Fabric Mechanics and Properties Lecture 01: 22nd September 2012

Definition of fabric: 1. Fabric is a kind of basic textile materials made of fibres and or yarns in the form of thick or thin sheet. 2. Fabric or cloth is a kind of supple sheet materials which is made up of a network (nonwoven) / interlacement / interlocking of natural or artificial fibres or yarns.

What are the required characteristics of fabric? Definition of mechanics: 1. The branch of physics that is concerned with the analysis of action of forces on another or materials system. 2. The science of designing, constructing and operating /using /taking care of materials. 3. Machines refer to the study of the behavior of systems under the action of forces. 4. The science of the action of force on material bodies. 5. The branch of physical science that deals with energy and forces and their effect on bodies.

Assignment: 1. Definition of fabric. 2. Definition of mechanics. 3. Definition of fabric mechanics. Definition of mechanic: A person skilled in making, using, and repairing a m/c /tool/ engine. Components of mechanics: Mechanics can be sub-divided into statics, equilibrium and dynamics. It can also be sub-divided as: 1. Statics (deals with the bodies at rest) and

Fabric Mechanics and Properties 2. Dynamics (deal with the bodies in motion) concerned with the equilibrium or motion of bodies in particular frame of reference. Dynamics is further divided into: a. Kinematics ( Description of motion without ranged to its cause) b. Kinetics ( explanation of changes in motion without regard to its cause) 3. Equilibrium

Branches of mechanics: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Yarn mechanics. Fabric mechanics Solid mechanics. Fluid mechanics. Quantum mechanics. Wave mechanics. Statistical mechanics.

Classification of fabrics: What are the different methods of fabric production.

Fabric

Woven

Non-woven

Others

Biaxial

Triaxial

Knitted

Felted/ Bonded

Special fabric

Warp knit

Weft knit

1) Parallel Laid 2) Cross laid 3) Combined laid

Fabric Mechanics and Properties Engineering Approaches To Textile Structures End Use End Use requirement/ Functional Requirement Fabric Properties

Yarn Properties

Fabric Structure Fabric Design & Construction

Fabric Finishing

Fibre Properties

Yarn Structure (Card, combed, ring, rotor,friction,Airjet spg etc.)

Molecular Properties

Fibre Structure

Chemical Content

Molecular Structure

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Mechanical Mech-chemical Calandering. 1. Compacting. (Stentering) 2. Sanforizing. 3. Raising & Shearing 4. Pitch finishing (woven) Sueding Finishing (knit) Etc.

Chemical Scouring. Bleaching. Mercerizing. Etc.

Assignment: Illustrate Fabric mechanics changes with the construction of the fabric.