Hydraulic symbols

Energy conversion

Energy transfer
line, supply line, return line, component framing and symbol boxed in internal and external pilot line, leakage oil line, purging line, exhaust line

Actuation Manual actuation

Valves Basic symbols

Valves Directional control valves

A A B

Valves Stop valves

shut-off valve 3-way stop-cock

hydraulic pump with constant delivery rate

by pushing

by pulling

by pulling and pushing Function unit for valves with main ports. The number of ports corresponds to the number of lines shown above and below a square.

frames for several components hydraulic variable displacement pump with alternating direction of delivery at constant direction of rotation tubing line

by turning

by lever

by rocker

T P 3/2-way valve with solenoid coil, directly actuated, reset by spring and manual override with detent A B

T P 4/2-way valve with two solenoid coils, directly actuated, with detent (double solenoid valve)

non-return valve B

non-return valve with spring A2 B2

Mechanical actuation
line connection reversible hydraulic pump/hydraulic motor unit with two directions of flow and variable displacement volume, external leakage oil line and two directions of rotation. crossing line closed exhaust port X1 by plunger A T P 4/3-way proportional valve, directly actuated P T actuated in initial position
G

A X piloted non-return valve with spring X2 A1 shuttle valve (OR function) B A2

A1 B1 double non-return valve, piloted B A1 A2

by roller

pressure supply port, closed

plug within a fluid line

by roller lever, actuation in one direction of travel only

4/3-way valve, hydraulically actuated, spring-centred basic elements with 2, 3, 4 switching positions A B

dual-pressure valve (AND function)

Flow control valves

A flow control valve, fixed B B orifice, fixed B2 flow control valve, adjustable B1

hydraulic motor with constant displacement/ absorption capacity and two directions of rotation

rotary drive/semi-rotary drive with limited angle of rotation and two directions of flow

hydraulic energy source

tank connection, ending below and above the oil level

Pressure actuation
reservoir closed with cover reservoir open to atmosphere pneumatically actuated hydraulically actuated paths and directions of flow through a valve X Y T P 4/3-way servo valve piloted by a control solenoid, with closed-loop position control of main and pilot stage, with integrated electronics, external pilot supply and drain A directional control valve with intermediate positions dynamic control valve by solenoid coil with one winding active direction active direction towards the away from the valving element valving element hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor with shaft coupling A 1M1 X A P T Y A B 1M2 B

function: leak-tight locking, hydraulic seat

electric motor

Electrical actuation
motor shaft points to the right (preferably) or to the left pump shaft points to the left (preferably) or to the right

A one-way flow control valve, adjustable B T

A flow distributor B

T P 4/3-way servo valve, piloted, solenoid coil with two windings, with mechanical feedback of the valve slide position to the pilot stage

A A 3-way flow control valve, adjustable 2-way flow control valve, non-adjustable

compact gear unit (simplified representation)

single-acting cylinder double-acting cylinder with piston rod at one end, with piston rod at one end spring chamber with leakage oil connection

by solenoid coil with two windings, active direction to and from the valving element quick decoupler with two non-return valves, decoupled; i.e. line closed quick decoupler with two non-return valves, coupled by electric motor with by stepper motor continuous rotary motion

double-acting cylinder with through piston rod of different diameters, with adjustable cushioning at both ends

Combined actuation
filter tank ventilation filter by solenoid coil and pilot valve by solenoid coil or manual override and pilot valve

examples for connection identification: A = port B = port T L P = pump T = reservoir X = control oil supply Y = control oil relief 1M1 L = leakage oil M = solenoid coil Connections must be marked on the circuit diagram using the identification marked on the component, sub-base or block (ISO 1219-2).

T P 3/2-way poppet valve with solenoid coil and limit switch

Accessories Measurement and display devices

Pressure control valves

A P pressure gauge temperature gauge (thermometer)

T L P sequence valve, self-actuating, with bypass valve A flow rate display flow meter

single-acting cylinder, plunger cylinder

2/2-way valve with 2 ports, 2 switching positions for 2 flow directions. normally closed normally open position position

directly actuated pressure relief valve, adjustable A

telescope cylinder, single-acting

p1 p2

telescope cylinder, double-acting

filter with bypass valve with optical contamination indicator and switch

fluid level display (sight glass) L pressure switch, electromechanical, adjustable

P

tachometer

by solenoid coil or manual override

by solenoid coil or manual override with detent 3/2-way valve with 3 ports and 2 switching positions, normally closed position 4/2-way valve with 4 ports and 2 switching positions

Mechanical components
pressure booster, single-acting, which converts a pneumatic pressure p1 into a higher hydraulic pressure p2
G G

piloted 2-way pressure directly actuated 2-way pressure regulator regulator with external control oil relief with external control oil relief A A

pressure sensor, analogue output signal

cooler without flow lines for the direction of flow of coolant

heating

5 Detents are to be symmetrically matched with the mechanical connection. With more than three detent positions the number of positions can be displayed above the detent element.

pressure switch, electronically adjustable, output signal switching

G G

P T

3-way pressure regulator accumulator charging valve P T

G

displacement encoder with analogue output signal

displacement encoder with digital output signal

double-acting cylinder double-acting cylinder with displacement with integrated encoder on the piston rod displacement encoder

gas pressure accumulator, separation of media through: diaphragm bladder piston (diaphragm (bladder (piston accumulator) accumulator) accumulator)
1 2 3 1 2 3

X reset by spring spring-centred 4/3-way valve with 4 ports and 3 switching positions various mid-position variants T shut-off/ counterbalancing valve P proportional pressure relief valve, directly actuated with closed-loop position control of solenoid coil and with integrated electronics optical indicator
4

digital display
L

three-way rotary connection

fluid level switch with 4 normally closed contacts

electrical fluid level monitoring with analogue output signal and digital display

053032 en Festo Didactic GmbH & Co. KG

www.festo-didactic.com