Course

Lesson Number 1

LessonTitle

Author

Date

ComputerFundamentals

Motherboard&CPU

ManyaChylinski

9Nov2012

STANDARDSCOVERED

1. 2. 3.

Studentswilldemonstrateknowledgeofthehardwarecomponentsassociatedwithinformationsystems. Studentswillidentifycomputerclassificationsandhardware. StudentswilldescribethefunctionofCPUs.

PREPAREPHASE LessonText ForWriter:Pleasetypetextforstudenttoreadinastandard,nonboldfont. ForID:Describethemediayouarerequesting.ForShutterstockimages,copythenpastetheimageinthiscolumn.Pleasedescribeothermediatypesbytextorstoryboard.Beas clearandspecificaspossible.Usetheadditionalspaceattheendofthisdocumentifneeded.Identifythemediaitemusingthefollowingformat:<<IMAGE>>,<<CHART>>, <<SLIDESHOW>>,<<ANIMATION>>,<<VIDEO>>,ETC.

Thoughcomputingtechnologyinmechanicalformatsexistedforafewhundredyearsbeforethe20thcentury,themachinethatisconsideredby manytobethefirstelectroniccomputerENIAC(ElectronicNumericalIntegratorandComputer)wasbuiltin1946bytheU.S.Army.This computerfilledanentireroomandusedvacuumtubesandcrystaldiodes.Bythe1970s,engineershaddesignedthefirstcomputerssmallenough tofitonadeskusingmicroprocessors.Thiswasthebeginningofaparadigmshiftinourpersonalandworklives.ITdepartmentsandcomputerhelp desktechniciansallovertheworldaretheindividualswhohelptherestofusmaintainourpersonalcomputers. Thislessonintroducesyoutothestructureandfunctionofthemotherboardandprocessor,andwhythesearethemostimportantcomponentsof apersonalcomputer.Youwilllearnhowthemotherboardformsthefoundationofapersonalcomputer,theroleofthecentralprocessingunit (CPU),andhowthechipsetcontrolsthecomputer.

WHATYOUSHOULDKNOW LessonText ForWriter:Outlineanyprerequisitesrequired,informationthestudentshouldknow,orfoundationalconceptsnecessarytolearnthiscontent. ForID: Mediasupportisnotneededit. ForProduction:<h4>Whatyoushouldknow</h4>

Forthetopicsinthislesson,youshouldbefamiliarwiththefundamentalsofcomputertechnologyandpersonalcomputers.Inaddition,itisuseful tohaveabasicunderstandingofelectronicsanddigitalcircuitry. Ifyouarenotfamiliarwiththesetopics,beforeyoubeginyoumayview: InventionofthePC: http://www.history.com/topics/inventionofthepc HowPCsWork: http://www.howstuffworks.com/pc.htm BinaryNumbers http://www.khanacademy.org/science/computerscience/v/binarynumbers

OBJECTIVES LessonText ForWriter:OutlinetheLessonObjectivesthatwillbeaddressed. ForID: Mediasupportisnotneededit. ForProduction:<objectives><objective> </objective></objectives>

Aftercompletingthislessonthestudentwillbeabletoidentifymajorpersonalcomputerhardwarecomponentsandtheirfunctionsand understandhowinputandoutputdevicesconnecttothemotherboardandworkwiththeCPU.

VOCABULARY

LessonText ForWriter:Keywordsthatarerelevanttothecontentandthatexpandthestudentsknowledgeofthissubject.Theymustbealphabeticallylisted,lowercase,original definitions,shouldbeusedinthecontentofthelesson,noendpunctuation. ForID: Mediasupportisnotneededit. ForProduction:<vocab_list><vocab_itemgroup="1"><vocab_word>word</vocab_word><vocab_sound>voc_word.mp3</vocab_sound><vocab_definition>definition</ vocab_definition></vocab_item></vocab_list>

