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2012 Oct Layout For Website
2012 Oct Layout For Website
2012 Oct Layout For Website
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Printed Published and owned by M.Mohammed Akbar. Printed at Screen Offset printers,
Cochin-18. Published at Cochin-18. Editor M.Mohammed Akbar, Niche of Truth,
PB No:1981, Vyttila, Cochin-19, Tel: 0484 2301275, Fax: 0484 2301175
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2012 Htm_
{]-hm-N-I-\n--bp-sS- th-cp-I- n-Xn-sN-p--Xv- Nq-j-Wm-[n-jvTn-X-am-b- A-[o-i-Xz-hyh-n-Xn-bn-em-Wv. \m-Y-\pw- Zm-k-\pw- X-n- A-I-e-sam-p-an-s-pw- A-h-t\mSv- t\p-t\-sc- tNm-Zn-p-I-bm-Wv- A-Sn-bm-m- sN-t--sX-pw- Ckvemw ]-Tn-n--tmk-z-`m-hn-I-am-bpw- X-I-p-ho-W-Xv- ssZh-Zm-k- Z-m-f-m-cm-bn-cp-- ]p-tcm-ln-X-m-cpsS- Nq-j-W-smm-c-fm-bn-cp-p.- A-Xp-sIm-m-bn-cp-p- A--s- F-Xn-v-.-
2012 Htm_
10
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2012 Htm_
12
p--am-Wv. Cmcyw Xs enen Un-tbm F asmcp A`n-t\-{Xnbpw B-h--n-n-p-v. C-kkv Hm^v _n-em-Z F t]cn kn\n-ab
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- n Nne-Xn\v Imep-I Bdm-Wv. Fnepw cv Imep Fp-Im-en-Isftbm ]p-Imep-h
- s
- btbm {]Ir-Xn-bn-se-hn-sSbpw ImWp-n-. Fp-sIm-mWv Fp-Im-en-If-pw Bdp-Im-en-Ifpw am{Xw ImW-s-Sp-Xv? cv Imep kvss]U-dp-I-sftbm
G-gp-Im-ep-h
- s
- btbm aqv Imep-h
- s
- btbm Hpw ImWm-Xv? ]cn-Wmaknm-{]
- I
- mcw Fp-Im-en-I D-hn-m km[y-Xb
- p-- t]mse Ggp-Im-en-Ifpw apmen-Ifpw ]-Im-en-Ifpw D-hn-m\pw km[y-Xb
- p-v. Fn-pw, Fp-sIm-mWv
C-cw Imen-Is
- fmpw t^mkn-em-bn-tmepw e`y-am-Im-Xv?
cv J-fp ico-chpw Btdm Ftm Imep-Ifpw hnj-k-n-bp-ap kvss]-U-dp-I F{X Poh-Pm-Xn-I-fm-sWtm? GI-tZiw \m]-Xn-\m-bn-c-tm-fw.
F-npw Ch-bn apm-entbm k]vX-Im-entbm Bb Hscm Poh-Pm-Xn-t]m-ep-an! Fp-sImv? kvss]U-dp-Isf av Poh-Pm-Xn-If
- n\npw hn`n-a
- m-p Nne
k-hn-ti-jX
- I
- f
- mWv Imc-Ww. Ch \m]-Xn-\m-bn-ct- mfw Poh-Pm-Xn-If
- mbn th]ncn-npw htXm-Xn sshhn-[y-amPn-npw kvss]U khn-ti-j-X-I CmXm-hp-n! kuI-cymYw Htsd Poh-Pm-Xn-I-fmbn kvss]U-dp-Isf thXn-cn-np-s-nepw Ah-sbmw kvss]U-dp-IX-s. Hmtcm Poh-Pm-Xn-sbbpw CXc Po2012 Htm_
14
h-Pm-Xn-If
- n\npw thXn-cn-p Nne khn-ti-j-X-I-fpv Fv {]IrXn
\n-co-W
-
- n \npw Ffpw {Kln-m\
- m-Ipw.
Aao_ apX a\p-jyhsc D-sm-p-X
- mWv Poh-tem-Iw. kmZr-iyfpw sshPm-Xy-fpw \nd Pohtem-Iv 17 e-tmfw Poh-Pm-Xn-Ifp(Species)smWv IW-v. Xncn-dnv tcJ-s-Sp-n-b-h-bpsS F-amWn-Xv. Fm C\nbpw Is-m-hbpw hnh-cn-s
- -Sm-h
- b
- p-ambn C-Xns \men-c- n-sb-nepw Dm-Im-sa-mWv
A\p-am\w!
kml-N-cy-a-\p-k-cnv \ndw amdp
Hm-p-Isf \mw In-p--tm. HmpI-fpsS khn-tij KpW-f
- n-semv Cu
\n-dw am-am-Wv. Fm GXm\pw h-j--v apv ]pXn-sbmcp Pohn imk-v{X--cpsS {i-bns]-p. "HsUmdm-\ Hcn-tbme' Fv t]cn Hcn\w Xhf-I. Chpw \ndw amdm-\p Ignhp--s{X. ] \nd-ap Xmbv-ense
C-u Xh-f-I Hmp-I-sf-t]mse \ndwam-dn Xhnv (Brown) \ndw kzoI-cn-p-as-{X! _mtmv \mj-W kbkv
ayqkn-b
- nse Iyqtd-d
- mb tUm. X\ybpsS t\Xr-Xz-n-ep Hcp kwLw
Kth-j-I as-hn-sSbpw ImWm \ndw-am-dp Xh-f-Isf {]tXyIw ]Tn-ph-cn-Ib
- m-Wv.(1)
Ccw F{Xtbm Pohn-Isf C-\nb-pw Is-m-\n-cn-p-p. sshPm-Xy-fpw kmZr-iy-fpw \nd Poh-temI-s At\Iw kv]ojn-kp-If
- mbn Xncnn-p-v. {]Xyp]m-Z\ _-n-eqsS
k-X
- n-Iv Pw \Ip Hcp-Iqw
Po-hn-Isf Hscm kv]ojn-kmbn \nhNn-p-p. Fm Aao_ t]mse
ssew-KnI {]Xyp]m-Z\
- a
- n-m PohnI-fn Cu \nh-N\w A{]-k
- a
- m-W.v
B.-F.-F. t{iWn-bnse kmZriyw
t\m-n-bmWv Ch-bn kv]ojnkv th-Xn-cn-hv.
Ccp-]X
- n-tesd \nh-N\
-
- kv]
- ojn-kn-\p-v. Poh-tem-I-ns sshhn[yhpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw \nh-N-\-fn-sem-Xp-n F bmYmYy-amWv Ch-b{- Xbpw sXfn-bn-p-X
- v.
Ghpw sNdnb Pohn Aao-_b
- m-W.v
G-It- Im-in. kqvaZin-\n-bn-eqsS am{X-sa ImWm-\m-hq. Ghpw henb Pohn \oe-n-anw-K-e-am-Wv. \ofw 98 ASn,
`m-cw 180 sa.-S. Poh-tem-I-ns
ssh-hn[yw F{X hnkva-b-I-c-am-sW\v
a-\-n-em-Im Ch-n-S-bn hepXpw
sN-dp-Xp-ambn Fgp-]Xv e-tmfw Poh-Pm-Xn-I DmImw F IWv am{X-w aXn-bm-hpw.
`qan-bnse hnkvab
- I
- c
- a
- mb Poh-temIw F-s\-bp-mbn F At\z-jW-n\v \qm-p-I-fpsS ]g--ap-v.
Pohn-If
- psS Dhw FXv H-s hnj--b-a-. Poh, `qan, {]]w XpS-nb AkwJyw {]Xn-`m-k
- f
- psS Bcw`w
F-s\ Fv a\-n-em-m-\p {iaw
a-\p-jy-t\mfw ]g--ap--Xm-sWv Icp-Xmw. Nnm-io-e-cmb Bscbpw Atem-kc
- s
- -Sp-p {]iv\a
- m-Wn-Xv. Hcp
hy-h Fs\ Fp-sImv {]-h-n-pp Fv Is-p--Xn-t\m- {]bm-k-ap--XmWv AXv F--
{]]--n-en-S-s]-Sm ssZh-n-em-bn-cpp Umhn BZy-Im-ev hniz-kn-n-cp--Xv--Cw-ojn- CXn\v Deism Fv ]d-bpw. CX-\p-k-cnv Poh-Pm-Xn-Isf ssZhw krjvSn--X-. Ccw
hnizm-k-m-c-\mb Umhn Poh-Pm-Xn-I-fpsS D-h-n\v ImcWw {]IrXn\n[m-c-W-amsW knm--ap-m-n-bXv {]Ir-Xn-bn-en-S-s]-Sm ssZhw F Xs k]s \ymboI-cn-m-sa ap[m-c-W-tbm-sS-bm-sWv A\p-am-\n-mw.
2012 Htm_
15
Bbn-c
- W
- nn\v kvss]U Poh-Pm-Xn-If
- p-s-nepw Fmw kvss]U Xs!
2012 Htm_
16
17
D]-kw-lm-c
- n Hp-c
- n-Sv am{X-w Umhn {]tbm-Kn ]cn-Wmaw k-hk
- z-am-n-bXv {]Nm-cIam-cm-Wt- m.
C-cw hymP \nan-Xnv asmcp DZml-cWw \Imw. "Poh-Pm-Xn-I-fpsS D-hw' Fm-Wtm Umhns hn-JymX IrXn-bpsS t]cv. Poh-Pm-Xn-I-fpsS D-hw Cu IrXn-bn hni-Z-ambn N
sN-bvXn-p-mIpw Fv IrXn-bpsS io-jIw hmbn-p--h [cn-t-pw.
Fm Ccp-]Xv e-tmfw Poh-PmXn-I `qap-J-p-m-bnpw AXn Hn-s D-hs
- -p-dn-p-t]mepw N-
sN-m Hcp IrXnv "Poh-Pm-Xn-If
- psS
D-hw' F t]cv \In-sb--Xp-Xs hntcm-[m-`m-k-at? Hscm PohPm-Xn-bpsS Dhw t]mepw Nm hnt[b-am-m Hcp IrXn `qan-bnse Ccp]Xv e-n-tesd Poh-Pm-Xn-I Fs\-bp-h
- np Fv imkv{Xo-ba
- mbn hni-Zo-Ic
- n-pp Fv Icp-Xp-Xv X-s
Hm-cw A-hn-izm-ka
- t? Cu B[p-\nI A-hn-izm-k
- ns Ncn-{X-hpw
(history) Ncn{X cN-\m-im-k{v Xhpw (historiography) hni-Z-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-t
hn-jb
-
- f
- m-W.v
Poh-Pm-Xn-If
- psS Dhw {]IrXn\n-[m-cW
-
- n-eqsS hni-Zo-Ic
- n-m- w FmWv Umhn knm-n--Xv. Fm
{]-Ir-Xn-\n[m-cW
-
- neqsS Cu {]iv\w ]cnl--cn-m-\m-hn FXmWv bmYmYyw. Um-hns hyn-]c
- a
- mb
Ign-hp-tI-S CXn\v
Imc-Ww. "{]IrXn-\n-[m-cWw' F {]{Inbv AXn-\p tijn-bn-. Hcm Imdp]-tbm-Knv im-k-ap{Zw ISp Fv ]dbp-t- ]m-ep Akw_-a
- mWv {]IrXn-\n[m-cW
-
- n-eqsS PohPm-Xn-I-fpsS Dhw
hn-iZ- o-Ic
- n-m-sa hothK-X-Iq-Snb
sNm- b - I fpw
sNmb Xs.
2012 Htm_
18
-Ww.
