FINAL EXAMINATION

ANSWER SCHEME
AUGUST 2010

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COURSE TITLE : INTRODUCTION TO LINEAR ALGEBRA

COURSE CODE : PMB3014

DATE/DAY : 05 DECEMBER 2010 / SUNDAY

TIME/DURATION : 09:00 AM 12:00 PM / 3 HOURS

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NOTE: STUDENTS ARE NOT ALLOWED TO GET THIS MARKING SCHEME.


Prepared by: Verified by:


____________________________________

_____________________________________


__________________________________

_____________________________________
Course Leader Name : Ahmad Zawawi bin
Abdullah
Head of Department
Date: 20/09/2010 Date:


Approved by:


____________________________________

_____________________________________
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Putri Zabariah Megat A. Rahman
Deputy Dean (Research & Academic Affairs)
Faculty of Education and Social Sciences
Date:



Template (A) Rev.1: March 2008


Introduction to Linear Algebra (PMB3014) CONFIDENTIAL
August 2010 Final Examination Answer Scheme


2
SECTION A (60 Marks)

There are FOUR (4) questions in this section. Answer ALL questions in this section.

1. Below is a linear equation system:

2x + 4y + 6z = -12
2x 3y - 4z = 15
3x + 4y + 5z = -8

(a) Simplify the system by elementary row operation.

Operation




2 x + 4 y + 6 z = -12

R1

2 x + -3 y + -4 z = 15

R2

3 x + 4 y + 5 z = -8

R3

R1 - R2 0 x + 7 y + 10 z = -27 R4
R2 x 3 6 x + -9 y + 12 z = 45 R5
R3 x 2 6 x + 8 y + 10 z = -16 R6
R6 - R5 0 x + 17 y + 22 z = -61 R7
R4 x 17

119 y + 170 z = -459 R8
R7 x 7

119 y + 154 z = -427 R9
R8 - R9

0 y + 16 z = -32


z = -2

(b) Use back substitution approach to solve the value x, y and z.




(c) Identify and explain the solution of the above linear equation system whether is
consistent or inconsistent system.

Since there is a solution to the system, the above linear equation system is consistent.
(15 marks)




2. If
2 1 2
3 4 5
A
(
=
(

,
3 1
2 3
4 5
B
(
(
=
(
(

,
2 1
3 4
D
(
=
(

,
2 3 4
1 2 3
4 1 0
E
(
(
=
(
(

,
1 2
0 4
3 5
F
(
(
=
(
(


If possible, compute the following:
7 y + 10 z = -27
7 y + -20 = -27
7 y = -7
y = -1
2 x + 4 y + 6 z = -12
2 x + -4 + -12 = -12
2 x = 4
x = 2
y = -1
z = -2
Introduction to Linear Algebra (PMB3014) CONFIDENTIAL
August 2010 Final Examination Answer Scheme


3

(a) FD 3B

(b) AB 2D

(c) F
T
B + D

(d) 2F 3(AE)

(e) BD + AE

FD

3B

8 7

9 -3

-1 10

12 16 - -6 9 = 18 7

9 23

12 15

-3 8


AB

2D


-4 -9 - -4 2 = 0
-
11

21 34

6 8

15 26


F
T


F
T
B

D

-1 0 3

9 16 + -2 1 = 7 17

2 4 5

18 35

3 4

21 39



2F - 3(AE) = Impossible

-2 4



0 8



6 10


BD + AE = Impossible











(15 marks)

3. Let A =
1 2 3
4 2 2
5 3 1
(
(
(
(

then

(a) Find adj A (adjoint of A).
(b) Compute det (A).
(c) Find the inverse matrix of A.
Calculate the cofactors:

Introduction to Linear Algebra (PMB3014) CONFIDENTIAL
August 2010 Final Examination Answer Scheme


4

4 6 2
11 16 7
10 14 6
(
(

(
(



adj A =
4 11 10
6 16 14
2 7 6
(
(

(
(





(d) Compute det (A).


det (A) = 2

(e) Find the inverse matrix of A.

