Basic Adams Motor Theory

Tim Harwood M.A q' 2001 - 2004 v. 1.03

timhaood@usa.net
Comprehensive theOlY for the Adams motor is substantially complex. All this document attempts to
do is set out a basic famework from which one can begin analysis, and nothing more. Quite simply
for best output the mix of va Ii abies is too geat, and the mechanical rotor presents too llany
problems for control, for any casual experimenter to obtain best perfonnance. Since fl her
valiables beyond those discussed below exist, this docmnent can only be considered a beginners
guide to the Adams motor. The focus is placed upon explaining how to manifest the in register fux
anomaly, rather than optimizing the anomaly itself
Background
The frst person to attempt a theory for the Adams motor was Harold Aspden. His ideas are
preserved for postelity in his patent application, reproduced in whole at the end of this doclUnent.
The basic thesis Mr Aspden developed, was that the Adams motor belonged to the 'switched
reluctance' class of motors. That is to say the magnets yawed to register, where the stator was
pulsed, in effect demagnetizing the cores, so that the rotor could 'free wheel' away fom the stator
zone. The over-unity effect was argued to be based upon an effect within the core, related to
operation beyond the nonnal flux saturation point of the matelial employed.
Wile undoubtedly clever and scientific, it must be stated these ideas were developed from theOlY
alone, and the motor M Aspden subsequently developed suffered fom low speed. This is
consistent with core saturation. 1 am lmaware of any practical engineeling advantages to core
saturation. So the alterative theOlY I developed to explain the motor, and which 1was frst to
propose, stated that while the rotor magnets were attacted to the stator cores, the basis of the
claimed in register anomaly, was not operation beyond the nonnal saturation limits of the core, but
rather a generator wind on the stators, as per the clyptic 4: 1 mle stated by Robel Adams (ut never
illustated in any of his diagams).
Basic Teory of Operation For Adams Motor
1) Mechanical 'yaw to regster,' based upon attacton
of penn anent manets rotor pieces, to iron stator cores
2) Generator wind on stator cores, means the feld of te
pennanent maet: supplies potental to the motor clfcuit
lowering circuit impedance, so less electcal energ is
required to demagnete cores, than the sum of the
kinetc energ ganed on approach
3) Rotor maets now free wheel away from demaeted
stator core. Wit enoug voltage, repulslOn is possible
When in register, 1hypothesized the rotor magnets provided 'free precharge' to the motor circuitry.
The feld of the pennanent maget reduced the net input of electical energy required to
demagnetize the stator cores. Thus it required less electrical energy to demagetize the stator cores,
than the sum of the kinetic energy we gained on approach.
This is clearly elementalY physics that makes good sense. A maget is mechanically forced into a
paradoxical situation, in the sense that recession from the stator zone, requires a smaller input of
electlical energy, than the kinetic energy gained on approach. I is not unreasonable to suppose that
in such circlUnstances when the input switch is closed, something anomalous, not readily
documented in the mainstream scientific literature, may indeed happen.
berth for
tg
Te Basic Adas Motor Confgration
Grade 8 ceramic I ferrite magnets are fine
24 - 26 awg wire 1S sugested
Idividua stators should be 6 - 9 ohms
:Lower values gve her torque
But also increased current draw
318M face cores ad 3/4" maets work well
12v pulse iput works well
The hypothesis I advanced to explain this anomaly, was that at the moment the timing switch closed
and potential was extacted from the permanent magnet, a brief anomalous flux effect was
manifested, associated with the central pole face of pennanent magnets. The fux anomaly
apparently coupled with the supplied stator input (ament, bestowing it with the noted novel and
exotic qualities, input CUlTent draw reduction, above supply voltage gain, and a reversal of cunent
direction back to the original source afer the switch was opened.
These are general characteristics I have speculated may be associated with 'phase conjugation.' Tat
is a reversal of the time polarity of the input electron fow. The halving of cunent draw, possibly a
result of two time polarities being simultaneously present, doubling the efective rate of change of
magetic flux and thus resultant field density, one the physical electrons, the other the anomalous
coupled flux vector. The absorption of energy fom the environment in place of conventional
radiation. Te backwards fow of energy to the source. While not a tme phase conjugate wave in the
sense it traveled back in time, this hyothetical mixed coupled wave concept is my best attempt to
make sense of the phenomena.
