Myanmar Historical Dateline 1886-1942

ukv
d edk aD cwfjrefrm&ufpo
JG rkid ;f
ukdvkdeDacwfjrefrm&ufpGJorkdif;
1886 - 1942
ausmfNidrf;
TGefMum;a&;rSL;
orkid ;f okawoeOD;pD;Xme
ausmfNidrf;
Zefe0g&Dv
1 Zefe0g&D 1886 tdE,
d bk&if
1
8
cHcsKyf avmh'zf &if(Lord Dufferin)

u txufjrefrmEkid if u
H dk jAdwo
d Q
tifyg,m twGi;f oGwo
f iG ;f
aMumif; aMunmonf/
trdefYawmfjyefwrf;trSw(f 2) 9?Zefe
0g&D? 1886
jrefrmvTwaf wmfu jrefrmbk&if

onf rnfonft
h cgurQ wkwf
{u&mZfoYdk uefawmh vufaqmif
rqufocJhaMumif;? jrefrmEkdifiH
onfwkwMf oZmcH r[kwaf Mumif;
jyefwrf;wpfapmif xkwjf yefonf/
Political letters from India, 1886
Vol. 46 PP 424-5
8
6
6 Zefe0g&D 1886 txufjrefrm

jynford ;f wyf OD;pD;csKyf y&if;'g
*wfpf (Major General Sir Harry
Prendergast)Aef;armfjrdKUrS rEav;
jrdKUokdY jyefvnfxGufcGmonf/
Further Correspondence Relating to Burmah C4887,Landon
1886:hereafter cited as F.C.R.B
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Zefe0g&D? 1886 yk*pH &D ifpk ta&SU

ykid ;f &dS q,f&mG rS Akv
d cf sKd OD;aqmif
onfh jAdwo
d Qe,fcsUJ qefYusiaf &;
ay:aygufonf/
J.George Scott Gazetter of Upper
azaz:0g&D
Burma and Shan State PI .Vol I,

Yangon Govt printing. 1900,P
133: hereafter cited as GUBSSPI
VI
1884-5 by the Marquis of dufferin

and Ava ,Landon, 1899,P 94
tif;0 pD&ifpw
k iG f acsmif;cG
rif;om;rsm;jzpfonfh xdyw
f ifapm
&efyidk f (1866-1946)ESihf xdyw
f if
apm&efEidk w
f Ydk OD;aqmifonfh jAdwd
oQe,fcsJUqefYusifa&; ay:ayguf
onf/
GUBSSPI VI P 126
jrifpidk ;f rif;om;\ wyfrsm;u

ykvyd jf rdKU&dS jAdwo
d Q t&m&drS sm;ukd
wkdufckdufonf/
GUBSSPI VI P 122
12 azaz:0g&D 1886 tdE,

d
bk&ifccH sKyf avmh''f yfz&if rEav;
jrdKUokYd a&muf&o
Sd nf/
Speeches Delivered in India
15 azaz:0g&D 1886 rif;bl;

pD&ifp?k v,fuidk ;f jrKd Uukd Akv
d Of wr
\ wyfzUJG u 0ifa&muf wku
d cf u
dk f
onf/
GUBSSPI VI P 135
17 azaz:0g&D 1886 Akv
d Of wr
OD;aqmifonfh jAdwo
d Qe,fcsJUqefY
usifa&;tiftm;pkrsm;u pukjrdKU
ukd wkdufckdufodrf;ykdufonf/
1/ GUBSSPI VI P 135
2/ Sir Charles Crosthwaite The
Pacification of Burma ,london
Edward Arnold 1912, P 107: hereafter cited as Crosthwaite The
Pacification of Burma
21 azaz:0g&D 1886 Ak'b

mom
uvsmP,k0toif; (0kdiftrfbD
at) pwif xlaxmifco
hJ l wpfO;D
jzpfonfh trfatOD;armifMuD;ukd
3
ausmfNidrf;
a&TusifjrdKUwGif OD;MumnGeYf ? a':

MunfMunf rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
1/ Who's Who in Burma,Calcu
-tta Fine Art Cottage, 1927, P 85:
hereafter cited as Who's Who in
Burma 1927
2/ Who's Who in Burma,Yangon, People's Literature Committee and house, 1961, PP 3435:hereafter cited as Who's Who
in Burma 1961
ykord pf &D ifpw

k iG f ref;aygacgif;
aqmifaom jAdwdoQe,fcsJUqefY
usiaf &;wyfzUJG rsm;ESihf jAdwo
d Qwyf
zGUJ &ifqidk w
f u
dk yf jJG zpfymG ;&m ykord f
ta&;ykid f pdeYfbmab (St.Barbe)
usqkH;onf/
Political and Secret Home Corr
-espondence, 1886, Vol.84
23 azaz:0g&D 1886 avmh'yfz

&if rEav;NrdKUrS jyefvnfxu
G cf mG
onf/
Burgess J. Chronology of Indian History, New Delhi, Cosmo
Publication, 1987,P 414: hereafter cited as Chronology of Indian History
26 azaz:0g&D 1886 txuf

jrefrmEdkifiHonf tdEd,EdkifiH\
jynfe,fwpfck jzpfvmonf/
Crosthwaite The Pacification of
Burma, P 8
azaz:0g&D? 1886 awmifwiG ;f BuD;
e,fwiG f Akv
d rf if;a&mif OD;aqmif
onfh NAdwdoQe,fcsJUqefYusifa&;
ay:aygufonf/
GUBSSPI VI P 137
rwfv
3 rwf 1886 r[m0ef&iS af wmf
rif;BuD; qmcsm;vf(pf) bm;ewf
(Sir Charles Benard)u tdE,
d
bk&ifccH sKyf avmh'zf &if\ trdeYf
t& txufjrefrmEdik if u
H kd NAdwo
d Q
tifyg,m twGi;f oGwo
f iG ;f NyD;
t*Fvyd t
f &m&Srd sm; tkycf sKyfrnf[k
aMunmonf/
trdeYf awmfjyefwrf; trSw(f 10) 6?rwf?
1886
7 rwf 1886 oDaygrif;ESihf pkz&k m;

vwfwYdkrS wwd,orD;awmf xdyf
pkjrwfzk&m;arG;zGm;onf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
W.S Desai Deposed King Thibaw

of Burma in India,18851916,Bombay, P.H.Raman at
Associated Advertisers & Printers 1967,P 96: hereafter cited as
Desai, Deposed King Thibaw
10 rwf 1886 awmifial 'o

twGi;f NAdwo
d Qe,fcsJUwdYk ukd qefY
usifawmfveS cf o
hJ nfh r&rf;acsmif;
bke;f BuD;udk NAdwo
d QwYdk zrf;rd
onf/
eDejD rifh jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&;BudK;yef;rI
ork d i f ; tykdif;(1) 1885-1895?
&efuek /f wuov
dk rf sm;ykEH ydS w
f u
dk /f 19
86 / pm-144/ aemifukd;um;vQif
eDejD rifh jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&; MudK;yef;rI
orkdif; [keT ;f rnf
31 rwf 1886 NAdwo

d QtmPmykid f
wdkYu jrefrmhbk&ifhvTwfawmfudk
zsufodrf;onf/
Upper Burma Home Proceedings
29 March 1886, P 27: hereafter
cited as UBHP
Adv
k cf sKyf y&if'g*wf(pf) tm;
txuf jrefrmjynford ;f wyf ppf
OD;pD;csKyf &mxl;udk pGefYvTwfap
onf/
Colonel H.M Vibart The Life of

General Sir Harry N.D Prendergast, London, Eveleigh Nosh,
1914,P 84
{NyDv
1 {NyD 1886 qma*sm0h u
dI f (Sir
George White) u Adv
k cf sKyf y&if
'g;*wf(pf)xHrS txufjrefrmjynf
odr;f ppfO;D pD;csKyf &mxl;udk vTJ
ajymif;&,lonf/
GUBSSPI VI P 141
r[m0ef&iS af wmf rif;BuD; qm
csm;vf(pf)bm;e'fu uif;0ef
rif;BuD; OD;aumif; trSL;&So
d nfh
twdkifyifcHtzGJUudk cefYtyfonf/
UBHP ,24 May 1886, PP 5-6
{NyD? 1886 rif;wyfoBl u;D Adv

k f
qGu
J rif;bl;ESihf rif;vStaemuf
buf&dS e,frsm;udk wku
d cf u
kd f odr;f
ydkufonf/
GUBSS PI VI P 135
ZGefv
9 ZGef 1886 yef;wdr;f &Sd Adv
k q
f \
JG
wyfpcef;udzk ,f,m(Mr. Phayre)
5
ausmfNidrf;
OD;pD;onfh NAdwo
d QwyfzUJG u wku
d f
cdu
k &f m z,f,musq;Hk NyD; NAdwo
d Q
wyfzUJG qkwcf mG &onf/
1/ GUBSS PI VI PP 135-6
2/ FCRB C4887 P 73
3/ Crosthwaite The Pacification
of Burma, P 28
12 ZGef 1886 pvif;teD;&Sd Adv
k f
OwrOD;aqmifonfNh Adwo
d Qe,fcsJU
qefYusifa&; tiftm;pkrsm;tm;
NAdwdoQvDAmylwyfzGJUESifh trSwf2
b*Fvm;ajcvsifwyfwdkY yl;aygif;
wku
d cf u
kd o
f nf/
wku
d yf w
JG iG f
uywed f 'ef;pzkYd (Capt.Dunsford )usqkH;onf/
of Burma, P 28
2/ Chronology of Indian
History, P 414
13 Mo*kwf 1886 jrif;pkid ;f rif;

om; &GmiHwiG f iSuzf sm;a&m*gjzifh
uG,fvGefonf/
1/ File No. 453/ 1886 NAD
2/ GUBSS PI VI P 128
16 Mo*kwf 1886 {&m0wDjrpfa&
BuD;rIaMumifh rEav; taemufyidk ;f
&yfuGufrsm; a&vTrf;onf/
Chronology of Indian History,
P 415
pufwifb mv
24 pufwifb m 1886 jrefrm
Edik if OH ya'rsm; tufOya' (Burma Laws Act 1886)ukd jy|mef;
onf/
OD;tke;f az? yifvkHppfwrf;? &efuek /f
pHy,fO;D ykEH ySd /f 1984/ pm-33/ aemif
uk;d um;vQif OD;tke;f az yifvkHppfwrf;
[knTef;rnf/
Mo*kwf
1 Mo*kwf 1886 jrefrmawmfveS f
a&;orm;wkYd\
vufcsujf zifh
Adv
k rf LS ; tpfuifqef (Major
Aitkinson) usq;Hk onf/
Chronology of Indian History,
P 415
6
25 pufwifb m 1886 qmcsm;

vf(pf) b m;e'fonf jrefrmEdik if H
r[m0ef&iS af wmf rif;BuD; tjzpf
cefYtyfc&H onfh twGuf jrefrm
Edik if \
H yxrqk;H r[m0ef&iS af wmf
rif;BuD; jzpfvmonf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
trdeYf awmfjyefwrf; 16? atmufwb
dk m?
1886
Ed0k ifb mv
9 Edk0ifb m 1886 tdE,
d Edik if \
H
ppfOD;pD;csKyfjzpfol qmz&uf'&pf
a&mbwf (Sir Frederick Robert) jrefrmEdi
k if H a&muf&o
dS nf/
FCRB No.1 C4962 P 143
1886 aqmhvpfbm&D(Marquess
of Salisbury) onf t*FvefEi
kd if H
\ 0efBuD;csKy&f mxl;ukd vufcH
aqmif&Gufonf/
Daily Mail Year Book 1961,Lon
-don, Associated Newspapers Ltd.
1961, P 134 :hereafter cited as
Daily Mail Year Book 1961
12 Ed0k ifb m 1886 NAw

d o
d Q wyfzUJG
u Munfjh rifwidk rf if;om;\ pcef;
udk 0ifa&muf wku
d cf u
kd &f m Munfh
jrifwidk f rif;om;\ ZeD; usq;Hk
Ny;D Munfjh rifwidk f rif;om; vnf;
pcef;ukd vufvw
T f qkwcf mG cJ&h
onf/ xkw
d u
kd yf w
JG iG f NAdwo
d QwkYd
bufrS Adv
k t
f ufumpav (Lieutenant Eckersley) usq;Hk onf/
GUBSSPI VI P 138
17 Ek0d ifb m 1886 qmz&uf'&pf
a&mhbwf rEav;jrdKUokdYa&muf&dS
vmjyD; ppfqifa&;udpr sm; pDpOf
aqmif&Gufonf/
S. W Cocks Burma under British
Rule, Bombay, J Cooper, P 58,
hereafter cited as Cocks Burma
under British Rule
ausmfNidrf;
Zefe0g&Dv
1
8
8
1 Zefe0g&D 1887 Munfjh rifwidk f

rif;om;\wyfrsm;ESifh NAdwdoQ
wyfzUJG wku
d yf jJG zpfymG ;&m Munfjh rif
wkid rf if;om; usqk;H onf/
Chronology of Indian History
P-416
jrefrmwdik ;f &if;om;wdYk\ awmf
vSefwdkufcdkufrIrsm;udk ESdrfeif;&ef
NAdwdoQwdkYonf ppfpcef;(142)ck
ESihf ppfyv
k yd pf cef; (56)ck xm;&Sd
onf/
Burma P 129
3 Zefe0g&D 1887 ume,fpwuff

ref; ( Colonel Stedman) OD;
aqmifonfh NAdwdoQwyfzGJUonf
&Sr;f jynfe,fawmifyidk ;f ppfqifa&;
udq
k ifE&JG ef vdiI ;f wuf rS pwifcsD
wufonf/
Hender Shot, Clarence The
Conquest , Pacification and
Administration of the Shan
States By the British 1886-1897
P 38:hereafter cited as Hender
Shot The Conquest
ukv
JG rkid ;f
18 Zefe0g&D 1887 rEav;NrdKU

rdk;xdausmif;wkdufwGif apm&efykdif
tm; xD;eef;wif&ef vQKd U0Sut
f pnf;
ta0;usi;f y aepOf NAdwo
d QwYkdu
0ifa&mufp;D eif;&m acsmif;cGrif;om;
apm&efEdkiftm; zrf;rdonf/
eDejD rifh jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&; MudK;yef;rI
orkdif; pm 89
Zefe0g&D 1887 &Sr;f jynfawmif

ykid ;f ppfqifa&; NAdwo
d QppfaMumif;
udk vif;yiftyk pf 0k if &Sr;f apmfbmG ;
rsm;u ckcHwdkufcdkufonf/
Hender Shot The Conquest PP
38-40
27 Zef0g&D 1887 oDaygapmfbmG ;
p0fcGefqkdif (Sao Hkun Saing)
rEav;NrdKU&Sd r[m0ef&iS af wmfrif;
BuD; qmcsm;vf(pf)bm;e'f xH
a&muf&Sdonf/
Burma PP 137-142
e,f qma*sm0h u
dI v
f ufoYdkvt
JT yf
tdEd,EkdifiHokdY jyefonf/
1/ John Nisbet Burma Under
British Rule and Before,
Westminister, Archibald Constable & Co.Ltd ,1901, P 128,
:hereafter cited as Nisbet Burma
Under British Rule and Before
2/ Cocks Burma under British

Rule , P 59
rwfv
4 rwf 1887 qmcsm;vf(pf)
ua&mhpf0dwf(Mr. C.H.T Crosthwaite)tm; jrefrmEdkifiH r[m0ef
&Sifawmf rif;BuD; &mxl; cefYtyf
onf/
The Burma Gazette P 1,No 10,
5 March 1887,P 103
27 rwf 1887 qmcsm;vf(pf)
ua&mhp0f w
d f &efuek f a&muf&dS
onf/
Burma, P 24
azazmf0g&Dv
12 azazmf0g&D 1887 qmz&uf
'&pfa&mbwfonf txufjrefrm
jynf NAdwo
d Qwyfrsm;udk ar*sm*sif
28 rwf 1887 qmcsm;vf(pf) u

a&mhp0f w
d o
f nf qmcsm;vf(pf)bm;
e'fxHrS r[m0ef&Sifawmfrif;BuD;
9
ausmfNidrf;
wm0efvTJajymif;&,lonf/
Burma, P 24
{jyDv
25 {jyD 1887 oDaygrif;ESihf pkzk
&m;vwfwkdYrS pwkworD;awmf
xdypf jk rwfz&k m;uav; arG;zGm;
onf/
Desai, Deposed King Thibaw P
97
arv
13 ar 1887 vif;yifrif;om;
NAdwo
d QtmPmykid w
f YkdxH vufeuf
csonf/
Hender Shot The Conquest PP
57-9
26 ar 1887 a'gufwmbOD;
(1887-1963? aemif jynfaxmif
pk jrefrmEdik if o
H rw)udk ykord Nf rdKU
OD;bd;k vS? a':a':nGeYf rdbESpf
yg;rS arG;zGm;onf/
Who's Who in Burma,1961, P
196
10
ZGefv
3 ZGef 1887 jyifO;D vGi&f dS Adv
k rf LS ;
Bu;D ar (Colonel May) OD;aqmif
onfh NAdwo
d QwyfzUJG u pMufmrif;
om;\cHwyfudk oGm;a&mufwkduf
cdkuf&m vufaxmufcdkif0ef'l;&m
(Durrah) usq;Hk NyD; t&m&Sd uyf
ayh*sf (Cuppage) 'Pf&m&onf/
Burma, P 70
21 ZGef 1887 NAdwo
d QwyfzUJG u
Adkvfrif;a&mifudk acgif;jzwfowf
onf/
wuokdvfat;oefY ukdvkdeDacwfOD;
awmfvSefa&;orkdif;0if tmZmenfrsm;?
&efuek /f *E0ifyEHk ydS /f 1969/ pm-91/
aemifukd;um;vQif at;oefY ukdvkdeD
acwfOD;tmZmenfrsm; [kkTef;rnf/
Mo*kwfv
5 Mo*kwf 1887 r[m0ef&iS f awmf
rif;BuD; qmcsm;(vf)pfua&mpfh
0dwu
f rEav;eef;awmf nDvmcH
cef;rwGif 'gbmyGJ usi;f yonf/
Burma, P 76
ukv
JG rkid ;f
atmufwb
kd mv
1 atmufwdkb m 1887 ar*sm
[maA; (Major Harvey) acgif;
aqmifaom NAdwdoQwyfzGJUu
o&ufp&D ifpk rD;vefuek ;f teD; vQKd
ajrmif&Sd AdkvfqGJwyfpcef;udk 0if
a&mufwu
dk cf u
kd &f m Adv
k q
f EJG iS hf wyf
om; 10OD; usq;Hk onf/
1/ Chronology of Indian
History P 416
2/ GUBSSPI VI P 168
12 atmufwb
kd m 1887 trSw2f
[dkuf'g&mbwf ajcvsifwyfzGJUrS
ar*sm uae'D(Major Kennedy)
acgif;aqmifaom NAdwdoQjrif;pD;
wyfwYkd csijf ypfoYdk csw
D uf&m OD;
omBuD;ESifh bk&ifcHrif;om;armif
bwdYkuckcw
H u
dk cf u
kd o
f nf/ wdu
k yf JG
wGif OD;omBuD;ESihf bk&ifcrH if;om;
armifbwdYk usq;Hk onf/ NAdwo
d Q
wdYk bufrS ar*smuae'DEiS hf csif;
wGif;pD&ifpk0efaxmuf uywdef
bDAD;vf(Captain Beville)wkYd usq;Hk
onf/
Burma, PP 86-9
28 atmufwkb
d m 1887 txuf
jrefrmEdik if H aus;&Gmpnf;rsO;f Oya'
(The Upper Burma Village Regulation )(Regulation XIV of 1887) ukd
jyXmef;onf/ &nf&G,f csufrSm
jref r mEd k i f i H w G i f tpOf t quf
usio
hf ;Hk cJah om aus;&Gmtkycf sKyfa&;
pepf tajccHrrl sm;udk a&S;rlrysuf
xm;&Sda&;ESifh jrefrmwdkif;&if;om;
wdYk \ NAdwo
d Qe,fcsJUqefUusifa&;
rsm;ukd atmifjrifpGmESdrfeif;Edkif&ef
twGuf jzpfonf/
Burma, P 81
atmufwdkb m 1887 AefuseD ,f
wGif a&TcsKd;jzLrif;om; OD;aqmif
ay:aygufonf/
GUBSSPI VI P 164
11
ausmfNidrf;
1
8
8
3 Zefe0g&D 1888 csi;f jynfe,f

pDa[mif(Sihaung)t&yf uywed f
&dwf (Capt.Raikes)ESifh wmpGef;
(Tashons) csi;f tBuD;tuJ<urfbpd f
(c) qGeyf uf (Sonpek) 18341910 awGUqkHaqG;aEG;onf/
Carey, Bertran S and H.N tuck
The Chin Hills, Vol I , Yangon
Govt Printing, 1896, P 23:
hereafter cited as C & T The
Chin Hills, Vol I
21 Zefe0g&D 1888 rd;k aumif;NrdKU

tkyf OD;zd;k apmonf rd;k aumif;NrdKUrS
wdww
f qdwx
f u
G cf mG um NAdwo
d Q
e,fcsJUwkdYukd qefYusifawmfvSef
wdkufcdkuf&ef pDpOfonf/
GUBSS PI VI PP 334-335
rwfv
12
3 rwf 1888 ta&SUu&ifeeD ,f

