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AtomsMatterMolecules - FINAL
AtomsMatterMolecules - FINAL
Observations
Direct evidence obtained through use of the senses.
Inference
A hypothesis, drawn from observations, that attempts to explain or to make sense of the observations
ATOM
The smallest particle into which an element may be divided and still be the same substance.
ATOM
The
smallest part you can break Hydrogen (an element) into and still have Hydrogen.
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space. Energy is NOT matter
ELEMENT
All elements are on the Periodic Table All matter is made of an element or a combination of elements Hydrogen, Oxygen, Gold
A
substance that consists of only one kind of atom and that cannot be chemically separated into other substances.
Elements:
E l e m e n t s c a n n o t b e changed into simpler substances by any chemical process. E l e m e n t s a r e m a d e u p of atoms.
Elements:
simplest kind of matter Cannot be broken down into simpler All one kind of atom. There are 109 of these known to man
Types of matter
Compounds -
m tha
Compounds:
substances
that can be broken down by chemical methods When they are broken down, the pieces have completely different properties than the compound. Made of molecules- two or more atoms
Compounds:
They are pure substances put together by chemically combining elements Not all combinations of elements are compounds though some can be mixtures!
So remember
There are 109 different kinds of elements 1-109 = atomic # of the elements.
Solutions:
Solutions - A special
Solutions:
Air is a of Steel is of
Solutions
Homogeneous mixture Mixed molecule by molecule Can occur between any state of matter.
Solid in liquid- Kool-aid Liquid in liquid- antifreeze Gas in gas- air Solid in solid - brass Liquid in gas- water vapor
Like all mixtures, they keep the properties of the components. Can be separated by physical means Do not scatter light! Not easily separated but can be separated.
Solutions
#2. Distillation: Process used to drive vapor from liquid by heating Great for separating two or more liquids which have different boiling points.
MIXTURE
When different parts of a mixture can no longer be separated into simpler substances, we call each component a PURE SUBSTANCE
Heterogeneousmixture is not the same from place to place. Chocolate chip cookie, gravel, soil.
Mixtures:
Matter that consists of two or more substances mixed together: but not chemically combined or bonded. Examples: concrete, Sea Water, a bag full of different colored marbles..
Heterogeneous Mixture: a mixture that does not appear the same throughout. (the individual substances are visible). Ex. Soil, Raisin Brand, Chicken Noodle Soup.
Heterogeneous Mixture: a mixture that appears uniform throughout. (well mixed). Ex. Stainless Steel (Cr, Fe),
Types of matter
Properties of Mixtures:
E
ach substance retains its own properties. S u b s t a n c e s c a n b e sent in any amount. S u b s t a n c e s c a n b e separated by simple p h y s i c a l m e a n s.
pre
Which is it?
Element
Which is it?
COMPOUND
Water is a compound formed from two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom chemically combined. H20
Which is it?
MIXTURE
1. Water
2. Salt
1. Compound
2. Compound
3. Oxygen
4. Dirt 5. Air
3. Element
4. Mixture
5. Solution
6. Copper
6. Element 7. Solution/Mixture
7. Coke
8. Steel 9. Rain 10. Ice-cream
8. Solution 9. Mixture
10. Mixture
MOLECULE
Particle of matter that is made up of two or more atoms.
MOLECULE
The
smallest part you can break water (a compound) into and still have water.
Mass heavy
nucleus heavy
energy levels very light
Atomic Number
The number of protons in the nucleus
17
Cl
Chlorine
35.453
Atomic Mass
The number of protons PLUS the number of neutrons
17
Cl
Chlorine
35.453
17
Atomic
Cl
Chlorine
35.453
17 p+ 18 n0