UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN DAN ALAM BINA JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN KIMIA DAN PROSES

Assignment 3 : Ceramics (Design Problem - Cookware)

DR. NOR YULIANA BINTI YUHANA

NOR ZURAINI BINTI CHE HASHIM A 136485 KK/2

1.

List at least three important characteristics required of a material to be used for this application.

A ceramic is an inorganic, non-metallic solid prepared by the action of heat and subsequent cooling. Ceramic materials may have a crystalline or partly crystalline structure, or may be amorphous like a glass.

Nowadays ceramics is used in cookware equipment. It seem to be good component with a some great characteristics. One of them are the ceramics use have high melting temperature. This can avoid the ceramics from melt and can be uses and withstand at high temperature. So, this cookware with high melting point can be uses to cook at long time because temperature will always being increase in longer period of time.

Second important characteristics is durable. This characteristics is the most important that people need. They love something that can be used in such a long period. They can save their money too. So, its very important to make sure that our cookware can be use and keep for a long time.

Last characteristics that can be considered is has low coefficient of thermal expansion and high thermal conductivity give it excellent thermal shock resistance, allowing it to survive rapid thermal cycling.

2.

Compare the relative properties and cost of the three ceramic materials.

From these characteristics we discuss in question 1, we considered this three ceramics materials. Table below shows the composition and some of their characteristics of common commercial glasses.

Composition (wt%) Glass Type Fused Silica SiO2 >99.5 Na2O CaO Al2O3 B2O3 Other Characteristics and application High melting temperature, very low coefficient of expansion (thermally shock resistant) Borosilicate (Pyrex) Container (soda-lime) 74 16 5 1 4 MgO 81 3.5 2.5 13 Thermally shock and chemically resistant - ovenware Low melting temperature, easily worked, laso durable

3.

On the basis of this comparison, select the material most suitable for the cookware.

From the table above, we know that the Fused Silica have highest priority that can be choosen in our main ceramic use in cookware. It has high melting temperature and very low coefficient of expansion (thermally shock resistant). This two main characteristics can be sure that this type of ceramic is durable. Fused Silica is made up of up to 99.5% wt from Silicon dioxide, SiO2. It has been known for its hardness since ancient times.

References 1. Calister, William D. & Rethwisch, David G.. 2011. Material Science and Engineering. 8th Ed. SI Version. Amerika Syarikat. John Wiley & Sons (Asia) pte Ltd 2. Ceramic. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramic 3. Ceramic Cookware The Next Generation of Cookware. http://blog.avancer.com.au/2011/11/ceramic-cookware-%E2%80%93-thenext-generation-of-cookware/ 4. Silicon Dioxide. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_dioxide 5. High Thermal Conductivity. http://www.hexoloy.com/product-applications/hightemperature-thermal-components/hexoloy-thermal-components