(uE&0wD)tBuD;tuJ apmvayg
\wyf r sm;u NAd w d o Qop m cH
armufr,f (Mawk Mai)e,fudk
wku
d cf u
kd &f m armufr,f apmfbmG ;
cGerf eI f (Hkun Hmon) qkwcf mG
xGufajy;onf/
Hender Shot The Conquest, P93
ukv
JG rkid ;f
{NyDv
4 {NyD 1888 jrefrmhtrsKd;om;
Edik if aH &; Ed;k Mum;vmatmif BudK;
yrf;aqmif&GufcJhonfh q&mawmf
OD; 0dpm&udk ppfuidk ;f wdik ;f tjrifNh rdKU
e,f? urf;edr&hf mG wGif OD;jym;? a':
Zvyf rdbESpyf g;rS zGm;jrifonf/
1/ ol&d,owif;pm 19-11-35
2/ a&TOMo wpfcsdefu xif&Sm;cJhaom
yk*dKvfMuD;rsm;/ yxrtMudr/f &efuek /f
py,fO;D ykEH ydS /f 1986/ pm 226/ aemif
uk;d um;vQif a&TOMo xif&mS ;aomyk*Kd vf
MuD;rsm; [knTef;rnf/
arv
('kw,
d ywf) ar 1888 &Srf;jynf
e,frS NAdwo
d Qe,fcsUJ awmfveS af &;
orm;wpfO;D jzpfol xGuif vl(Twet
Nga Lu) tm; pwufref; cHwyf
(Fort Stedman)rS rdk;eJapmfbGm;xH
jyeftydkY vrf;wGif xGufajy;
bvlcsD (Beleuchi) tapmifhwyf
om;u ypfowfonf/
Burma,PP 186-7
20 ar 1888 OD;bd;k apm OD;aqmif
orm;rsm;u rk;d aumif;NrdKUukd wku

d f
cdkufonf/
of Burma,P 261
2/ Mr.W.A. Hertz C.S.I Burma
Gazetter, Myitkyina District,
Yangon Govt printing, 1960, P 33
:hereafter cited as Hertz Myitkyina District
Zlvdkifv
Zlvdkif 1888 a&T*sdK;jzLrif;om;
onf wmpGe;f csi;f wdYkEiS hf yl;aygif;
NAdwo
d Qe,fcsUJ wdUk ukd
qefYusif
awmfvSefwkdufcdkufonf/
C & T The Chin Hills, Vol I,P25
'DZifb mv
7 'DZifb m 1888 csif;wdik ;f &if;
om;wdkYu uav;NrdKUteD;wGif
NAdwo
d QwyfzUJG udk wku
d cf u
kd &f m Adv
k f
yg;vrm; (Lieutenant Palmar) us
qkH;onf/
C & T The Chin Hills, Vol I,P27
10 'DZifb m 1888 wmpGe;f csi;f
wkYdu pDa[mifukd vnf;aumif;?
pD,if(Siyins)? csi;f wdYu
k (Indin)ukd
13
ausmfNidrf;
vnf;aumif;? pkuaw;(Soktes)
ESihf urfa[muf (Kanhows) csi;f
rsm;u uav;NrdKU ajrmufbuf
rkid 2f 0uGm uefBu;D (Kangyi)&Sd NAw
d d
oQ ppfyv
k yd pf cef;udk vnf;aumif;
wku
d cf u
dk f Muonf/
C & T The Chin Hills, Vol I,
PP 27-28
29 'DZifb m 1888 Adv
k cf sKyaf um
vuf(General Collett) OD;aqmif
onfh NAdwo
d QwyfzUJG rsm;u uE&
0wD tBuD;tuJ apmvayg\
NrdKUawmfapmvk(H Sawlon)odYk csw
D uf
onf/
Burma,P 194
'DZifb m 1888 vif;pa'gif;
(Marquess of Lansdowne) onf
tdE,
d bk&ifccH sKyf &mxl;ukd vufcH
aqmif&Gufonf/
R.C.Majumdar,H.C Ray Chaudhuri & Kalikinkar Datta An
Advanced History of India
London , Macmillam & Co .ltd,
1963 ,P 1043:hereafter cited as
An Advanced History of India
14
1
8
8
9
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Zefe0g&Dv
rwfv
1 Zefe0g&D 1889 jrefrmwdik ;f &if;

om;wdkY\ awmfvSefwdkufcdkufrI
rsm;ukd ESrd ef if;&ef NAdwo
d QwYkdonf
ppfpcef; 56ckEiS hf ppfyv
k yd pf cef;
192ck xm;&Scd o
hJ nf/
Burma, P 129
1 rwf 1889 awmifirl Eav;

rD;&xm;vrf; zGifhvSpfvkdufonfh
twGuf &efuek f rEav;rD;&xm;
vrf; awmufavQmuf oGm;Edik v
f m
onf/
Nisbet Burma Under British
Rule and Before, P 139
Adv
k cf sKyaf umvuf OD;pD;
apmvko
H Ydk csw
D ufvmonfNh Adwo
d Q
wyfzUJG rsm;udk apmvayg\wyfrsm;
u vrf;rSq;D BudK wdu
k cf u
kd &f m
NAdwdoQwyfzGJUrS wyfom;av;OD;
usq;Hk ckEpS Of ;D 'Pf&m&onf/
Burma,P 194
arv
29 Zefe0g&D 1889 &Sr;f jynf

ta&;ydkif [D;vf'D b&if; (A.H.Hildebrand) u u,m;jynfe,f
apmzsmapmv0Dtm; qme'f cefY
tyfvTmay;onf/
Burma, PP 202-3
1 ar 1889 NAdwo
d QtmPmydik f
wdYku uif;0efrif;Bu;D OD;aumif;
trSL;jyK onfh twkid yf ifct
H zGUJ ukd
zsufodrf;onf/
a&TwkduftwGif;0efrif; twKywdpm
wrf;? rEav;/ jrefrmwm&mowif;pm
ykEH ySd /f pm 12-13
4 ar 1889 NAdwo
d QwyfzUJG rsm;u
csi;f awmif&dS &S,v
f cHk w
H yfukd wku
d f
cdkufonf/
rif;wyfbel rd ;f csif;awmiforkdif;? &ef
uke/f pmayAdrmefyEHk ydS /f 1976/ pm 50/
aemif u k d ; um;vQif rif ; wyf b l e d r f ;
csif;awmiforkdif; [knTGef;rnf/
15
ausmfNidrf;
ar 1889 rauG;e,fwiG f Ak'& mZm

OD;aqmifonfh NAdwo
d Qe,fcsUJ qefU
usifa&; ay:aygufonf/
Burma, P 117
ZGefv
1 ZGef 1889 jrefrmawmfveS af &;
orm;wdYk\ vufcsujf zifh vuf
axmufta&;ydik 'f ikd q
f ef(Mr.Dyson)
usqkH;onf/
Burma, P 117
Zlvdkifv
20 Zlvdkif 1889 NAdwo
d Qe,fcsUJ
qefYusifa&;acgif;aqmifwpfOD;
jzpfol Adv
k Of wrtm; NAdwo
d Qwyf
zGUJ rsm;u zrf;rdonf/
Burma, P 108
onf acwr[m0ef&Sifawmfrif;
BuD;tjzpfwm0efxrf;aqmifonf/
1/ Twentieth Century Impressions of Burma, Its History, People, Commerce, Industries and
Resources, London, lloyd's Greater Britain Publishting Company
ltd, 1910, P 54:hereafter cited as
T.C.I.B

of Burma, P 120
'DZifb mv
27 'DZifb m 1889 qmcsm;vf
ua&mhp0f w
d f r[m0ef&iS af wmfrif;
BuD;wm0ef jyefvnfvTJajymif;,l
onf/
of Burma, P 121
2/ The Burma Gazette 1890,P
22(Alphabetical and Analytical
Index to The Burma Gazette for
the year 1890
pufwifb mv
8 pufwifb m 1889 qmcsm; u
a&mhp0f w
d f cGio
hf mG ;pOftwGi;f ru
a':e,f ( Mr.A.P Mac Donnell )
16
'DZifb
f m 1889 a0vrif;om; (His
Royal Highness Prince Albert Victor
of Wales)(the late Duke of Clarence)
ukv
JG rkid ;f
jrefrmEdik if H vma&muf vnfywf

onf/
1/ The Burma Gazette No.1. 4
January 1890, P 1
2/ Sir Herbert Thirkell White,
K.C.I.E A Civil Servent in

Burma,London, Edward Arnold
1913, P 224
8
9
0
17
ausmfNidrf;
rwfv
1/ jrefrmpG,fpkHusrf;ESpfcsKyf/ 1978/
19 rwf 1890 r[m0ef&iS af wmf

rif;Bu;D qmcsm;vfpu
f a&mhp0f w
d o
f nf
pwufref;cHwyfwGif &Srf;tBuD;
tuJrsm;ESifh awGUqkHonf/
Burma, P 8
&efuek /f pmayAdrmefyEHk ydS /f 1978/ pm

283-284/ aemif jrefrmhp,
G pf u
Hk sr;f ESpf
csKyrf sm;ukd uk;d um;vQif jrefrmpG,pf EHk pS f
csKyfESifh ckepfom nGTef;rnf
2/ Who's Who in Burma,1961,

P 97
Ed0k ifb mv
arv
30 ar 1890 NAdwo
d Qe,fcsUJ qef
usiaf &; acgif;aqmifwpfO;D jzpfol
Adkvf&mnGefY NAdwdoQtmPmydkifwdkY
xH vufeufcsonf/
1/ awmom;MuD; Akdvf&mnGefY\Zmwd
rmef/ acsmufynmwk;d wuf Mu;D yGm;a&;
pmtkyq
f idk /f ykEH ydS Ef pS rf od/ pm 54-55
20 Edk0iffb m 1890 rif;avmif;

armifoefYukd jrif;rlNrdKUe,f? yJul
&Gm OD;xGe;f yk?d a':r,f& rdb
ESpfyg;rS arG;zGm;onf/
wifjrifh t*Hawmifu armifoefYxcJh/
18/ aemifu;dk um;vQif wifjrifh t*H
awmifu armifoefY [knTef;rnf
2/ Report of the Administration

of Burma 1889-1890, P 8:here after cited as R.A.B
Zlvdkifv
17 Zlvdkif 1890 t*FvefEikd if H
oGm; jrefrmudk,fpm;vS,ftzGJU0if
OD;odr;f armif 0wfvaHk wmf& (aemif
w&m;0efBuD;csKy)f ukd aygif;wnf
NrdKUe,f? ausmif;uke;f &GmwGif OD;zk;d
pH? a':aomif;rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
18
'DZifb mv
10 'DZifb m 1890 tvufZEm;
ruifZD(Mr. A.Mackenzie) onf
qm csm;vfpfua&mhpf0dwfxHrS
r[m0ef&Sifawmfrif;BuD; wm0ef
vTJajymif;,lonf/
1/ The Burma Gazette ,No 51,
20 Dec 1890,P 587
2/ R.A.B 1890-1891,P 3
ukv
JG rkid ;f
13 'DZiffb m 1890 t*FvefEikd if H

oGm; jrefrmudk,fpm;vS,ftzGJY0if
OD;xGe;f &Sed u
f kd ykord Nf rdKU OD;armif
BuD;? a':cif rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
ol & d , owif ; pm/ 4-7-36/ 25

ESpfajrmuftxl;xkwf
1890 NAw
d o
d Qe,fcsUJ ukd qefYusif
awmfvSefwkdufcdkufonfh acsmif;cG
rif;om; apm&efyidk f wkwEf ikd if H
ajy;0ifcdkvIHonf/
,if0ifa[mf xef c sKH o k d Y c k d v I H c J h o nf h
jrefrmb &k ifah jr;awmf pmwrf;/ 1960/
&Sef[JNrdKU
&efuek Nf rdKUwGif twGi;f 0efrf sm;

k;H (,ck0efMuD;rsm;k;H ) ukd pwif
aqmufvkyfonf/
B.R.Pearn A History of Ran-
8
9
goon , American Baptist Mission

Press 1939. P 265 :hereafter cited
as Pearn A History of Rangoon
19
ausmfNidrf;
Zefe0g&Dv
Ed0k ifb mv
2 Zefe0g&D 1891 a'gufwm ode;f

armif (aemif *syefEidk if H qkid &f m
jrefrmoHtrwf)udk aygif;wnfNrdKU
OD;pde'f g? a':vSjzL rdbESpyf g;rS
arG;zGm;onf/
1/ Who's Who in Burma,1927,
P 147
26 Edk0ifb m 1891 &Sr;f jynfe,f

wGif yg0ifonfh e,fajrrsm;ukd
a'o ckepfck cGjJ cm;owfrw
S o
f nfh
aMunmcsuf xkwjf yefonf/
The Burma Gazette No 48,
28 Nov 1891, PP 541-2
2/ tNidr;f pm;oHtrwfMuD; OD;oufxeG ;f

oHwYdktjrif/ &efuek /f rdwaf umif;ykEH ydS /f
1999/ pm 104
1891 a&TcsK;d jzLrif;om;tm; NAdwd

oQwyfzUJG u zrf;rdNyD; BudK;ay;owf
jzwfonf/
C & T The Chin Hills, Vol I, P
109 n
azazmf0g&Dv
12 azazmf0g&D 1891 uompD&ifpk
wGif NAdwo
d QwyfzUJG rsm;tm; 0ef;odk
apmfbmG ; OD;atmifjrwf\ wyfzUJG
rsm;u wku
d cf u
kd o
f nf/
R.A.B 1890 - 91, P 5
27 azazmf0g&D 1891 NAw
d o
d Qtm
Pmydik w
f Ykd u 0ef;odak pmfbmG ; OD;
atmifjrwftm; uompD&ifpkwGif
NAdwdoQwyfzGJUrsm;tm; awmfvSef
ykefuefrIaMumifh 0ef;okdapmfbGm;
&mxl;rS jzKwfcsaMumif; aMunm
onf/
28 Feb 1891, P 91
20
ukv
JG rkid ;f
arv
1
8
8
2 ar 1892 prDwef(Mr. Donald

Makenzie Smeaton)onf jrefrm
Edik if H r[m0ef&iS af wmfrif;Bu;D wm0ef
xrf;aqmifonf/
1/ T.C.I.B P 54
2/ R.A.B 1892-3 P 3
6 ar 1892 csif;awmifwef;&Sd
uyfwJvf(Kaptyel) tBuD;tuJ
OD;wGrfawmif (Twum Tong) OD;
aqmif bkw
d ef (Botung) &Gm&Sd
NAdwdoQpcef;udk wkdufcdkufonf/
78
23 ar 1892 zdik ,
f m(Sir Frederic
9
2
William Richard Fryer K.C.S.I,

I.C.S)onf
jrefrmEdik if H r[m
0ef&iS af wmf rif;BuD;
&mxl;ukd
vufcH aqmif&u
G o
f nf/
1/ T.C.I.B P 54
2/ R.A.B 1892-3 P 3
Mo*kwfv
18 Mo*kwf 1892 *vufpwk;H
(W.E Gladstone)onf t*FvefEikd if H
21
ausmfNidrf;
0efBuD;csKyf&mxl;ukd vufcaH qmif

&Gufonf/
Prominent People, Pears the
Pure Soap P 118:hereafter cited
as Prominent People
1892 tpk;d &tdraf wmf pwif

aqmufvkyfonf/
Pearn A History of Rangoon, P
265
1
8
9
3
22
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Zefe0g&Dv
6 Zefe0g&D 1893 ucsiw
f idk ;f &if;
om;wdYkonf qDr(Sima)&Sd NAdwo
d Q
pcef;udk wku
d cf u
kd o
f nf/ qDrwdu
k f
yGJwGif NAdwdoQwyfrSL; uywdef
armfwef(Capt.Morton)usq;Hk onf/
Hertz Myitkyina District P 60
azazmf0g&Dv
8 azazmf0g&D 1893 a'gufwm
barmfukd rtlyifNrdKUwGif OD;aus;?
a':ode;f wif rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
Who's Who in Burma,1961 PP
101-2
{NyDv
23 {NyD 1893 tmZmenf 'D;'kwf
OD;bcsKdukd ajrmif;jrNrdKUwGif OD;bd;k
apm? a':jrpf rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;ESifh tmZmenfMuD;
rsm;\ twKywd/ &efuek /f A[kyd EHk ydS /f
1970/ pm 17/ aemifukd;um;vQif
tmZmenfMuD;rsm;\ twKyw
d [keT ;f
rnf/
{NyD 1893 csi;f awmifwef;&Sd uyf

wJvf tBu;D tuJ OD;wGraf wmif
NAw
d o
d Q tmPmydik w
f Ykx
d H vufeuf
csonf/
92
Mo*kwfv
15 Mo*kwf 1893 txufjrefrm
Edik if w
H iG f tdraf xmifpk tvdu
k f
oar"(Thathameda)cGeaf umuf
cH&ef aMunmcsuf xkwjf yefonf/
The Burma Gazette P IV, 26
Aug 1893, P 527
Ed0k ifb mv
18 Edk0ifb m 1893 tdE,
d bk&if
cHcsKyf vif;pa'gif; (Marquess of
Lansdoune) jrefrmEdkifiH a&muf
&dSonf/
The Burma Gazette P I, No.46
18 Nov 1893, P 588
'DZifb mv
'DZifb m 1893 uyfwJvftBuD;
tuJ OD;wGraf wmif uif;wyf
axmifwiG f aoqk;H onf/
92n
23
ausmfNidrf;
Zefe0g&Dv
Zefe0g&D 1894 t,fv*si;f (Earl

of Elgin and Kincardine II) onf
tdE,
d bk&ifccH sKyf &mxl;ukd vufcH
0efxrf;aqmifonf/
P 1043
rwfv
8
9
3 rwf 1894 dUk pfbm&D(Earl of

Rosebery) onf t*FvefEi
kd if \
H
0efBuD;csKyf&mxl;ukd vufcH xrf;
aqmifonf/
Prominent People P 118
arv
3 ar 1894 tvufZEm ruiZf D

(Mr.A. Mac kenzie)onf jrefrmEdik if H
r[m0ef &Siaf wmfrif;BuD; &mxl;
wGif wm0efxrf;aqmifonf/
1/ T.C.I.B P 54
2/ R.A.B P 1894-5 P 3
16 ar 1894 pD,ifcsi;f tMuD;
tuJ OD;ckyfaygif(Kuppow) ESihf
Ad k v f c d k i f u rf ; ( Kaikam )18461919 wkYd NAw
d o
d Q t&m&Sd azmfvm
24
ukv
JG rkid ;f
(Mr. Fowler)xH vufeufcsonf/

C & T The Chin Hills, Vol I
P 106
pufwifb mv
pufwifb m 1894 yifvpHk mcsKyf
vufrSwfa&;xkd;onfh p0fcGefyef;
pdefudk &Srf;jynfe,fajrmufykdif;?
erfq
h ef NrdKUwGif awmifyikd af pmfbmG ;
cGefqeftGef(Hkun Hseng Awn)ESifh
r[ma'0D[ed q
f ikd f ( Katur Lady
Heng Seng) rdbESpy
f g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
1/ Chiefs and Leading Families
in the Shan States and Karenni
MS 188 ,BG 8 Oct 1943 PP 63-4
2/ jyefMum;a&;Xme &Srf;jynfe,f
jynfolYtkyfcsKyfa&;yEufcsyGJ/ &efuek /f
tpk;d &ykEH ydS /f 1959/ pm 43/ aemifu;dk
um;vQif &Srf;jynfe,f jynfolYtkyfcsKyf
a&;yEufcsyGJ [kneT ;f rnf
25
ausmfNidrf;
ZE0g&Dv
1
8
31 ZE0g&D 1895 r[m0ef&iS f

awmfrif;Mu;D
qmtvufZEm
ruiZf u
D *sKAvDa[m taqmuf
ttHk yEucf sonf/
The Foundtion Stone of this hall
to be/ erected to commemoate the
Jubilee/ of the Reign of Her Most
Gracious/ Majesty Queen
Victoria/ Empress of India/ was
Laid by/ Sir Alexander Mackinzie
K.C.S.I on 31st Jan 1895 Jubilee
hall Foundtion Stone
{jyD
9
5
1 {jyD 1895 jAdwo

d QtmPm ydik f
wdYk u jAdwo
d Qe,fcsJUwdYk ukd awmf
vSefwdkufcdkufcJhaom acsmif;cGrif;
om; apm&efEikd Ef iS hf ZeD;jrif;cHw
k ikd f
xdyw
f ifwYkdukd uvuwm;odYk ydYk
onf/
Burma Political Procedings
March 1895/ 96/ 99
3 {jyD 1895 zdkif,monf
tvufZEm; ruiZf x
D rH S jrefrm
Edik if H r[m0ef&iS af wmfrif;MuD; wm
0ef vGaJ jymif;&,lonf/
1/ T.C.I.B P 54
26
ukv
JG rkid ;f
2/ R.A.B
P 1895-6 P 3
Zlvdkifv
2 Zlvdkif 1895 aqmhvpfbm&D
(Marquess of Salisbury) onf t*Fvef
Edik if 0H efMuD;csKyf &mxl;ukd vufcH
aqmif&Gufonf/
atmufwb
dk mv
5 atmufwdkb m 1895 yifvHk

pmcsKyf vufrw
S af &;xd;k onfh OD;
vSLrIeu
f kd zvrf;jrdKUe,f? vH;k bef
&GmwGif OD;edw0f ek ?f a':ZGeb
f YJG rdb
zvrf;NrdKUESpw
f pf&mjynfrh *Zif; 18921992 pm 72
1895 ucsifawmifwef;om;
rsdK;dk;wlpkrsm;qdkif&m pnf;rsOf;
Oya' The Kachin Hills Tribes
Regulation 1895 ukdxkwfjyefonf/
ucsifawmifwef;a'owGif usifhokH;
aeaom Oya'rsm; / jrpfMu;D em;/ tpk;d
&ykEH ydS w
f u
dk /f 1969/ pm 1
27
ausmfNidrf;
{jyDv
25 {jyD 1896 r[m0ef&iS af wmf
rif;MuD;zdik ,
f m tdE,
d odYk cGijhf zifh
oGm;pOftwGi;f prDwefonf acw
r[m0ef&Sifawmfrif;MuD; wm0ef
xrf;aqmifonf/
The Burma Gazette P 1, 2 May
1896, P 202
arv
31 ar 1896 wdik ;f wm;rif;MuD;
OD;zd;k &efuek jf rdKUwGif uG,v
f eG f
onf/
1/ Nisbet Burma Under British
Rule and Before P 99
Chronology of Indian History
P 414
14 Mo*kwf 1896 csi;f awmif

