Mechanical Engineering - 22.

403 ME Lab II

ME 22.403 Mechanical Lab II

Single Plane Balancing Notes

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 1

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Why and How Do Structures Vibrate?

Motor or disk unbalance can cause unwanted vibrations or worse

INPUT TIME FORCE

OUTPUT TIME RESPONSE

f(t) FFT

y(t) IFT

INPUT SPECTRUM

FREQUENCY RESPONSE FUNCTION

OUTPUT SPECTRUM

f(j )

h(j )
Single Plane Balance 091401 - 2

y(j )
Copyright 2001

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Rotating Unbalance Problems

Any initial unbalance in a rotating system can have devastating effects as the system is started up, slowed down or run at or near the critical frequency. Operating anywhere near structural resonances can result in very large dynamic loads which are orders of magnitude greater than the normal static loads. Therefore, extreme care is exercised in balancing high speed structural systems to avoid any potential problems. This laboratory will delve into balancing requirements.

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 3

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Bently Nevada Rotorkit

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 4

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Related Instrumentation & Signal Conditioning

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 5

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Eddy Current Probe

An eddy-current probe measures the distance between a sensor head and an electrically conducting surface. The sensor is based on eddy currents that are induced at the conducting surface as magnetic flux lines from the sensor intersect with the conducting material; the eddy currents are sensed with an impedance (inductance) bridge. The sensitivity of the sensor is dependent on the target material and illustrates higher sensitivity for nonmagnetic materials. For magnetic materials, a thin film of aluminum, for instance, can be bonded to the structure surface.

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 6

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Eddy Current Probe

An eddy-current probe uses a proximitor and power supply/signal conditioning unit. The output voltage is proportional to displacement and has high sensitivity with very linear characteristics.

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 7

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Eddy Current Probe - Keyphasor & Displacement

The keyphasor is a once per rev indicator measured by an eddycurrent probe and shaft displacement can be measured also

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 8

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Eddy Current Probe Measurements

Using both the keyphasor and displacement, the largest and smallest displacement motion of the shaft can be determined relative to the keyphasor as some angular relation

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 9

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Eddy Current Probe Measurements

Using two probes in the x and y directions, a relationship can be plotted with x/y superimposed or plotted verse each other

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 10

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Critical Speed Determination

The shaft critical speed is determined using a simply supported beam with a lumped weight formulation and is

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 11

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 12

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 13

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 14

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 15

Copyright 2001

Mechanical Engineering - 22.403 ME Lab II

Dr. Peter Avitabile

University of Massachusetts Lowell

Single Plane Balance 091401 - 16

Copyright 2001