Umhns cN-\-I hni-I-e\w
sN-p-Xv Xmew amn-sh-mw. Um-hn\v tijw ]cn-Wmaknmw F-{Xtb-m hnI-kn-p-shpw AXn-\m BNm-cys hmN-I
- am{Xw ]cn-tim-[nv hn[n I]n-p-Xv icn-b-spw
]-cn-Wm-ah
- m-Zn-I ]d-t-pw. ]cn-Wma-s-p-dnv Hcp ]co \S-n-sbv
k]n-p-I. Nmkv Umhn Cmev B ]co-s
- -p-Ib
- m-sW-n
tXmp-sapw A{X-am{Xw ]cn-Wma"imkv{Xw' hnI-kn-n-p-s-p-amWv
Um-hn `-m-cpsS hmZw. Fm
]-cn-Wmaknm-s F-s\-sb-nepw hnP-bn-n-m-\mWv Ah Kpcp-hns\ tXm]n-p-Xv F-XmWv hkvXpX. Umhn \Inb ]gb DZm-l-cW--t]mepw Cpw ASn B-h-n-p A\p-bm-bn-I Kpcp-hns\
tXm]n-m {ian-p-Xv Nncnv hI
\Ip-p-.v imkv{Xob hnai-\
-
t\cn-Sm-\m-ImsXhcp-tm ]d-bp HgnI-gn-hp-am-{X-am-Wn-X.v Fnepw Kpcp am{Xa-, `-mcpw imkv{Xob at\m-`m-hs-p-dn-p ]co-b
- n tXmpw
Fv kaYn-m Cm-e-sbpw
Um-hn\v tij-ap-mb ]cn-Wma Kthj-Ic
- p-tSbpw \nco-W
-
- IqSn ]cntim-[n-mw.
tIc-f
- nse ]cn-Wma kmln-Xy-Imc-m-cn {]ap-J-\mb s{]m^. Ippn--ha FgpXn: -""KWnXimkv{X-tbp-w ]mc-cyimkv{X-tbpw tImi-hn-m\
- t- bpw Iqp-]n-Sn-p-sIm-mWv
B[p-\nI ]cn-Wm-a-kn-mw DZn-pb-X.v Xma-kn-bmsX Poh-im-k{v X-ns av imJ-I-fn\n-p kw`m-h-\I-fpw B[p-\nI knm--n\v e`np. Cu k`-n \ BZy-ambn
]-cn-N-b-s-tS hyn-bmWv XntbmtUm-jykv sUm_vjmkvIn (1900-1975)
]cn-Wm-as
- -p-dnv B[n-Im-cn-Ia
- mbn
F-gp-Xnb BZys B[p-\nI Poh-imkv{- X-\
- m-bn-cpp Ct-lw.
1936 sImfw-_nb kh-Ie
- m-im-ebn-se sPkv {]kwK]-c-c \S-n.
hn-jbw ]cn-Wm-aa
- m-bn-cp-p. Cu {]kwK-]c
-
- c
- sb B[m-ca
- mn ASp sImw-Xs (1937) Hcp ]pkvX-I-hp-sa-gpXn. ]mc-cyimkv{Xhpw kv]ojn-kp-I-
ho-\n-b A-hn-izm-k
- n Xs
ASn-bp-d
- p-\np-tm B[p-\nI imkv{- Xob ]T-\
- aptm-p-t]m-hp-Ib
- msW hkvXpX ad-p-sh-m ]ecpw
{ian-m-dp-v. {K-Im-c Xs Hcn-Sv FgpXn: ""...Po-h-im-kv{X-nse ]pXp-]p- Ip-]n-Sp--sf Bkm-m-XvIc
- n-p-hm kwtbm-PnX knm--n\v bmsXmcp {]bm-khpw Dm-bn-n-. Hmtcm ]pXnb Ip-]n-Sp-hpw knm--ns Hcp `mK--sn- asmcp `mKv IqSp-X shfnw
ho-ip-Ib
- mWv sNbvXn-p-X
- .v A-s\,
Cu Xzkw-ln-Xbvv Hcp mkn-
kn-m--ns {]uVnbpw ]cn-th-jhp-am-Wn-tm D-Xv. knm-
- ns
Nne `mK--fn t`Z-K-Xn-I hcp-W-sav ]d-bp AXym-[p-\n-I-m
Ds-nepw AXns s]mXp-hmb km[p-Xsb imkv{X- Bcpw tNmZyw
sNp-n-s-X
- mWv hmkvXh
- w.''(11)
Dunb `mK- {in-p-I. PohPm-Xn-If
- psS D-h
- n\v ImcWw apJyambpw {]Ir- X n- \ n[m- c - W - a m- s W
B[p-\nI kwtbm-PnX knm-
- n\v
imkv{X-nS-bn s]mXp-hmb km[p-Xb
- p-s-m-Wtm {K-Im-cs hmZw. imkv{X-c
- psS Imcyw \n-s.
B-[p-\nI ]cn-Wm-a-hm-Zn-In-S-bn
t]mepw B[p-\nI kwtbm-PnX knm-n\v s]mXp-hmb km[p-X-bn-s-XmWv hkvXp-X. {K-Im-cs Xs
Cu hcn-I t\mq: ""B[p-\nI kwtjn-X knm--Zi\w Ign A[ymb-tm-Sp-IqSn Ign-p. cmw alm-bp-n\v app-Xs Bhn-jvIc
- n-s
- n-cp Bib kwln-Xb
- psS B[p-\nI
cq]-amWv hc-p-Im-m {ian-n-p--Xv.
BZyw \ncq-]n--s--Xn\v tijw Pohim-kv{X-nepw _-s av hnm\-im-JI
- f
- nepw Dm-bn-p Ip-]n-Sp- DZv{- K-Y\w sNbvXv kzw Bib-f
- p-ambn Cgp-In-tp-hm B[p\nI kwt-jnX knm--n-\v--Nn-ecp-sS `mj-bn \h-Umhn-\n-k
- n-\v- 2012 Htm_
19
I-gn-n-p-s-X
- mWv AXns G-h
- pw
h-enb ta. CXn ]mcn-n-Xn-Iw, P\n-X-Iw, Xm-{Xm-Po-h-im-kv{Xw, {`qWhn-m-\w, `qhn-m-\w, s]cp-am imkv-{Xw Fn-h-sbmw Ds-Spw. F-nep-w B[p-\nI knm-s kwi-bZr-jvSn-tbmsS hon-p hna-X
- mcpw
]cn-WmahmZn-If
- p-sS-bn-Sb
- n Cs-n-.
Ch-cn Ghpw {][m-\n-I Nne ]pcmP-p-im-k{v X-c
- m-sWv ]d-bp-tm
hn-iz-kn-m {]bmkw tXmp-p-t-m?]s, AXmWv hmkvX-hw. t^mknep-I Xcp sXfn-hp-Ifpw B[p-\nI
kn-m-hpw Xn s]mcp-a
- n-s-mWv Ch-cpsS hmZw.''(12)
Umhn-\n-kt- bpw AXns B[p\n-Ic
- q-]a
- mb kwt-jnX knm-s
- b-pw ]cn-Wma hnZ-Kv[-cmb Hcp hn`mKw
imkv{X- Xs Xn--f-bpp
FXv ]cn-WmahmZn-Ip-t]mepw hniz-kn-m-\m-Im hkvXp-X-bm-sWv
s\Sp-hon-Sp-I-bmWv s{]m^. Ippn-ha. Fm Atlw Xs asmcn-Sv Fgp-Xn-btXm, kwt-jnX knm-ns ""s]mXp-hmb km[p-Xsb imkv-{X- Bcpw tNmZyw sNp-n-''s-pw! ]cn-Wm-ah
- n-ZK
- [
v c
- mb t^mkn
imkv{X-c
- m tNmZyw sN-s-Xpw
Xnc-kI
v c
- n-s
- -X
- p-amb B[p-\nI kwt-jnX knmw ""imkv{X- Bcpw tNmZyw sNp-ns''v Xn-hn-SW
- sa-n Akm-am-\y-amb Naku`mKyw
Xs thWw! Umhn-\nv hnai-Isc
"hna-X' Fv {K-Im-c Ah-aX
- n-pp-s-nepw Ah imkv{X--cmsWv k-Xn-Xv \nhr-n-tI-Sp-sImm-Imw. GXm-bmepw Umhn-\n-p-I
- v Xs hniz-kn-m-\m-Im-h
- n[w imk-v{Xw apt-dn-sm-n-cn-pp Fnh- Ctm-sg-nepw {Kln-Xv \v!
Ch-sc-n {K-Im-c \Ip
hn-h-cWw t\mq: ""Ccpw hsmcp
kn-m-s Xn-d
- b
- p Fn\pw
In-m-hp {]kn-nbpw {]Nm-chpw Cu
A-`n-{]m-b
- v Inn-bn-p-s-n-epw
Inn-bXv?
Umhn hnai-Ic
- mb imkv{X-cpsS knm-s
- -p-dnv {K-Im-c
Ipdn-p--Xn-s\: ""1972 A-ta-cn-m-cmb cv ]pcm-Pp imkv{X-m--ss\kv Fs{UPpw o-^-
KuUpw-t- Nv ]cn-Wm-aK
- X
- n-sb-pdnv Hcp {]_w {]kn-o-I-cn-p. \s-n-m Pp--fp-sS--I--I-fp-sSb-pw Rhp-Wn-If
- p-sSbpw apw-t- ^m-kn
]T-\
- f
- n sshZ-Kv[yw t\Sn-bh
- c
- mWv
Ch. Ah-cpsS ]T\hnj-b-amb t^mkn- Pp- hf-sc-mew am-samp--an-msX XpS-cp-Xpw ]noSv s]-sv ]gb kv]ojn-kp-Iv ]Icw ]pXnb-h {]Xy-s
- -Sp-X
- p-amWv Ah Ah-cpsS A\p-`-h-n ]Xn-hmbn IXv. Cu an-ep ]cn-Wm-a-K-Xnbpw kv]o-jo-Ic
- W
- hpw B[p-\nI kwt-jnX
knmw (\-hU
- mhn-\n-kw) hn`m-h\w
sNm--Xm-sWpw Ah hni-Zo-I-cnp-hm ]pXn-sbmcp ]cn-Wma-kn-mw-Xs Bh-iy-am-sWpw Ahv
tXm-n. AX-\p-kc
- nv Fgp-Xs
- -X
- m-bncpp ta]-d {]_-w. "kv]ojnkn-s mbn-bmb `mhw nc-X-bmWv. B-cn-Ia
- mb Cu kp-e\
- m-h
- bn hncmaw hcp-p kv]ojo-Ic
- Ww
A-]qhhpw {]bm-kt- a-dn-bX
- p-amb kw`h-am-bn-cnpw' F {]kvXm-h\
- b
- n F-s{U-Pv--KuUv ]cn-I]-\-bpsS cXv\
-
- p-cpw ImWmw''(14)
Umhn-\n-k{- ]-Imcw kv]ojn-kns
mbn-bmb `mhw An-cX
- b
- m-W.v Fm- Fs{U-UvPn-tbpw KuUntbpw ho-W-n kv]ojn-kns
m-bn-bmb `mhw nc-X-bmWv (krjvS- n-ho-W {]Im-chpw kv]ojn-kns
mbn-bmb `mhw nc-Xb
- mWv! F-s{U-UvPpw Kukpw ]cn-Wm-a-hm-Zn-Ifm-bn-cns kv]ojn-kns ncX kaYn-p ]pXnb ]cn-Wm-ah
- mZw D-mn-bXv IuXp-I-I-c-am-bn-p-v. Chn-sS\npw kv]ojn-kns mbn-bmb `mhw nc-Xb
- m-sWv hon-p krjv-Sn-hm-Z-n-tev F{X-Zqcw Im-W-pw-?)
