their resources in terms of energy, memory, computational speed and bandwidth are severelyconstrained.Sensor network is an emerging field in distributed networks and there are manychallenges in sensor network, which includes Restricted Resources, Routing, Security,Scalability, and Uncertainty etcRouting is the most essential one among these. This project deals with Location-based routing protocol. 1 . 2 S c o p e o f t h e p r o j e c t How to guarantee delivery of packets is considered an important issue for thel o c a l i z e d r o u t i n g a l g o r i t h m s . T h e w e l l - k n o w n g r e e d y f o r w a r d i n g ( G F ) a l g o r i t h m i s considered a superior scheme with its low routing overheads. However, the void problem(unreachability), which makes the GF technique unable to find its next closer hop to thedestination. The void problem can only be either 1) partially alleviated or 2) resolved withconsiderable routing overheads and significant converging time.O u r w o r k d e a l s w i t h a v o i d i n g v o i d - p r o b l e m ( u n r e a c h a b i l i t y ) b y u s i n g G A R protocol in wireless sensor network. The proposed RUT (Rolling-ball UDG BoundaryTraversal) scheme is employed to completely guarantee the deliver y of packets fromsource to destination node under UDG network. 1.3Objective of the project 1. Identified the problem in the GF protocol 2. Implement GAR protocol Dept. Of CNE, BITM, BellaryPage No.1