wef; pnf;rsO;f Oya' (The Chin
Hills Regulation Act 1896) udx
k w
k f
jyefonf/
The Burma Gazette P 1, 29 Aug
1896
1896 jAw
d o
d Qe,fcsUJ udk qefYusif
wdu
k cf u
kd cf o
hJ nfh yk*AH v
kd cf sKEd iS o
hf m;
ESpOf ;D jzpfonfh Adv
k b
f ;kd qif? Adv
k f
bd;k 0ifwYkdukd yk*NH rdKU oD&yd p,m
t&yf&Sd *lajymufbk&m;wGif cdk
atmif;aepOf jAdwo
d Q ppfyv
k yd rf sm;
u zrf;rdonf/
of Burma P 114
2/at;oefY ukdvkdeDacwfOD;tmZmenf
rsm; pm 75-6
Mo*kwfv
10 Mo*kwf 1896 zdik ,
f monf
prDwefxHrS r[m0ef&Sifawmfrif;
MuD; wm0efjyefvnf vTaJ jymif;,l
onf/
The Burma Gazette P 1, No 33,
15 Aug 1896, P 490
1896 p0fa&Tou
kd f (1896 - 1962
aemif jynfawmifpk jrefrmEdkifiH
awmf ,m,Dorw) udk tif;wdef
jrdKUwGif tif;wdejf rdKUpm; p0fcsHKESihf
p0feef;qm rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
1/ NrdKUe,fat;csr;f om,ma&;ESihf zGNH zdK;
a&;aumifpD anmifa&TNrdKU\ 19-9-02
&ufpGJyg pmtrSwf 5^77-1ÔD; 6
28
ukv
JG rkid ;f
2/ &Srf;jynfe,f jynfolYtkyfcsKyfa&;
yEufcsyGJ pm 34
3/ jrefrmpG,fpkHusrf; twGJ 13? &ef
uke/f pmayAdrmefyEHk ydS /f 1973/ pm 18/
aemifu;dk um;vQif jrefrmhp,
G pf u
Hk srf; [k
nTef;rnf
1896 0dw&kd ,
d bk&ifr kyx
f u
k kd
zdkufpuGJ,m;O,smOf(Fytche Square
Garden) (,ck r[mAEKvyef;jcH)
wGif xm;&So
d nf/
Pearn A History of Rangoon P
285
1
8
9
7
29
ausmfNidrf;
{jyDv
9 {jyD 1897 tdE,
d Ekid if H bk&ifcH
csKyfu jrefrmjynfudk tdE,
d Ekid if H
\ jynfe,fwpfct
k jzpf owfrw
S f
jyD; r[m0ef&iS af wmfrif;MuD; tkyf
csKyfonfhtqifhrS 'kwd,bk&ifcH
tkycf sKyo
f nfh tqifo
h Ydk wk;d jrihf
aMumif; aMunmcsuf xkwjf yef
onf/
owif;pmq&mBuD; wkd;wufa&; OD;
xGe;f oef; jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&;&Sif;wrf;
('kw,
d tMudr)f / &efuek /f &efat;ykEH ydS /f
1974/ pm 45/ aemifu;dk um;vQif xGe;f
oef; jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; [kGTef;rnf
arv
1 ar 1897 jrefrmEdik if u
H kd tdE,
d
EdkifiH\ jynfe,fwpfe,ftjzpf
owfrSwfjyD; r[m0ef&Sifawmfrif;
MuD; tkycf sKyo
f nfh tqifrh S 'kw,
d
bk&ifcH tkycf sKyo
f nfh tqifh wd;k
jrifhonf/
R.A.B 1911-2 P 11
r[m0ef&Sifawmfrif;MuD; qm
tufzf'AvsLtmzdkuf,monf
jrefrmEkdifiH 'kwd,bk&ifcHtjzpf
cefYtyfc&H onft
h wGuf jrefrmEdik if H
30
\ yxrqH;k 'kw,
d b k &ifcH jzpfvm
onf/
1/ R.A.B 1897-8 P 3
2/ R.A.B 1921-2 PP 57-8
Zlvdkifv
6 Zlvdkif 1897 rEav;jrdKUwGif
Ak'b
momomoemhE*k [
toif;udk
wnfaxmifonf/
1/ ocifbarmif 0HomEkta&;awmfykH
orkdif; 1906-1936/ &efuek /f pmvkyf
ief;ykEH ydS /f 1975/ pm 6/ aemifu;dk um;
vQif ocifbarmif 0HomEk [kneGT ;f rnf
2/ ppfukdif;[efwif jrefrmEkdifiHawmf
rSww
f rf; (1) &efuek /f py,fO;D ESihf eHUom
ykHESdyfvkyfief;/ 1967/ pm 101-2/
aemifu;dk um;vQif [efwif jrefrmEkdifiH
awmfrSwfwrf; 1 [kneGT ;f rnf
3/ pDycD ifarmif jrefrmjynf jrefrm
toif;rsm;\ twKywdpmwrf;/ &ef
uke/f ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;ykEH ydS /f 19
19/ pm 3/ aemifu;dk um;vQif pDycD if
armif jrefrm toif;rsm;\ twKywd
[kTef;rnf
Mo*kwfv
1 Mo*kwf 1897 jrefrmEkdifiH
'kw,
d bk&ifcu
H dk uln&D ef tzGUJ 0if
uk;d OD;ygaom twkid yf ifcH tMuH
ay;tzGYJ zGUJ onf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
1/ R.A.B 1897-8 P 3
2/ xGef;oef; jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; pm
45-46
1/ [efwif jrefrmEkid if aH wmfrw

S w
f rf;1 pm 102
2/ ocifbarmif 0HomEk pm 6
atmufwb
kd mv
7 atmufwdkb m 1897 tmZm
enf ocifjrudk jynfcdik ?f xH;k bdk
jrdKU OD;bd;k cRe;f ? a':oufv,f
rdbESpfyg;rS arG;zGm;onf/
tmZmenfMuD;rsm;\twKywd pm 7
Ed0k ifb mv
6 Edk0ifb m 1897 armfvjrdKifjrdKU
&SiAf 'k a Cmo t*Fvyd jf refrm pm
oifausmif; wnfaxmifonf/
[efwif jrefrmEkdifiHawmfrSwfwrf;-1
pm 102
Edk0ifb m 1897 armfvjrdKifjrdKU

OD;a&ToGif OD;pD; omoe"&
toif; wnfaxmifonf/
S w
f rf;1 pm 102
1897 jrif;jcHjrdKUwGif ynmtkyf

OD;ausm&f ef OD;pD; Ak'b
momu
vsmPrdwtoif; wnfaxmif
onf/
31
ausmfNidrf;
ZE0g&Dv
1
8
15 ZE0g&D 1898 jrefrmEdik if H

'kw,
d bk&ifcH zdik ,
f mu tpd;k &
tdraf wmfwiG f
'gbmyGJ usi;f y
onf/
1 Jan 1898, P 1
20 Zeef0g&D 1898 tmZmenf
OD;&mZwfudk rdwv
D mjrdKUwGif rpwm
at&mref;ESihf a':jird ;f vS rdbESpyf g;
rS arG;zGm;onf/
9
8
rwfv
8 rwf 1898 om,m 0wDp&D ifpk
pH&JG (Sanywe) jrdKUe,ftm; vufyH
wef; (Letpadan) jrdKUe,f [ktrnf
ajymif;onf/
12 March 1898, P 114
rwf 1898 rEav;jrKd UwGif omo
ema&;twGuf y&d,wd omoemh
rdw toif;udk wnfaxmifonf/
[Hom0wDowif;pm 10-11-1909
32
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Ed0k ifb mv
25 Ed0k ifb m 1898 oDaygrif;\
rdz&k m; pkz&k m;MuD; uG,v
f eG o
f nf/
&eHUopfr*Zif; trSwf 66 1999 rwf{jyD pm 139
1898 yifvpkH mcsKyf vufrw

S f a&;
xd;k onfh OD;Mumykukd oDaygjrdKU
OD;Ek? a':erf;crf;csKd uf rdbESpyf g;rS
arG;zGm;onf/
jrefrmpG,fpkHusrf;ESpfcsKyf 1981 pm
122-3
1898 *sLAvDa[m wnfaqmuf

jyD;pD;onf/
Pearn A History of Rangoon
P 265
1
8
9
9
33
ausmfNidrf;
ZE0g&Dv
6 ZE0g&D 1899 umZHk (Baron
Curzon of Kedleston) onf tdE,
d
bk&ifccH sKyf&mxl;ukd vufcaH qmif
&Gufonf/
1/ An Advanced History of
India P 1043
2/ Burma Year Book 1930
Yangon, Aiya Bros 1930, P 5
:hereafter cited as Burma Year
Book 1930
1
9
{jyD
10 {jyD 1889 rEav;-vm;I;d
rD;&xm;vrf;&dS aemifcsdKawmif
xdyEf iS hf yifaygawmifwYkdukd awmif
ajrmufqufo,
G rf nfh *kwx
f yd f
wHwm;ukd tar&duefEikd if H yif
qDvfaA;eD;,m;ESifh ar&Dvef
wHwm;aqmufvyk af &; ukrP
rD S
pwifaqmufvkyfonf/
1/ &S r f ; jynf e ,f p mapmif twGJ1?
trSw1f 1961 pm 55
2/ uarmZjrifv
h iG f jrefrmjynfEpS af ygif;
200 rSwfwrf;MuD;/ &efuek /f arh*P
k f
&nfpmtkyfwkduf/ 1969/ pm 174/
aemifu;dk um;vQif uarmZjrifv
h iG f ESpf
200rSwfwrf; [kTef;rnf
34
0
0
ukv
JG rkid ;f
azazmf0g&Dv
16 azazmf0g&D 1900 rif;wke;f
rif;\ rdb&k m; qifjzLr&Sirf b
d &k m;
uG,fvGefonf/
a':Muef ya'o&mZfjrefrmEkdifiHZmwf
odr;f /&efuek /f pmayAdrmefyEHk ydS /f 1981/
pm 252/aemifukd;um;vQif a':Muef
ya'o&mZf jrefrmEkdifiHZmwfodrf; [k
GTef;rnf
1
9
17 azazmf0g&D 1900 oD[Vdk Ef idk if H

rSA'k j rwfp,
G af wmf 'gbD&mS oabFm
jzifh &efuek jf rdKUokYd a&muf&o
Sd nf/
pG,fawmfjrwfpmwrf; &efuek /f [Hom
0wDowif;pmwku
d /f 1901/pm 11
{jyDv
16 {jyD 1900 rEav;jrdKUwGif
OD;ausm&f ef OD;pD; Ak'b
momt
oif; wnfaxmifonf/ toif;
trIaqmifrsm;rSm
Ou| OD;ausm&f ef
'kOu| OD;cif
tusKd ;aqmiftwGi;f a&;rSL; OD;aomf
wdkYjzpfonf/
Buddhism Quarterly Review,
Vol I , No 1, Sept 1903 P 168
35
ausmfNidrf;
ZE0g&Dv
3/
22 ZE0g&D 1901 t*FvefEikd if H

bk&ifr0dwdk&d, (Queen Victoria)
1819 -1901 uG,v
f eG
f om;awmf
tuf'yG f ]7} (Edward VII) 1841-1910
xD;eef; qufco
H nf/
ZGefv
azazmf0g&Dv
7 azazmf0g&D 1901 ocifbaomif;
(wdYkArmtpnf;tH;k udk pwifwnf
axmifo)l udk ewfarmufjrdKUe,f?
zHu
k ek ;f aus;&GmwGif OD;jrpf? a':cif
av; rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
jrefrmpG,fpkHusrf;ESpfcsKyf
pm 247-8
1982
rwfv
rwf 1901 jrefrmEkid if w
H iG f vlO;D
a& 10490624 OD; (atmufjref
rmEdik if w
H iG f vlO;D a& 5405967
ESihf txufjrefrmEdik if w
H iG f 5084
657) &So
d nf/
1/ Burma Hand Book 1944
Simla P 10 :hereafter cited as
Burma Hand Book 1944
2/ R.A.B
36
1911-12 P 25
Allelyne Ireland The

Province of Burma, Cambridge,
Riverside Press, 1907, P 111
1 ZGef 1901 *kwx

f yd w
f w
H m;udk
pwifzGifhvSpfonf/
wHwm;wefz;kd aiG-1698200 usyf
tvsm;t&Snf -2260 ay
wHwm;wdik t
f jrifh -320 ay
*kww
f iG ;f acsmif;qH\
k a&rsuEf mS jyifrS
wHwm;oHvrf;txdtjrif-h 820 ay
wHwm;oHwidk af ygif; - 15
wHwm;pwifaqmufvkyfonfhaeY
1899 ckEpS f {jyv
D 10
aqmufvkyfaomtcsdefumv9 vwdwd
1/ *kwfxdyfwHwm;urnf;pm
2/ &Srf;jynfe,fpmapmif twGJ 1?
trSwf 1? 1961/ pm 55
11 ZGef 1901 tmZmenf OD;b

0if;udk ewfarmufjrdKUwGif a&SUae
OD;zm? a':pk rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
atmufwb
kd mv
20 atmufwb
kd m 1901 txuf
jrefrmEdik if q
H ikd &f m omoemydik af &G;
yGjJ yKvky&f mrd;k wm;q&mawmf OD;ok
Zmw 396 rJ?awmifciG q
f &mawmf
OD;0do'k 395 rJ ESihf xkwv
f ef;
q&mawmf 86 rJ toD;oD;&&Sd
onf/
a&Tukdif;om; tESpf100 jynfhrEav;
rEav;? MuD;yGm;a&;ykEH ydS ?f 1959? pm
282/ aemifu;dk um;vQif a&Tuidk ;f om;
tESpf100 jynfhrEav; [kTef;rnf
1
9
Ek0d ifb mv
28 Ekd0ifb m 1901 tdE,
d bk&if
cHcsKyf avmhumZkef (Lord Cur zon) rEav;jrKd UwGif 'gbmyGJ
usif;yonf/
OD;tke;f az yifvkHppfwrf; pm 125
1901 yifvpHk mcsKyfvufrw

S af &;
xkd;onfh OD;jzLukd &Srf;jynfe,f
awmifyidk ;f qDqidk jf rdKUe,f? aemif
ausmhaus;&Gmtkypf ?k 0g;awmaus;
&GmwGif OD;ukov? a':eef;ausmif;
zl; rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
OD;NzL\ ukd,fa&;rSwfwrf; tusOf;/

vufESdyfpufrl
37
ausmfNidrf;
Zlvkdifv
12 Zlvidk f 1902 bJvzf ;dk (Arthur
J.Balfour) onf t*FvefEi
dk if \
H
0efMuD;csKyf &mxl;ukd vufcH
aqmif&Gufonf/
Mo*kwfv
8 Mo*kwf 1902 *sLAvDa[mwGif
wd&pmefo
Hk pfEiS hf
O,smOfopf
aqmuf&ef tpnf;ta0; usi;f y
onf/ tpnf;ta0;wGif jrefrm
Ekid if H 'kw,
d bk&ifcH qmtufz'f A
vsLtmzkdif,mu obmywd
tjzpf aqmif&u
G o
f nf/
wku
d pf ;dk *sLAvDa[mjrifuGif; &efukef
oD[&wemykEH ydS ?f 1978? pm 6/ aemif
uk;d um;vQif wku
d pf ;dk *sLAvDa[m [k
Tef;rnf
1902 yifvpHk mcsKyf vufrw

S af &;
xk;d cJo
h nfh p0f[zHk ukd odEjD rdKUwGif
odEDapmfbGm;MuD; p0fcGefqHwkef
[ke;f ESihf p0feef;crf;pdef rdbESpyf g;
rS arG;zGm;onf/
1/ odEaD pmfb Gm;Mu;D pyf[Hzk \txKyw
d
uGefysLwmpmrl
2/ aMu;rkHowif;pm 30-3-63
38
1902 ykord jf rdKU Oa&mywku

d o
f m;
Ak'b
mom &[ef;awmf bduK
taomuukd
taMumif;jyK
taomutoif;
wnfaxmif
onf/
pDycD ifarmif jrefrmtoif;rsm;\twKyw
d
pm 3
OD;bcdkif(azbD,ef) jrefrmjynfEidk if aH &;
&mZ0if(wwd,tBudr)f /&efuek /f ukrm
&ykEH ydS /f 1966/ pm 37-38/ aemifu;dk
um;vQif bckid f jrefrmjynfEidk if aH &; [k
Tef;rnf
ukv
JG rkid ;f
azaz:0g&Dv
28 azaz:0g&D 1903 yifvpHk m csKyf

vufrSwfa&;xkd;onfh OD;xGef;
jrifu
h dk vdKG ifvifckid f armufr,f
jrdKUwGif OD;ausmpf ed ?f a':apmvkH
186
{jyDv
4 {jyD 1903 qm [lU*sf &dSwfpyD;
,m; bef;pf(Sir Huge Shakespear Barnes K.C.S.I, K.C.
V.O, I.C. S)onf jrefrmEkdifiH
'kwd,bk&ifcH &mxl;ukd vufcH

aqmif&Gufonf/
T.C.I.B P 54
R.A.B 1903-4 P2
pufwifb mv
pufwifb m 1903 OD;a&Tt;dk OD;pD;
Ak'o
moemhor* (Buddha
Sasana Samaga or International Buddhist Society)ukd &ef
ukejf rdKU? trSwf 1? a&Tw*d b

Hk &k m;
vrf;wGif wnfaxmifonf/ trI
aqmifrsm;rSm
Ou| OD;a&Tt;dk
39
ausmfNidrf;
taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rSL; tmeErax&f

b@ma&;rSL; a':jrar
wkYd jzpfonf/
Buddhism Quarterly Review,
Vol I , No 1, Sept 1903
atmufwb
dk mv
23 atmufwkdb m 1903
The
Ancient Monument preservation bill ukd xkwjf yefonf/
The Burma Gazette P III ,A,

14 Nov 1903
26 atmufwkdb m 1603 tmZm
enf ref;bckdifukd [oFwckdif?
,kew
f vif;&GmwGif olMuD; ref;ay
uke;f ESihf a':yk rdbESpyf g;rS arG;
zGm;onf/
Ek0d ifb mv
13 Ekd0ifb m 1903 jrefrmEkid if H
'kw,
d bk&ifcH bef;(pf)u rEav;
awmifajc ok"rmZ&yfrsm;teD;&dS
r@yf awmifciG q
f &mawmf OD;
0dok'tm; txufjrefrmEkdifiHqkdif
&momoemykid f cefYtyfonfh qm
40
e'f(Sanad) ay;yGu
J sif;yonf/
ref;wif ]]omoemykid t
f m; pmcReaf wmf
qufuyfyGJ}} aiGwm&Dr*Zif;? trSwf
144? 1972? ZGe?f pm 72
ukv
JG rkid ;f
azaz:0g&D
22 azaz:0g&D 1904 jrefrmEkid if H

'kw,
d bk&ifcH bef;pfu &efuek jf rdKU
ukd a&ay;onfh avSmu
f m;uefprD H
udef;ukd zGifhvSpfay;onf/
272
rwfv
7 rwfv 1904 yifvpHk mcsKyf

vufrSwfa&;xkd;onfh OD;cGefzkH;ukd
uGwcf idk jf rdKUe,f? a[mf0g;wku
d ef ,f
wGif 'l0gtrfaemfcrf;ESihf a':azmf
'gxk rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
a[mf0g;'l0gtrfcGefzkH;\ twKywd
tusO;f csKyf 15-12-98 vufEydS pf ufrl
{jyDv
{jyD 1904 trfo;D vf (Lord
Ampthill) onf tdE,
d bk&ifcH
csKyf &mxl;ukd vufcH aqmif&u
G f
onf/
P 1043
41
ausmfNidrf;
ZGefv
25 ZGef 1904 &efuek af umvdyf
Ak'b
mom toif;wnfaxmif
onf/
[efwif jrefrmEkdifiHawmfrSwfwrf;1
pm103
Zlvkdifv
14 Zlvkdif 1904 jrefrmEkid if H
'kw,
d
bk&ifcH bef;pfonf
rEav;jrdKU "mwf&xm;vrf;ukd
pwifzGifhvSpfay;onf/
1/ a&Tuidk ;f om; tESpf 100 jynfh
rEav; pm 291
2/ atmifrif;jrifh rD;&xm;orkdif;/ &ef
uke/f pmayAdrmefyEHk ydS /f 1985/ pm 173
'DZifb mv
'DZifb m 1904 umZkH (Baron
Curzon of Kedleston) onf
tdE,
d bk&ifccH sKy&f mxl;ukd vufcH
aqmif&Gufonf/
P 1043
1904 aumfr&Sief mvrf; (,ck
Akv
d cf sKyaf tmifqef;vrf;)
rS
wd&pmefkHa[mif;ukd uefawmfu
42
av; t&yfoYdk ajymif; 0dw&dk ,

d
txdr;f trSwf O,smOf (Victoria
Memorial Park 1904) [k trnf
ay;onf/
wku
d pf ;dk *sLAvDa[m pm 6-7
1904-1905 k&S-*syefppfyGJwGif
*syefEkdifiH atmifyGJ&&dSonf/
A.W. Palmer A Dictionary of
Modern History (1789-1945)
Pangiun Books 1964. P 354 :
hereafter cited as Palmer A
Dictionary of Modern History
ukv
JG rkid ;f
arv
9 ar 1905 qm[m;bwfom
u,f0dIuf (Hon. Sir Herbert
Thirkell White, K.C.I.E, I.C.S)
onf jrefrmEkdifiH 'kwd,bk&ifcH
&mxl;ukd vufcaH qmif&u
G o
f nf/
R.A.B 1905- 6 P 1
Ek0d ifb mv
Ek0d ifb m 1905 avmhrifw(d k Lord

Minto)onf tdEd,bk&ifcHcsKyf
&mxl;ukd vufcH aqmif&u
G o
f nf/
P 1043
'DZifb
f mv
5 'DZifb mv 1905 bifemref;

(Sir Henry Champbell - Bannerman ) onf t*FvefEi
dk if \
H 0ef
MuD;csKyf&mxl;ukd vufcH aqmif
&Gufonf/
43
ausmfNidrf;
Zefe0g&Dv
13 Zefe0g&D 1906 NAdwo

d Qtrd f
a&SUpH a0vrif;om; (Prince of
Wales) aemif
t*Fvefb&k if
George V ESih f ZeD; &efue
kf
wd&pmefO,smOfopfudk zGiv
hf pS af y;
onf/
wku
d pf ;dk *sLAvDa[m pm 7
azaz:0g&Dv
17 azaz:0g&D 1906 a0vrif;

om; rEav; r[mjrwfrek b
d &k m;
okYd oGm;a&muf zl;ajrmfonf/
Fr Caroline Courtauld Burma
Odyssey Guides Publication
1999,P 156
{jyDv
17 {jyD 1906 awmyke;f Mu;D pHzJ ukd
ompnfjrdKUe,f? *kHnif;EG,fbGJU
jcm;&Gm OD;zk;d ode;f ? a':pHr,f rdb
rm*"Dompnf e,f c sJ U awmf v S e f a &;
orm;MuD; AkdvfpHzJ &efuek /f pmay
AdrmefyEHk ydS /f 1999/ pm 12/ aemifu;dk
um;vQif rm*"Dompnf Akv
d pf zH J [kneT ;f
rnf
44
ukv
JG rkid ;f
{jyD 1906 0kid t

f rfbaD t ac: Ak'
bmomuvsmP,k0toif;ukd
OD;bab (bMuD;bab)? a'guf
wmb&ifESifh trfatarmifMuD;wkdY
pwif zGJUpnf;wnfaxmifonf/
1/ The Burma's Buddhist
Monthly Magazine Vol.II ,No. 1
Jun 1909
2/ bckdif jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; pm 38
3/ OD;bab]]0kid t
f rfbaD torkid ;f }} Ak'
Ek0d ifb mv
26 Ek0d ifb m 1906 oDaygrif;\
yxr orD;awmf xdypf jk rwfz&k m;
MuD;ESihf &wem*D&d tdraf wmf wHcg;
rSL; *kyd ,fbmkq
d 0efY (Go-pal
Bhaurao Sawant) wkYr
d S orD;
wkwk arG;zGm;onf/
Desai, Deposed King Thibaw
P 63
uvsmP,k0toif; a&T&wkpmapmif?
1956? pm 29
arv
21 ar 1906 yifvpHk mcsKyfvuf
rSwaf &;xk;d onfh cGeyf ef;pdef usridk ;f
&mxl; cefYtyfc&H onf/
ol&d,r*Zif; twGJ 11? trSwf 2?
1927 {jyD pm 53
atmufwb
dk mv
15 atmufwkdb m 1906 yifvHk
pmcsKyf vufrw
S af &;xk;d onfh p0fEHG
ukd vJcsm;apmfbmG ; p0fceG v
f idk ;f ESihf
p0feef;qkid rf eG ;f rdbESpyf g;rS arG;
zGm;onf/
161-2
45
ausmfNidrf;
azaz:0g&D
1
9
4 azaz:0g&D 1907 q&mawmf