Umhn-\n-k{- ]-Imcw kv]ojo-Ic- Ww ]Xnhm--bXpw A\m-bm-k-I-c-hp-am-sW-n F--s{U-UvPv--KuUvam-cp-tS-Xv A]q--h-hp-w {]bm-kt- a-dn-bX
- p-am-Wv.
CXnt\--m Kpcp-Xc
- a
- mb A`n-{]m2012 Htm_
20
b hyXym-k- ]nm-ev Ku-k-pw- kl-im-kv{X-cpw Umhn-\n-kn--s\-Xnsc D-bn-p-I-bp-m-bn. AtX-n {K-Im-c hnh-cn-p--Xn-s\: ""]noSv h hymg-h-
- m-ev hncm-a
- m {]tXy-Inpw KuUv- A
- h
- c
- psS knmw hn]p-eo-I-cn-p. AXn
a-p-Nn-ec
- psS klm-b
- fpw Ahv e`n--p. Fkv.-Fw. men, ]n.-Pn. hneywk- Fn-h-cmWv Ch-cn {][m-\n-I. men-bpsS qe-]-cn-Wm-a-sp-dn ]p Bi-b- hncm-a-bp-amb kp-e\
- m-h
- v Dt]m_e-I--fm-bn. Ahsb KuUpw apw
]q-W-ambn ]nm-n-bn-pv. ]pXp-Xmbn D-bn-s
- hmZ-ap-J
- ]eXpw
kwt-jnX knm--n\v IS-I-hn-cpw Xs-bm-Wv. kv]ojo-Ic
- W
- w, {]IrXn-\n[m-cWw Fn-hs
- b-p-dnv ]p-Xnb Bi-b- \h-Umhn-\n-k-m-cpam-bp hntZzjw sImp-am{Xw BhnjvI-cn--s-n-p--XmtWm Fp-t]mepw kwi-bn-m hI-bp-v. H-s
sN-dnb kaq-l
- f
- n Xmc-Xt- ay\ s]s-p-m-Ip P\n-XI hnhw hgnbmWv ]pXnb kv]ojn-kp-I Dm-hpI
F--XmWv ]pXnb Ip-]n-Sp-w. GXm-v ]mw A[ym-b-n hnh-cn
Izm-w kv]ojo-I-cWw t]mse. CXpam-{X-a
- , Zqc-hmk kv]ojo-Ic
- Ww t]mep-w \h-Umhn-\n-k-n\v tbmPn-m-Xm-sWpw AXv kzoI-cn-t- Xm-Sp-IqSn
Umhn-\nkw hmkvX-h-n arXn-b-Sn-cn-p-Ib
- m-sWpw KuUv ]d-bpp-.''(15)
""Umhn-\nkw hmkvXh
-
- n arXnb-S
n-cn-p-Ib
- m-sWv'' ]cn-Wm-ah
- mZn-bmb o^ KuUpw kl-im-kv{X-cpw hmZn-p-n-St- mfw ]cn-Wma-k
- ]w {]Xn-k
- n-bn-em-sW-Yw!
asm-p-IqSn {in-p-I. imkv{X-cpsS Xs Umhn-\n-k
- n-s\-Xncmb hnai-\- kln-m km[nm-h
- n[w ]cn-Wma kmln-Xy-Im-c
- m bmYm-n-Xn-I-cmbn amdn F h-kvXp-Xbpw tah-cn-I-fn\npw a\-nem-mw. ""kv]ojo-Ic
- W
- w, {]IrXn-\n-[m-cWw Fn-hs
- b-p-dnv ]pXnb Bi-b
- \h-Umhn-\n-k
- m-cp-am-bp
hntZzjw sImp-am{Xw Bhn-jvIc
- n-s-n-p-X
- mtWm Fp-t]mepw kwi-
21
Kme--tKmkv Zzo]n-te-p
_o-Kv I bm{X-bn-emWv
Poh-Pm-Xn-I-fpsS ]cn-Wmaw
F Bibw Umhns a\n-ep-Zn-Xv F sIp-I-Y
]cn-Wm-a-hm-Zn-I {]N-cn-n-np-v. Fm bmYmYyw
XnIpw hyXy-kvX-am-Wv.
Nmkv Umhns ap-\mb Cdm-kv-akv Umhn
Fgp-Xnb (1794) cv thmfy-fp kpHm-W-anbbn
]cn-Wma Bi-b--fp-m-bncp-p. Fn-cn-s, ]cn-Wmaw
kw_--amb bmsXmcp
ap[m-c-Wbpw Umhn\v
Dm-bn-cp-n-sv Icp-XpXv Ncn-{X-]-c-amb
h--am-bn-cn-pw.
X-am-Wv. Nmkv Umhns ap--\mb Cdm-ka
-v kv Umhn Fgp-Xnb (1794)
c-v thmfy-f
- p kpHm-Wa
- nb (Zoonomia)bn ]cn-Wma Bi-b--fp-mbn-cp-p. Fn-cn-s, ]cn-Wmaw kw_-amb bmsXmcp ap[m-c-Wbpw Um-hn\v Dm-bn-cp-n-sv Icp-Xp-Xv
Nc-n{- X-]c
- a
- mb h-a
- m-bn-cn-pw. ""]cnWm-aw... ]cn-Wmaw'' Fv Dcp-hn-Sm am{Xw ioen ]cn-Wma kmln-Xy-Im-c
- mi
- mkv{X-ns kmaq-lnI imkv{Xw
A-]-sa-nepw ]Tn-p-Xv \v.
Poh-Pm-Xn-Isf krjvSn-Xv ssZh-amsW- Bi-bs ]pdw-X-m PohPm-Xn-If
- psS D-h
- n\v ImcWw {]IrXn-\n[m-cW
- a
- m-sW knm-a
- p-mp-Ib
- mWv Umhn\pw tij-ap ]cnWma hnZ-Kv[cpw sNbvX-Xv. Poh-Pm-XnI-fpsS D-h
- n\v {]IrXn\n[m-cWw
Imc-W-a F krjvSn-ho--Ws
C-m-ea
- {- Xbpw ]pn Umhn-\n-p-I-n-S-bn\n-p-Xs Ctm ]pXnsbm-cp hn`mKw ]cn-Wm-ah
- m-Zn-I Dmbn-p-Xv IuXp-II
- c
- a
- m-W.v o^ Kukn-s\-tm-ep Ch ta kqNn-n
krjvSn-hm-Zh
- o-Ww icn-sbv ncoI-cn-p-I-bm-Wn-tm! {K-Im-cs
Cu hnh-cWw t\mq: ""kv]ojo-Ic
- W
- n- {]IrXn\n[m-cW
-
- n\v bm-sXmcp ]p-an F-XmWv asmcp hn-hI-c-amb Ip-]n-Sp-w. ayqt-j-\p-I
bm-Zr-n-Ia
- mbn Dm-Ip-X
- p-t]mse kv]o-jo-kp-Ifpw bmZr-n-Ia
- m-bm-Ws{X Dm-Ip-X
- .v (hopw Uo{ho-kns {]Xn[z\n!) ayqt-j\
- p-I bmZr-n-Ia
- m-Im
Im-cWw Ah Hcp Xe-apd am-n
\S-p BI-kvanI {]{In-bI
- f
- m-bX
- psIm-m-W,v kv]ojo-Ic
- W
-
- n\v hf-scb-[nIw Xe-ap-d-Ifpw ]p-e-w-sImw-hsc Ime-b-fhpw thn-h-cp-sav
KuUv Xs k-Xn-n-p n-Xnv AsX-s\ Hcp bmZr-nI kw`-ham-Ip-sav F{X Btem-Nn-npw ]nSnIn-p-n-. At-l-samv ]d-bp-p-an-.
kv-]ojo-I-c-W-n Gs-Sp kaql-sf \n[m-cW {]{In-bb
- n\npw
tamN\w sImSp-p AmX insb tXtS Bh-iy-sam-p-an-spw ImcWw {]IrXn\n[m-cWw F
B-ibw Xs Hcp anYybpw ZphymJym-\-hp-am-sWpw men ]d-bp-pv. C{X-bp-am-bm \h-Umhn-\n-kh
- pam-bn A\p-c-RvP-\-n-\p ]gp-Xp-Isf-mw AS-p-I-gn-p-shv hncm-amv kam-[m-\n-mw.''(16)
""{]IrXn\n[m-cWw F Bibw
sUm_vjmkvInbpsS {][m-\I
- rXn
22
Wm-ah
- m-Zn-If
- mb o^ KuUpw kl-im-kv{X-cpw hmZn-pp F-Xns hnh-s
- b-mWv? ]cn-Wm-ah
- m-Zn-Ifmbn "P\nv', ]cn-Wm-ah
- m-Z
- n Kthj-Ww \S-n, ]cn-WmahmZ-im-kv{X--\mbn hf KuUn\pw av imk-v{X-pw Poh-Pm-Xn-I-fpsS Dh-n {]IrXn\n[m-c-W-n\v ]nsv {Kmly-am-sb-Yw. Poh-Pm-Xn-IfpsS Dhw hni-Zo-I-cn-m {]Ir-Xn\n-[m-cW
-
- n\v km[y-as
- krjvSnhmZ \ne-]m-Sns kqW nco-I-cW-am-Wn-Xv. am{X-a
- , Cm-ea
- {- Xbpw ]cn-Wm-ai
- mkv{Xw F {]IrXn\n[m-cW-s-p-dnv Fgp-Xs
- -s
- Xmw Xn-I Akw-_---fm-bn-cp-p-shpw
Aim-k{v Xo-ba
- m-bn-cp-p-shpw sXfn-bpp. (]-cn-Wma imkv{X kmlnXyw F t]cn Fgp-Xn-q-n-bXpw {]N-cn-n-Xp-samw shdpw shbvv!)
{]IrXn\n[m-cWw Imc-Wa
- s
- v
k-X
- n-p ]cn-Wm-ah
- m-Zn-Iv ass-nepw Imc-W
- Nqn-m-m-\ptm? Xo-bmbpw C. Poh-Pm-Xn-Ifp-sS D-h
- n\v ImcWw {]Ir-Xn-\n-[m-c-W-a-sv ]d-bp KuUv P\nX-I hn-h-amImw Imc-W-sapw A-Xns Imc-W
- ""Fs-m-am-sW-Xv
Am-Xa
- mWv'' Fpw k-Xn-p-p.
Po-h-Pm-Xn-I-fpsS D-h-n\v Imc-Ww
""AmX'' Imc-W
- f
- m-sW o-^ KuUns "imkv{Xob' ho-Wn-\npw ssZh-am-sW krjvSn-ho-W
- n-te-p Zqcw F{X-bp-sv
hmb-\
- m Xocp-am-\n-s
- .