KeywordDefinition binarynumbers bus centralprocessingunit chip chipset CPU DIP dualinlinepackageswitch formfactor GHz gigahertz motherboard processor RAM randomaccessmemory readonlymemory ROM base2numericalsystem;asystemofnumbersusingonly0sand1s networkofcircuitryonamotherboardorchip thechipthanrunsthebasicoperationsofthecomputer anintegratedcircuitetchedontosemiconductivematerial groupofchipsbuiltintothemotherboard seecentralprocessingunit seedualinlinepackageswitch physicalon/offswitchonacomputercomponent;alsocalledDIP thetermusedtodescribetheshapeandlayoutofacomputercomponentsuchasa motherboardorharddrive seegigahertz onebillioncyclespersecond primarycircuitboardofacomputer,thathousesthepowersupplyandcentral processingunit achipwhopurposeistohandledatainputsandoutputs seerandomaccessmemory chipthatstoresdatathatcanbeaccessedfromanywhereinapproximatelythesame amountoftime chiponthemotherboardthatholdsinstructionsforthecomputertostartup seereadonlymemory

DELIVERANDPRACTICEPHASE LessonText ForWriter:Pleasetypetextforstudenttoreadinastandard,nonboldfont. ForID:Describethemediayouarerequesting.ForShutterstockimages,copythenpastetheimageinthiscolumn.Pleasedescribeothermediatypesbytextorstoryboard.Beas clearandspecificaspossible.Usetheadditionalspaceattheendofthisdocumentifneeded.Identifythemediaitemusingthefollowingformat:<<IMAGE>>,<<CHART>>, <<SLIDESHOW>>,<<ANIMATION>>,<<VIDEO>>,ETC. ForProductiononly:forimages<imgsrc=name.jpgalign=right/>forslideshows,selfcheckoranyimagethatisbiggerthan300px: <palign="center"><mmrefident="mmxx "height="xx"width="xx"/></p>Remembertoalsochangethe<references><multimediarefsident="mm1"type="flash">self_checkl10.swf</multimediarefs></references>at thebeginningofthexml.

Sincetheearly20thcentury,electroniccomputingtechnologyhasevolvedrapidlyanditcontinuestodoso.GordonMoore,cofounderofIntel,is perhapsmorefamousinthemindsofmostforstatingwhathasbecomeknownasMooresLaw:Thenumberoftransistorsincorporatedinachip willapproximatelydoubleevery24months.Astransistorsgetsmallerandmoreofthemareputontomicroprocessingchips,computersare gettingfasterandmorepowerful.SoMoorewasessentiallystatingthatevery24months,computerswillgetfasterandfaster.Somepeopleargue thatthetimespaniscloserto18monthsthan24,buttheprincipleremains:computertechnologyisevolvingrapidly. Whatdoesthismeanforthepeoplewhotakecareofpersonalanddesktopcomputers?Foronething,itmeansthatatanygiventimetherearea numberofdifferentcomputingtechnologiesthatIT(informationtechnology)departmentsandcomputerhelpdesksmustmaintain.Acomputer thatisonlyayearortwooldmayhavesignificantlydifferentinternalworkingsthanabrandnewcomputerpulledoutoftheboxthismorning.And thecomputeryoubuynextsummerwillhavesmallerprocessors,fasterspeeds,andpossiblydifferentchips,slots,andhardwarethatthatsame newcomputeryoujustputonthedesktoday. TheITsupportteamisthelifelineforeverybusinessthatusescomputers,whichisalmosteverysingleonethesedays.Withtherapidspeedof evolutionofmicroprocessorsanddesktopcomputingtechnology,itiscriticalthathelpdesksupportpersonnelunderstandboththephysicaland logicalstructureofcomputersandinformationsystemsandthattheyunderstandhowtomaintainhardware,software,andentiresystems. Whetheryouarerequiredtobuildanewcomputerfromscratch,replaceorupgradeelementsofanexistingsystem,ortroubleshootproblems withthecomputer,anunderstandingofthephysicalstructureofapersonal,ordesktop,computer,isoneofthemostfundamentalelementsa helpdeskemployeeneedstounderstand.Andthemostfundamentalelementofacomputeristhemotherboard.Apersonalcomputerwouldnot beacomputerwithoutone.Thoughlaptops,tabletcomputers,andsmartphoneshavemotherboardsandprocessors,wearelimitingour discussionprimarilytodesktopcomputers. Motherboard[H1] Themotherboard(alsosometimescalledasystemboardorlogicboard)isthesinglemostimportantcomponentofacomputer.Itiswhatenables thecomputerscomponentstocommunicatewitheachother.Itisalargecircuitboardmoldedfiberglassusuallyabout0.062(1.57mm)thick, printedwithelectricalconductors,andhometothecomputerspowersupply.Theelectricalconductorsaremadeofcopperandformthe pathwaysthatenabledataandelectricalcurrenttotravelbetweenthecomponents.