OD;Owr jrefrmEkid if rH S *syefEidk if H okYd
oGm;a&mufonf/
ArmhacwfO;D b&if q&mawmfOD;Owr
&efukef/ ormrdwykHESdyf/ ykHEdSyfESpfrod/
pm 30/ aemifu;dk um;vQif Armhacwf
OD;b&if OD;Owr [kTef;rnf
rwfv
7 rwf 1907 q&mawmf OD;Owr
*syefEkdifiH ,kdukd[m;rm;qdyfurf;
okYd a&muf&o
Sd nf/
0
7
Armhacwf OD;b&if OD;Owr pm 30
15 rwf 1907 yifvpHk mcsKyfudk

vufrw
S af &;xk;d onfh OD;aomifZm
ckyu
f dk wD;wdejf rdKU? qkid ;f Zefaus;
&GmwGif OD;'kx
d mG vf? a':ykraf c:ref;
OD;aomifZmckyf\ ukd,fa&;tcsuf
tvufrSwfwrf;/ vufEydS pf ufrl
arv
25 ar 1907 OD;Ek 1907-1995
(aemif jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEkid if H
0efMuD;csKy)f
ukd 0g;c,frNrdKU
OD;pHxeG ;f ? a':apmcif rdbESpyf g;rS
46
ukv
JG rkid ;f
arG;zGm;onf/
U Nu Saturday's
Son, New
Haven and London Yale Univer sity Press 1975, P 3
31 ar 1907 tmZmenf p0fpH

xGef;ukd rkdif;yGefjrdKUwGif rdkif;yGef
apmfbGm; p0fcGefxD;ESifh eef;pdefO
1/ tmZmenfMuD;rsm;\twKywd pm
'DZifb mv
7 'DZifb m 1907 &Jabmfo;Hk usyd f
0if ocifxeG ;f tkyu
f kd jynfckid ?f
oJukef;jrdKUe,f? okdufawm&Gm
ajrykid &f iS f OD;a&T? a':a&Tom; rdb
jra'gif;ndK &JabmfokH;usdyf? &efukef?
ol&,
d owif;pmwku
d ?f 1943? pm 25
13
2/ inKd rkid ;f yGeaf pmfb mG ;pyfpx

H eG ;f / &ef
uke?f Ek,OfyEHk ydS ?f 1956? pm 9
Mo*kwfv
31 Mo*kwf 1907 txuf jrefrm
EkdifiHESifh &ckdifawmifwef;a'o
e,fjcm; jzwfoef;a&;ESifh rjidrf
roufa'orsm; pnf;rsO;f ukd &Sr;f
jynfe,fokdY wkd;csJYoufa&muf
aMumif; xkwfjyefaMunmonf/
1/ The Shan State Manual,
Yangon Govt printing,1933, P 271
:hereafter cited as The Shan
State Manual
2/ The Burma Gazette No 35,

31 Aug 1907,P P 707-9
47
ausmfNidrf;
{jyDv
1
9
0
8 {jyD 1908 tufpuGw(f Harbert H. Asquith )onf t*Fvef

Ekid if \
H 0efMuD;csKyf&mxl;ukd vuf
cH aqmif&u
G o
f nf/
19 {jyD 1908 &efuek jf rdKUay:&dS
0kid t
f rfbaD t toif;rsm;\ yxr
tMudrt
f pnf;ta0;ukd &efuek jf rdKU
usKH;MuD;vrf;&dS 0dw&dk ,
D bk&ifr
Ak'b
momausmif; usi;f yonf/
1/ [efwif jrefrmEkdifiHawmfrSwfwrf;
pm 105
ZGefv
30 ZGef 1908 uif;0efrif;MuD;

OD;aumif; yJc;l jrdKUwGif uG,v
f eG f
onf/
Maung Htin Aung ''First Burmese Mission to the Coult of St.
Jame's Kinwun Mingyi's Diaries
1872-74 '' JBRS Vol 57 P 1&2
1974
ZGefv 1908 jrefrmjynf Ak'b

m
omowif;pm (The Burman's
48
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Buddhist Monthly Magazine)
pwifxkwfa0onf/
The Burman's
Buddhist
Monthly Magazie Vol I ,No I, Jun
1908
1
9
0
9
49
ausmfNidrf;
rwfv
16 rwf 1909 armfvrD ifwdk pDrH
ude;f t&
jrefrmEkid if H 'kw,
d
bk&ifc\
H twkid yf ifcH tBuHay;
tzGUJ ukd tzGUJ 0if (9) OD;rS (17)
OD; txd wk;d csUJ zGUJ pnf;Ekid cf iG hf &vm
onf/
1/ F.S.V Donnison Public
Admi-nistration in Burma,
Glasgow, University Press 1953,
P 38 :hereafter cited as Donnison
Public Administration in Burma

S w
f rf;1 pm 108
arv
31 ar 1909 Ak'b
mom uvsm
P,k0toif; txl;tpnf;ta0;
usi;f y
trIaqmifrsm; a&G;
aumufwifajrmufonf/
[efwif jrefrmEkdifiHawmfrSwfwrf;1
pm107
pufwifb mv
10 pufwifb m 1909 yifvpHk m
csKyf vufrw
S af &;xk;d onfh 'l0g
aZmfveG ;f ukd rk;d armufjrdKUe,f? bef
[kwef ,fpm; 'l0gaZmfa,mif? 'l*sef
50
vawmfrEm;eefcg; rdbESpfyg;rS
arG;zGm;onf/
195-6
ukv
JG rkid ;f
rwfv
1
9
20 rwf 1910 &efukefjrdKUwGif

Ak'b
momuvsmP,k0 toif;
ESit
hf vm;wltoif;rsm;\ tpnf;
ta0;usi;f yjyD; wyfaygif;pktoif;
csKyftjzpfzUJG pnf;&efq;Hk jzwfonf/
OD;bk;d ajAUukd wyfaygif;pk toif;
csKyfO;D pD;OD;aqmiftjzpfwifajrmuf
onf/
pm 109
1
0
29 rwf 1910 jrefrmEkid if H okaw

oetoif;ukd pwifwnfaxmif
onf/
Journal of The Burma Research
Society .FAP :1960 P 1-4,
{jyDv
11 {jyD 1910 zvrf;e,frS wm
pGef; csif;trsKd;om;acgif;aqmif
<urfbpd f (c) qGeyf uf uG,v
f eG f
onf/
1/ zvrf;NrdKUESpfwpf&mjynfhr*Zif;
(1892-1992) pm 62
G v
f yfa&; MudKyrf;rI
2/ eDejD rifh jrefrmhvw
orkdif; tykdif; 1 pm 319
51
ausmfNidrf;
arv
6 ar 1910 t*Fvefb&k if tuf
'Gyf 7 (Edward VII )\ 'kw,
d
ajrmufom;awmf a*smh 5 (George
V) 1865-1936 onf t*Fvef
Ekid if \
H xD;eef;ukd qufco
H nf/
19 ar 1910 jrefrmEkid if H 'kw,
d
bk&ifcH qm[m;bwfomu,f
0du
I f &mxl;rS EIwx
f u
G o
f mG ;jy;D qm
[m aA;t'rfqif (Sir Harvey
Adamson )M.A, LLD, K.T, K
C.S.I, I.C.S onf jrefrmEkdifiH
'kwd,bk&ifcH tjzpf cefYtyfc&H
onf/
1/ R.A.B 1910 -11 P 2
2/ The Burma Gazette P 2,
4 Jun 1910, P 368
ausmjf ird ;f &Jab mfokH;usdyf &efuek /f

wuov
dk rf sm;ykEH ydS /f 1998/ pm 55/
aemifu;dk um;vQif ausmjf idr;f &Jab mfo;Hk
usdyf [keTG ;f rnf/
Mo*kwfv
30 Mo*kwf 1910 &Jabmfo;Hk usdyf
0if AkdvfrSL;atmifukd yJcl;wkdif;?
ausmufwcH g;jrdKU OD;a&TreS ?f a':
azmh rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
ausmjf ird ;f &Jab mfokH;usdyf pm 85
atmufwb
dk mv
atmufwkdb m 1910 ppfuidk ;f
wkid ;f ? jrif;rle,fwiG f rif;avmif;
armifoefYu jAdwo
d Q tpk;d &ukd
pwifykefuefawmfvSefonf/
wuov
dk x
f ifMu;D jrefrmEkdifiHowif;
pmtTe;f (y)/&efuek /f pmayAdrmefyEHk ydS /f
1992/ pm 89/ aemifu;dk um;vQif xif
MuD;owif;pmtnTef;(y) [kneT ;f rnf
Zlvkdifv
6 Zlvidk f 1910 &Jabmfo;Hk usyd 0f if
Akv
d af e0if; (1910-2002) aemif
jynfaxmifpkqkd&S,fvpf orw
Ekid if H orwukd jynfckid ?f aygif;
wnfjrdKUwGif OD;zkd;c? a':rdav;
52
Ek0d ifb mv
7 Ek0d ifb m 1910 rif;avmif;armif
oefY ppfuidk ;f wkid ;f ? jrif;rl&pJ cef;udk
wkdufckduf&m ta&;edrfhonf/
wifjrifh t*Hawmifu armifoefY pm
40
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Ekd0ifb m 1910 [m'if; (Baron

Hardinge of Penshurst) onf
tdEd,EkdifiHbk&ifcHcsKyf &mxl;ukd
vufcH aqmif&u
G o
f nf/
P 1043
'DZifb mv
27-29 'DZifb m 1910 jrefrm
EkdifiH 0kdiftrfbDattoif;rsm;ESifh
tvm;wl toif;rsm;\ yxr
tMurd af jrmuf
Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m
tpnf;ta0;MuD;ukd &efuek jf rdKU
wGif usi;f yonf/
The Burman's Buddhist
9
1
Monthly Magazie Vol IV,No I, Jan

1911, P 63
1910 yifvpHk mcsKyf vufrw

S af &;
xk;d onfh p0f,yd zf ukd odEjD rdKUwGif
odEaD pmfbmG ; cGeq
f w
H ek [
f ek ;f ? p0f
eef;crf;Mum rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
1/p0f,yd zf \ uk,
d af &; tcsut
f vuf
rsm; vufEdSyfpufrl
2/yxrtMudrf jynfolUvTwfawmf
uk,
d pf m;vS,rf sm;\ uk,
d af &;rSww
f rf;
tusOf;csKyf vufEdSyfpufrl
53
ausmfNidrf;
Zefe0g&Dv
121 t& jypfrx

I if&mS ; MudK;rdeYf
pD&ifcsufcsrSwfonf/
17 Zefe0g&D 1911 &Jabmfo;Hk

usyd 0f if Akv
d af wmufxed u
f dk ysO;f r
em;jrdKUwGif OD;bk;d atmif? a':a&Tjr
wifjrifh t*Hawmifu armifoefY pm

67
Zlvkdifv
rwfv
4 Zlvkdif 1911 ol&,

d owif;pm
pwif xkwaf 0onf/
rwfv 1911 jrefrmEkdifiHwGif

vlO;D a& 12115217 (atmufjref
rmEkid if w
H iG f 6212412? txuf
jrefrmEkid if w
H iG f 5902805 )OD;&dS
onf/
R.A.B 1911-2 PP 25-7
Burma Hand Book 1944 P 10
{jyDv
8 {jyD 1911 &Jabmfo;Hk usdy0f if
Akv
d jf rifah qGukd jynfckid ?f oJuek ;f
jrdKUe,f? o&ufwyif aus;&Gm
tzOD;zk;d armif? a':aiGyif rdbESpf
yg;rS arG;zGm;onf/
ZGefv
21 ZGef 1911 rif;avmif;armif
oefYtm; tdE,
d &mZowfMuD; yk'rf
54
ol&,
d owif;pm 25 ESpaf jrmuf 4-736 pm 36
Mo*kwfv
29 Mo*kwf 1911 ol&,
d owif;
pm rif;avmif;armifoefY MudK;rdeYf
pD&ifcsufukd t,lcHwifoGif;xm;
&mif;t,lcu
H ydk ,fjy;D vQiaf rmifoefY
ukd MudK;ay;vdrrhf nf[k owif;&&dS
onf[k yg&do
S nf/
ol&d,owif;pm 29-8-31
30 Mo*kwf 1911 &Jabmfo;Hk usdyf

0if Akv
d v
f usfmukd ysOf;rem;jrdKU
OD;pdeo
f iG ?f a':usifjrdKifrb
d ESpyf g;
rS arG;zGm;onf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Zefe0g&Dv
25 Zefe0g&D 1912 oDaygrif;\
rdz&k m; pkz&k m;uav; tdE,
d Ekid if H
&wem*D&djrdKU uG,fvGefonf/
1
9
1
at;ode;f &wem*D&drS oDaygrif;

trSww
f & &efuek ?f &ckid o
f m;MuD;pmay?
1994? pm 1563/ aemifu;dk um;vQi/f
at;ode;f oDaygrif; trSwfw& [k
Tef;rnf
rwfv
10 rwf 1911 yifvpHk mcsKyf vuf
rSwfa&;xkd;onfh OD;uD,kdref;ukd
[m;cg;NrdKU jrdKUa[mif; (qefo)J
&yfuu
G w
f iG f OD;refust
J ;dk ? a':eDw
vJr;f rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
OD;uD,kdref;\ ukd,fa&;rSwfwrf;
tusOf;csKyf vufESdyfpufrl
arv
23 ar 1911 jrefrmEkid if H awmif
MuD;jrdKUwGif ivsiv
f yI o
f nf/ivsif
A[kcd surf mS ajrmufvww
D 'G f 21
'D*&DEiS hf ta&SUavmif*sw
D 'G f 97 'D
*&DwiG f &djS yD; tiftm;tqifrh mS rm
u,fvpD au; tqifh 9 jzpfonf/
OD;rif;axG;aemif(ynma&;)jrefrmhivsi?f
&efuek ?f pmayAdrmefyEHk ydS ?f 1978? pm
97
55
ausmfNidrf;
pufwifb mv
pufwifb m 1911 [oFmwckid ?f
rkd;caus;&Gm? ruGJaus;&GmESifh
ozef;uke;f aus;&GmwkYdrS jAdwd oQ
tpk;d &ukd awmfveS yf ek u
f efonf/
uarmZjrifv
h iG f ESpf 200 rSww
f rf; pm
181
1
9
1
3
56
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Zefe0g&Dv
19 Zefe0g&D 1913 OD;ausmfjidrf;
(aemifjynfaxmifpk jrefrmEkdifiH
'kw,
d 0efMuD;csKy)f ukd ysO;f rem;jrdKU
OD;zk;d wkw?f a':a':okH rdbESpf
yg;rS arG;zGm;onf/
131-2
azaz:0g&Dv
2 azaz:0g&D 1913 tmZmenf
OD;tke;f armifudk rif;bl;jrdKUrpwm
tdyfcsf'AvsLx&yf(wf)0def;? a':
a&T jrifh rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
17 azaz:0g&D 1913 yifvpHk mcsKyf

vufrw
S af &;xk;d onfh OD;cGeaf pmukd
yif;w,NrdKU OD;cifarmif+a':cif
cspf rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
NrdKUe,fat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh zGHUjzdK;
a&;aumifpD yif;w,NrdKU\ 26-71999 &ufpyJG g pmtrSwf 5^3-85ÔD;
6
C.S.I, I.C.S)
onf acw 'kw,

d
bk&ifcHtjzpf aqmif&Gufonf/
R.A.B 1913-14 P I
22 ar 1913 &efuek jf rdKU tdrf
awmf&mbk&m; om,m0wDrif;
(1837-1846) &efuek af &muf&pSd Of
acwaexkdifonfhajray: om;
awmf yk*rH if;u (1846-1852)
wnfxm;onfb
h &k m; xD;wifyJG
usif;yonf/
uarmZjrifv
f rf; pm
193
ZGefv
2 ZGef 1913 &efuek jf rdKU ql;av
bk&m;vrf;&dS jrLeDpyD ,f rD;owf
taqmuftODopf pwif zGiv
hf pS f
onf/
uarmZjrifv
f rf; pm
193
arv
4 ZGef 1913 &JabmfokH;usdyf0if

Adv
k v
f a&mifudk rif;bl;jrdKU olaX;
uke;f &yfuu
G f OD;om'Gm;? a':aiG
oif rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
14 ar 1913 qma*sm0h yfqefa&Sm

(Sir George Watson Shaw, Kt,
a&Twl*sme,f? twGJ 1?trSwf 12? 18-71 pm 16-7
57
ausmfNidrf;
30 ZGef 1913
jrefrmjynf
rD;oabFmolaX; rGev
f rl sK;d OD;em
atmuf (touf 81) armfvjrdKif
jrdKUwGif uG,v
f eG o
f nf/
aiGwm&Dr*Zif; 1989? azaz:0g&D? pm
33-6
Zlvkdifv
28 Zlvkdif 1913 ykord jf rKd U puf
&Sifw&m;kH;rS ZvGefolykefxrIjzifh
zrf;qD;w&m;pGx
J m;aom aeol&ed f
rif;om;bkd;oG,fESifh yef;oif;
*rke;f q&mawmftm; ao'PftrdeYf
csrSwfonf/
uarmZjrifv
f rf; pm
187
Ek0d ifb mv
1 Ek0d ifb m 1913 qm[maA;t
'rfqifonf a&SmxHrS 'kw,
d
bk&ifcw
H m0efudk vGaJ jymif;,lonf/
R.A.B 1913-14 P I
'DZifb mv
10 'DZifb m 1913 &JabmfokH;
usyd 0f if Akv
d af Z,sudk tvkjH rdKUe,f
eef;awmfa&SU&GmwGif OD;cspfarmif
a':pdew
f idk f rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
58
1
4
ukv
JG rkid ;f
azaz:0g&Dv
12 azaz:0g&D 1914 yifvpHk m
csKyfvufrSwfa&;xkd;onfh qrm;
'l;0g;qif0g;aemfudk umrkid ;f jrdKUe,f
qrm;&GmwGif 'l0g;cGeq
f idk ;f vD? 'l
*serf ad &mefwl rdbESpyf g;rS zGm;jrif
onf/
a&Twl*sme,f? twGJ 1? trSwf 18? 111-71
{jyDv
28 {jyD 1914 &JabmfokH;usdyf0if
Akv
d af pmatmifudk &efuek jf rdKU urm
&Gwjf rdKUe,f &Sr;f pk&yfuu
G f OD;bk;d
nGeYf a':a&Trw
S f rdbESpyf g;rS arG;
zGm;onf/
arv
pm 131-4
ocifbarmif 0HomEk pm 19-20
17 ar 1914 &JabmfokH;usdyf0if
Akv
d x
f ed 0f if;ukd yJc;l ckid ?f a&Tusif
jrKd U OD;vGe;f armif? a':yGm; rdbESpf
yg;rS arG;zGm;onf/
ZGefv
14 ZGef 1914
0kid t
f rfbaD t
toif;wku
d f tpnf;ta0;usif;
yonf/ tpnf;ta0; Ou| OD;
abu jrefrmjynfEiS w
hf uG trsK;d
om;wkYd MuD;yGm;wk;d wuf&ef acwf
umvtvkduf raumif;onfukd
z,f aumif;aomt&mrsm;ukd
vku
d
f jyKvkyo
f ifah Mumif;? *syef
Ekid if o
H nf acwfumvtvku
d f wk;d
wufatmif aqmif&u
G o
f jzifh rsm;
pGm wk;d wufMuD;yGm;vmjyD; taemuf
Ekid if o
H m; k&mS ;ukyd if tEkid &f aMumif;
ajymMum;onf/
10 ar 1914 0kid f trf bD at

toif;csKy\
f Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m 'kwd
, ESpyf wfvnfnv
D mcHudk &efuek f
jrdKUwGif usi;f yonf/ OD;ab K.S.
M (usuo
f a&aqmif a&TpvG,f
&rif;) ukd 0kid t
f rfbaD t toif;
csKyfOu|tjzpfwifajrmufonf/
pm 137
10 Zlvidk f 1914 OD;ode;f azjrifh ukd
Zlvkdifv
59
ausmfNidrf;
bkwvifjrKd U
OD;b? a':jrifh
248-9
28 Zlvkdif 1914 MopMwD;,m;

[efa*&D Ekid if u
H qm;AD;,m;ukd
ppfaMunm&mrS yxrurmppfjzpf
yGm;onf/
Palmer A Dictionary of Modern
History P 354
xifMu;D owif;pmtnTeG ;f (y) pm140
'DZifb mv
'DZifb mv 1914 yifvkHpmcsKyf
vufrSwfa&;xkd;onfh p0fxGef;
at;ukd &Sr;f jynfe,f armfaemif
a'owGif armfaemifapmfbmG ; p0f
cGex
f ;D ? r[ma'0Dp0fcifxm; rdb
175
Mo*kwfv
4 Mo*kwf 1914 t*FvefEkdifiHu
*smreDudk ppfaMunmonf/
History P 354
1914
&Jabmfo;H k usyd 0f if
Akv
d
f Pukd jzL;jrdKUe,f? ausmuf
wkdifawmifaus;&GmwGif OD;byk?
a':jrpf rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
15 Mo*kwf 1914 jrefrmhtvif;

owif;pmukd &efuek Nf rdKU OD;a&T
MuL;u xkwaf 0onf/
pufwifb mv
21 pufwifb m 1914 jrefrmh
tvif; owif;pmwku
d rf S ]]jrefrmh
tvif; ppfaMu;eef;owif;}} ukd
wk;d csJU xkwaf 0onf/
60
ukv
JG rkid ;f
azaz:0g&Dv
13 azaz:0g&D 1915 trsKd;om;
acgif;aqmif AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;
ukd ewfarmufjrdKUwGif a&SUaeOD;zm
a':pk rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
1
azaz:0g&D 1915 r[wr*ED
&efukefNrdKUokdY a&muf&dSonf/
tdEd, trsKd;om; acgif;aqmifMuD;

r[wr*ED\ ESpf 100 jynfh arG;aeY
txdrf;trSwfjyyGJ &efuek ?f A[kyd EHk ydS f
wku
d ?f 1969? pm 3
{jyDv
1
5
19 {jyD 1915 OD;AaqG 19151987 (aemifjynfaxmifpk jrefrm

Ekid if aH wmf0efMuD;csKyf)ukd xm;0,f
ckdif? tkef;yifuGif;&Gm OD;xGef;
vIid ?f a':yJav; rdbESpyf g;rS arG;
zGm;onf/
226-7
61
ausmfNidrf;
Zlvkdifv
1 Zlvidk f 1915 &Jabmfo;Hk usyd f 0if
AkdvfpBufmukd &efukefjrdKU OD;
jrwfom a':oef;wif rdbESpyf g;
rS arG;zGm;onf/
atmufwb
dk mv
26 - 28 atmufwkdb m 1915
0kdiftrfbDat toif;csKyfMuD;\
Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m wwd,tMudrf ESpf
ywfvnfnDvmcHudk rEav;jrdKU
wGif usi;f yonf/
28 atmufwkdb m 1915 jrefrm

