GSSP Table - All Periods Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the International Commission of Stratigraphy

Stage

Age (Ma) Latitude, CGTS GSSP Location Longitude 2008

Boundary Level

Correlation Events

Status

Reference

Phanerozoic Eon Cenozoic Era Quaternary System Holocene Series NorthGRIP ice 0.011784 core, central Greenland 1492.45m depth in Borehole NGRIP2 Climatic -- End of the Younger Dryas cold spell, which is reflected in a shift in deuterium excess values Episodes 31/2, 2008; J. Quaternary Sci., Vol. 24 pp. 3-17, 2009

Holocene Stage

75.1000N 42.3200W

Ratified 2008

Pleistocene Series Climatic -- Base of the Eemian interglacial stage (= base of marine Accepted isotope stage 5e) by ICS in 63.5 m below before final glacial 2008, on surface episode of hold by Pleistocene. Base IUGS of Tyrrhrenian regional stage of Mediterranean Magnetic -Brunhes-Matuyama Anticipated magnetic reversal 2010 (base of Chron 1n) base of the marine claystone overlying the Magnetic -- ~15 kyr sapropelic 39.0385N after end of Olduvai marker Bed 'e' 17.1348E (C2n) normal (Mediterranean polarity chron Precession Related Sapropel, MPRS 176)

Tarantian Stage

0.126

AmsterdamTerminal borehole, Netherlands

52.3792N 4.9144E

Episodes 31/2, 2008

Ionian Stage

0.781

Candidate sections in Italy (Montalbano Jorica or Valle di Manche) and Japan (Chiba)

Calabrian Stage

1.806

Vrica, Italy

Ratified 1985

Episodes 8/2, p. 116 - 120, 1985

Gelasian Stage

2.588

Monte San Nicola, Sicily, Italy

Magnetic -Definition Matuyama/Gauss as base of base of marly boundary Quaternary 37.1469N layer overlying (C2r/C2An) is 1m Episodes 21/2, p. and 14.2035E sapropel below GSSP. GSSP 82-87, 1998 Pleistocene MPRS 250 level is within ratified Marine Isotope 2009 Stage 103. Neogene System Pliocene Series Magnetic -base of the Gauss/Gilbert beige marl bed (C2An/C2Ar) 37.2889N of small-scale magnetic reversal is 13.4933E carbonate recorded cycle 77 immediately above (MPRS 347) the GSSP base of the Trubi Formation which Magnetic -- base of the Thvera magnetic event (C3n.4n) is only 96

Piacenzian Stage

3.6

Punta Piccola, Sicily, Italy

Ratified 1997

Episodes 21/2, p. 88-93, 1998

Zanclean

5.332

Eraclea Minoa,

37.3917N

Ratified

Episodes 23/3, p.