Synopsis

Title Electronic

stick for Blind

Features
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Obstacles detecting using IR proximity detectors. Wireless design using RF link. Audio playback on detection of obstacles. Low power consumption. Compact due to use of microcontroller. Simple and low cost.

Block Diagram Receiver

RF Rx

DECODER

ATMEL 89C2051

Audio playback Unit

6V Battery

Transmitter

RF Tx

ENCODER

IR PROXIMITY DETECTOR

6V Battery

Description
Micro controller-AT89C51 The AT89C51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmels high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry- standard 80C51 instruction set and pinout. Features: 4K Bytes of Programmable Flash Memory Endurance: 1000 Write/Erase Cycles 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM 32 Programmable I/O Lines Full Duplex UART Serial Channel Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz Vital role of micro controller in Electronic stick for blind The micro controller is programmed to read the detection signal from decoder and activates the audio playback unit.

In order to do all the activities a program (sequence of instruction) must be written for the microcontroller. This program is called firmware. In order to execute the program, Microcontroller requires basic configuration like 5V regulated power supply, clock, and reset circuit. Audio playback unit, play the pre-stored audio when the obstacles is detected. This unit is driven by microcontroller. IR proximity detector unit detects the objects from the range of 3 meters. Microcontroller and ICs requires 5V regulated power supply, which is obtained from 230V AC by using step down transformer , rectifier, filter and regulators.
Encoder

Encoder takes the data from microcontroller, then encodes it with the locally configured address and then it sends to RF transmitter in serial format. Decoder Decoder receives the data from RF receiver in serial format, and then decodes the frame into address and data. The received address is compared with locally configured address, if the match is fund; a logical high signal is generated at VT pin.
Regulated Power supply: The microcontroller and other devices get power supply from AC to Dc adapter through 7805, 5 volts regulator. The adapter output voltage will be 12V DC non regulated. The 7805/7812 voltage regulators are used to convert 12 V to 5V/12V DC. Vital role of power supply in Electronic stick for blind The adapter output voltage will be 12V DC non regulated. The 7805/7812 voltage regulators are used to convert 12 V to 5V/12V DC.

PROJECT CYCLE 1. Specification of the Project. 2. PCB Layout. 3. Device Test. 4. Code Implementation. 5. Program Test. 6. Pilot Run. 7. Documentation.

SOFTWARES USED: Embedded C. Keil uVision ATMEL Programmer

Tools for schematic design 1. CAPTURE CIS (ORCAD) Hardware 1. ATMEL AT89C51 controller, 2. AUDIO PLAYBACK, 3. RF Tx and RF Rx, 4. IR PROXIMITY DETECTOR, 5. ENCODE & DECODER HT12E & HT12D, 6. POWER SUPPLY AND PCB.

Working Principle
IR proximity detector in the transmitter detects the obstacles, and then sends the detection signal to receiver through RF link. This signal is received by microcontroller, which activates the audio playback unit. The audio playback unit plays the stores audio signal through headphone.