Umhn-\n-k{- ]-Imcw {]Ir-Xn-\n[mc-Ww \S-p-Xv Hmtcm Xe-ap-d-bn-sebpw hyn-Xe
-
- n-em-Wv. Fm Ku-Un-tbpw apw ho-W-n Hcp
Po-hP
- m-Xn-bnse AwK-s
- f-b
- , Poh-PmXnsb Hm-sI-bmWv {]IrXn sXc-sSp-p-X
- .v CsX-p-dnv {K-Im-c hnh-cn-pp: ""kp-e\
- m-h \jvSs
-
kv-]ojn-kn Ipsd ]pXnb kv]ojnkp-I Dm-hp-Ibpw Ah-bn tbmKyam-bh \ne-\np-Ibpw _mn-bp-h \mam-ht- i-ja
- m-hp-Ibpw sNp-p. {]Ir-Xn\n[m-cWw \S-p-Xv kv]ojnkp-If
- psS Xe-n-emWv, hyn-If
- psS
Xe-n-e-. (C-sXmw hmb-\-mv
Fhn-sStbm tI-am-Xncn tXmp-p-s-
n B-cy--Sm-\n-, aqm-a-[ymbw
t\m-n-bm aXn. Cu \qm-ns
BZyw Uo{hokv \nt-in ]cn-Wm-akn-m-hpw hncm-ab
- p-a
- mb kp-e\m-h
bpw Xn hfsc kmay-f
- pv. kv]ojo-I-cWw Fs\ \S-psa--X
- n-s\-p-dnv am{Xsa cpw X-n hyXym-k-apq''(18)
]pXnb Poh-Pm-Xn-I Dm-Ip-Xv
Xn-Ipw B-cn-Ia
- mb P\n-XI am-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. C-s\-bp ]pXnb Poh-Pm-Xnsb {]IrXn Xnc-kI
v c
- n-p-Itbm
sXc-s-Sp-p-Itbm sNp-p. AXmbXv Poh-Pm-Xn-bpsS D-h
- n {]-IrXn-\n[m-cW
-
- n\v bmsXmcp ]pw Cs-Yw.
{K-Im-cs Cu hnh-cWw t\mq-: ""]s, asmcp hn[-n-ep \n-[m-cW
- s KuUpw menbpw hn`m-h\w sNp-p-.v kv]ojokv \n[mc-Wa
- m-Wn-Xv. A\n-ba
- n-Xa
- mbpw BIvkan-Ia
- mbpw DmIp kv]ojn-kp-If
- n
Nne-Xn\v am{X-amWv Ah-bpsS ]-cn-X-xn-Xn-bn Pohn-m th A\p-h--\- Dm-bn-cn-p-I. Cu kv-]ojo--kp-I am{Xw AXn-Po-hn-p-Ibpw
_m-n AtbmKy kv]ojo-kp-Is
- fmw
\m-am-ht- i-ja- mbnocp-Ibpw sNpw. C{]-Imcw kv]ojo-kp-I-fpsS Xe-n-emW-v, hyn-I-fpsS Xe-n-e \n[mc-Ww {]hn-p--Xv. Hcp kv]ojo-
23
[mc-Wb
- n-em-sW-n-bXv FXv {itb-am-Wv. Fp-am-{X-a-, Poh-Pm-Xn--Iv \S-p Umhn k]n-t- ]mep- ]cn-Wmaw icn-b-stm icn-sX-p-I-fpsS an{i-W-am-sWtm A
""Hcp anYy am{X-amWv'' FmWv Ku-Up-w kl-im-kv{X-cpw hy-am-pXv!
Umhn-\n-k-ns kqW Xnckv-Im-c-n-tev ]cn-Wm-a-hm-Zn-I-fnse
Hcp hn`mKw imkv{X-
- m-sc-n-bXv
Um-hn `-msc Ipd-sm-p-a Akz--cm-p--Xv. AXn-\m Ch-cpsS
A`n-{]m-b- B[n-Im-cn-I-a Fv
hcp-n-om-\p hn^-e{- i-a
- f
- mWv ]cn-Wma kmln-Xy-Im-c
- m \S-p-Xv. s{]m^. Ipp-n-ha Fgp-XnbXv t\mq: ""Cu hI Bi-b
-
- s
- m-w Imc-W-ambn hfsc Ahy--amb
Nn-e P\n-XI
- hpw {`qW-hn-Im-k]
- c
- h
- p-amb {]{In-b-I Nqn-m-Wn--s-n-ps-nepw knm-
- f
- psS bYmY {]tNm-Z\w t^mkn-ep-I am{X-am-Wv.''(22)
KuUn-s\-tm-ep-h
- t^mkn
imkv{X--cm-b-Xp-sImv t^mkn
]T-\- Umhn-\n-k-ns s]mcw Ahsc t_m[y-s-Sp-n-bXv XnI-pw kzm`m-hn-Ia
- m-Wv. ""t^mkn-ep-I
am{X-amb''XpsImv KuUns hn-a
- i-\--fpsS B[n-Im-cn-I-Xtbm {]m_eytam A]w-t]mepw Ipd-bp-n F-XmWv hkvXp-X. t^mkn imkv{Xs hnai-\
- t^mkn-ep-Is
- fb-msX P\n-XI imkv{Xs Bkv]Zn-m-IW
- s
- av {K-Im-c hmZn-ptam?
{]IrXn\n[m-cWw Poh-Pm-Xn-If
- psS D-h
- n\v Imc-Wa
- m-In-sv t^mkn
imkv{Xw am{X-a
- , P\n-XI imkv{Xhpw
hy-a
- m-p-pv (C-tX-n hni-Za
- mb
]-T\ XpSp-h-cp-p-v. ChnsS
a-smcp hiw km`n-I-ambn kqNn-np-I-bm-Wv). o^ KuUv F
t^mkn imkv{X- {]IrXn\n-[m-cW
- s D-hI
- m-cW
- s
- a \ne-bn-
Xnc-kvI-cn--t]mse temI-{]-i-kv-X
P-\n-XI imkv{X--\mb tamp-In-apdbpw Xnc-kvI-cn-n-p-v. {K-Im-cs
A-Xp-kw-_
- a
- mb ]cm-ai- t\mm-w. Atlw Ipdn-pp: ""km[m-cW-bmbn Hcp ayqt-j\
- p-m-bm A-Xns KpW-tZm-j--\p-k-cnv {]IrXn--\n[m-c-W-n AXv X-s-Sp-Itbm nco-I-cn--s-Sp-Itbm sNp-at-m. ayqnX `mhhpw ]gb `mhhpw Xn- KpW-tZm-j
- sf kw_-n hyXym--k
- s
- fm-p-an-s-ntem; {]-Ir-Xn-\n[m-cWw cn-s\bpw Hcp-t]mse A\pIq-en-pw. Atm Htc kv]ojo-kn
Htc kz`m-h
- n\v cv {]Im-c
- n-ep
e-W- Dm-bn-o-cpw. CXmWv
kv]ojo-kp-I-fn ImWp _lp-cq-]X-bpsS Imc-Ww. bmZr-n-I-ambn kw`hn-p P\n-XI hnK-Xn-aqew Hcp e-Ww nco-Ic
- n-s
- -Sp-Ibpw atXv
\mam-ht- i-ja
- m-bn-o-cp-Ibpw sNbvXpshv hcmw. C{]-Im-cw, \njv] ayqtj-\p-Ifpw XpSp-h hnK-Xn-bpw-aq-eam-Wv, {]IrXn\n[m-cWw sIm-,
_rlXv Xm-{X-I-fn hyXym-k-
hXv F knmw Inaqd aptmp-shp''(23)
Poh-Pm-Xn-I-fpsS D-h-n\v Im-cWw {]IrXn\n[m-cW
- Fv P\n-XI
im-kv{X--\mb Inaqd A`n-{]m-b-s-Xn-s\-n ""P\n-XI imkv{Xs am{Xw B[m-ca
- m-n-bmWv'' C-s\-sbmcp
hn-ai\w Dbn-bs
- Xv s{]m^. Ipp--n-ha Fgp-Xn-q-Sm-bvIb
- n! kmam\y hmb-\
- msc I_-fn-n-m asp-hgn?
]pXnb Poh-Pm-Xn-I Dcp-n-cn-Xv F-s\-sbv hni-Zo-Ic
- n-m Umhn\v km[y-am-bn-sv hy-am-bt- m.
Hc \qm-n-\n-Sb
- n GsX-nepw ]cnWma hnZ-Kv[v Amcyw km[y-amtbm? P\nXI imkv{Xhpw t^mkn
hn-m-\o-bh
- p-samw IpXn-p-Nm-
-
\-S-nb Ign Zi-I--fn Fv
24
kw-`h
- np? kqva ]cn-tim-[\
- b
- n ]pXn-b Poh-Pm-Xn-I-fpsS Dhw Cpw
hn-iZ- o-Ic
- n-s
- -n-n-sv a\-n-em-Ipw.
C-mcyw t_m[y-am-hm ]cn-Wma Pohim-kv{X-c
- n {]ap-Jc
- mb GXm\pw
t]cpsS IrXn-I t\mmw.
]cn-Wma Poh-im-k{v X-\pw KWnX-im-kv{X-Im-c-\p-amWv skKn Kmhv-dnse--vkv. Ct-l-ns ^nv-\kv em- vkv-tI]vkv B v Z Hdn-Pn Hm^v kv]o-jokv ASp Ime-n-d-nb {it-b-amb ]T-\-am-Wv.(24) CXnse apJy
hn-jbw Poh-Pm-Xn-If
- psS D-ha
- m-sWnepw efnX Pohn-I-fn\npw k-oW Pohn-If
- n Dm-bs
- X-s
- \-sbv
Atlw hni-Zo-Ic
- n-p-n-. _mIvSo-cnb t]mep GI-tImi Pohn-If
- n hyXn-bm-\--fp-m-Ip--Xn-s\--n-bmWv
{K-Im-cs At\z-j-Ww. A\p-tbmPy-am-bh AXn-Po-hn-p--Xn-s\-p-dnpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-p-p. Cm-cy-f
- n-sempw ]ccm-K-X-amb ]cn-Wma k-]--pdw Kuc-h-I-c-amb kw`m-h\-Is
- fmpw Kmhvd
- n-sevkv \Ip-n-.
sNdnb P\n-XI hyXn-bm-\- am{XamWv Ct-l-ns At\z-jW hnjbw. ]pXnb hnti-jX
- I
- Poh-Pm-Xn-I BPn-p--Xn-s\--ntbm XnIpw
hy-Xy-kX
v a
- mb Pohn-I Dcp-n-cn-bp-Xn-s\-p-dntm Atlw hni-Zo-Ic
- n-pn-. Poh-Pm-Xn-I-fpsS Dhw F
Ir-Xn-sb-gp-Xnb Umhn-s\-tmse "A\p-tbmPy `q]-cn-kc
- hpw Poh-Pm-Xn-If
- psS
D-hhpw' F iojIw {K-n\v
\-In-sb-nepw ]pXnb Poh-Pm-Xn-Ifp-m-Ip--sX--s\-sbv hni-Zo-I-cnm-sX-hn-p.
{]apJ t^mkn imkv{X-\
- mb
o^ KuUv Fssk-tm-]o-Pnb
Hm-^v Ch-eq-j\n ASp-I
- m-ev F-
25
kvX
- a
- mb asmcp Poh-Pm-Xn-bm-Ip-s
- X-s\-sbv hni-Zo-Ic
- n-m AXym-[p\n-I-\mb sabvdpw {ian-n-n! ``Inspire
of its gradulness macro evolution is characterized by numerous major inventions.''
Fv A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp Atlw Cu
h-am-
- F-s\-bmWv Pohn-If
- n
D`q-Xa
- m-Ip-s
- Xv hy-am-p-n-.
{]iv\
- sf In-sv \Sn-p-Ib
- mWv
c--s-Sm-\p Ffp--h-gn-sbv Cu
lm-hmUv imkv{X-\pw tXmn-mWpw. Poh-Pm-Xn-I-fpsS Dhw hni-ZoI-cn-pp Fv Ah-Im-i-sv P\nXI hyXn-bm-\
- am{Xw {]Xn-]m-Znv
B-h
-
- \
- b
- p-tS-Xmb h ]mc-cyw
Xp-S-n-sh BNm-cy-\mb Umhns
C-jvSZ- m-k as-mWv sNt-Xv?!