Subsequent solid state experiments with the POD (Power On Demand) demagnetization core,
suggested that while in register, the electromagnetic pulse geomet may look something like below.
This brief electromagnetic 'flare' is the consequence of the mechanical yaw to register and stator
demagnetization cycle, and is responsible for the noted exotic proper1ies of the Adams motor,
cunent draw reduction, voltage gain, and the pow(rfl back emf surge.
Simplified POD Magetic Schematic
(e Adams motor maetc moment i solid state)
Amp draw
zone
Excess voltae
zcne
.mp draw
zone
POD Demagetaton Core - Jaua 2002
Im r gap
-
E
ayer wind on core
End maet
ii
,
Two layer rtg maget Wld
Wind one layer on na core, two on outside of ring maget stack
Conect t senes for about 1 ohms total resistace per core
Pulse coils. demaete core, ;Ud rect back emf to capacitor
2.2 k @20% dut, small de fan motor for a suitable load type
Physically the POD unit consists of a ceramic ring magnet stack, typically about 2-3 inches in
length, based upon one inch diameter magets. Two wind layers are placed over the outer side of
the stack, each insulated by tape. The wind direction for these layers is not imp03t. A third wind
layer is then added to the central POD core, and is COllilected such that when pulsed, the core is
demagnetised. Tis is important. A end magnet in polar sync with the ring magnet stack separated
by a hu air gap is then added. Te system is pulsed, such that the main POD core is repeatedly
demagnetised, approximating to the mechanical demagnetisation cycle of the Adams motor.
The basic idea behind the POD core, is that the two wind layers on the ring magnet stack, provide
additional potential to the demagetisation cycle taking place on the core. Energy is therefore
continually taken fom the ring maget stack. Te ring maget stack seeks to compensate for this
imbalance in tIl, and draws energy fom the end magnet. Tllis the end maget ends up manifesting
the same anomalous 'in register' properties, as manifested mechanically by the Adams motor.
We did try simply pulsing a stator on the face of a pennanent magnet, but this not not yield
exceptional results. So far as 1am aware, the POD configuration is the only reliable method by
which a penuanent maget can be placed into an exotic state, and easily studied. Other methods
involve placing the magnets within cores, and valious complications that tend to obscure the
physics being manifested.
Implications of Theory For Constction
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Rotor Torqu, Enaceet
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r gap
Windings
1 m
r gap
Stator core
end maget
Fiber washer
Additon of end maget creates an actve fu pat closure
each te the rotor maget yaws to regster
's improves rotor torque under load
Example Adams Motor Patent
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Figune I
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to a novelty in S.L design that both decreases the input required to demagetise the stator zones, as
well as providing for the recovery of input energy from the stator windings. TIl s tmder ceriain load
scenarios, it has been demonstrated sigificant improvements in electrical eficiency can be
obtained over prior ali.
BRIF DESCRIPTION OF TH IENTION
The arrangement of the rotor and stator sections is not critical to te operation of the device, in as
much as a variety of layouts may be used, depending upon the perfonnance requirements of the unit.
If generator functionalit is sought, then advantage may be found in symmetical layouts, with the
stators cOllilected and pulsed in either series or paralleL Fmiher advantage can also be found in
using multiple rotor sections. Commonly two rotor sections, but for muts with a generator bias in
functionally, more may be preferred.
I the case of development for mechanical shaf torque, then asymmetical layouts are generally to
be preferTed, where the number of rotor poles and stator sections are unequaL Examples of such
layouts would be 4 rotor poles and 3 stator sections, 5 rotor poles and 4 stator sections, and 8 rotor
poles and 7 stator sections. These examples assume more rotor poles, in that the stators represent
the greater complexity and cost of construction. However there is no reason why layouts with a
greater number of stators could not be developed, with the number of rotor poles and stators being
tmequal the specifc torque optinusation.