SELFCHECKACTIVITY LessonText ForID:TobedevelopedbytheInstructionalDesigner;multipleformatsare:Multiplechoice,True/False,MultipleResponse,Fillintheblank,matchingdraganddrop,matching dropdown,sequencedraganddrop. Begintypingtexthere.

SUMMARYPHASE LessonText ForWriter:Inthissection,youwillhighlighttheconceptsthathavebeenaddressedinthislesson.Thisisnotarepeatofthelessonobjectives,butconcisesummaryofthe essentialcomponentsofthelesson.

Ascomputertechnologygetsfasterandchipsandotherhardwarethatgoesintothemgetssmaller,thedemandforexperiencedcomputer supportpersonnelwillcontinuetogrow.WiththebasicsaboutthemotherboardandCPUthatyoulearnedinthischapter,youarebuildinga foundationofknowledgeabouthowpersonalcomputersfunction.Withthisknowledge,youcancontinueontolearnmoreaboutthecomputer operations. Iftheideaofhelpingpeoplesetup,troubleshoot,andrepaircomputersisintriguing,consideracertificationsuchasA+,PCRepair.Asyou continuethroughthiscourse,youwillgetanintroductiontomanyoftheindepthtopicsyouneedtostudytoqualifyforthatcertification. Inthislesson,youlearnedabout:

Themotherboardandtheroleitplaysinthefunctioninganddesignofthecomputer Thefunctionofthechipset Thefunctionofthecentralprocessingunit

REFERENCES ReferenceText ForWriter:Listallreferencesusedindevelopingthecontentinalphabeticalorder.

HowMicroprocessorsWork,HowStuffWorks,http://computer.howstuffworks.com/microprocessor.htm HowMotherboardsWork,HowStuffWorks,http://computer.howstuffworks.com/motherboard.htm HowPCsWork,HowStuffWorks,http://computer.howstuffworks.com/pc.htm www.formfactors.org MooresLawandIntelInnovation,http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/history/museumgordonmoorelaw.html LearningAbutComputers,http://www.learningaboutcomputers.com/tutorials/processor.shtml AllAboutMotherboards,chapterinA+GuidetoHardware:Managing,MaintainingandTroubleshooting,5thEditionbyJeanAndrews,http:// academic.cengage.com/resource_uploads/downloads/1435487389_223131.pdf A+CertificationforDummies

PROJECTBASEDASSESSMENTS ProjectText ForWriter:Theremustbe(2)projectbasedassessmentsforevery3lessons.Eachprojectbasedassessmentshouldinclude: 1. 2. 3. 4. Assignmentdirections Assignmentguidelines Submissionrequirements TeacherRubric

Noprojectforlesson1.

ASSESSMENTPHASE LessonQuiz:10questions Typeofquestions:Fillintheblank,matching,multiplechoice,multipleselect,TrueorFalse,TextMultipleChoice,andParagraph(ShortAnswer/Essay).

Begintypingtexthere.

ASSESSMENTPHASE ChapterQuiz:25questions Typeofquestions:Fillintheblank,matching,multiplechoice,multipleselect,TrueorFalse,TextMultipleChoice,andParagraph(ShortAnswer/Essay). Begintypingtexthere.

ASSESSMENTPHASE UnitTest:35questions Typeofquestions:Fillintheblank,matching,multiplechoice,multipleselect,TrueorFalse,TextMultipleChoice,andParagraph(ShortAnswer/Essay). Begintypingtexthere.

ADDITIONALMEDIASUPPORT ForInstructionalDesigner Usethisspacetodescribeadditionalmediarequiringstoryboards,screenshotsorcustomgraphics.Pleasebeasclearandspecificaspossible.BesuretoIdentifythelocationof themediaiteminthelessontextusingthefollowingformat:<<IMAGE>>,<<CHART>>,<<SLIDESHOW>>,<<ANIMATION>>,<<VIDEO>>,ETC. Begintypingtexthere.