International Indexed & Refferred Research Journal, October 2012, ISSN 0975-3486, RNI- RAJBAL 2009/30097: VoL IV *ISSUE- 37

Research Paper Gujarati

Social Novelist: C. V. Shah

* Dr. Jitendra Kharadi October,2012 * Dept. of Gujarati, Valia Arts & Mehta Commerce College, Bhavnagar, Gujarat.
The place of C. V. Shah's novels in the development of Gujarati novels is of peculiar type. He was the writer of Gandhian age. Shree Shah has given social, detective, translated and transformed novels. C. V. Shah has given about 25 novels at Social novels field, in which about 3 novels have been newly edited. The Novels named 'Nyayna Khunma Neeti' was reedited as 'Dharma Bhagini' in 1958 A.D. The novels named 'Nagna Satya' and 'Var Ke Par ?' are reedited on the same title. Hardly any change can be seen in the plot. The author has given richer and more powerful novels in the past half than in the beginning period. Gradually cultivated his pen (writing) has become matured in the later half of life and that is why his novels 'Chhash ane Makhan', 'Sandhikal', 'Ek Malana Tran Pankhi', 'Kantak Chhayo Panth' etc creations have got govt. awards. It is not possible that all the novels among social novels may be of equal quality; because the author himself says that he is not thoroughly proficient writer and literature but gradually cultivated literature. He completed the last novel at the age of 75. His observation of society in social novels is so deep and various that high respects may arise for his learning. Shree C. V. Shah has written novels from 1905 to 1962 A.D. He has become successful in voicing social problems of that period. Shree Shah along with increasing his age, remaining active, contributed at the various fields of literature, having retired from journalism field, he is seen contributing so enthusiastically at the literary field that the youth may be ashamed of it. Two films also have been produced from his two social novels, 'Nokarino Umedvar' (a candidate of service, employment) and 'Gigar ane Ami' which proves his success and excellence. 'Vimla' is the author's first social novel published in 1905 A.D. It is the novel written under the influence of the drama 'Himmat Vijay' written by Anantprasad Vaishnav. The writer created this one at the age of 15. It was published after his passing S.S.C. Exam. He shows the path of real improvement to the men and women trapped in wrong improvement through his novel 'Sudhareli Sangeeta'. 'Lata and Lalita' is a novel conveying the best message of the world. The novel 'Bhagya Chakrano Mahamantra' throws light upon the youth trapped in the cycle of misfortune and 'Nokarino Umedvar' throws light about social problem of the youth being learnt English language. The novel 'Nyayna Khoonma Neeti' is a novel narrating the lawyer's intrigues & human life. 'Vichitra Prempankhini' is a novel showing how the spinsters (unmarried girls) start flying an imaginary love-excitement being attracted by an artificial loveepisode where as 'Jyot Ane Jwala' presents pure love exhibition as a principal subject. It is seen in the novel 'Nagna Satya' (naked truth) what kind of wonderful games the hero of the plot watches & enjoys by his capacity to examine the naked truth experienced by himself having entered into many person's heart. The sound of the novel 'Var Ke Par ?' is consisted in the famous sentence of Nanalal. "He is the husband who recognizes the soul and he is alien who does not recognize it." There is an inspirative story of an educated and brilliant girls conflict and experiences chanting great charm of development of life in the novel 'Vikas'. The author has taken resort to a story of English play writer H. G. Wells in the novel 'Vilochana' yet it is applied well in our social life. Here Lochan's physical beauty is not meant but his peculiar power of vision is meant. Famous real eventful love-story has been narrated in the novel 'Jigar Ane Ami'. Sorrowful experience and miracle are especially worth attention in this novel. 'Pranay Ane Parinay' is a novel weaving various puzzles of marriage. Different types of two situations have been put before the readers in this novel. First situation-love after marriage and the next marriage after love. 'Bhasmarekha' is a heart piercing tragic novel based on real incidents. The author has tried enough in 'Tapovan' to evaluate the new. Romantic efforts of hearts pining for pure love in 'Haiyani Vat' become attractive one. 'Vishachakra' referring to 'Tapovan', yet it is a story narrating world life of wartime beautifully and independently. When the British govt. executed 93rd act at the time of 2nd world war, what type of malpractice and mismanagement was going on in rationing its history is shown in this interesting and useful novel. The words 'butter milk' and 'butter' are significantly used in the