A
-1
= (adj A)/(det A) =
11
2 5
2
3 8 7
7
1 2
2
(

(
(

(
(
(


(15 marks)


4. (a) Find the vector v identified with the directed line segment PQ for the points
P(2, 3, -5) and Q(1, -4, 3) in R
3
.
(b) Find the distance between u =
2
2
3
(
(
(
(

and w =
1
0
1
(
(
(
(



(c) Compute the angle between the vectors u and w.
(15 marks)
P Q v=Q-P
x 2 1 -1
y 3 -4 -7
z -5 3 8


u w u-w
-2 -1 -1 1 9 3.0
2 0 2 4
3 1 2 4
11 12 13
21 22 23
31 32 33



a a a
a a a
a a a
(
(
(
(

11 12
21 22
31 32
a a
a a
a a
+ + | |
|
+
|
|
+ +
\ .
Introduction to Linear Algebra (PMB3014) CONFIDENTIAL
August 2010 Final Examination Answer Scheme


5

u
2
w
2
dot product Cos u
u
radians
u
degrees
4 1 2 5.00 0.8575 0.5404 30.9638
4 0 0 5.83

9 1 3

17 2 5

4.1 1.4

llull = \(4+4+9) = \17 = 4.1
llwll = \(1+0+1) = \2 = 1.4

u.w = 5

cos u =
. u w
u w
=
5
0.8575
17 2
=
u = 0.5404 radians
u = 30.9638
o

(15 marks)



SECTION B (40 Marks)

There are THREE (3) questions in this section. Answer TWO (2) questions only from
this section on the answer booklet.


5. Solve the following linear system of equation by Cramers rule.

x 2y + 3z = 6
x 3y + 2z = 2
4x + 2y + z = 1
(20 marks)

Let A =
1 2 3
1 3 2
4 2 1
(
(

(
(

then

det (A) = 21




N
x
= = 21, N
y
= = 21, N
z
= = 63.



x = (-21/21) = -1
y = (21/21) = 1
z = (63/21) = 3
(20 marks)
6 2 3
2 3 2
1 2 1

1 2 6
1 3 2
4 2 1

1 6 3
1 2 2
4 1 1
Introduction to Linear Algebra (PMB3014) CONFIDENTIAL
August 2010 Final Examination Answer Scheme


6


6 (a) Find an equation of the plane H in R
3
which contains the points P = (3, 4,
1), Q = (3, 5, 3), and R = (4, 4, 2).

(b) Determine the area of the triangle with vertices L = (2, 2, 4), M = (-1, 0,
5), and N = (3, 4, 3).
(20 marks)
P Q R PQ PR PQ x PR k
x 3 3 4 0 1 1 4
y 4 5 4 1 0 2 8
z 1 3 2 2 1 -1 -2
10



L M N LM LN LM x LN Norm
x 2 -1 3 -3 1 0 0
y 2 0 4 -2 2 -2 4
z 4 5 3 1 -1 -4 16
20
20 = 4.5
A = 1/2 (4.5) = 2.24
(20 marks)


7. A factory produces two types of pills, X and Y. Two machines, A and B, are used
for the production of these two pills. For the production of X, both machines A
and B need a time of 3 minutes each. For the production of Y, machines A and B
need a time of 1 minute and 2 minutes respectively.

The total time available per week for the use of machine A is 3,000 minutes and
4,500 minutes for the use of machine B. For each of pill X and Y produced, the
factory will make a profit of RM20 and RM10 respectively.

To maximize profit, how many pills X and Y should be produced? What is the
maximum profit?
(20 marks)


RM

RM

Max 20 x + 10 y

Pills X

Y


Machine
s.t. 3 x + 1 y s 3000 mins A


3 x + 2 y s 4500 mins B


x

> 0


y > 0



3 x + 1 y s 3000

E1


3 x + 2 y s 4500

E2

E2 - E1 0 x + 1 y s 1500

E3
Form
E3

y = 1500

y = 1500
From
E1 3 x +

1500 s 3000

x = 500
1 x + 2 y + -1 z = 10
Introduction to Linear Algebra (PMB3014) CONFIDENTIAL
August 2010 Final Examination Answer Scheme


7

y = 1500
Max Profit = RM 25,000.00

(20 marks)



*** END OF QUESTION ***