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Ski Instructors Handbook

Teaching Tools & Techniques

by Andrew Lockerbie & Derek Tate

Ski Instructors Handbook

Teaching Tools & Techniques

Andrew Lockerbie Derek Tate

Parallel Dreams Publishing

 2012 by Andrew Lockerbie & Derek Tate

Layout & Design: Derek Tate Editor & proof reader: Shona Tate Additional proof reading and validation of content by Sharon Crossan, BASI, PSIA and Teacher of Physical Education. Photography: All photos are Parallel Dreams except; Page 24 photographer Hugh Monney, skier Derek Tate

No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any other means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or by any information storage or retrieval system without the express permission in writing from the authors.

Published & Distributed in the UK by: Parallel Dreams Publishing www.paralleldreams.co.uk

ISBN: 978-0-9556251-2-1

Front Cover Teacher - Shona Tate Photo by Derek Tate Grands Montets, Chamonix, France

SKI INSTRUCTORS HANDBOOK - TEACHING

PRAISE FOR THIS BOOK

Ive worked in this industry a long time and read many books and manuals. While there seems to be consistency from manual to manual, I always glean new thoughts and ideas from the subtle nuances from the authors twist. This is the case with this great text. Jeb Boyd Arc2Arc Alpine Training Centre PSIA Alpine Team Member

I love the Teaching Styles section. The skiing examples are very good and I think will be really useful. Instructors need reminders as to what each individual teaching style is all about. Sharon Crossan BASI, PSIA Teacher of Physical Education

Andrew & Derek have set out very clearly the different Teaching Styles, Learner Types and Goal Setting practices and philosophies for you, the instructor to explore and use. These are inspiring and it is a breath of fresh air to have everything together in this notebook format full of new ideas and ways of explaining and delivering your lessons. Shona Tate Director BASS Chamonix & Megeve BASI Alpine Trainer PRAISE FOR THIS BOOK

The mediocre teacher tells. The good teacher explains. The superior teacher demonstrates. The great teacher inspires.
William Arthur Ward

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SKI INSTRUCTORS HANDBOOK - TEACHING

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 5

GREEN HOW TO DELIVER A LESSON

Introductions Goal Plan Explain Demonstrate Imitate Feedback Trials Conclude

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8 10 10 14 15 15 15 17 17

BLUE DELIVERY
The Episodes Learner Phases - what to use Sticky Stories

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19 22 23

RED UNDERSTAND THE THEORY

Types of Learners Learner Phases Methods of Practice Feedback Goal Setting The 6 Ways to Influence

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29 32 34 36 41 46

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CONTENTS

CONTENTS cont.
BLACK TEACHING STYLES IN A SNOWSPORTS ENVIRONMENT
Reproduction Styles Production Styles Command Practice Reciprocal Self Check Inclusion Guided Discovery Convergent Discovery Divergent Discovery Learner-designed Individual Programme Learner-initiated Self Teaching

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49 50 51 53 55 57 60 62 65 67 70 72 73

YELLOW EXTRA STUFF

Using Video Ski Way Code Bibliography Further Help About the Authors Ski Instructors Handbook Series National Snowsport Instructor Training Organisations (English speaking) Notes

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75 78 80 82 83 85 86

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
The Ski Instructors Handbook - Teaching Tools & Techniques is designed to give you a comprehensive resource to assist with your teaching career in snowsports. Whether you work part time, seasonally or as a full time professional, this handbook has something for you. No matter which system / nation you are qualified through the contents of this book will help you with your training and exams. Just like the Ski Instructors Handbook - Technical Skills and Drills, this book is divided up into colour coded sections which increase in complexity from green through to black, with the yellow section at the end including some useful extras. The Green section goes through the basic fundamentals that all lessons should include giving a simple easy to use structure. The Blue section then looks at delivery in more detail breaking it down into a series of episodes helping you to understand what each episode should include. Specific examples are then given in the form of sticky stories that help you to remember more easily what to do. The Red section then gives more detail about some of the theory and words / concepts mentioned in the previous sections. This is then followed by a very sports specific look at the spectrum of teaching styles, helping to demystify an area that can often seem very complex. Again snowsports specific examples are included throughout. Finally the yellow section includes using video for snowsports teaching, an area that is given very little time, if any, on formal snowsports instructor training courses, and yet is something many of you are expected to be able to do well as part of your job.

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INTRODUCTION

For those of you who wish to do further study and build on the contents of this handbook then the bibliography contains a great list of texts from authors whose concepts have been referred to throughout this book. Happy reading and remember make your lessons FUN. And have fun delivering them.

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INTRODUCTION

HOW TO DELIVER A LESSON

The purpose of this first section is to help snowsports instructors, teachers and coaches to structure, plan and deliver lessons that will optimise learning. Remember Safety, Enjoyment and Learning - S E L. If your clients feel safe and are having a good time then they will learn. The following list gives you a simple structure that every lesson should follow.

Each lesson should include and follow this process; 1. Introductions 2. Goal determine what the clients want out of the lesson 3. Plan who you are going to teach what to, whereabouts, why and how? 4. Explain - clearly what you want the clients to do 5. Demonstrate how you would like the clients to perform the task 6. Imitate allow the clients to have a go at the task 7. Feedback give the clients informative, evaluative and then corrective feedback (in that order) 8. Trials then repeat 6 & 7 over and over again until success is achieved 9. Conclude the lesson

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HOW TO DELIVER A LESSON

The previous list incorporates the EDICT model: Explain the instructor explains the new task Demonstrate then he / she demonstrates it Imitate next the clients have a go at the task Correct the instructor observes and provides corrective feedback Trials the clients try again

1. Introductions
This is an opportunity to get to know the clients and gain their trust. Try to use the clients name when you are talking to them, this will help you to remember their name for the duration of the lesson and make them feel more important. As well as their names try to find out a little about them (such as likes / dislikes, job / hobbies) to see if you can use this to help the lesson flow better. If your clients like* you they will respond better to you. Being well presented and in uniform will give you authority*. When talking to small children you might kneel down so you are at their level. During this process discover the type of learner they are and how they learn. There are four learner types: Activist they will just want to get on with it give short or no explanations Pragmatist once they hear or see something that interests them all they will want to do is give it a go give short explanations and clear demonstrations

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HOW TO DELIVER A LESSON