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International Indexed & Refferred Research Journal, October 2012, ISSN 0975-3486, RNI- RAJBAL 2009/30097: VoL IV *ISSUE- 37

novel 'Chhash Ane Makhan' can be said. The author presents a big thinking by metaphor. The author discusses about butter in the form of knowledge acquired by various is conflict and experiences. 'Sandhikaal' presents the story of juncture of old and new age as the author's 70th Creation. It is an interesting social novel expressing struggle about arrival of new thoughts and evaluation of old in new at all the fields of life after the requisition of independence. 'Ek Malana Tran Pankhi' spread in two parts, the objective of the social novel is unlike his former novel 'Sandhikal'. Difference of ideology, behavior and conflict arisen from them seeming in the transition period has become subject matter of this story unlike that story. The real picture of middle group human beings of that period has been incarnated in this story sufficiently. There is a peculiarity of novelty of form and plot arrangement method in 'Manojavan'. The author himself a character of the story, all the characters of the story and combination of plots are kept at his hand till the end of the story. This method is welcome some as a new experiment but no charm or joy is found of natural reference in it. C. V. Shah started writing 'Kantak Chhayo Panth' in 1956 and it was finished after five years. The author has taken a vast time span in the novel divided into four parts. Once a man is stuck in the cycle of poison (mal practice), he cannot come out of it. This can be seen through manycharacters. The pictures given suitable to the events in the midst in the initial novels. There had been a tradition in practice to apply such pictures at that time. Such pictures are seen in the novels like 'Bhagya Chakrano Mahamantra', 'Nokarino Umedvar', 'Nyayna Khoonma Neeti', 'Lata Ane Lalita', 'Vichitra Prempankhini' etc. Application of such pictures can be seen abolished

gradually. Such pictures are not seen in the author's novels as creations in his later period.The social novels written in the later period have been written at length. Sometimes the novel progresses in four or five parts. So, the reader, experiences lacking interest 'Sandhikal', 'Nagna Satya', 'Jyot Ane Jwala', 'Chhash Ane Makhan', 'Jigar Ane Ami', 'Var Ke Par ?', 'Pranay Ane Parinay', 'Vikas', 'Ek Malana Tran Pankhi', 'Kantak Chhayo Panth', 'Vishanu Chakra' etc. Social novels can be said very long. If we search the reason for giving such long creations i.e. novels, we can say that these novels were written in the writer's later half of his life. So, the author has a vast treasure of experience secondly, the author's pen (writing) has been cultivated & matured by writing and thirdly, an objective is kept in mind that the children may get a store of his thoughts. Sometimes it can be seen that the beauty of the creation is harmed while filling many thoughts in the novel. The creation is seen weakened when all the social problems of that time are tried to be woven in the creation. The author has successfully created attraction even in factual eventful novels. 'Jigar Ane Ami' and 'Bhasmarekha' can be put in that category. 'Jigar Ane Ami' had become debatable much at that time. The author's introduction became profound after this novel. The author became well known by this novel in Gujarati literature 'Jigar Ane Ami' can be considered his best creation. Thus, overall we can say that shree C. V. Shah has established his individual introduction in social novels skillfully. It can be surely said that shree Shah's contribution is worth becoming immemorial in the field of Gujarati social novels.

R E F E R E N C E
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Editor- Joshi Umashankar, Raval Anantray, Shukla Yashavant(1981) Gujarati Sahityano Itihas Granth-4, Gujarati Sahitya Parishad-Ahmedabad, Page- 504, 505, 506. Trivedi Dr. Ramesh M.(1993-'94) Arvachin Gujarati Sahityano Itihas, Aadarsh Prakashan- Ahmedabad, Page- 249, 250. Main Editor Topivala Chandrakant(1990) Gujarati Sahityakosh Khand-2 Arvachinkal, Gujarati Sahitya ParishadAhmedabad,Page- 576. Patel Dr. Ranjit M.(Anami), Pandya Pro. Ramchandra N.(1980) Arvachin Gujarati Sahitya Swarupono Vikas, Gurjar Granthratna Karyalay-Ahmedabad, Pag-83. Petlikar Iswar(20th May-1962), 'Kantak Chhayo Panth', Prajabandhu, Page-03. Shukla Pro. Ramprasad(1950) ) Gujarat Sahitya Sabhani Karyavahi Sane -1948-1949, Gujarat Sahitya Sabha-Ahmedabad., page -81, 82. Sundaram(1965) Avalokana, R. R. Shethani Company- Ahmedabad, Page- 441, 442. Zala pra. Gauiriprasad C.(1976) Akshara, Ashok Prakashan Mandir- Allahabad, Page-120. Bucha Hasit H.(1969) Anvay, Gurjar Granthratna Karyalay-Ahmedabad, Pag-298. Munshi Kanaiyalal(April-1955) Shikshan Ane Sahitya, Page- 127. Dave Pro. Indravadan K.(May-1961) Urmi-Navrachana, Page- 67.

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