UGALE, Mark Anthony B.

BSN III-E4 SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS -an autoimmune systemic disease that can affect ANY body system. -a rare disease (1 in every 1000 persons) -10 times more frequently in women than in men -may be insidious or acute PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ETIOLOGY and Risk Factor: Female Gender Genetic factors Hormonal factors Environmental factors(e.g. sunlight,thermal burns) Certain medications (e.g. hydralazine(apresoline),procainemide(Pronestyl),isoniazid,chloropromazine,) and some antiseizure medications Disturbed immune regulation Abnormal suppressor T-cell function Immune complex deposition Tissue damage Inflammation Stimulates additional antibodies Exaggerated production of autoantibodies CLINICAL MANIFESTATION musculoskeletal: is affected joint swelling, tenderness, and pain on movement Skin manifestations :( subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus) annular polycyclic lesions and discoid fever

.erythematosus, papules,scaling,chronic,rash,scarring and pigmentation,butterfly rash Cardiac manifestation: pericarditis is the most common, women at risk for early atherosclerosis Central nervous system involvent is widespread sublte changes in behavioral patterns or cognitive ability Diagnosis: Generally, Complete history, physical examination(skin inspected to check for rashes,also cutaneous erythematous plaques,hyperpigmentation,) and blood tests. Auscultation for pericardial friction rub Neurologic assessment: patient is asked about any behavioral changes, also asked about neurosis, psychosis, depression, seizures, chorea or other CNS manifestations. (cant be confirmed by one test only) Blood testing(anemia), thrombocytopenia,leukocytosis, or leucopenia and positive ANAs Medical management: Treatment of acute and chronic disease. Promoting rest and comfort Monitoring meaningful clinical changes Pharmacologic therapy: Corticosteroids Antimalarial medication NSAIDS Nursing Management: Since there is: fatigue,impaired skin integrity, disturbed body image, and knowledge deficit.