EkdifiH 'kwd,bk&ifcH &mxl;wGif
qm[mukwb
f wvm (Sir. Spen
-cer Harcourt Butler ) pwif
aqmif&Gufonf/
1/ The Burma Gazette , No 44,
30 Oct 1915,P 685
2/ R.A.B 1915-16 P 2
1915 jrefrmEkid if H 'kw,
d bk&ifcH
\ twkid yf ifcH tMuHay;tzGUJ ukd
tzGUJ 0if 30 OD;txd wk;d csUJ zGUJ pnf;
Ekid cf iG hf &vmonf/
Donnison Public Administration
in Burma P 39
62
1
6
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Zefe0g&Dv
Zlvkdifv
9 Zefe0g&D 1916 Ak'uvsmP

,k0toif; vlMuD;rsm;\ tpnf;
ta0;ukd 0kid t
f rfbaD tk;H usi;f y
jyKvyk jf y;D 1915- 16 ckEpS f twGuf
toif;trIaqmifrsm;tjzpf
Ou| OD;ab (rif;wkid yf iftrwf)
tusKd;awmfaqmif OD;yk (0wfvHk
awmf&? a&Tusi)f
ESihf trIaqmiftzGUJ 0ifrsm;ukd a&G;
aumufwifajrmufonf/
Zlvkdif 1916 jrefrmEkid if H 'kw,

d
bk&ifcH qm[mukwb
f wvmu
tifyg,mpGJaumfrwD (The Imperial Idea Commitee ) ukc
d efY
tyf wm0efay;onf/ aumfrwD
wGif tqifjh rihf jAdwo
d Q t&m&dS
&SpOf ;D ? omoemjyKq&m av;OD;ESihf
jrefrmvlrsKd;ESpfOD;yg0if onf/
zGJUpnf;&onfh &nf&G,fcsuf rSm
jAdwo
d Qtifyg,m twGi;f yg0if
&onfrSm jrefrmjynfoljynfom;
wkYdtwGuf tzufzufrS wk;d wuf
aomaMumifh jAdwo
d Q tifyg,m
ay:wGif opmcHvo
dk nfh pdw"f mwf
rsm;ukd ausmif;ESifhaumvdyfrsm;rS
wpfqifh oGi;f ay;&ef jzpfonf/
aumfrwDonf 1916 Mo*kwv
f rS
1917 Zefe0g&Dtxd vkyif ef;wm
0efrsm; aqmif&u
G jf yD; 30 rwf
1917 wGif tpD&ifcpH m wifoiG ;f
cJhonf/
1/ Report of the Committee
pm 167
{jyDv
17 {jyD 1916 ref;0if;armif
1916-1989 (aemifjynfaxmifpk
jrefrmEkid if aH wmf orw)ukd usKaH ysmf
jrdKUe,f? vSn;f qdy&f mG wGif OD;a&T
&if? a':om,m rdbESpyf g;rS arG;
zGm;onf/
303-304
{jyD 1916 avmhcsr;f pzkYd (Lord

Chelms ford)tdEd,bk&ifcHcsKyf
G o
f nf/
P 1043
Appointed to Ascertain and

Advice How the Imperial Idea
may be inclucated and Fostered
in Schools and Colleges in
Burma . Yangon 1917
2/ R.A.B
1916-17 P 112
63
ausmfNidrf;
3/ Cady, A History of Modern

Burma (Second printing) New
York, Ithaca 1960,P 195 :hereafter cited as Cady, A History of
Modern Burma
atmufwb
dk mv
atmufwkdb m 1916 oDaygrif;
\ 'kw,
d orD;awmf t&Six
f yd pf k
jrwfz&k m;vwfonf
cifarmif
vwfEiS hf ck;d &mvku
d af jy;onf/
Desai, Deposed King Thibaw P
74
0kid t
f rfbaD t toif;MuD;\ Ekid if H
vk;H qkid &f mpwkwn
v
D mcHud k [oFmw
jrdKUwGif usif;yonf/
Ekid if H 0efMuD;csKyf&mxl; ukd vufcH

aqmif&Gufonf/
9 'DZifb m 1916 yifvkHpmcsKyf
vufrw
S af &;xk;d onfh OD;wif{ ukd
anmifa&TNrdKUwGif OD;0kid ;f ? a':oG,f
&Srf;jynfe,f EkdifiHh*kPf&nfb GJU&&dSol
yk*Kd vfrsm;\ uk,
d af &;rSww
f rf;? 1982
15 'DZifb m 1916 jrefrmeef;us

bk&ifoaD ygrif; tdE,
d Ekid if H &wem
*D&djrdKUwGif uG,fvGefonf/
at;ode;f oDaygrif;trSwfw& pm
155
'DZifb mv
27 'DZifb m 1916 Akv

d af tmif
ausmfukd t*FyljrdKUe,f? kH;Zif&Gm
wGif OD;ausmfxif? a':a&Tausmh
1 'DZifb m 1916 tdE,

d bk&ifcH
csKyf avmhcsrf;pzkdY &efukefjrdKUokdY
a&muf&dSonf/
R.A.B 1916-17 P 10
jr[ef ukv
d edk aD cwftb "d mef (wwd,
tMudr)f ? &efuek ?f wuov
dk rf sm;ykEH ydS ?f
1999? pm 201? aemifukd;um;vQif
jr[efuv
dk edk aD cwftb "d mef[
k eT ;f rnf
7 'DZifb m 1916 vdKG uaf *smh (D.

LLoyd George) onf t*Fvef
64
ukv
JG rkid ;f
azazmf0g&Dv
1
9
4 azaz:0g&D 1917 0kid t

f rfbD at
toif; ESpyf wfvnf
tpnf;
ta0;ukd &efuek jf rdKU? vefuwfp
wm (,cke0a';) vrf;&dS toif;
wku
d f usi;f yonf/ Ou| tjzpf
OD;ab(K.S.M,A.T.M) ukd a&G;
aumufwifajrmufonf/
pm 207
yifvkHpmcsKyf vufrSwfa&;xkd;
onfh OD;vbef*a&mif ukd vm;I;d
jrdKU awmiftyk f OD;vbef&iS *f &pf
ESihf a':at; rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
279
rwfv
2 rwf 1917 &Jabmfo;Hk usdy0f if
Akv
d &f efatmifudk vSn;f ul;jrdKUe,f
'g;ydefaus;&Gm aps;ykdif;&yfwGif
OD;batmif? a':ode;f jr rdbESpyf g;
rS arG;zGm;onf/
65
ausmfNidrf;
17 rwf 1917 &Jabmfo;Hk usyd 0f if

Akv
d Af vukd armfvjrdKiu
f Re;f jrdKUe,f
usKu
d yf &d mG OD;ausm[
f ef a':ode;f
Zlvkdifv
5 Zlvidk f 1917 yJc;l jrdKUwGif ivsif
vIy
f a&Tarma"mapwDtxufyidk ;f
&dS iSufaysmzl;? azmif;&pf? Mum
arSmufMumvef? acgif;avmif;ykH
txd jydKusonf/
OD;vlaz0if; a&Tarmfa"morkdif;opf
&efuek ?f oDwmat;ykEH ydS ?f 1954? pm 12
Mo*kwfv
20 Mo*kwf 1917 jAdwo
d Qtpk;d &
tdE,
d Ekid if q
H idk &f m 0efMuD; rGeaf w
*l ( Edwin Montagu 18791924)u jAdwo
d QygvDref atmuf
vTwaf wmf jrefrmjynf tyg
t0if tdE,
d Ekid if t
H m; jAdwo
d Qtif
yg,m twGi;f rS wjznf;jznf;
uk,
d yf idk f tkycf sKyfa&; ay;tyfrnf
[k aMunm onf/
xkdaMunmcsufwGif
1/ jAdwo
d Qtpk;d &onf jrefrmEkid if H
66
tkyfcsKyfrI wkdif;&if;om;wkdYtm;
ykdrkdxnfhoGif;jyD; ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyf
aom Ekid if w
H pfct
k jzpfoYdk a&muf
apjcif;iSm tkycf sKyfa&;rsm;ukd wp
wp ay;tyfrnf/
2/ jAdwo
d Qtpk;d &\ tdE,
d Ekid if H
qkid &f m twGi;f 0efMuD;onf tdE,
d
okYd oGm; tdE,
d bk&ifccH sKyf avmh
csrf;pzkYd EiS t
hf wl tajctaeukd pkH
prf; tpD&if cH&rnf/
3/ tkycf sKyfrI jyKjyifajymif;vJay;
&ef pDrHcsufrsm;ukd NAdwdoQyg
vDrefoYdk wifoiG ;f aomtcg wkid ;f
oljynfom;wkdY\ ukd,fpm;vS,f
rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;cGiahf y;rnf[k yg
&dSonf/
1/ Hansard 20 Aug 1917, Col
1695
Burma P 199 -200
3/ OD;av;armif jrefrmEkid if aH &;orkid ;f
(y) &efuek ?f pmayAdrmefyEHk ydS ?f 1973?
pm 124? aemifukd;um;vQif OD;av;
armif jrefrmEkid if aH &;orkid ;f (y) [keT ;f
rnf
ukv
JG rkid ;f
pufwifb mv
26 pufwifb m 1917 &Jabmf
ok;H usdy0f if Akv
d rf if;a&mifudk &ef
ukefjrdKU ykZGefawmifjrdKUe,f a&
ausmf&yfwiG f OD;zk;d xif? a':oif;
jrdKif rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
atmufwb
dk mv
0kid t
f rfbaD t toif;csKyfMuD;\
Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m yrtMudrn
f v
D m
cHuydk sO;f rem;jrdKUwGif usi;f yonf/
nDvmcHwiG f tdE,
d Ekid if q
H idk &f m
twGi;f 0ef rpwmrGeaf w*l tdE,
d
okYd jyKjyifajymif;vJaom tkycf sKyf
a&;twGuf pkpH rf;&efvmaomtcg
0kdiftrfbDattoif;csKyf\ ukd,f
pm;vS,frsm; rpwmrGefaw*lESifh
oGm;a&mufawGUqkH jrefrmjynf
twGut
f a&;qk&d ef qk;H jzwfonf/
toif;csKyfOu| tjzpf OD;abukd
qufvufwifajrmufonf/
1/ ocifbarmif 0HomEk pm 43-8
2/ OD;av;armif jrefrmEkdifiHa&;orkdif;
(y) pm 125
6 atmufwkdb m 1917 &Jabmf

ok;H usyd 0f if Akv
d rf ;dk ndKudk &efuek jf rdKU
urm&Gw?f &Sr;f pk&mG wGif OD;b&Sif
a':aiGoif rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
atmufwkdb m 1917 &Jabmf

ok;H usyd 0f if
Akv
d v
f if;,keu
f dk
awmifijl rdKU OD;atmifoed ;f ? a':
a':pdr;f rdbESpyf g;u zGm;jrif
onf/
Ek0d ifb mv
14 Ekd0iffb m 1917 &Jabmf
ok;H usyd 0f if
Akv
d jf rifah tmifudk
yef;awmif;jrdKUe,f? ol&w
J ef; aus;
&GmwGif OD;yef;? a':ouf&n
S f rdb
22 Ek0d ifb m 1917 rpwm 'A vsL

tufzf u
dk pf f (Mr. Walter Francis
d if H
Rice, C.S.I) tm; jrefrm Eki
'kw,
d bk&ifcH qm[mukwf bw
vmu &mxl;wm0ef vTaJ jymif;ay;
onf/
R.A.B 1917-18 P 2
67
ausmfNidrf;
27 Ekd0iffb m 1917 tdE,

d Ekid if H
okYd tkycf sKyfa&;tqifh wk;d jriahf y;
&ef vma&mufppHk rf;onfh tdE,
d
Ekid if q
H idk &f m twGi;f 0ef 0efMuD; rGef
aw*lEiS hf awGUqk&H ef uvuwm;
jrdKUokYd oGm;a&mufrnfh jrefrmuk,
d f
pm;vS,frsm;ukd *kPfjyKyGJusif;y
onf/
jrefrmukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJUwGif
OD;ab
0efaxmuf?tjird ;f pm;
Ou|
0kdiftrfbDat
OD;aratmif 0wfvkH
OD;pk
0wfv?Hk rEav;
OD;bab
ol&,
d owif;pm
a'gufwmpHpzD ;dk u&iftrsK;d om;
qpf'eDvleD u&iftrsK;d om;
OD;pH0if;
0wfvHk rEav;
pD*st
D ufpyf aD v; 0wfvHk rEav;
OD;bwl
or0g,r
ukd,fpm;vS,f
OD;bkd;om
/
OD;oif;
/
wkdYyg0ifonf/
S w
f rf;1 pm 247-252

Burma P 200n
68
28 Ek0d ifb m 1917 0kid t

f rfbaD t
uk,
d pf m;vS,rf sm;jzpfonfh OD;ab?
OD;aratmif? OD;pkEiS hf OD;babwkYd
&efuek rf S oabFmjzifh tdE,
d Ekid if H
xGufcGmonf/
pm 247-252
'DZifb mv
17 'DZifb m 1917 jrefrf mEkid if H
'kw,
d bk&ifcH ku
d pf u
f qm&,f*sD
e,f u&ufa'guf (Sir Reginald
Craddock, K.C.S.I) tm; &mxl;
wm0ef vTaJ jymif;ay;onf/ qm
&,f*seD ,fu&ufa'guf onf 15
azaz:0g&D 1918 wGif jrefrmEkid if H
'kwd,bk&ifcH &mxl; twnfjyK
ceftyfcH&onf/
1/ The Burma Gazette Extra
Ordinary , 11 Dec 1917
2/ R.A.B 1917-18 P 2
'D Z if b m 1917 jref r mEkdifiH
0kid t
f rfbaD t toif; uk d , f p m;
vS,rf sm;onf uvuwm;jrdKUwGif
tdE,
d Ekid if q
H idk &f m 0efMuD; rGeaf w
*lEiS hf tdE,
bk&ifccH sKyf csr;f pzkYdwYdk
xH jrefrmvlrsK;d wkYd vkv
d m;csuf
ukv
JG rkid ;f
rsm;udk awmif;qkad om pmvTmukd

wifoGif;onf/
pm 252-5
xGef;oef; jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; pm96
1
9
1
8
69
ausmfNidrf;
Zefe0g&Dv
15 Zefe0g&D 1918 yifvpHk mcsKyf
vufrw
S f a&;xk;d onfh OD;'de&f wef
ukd ucsijf ynfe,f? rcsr;f abmjrdKU
e,f? cl;vrf;&Gm OD;&Saumef*rf?
a':xifaq;eef rdbESpyf g;rS arG;
zGm;onf/
208
azaz:0g&Dv
azaz:0g&Dv 1918 ol&,
d
r*Zif;wGif a&Twav;(c) OD;bu
av;a&;qGo
J nfh bk&m;vlMuD;rsm;
u Oa&mywku
d o
f m; ZeD;armifEu
HS dk
ausmykd; bk&m;&ifjyifawmfay:
okYd ykYdaqmif&m xkv
d ifr,m;u ,
ckvdk bdeyfrcRwb
f J a&Tw*d b
Hk &k m;
ay:okYd wufa&mufMunfh I cGi&hf
onfhtwGuf aus;Zl;wifpum;
ajymMum;ykH umwGef;yg&dSonf/
1/ ol&d,r*Zif; 1918?azaz:0g&D
2/ a':trm? a&Tkd;b uav; (y)
?rEav;? MuD;yGm;a&;ykEH ySd ?f 1969? pm
39? aemif ukd;um;vQif a':trm
a&T;dk b uav; (y)[kneT ;f rnf
tqkyd g umwGe;f udk bk&m;vl

MuD;rsm; awGUjrif zwf&I aomtcg
tvGefpdwfqkd;Muonf/ Oa&my
wkdufom; t*FvdyfvlrsKd;rsm;u
vnf; txl;yifrauseyfMuacs/
&efuek yf v
k yd rf if;MuD; rpwm &Syf
wJv0f yf (Mr. Shuttle Worth) u
ol&,
d owif;pmudk wm0efcx
H w
k f
a0aeMuaom
armifbabESihf
armifvaS z wkYdudk
ac:,lMudr;f
armif;onfhtwGuf pum;rsm;&ef
jzpfjyefvmonf/
pm 244
rwfv
3 rwf 1918 OD;pef;,k 19181996 aemif
jynfaxmifpk
qk&d ,
S v
f pforw jrefrmEkid if aH wmf
orw ukd jynfckid f oJuek ;f jrdKU
OD;pHaz? a':a&TvhJ rdbESpyf g;rS
arG;zGm;onf/
181-2
{jyDv
22 {jyD 1918 jAdwo
d QygvDrefoYkd
rGeaf w*l csr;f pzkYd tpD&ifcpH m (The
70
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Montagu Chelmsford Reforms
Proposals 1918) ukd wifoi
G ;f
onf/ tpD&ifcpH mwGif tdE,

d Ekid if H
twGuf tkycf sKyfa&; jyKjyifajymif;
vJay;&ef
tBuHay;xm;aomf
vnf; jrefrmEkid if EH iS hf ywfouf
tpD&ifcpH m tyk'f 198 if;wkYd
ppfaq;&m jrefrmEkid if u
H dk csev
f yS f
xmcJjh cif;rSm
jrefrmjynfonf
tdE,
d Ekid if H r[kwaf Mumif;? jrefrm
vlrsK;d rsm;onf vlrsK;d wpfjcm; jzpf
Muvsuf Ekid if aH &;vnf; tajc
taewpfrsKd;&dSaMumif;? xkdYaMumifh
jrefrf mjynf\ tkycf sKyfa&; jyKjyif
ay;&ef ta&;ukd aemifwiG f woD;
wjcm; pOf;pm;&ef csev
f yS x
f m;cJ&h
onf[k yg&do
S nf/
Parliament House of Com-mon
Sessional Papers Vol VIII for
1918 (CMD 9109) P 162 Para
198
arv
19 ar 1918 &efuek Nf rdKU *sLAvD
a[mkMH uD;wGif 0wfvaHk wmf& OD;
odr;f armif (aemifw&m; 0efMuD;
csKyf) Ou|jyKvky
f jrefrmjynf
vkH;uRwf Ak'bmom0ifvlrsKd;wkdY
\ tpnf;ta0; usi;f yonf/
tpnf;ta0;wGif apwDyx
k ;dk Oypm
rsm; Oa&mywku
d o
f m;rsm;u bd
eyf pD;eif; 0ifa&mufjcif;rsm;ukd
rESpjf rdKU? wm;jrpfuefYuu
G af Mumif;
jy|mef;csufrsm;ukd trsm;oabm
wl qk;H jzwfonf/
ol&d,r*Zif; twG-J 3? trSw-f 11?
1920? Zefe0g&D? pm 30^ 42
28 ar 1918 jrefrmEkid if t
H pk;d &u
owif;pmq&mrsm;xH bk&m;ykx;dk
apwDOypmtwGif; Oa&mywkduf
om;rsm; zdeyfp;D eif;jcif; udpE iS hf
ywfouf owif;pmrsm;wGif a0
zefcsurf sm; ra&;om;&eftaMumif;
Mum;pmrsm; ay;ykYd onf/
1920? Zefe0g&D? pm 44-5
Mo*kwfv
18 Mo*kwf 1918 0kid t
f rfbaD t
toif; tpnf;ta0;usi;f yonf/
tpnf;ta0;wGif rGeaf w*lcsr;f pzkYd
tpD&ifcHpm jrefrmjynftwGuf
tkycf sKyrf jI yKjyifajymif;vJa&; axmuf
cHcsurf sm; ryg&do
S nft
h wGuf Ekid if H
a&;aqmif&u
G v
f ufpudk qufvuf
71
ausmfNidrf;
aqmif&u
G &f ef oifh roifh jyem
ukd aqG;aEG;rJc
JG qk;H jzwf&m Ekid if H
a&; qufvuf aqmif&u
G v
f o
dk l
acwfynmwwf vli,frf sm;bufrS
tEkdif&oGm;onf/ xkdtcsdefrSp
EkdifiHa&;rvkyfvkdolrsm;ESifh tpkd;&
trIxrf;rsm; yg0ifonfh vlMuD;
ykid ;f rsm; 0kid t
f rfbaD t toif;rS
zJcmG onf/ vlMuD;ykid ;f acgif;aqmif
ok;H OD;rSm tjidr;f pm;t&m&dS OD;bwl?
yGpJ m;MuD; OD;bk;d omESihf
0wfvHk
awmf& OD;oif;wkYdjzpfonf/ ,if;
tzGUJ udk wlomoif; [l ac:qkd
Muonf/
rk;d MudK; jrefrmjynfZmwfvrf;IyforQ
&efuek /f owif;*sme,fyEHk ydS /f 1973/
pm 85-6/ aemifu;dk um;vQif rk;d MudK;
jrefrmjynfZmwfvrf;IyforQ [knTGef;
rnf
atmufwb
dk m v
0kdiftrfbDat toif;csKyfMuD;\
Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m q|rtMudrf nD
vmcHudk armfvjrdKijf rdKUwGif usi;f y
onf/ toif;csKyOf u| tjzpf
OD;cspv
f idI t
f m;
a&G;aumufwif
ajrmufonf/
ocifbarmif 0HomEk pm 56^ 68
72
Ek0d ifb mv
2 Ek0d ifb m 1918 &Jabmfo;Hk usyd f
0if Akv
d &f efEidk u
f dk atmifvNH rdKUe,f
urav;&GmwGif OD;cefY? a':oefY
11 Ekd0ifb m 1918 yxrurm

ppfyGJwGif *smreDppfa&;tajctae
rvS vufeufcspmcsKyf vuf
rSwfa&;xkd;onf/
History P 355
30 Ekd0ifb m 1918 &Jabmf
ok;H usdy0f if Akv
d af usmfaZmukd ok;H
q,fjrdKUe,f? qkdif;pkaus;&GmwGif
OD;yef;? a':wif rdbESpyf g;rS arG;
zGm;onf/
'DZifb mv
17 'DZifb m 1918 jrefrmEkid if H
'kw,
d bk&ifcH qm&,f*seD ,f u
&ufa'gufu jrefrmjynf tkycf sKyf
a&; jyKjyifajymif;vJa&; pDru
H ed ;f
(Craddock Scheme)ukd xkwjf yef
aMunmonf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
1/ ol&d,r*Zif; twG-J 4? trSw-f 3?
1920? ar? pm 2
2/ Supplement to the Burma
Gazette No.51, 21 Dec 1918, P
959
1
9
1
9
73
ausmfNidrf;
Zefe0g&Dv
Zefe0g&D 1919 &efuek jf rdKU A[ef;
&dS oHCmawmfrsm; a&Twd*kHapwD
ukef;awmfay:wGif tpnf;ta0;
usi;f y OD;em*dE MuD;rSL;aom
oHCmh or*t
D zGUJ ukd zGUJ pnf;onf/
OD;av;armif jrefrmEkid if aH &;orkid ;f (y)
pm 177
tusO;f csKyf (weoFm&Dwidk ;f ) 1974 pm