Ipdn-p-I:
1. AFP News 24 May 2007
2. Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species, 1859
3. The Origin of Species (Penguin: 1981)
P. 115
4. taIr-Xn, t]Pv 138
5. Ipp-n-ha, ]cn-Wmaw Fs\?
tIcf imkv{X kmlnXy ]cn-j
- v, Unkw_ 2009, t]Pv 17
6.The Origin of Species, P. 70
7. ]cn-Wmaw Fs\? t]Pv 13-14
8. Francis Darwin, The life of Charles
Darwin (Senate: London) 1995, P. 46
9. ]cn-Wmaw Fs\? t]Pv 75-76
10. taIr-Xn, t]Pv 76
11. taIrXn t]Pv 78
12. taIrXn t]Pv 242
13 taIrXn t]Pv 242
14. t]Pp-I 242-243
15. t]Pv 245
16. t]Pv 246
17. t]Pv 243
18. t]Pp-I 243-244
19. t]Pv 247
20. t]Pv 246
21. t]Pp-I 246-247
22. t]Pv 247
23. t]Pv 250
24. Sergey Gavrilets, Fitness Landscapes
and the Origin of Species (Princeton University Press) 2004
25. Stephen Gould, Encyclopedia of Evolution Ed. Mark Pagel (Oxford University
Press) 2002, P. E 26
26. Ernst Mayr, What Evolution Is? (Basic
Books), 2001, 318 PP
(XpScpw)
t\
Xncphm IrjvWIpnbpsS shfnsSpepI: 2
Xncphmdnkw ss{IkvXhhncpw
Cuk s]cpmhq
Xncphmdns sRnnp shfnsSpepI kvt\lkwhmZn h-Xn-s\XpSv aXXmcXay]T\n Xm]cyap temIsmSpap ae-bmfn-I XnI BImwjbnemWv. Atlns Ckvemw hnai\fpsS ssien
Adnbp Ghpw RfpsS tNmZyv Cs\bmsX Hcp adp]Sn A-tl-n\v \Im km[yamsbv Xncndnnpv. Cs\ Xncphmdnkw
Im-elcWsv Imens NhpsImbntev FdnbsSpXn hn{`mn _m[n- Nne R {]XonncpXpt]mse cwK{]thiw sNbvXnpv.
]pXnb\nbanse tbiphns\ am{Xw NsSpv aplZv \_nbpsS Pohn-Xs Ahtlfnmsav IcpXnb Xncphmdns ]napdmc\mb tPmk
tXSbn hnjbns KuchsampadnbmsX Nne A`n{]mb{]IS\
\Sn Cs\neqsS P\{i WnncnpIbmWv. Xncphmdpambn R
\-Snb NbneqsS Atlns Bib XnIpw ss{IkvXh-hn-cp--amsW-v m]nsncpp. Ckvemans\Xnsc ]S\bnphm Cdn ]pds
A-tlw Xmt]mepadnbmsX ss{IkvXhhrn \npw ]pdp t]m-bn-cnp-pshv Atln\pw t_m[ysnpv. Npcpn Rfpw Xncph-mdp-ambn \SXv ss{IkvXhCkvemw kwhmZa. adnv, {InkvXpaXhpw Xncphmdn-khpw Xnep Acspdnmbncpp.
kw`mjWnepS\ofw Xm kvt\lnp ]pXnb \nbanse tbiphn\v
H-cp t]mdt]meptamsX {in Atlw Cusbmcp ]cnKW\ A]wt]m-epw btlmhv \Inbn. btlmhsb A[manI\mbpw sIme]mXInbmbpw
2012 Htm_
26
ap-{ZIpn Xs Ghpw henb hnai\]m{Xfmb Amlphns\bpw ap-l-Zns\mfpw btlmhsb XcwXmgvn ]dbptmgpw Xm Ctmgpw {In-kv-Xp-aX-n \nesImppshmWv Xncphm IcpXnbXv. btlmhsb hnainmep-w tbiphns\ Xm ]pIgvn ]dbp Imetmfw X\nv {InkvXpaXn
AwKXzw \ne\npsamWv ]mhw Xncphm [cnncpXv. Fm, C{]Imcw
epw eKm\panm {InkvXp alXz{]Io\ Gp]mSphm ss{Ikv-Xh-k` XmdmhnsmWv teJIs ]w. kXyw CXmbncns Xncphmdpw
Rfpambn \S Nsb ss{IkvXhkaqlns\Xnscbp \oambn Nn{Xo-Icnp _lpam\y\mb tPmk tXSbn hgntb t]mIp hmth-en ss{IkvXhcpsS ta hennSpIbmsWv kvt\l]qhw HmasSps.
R \Snb NbpsS sXfnhpI \nv Hm^v {Sqn \npw e`npsan-cns CXns\mpw {ianmsX Xncphmdnsbpw IpSpw_nsbpw hmpI-sf am{Xw B{ibnv {]kvXpX kw`mjWw hymPamsWv hnizknm\pw hniz-knnm\pw IjvSsSp sshZnI\mb tPmk Hcp XmmenI ]pIad
kr-jSnphm\p hrYm ]cn{ianemWv.
asmcp aXhn`mKns] {]kn\mb Hcp t\Xmhns\pdnv bmsXmcp
sX-fnhpIfpw ssIhianmsX, Atlw Dbn Ckvemw hnai\ ]n-hen-p FXnep]cnbmbn kzw aXhnizmks Xs Xndncnpp
F- Hcp hymP teJ\sagptX bmsXmcp Bhiyhpw Rn. Xo--bmbpw N sNsSpsa Dat_m[ytmsS {]knoIcns {]kvXpX
teJ\n Xncphm ]dXmbn Rm Dcn {][m\ Imcyfmb btlmh
A-[manI\msWpw, tbiphpw btlmhbpw Hspw, Amlphpw aplZpw
sN-bvX AtX Ip btlmhbpw sNbvXnpspw, tbiphpw btlmhbpw
H-msWv hnizknm tbiphpw sImnpsv kXntnhcpsapw,
ss_-_nfn [mcmfw sshcp[yfpspw, tbiphns A[ym]\ {]Imcw
btlmhsb \ymboIcnm Ignbnspw, hnai\mI ]T\fneqsS C-kvem-ans\ hnaint]mse ss__nfns\bpw kao]nm btlmhsbbpw apIme
{]-hmNIamscbpw hnaintn hcpsapw, btlmhbpsS hmpI hna-i-\v hnt[bamsWpw Cs\ hnai\mIambn ]Tnptm Xm
]-etmgpw bpnhmZnIsmamsWpw, btlmh [manI\msWv hnizkn-phv Amlphns\bpw aplZns\bpw hnainm Ignbnspw
H-sbp Xncphmdns XncphN\ RfpsS ] kqnnpv.
tNmZyv imcocnI _elo\Xaqew Atlw RcpIbpw aqfpIbpw
sN-bvXXns\ RfpsS Xm]cy{]Imcw hfsmSnXmhmsav Bcpw {]-N-cnn-m {iantXn. hyamb aebmf `mjbn ]qWt_m[tmsS ]e-XhW Atlw BhnXmbn Cu sXfnhpI hyamppv. Cu
kw-`hs \ntj[nv asmcp A`napJw Xncphmdns\bpw IpSpw_sbpw
apn \nn AWnbnsmcpnb tPmk RfpsS ]ep sXfn-hp2012 Htm_
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28
p-w am{Xa, {InkvXym\nI Fmbn-cpp ss__nfn \nv a\-n-emt-sXpw hyamb t_m[y-aph-cm- Wv CkvemanI {]t_m[I. AXpsIm-v IpXdn HmSm {ian Xncph-mdn-s\ CStmtm hetmtm A\m-- kXnmsX hnjbntev
X-s R sImphp. b-tlm-hsb A[manI\mn ssIsbmgnv
tbiphns\ am{Xw kwcnphm\p
Xncphmdns Xocpam\w {Inkv-Xp-a-Xkv-t\lw FXnt\mfp]cn kzw
Ckvemw hnai\tfmSp Bcm-[\-bmbncpp Fv thWw IcpXm.
{XntbI ssZhns {]NmcI\v btlm-hsb XndpsImv tb-iphn-s\ kwcnm Ignbnsv R- ]TnnWambncptm? Cs\
Dd-w \Sn Xncphmdns\ Ipep-nbp-Wn \nfpsS hnizmk{]Imcw
tb-ipXsbmWv btlmh Fv Hm-a
- s-Spnbtm Fs hnizmkw AXm-sbv Atlw Ghpw IpdXv
A-v {]mhiysanepw RtfmSv ]d-npv. Fm As\ ]d-vsIm-v am{Xw csSphm Ign-bptam-?
A[manI\mb btlmhsb tbip
a-lXzoIcnXv Fn\msWpw tbiphn-s\ ]n]ph sNtXv ]nXmhm-b btlmhbpsS kn[n-bn-te-msW-pwIqSn HmanntXmsS kIehmZ-fpw s]mfn Atlw F\nv
tbip-hgn t]mbm aXnsbpw sN-sp- ew GXmsW-dn-tbs-psam-s ]dv kXyn\v t\sc Iv
CdpnbSp. As\ aplZv \-_nsb sXdnhnfnpXv X\npw Xs
kn-_nIpw XpScm thn btlm-hbn \npw tbiphns\ cs-Spn ZoLZqcw HmSnb Xncphm
BtcmKy{]iv\w sIm, adnv BZ-i]mcw aqeamWv XfncpXv.
kXyssZhns\Xncmbn ]Xn-m-p-I ]S\bn Atln\v ]m-]
- np-hm\p Ahkcw R Hcpn
sImSpp. Ckvemans\ Ipdnv hn-iZ--ambn R kwkmcnp. B kw`mj-Wn ss__nfnse btlm-hs
- bbp-w tamsisbbpw tbiphns\bpw a-\kn-emtXv Fs\sbpw B C-
29
I-v Ddnmw.
aplZv sIme sNbvXnpv; tbip Bscbpw sImnn.
i{Xpfpambn \S bpnepw Xs `cWn Iognep P\fpsS
CSbn IpIrXyv hn[nIntmgpw aplZv \_n \Snemnbnp
sIm-eI A[manIamsWmWv Xncphm kwLns ]w. Fm apl-Zv \_n t\cn Cu cv kmlNcyfpw t\cntSnhnnm tb-iphns PohnXw D]tbmKnv aplZv \_nsb XmcXayw sNbvXv hnjbs D-]cnhambn kao]nphsc hnmatm FmWv Ch IWpIqpXv.
ap-lZv \_n bpsS PohnXn ta]d kmlNcyfn h[ns
i-{XpfpsS Fw Fqdn Xmsgbpw IphmfnIfpsS Fw An Xmsgbpw
B-Wv. Fm Cu kmlNcyfpw kwJymIWpw Hpw hniZoIcnm
{]-t_m[Iv kabw A\phZnm kphntij"the'I hnjbs aplZv
\-_n bpsS A[manIXbvpw {IqcXbvpw sXfn-hmbn hn[nI]n-p-p.
Cu ]m--e-n Ch-cpsS A[man-IXmhmZw apkvenwItf-m IqSp-X
B-sc-bmWv _m[n-p-s
- Xv ]cn-tim-[n-tXpv.
btlm-hb
- psS a\p-jym-hX
- m-ca
- m-Wv tbip Fv hniz-kn-p ss{IkvXh
- v,
ta- ]d-bs
- kml-Nc
- y-f
- n Atlns \ne-]m-sS-m-bn-cp-p-shv Rm
]d-bm-sX- Xs Adn-bm-hp-X
- m-Wv. Fnepw CsXmpw Adn-bn-sv \Sn-p
Xnc-p-h-m-dns\bpw tPmk-s\bpw hKo-kn-s\-bp-sams \nb-{n-msX Ib-dqcn hnnv, C-h-cpsS t`mjvv sImv {InkvXp-a-X-n\v KpWw Inp-sav a\-]m-b-ap-m-Xn-cn-m Nne ss__n hN-\- D-cn-p-I-bm-Wv.