As regards construction of the stators, what is impOliant is that the diameter of the stator cores is
less than the diameter of the rotor magnets. Tus combined with an excessive number of tums on the
stator cores, provides for an integated generator fmctionality. That is to say when the rotor poles
and stator sections are in sync, the feld of the rotor magnet will extend over the stator windings,
lowelng the impedance of the circuitry.
This fmctionality provides for the improved perfrmance of the motor, in as much as a reduction in
the amOlmt of electrical energy required to demagnetise the stator is manifested. The magnitude of
this efect can be correlated with the windings employed, most especially as regards the number of
nmls, exact rotor I stator geometry, and resistance of the coils, where values in the range 6-10 ohms
are to be prefened.
It is a frther characteristic of the motor, that back emf CUents of unusual magnitude are
manifested. This is seen as a fl ow of energy back to the source, afer the input switch is opened.
There are various methods by which this energy m be collected, and some variations of the motor
employ this cment to power secondary stator sections.
However, for most applications, the preferTed embodiment it to route the back emf to a capacitor,
fom where it is distibuted to a load. Typically, the load may be a bank of lead acid batteries, which
can then be pulse charged.
ELECTRICAL MOTOR-GENERATOR
GB22;B270B
DATE OF A PUBLICATION: 12.04.1995
Applicant(s):
Harold Aspden- SOUTHAMPTON, United Kingdom
Robert George Adams-New Zealand
Date of Filing: 30.09.1993
Application No: 9320215.8
INTeL
6
:
H02K 29/0823/5223/66/1 H02K 1127
UKCL(Edition N):
H2A AKC2 AKR 1 AK108 AK120 AK12 1 AK200 AK2'14R AK2 165 AK217R AK302B AK303R AK800
Documents Cited:
GB 0547608 A US 5258697 A US 4972112 A US 4873463 A
Field of Search:
UK CL (Edition M) H2A AKRR AKR1 AKR6 AKR9
INT CL5 H02K 23/62 29/08 29/10 29/12 53/00 57100
ONLINE DATABASES: WPI. CLIMS
Agent and/or Address for Service:
Harold Aspden, SOUTHAMPTON, United Kingdom
PMPL
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OIBlIIyOHC SBOI OlCS OUlIDg OIC SCBlBlOD.
| IHCODjCC lS IO gCHClBC CICCIlCly DyOCl2IIHg ID gCDCIBIOl HOOC HCD ODC COUIO
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CODVCHlODBI OCSIgD Ol HC CICClICBI OWCl gCDCIBIlOH UDCIOD. D HC lB|Cl CBSC I WOUlO
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CODHUIBIIOH SWlCHIDg lODlCDS.
JHC UCSIOD O lOVIOIDg Ol DBCHlHC SBl-U CBD DC BOOlCSSCO Dy USIHg B SCBIBIC
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O SBy WO SBOI OICS HUS Ol CXBDIC WlHHC CIgH SIBIOl OlC CODIgUIBIOD HC
ClOSS-CODDCCCO DBgDClZlHg WIDOIDgSCOUIO DCIIHICO IO IHICC SBOl BIlS WlH WO
SBIOlDBgDCIlZlDgWlHOIDgS lC ICC Ol CODDCCIOD O B UlSCO CXClHBI SUIy SOUlCC
| IHC lBCl CBUIC WClC DOI lCUlICO HCH HO SBOlDBgDCIZlHgWIHOIDgS WOUlO BIl DC
CODDCCCO ID BlIS OD B lUIy OIBDCIlCBlIy O[OSIIC DBSIS JHUS lg. SHOWS B lOOl-SBOl
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UlHCl Ol B DBgHCIC IUX ClOSUlC HB HlHIDlZCS HC ICBKBgC IUX BDO lUCUBIOHS O
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| lS HOCO HB BIIHOUgH B DBCHIHC HBS DCCD OCSClIDCO WHICH USCS WO IOOI SCCIOHS l IS