3
31 rwf 1919 &Jabmfo;Hk usyd 0f if

Akv
d rf ;dk ukd &efuek jf rdKU OD;zk;d rS?D a':
at;wif rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
jrefrmhtvif; 1-4-43^14-5-43
azaz:0g&Dv
{jyDv
1 azaz:0g&D 1919 yifvpHk mcsKyf

vufrSwfa&;xkd;onfh 'l;0g;aZmf
&pfudk jrpfMuD;em;NrdKUwGif 0abmf
aZmfv? r&efa'g& rdbESpfyg;rS
arG;zGm;onf/
13 {jyD 1919 &Jabmfo;Hk usdy0f if

Akdvfwm&mukd ysOf;rem;jrdKUwGif
OD;taumuf? a':vGe;f rdbESpyf g;
rS arG;zGm;onf/
'l;0g;aZmf&pf\ ukd,fa&;twKywd
18-1-99
2 rwf 1919 OD;pde0f if; 19191993 aemif jynfaxmifpk qk&d ,

S f
vpf orw jrefrmEkid if aH wmf
yxrqk;H
0efMu;D csKyf ukd armf
vNrdKifNrdKU wnif;ukef;&yf OD;
oif;jrdKi?f a':zGm;MuL rdbESpyf g;rS
arG;zGm; onf/
18 {jyD 1919 oDaygrif;\ rd

zk&m; pkz&k m;vwfonf tdE,
d Ekid if H
&wem*D&rd S &efuek jf rdKUokYd jyefvnf
a&muf&v
Sd mjyD; A[ef;jrdKUe,f? csm
csDvrf; (,ck uk,
d rhf if;uk,
d chf sif;
vrf;) tdrt
f rSwf 23 wGif aexkid f
onf/
1/ Desai, Deposed King Thibaw
P 97
2/OD;oef;xGwf ]]rdz&k m;acgifMuD;ewf&mG
yxrtMudrf jynfolYvTwfawmf ukd,f

pm;vS,frsm;\ ukd,fa&;rSwfwrf;
pHuu
H ek jf cif;}} jrefrmhorkdif;okawoe
pmapmiftrSw(f 1)?1995?pm 165-194
rwfv
74
ukv
JG rkid ;f
onf/
{jyD-ar 1919 jrefrmjynf jyKjyif
vJa&; toif; (Burma Reform
Leauge)ukd a&TusiO
f ;D yk (aemif 21
OD; *spD b
D aD t) wnfaxmifonf/
Burma P 207
2/ pdejf rifh ESpf 200 jrefrmEkdifiHorkdif;
tbd"mef &efukef? pmvkyfief;ykHESdyf?
1969? pm 204-6/ aemifu;dk um;vQif
pdejf rifh ESpf 200 tbd"mef [kneT ;f rnf
3/ ocifbarmif 0HomEk pm 126 atmuf
ajcrSwfpkukdI

S w
f rf;1 pm 295
111
3/ ol&,
d owif;pm 4-8-36 pm 51
Zlvkdifv
7 Zlvkdif 1919 abyk&eSd f jrefrm
ukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJU t*FvefokdY
oabFmjzifh xGucf mG onf/
Mo*kwfv
arv
18 ar 1919 0kid t
f rfbaD t
toif;csKyf txl;tpnf;ta0;
usif;yonf/ tpnf;ta0;wGif
u&ufa'gufpDrHudef;ukd wkduf
zsuf jrefrmjynfow
l Ydk vkv
d m;
aom tkyfcsKyfa&;awmif;qkd&ef
twGuf t*FvefoYdk uk,
d pf m;vS,f
apvTw&f efq;Hk jzwfonf/ t*Fvef
oGm; uk,
d pf m;vS,rf sm;tjzpf 0kid f
trfbDatrS OD;bab (ol&d,)
OD;yk (0wfvaHk wmf& - a&Tusi)f
OD;xGe;f &deS f ausmif;tkyq
f &mMuD;
rEav; (abyk&eSd )f wkYdudk a&G;cs,f
8 Mo*kwfv 1919 abyk&eSd f

jrefrmuk,
d pf m;vS,t
f zGUJ t*Fvef
Ekid if H vef'efNrdKUokYda&muf&o
Sd nf/
*sLAvDa[mwGif vlxt
k pnf;
ta0;usi;f y&m yGpJ m;MuD;OD;bk;d om
obmywdtjzpf MuD;rSL;onf/
tpnf;ta0;wGif u&ufa'guf
pDru
H ed ;f ukd
ESpo
f uf oabmus
aMumif;? t*FvefomG ; abyk&eSd f
jrefrmuk,
d pf m;vS,t
f zGUJ onf jrefrm
jynfom;wkYd\ uk,
d pf m;vS,rf [kwf
aMumif; qk;H jzwfonf/ qk;H jzwf
75
ausmfNidrf;
csuu
f dk NAdwo
d QygvDrefEiS hf tdE,
d
tpkd;&okdY ay;ykdYonf/
wkdufpkd; *sLAvDa[m pm 30
19 Mo*kwf 1919 jAdwo

d QygvD
ref wGzJ ufaumfrwDa&SUwGif jrefrm
ukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJU0if OD;yk (a&T
usif)u jrefrmjynfow
l Ydk \ vkd
vm;csufrsm;ukd wifjyonf/
pm 394-403
pufwifb mv
15 pufwifwb
dk m 1919 csi;f rsK;d
cspaf wmfveS af &; acgif;aqmif Akv
d f
ckid u
f rf; uG,v
f eG o
f nf/
MuLMuLoif; ]]orkdif;a&;aumif;ol
csi;f rsK;d cspf Akv
d cf id k u
f rf;} Nr0wD twG-J 42?
trSw-f 9? 1994? Zlvidk f
atmufwb
dk mv
0kdiftrfbDattoif;csKyf\ EkdifiH
vk;H qkid &f m owrtMudrf ESpyf wf
vnfnv
D mcHudk usi;f yonf/ nD
vmcHwiG f jrefrmjynf jyKjyifajymif;
vJa&;toif; uk,
d pf m;vS,f OD;
armifarmifu rif;wkdifyiftrwf
76
OD;bwl? OD;bkd;om? OD;nGefYwkdY

onf ,kHMunftm;xm;xkdufol
rsm; r[kwfaomaMumifh if;wkdY
tm; rif;wkdifyiftrwf tjzpfrS
xkwyf ,f&ef tpk;d &xH arwm&yfcH
&ef tqkw
d ifoiG ;f &m rEav; jref
rm,k0toif; uk,
d pf m;vS,f OD;
bkd;vSu oabmwl axmufcH
ojzifh if;wkdYtm; rif;wkdifyif
trwftjzpfrS xkwyf ,f&ef tpk;d &
xH tvTmwifoiG ;f oifah Mumif;
oabmwl qk;H jzwfonf/
S w
f rf;1 pm 410-411
atmufwb
dk mv
4 atmufwb
dk m 1919 rEav;jrKd U
tdraf wmf&m bk&m;yGJ rEav;&mZ
0wf0efMuD; bavmh[if(Bloxhan)
onf bdeyfp;D bk&m;xJ 0ifvm
&m oHCmawmfwpfyg;u "m;ESihf
ckwfonf/
OD;ykuav; jrefrmhjynfwiG ;f a&; (vuf
a&;rl)
ukv
JG rkid ;f
1/ ol&,
d r*Zif; twG-J 3? trSw-f 11?
1920? Zefe0g&D? pm 30-41
1/wuov
dk Mf unfrm jrefrmtrsK;d orD;
avmu &efukef? pmayAdrmefykHESdyf?
1975/ pm 26/ aemifu;dk um;vQif
wuov
dk Mf unfrm jrefrmtrsKd;orD;
avmu [knGTef;rnf
3/ bckdif jrefrmjynfEidk if aH &; pm 901
jrefrmjynf rD;&xm; ukrP

u
D
wwd,wef; wGrJ sm;wGif wyfxm;
onfh
]Oa&mywku
d o
f m;rsm;
twGuo
f m} qkid ;f bkwu
f dk jzKwyf pf
onf/
17 Ekd0ifb m 1919 jAdwo

d QygvD
ref wGzJ ufaumfrwD tpD&ifcpH m
xkwjf yef&m
jrefrmEkid if o
H nf
tdE,
d Ekid if u
H o
hJ Ydk wm0efct
H yk cf sKyf
a&;ukd &oifo
h nf[k yg&do
S nf/
xifMu;D owif;pmtnTGef;(y)
135
ocifbarmif 0HomEk pm 90
29 atmufwkdb m 1919 Ak'b

m
om ausmif;uefb&k m;rsm;wGif
bdeyfp;D eif; 0ifa&mufomG ;vmjcif;
ESihf pyfvsO;f jy|mef;csuf xkwf
jyefonf/
pm
Ek0d ifb mv
16 Ek0d ifb m 1919 jrefrmhurk m &D
toif;ac: jrefrmtrsK;d orD;or*
(Burmese Women's Union)ukd
wnfaxmifonf/ jrefrmhukrm&D
trIaqmifrsm;rSm
Ou|
a':pk
tusKd;aqmif
a':zGm;opf
wGJzuf
a':cifapm
wGJzuf
a':vSar
wkdYjzpfonf/
20 Ekd0ifb m 1919 abyk&eSd f

uk,
d pf m;vS,t
f zGUJ tdE,
d Ekid if q
H idk f
&m twGi;f 0ef rGeaf w*lEiS hf awGU
qkHonf/
S w
f rf;1 pm 398
21 Ekd0ifb m 1919 &JabmfokH;

usdy0f if Akv
d Zf ifa,mfudk &efuek f
wkid ;f c&rf;NrdKUe,f at;&GmwGif OD;ykd
a':ESi;f jr rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
77
ausmfNidrf;
pm 399
'DZifb mv
3 'DZifb m 1919 NAdwdoQygvD
refvw
T af wmfwiG f tdE,
d Ekid if q
H idk f
&m twGi;f 0ef 0efMuD; rGeaf w*l
u jrefrmEkid if o
H nf tdE,
d Ekid if H
uJo
h Ydk tkycf sKyfa&;rsK;d vkv
d m;ygu
pDpOfay;rnf jzpfaMumif; okYd aomf
jrefrmwkYd u tdE,
d Ekid if EH iS hf rwl
aom tajccHtyk cf sKyaf &; pnf;rsO;f
ukd vkv
d m;ygvQif oD;oeYaf &;qGJ
wifjyrnfjzpfaMumif; ajymMum;
onf/
15 'DZifb m 1919 jrefrmuk,
d f
pm;vS,t
f zGUJ u tdE,
d Ekid if q
H idk &f m
twGi;f 0ef 0efMuD; rGeaf w*lEiS hf
oGm;a&muf awGUqk
H jrefrmEkid if H
tm; rnfonft
h yk cf sKyfa&; enf;
pepfjzifh jyKvkyrf nfenf;[k pkpH rf;
&m 0efMuD;rGeaf w*lu 1920 jynfh
ESpf arv rausmrf D ygvDrefoYdw
k if
jyrnfr[kwfaMumif;? aemufvm
rnfh jrefrmukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJUu
jrefrmwk\
d xifjrif,q
l csufrsm;
78
ukd ygvDrefoYdk wifjyEkid &f ef aqmif

&Gu&f ef ajymMum;onf/
132-3
S w
f rf;1 pm 399
23 'DZifb m 1919 jAw

d o
d QygvD
refu 1919 tdE,
d tufOya'ukd
twnfjyKonf/
1919 'geokctoif; wnf

axmifonf/ trIaqmiftzGJU0if
rsm;rSm
Ou|
a':Muifred S f
tusK;d aqmif
a':vScif
wkYdjzpfonf/ 0kid t
f rfbD
attoif;MuD;ESihf qufo,
G af om
tcg 0HomEkurk m &Dtoif; (Y. W.
B. A - Young Women Buddhist
Association )[kajymif;vJ ac:
a0:&ef qk;H jzwfonf/

S w
f rf;1 pm 432
3/ bckdif jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; pm 93
4/ wuov
dk Mf unfrm jrefrmtrsKd;
orD;avmu pm 28-29
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Zefe0g&Dv
3 Zefe0g&D 1920 &Jabmfo;Hk usyd f
0if Akv
d b
f ek ;f jrifu
h kd vufyw
H ef;jrdKU
e,f? uGr;f NcH&mG wGif OD;b? a':a&T
cJ rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
1
9
4 Zefe0g&D 1920 abyk&eSd f jrefrm

uk,
d pf m;vS,t
f zGUJ t*FvefEidk if rH S
jrefrmEkid if o
H Ydk oabFmjzifh jyef
vnfxGufcGmonf/
azaz:0g&Dv
6 azaz:0g&D 1920 abyk&eSd f

jrefrmukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJU &efukef
jrdKUokYd a&muf&o
Sd nf/
pm 407
29 azaz:0g&D 1920 0kid t

f rfbD
at jynfv;Hk uRwf tpnf;ta0;
ukd *sLAvDa[mwGif usi;f yonf/
abyk&edS f uk,
d pf m;vS,t
f zGUJ u jref
rmEkid if H tkycf sKyfa&; jyKjyifajymif;
vJa&;twGuf t*FvefEidk if w
H iG f
MudK;yrf;cJhrIrsm;tm; wifjyonf/
79
ausmfNidrf;
rwfv
25 rwf 1920 yifvkHpmcsKyfvuf
rSwaf &;xk;d onfh
OD;cGex
f ;D ukd
vJcsm;NrdKUwGif vk;H cGeZf ?H ygeef;pH
&Sr;f jynfe,f Ekid if *hH P
k &f nfb UJG &&do
S rl sm;
\ ukd,fa&;rSwfwrf; vufESdyfpufrl
jrefrmEkid if 'H w
k ,
d bk&ifcu
H &uf
a'gufwifjyonfh jrefrmEkid if t
H yk f
csKyfa&; jyKjyifajymif;vJa&; pDrH
ude;f ukd tdE,
d bk&ifccH sKyf csrf;p
zkYd EiS hf tdE,
d tpk;d &u oabmwl
onf/
Burma P 206
arv
2 ar 1920 0kid t
f rfbaD t toif;
u MuD;rSL; *sLAvDa[m vlxk
tpnf;ta0; usi;f yum u&uf
a'guf pDrHudef;ukd uefYuGuf
aMumif; qk;H jzwfonf/
pm 425-431
80
29 ar 1920
0kid t
f rfbaD t
toif;ESihf Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f mtoif;
tzGUJ rsm;\ qk;H jzwfcsut
f &jrefrm
Ekid if t
H m; 'kid t
f mcDac: yl;wGw
J m0ef
cHtkyfcsKyfa&;&&dSatmif awmif;qkd
&ef OD;bab? OD;yk(a&Tusif)ESifh
0wfvaHk wmf& OD;odr;f armif (azyk
armif) uk,
d pf m;vS,t
f zGUJ t*Fvef
Ekid if o
H Ydk xGucf mG onf/
pm 437-501
ZGefv
2 ZGef 1920 t*FvefEidk if o
H mG ;
a&mufco
hJ nfh jrefrmuk,
d pf m;vS,f
tzGJU0ifwpfOD;jzpfol OD;xGef;&dSef
uG,fvGefonf/
7 ZGef 1920
OD;armifarmifc
1920-1995 aemif jynfaxmifpk
qk&d ,
S v
f pforw jrefrmEkid if aH wmf
0efMuD;csKyf ukd &efuek Nf rdKU OD;cspf
az a':cifwifh rdbESpyf g;rS arG;
zGm;onf/
yxrtMudrf jynfoYlvw
T af wmfu,
dk pf m;
vS,rf sm;\ uk,
d af &;rSww
f rf; tusO;f
csKyf(&efukefwkdif;) 1974 pm 34
262-4
ukv
JG rkid ;f
30 ZGef 1920 abykarmif uk,

d f
pm;vS,ftzGJU t*FvefEkdifiHa&muf
&dSonf/
Zlvkdifv
Mo*kwfv
1 Mo*kwf 1920 0kid t
f rfbaD t
toif;rS MuD;rSL; *sLAvDa[m
wGif &efuek w
f uov
dk f tufOya'
ukd uefYuu
G o
f nfh vlxt
k pnf;
ta0; usi;f yonf/
5 Zlvkdif 1920 abykarmif uk,

d f
pm;vS,t
f zGUJ tdE,
d Ekid if H jyKjyif
ajymif;vJa&; tkycf sKyfa&;aumfrwD
ESihf awGUqkpH Of jrefrmhvv
dk m;csuf
rsm; ajymMum;onf/
(y) pm 247
12 Mo*kwf 1920 abykarmifu,

dk f
pm;vS,ftzGJUu rpwmrGefaw*l
ESihf awGUqkjH yD; tkycf sKyfa&;topf
jyKjyifa&;ESihf pyfvsO;f ajymMum;
onf/
18 Zlvkdif 1920 jrefrmEkid if H jyK

jyifajymif;vJa&;toif; (Burma
Reform League)tpnf;ta0;
usi;f y &efuek w
f uov
dk f Oya'
ukduefYuGufonf/
Burma Observer 24-7-1920
20 Zlvkdif 1920 abykarmif
ukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJUu rpwmrGef
aw*lxH jrefrmjynfrS ay;ykYd vu
dk f
aom pmwrf;ukd wifoiG ;f onf/
S w
f rf;1 pm 501
Burma P 214
pm 501
27 Mo*kwf 1920 &Jabmfo;Hk usyd f

0if Akv
d o
f ef;wifudk rGejf ynfe,f
armfvNrdKifjrdKUe,f anmifyifqdyf
&Gm OD;armif? a':pk;d rdbESpyf g;rS
arG;zGm;onf/
81
ausmfNidrf;
pufwifb mv
2 pufwifb m 1920 &JabmfokH;
usdy0f if Akv
d af pmaemifudk &efuek f
NrKd U urm&Gwf &Sr;f pk&mG OD;bk;d nGeYf?
a':a&Trw
S f rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;
onf/
26 pufwifb m 1920 &efuek f

wuov
dk f tufOya'ukd jrefrm
ekid if H 'kw,
d bk&ifcH qm&,f*seD ,f
u&ufa'gufu vufco
H nf/
The Burma Gazette, PIII ,20 Nov
1920 , PP 595-606
atmufwb
dk mv
18 atmufwkdb m 1920 &Jabmf
ok;H usdy0f if Akv
d rf if;acgifudk MudKU
yifaumufNrdKU OD;aomMum? a':
aMumh rdbESpyf g;rS arG;zGm;onf/
29 - 31 atmufwb
dk m 1920 0kid f
trfbDat toif;MuD;\ EkdifiH
vk;H qkid &f m t|rtMurd f (&SpMf urd )f
ajrmufnv
D mcHudk
jynfNrdKUwGif
usi;f yonf/ nDvmcHwiG f 0kid t
f rf
bDatukd jrefrm wkid ;f &if;om;
toif;rsm;\
toif;csKyMf u;D
(General Council of Burmese
AssociationG.C.B.A) [kajymif;
vJac:a0:&ef qkH;jzwfonf/
Ek0d ifb mv
30 Ekd0ifb m 1920 &efuek w
f u
okv
d f tufOya' 1920 t& &ef
ukew
f uov
kd f t"dywd u (The
Regulations of the University)
ukd xkwjf yefaMunmonf/
The Burma Gazette, PIV, 4-121920,PP 1476-1507
'DZifb mv
24 atmufwkdb m 1920 &efuek f
wuov
dk f tufOya'ukd tdE,
d
bk&ifccH sKyf csrf;pzkYd u xkwjf yef
aMunmonf/
The Burma Gazette, PIII ,20 Nov
1920 , PP 595-606
82
1 'DZifb m 1920
&efuek f
wuov
dk f tufOya' pwiftm
PmwnfcJhjyD; &efukefwuokdvf
ESihf *syfqifaumvdyw
f Ydk yg0ifzUJG
pnf;aom &efuek w
f uov
dk f ay:
aygufvmonf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
&efuek w
f uov
dk o
f rkid ;f 1920-1995
&efuek ?f wuov
dk rf sm;ykEH ydS ?f 1995? pm
9/aemifu;dk um;vQif &efuek f wuov
dk f
orkdif; [kTef;rnf
3 'DZifb m 1920
&efuek f
wuov
dk f ausmif;om;rsm; jzpf
onfh ukb
d cif? ukb
d ;dk uGe;f ? ukb
d
OD;? ukad tmif'if? ukx
d eG ;f 0if;? ukd
azode;f ? ukb
d &Sif (oHw)JG ? ukb
d
&Si(f xm;0,f)? aunDyw
d ?f ukv
d S
wifEiS hf ukad rmifat;wkYo
d nf a&Tw*d Hk
apwD&ifjyifawmf taemufawmif
axmifw
h iG f pnf;a0;um &efuek f
wuov
dk f tufOya'udk oydwf
arSmuf&ef opmt"d|mefjyKcJo
h nf/
trsKd;om;aeY a&T&wkobif txdrf;
trSwfpmapmif? &efuek ?f A[kyd EHk ydS ?f 19
71? pm 51 / aemifu;dk um;vQif trsKd;
om;aeYa&T&wkpmapmif [kTef;rnf
4 'DZifb m 1920 &efukefaum

vdyEf iS hf *syq
f ifaumvdyrf aS usmif;
om;rsm; A[ef;? a&Tusiaf usmif;
wku
d ?f OD;t&d,ausmif; twGi;f
tpnf;ta0; usi;f yjy;D &efuek f
wuov
dk f tufOya'ukd oydwf
arSmuf&ef qkH;jzwfcJhonf/
5 'DZifb m 1920 oydwaf rSmuf

aumifpD acgif;aqmif OD;bOD;tdrf
wGif tpnf;ta0;jyKvkyaf epOf OD;
vlaz0if;a&muf&dSvmjyD; ausmif;
om;rsm; oydwaf rSmufrnfu
h pd u
dk
q&mMuD; rufo,l;[ef;wm; od
oGm;jyD; 'DZifbm 6 &ufaeYwiG f
qkH;rpum; ajymMum;vdrfhrnfjzpf
aMumif; owif;ykYdco
hJ nf/ wGif
q&mMuD; qk;H rpum;ajymvQif o
ydwaf rSmufrnft
h pDtpOf ysuo
f mG ;
rnfudk pk;d &dr
f 'DZifbm 7 &uft
xdrqkdif;awmhbJ csufcsif;oydwf
arSmuf&ef qk;H jzwfjyD; &efuek f
wuov
dk f yxrausmif;om; o
ydwf pwifarSmufonf/
vlxOk ;D vS uRefawmfowif;axmuf
rEav;/ MuD;yGm;a&;ykEH ydS /f 1971/ pm
43-63
13 'DZifb m 1920jAdwo
d QygvDref
vTwaf wmf jrefrmjynfta&;udp
ESihf pyfvsO;f wifjy&m 0efMuD;
rGeaf w*lu jrefrmjynf tkycf sKyf
a&; jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;ukd a&SUESprf S
pDrrH nf[k ajzonf/
trsKd;om;aeYa&T&wkpmapmif pm 14
83
ausmfNidrf;