""Fm blqZ P\-Xb
- psS BZy-Pm-X\
- mb G tbip-hns ZrjvSn-bn Hcp ZpjvS- Bbn-cp-p. AXp-sImv tbip Ahs\ sImp-If
-
p.'' (Dn 38-:7- )
""tbip (btlm-h-) Gcns\ sIm-tm ]nXm-hmb sblqZ Gcns A\p-P\m-b Hm\m-\n-t\mSv tbip-hns Iev]\
- b
- mb tZhc hnhml k{-Zm-b{- ]-Imcw Gcn-s `mcy-bp-ambn ssewKn-I-_w ]pen Gcn\p thn Hcp Ipns\ P\n-n-p-hm Bh-iy-s-p. Fm CXv B{K-ln-m-Xn-cp Hm\m tbip-hns
I--\bmb ktlm-Zc
- `
- m-cy-bp-ambn ssewKnI _w ]pen-sb-nepw _oPw
A-h-fpsS Dn t]mImsX ]pd-v \ne-tv Hgnp If-p. Ahs {]-h-n tbip-hns ZrjvSn-bn tZmj-ap-X
- m-bn-cp-p. AXp-sImv tbip Ah-s\bpw
sIm-pIf-p. (D]n 38:8-10)
2012 Htm_
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2012 Htm_
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Hcn- 30 t]scbpw asm-cn- Bbncw t]scbpw sImv cv Iq\-I D-mn-bXmbn ImWmw. (\ym-bm-[n-]am 14:19, 15:15)
tbip-hns s]-In\pf-fn-tev t\mn-b-Xn\v 50,070 t]sc tbip sImpI--f-p. CXv Iv P\w hne-]n-p. (1 kmap-th 6:19)
hnizm-kn-I-tfmSv bpw sNbvX Aam-te-Iy-cpsS ]pcp-jam-scbpw kv{XoI-sfbp-w Ipn-Is
- fbpw ape-Ip-Sn-p inip-s
- fbpw Ip-Im-en-I BSp-I H-I
- Igp-XI
- Fn-hs
- cbpw sImpI-fh
- m tbip-hns I]-\. Fm hnizmkn--I-fpsS cmPm-hmb iu tbip-hns\ ]qW-ambn A\p-k-cn-msX i{Xp-cm-Pmhn-s\bpw Abm-fpsS \ BSp-am-Sp-I-sfbpw sImn-. CXv CjvS-s-Sm tbip
iuens\ cmP-m-\-p-\npw Xf-fn--f-Xmbn iap-th {]hm-N-I\v hgn-bdn--bnv \In. tijw i{Xp-cm-Pm-hns\ tbip-hns apmsI iap-th {]hm-N-I Xp-wXp--ambn shn--f-p. (1 kmap-th 15)
Xs s]-Is
- -n-Sn Dsb sImp-If
-
p. B \mSn\v s]ckv D F
t]-cn Adn-b-s-Sp-p. (AYw D-bpsS t\sc B{I-aWw (1 kmap-th 15)
C{]-Imcw sNbvX ZmhoZv item-tam XpS-nb cmPm-am-cmb {]hm-N-I-am-cpw ]noSv tijw h bn{k-tbey t\Xm-fpw tbip-hn\p thn sImsmSp-nb i{Xp-f
- psS Fw n]vXa
- m-m Ign-bm-{X hn]p-ea
- m-Wv. apl-Zv \_-n (k) sNbvX bp--fn acn 800 Xmsg hcp i{Xp-sf Hmv apX-e-o s]mgn-p Xncp-h- m, tPmk kwLmwKv CXn-s\-p-dn-sms FmWv ]d-bm-\pXv? i{Xp-sf sImv Znh-k
- t- fmfw sIn-q-n-bpw
Nn-esc Isdnv sImpw Nnesc NppsImpw ihq\I sInbpbnbpw
AhcpsS kpw kv{XoIfpw sImapXembn ]nsSppw Nnesc ISen
X-nbnpw Nnesc BImip \nv Isdnpw kv{XoIsfbpw hramscbpw
Ip-nIsfbpw inipsfbpw arKsfbpw sImnpw ss__nfn \n-d
p-\n-p- {InkvXp{]h\ \n hmbnnnt? AtXm CsXms b-tlmh-bpsSta sInshv tbip{InkvXphns\ ampkmnbmm\mtWm \nfpsS
{iaw?
slkvt_m\nse cmPmhmb kotlms\bpw _mim cmPmhmb HmKns\bpw
cm-Pys apgph ]pcpjamscbpw kv{XoIsfbpw IpnIsfbpw sImsmSpn
A-hcpsS kpI sImhkvXpIfmbn ssIhisSpnbXn\v tijw
tamsi tbmiphtbmSv ]dXv {inq: ""\nfpsS ssZhamb btlmh B
cp cmPmamtcmSv sNbvXsXmw \o hyIvXambn Iphtm. \o ISp sNp- kIe cmPytfmSpw btlmh As\ Xs sNpw. \n Ahsc `b-sSpw \nfpsS ssZhamb btlmhbmWv \np thn bpw sNpXv.''
32
Iq-Sn-m-gv-NIzpB\ns imkv{XobXbvv sXfnhmbn 16mw B[ymbnse 67,68 h-N-\-fnse "Izpeo', "^kv epIzo' Fo {]tbmKsf DZmlcnmdpv. ta cv {]tbmKfpw kv{XoenwKamsWpw tX\otbmSv AXn ]d t_m-[\- kv{Xo tX\oIv am{Xw _m[IamsWpw AXv IzpB\ns ssZhn-IXbpsS \nZi\amsWpap XcnemWv hniZoIcWw. Fm AtX
A-[ymbnse 64mw hN\n ImenIfpsS ]mepambn _s hn-j-bn- "_pXzq-\nlm' F ]pnwK]ZamWv {]tbmKnncnpXv. BZys
hym-IcW am\Za\kcnv cmas hN\n ]m XcpXv Im-f-bmI-Ww.
m-\pw Am\pw IzpB\n imkv{X Xncbph Zbhp sNbvXv
I-pw ImXpap aphsc IqSn ]cnKWnWw.
\nbmkv
]men-s\-Ip-dnv Gsd-psd Htc-Xc-n-ep ]cm-aiw cp Izp-B
kq-
- f
- n ImWmw.16:66 epw 23:21 epw
B-Zy--Xns ]cn-`mj C{]-Im-c-am-Ip-p: ""Imen-I-fpsS Imcyn Xo-
33
34
Yw.
tX\o-s
- b-p-dn ]cm-ai-nse
kv-{XoenwK {]tbm-K-ns nXn-bnX-. tX\o(A-l
-
v )v Amlp \-Ip t_m[-\s
- -p-dn-mWv A-Xnse ]cm-aiw. sam-n-ep tX\o
q-stbm IqSn-s\tbm Ipdn- Chn-sS ]cm-ain-n-cn-p--sXv kqdp--lv-ense 68,69 hN-\- hmbnm- Bpw a\-n-em-Ipw. Hmtcm tX\o-pw \Ip t_m[-\s
- -p-dnv ]d-bp-Ibpw {]kvXpX t_m[-\-n- "\o ]mn-S--fp-m-pI' (C-Jn-Zo) ^e-f
- n\nv "\o `n-pI'
(Iq-eo), "\o {]th-in-p-sIm-pI' (^kve
- p-
- o) F I]\m{Inb-If
- n kv{Xo-sb am{Xw Dt-in-p-Ibpw sNbvXXm-Wv Izp-B\
- nI ]cm-ai-f
- nse Ap-XI
- c
- a
- mb s]mcp-a
- mbn Nqn-mWn--s-Sm-dp--Xv. ]mn-S-ap-m-pIbpw tX tiJ-cn-p-Ibpw AXn-\mbn
hy-XykvX amK-f
- n-tev {]th-in-pI-bpw sNp-Xv s] tX\o-I
- am{X-am-sW imkv{Xob Ip-]n-Spw
Cu Izp-B kq--fpsS IrXy-Xb-pw ssZhn-IX
- bpw hy-am-p-X
- p-Xs-bm-Wv. Hmtcm tX\o-pw \--Ip- t_m[-\-s-p-dnv ]cm-ain-ptm- s] tX\o-I
- v am{X-amWv
]Wn-sb-Sp-p-X
- n\pw `WtiJ-cW
- n-\p-ap ssZhnI \ntZi-ap-m-Ip-sXv ]Xn-\mev \qm-p-Iv apv
Ir-Xy-ambn ]d-bp-hm Ah-bpsS {kjv-Sm-hn\v am{X-amWv Ign-bp-I.
]ip-hn\pw t]mn-\p-sampw ]S-h \Im hntij_pn \In
A-\p-{K-ln a\p-jy-cn Ipw ImXpw
D-]t- bm-Kn-p-h
- smw Cmcyw a\-n-em-Ipw. Ipw ImXp-samw Dsn-epw Ahsb t\amK-n-te-p
{]-bm-W-n\v Dt]m_-e-I-ambn D]tbm-Kn-m-h
- kzw bpn-sb-pdn- Al-m-c
- n-emWv AS-bn-cn-p-X-v F-Xn-\m Ahv CsXmpw a\-n-em-bn-sm-W
- s
- a-n-. \mImen-I-tf-m hgn-]n-g--h-cmWv A-cm-sc-m-Wtm Izp-B (7:179) ]dn-cn-p-X
- v.
BkvXn-I-Xbpw \mkvXn-I-Xbpw
Hcp Xmc-Xay hni-I-e\w
F.-hn. ^nZukv
a\p-jy-_p-npw Nnpw A{]m-]yhpw Ahy--hp-amb Hcp Imcy-sp-dnv Dv, C Fo cn-semcp Xop-I-fn-se-m Bh-iy-s-m
kzm`m-hnI Nnm-ti-jn-bp GsXm-cmfpw aSn-Im-Wn-p-Ib
- mWv sNpI.
