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ALIRAN BAHAN

PLO minggu 3 Shyntia Atica Putri, STP, M.Sc

ALIRAN MATERIAL

Penerimaan Susu Segar

Raw Milk Tank (60 ton)

PHE (Pasteurizer) 90oC

Evap Milk Tank (60 ton)

Evaporator 3 efek

Pasteur Milk Tank (100 ton)

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Productivity is best served by an efficient flow of the elements that move through the facility. A primary objective in planning an efficient enterprise is to provide for element flows that will facilitate the efficient movement of the elements through the activities

SUCCESS OF ENTERPISE

MINIMUM COST OF PRODUCTION EFFICIENT OPERATIONS

EFFECTIVE ARRANGEMENT OF PHYSICAL FACILITIES

PROPERLY PLANNED MATERIALS FLOW

Important of the material flow pattern

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The material flow pattern becomes the foundation for not only the basic design of the facility, but for the overall efficiency of the entire operation. The overall success of an enterprise or at least its profitability, is a direct reflection of the effort that goes into the flow planning

Advantages of planned material flow:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Increased efficiency of production, productivity Better utilization of floor space Simplified handling activities Better equipment utilization, less idle time Reduced in-process time Reduced in-process inventory More efficient utilization of work force Reduced product damage Minimal accident hazards

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10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Reduced walking distances Reduced traffic congestion in aisles Basis for an efficient layout Easier supervision Simplified production control Minimal back-tracking Smooth production flow Improved scheduling process Reduced crowded condition Better housekeeping Logical work sequece

Factors for consideration in PMF:

1.

2.

Material or product: characteristics, volume of production, number of different parts, number of operations, storage requirements Moves: frequency, speed, volume, scope, area, distances, sources, destinations, cross traffic, required flow between work areas, location of receiving and shipping

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3.

4.

Handling methods: unit handled, possible use of gravity, MH principles, desired flexibility, equipment required, possible alternatives, preliminary MH plans. Process: type, sequence of operations, possibility of performing during move, specific requirements of activities, product vs. process layout, quantity of equipment, space requirements, number of sub-assemblies

5.

6. 7.

Building: size, shape, type, number of floor, location of doors, location of columns, aisle width or location, ceiling height, desired location of department Site: topography, transportation facilities, expansion possibilities Personnel: number, movement, safety, working conditions, supervisory requirements

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8.

Miscellaneous: location of auxiliary services and activities, possible damage to materials, cost of implementation, production control, flexibility, expandability, levels of activity.

General flow patterns

Straight line

Serpentine or zig-zag

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U-shaped

Circular

Odd-angle

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Material flow pattern

Horizontal flow system Vertical flow system

Conventional techniques for analyzing MF:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Assembly chart Operation process chart Multi-product process chart String diagram Process chart Flow diagram Flow process chart From-to chart Procedure chart Critical Path Method

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Assembly chart

Material A Produk 1 Material B Material D Produk 3

Produk 2

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10

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11

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Flow diagram

Flow diagram
25 3 4

12

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13

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Quantitative techniques for analyzing MF:

1. 2. 3.

4.
5. 6. 7. 8.

9.
10. 11.

Linear programming technique Assignment problems Transportation programming problems Transshipment programming problems The traveling salesman problem Integer programming technique Dynamic programming technique Level curve technique Queuing theory technique Conveyor analysis Simulation

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