OSSIDIC O DUIlO B CODOSIIC VClSlOH O HC PBCHIHC HBVlHg SCVClBl lOIOl SCCIOHS. D HC
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IOOI SCCIlOH BIl HBVC B SOUH OlBIIy BHO CICCIlC CIlCUI COHHCClOHS DCWCCD BD ClCCIIIC
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HC DBCHlDC Dy BODI!lHg CUllCH UISCS Ol B OUlBIOD OCClHIDCO BCCOlOIHg O HC
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OIBlIZBIlOH IDOUCCO ID IHC SBOl Dy IHC lOOl OIBlIZBIlOH BS SBOl BHO IOIOl OlCS
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BCIlOH O IHC SBOlDBgDClZBIIOH WIDOlDgS O[OSCS HC COUHCIBl lCIUCBHCC DlBKlHg
CCC BS IHC OICS SCBlBC
Z P HOOl-gCHClBOI BCCOlOIHg O ClBIH 1 WlCIClD HC CllCUI CODDCCIDg IHC ClCCIlIC
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WHICH BlC O SUICICD SlCDgH BHOOUIBIlOD O lOVlOC OCHBgDCIIZBlOH O HC SBIOl OICS
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O P HOOl-gCHClBOI BCCOlOIHg O ClBIH 1 WlCIClD HC CllCUI CODDCCIDg IHC ClCCIlIC
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WHICH BlC O SUICICD SlCDgH BHOOUIBIlOD O lOVlOC B ICVClSBI O HBgDCIIClUX
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BOOIlOHBI OIBlO OlIVC OIQUC.
4 P HOOl-gCHClBOI BCCOlOIHg O ClBIH 1 WlCIClD HC CICCIIC CUlICH SOUlCC CODDCCICO
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CICCIlCBI UISCS IDOUCCO ID HC SBOI HBgDCIZIDg WIDOlHg O B OI!ClCH SCCOHO SBOl
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SCCIOD.
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OICS
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BDU WO BSSCHDlICS O Z SUCH lBHIHBIIOHS OlHIDg IHC IWO IOIOI SCCIlODS
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HC IOIOI BXIS
4 P HOIOl-gCDClBIOI BCCOlOlDg OCIBIH 1 O WHClClH BD BClUICO HCIBI OISCIHBI lS O B
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HC CCDIlIUgBlOlCCSBClHg OH HC ClHBHC HBgDCBS IHC lOOl IOBCS BlC BDSOlDCO
DyIHC SlCSSCS SC U ID IHC OlSC
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BCCS O HC OIHCI lOOl SCCIOD BII HBVC B SOUIH OlBlIy BDO CICCllC CIlCUII COHHCCIODS
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IOOI SCCIlOH BIl HBVC B SOUH OlBIIyBHO CICCIlC CIlCUI COHHCClOHS DCWCCD BD ClCCIIIC
CUllCH SOUlCC BHO HC SBOl DBgHCIZIDg WIOOIDgS BlIBHgCO OlCgUIBIC IHC OCIBIlOH O
HC DBCHlDC Dy BODI!lHg CUllCH UISCS Ol B OUlBIOD OCClDIDCO BCCOlOIHg O HC
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BCIlOH O IHC SBOl DBgDClZBIIOH WIDOlDgS O[OSCS HC COUHCIBl lCIUCBHCC DlBKlHg
CCC BS IHC OICS SCBlBC IHC DBCHIHC DCIDg CHBlBCIClIZCO IH HB HC SBIOI CODIISCS
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WHICH COHSlUC SBIOl OICS BHO HC COlC SCC IOHS O WHICH lOVlOC CIOSS-SCCIIOH
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DBgDCIlZlHg HCBDS
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BS HC SBOI BHO lOIOl OlCS SCBIBC lOH BO ID-lCgISCl OSlIOD.
O P HOOl-gCHClBOI BCCOlOIHg O ClBID 1 WlCIClD HC CllCUI CODDCCIDg IHC ClCCIlIC
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WHICH BlC O SUICICD SlCDgH BHOOUIBIlOD O lOVlOC B ICVClSBI O HBgDCIIClUX
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BOOIlOHBI OIBlO OlIVC OIQUC.
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