(a) Substations: - Extent of land required & cost of civil works (such as leveling, fencing, control room, switchyard,

foundation for structures and equipment, drains and cable ducts. - Cost of transformers (Number and capacity), Reactors (Number and capacity) - Cost of Reactive compensation devices, switch gear (including Circuit Breakers, - Instrument transformers, [CTs & VTs], isolators, LAS, marshaling boxes - Cost of Control&Relay panels, communication PLCC/optic fiber (terminal equipments), - Batteries and charging system, Cost of automation equipment, Cost of Earthing & lighting, Cost of auxiliaries such as generator sets for standby supplies, station supply devices, fire fighting system. Ex: emulsifier, repair bay - Cost of labor for erection, testing and commissioning - Cost of spares for O&M for 5 years - Cost of contingencies @ 3% - Cost of administration charges (covering, establishment, loss on storage, audit and inspection, T&P) (b) Lines: - Cost of preliminary and detailed survey (Total Kilometres x Cost per kilometre) including cost of GPS survey if proposed. - Cost of steel required MT (MT per kilometre x Total kilometres). - Size and cost of conductor (Kilometeres x Number of circuits x number of conductors per phase in each circuit). - Size and cost of ground wire/OPGW [if fiber optic communication is proposed] / kilometre x No. of kilometres Note: A little extra over the actual length to be proposed for sag - Cost of civil works viz. soil investigation, foundation including re-enforcements, shoring and shuttering. - Cost of erection of towers, stringing including ground /OPGW - Cost of earthing Acquire land required (for Substation) and conduct preliminary / Reconnoitory / GPS survey for transmission lines, ( for the connecting transmission lines / inter connecting transmission lines ) proposed in the project. The construction units concerned in the field will initiate steps for acquisition of suitable land for the substations and for conducting preliminary surveys for transmission lines. After conducting preliminary/GPS surveys, various route proposals containing salient features, such as, habitations, topography, forest involved if any, railway/road crossings, telecom / major power line crossing etc are to be sent by the field units. Route approval for the selected route Carry out detailed survey including soil classification through reputed surveyors The line profile also be finalized including type of towers and classification of foundations as per soil testing

Conduct survey of the identified land for Substation and submit contour maps and the site cum electrical lay out for the proposed substations The detailed contour levels of the proposed sub-station shall also be taken through a professional Surveyor The sub-station yard level shall be at proximate road level Finalize the levels for switch yard, control room, fencing etc taking into consideration future expansions Leveling, foundation, control room, fencing, internal roads & drainages. PLCC, optic fibre, and interfacing panels in case of automation Action to acquire the land identified for Substation shall be initiated soon after the administrative approval; and land acquired before the work is awarded to save time and avoid delays and consequential escalations in costs during execution. Likewise, reconnoitary/GPS survey for transmission lines shall be carried out immediately after administrative approval and a route selected; so that detailed survey can be taken up immediately. While conducting survey, enumeration of trees and assessment of crop damage is made to compute compensation requirements. Also soil investigation may be made in different reaches of the line, where the earth strata are likely to vary. This will help in identifying and designing proper foundation for structures/towers and avoid major deviations in execution . As the above works cost a small proportion of the total project cost, and carrying out these works before hand; will ultimately result in saving in time and cost over runs, they may be funded from the internal resources initially and adjusted after fund tie up for the project is made. Detailed estimate covers the cost of all the materials required for the project, labour, transportation, taxes, contingencies, establishment and general charges such as insurance, audit, loss on storage, tool & plant, spares for O&M, cost of land incase of SS, tree & Crop compensation in case of transmission lines etc. The following are the guidelines in preparation of cost data for materials. Cost of pervious purchase of materials (Basic price + duties + taxes) updated with respective prevailing and accepted indices, statutory variations in duties, taxes and insurance, prevailing a month prior to preparation of detailed estimate. Prevailing market price. For this purpose quotation for the basic rates, taxes and duties may be obtained from various standard manufacturers Obtaining latest purchase rates duly updated with acceptable variation formulae for similar (and preferably identical) items from other power utilities in the neighborhood. Substations are important points for controlling supply of power on different routes by means of various equipment such as transformers, compensating equipment, circuit breakers, instrument transformers, isolators etc. The various circuits are joined together through these components to bus bar systems at the substations. Prime requisite of a good substation layout is that it should be as economical as possible in terms of land, material and labour. The layout should ensure desired degree of flexibility, reliability, ease of operation & maintenance and safety of

operation and maintenance personnel. Site limitation is one of the important considerations in deciding the type of layout of a substation. It should be free from all obstructions for terminating high voltage transmission lines. Site should be accessible to the public road to facilitate transport of plant and equipment. While planning the layout and orientation of an EHV substation, provision should be made for installation of towers for incoming /outgoing lines and this aspect should be considered simultaneously and provision made accordingly in the construction of associated transmission lines. Provision for future extension of substation also shall be considered in the design of layout. The line and transformer bays sequence should be fixed minimizing the possibility of over loading bus-bars and connecting conductor. Recommended Clearances All electrical equipment in a substation shall be designed to withstand power frequency voltage of network; temporary over voltages at power frequency caused by sudden loss of load and / or earth faults; switching over voltages and lightning over voltages.