Burma P 210
S w
f rf;1 pm 502
29 'DZifb m 1920 *spD b

D aD t
toif;csKyfMuD;\ jynfvkH;uRwf
ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;ukd &efuek f
jrKd UwGif
usi;f y ae&Sief ,f
ausmif;rsm;? aumvdyaf usmif;rsm;
ESihf odyaH usmif;rsm;ukd
jrefrm
EkdifiHtwGif; zGifhvSpf&efESifh 0kdif
trfbaD tESihf tvm;wltoif;
rsm; MuD;Muyftyk cf sKyaf om ausmif;
rsm;ukd ae&Sief ,fausmif;rsm; jyK
vky&f ef? oydwaf rSmufausmif;om;
rsm;ukd tpk;d &ausmif;ESit
hf axmuf
tyHch aH usmif;ukd
jyefrwuf&ef
wku
d w
f eG ;f EI;d aqmf&ef qk;H jzwf
onf/
1920 &Jabmfo;Hk usyd 0f ifAv

dk jf r'if
ukd om,m0wDckid f tkwzf jdk rdKUwGif
OD;armifaz? a':a&Tzef rdbESpyf g;
rS arG;zGm;onf/
84
1
9
2
1
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Zefe0g&Dv
7 Zefe0g&D 1921 abykarmif
uk,
d pf m;vS,t
f zGUJ t*FvefrS jref
rmEkid if o
H Ydk jyefvnfxu
G cf mG onf/
&efuek /f eHUomykEH ydS /f 1967/ pm 11/
aemifu;dk um;vQif [efwif jrefrmEkdifiH
awmfrSwfwrf;-2 [kTef;rnf
azaz:0g&Dv
1 azaz:0g&D 1921
The Rangoon development Trust ukd zGUJ
pnf;onf/
R.A.B 1922-3
6 azaz:0g&D 1921 abykarmif

ukd,fpm;vS,ftzGJU &efukefjrdKUokdY
jyefvnfa&muf&dSonf/
pm 11
26 azaz:0g&D 1921 *spD b

D aD t
A[kt
d oif;csKyf tpnf;ta0;usi;f
y t*FvefEidk if o
H mG ; jrefrmuk,
d f
pm;vS,ftzGJUu if;wkdY\aqmif
&Gucf surf sm;ukd &Si;f vif;ajymMum;
onf/
P 17
rwfv
OD;Owr a';'&JNrdKU rrJwZl mwfHk
wGif w&m;a[monf/
ol&d,owif;pm 8^14 Zlvidk ?f 1921

OD;Owr a';'&JNrdKU pkuvyfaus;
&GmwGif w&m;a[monf/
10 rwf 1921 q&mawmf

OD;Owr ausmif;uke;f jrdKU w&m;yGJ
wGif w&m;a[maepOf a';'&JjrdKU
pkuvyf&mG w&m;yGw
J iG f tpk;d &
tMunfndKysufatmif
a[m
ajymrIjzifh tzrf;cH&onf/

q&mawmf
OD;Owr a';'&JNrdKU
e,f wrmwaum aus;&GmwGif
w&m; a[monf/
18 rwf 1921
jrefrmEkid if w
H iG f
oef;acgifpm&if; aumuf,&l m vl
OD;a& 13212192 OD; (atmufjref
rmEkid if w
H iG f 6862 106 OD;ESihf
85
ausmfNidrf;
txufjrefrmEkdifiHwGif 6350
086 OD;) &So
d nf/
R.A.B 1921-22 P 30
Burma Hand Book 1944, P 30
{jyDv
3 {jyD 1921 a&eHacsmif; ausmuf
pmkHbk&m;ausmif;wkduf a&eHajr
tvkyform;rsm; tpnf;ta0;
usi;f yum avbm,le,
D H (Labour Union) ac: jrefrmjynf a&eH
ajr tvkyform;toif; wnf
axmifonf/
oifhonf[k axmufcH tMuHay;

csufukd tdEd,EkdifiHqkdif&m rIcif;
udpr sm;twGuf zGJUpnf;xm;aom
ygvDrefvw
G af wmf tNrJwrf; wGJ
zuf aumfrwDu axmufco
H nf/
1/ John Leroy Christian Modern
Burma,University of California
press 1942. PP 62-63 :hereafter
cited as Christian Modern
Burma
2/Government of Burma Act,

1921, Parliamentary Papers,
1920,Vol. XXXV,Cmd 746/ 1921,
Vol. XXVI, Cmd 1194/ 1922, Vol.
XVI, Cmd 1671-2
Iaxmifh*sme,f trSw-f 51? ara';

txl;xkw?f 1-5-1991 pm 20
(y) pm 167^ 222
{jyD 1921 avmh&'d if; (Earl of

Reading) onf tdE,
d bk&ifcH
csKyf &mxl;ukd vufcaH qmif&u
G f
onf/
P 1043
Zlvkdifv
arv
25 ar 1921 tdEd,EkdifiHqkdif&m
twGi;f 0ef rGeaf w*lu jAdwo
d Qyg
vDrefoYdk 1919 tdE,
d tufOya'
onf jrefrmEkid if EH iS v
hf nf; oufqidk f
86
2 - 3 Zlvkdif 1921 jrefrmjynf

r[moHCor*t
D zGUJ csKyu
f dk &efuek f
jrKd U A[ef;&yfwiG f wnfaxmifonf/
trIaqmifq&mawmfrsm;rSm
Ou|
tv,fawm&
q&mawmf
t*r[my@dw
OD;aumov
'k-Ou|
Munfjhrifwid k af 0VK0ef
q&mawmf
ukv
JG rkid ;f
OD;y@dw
jynfjrUydK GifhvSodrfukef;
q&mawmf OD;oD[
tusKd;aqmifOD;0dok'? OD;a0ykv
OD;pEESifh
urum&u q&mawmf 15 yg;ukd
a&T;cs,fwifajrmufonf/
ol&d,owif;pm 4-7-21
3 Zlvidk f 1921 *spD b

D aD t toif;
csKyf tpnf;ta0;usi;f y&m om
,m0wD a&SUae OD;yku [kr ;l
(Home Rule) ac: toif;wpfck
wnfaxmif&ef tqkdwifoGif;&m
oabmwltwnfjyKonf/
pm 22-23
4 Zlvkdif 1921 q&mawmf

OD;Owr tm; rtlyifta&;ykid f ;Hk rS
tdE,
d &mZowfusix
hf ;Hk Oya'yk'd rf
124 (u) ESihf 153 (u) t&tjypf
&daS Mumif; awGU& axmif'Pfwpf
ESpEf iS hf &Spv
f csrw
S o
f nf/
ol&d,owif;pm 6-7-21
Mo*kwfv
A[ef;&yf a&Tusiaf usmif;wku

d f OD;
t&d,ausmif;wGif trsK;d om;aum
vdyf zGiv
hf pS o
f nf/
28 Mo*kwf 1921 jrefrmEkid if v

H ;Hk
qkid &f m [kr ;l toif;MuD;\ yxr
tMudrt
f pnf;ta0;ukd &efuek jf rdKU
ppfuJarmifaxmfav;vrf;(,ck
Akv
d q
f eG yf ufvrf;)&dS t&pfa[mkH
usif;yNyD; [kr ;l toif; zGUJ pnf;
xlaxmif&efEiS hf [kr ;l toif;MuD;
tm;
*spD b
D aD t toif;csKyEf iS hf
tpOfrjywf qufo,
G x
f m;&ef qk;H
jzwfonf/ toif;acwtrIaqmif
rsm; tjzpf
Ou|
OD;cspfvIdif
'k Ou|
OD;bpD
wGzJ uftwGi;f a&;rSL; OD;yk(om,m
0wD)
OD;a&TMuL;
aiGxdrf;
OD;bab
(ol&d,)
wkYdtm; a&G;cs,f wifajrmufonf/
pm 27-30
14 Mo*kwf 1921 &efukefjrdKU?

87
ausmfNidrf;
pufwifb mv
23 pufwifb m 1921 jrifueG ;f
rif;om; AD,uferfEidk if H qkid *f jHk rdKU
wGif uG,v
f eG o
f nf/
a'gufwmbcsp]f ]jrifueG ;f rif;twKywd
ESit
hf a&;awmfy}Hk } xGef;aeYpOfowif;pm
31-9-56
atmufwb
dk mv
20 atmufwb
dk m 1921 rEav;
jrdKUtaemufjyif pukwu
dk f ,Ge;f
ausmif;wGif rEav;jrdKUESit
hf xuf
jrefrmEkid if rH S oHCor*D 93 zGUJ rS
ukd,fpm;vS,frsm; oHCtzGJUcsKyf
zGUJ &ef pnf;a0;jy;D jrefrmjynf orm
orK'omoemawmfvkH; qkdif&m
r[moHC tzGJUcsKyfukd zGJUpnf;
onf/ trIaqmifq&mawmfrsm;
rSm
Ou| ab;rJq
h &mawmfO;D a&0w
tusK;d aqmifcsKyf
qdwMu
f ;D ausmif;
q&mawmfOD;ynmomrd
wGJzuftusKd;aqmif OD;tmavm
u? OD;0DZ,
wkYt
d m; a&G;aumuf wif
ajrmufonf/
(y) pm 180-2
88
2/ ]]ab;rJh q&mawmfb&k m;MuD;\

twKywt
d usO;f }}ol&,
d r*Zif; wG-J 11?
trSw-f 9? 1927? Ek0d ifbm? pm 3536
21 - 24 atmufwb
dk m 1921
*spD b
D aD t toif;Mu;D \ e0r
tMurd f Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m nDvmcHudk
rEav;NrdKUwGif usi;f y&m aersK;d
od'ad usmx
f if bGUJ cH wy,if;0ef
axmuf OD;Nru
J obmywd tjzpf
aqmif&u
G o
f nf/ nDvmcHwiG f a&T
wd*aHk pwDuek ;f awmfay:rS t*Fvyd f
cHwyf a&TUajymif;ay;&ef? 0Iu
d f
aumfrwDEiS hf a0vrif;om;tm;
oydwfarSmuf&efESifh trsKd;om;aeY
owf r S w f a &;rsm;uk d aqG ; aEG ;
jy|mef;cJhonf/ pnf;vkH;nDnGwf
aom *spD b
D aD t \ aemufq;Hk nD
vmcH jzpfonf/
S w
f rf;2 pm 50-84
(y) pm 184
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Ek0d ifb mv
4 Ek0d ifb m-18 'DZifb m 1921
z&uf'&pf0u
dI f (Mr. A Frederick
Whyte)OD;aqmifonfh 0Iu
d af umf
rwDu jrefrmEkid if u
H dk 'kid t
f mcD tkyf
csKyfa&; wk;d jriahf y;oifh ray;oifh
pkpH rf;tpD&ifc&H ef ppfaq;rIrsm;
pwifonf/
Burma Reforms Committee
odyHbGJU (*kPfxl;) 1 OD;ESifh

Oya'bGUJ 14 OD; pkpak ygif; 53 OD;
udk bGUJ rsm; cs;D jrio
hf nf/
OD;jr[ef? OD;ausmfjidrf;?a':ndKndKcif?
OD;rsK;d OD;? &efuek w
f uov
dk f &ufpo
JG rkid ;f
(1920-1995) &efuek w
f uov
dk f pdef
&wktxdr;f trSw?f uGeyf sLwmrl? &efuek f
jrefueG t
f usK;d aqmifvyk if ef; 1995/ pm
17/aemifu;dk um;vQif&efuek w
f uov
dk f
&ufpGJorkdif; [kTef;rnf/
Record of Evidence Vol.I, II & III

Yangon Govt printing, 1922,
'DZifb mv
28 Ek0d ifb m 1921 &efuek w

f uov
dk f
\yxrOD;qk;H tMudrb
f UJG ESi;f obif
tcrf;tem;ukd *sLAvDa[mwGif
usif;y&m jrefrmEkdifiH 'kwd,
bk&ifc?H &efuek w
f uov
dk f t"d
ywd qm&,f*seD ,f u&ufa'guf
u bGUJ rsm; ay;tyf cs;D jrio
hf nf/
bGJUESif;obiftcrf; tem;wGif
t*r[my@dw v,fwDq&m
awmf OD;P"Ztm; *kPfxl;
aqmif Oya'yg&*lbUJG ? rpwm
pD'ldGKifZ,ftm; *kPfxl;aqmif
r[m0dZm bGUJ rsm; cs;D jrijhf yD; 0dZm bGUJ
(k;d k;d ) 23 OD;? 0dZm bGUJ (*kPx
f ;l )
9 OD;? odyb
H UJG (k;d k;d ) 6 OD;?
'DZifb m 1921 a0vrif;om;ukd

oydwfarSmufojzifh *sDpDbDat
0HomEk acgif;aqmifMuD;rsm;ukd
zrf;qD; e,fEiS f 'Pfay;onf/
e,fEiS 'f Pfay;cH&aom yk*Kd vfrsm;
rSm toif;csKyOf u|
OD;cspv
f idI f
awmifMuD;jrdKUokdY
toif;csKyf 'kw,
d Ou| OD;bpD
aumhaomif;jrdKUokdY
0wfvHk OD;uGe;f vm;I;d jrdKUokYd
vG,t
f w
d Mf uD; OD;bvIid f armfvu
dk f
jrdKUokdY
jrefrmtvif; OD;pdr;f [krv
if;jrdKU
okdY
rEav;OD;bOD; oHwGJjrdKUokdY
89
ausmfNidrf;
pDyDOD;cifarmif jrpfMuD;em;jrdKUokdY
&rf;NAJ OD;armifarmif
rpwm w&yf*sD
wkdYjzpfonf/
S w
f rf;2 pm 137-8
(y) pm 223
1921 jAdwo
d Q t&if;&Siu
f rk P
D
MuD;rsm;jzpfaom pwD;b&m;om;
(The Steel Brothers ltd) t*Fvdk
bmrif;ukrP
D (The Anglo Burman Co) t,fvmrif tm&uef
ukrP
D (The Ellerman's Arr-
1
9
2
acan Rice and Trading Co

ltd)ESihf bvkyb
f &m;om; (Bull och Bros Co.Ltd)
ukrP
aD v;ck
pkaygif; blvif*smyl;(Bullinger
Pool) ac: qefpyg;a&mif;0,f
a&;toif;MuD;d wnfaxmifonf/
Burma P 279
2/ 1292 awmifov
l ,form; ta&;
awmfykH? &efuek ?f pmayAdrmefyEHk ydS ?f 19
65? pm 49-50? aemifu;dk um;vQif
awmifolv,form;ta&;awmfykH[k
Te;f rnf/
90
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Zefe0g&D
{jyDv
2 - 10 Zefe0g&D 1922 a0v

rif;om; 23-6-1894-29-51972) (0ifqmjrdKUpm;MuD; aemif
t*Fvefb&k if tuf'yG f 8 Edward
8/ eef;pGeYf b&
k if jrefrmEkid if H vm
a&mufonf/
Daily Mail Year Book 1961 P
46
10 {jyD 1922 0Iu

d af umfrwD
tpD&ifcHpmukd xkwfjyefaMunm
onf/ tpD&ifcpH mwGif jrefrmEkid if H
ukd 'kid t
f mcDtyk cf sKyaf &; wk;d jriahf y;
&ef axmufco
H nf/
ZGefv
azaz:0g&D
12 ZGef 1922 NAdwo

d QygvDrefu
Burma Reform Billukd twnf
jyKonf/
25 azaz:0g&D 1922 Akv

d &f x
J #G u
f dk
&efuek Nf rdKU? wmarGuav;&yf OD;
bkd;vGif-a':apm&Sif rdbESpfyg;rS
arG;zGm;onf/
rwfv
19 rwf 1922
&Sr;f jynfe,f
ajrmufyidk ;f rlq,fNrdKUe,f&Sd &Gmwpf
&Gmudk tdrfeD;csif;wkwfe,fxJrS
tiftm; 200 cefY&Sd Atsi Kachins
rsm;u vma&mufwu
dk cf u
dk o
f nf/
R.A.B 1921-22 P 43
jr[ef ukv
kd edk aD cwftb "d mef pm 179180
rk;d MuKd ; jrefrmjynfZmwfvrf;Iyo

f rQ pm
93
17 - 18 ZGef 1922 *spD b

D aD t
toif;csKyfMuD;\ txl;tpnf;
ta0;ukd *sLAvDa[mwGif usi;f y
onf/ tpnf;ta0;wGif e0r
nDvmcHu vTt
J yfvu
dk af om trsK;d
om;aeY udpu
dk aqG;aEG;onf/
tkwfzkdukd,fpm;vS,f OD;[efu
wuov
dk f tufOya'udk aum
vdyaf usmif;om;rsm; oydwaf rSmuf
aom wefaqmifrkef;vjynfhausmf
10 &uf ukd trsK;d om;aeYtjzpf
91
ausmfNidrf;
vufc&H ef tqkw
d ifoiG ;f &m axmufcH
ojzifh qkH;jzwfjy|mef;onf/
26 ZGef 1922 q&mawmfO;D Owr

axmifrS vGwo
f nf/
f rQ pm
93
Zlvkdifv
1 Zlvkdif 1922 jrefrmjynfwiG f
'dik t
f mcDOya' pwif twnfjyK
onf/
1/txl;jrefrma*Zuf 30 ar 1922
2/[efwif jrefrmEkdifiHawmfrSwfwrf;2 pm 174
2 Zlvidk f 1922 q&mawmfO;D Owr

uefawmhyu
JG dk
*sLAvDa[mwGif
usif;yonf/
f rQ pm
174
1922,P 508-9
15 - 16 Zlvidk f 1922 &efuek jf rdKU?

*sLAvDa[mwGif *spD b
D aD t A[kd
toif;csKyf tpnf;ta0; usi;f y
&m'kid t
f mcDtyk cf sKyfa&;pepf vufcH
oifh vufrcHoifh tjiif;yGm;onf/
tpnf;ta0;wGif q&mawmf OD;
Owru OD;babwifoGif;onfh
]]'kid t
f mcDtyk cf sKyfa&;pepft&usif;
yonfh a&G;aumufyw
JG iG 0f ifa&muf
ta&G;cH xkad umifpu
D dk oydwf
arSmufoifh roif?h 1923 ckEpS f yJc;l
wGif usi;f yrnfh *spD b
D aD t toif;
csKyf ESpyf wfvnfnv
D mcHwiG f qk;H
jzwf&ef}} tqku
d dk uefYuu
G af jym
Mum;onf/ tpnf;ta0;wGif wpf
OD;ESiw
hf pfO;D jiif;ck&H mrS qlyMl ujyD;
tpnf;ta0; ysufomG ;onf/
1/ocifbarmif 0HomEk pm 207
2/ rk;d MuKd ; jrefrmjynfZmwfvrf;Iyo
f rQ
pm 179-180
Mo*kwfv
13 Zlvkdif 1922 jrefrmEkid if w
H iG f
'kid t
f mcDtyk cf sKyaf &;t& a&G;aumuf
yGJ usi;f y&eftwGuf trwfavmif;
avQmufvmT wif&ef aMunmonf/
The Burma Gazette P 1, 15 July,
92
26 - 27 Mo*kwf 1922 &efuek f

jrdKU*sLAvDa[mwGif OD;cspv
f idI ?f om
,m0wD OD;yk? OD;xGe;f atmifausmf
MuD;rSL; *spD b
D aD t tpnf;ta0;
usif;yjyD; 'kid t
f mcDtyk cf sKyfa&; ukd
ukv
JG rkid ;f
vufco
H nfh OD;babacgif;aqmif
onfh 21 OD;tzGJUukd *sDpDbDat
toif;csKyrf S xkwyf ,f&ef qk;H jzwf
jy|mef;onf/ (tcsderf pS jyD; OD;
cspv
f idI ?f om,m0wDO;D yk? OD;xGe;f
atmifausmf MuD;rSL;onfh *spD b
D D
atukd vIid yf ak usmf *spD b
D aD tô
ydwaf rSmuf *spD b
D aD t[k trnf
wGifonf/)
pufwifb mv
30 pufwifb m 1922 &efuek f
jrKd U *sLAvDa[m OD;babacgif;
aqmifonfh 21 OD; *spD b
D aD tu
jrefrmEkdifiHvkH;qkdif&m txl;uGefz
&ifh usi;f y 'kid t
f mcDOya'jyKtzGUJ
okYd 0ifa&muf&ef qk;H jzwfonf/

MunfnGefY orkdif;0ifol&d,? jrefrmh
tvif; [kTef;rnf/
2/ ol&d,owif;pm 24-11-1927
S w
f rf;3/ [efwif jrefrmEkid if aH wmfrw
2 pm 319
atmufwb
dk m
1 atmufwb
dk m 1922 ya'o&mZf
&Sr;f jynfe,frsm; (Federated Shan
States)ukd zGUJ pnf;onf/
1/ Shan State Manuel P 5
2/ R.A.B 1931-32 P 22
23 atmufwkdb m 1922 bked m
avmh ( A. Bonar law ) onf
t*FvefEkdifiH 0efMuD;csKyf &mxl;
vufcH aqmif&u
G o
f nf/
Ek0d ifb mv
pufwifb m 1922 rpwm tk'd *D
vefAD (Mr. Oscar De Glanville)
OD;pD; yk*d &ufqpfygwD (Progressive Party ) wnfa xmif
onf/
1/cspfMunfa&;MunfnGefY orkdif;0if
ol&,
d ?jrefrmhtvif;ESihf jrefrmhEidk if aH &;
('kw,
d tMudr)f ? &efuek ?f ykord yf EHk ydS ?f
9 - 10 Ekd0ifb m 1922 vIid yf k

ausmf *spD b
D aD t (0HomEk*spD b
D D
at) u Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m 'r
tMudrf ESpyf wfvnf nDvmcHudk
o&ufjrdKUwGiu
f si;f yonf/ nDvm
cH pwifziG v
hf pS o
f nfah eUwGif q&m
awmfOD;Owru 'kdiftmcDtkyfcsKyf
93
ausmfNidrf;
a&;t& usi;f yrnfh a&G;aumufyJG

ukd oydwaf rSmuf&ef rdeYf ceG ;f ajym
Mum;onf/ nDvmcHwiG f uk,
kd yf idk f
tkycf sKyaf &; ( Home Rule)awmif;
qko
d nft
h qku
d dk wifoiG ;f qk;H jzwf
jy|mef;onf/
f rQ
pm 219-231
21 Ek0d ifb m 1922 jrefrmEkid if w