_pnv A{]m-]y-am-b Imcy-s-p-dnv Xov I]n-p--Xn\nv ]nn-cnbp ioew a\p-jys\ hyXn-cn--am-p ssPhknn-I-fn Hm-Wv. sXfn-hpI-fp-sS-bpw kqN-\-I-fp-sSbpw ASn-m-\-n Dv/C Fo \nK-a-\--fn-sem Ign-bp-tm hyn\njvT-amb Xocp-am-\--fn-se-p-p. Fm
hyn\njvT-amb Nnm-ti-jnv Ap-d-p-\np Imcy-sf A-ambn
\ntj-[n-pI FXv _pn-]-chpw Nnm-]-c-hp-amb ]cn-an-Xn-sb-bmWv kqNn-np--Xv. Cmcyw Fm-hn-`mKw P\-n-S-bnepw s]mXp-hn AwKo-I-cn-s-n-p-X
- p-am-Wv.
ssZhm-kvXn-Iys \ntj-[n-p \mkvXnINn-bn bYmY-n kw`hn-p-Xv A-amb aphn-[n-sImv hyn-]-c-amb A-Xsb ad-p-sh-pI-sb--Xm-Wv. ssZhm-kvXnIyw Ab-YmY-amWv F aphn-[n-bn Dun-\n-psImv hnizm-k
- sf tNmZywsNp kao-]\
- a
- mWv s]mXp-hn
\mkvXnIhmZn-I kzoI-cn-p-h-cp--Xv. `uXnIimkv{X-n-sbpw tIhebpn2012 Htm_
35
bp-sSbpw Ahy---fmb Nne am\-Zsf kzw aphn-[n--\p-kcnv Ah hymJym-\nv D]-tbm-Kn-pIbpw sNbvXp-h-cp-p. Fm `uXnI-amb hkvXp-I
- m-cy-sf Is-p-Xn\v Ah-ew-_n-p am\-Z-fmWv `uXn-Im-Xo-Xa
- mb Xe-n-ep
hnj-b-n Ah Ah-ew-_n-p-Xv. At\z-jn--s-Sp Imcy-ns
kz`mhw thdnv a\-n-em-m-Xn-cn-p
I F ]cn-anXn Ah ImWp-n-.
ssZhm-kvXn-Iys \ntj-[n-p
coXn-sb-bmWv \mkvXn-Ih
- mZw AYhm
\nco-iz-c-hmZw Fv hnti-jn-n-p-Xv. hmZ-sav ]d-bp-tm Xsbpw
\nco-izchmZ-n\v aphn-[n-bpsS
KpW-f
- mWv D-Xv. kwib/
ktlhmZ-n\nv \nco-izchmZn-\p {][m\ hyXym-khpw AXmWv. ssZhm-kvXn-Iy-s-p-dn-p
kwi-bhpw kt-l-hp-amWv ktl/
kwibhmZ-ns s]mcp. AXn
\ntj-[-sa Xew Bhn`-hn-p-n. Fm \nco-izc-\m-kvXnIhmZw
\ntj-[s
- -bmWv ASn-d
- b
- m-p-Xv. ssZhm-t\z-j-W-ns t\v
Nn-bp-sSbpw _pn-bp-sSbpw
hmXn F-t-p-ambn sImn-bS- p [mjvSy-ns kao-]\
- a
- mWv
\nco-iz-ch
- m-Zw. km[m-cW
- K
- X
- n-bn
"hmZw' Fv hnti-jn-n-s
- -Sp
Nnm-KX
- n-bn At\z-jWkm[y-XIfpw FXnh-i-p-\n-p Bi-bsf ]cn-tim-[\mhnt[-ba
- m-p-hm\p Ah-k-c-fpw Dm-bn-cn-pw.
Acw kz`m-h--fp Nnm-K-Xn-Isf-bmWv "hmZw' tNv s]mXp-hn
hnti-jn-n-s
- -Sp-X
- v. \mkvXnI/
\nco-iz-c-hm-Z-n B km[y-Xbpw
kz`m-hhpw AwKo-I-cn--s-Sm-Xn-cn-p-Xn\v Imc-Ww, AXv A-amb
aphn-[n-bm-sW-X
- p-Xs
- -bm-Wv.
AXp-sImv \mkvXn-Ih
- mZw/\nco-iz-c-
hmZw F {]tbm-Kt- -m
\mkvXnIX/\nco-iz-cX F {]tbm-Kam-bn-cnpw IqSp-X tbmPn-p-I.
aqV-X, aX Fsms ]d-bp--Xpt]mse a\p-jys kl-P-amb KpWK-W
- f
- p-ambn tbmPn-m Hmbn
\mkvXnIX/\nco-iz-cX
- `mj-bnepw
Bib kwhm-Z--fnepw hn\n-a-b-fnepw thXn-cnv hn\n-tbm-Kn--s-tS-Xp-v. Bi-b-c-ln-Xhpw Nnm-iq\y-Xsb ASn-d
- b
- m-p-Xpw
_un-I-amb a\pjy hyXn-cn--XIsf Xnckv-I-cn-p--Xp-amb hc
Hcp aphn-[n-sb \ne-bn-emWv
\mkvXn-IX/\nco-iz-cX hnh-n--stS-n-h-cp-Xv F hne-bn-cp--en\v
ImcWw AXns \no-hX
- b
- m-Wv.
a\p-jys klP{]Ir-Xn-bp-ambn
CW-n-\np-Ibpw ico-c
- nepw
PohnXioe-f
- nepw AS-n-bn-cnp khn-ti-j-amb Nne kXyv A\p-tbm-Py-hp-amb \ne-]mSmWv BkvXnIt_m[w F-Xv.
AtX-k-abw a\p-jys hyXn-cn
KpW-s
- fmw \ntj-[n-p-Ibpw
Ah-bpsS Xm]-cy-sf Ah-K-Wnp-Ibpw sNp-X
- mWv \mkvXn-IX
- .
Bk-b
- p-sS-Xs \ntj-[saXe-n Fpp \nco-iz-c-X.
ssPhn-Ia
- mb Dhn-fn-Ifpw Akm-[m-cW-fpw Pp-{]-Ir-Xn-bn \nv
thdn-- kz`mhKpW--fp-ap PohnhKw F \ne-bn-ep a\p-jys
m\s {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNp
ImgvN
- mSv BkvXnI-Xb
- p-tSXv am{X-amWv. XnIpw kzm`m-hn-Ihpw kl-P-hpamb \ne-bn BkvXnIt_m[w
hn-p-X
- p-sIm-mWv BkvXnI
aX-s
- fms ssZhm-kvXn-Iy-s-pdn-p DW-ep-I-fn Dup--Xv.
a\p-jys k-bp-sSbpw hyn-Xzn-sbpw Ap-dv a\p-jym-Xo-Xamb Xe-f
- n\np bmYmYy-
36
\mkvXn-IX
- b
- n kzm`m-hn-IX
- s
- Xn-cmb Hcp _e-{]-tbm-K-n-sbpw
kZ-n-sbpw kz`m-h-ap-v. AXpsIm-mWv \nco-iz-ch
- mZ Nnm-KXn
D-S
- n-bn-p {]Xybimkv{X-
ssZh-\n-tj-[s Ah-bpsS ASnm-\-ambn Dbn-m-p--Xv. adp-hiv aX- ssZhhnizm-ks
ASn-m\Xz-ambn Dbn-m-p-Xm-Is ssZhhnizmkw kl-Phpw
kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw Dcp-n-cn-p-h-cpXpw Dsm-m Ign-bp-X
- p-amb
BkvXnIt_m[s \ntj-[n-phm\pw \ncm-I-cn-p-hm-\p-amWv Ir{Xn-aamb {]Xy-bi
- mkv{X D]m-[nI-fpsS
Bhiyw hcp--Xv. temIv
BkvXnIt_m[-ap--h IqSp-Xepw
\mkvXn-I ]cn-an-X-hp-am-bXpw AXpsIm-m-Wv. a\pjy_pnbpw a\p-jy\nse B-k-bpw kzm`m-hn-Iambn \ncm-I-cn-p Nnm-K-Xn-sb
\ne-bn \mkvXn-IX a\p-jy-\p-ambn
]pep AI-e-amWv {]Xy-b-imkv{X-]c
- a
- mb imTy-f
- n-eqsS \nI-nsb-Sp-p-hm Iayq-Wn-kw-t]m-sebp \nco-iz-c-hmZ {]m-\-v
{ian-t-n-h
- X
- v.
aX-f
- m-hs BkvXnIt_m[s
{Inbm--I-ambn hnI-kn-n-p-hm\mWv {ian-p-Xpw, bXv\n-p--
2012 Htm_
37
38
bmYmYy-amb ssZthmp-JX
- b
- psS
\ntj-[
- n \np-m-Ip-X
- v.
cv- A
- h
- t_m[-]qhw krjvSn-sSp-p [nm-c-]-c-amb at\m-Xe
cq]o-Ic
- W
-
- n\n-p-m-Ip-X
- v.
a\-ns\ kp-Nn-X-am-p--ht
\mkvXn-IX Bizm-ka
- m-hpI-bp-q.
a\p-jy a\p-jy-\m-bn-cn-pI
F-Xns\ hnizm-khpw Ahn-izmkhpw cv hn`n coXn-I-fn-emWv
\nh-Nn-p--Xv. hnizmkw a\pjys\ {]Ir-Xn, kl-Po-hn-I,
{]m]-nI hkvXp-, {]Xn-`m-k Fn-hb
- p-ambn Iqn-bn-W
- nsmv khn-ti-ja
- m-sbmcp kao-Ic
- W-n-sbpw ]mc-kv]c
- y-n-sbpw
shfn--n-emWv \nh-Nn-p--Xv.
Fm Ahn-izmkw AYhm
\mkvXn-IX Ccw ]mc--cyn\npw a\p-jys\ XS-bp-IbmWv sNp-X
- v. {kjvSm-hns
2012 Htm_
39
BkvXn-It_m[w ]Iv \Ip ss[j-Wn-Ihpw {]m-]-c-hp-amb DuPhpw Icp-pamWv \mkvXnI Pohn-X--fn \nv KpW-K-W--fn hyXym-k-s-smcp Pohn-X-amn
hnizmknPohn-Xs ]cn-hn-n-p--Xv. hnizmkmhn-izm-k- `n-X-s-Sp-Xv
tIhew hmp-IsIm--, henb henb AY- sImp-X-s-bm-Wv.
a\p-jys\ kw_-n-n-St- mfw
Ahs km[y-XI
- {]]-t- mfw
hnim-e-amWv Fsmcp kzmX-{yt_m[w ]Iv \Ip-Xv \mkvXnI-X-b-, BkvXn-I-t_m-[-am-Wv. Xs
Npnbpw hfpw \np {]m]nI {]Xn-`m-k--fn \nsms
a\p-jys\ A\y-h-cnv \npXv \nco-iz-c-Xz-am-Wv. Pohn-Xs
^e-{]m-]vXn-bn-se-n-m Bh-iyamb bmYmYy-t_m-[s {]Xn-tcm[n-p aqV-Xb
- mbn
\mkvXnIt_m[w A[x]Xn-p-Xv
{]]--sbpw AXn-ep hkvXp-sfbpw a\p-jy-\n\nv A\y-am-p-Xn-eq-sS-bm-W.v
XpS-hpw HSp-hpw \ntj-[n-s-Sp Ab-YmY-amb
PohnXk]w cq]-s-Sp-n-sb-Spp-hm \mkvXn-IX AXns hmsf t{]cn-n-p-p. \ne-\n]ns\
AY-]qW-am-p-X
- n kp{]-[m\
]p-h-ln-p--h-bmWv a\p-jys
2012 Htm_
40
a\p-jy-cmin hnizm-k- k
-
- ]sImpw {]hr-n-IsImpw
\Ip adp-]-Sn-I \mkvXn-Iv
Dsm-m-\m-hp-n F-XmWv
ASn-m\{]iv\w. AXv km[y-am-hpI-bm-sW-n Ah Cuizc hnizmks hne-Ip-dv ImWp-I-bn-.
bYmY ASn-a-w, a\p-jys BcnI bmYmYy-v hncp--amb
Hcp kZ knm--ambn hnp \mkvXn-IX
- t- bm-Sp _-amWv. Ahm-kvX-hhpw Ir{Xn-a-hp-amb
Bibcq]o-Ic
- W
-
- n-eqsS a\p-jyk Bh-iy-s-Sp hnizmk \ne]m-Sp-Is-Xnsc [mjvSy-n-sbpw
\ntj-[-n-sbpw coXn-imkv{Xw a\pjy-[n-jW
- b
- n ASn-t]n-p-XmWv \mkvXn-I. a\p-jy kzbw
Dsm-m Xbm-dm-hm Hcp
Imcys \n_--]qhw ASn-
41
kmh-Im-enI Xn-If
- psSsbmw ISp-h-chv "Pohn-Xs Pohn-X-n\mbn am{Xw' Fv Nnn-p
{lkz-Zi-\
- ns hgn-bn-eq-sS-bm-Wv.
