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Distillation Column Piping
Distillation Column Piping
Distillation Column Piping
PREPARED BY AMEYA P. KASTURE Piping Stress Group Mott MacDonald Consultants India Ltd, Andheri - (W)
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LET US DISCUSS .
Distillation Process Significance. Distillation Column Means To :1) Process Department 2) Mechanical Department 3) Piping Department Types Of Distillation Columns 1) Absorption & Stripping 2) Fractionation Distillation Column Piping Study.
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DISTILLATION
The Distillation is a Process of seperation of constituents of a Liquid Mixture & separate Recovery of Vapour Residue. Various Kinds of devices Called Plates or Trays are used to bring the two phases in intimate contact. The trays are stacked one above other & enclosed in a Cylindrical Shell To Form An Equipment what we call as Distillation
Column
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Feed is a Material which is to be separated into fractions. It is Introduced at One or more Points Along the Column Shell Due to Difference on the Gravity between Liquid Phase & Vapor Phases, the Liquid Runs Down the column Cascading From tray to Tray while the vapour goes up the Column, Contacting the Liquid at each tray.
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Many operations in Petrochemical Plants require the Absorption of component of gas streams into lean oils or Solvent. The resultant rich oil is then stripped or Denuded of the Absorbed Materials. The Greatest use of this operation utilizes Hydro carbon materials but the Principles are applicable to other systems provided adequate equilibrium data is available.
DISTILLATION COLUMN PIPING & STRESS ANALYSIS
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Crude oil is a typical feed for such a Fractionation column & from it, the column can form simultaneously several distillates such as Wax distillate, Gas oil, Heating Naphta, oil, Naphta, & Fuel gas.
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The feed is heated in the furnace before it enters the Column . As the feed enters in the Column, quantities of vapour are given off by flashing due to release of of pressure of the feed. As the vapour rise up the column, they come in intimate contact with down flowing Liquid.
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During this contact, some of the higher componets of the vapour are condensed & some of the higher componets of the down flowing liquids are vaporised. vaporised. This process is termed as REFLUXING
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The reboiler can be thought of as a pot sitting on Heating surface of a Stove top In order to create & sustain two phases Needed for the separation, Heat exchanger must be regulated to the Column.
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REBOILER The Reboiler is a large heat transfer unit that is Generally located outside of the column shell of the distillation column.
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1)
Column internals are based on the internal details i.e. Plate Type. In Plate type the lighter hydrocarbons vapourise & flow up through the holes in the tray type making the Packed Column.
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A TYPICAL CROSS SECTTION OF A PIPE RACK RUNNING THROUGH THE TOWER OF A REFINARY PLANT
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A TYPICAL PLAN OF EQUIPMENTS LOCATED IN THE REFINARY TYPE OF PLANTS HIGHLIGHTING MAINTENANCE ACCESS
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All the available information/ data from equipment specification & P&I D will be written on the elevation view of the column
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STEP IX TO
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PICTURES
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PICTURES
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PICTURES
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CONCLUSION.
Distillation Column is very important from Refinery point of view. It helps to distillate the Petroleum Products from Crude oil. Thank You .
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