aqeym-[n-jvTn-Xhpw \-tbmSv tNv
\np--Xp-amb Nn-I-fn \npw
sXc-s-Sp-p-I-fn\n-p-samw a\pjy AI-ep-Xv Pohn-Xs Pohn-Xn-\mbn am{Xw a\-n-em-p-tm-gmWv. Fv sNbvXpw GXp-h-gn-bn
k-cnpw kzPo-hn-Xs AXns
Ghpw kpJ-tem-ep-]-amb Ah-bn-se-n-pI FXv ey-ambn
IcpXn aptmv t]mIphn-Sb
- n
aqey-t_m-[-n\v henb ]cn-K-W\
e`n-n-. Ah-cpsS aqeyk]-sfmw kzmY-X, kpJ-tem-ep-]X
Fn-hsb ]qcWw sNp-h
- b
- m-bn-cnpw. aqey- Fv hne-a-Xn-m-hp-hb
- m-bn-cn-n kzmY-Xs
- bbpw
kpJ-tem-ep-]X
- s
- bbpw Dt-P\
-
- fmbn kzoI-cnv aptmv t]mIp--h
Dbn-n-Sn-p Nn--I. B[p\nI Pohn-X-n Ipan-p-Iq-Sn-bnp `oam-Im-c
- f
- mb Xn-If
- n
]eXpw ]nd-hn-sb-Sp-p-Xpw
hfp-hc
- p-Xpw kpJm-k
- n-Isf
]qPn-p \mkvXn-IX
- b
- psS
PohnXho-W-v e`n {]Nm-c-
2012 Htm_
42
\_n\nmkn\nabpw
apkvenw{]XnIcWfpw
Bjnv juv
{]hm-N-I-\n--bpsS asmcp A[ymbn\v IqSn Ckvem-w hnaiI Xncn-sImfp-n-bn-cn-pIbmWv. C-kkv Hm^v apkvenwkv F kn\nabneqsS {]hm-NI sbbpw {]hm-NIm\p-N-c-mscbpw lnwkm--I-hpw IncmX-hp-amb Nn{Xo-Ic-W--fn-eqsS ]cn-l-kn-p-Ibpw A]-l-kn-p-Ibpw sNbvXpsImmWv i{Xp C{]m-hiyw XfpsS Cujyw XoXv. ]-Xn-\mev an\pv ssZLy-ap
Cu kn\nam s{Sbve Ign Pqsse Hn\mWv bq Syq-_n {]Xy--s--Xv.
tem-I
- m-Ia
- m\w {]Xn-tj-[
- n\pw B{I-aW
-
- n\pw hgn-sbm-cp-nb {]kvXpX
Nn{Xw Nne cmPy--fn bq Syq-_n \nv \ow sNbvsXnepw hym]Iambn
{]-Ncnnpv. ""kv]jvS-ambpw R-fpsS amK-\ntZ-i--fn HXp-p--XmWv
AXp-sImv XpScpw'' FmWv bqSyq_v DS-a
m-hI
- m-ia
- p KqKn CXns\ kw_-nv ]d-Xv.
hnhmZkn\nam ]c-ky-w apX AXns {]Xn-tj[n hsc [mcmfw Zpcq-lX-I ImWm Ign-bpw. kn\na \nan-m-\p A\p-aXn t\Sp-Xv HmKv
2011\mWv ]s C-kkv Hm^v apkvenwkv F \ma-n-e adnv, sUtkv
hmcn-b F-m-bn-cp-p kn\n-av BZyw \Inb t]cv. kn\nam \nam-Xm-hmb
\uf _mnen \u-f- Ata-cn-b
- nse ss{IkvXh anj-\dn kwL-amb aoUnb
t^m ss{Ins {]kn-U v tPmk^v \msk-d A_vZp akolpw tNmWv
A-v ^nenw jqv sNm\p A\p-aXn hmn-b-Xv. 2012 sabvPq amkn
A-d-_v thUv ]{Xw C-kkv Hm^v _nem-Z F kn\n-a-bpsS ]ckyw
2012 Htm_
43
44
45
6. {]hm-N-I-bpsS
{]n-b-s A\p-N-c-msc
sIm-e]
- m-XI
- n-Ifpw sImm-cpw {Iqc-mcpw Zp\-Sp-Im-cp- a
- mbn Nn{Xo-Ic
- n-pp.
7. apkvenwI ssZhnI--sav hniz-kn-p hnip- Izp-B {]hm-NIbpsS `mcy JZo-Pbp-sS \ntZi-{]-Imcw Fgp-Xn-b-Xm-sWv ka--Ynm- {ianpp.
8. hnip Izp- B
]-g-b]p-Xnb \nba ]pkv-X-I--fn\nv IS-sa-Sp--Xm-sWv B-tcm-]n- p-- - p .
X? {]hm-N-I bpsS cq]w Nn{Xo-Icn-p-Xpw hc-p-Xpw Ckvemw hntcm-[n-n-p-v. Fm Cu Nn{Xo-I-cW-n am{Xw {]Xn-tj-[s Npcpp--hv Nne m-]n-XX
- m-]cy- am{XamWpXv. s]mXp-th \nkm-cam-bn KWnmhp Hcp Imcy-n\v
apkv-enw-I C{X henb {]Xntj[w
kwLSnnpI hgn Akln-jv-Wp-fmb P\hn`mKambn apkvenw P\kmam-\ys ap{ZIpm Ffpamhpw
F XncndnhmWv Cu {]Nmc-W
- n\v
]n-n. Ckv-em-an-s\bpw {]hm-N-Is\bpw hnip {K-sbpw Ipdnv
kn-\na \Ip kt-i-amWv ChnsS
Im-Xemb {]iv\w. AXv Cns\ kwt]nmw.
1. Ckvemw shdp-n-sbpw Ie-ln-sbpw c-sm-cn-n-en-sbpw aXam-W.v
46
tkmjy s\vhp-If
- n-eq-sS-bp Ckvem-anI{]t_m-[\
-
- n\v Ghpw km[y-Xb
- p taJ-eb
- mWv tmsKgpv.
{]t_m-[\
- c
- w-Ks {it-ba
- mb ae-bmf tmKp-Isf ]cn-Nb
- s
- -Sp-p tImf-am-Wn-Xv.
\n-fpsS tmKp-I-fpsS URL klnXw kvt\l-kw-hm-Z-nte-s-gp-XpI.
C.-sa-bn: editor@snehasamvadam.com
XpScp {]hmNI\nbpw
\nIcpsS ]cyhkm\hpw
dfgdfgdgdgd
http://amusafir.blogspot.com/hn. \nbmkv
47
p-a Rm Fgp-Xn-sm-Sp-Xv ]dbp-, thsd Hpw ]d-bm-\n-m Hcm-. ]pXn-b-sXm-p-an-. P\- Abm-sf Znhy-\m-n.- A-[nIw Ign-bp-Xn-\p apt Abm acnp. Zn-hy-]-cnth-jtmsS P\- At-ls
kw-kvIcnp. B cm{Xn ]pe-tm
Ip-gn-am-S
- n\p ]pd-tv X-s \ne-bn Abm-fpsS icocw Ip. cmw
Zn-h-khpw \ Hcp Ipgn-bn Abmsf
A-S-n. B cm{Xn ]pe-tmgpw Abm-sf `qan ]pdwXn. P\- Bg-n Hcp henb Ipgn FSpv A-bmsf AS-n. Fm aqmw Xh-Wbpw
`q-an Abmsf ]pd-tv Xn. P\- Abmsf AhnsS Dt]-np t]mbn. \_n-\n-bpsS XpS-
- m-cn Nnecp-sS Ncn{Xw C-s\-bm-Wv.
Amlp ]d-Xv F{X kXyw: ""]cn-lm-k-m-cn \nv \ns kwc-nm Xo-bmbpw \mw aXn-bm-bn-cn-pp.''(2)
AsX, ""Xo-bmbpw \ntmSv hntZz-jw shv ]pep-h
- Xs-bm-
48
49
A-_q-A-ao-
Btcm-]W
-
- D-bn-p-tm...
""kXyhnizmknIfmb ]pcpjamscbpw kv { XoIsfbpw Ah
(sXmb) bmsXmpw sNmXncns ieysSpphcmtcm Ah
A]hmZhpw {]Xyamb ]m]hpw t]dnbncnbmWv.'' (33:58)
kvt- \l-_
-
- pambn-cnpw m\-ap-m-hpI. BZi-ns i-amb
Nc-Sp-sImv ]c-kv]cw _n-n-s
- \_n bpsS kzlm-_v sIp-dp- Cu BZim-[n-jT
v nX kaq-l
- n-s hy-amb amXr-I-bm-Wv.
Dulmt]ml-fpw XZ-Sn-m-\
- nep Ihm-Ifpw hnizmkokaql-ns sIp-dv XIp-XmWv.
A-Xn-\m ap-h
- sc Ipdnv tI-
- p hm-I \nP-nXn Adn-bmsX
kzoI-cn-p-Itbm {]N-cn-n-p-I-tbm
sN-c
- p-X.v hmkvXhhncp-a
- mb hmIfpw Btcm-]W
-
- fpw hgn F{X-sb{X
_-fmWv XIv Xcn-W
- a
- mbXv.
Fsmw \-I-fmWv Ah-bpsS t]cn- apS-n-tm-b-Xv. ]c-kv]cw k-vt\ln-p-Ibpw Htc BZi-ns hm-fmbn AWn-\n-c-p-Ibpw sNbvXp
t]m-bm-fp-I tIh-e-amb Nne Btcm-]-W--fpsS t]cn BZi-hn-tcm[n-I-tf-m henb i{Xp--fmbn amdp- Ah-m-hn-tijw Fp-am{Xw
]cn-Xm-]-I-cmWv. Acw hm-I
G-s-Sp-p-Ibpw ImtXmSv ImtXmcw
ssI-am-dp-Ibpw sNpXn\v apv AXn-s t{kmXv Isn hm
n-co-I-cn-m\pw Btcm-]-W-hn-t[-bs \ne-]m-sS-s-d
- n-bm\psams {ian--p-I-bm-sW--n BZi-_-p-
2012 Htm_
50
X-n-ep sFIyhpw kvt\lhpw sIp--dt- msS Xs Imp-kq-n-m \ap-v km[n-pw. C-s-n sImSpw tJZ-hpw hn ]mX-Ihpambn-cnpw AXn-s A\--c-^-ew.
Amlp hnizm-kn-I-fmb \tmSv
D-Wp-Xv ImWpI: ""kXy-hn-izmk-nI
-- tf, Hcp A[aImcn h hm-bpw sImv \nfpsS ASpv h-m \nfXns\n hyIvXambn A-t\zjn-dnbWw. AdnbmsX GsX-n-epw
Hcp P\Xbvv \n B]-p-hcpp-Ibpw, Fnv B sNbvX
- Xns t]cn- \n tJZmcm-bno-cp-I-b-pw
sNmXncnm thn.'' (49:6)
Ckvem-ans ASn-d
- b
- mb XuloZns al-zw Xncn--dnv AXp-sm-p-Ibpw AXv ap--h-cn-te-sn-m Atlmcm{Xw ]Wn-sb-Sp-pIbpw sNp BZi_p- Btcm-]W
- - {]Xym-tcm-]W
-
-
- \Sp
nXnhntijw {]t_m-[\cwKs
F{Xam{Xw henb Zpc-a
- mWv! Ccw
Btcm-]W
-
- Bscpdnpw D-bn-cp-sX-XmWv Ckvem-anI {]am-W \s t_m[y-s-Sp-p--Xv. Btcm--]W
- - {]Xym-tcm-]W
-
- f
- n-eqsS _-- XIp-t]m-ImsX kXy-]m-Xb
- n Hcp-at- bmsS apt-dm kh-i
-
\-s A\p-{K-ln-s