H iG f
'kdiftmcDtkyfcsKyfa&; pepf t&
yxrtMudrf Oya'jyKvTwfawmf
trwfa&G;aumufyGJ usif;yonf/
Oya'jyK
vTwaf wmfudk
trwf 103 OD; (jynfoUl rJqEjzifh
a&G;aumufaomtrwf 79 OD;?
t&m&dS 14 OD;? tpk;d &cefY t&m&dS
r[kwo
f l 8 OD;? 0efMuD;csKyEf pS Of ;D )
zGUJ pnf;rnf jzpfonf/
a&G;aumufyw
JG iG f jrefrmEkid if H vlO;D a& 13
350920 OD;
qErJ ay;Ekid o
f nfh rJ
pm&if;&dS vlOD;a&aygif; 176
94
7227 OD;
rJay;ol OD;a& 104568
rJqEay;onfh &mckid f EIe;f
5.92 %
a&G;aumufyw
JG iG f rpwm td'k *D
vefADMuD;rSL;onfh ykd*&ufqpf
ygwD? 21OD; *spD b
D aD tMu;D rSL;onfh
(Nationalist Party) trsK;d om; yg
wD? qma*satarmifMuD; MuD;rSL;
onfhtif'Dyif;'ifhygwD (Independent Party)wkYd 0ifa&muf ta&G;
cHonf/ trsK;d om;ygwD\ acgif;
aqmifrmS 0wfvaHk wmf&OD;yk (a&T
usi)f ESihf 'kw,
d acgif;aqmifrmS
OD;bab jzpfonf/ if;wkYd tzGUJ rS
trwf 26 OD; ta&G;cH&onf/
2/xGef;oef; jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; pm
149
3/ol&d,owif;pm 24-11-27
4/bckdif jrefrmjynfEidk if aH &; pm 7475
(y) pm 243
6/ OD;bat; jynfa&;jynf&Gmynm
&efukef? jynfMuD;r@dKifyd#uwfykHEdSyf?
1934?pm36-37 aemifukd;um;vQif
OD;bat;jynfa&;jynf&Gmynm [kTef;
ukv
JG rkid ;f
rnf/
7/ J. S. Furnivall , Colonial
Policy and Practice ,Great Britain
Cambridge University Press.
1948. P 160 :hereafter cited as
Furnivall , Colonial Policy and
Practice
2 'DZifb m 1922 jrefrmEkid if 'H w

k ,
d
bk&ifcH
qm&,f*seD ,fu&uf
a'gufu &efuek w
f uov
dk b
f UJG ESi;f
obif taqmufttku
H dk tkwjf rpf
csonf/
1
9
&efuek w
f uov
dk f &ufpo
JG rkid ;f pm 19

'kw,
d bk&ifcH qm&,f*seD ,fu
&ufa'gufonf 1922 ckEpS f ukef
onftxd wm0ef xrf;aqmif
onf/
R.A.B 1922-23 P 2
2
3
1922 jrefrmEkid if w
H iG f tpk;d &ESihf
rqufqHaom ]]bl;}}toif;rsm;
ay:aygufonf/
Cady, A History of Modern
Burma P 251
95
ausmfNidrf;
Zefe0g&Dv
2 Zefe0g&D 1923 jrefrmEkid if H
onf 1919 tdE,
d Ekid if t
H ufOya'
t& tjcm;aom tdE,
d Ekid if H jynf
e,frsm;uJo
h Ydk 'kid t
f mcDtyk cf sKyfa&;
&onfh jynfe,fwpfck jzpfvm
onf/ okY&d mwGif &Sr;f jynfe,f?
csi;f awmifwef;a'oESihf
ucsif
awmifwef; a'orsm;onf 'kid t
f m
cDtkyfcsKyfa&;ESifh tusKH;r0ifay/
1/ R.A.B 1922-23 P 2
Burma P 241
qm[mukwfbwvmonf
jref
rmEkid if H &efuek jf rdKUokYd a&muf&v
Sd m
jyD; jrefrmEkid if H bk&ifc&H mxl;wGif
wm0efxrf;aqmifonf/ if;onf
jrefrmEkdifiH\yxrqkH;bk&ifcHjzpf
onf/ 'kid t
f mcDtyk cf sKyfa&; (yl;wGJ
wm0efcHtkyfcsKyfa&;) tpkd;&tzGJU
0ifrsm;rSm
1/ qm0Dv,
D *H Reu
f w
d f (Sir William John keith )C.I.E,I.C.S
b@ma&; 0efMuD;csKyf
2/ qmarmifcif
jynfxJa&;0efMuD;csKyf
96
3/ trfatOD;armifMuD;
ynma&;0efMuD;csKyf
4/ a*satarmifMuD;
(Joseph Augustus Maung Gyi)
opfawma&;0efMuD;csKyf
wkdYjzpfonf/
1/ R.A.B 1922-23 P 2
S w
f rf;2 pm 401
azaz:0g&Dv
2 azaz:0g&D 1923 'kid t
f mcDtyk f
csKyfa&; enf;pepft& jrefrmjynf
Oya'jyKtzGUJ yxrqk;H tpnf;
ta0;usif;yonf/
The Burma legislative Cuncil
Report of Proceedings Vol 1,
Yangon Govt printing,1923, P1,
:hereafter cited as BLCP
rwfv
28 rwf 1923 &Sr;f jynfe,fya'
o&mZfaumifpD (The Federal
Council of Shan Chiefs) \
yxrqk;H tMudrf
tpnf;ta0;
usif;yonf/
R.A.B 1922 -23 P 5
ukv
JG rkid ;f
arv
10 ar 1923 Ekid if aH &;Xme aMumf
jimpm trSwf 17 t& (The
Federal Council of Shan
Chiefs) tm; jrefrmbmomjzifh
uarmZya'o&mZmtoif;[kac:
&ef owfrw
S o
f nf/
Shan State Manual P 13
22 ar 1923 pwefavabmf'iG f
(Stanley Baldwin) onft*Fvef
Ekid if \
H 0efMuD;csKyf&mxl;ukd vuf
cH aqmif&u
G o
f nf/
csKyfMuD;ukd at;csrf; nDnw

G pf mG
aygif;pnf; zGUJ pnf;cJo
h nf/ A[kd
trIaqmif oHCtzGUJ ukd zGUJ pnf;
&m Ou|tjzpf yxr ab;rJh q&m
awmf OD;a&0w tm; wifajrm uf
onf/
1/ysOf;rem;NrdKU omoemawmfvkH;qkdif
&m oHCmawmf t&Sijf rwfwYdk\ txl;
tpnf;ta0;MuD; rSwfwrf; ? rEav;
jrefrmusufoa&pmykHEdSyfwkduf? 1925?
pm 3^50? aemifu;dk um;vQif ysOf;rem;
NrdKU oHCtpnf;ta0;rSww
f rf;[k Te;f
rnf/
(y) pm 251^276
Zlvkdifv
Mo*kwfv
15 Zlvidk v
f 1923 ysO;f rem;jrdKU
txl;oHCuGezf &ifh ac:,lusi;f y
onf/ tpnf;ta0;okYd &efuek jf rdKU
jrefrmEkid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m oHCtzGUJ
csKyEf iS hf rEav;jrdKU ormorK'o
m
oemawmfv;Hk qkid &f m oHCtzGUJ
csKyMf uD; ESpzf UJG rS a&T;cs,af om trI
aqmifq&mawmfrsm; wufa&muf
onf/ tpnf;ta0;wGif jrefrm
jynf ormorK' omoemawmf
vk;H qkid &f m r[moHCor*D tzGUJ
16 Mo*kwf 1923 jrefrmEkid if H

tpk;d & twGi;f 0efcsKyfu t*Fvyd f
t&m&drS sm;xH &dcS ;dk rcH&efEiS hf jrefrm
vlrsKd;wkdYtm; b deyfrcRwfap&ef
owday;csuu
f dk
twGi;f a&;pm
tjzpf ay;ykYd onf/
vlxOk ;D vS uRefawmfAsLkdu&uf ('kwd
,tMudrf)? rEav;? MuD;yGm;ykHESdyf?
1970 pm 243? aemifukd;um;vQif
vlxOk ;D vS uReaf wmfAsLku
d &uf [keT ;f
rnf/
97
ausmfNidrf;
2 pm 405
Mo*kwf 1923 tpk;d &u ]]bl;

toif;}} rsm;tm; rw&m;toif;
rsm;tjzpf aMunmonf/
29 Ekd0ifb m 1923 OD;cspv

f idI f
*sDpb
D aD t\ ajcmufvywfnv
D m
cHudk yckuL jrdKUwGif usif;yonf/

S w
f rf;2 pm 404
Burma P 252

S w
f rf;2 pm 418-426
(y) pm 253
pufwifb mv
'DZifb mv
18 pufwifb m 1923 jrefrmjynf

Oya'tzGUJ yxr tpnf;ta0;
kwfodrf;onf/
B.L.C.P Vol I P 491
'DZifb m 1923 uarmya'o&mZm

toif;\ 'kwd,tMudrfajrmuf
tpnf;ta0; usif;yonf/
R.A.B 1923-24 P 5
Ek0d ifb mv
28 Ekd0ifb m 1923 jrefrmjynf
Oya'jyKtzGUJ tpnf;ta0; tpk;d
&u bl;toif;rsm;tm; rw&m;
toif;rsm;[k aMunmxm;csuf
udk kwo
f rd ;f ay;&ef tqkw
d ifoiG ;f
onf/ tqku
d rdk cJ JG &m axmufcrH J
37 rJ? uefYuGufrJ 37 rJjzpf
aeojzifh Ou|u uefYuGufrJ
ay;onft
h wGuf tqkd ;HI edro
hf mG ;
onf/
157
S w
98
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Zefe0g&Dv
Zefe0g&D 1924
jynfxaJ &;
0efMuD;csKyf armifcif qmbGUJ cs;D jrihf
cH&onf/
1
9
2
4
jrefrmpG,fpkHusrf; twGJ 2 - pm 3078
22 Zefe0g&D 1924 &rf;aq;ru

a':e,f ( J. Ramsay MaC
Donald) onf t*FvefEi
dk if \
H
0efMuD;csKyf&mxl;ukd vufcaH qmif
&Gufonf/
27 Zefe0g&Dv 1924 OD;pdev

f iG f
1924-2004 (aemifjynfaxmifpk
qk&d ,
S v
f pf orw jrefrmEkid if H
orw)ukd OD;a&T&if? a':rrMuD;
1/ jrefrmhwyfrawmf ppfwuov
dk f
1942-45? wwd,ywf Akv
d o
f ifwef;
oifwef;qif;rsm;\ uk,
d af &;rSww
f rf;
tusOf; 1988? pm 13
2/ jrefrmhtvif;owif;pm 10-42004
99
ausmfNidrf;
{jyDv
20 -23 {jyD 1924 [oFmw
jrdKUwGif oHCtpnf;ta0; usi;f y
&m oufawmf&n
S f Munfu
h efq&m
awmfMuD;? tv,fawm& q&m
awmfMuD;ESifh a0VK0efq&mawmf
MuD;wkdYwufa&mufonf/
ol&d,r*Zif; twGJ-8? trSwf-3?
1924? ar
21 - 22 {jyD 1924 jrefrmEkid if H

vk;H qkid &f m nDnw
G af &; txl;tpnf;
ta0;usi;f yjyD; jrefrmEkid if v
H ;Hk qkid f
&m nDnw
G af &;tzGUJ csKyfMuD;ukd zGUJ
pnf;onf/
trIaqmiftjzpf
Ou| OD;ausm&f ef
'k-Ou| OD;bk;d qif? OD;bpD
twGif;a&;rSL; OD;ykuav;
aiGxdef; OD;Mumckid f wkYu
d dk a&G;
aumufwifajrmufonf/
ol&d,r*Zif; twGJ-8? trSwf-3?
1924? ar
arv
10 - 13 ar 1924 jrefrmjynf
ormoAk' omoemawmfv;Hk qkid f
100
&m r[moHC oHr*D tzGUJ csKyMf u;D

\wwd,tMudraf jrmuf tpnf;
ta0;ESihf OD;cspv
f idI f *spD b
D aD t\
EkdifiHvkH;qkdif&m 11 Mudrfajrmuf
ESpfywfvnf nDvmcHukd aygif;
wnfjrdKUwGif usi;f yonf/ nDvm
cHwiG f OD;cspv
f idI t
f m; ]orw} bGUJ
jzifh *sD pDbaD ttoif;csKyfMuD;\
Ou| wifajrmufonf/
1/[efwif jrefrmEkdifiHawmfrSwfwrf;2 pm 433-451
2/ocifbarmif 0HomEk pm 255-262
3/bckdif jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; pm 97
4/ysOf;rem;NrdKU oHCtpnf;ta0;rSwf
wrf; pm 9
Mo*kwfv
16 Mo*kwf 1924 rEav;jrKd UrS OD;
cspv
f idI f *spD b
D aD t 0HomEkrsm;u
q&mawmf OD;Owrtm; w&m;
a[m<u&ef zdwx
f m;onft
h wGuf
rEav;<uoGm;&m &Srf;pkblwmrS
"mwf&xm;vrf;wpfavQmuf yifh
aqmifpOf
ausmufaoG;wef;
ajrmufzsm; baX;yk;d xnfqidk ?f a&T
armif;wku
d o
f Ykd ta&muf 0HomEk
rsm;tay: cJrsm;usvm&mrS pwif
ukv
JG rkid ;f
um t"dukPf; jzpfyGm;onf/
t"dukPf;twGif; q&mawmf
OD;pErd m aoewf'Pf&mjzifh ysv
H eG f
onf/
1/ AEv*sme,f twG-J 2? trSw-f 39?
27? Mo*kw?f 1924 pm 33
S w
2 pm 452-4
q&mawmfO;D Owr?
OD;Pkw&
ESihf OD;auwkwYdt
k m; yk'rf 144 t&
rEav;rS xGucf mG &ef trdeYf ay;
nwGi;f csif; rEav;rS &efuek o
f Ydk
xGufcGm&onf/
AEv*sme,f twG-J 2? trSw-f 39? 27?
Mo*kw?f 1924 pm 33
pufwifb mv
21 pufwifb m 1924 q&mawmf
OD;Owronf rEav;t"dukP;f
aMumifh wynf'h g,umrsm;ESihf
oHCmawmfrsm; tzrf;cH&aMumif;
od&aomtcg rdrv
d nf; axmifus
cH&ef qk;H jzwfjy;D &efuek Nf rKd U? vrf;r
awmf&yf? usK;H MuD;vrf;? ky&f iS ef ef;
awmfw
Hk iG f jrdKUvk;H uRwf tpnf;
ta0;ac:um tpk;d &qefUusifa&;
w&m;a[monf/
8-10- 1924 pm 38
f rQ
pm 187
atmufwb
dk mv
2 atmufwb
dk m 1924 q&mawmf
OD;Owrtm; &efuek Nf rdKU ky&f iS ef ef;
awmf?Hk jrdKUolNrdKUom; tpnf;
ta0; tpkd;&tMunftndKysuf
atmif a[majym&m a&mufonf
qk
d yk'rf 124 (u) t& zrf;
0&rf;xkwfonf/
AEv*sme,f twG-J 2? trSw-f 45? 810- 1924 pm 38
2 atmufwb
dk m 1924 q&mawmf
OD;Owronf k;H okYd u,
dk w
f idk f <u
a&muf tzrf;cHonf/
AEv*sme,f twG-J 2? trSw-f 45? 810- 1924 pm 38
8 atmufwkdb mv 1924 q&m

awmf OD;Owrtm; &efuek f 'Dp
Mudwf &mZ0wfw&m;olMuD; ppfZ
vm (Mr. Syszala D.S) k;H wGif
trIppfaq;um tdEd,&mZowf
yk'rf 124 (u) t& tpk;d &tm;
tMunftndKysufatmif a[m
101
ausmfNidrf;
ajymrIjzifh tvkyf Murf;ESihf axmif

'PfokH;ESpf pD&ifcsufcsrSwfonf/
q&mawmf OD;Owr\trI
ukd em;axmif&ef vmMuaom
oHCor*0D ifrsm;ESihf 0HomEktoif;
om;rsm;onf zku
d pf uG,
J m; yef;Nc^H
bk&ifryef;NcH (,ck r[mAEKv
yef;NcH)wGif vlpkvla0;ozG,fjzpf
vmum &[ef;awmfrsm;ESifh vl
yk*Kd vfrsm;u wpfvn
S phf D w&m;
a[maepOf jrif;pD; ykvyd rf sm;
a&muf&v
Sd mMujyD; jrif;ESiw
hf u
dk f
eHygwfww
k Ef iS hf ku
d u
f m tMurf;
zuf vlpck cJG o
hJ nf/ 0HomEktrsK;d
orD;rsm;onf xGurf ajy;bJ raMumuf
r&GUH ykvyd w
f Ydktm; ckc&H if; 'Pf&m
rsm; &&dcS MhJ uonf/
15-10- 1924 pm 35
(y) pm 266-7
f rQ
pm 187-8
22 atmufwb
dk m 1924 jynfxJ
a&;0efMu;D csKyf
qmarmifcif
(1872-1924) uG,fvGefonf/
R.A.B 1924-25 P 2
102
Ek0d ifb mv
4 Ek0d ifb m 1924 pwefavabmf
'Gif (Stanley Baldwin) onf
t*FvefEidk if \
H 0efMuD;csKyf &mxl;
ukd vufcaH qmif&u
G o
f nf/
12 Ekd0ifb m 1924 OD;aratmif
onf ,m,DjynfxJa&; 0efMuD;
csKyf cefYtyfc&H onf/
R.A.B 1924-25 P 2
opfawma&;0efMuD;csKyf a*s
atarmifMuD; w&m;k;H csKyf w&m;
olMuD;&mxl; vufcHonfhtwGuf
0wfvaHk wmf& OD;yk (a&Tusi)f (&
rnf;oif;rJqEe,f) onf opf
awma&; 0efMuD;csKyf jzpfvm
onf/
R.A.B 1924-25 P 2
28 Ek0d ifb m 1924 OD;aratmif

tm; jynfxaJ &;0efMuD;csKyf tjzpf
twnfjyK cefYtyfonf/
R.A.B 1924-25 P 2
'DZifb mv
ukv
JG rkid ;f
22 'DZifb m 1924 q&mawmf

OD ; Ow r tm; tvk y f M urf ; ES i f h
axmif'PfokH;ESpf uscHap&ef
jypf'Pfcsrw
S x
f m;jcif;ESihf pyfvsO;f
t,lcv
H mT wifoiG ;f xm;onf
ukd w&m;k;H csKyfrS y,fcsjyD; pD&if
csufudk twnfjyKonf/

1925 Zefe0g&D
'DZifb m 1924 uarmZya'o

&mZmtoif; wwd,tMurd af jrmuf
tpnf;ta0; usif;yonf/
R.A.B 1924-25 P 4
Zefe0g&D
31 Zefe0g&D 1925 a'gufwm
armifarmif 1925-1994 (aemif
jynfaxmifpk qk&d ,
S v
f pf orw
jrefrmEkid if aH wmforw)ukd rEav;
jrKd UwGif OD;qif?h a':at;wifh rdb
9
2
5
103
ausmfNidrf;
yxrtMudrf jynfoYlvw
T af wmfu,
dk pf m;
vS,rf sm;\ uk,
d af &;rSww
f rf; tusO;f
csKyf(rEav;wkdif;) 1974 pm 31
rwfv
11 rwf 1925 jrefrmjynf
Oya'tzGUJ tpnf;ta0;wGif vl
cGeEf iS hf oar"cGerf sm; zsuo
f rd ;f
a&; pkpH rf;&ef aumfrwDcefYxm;
oifah Mumif; tqku
d dk wifoiG ;f
twnfjyKonf/ (NAdwo
d Q tpk;d &
u atmufjrefrmEkid if w
H iG f vlceG f
awmfudk touf 18 ESprf S 60
&do
S nft
h rsK;d om;wkid ;f wpfEpS v
f Qif
vlysKd 2d^8J? tdraf xmifonf 5d^
pnf;Muyfaumufco
H nf/ txuf
jrefrmEkdifiHwGif tdrfajcOD;a&ESifh
qif;&Jcsrf;omtvdu
k f oar"
cGef aumufco
H nf/
Report of the Capitation and
Thathameda Taxes Enquiry
Committee Yangon Govt printing,
1927. P 17 :hereafter cited as the
Capitation and Thathameda
Taxes Enquiry Committee.
OD;bat; jynfa&;jynf&Gmynm pm
116
rEav; t"dukP;f (16-8-
104
24) wGif yg0ifol w&m;cHrsm;ukd

w&m;pGq
J jdk yD; jypfru
I sL;vGeaf Mumif;
xif&Sm;
1/ OD;wkwf (&wemykt
H oif;csKyf
Ou|) tvkyMf urf;ESiahf xmif'Pf
7 ESpf
2/ pDycD ifarmif tvkyMf urf;ESihf
axmif'Pf 4 ESpf
3/ OD;xGe;f atmifausmf (*spD b
D aD t
aiGxrd ;f tvkyMf urf;ESiahf xmif'Pf
7 ESpf
4/ OD;apmarmif (&wemykt
H oif;
csKyf w&m;a[mq&m) tvkyf
Murf;ESihf axmif'Pf 4 ESpf
5/ OD;aqmif (&wemykH toif;csKyf
twGi;f a&;rSL;) tvkyMf urf;ESihf
axmif'Pf 4 ESpf
6/ OD;pHneG Yf? OD;wk;d ? OD;jr (trI
aqmif &wemykt
H oif;csKy)f tvkyf
Murf;ESiahf xmif'Pf 7 ESpf
7/ jrawmifwu
dk q
f &mawmf OD;Zm
*& axmif'Pf 3 ESpf
7/ OD;0dpw
d E iS hf &Sr;f yGOJ ;D armifMuD;wkYd
tm; axmif'Pf 2 ESpf toD;oD;
jypf'PfcsrSwfonf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
(y) pm 264-5
3/ bckid f jrefrmjynfEidk if aH &; pm 1523
12 - 13 rwf 1925 jrefrm jynf

or m or K ' o moemawmf v k H ;
qkid &f m r[moHCmhor*t
D zGUJ csKyf
MuD;\ txl;tpnf;ta0;udk ysO;f
rem;jrdKUwGif usi;f yonf/ tpnf;
ta0;wGif OD;cspv
f idI f *spD b
D aD t
tzGUJ 0if vlMuD;rsm;ESihf pyfqidk af om
jy|mef;csurf sm;udk owfrw
S jf yD;
xkjd y|mef;csurf sm;ukd OD;cspv
f idI f *sD
pDbaD tESihf tzGUJ 0if vlMuD;rsm;
vkdufemygrnf[laom y#dOf0ef
cHcsuf vufrSwfa&;xkd;&ef qkH;
jzwfcsufcsrSwfonf/
1/ysO;f rem;oHCtpnf;ta0;rSww
f rf;
pm 45
(y) pm 272-3
{jyDv
4 {jyD 1925 jrefrmEkid if b
H &k ifcH
qm[mukwb
f wvm cGio
hf mG ;pOf
twGif qm0DvQ*H Reu
f w
d o
f nf jref
rmEkid if H acwb&k ifct

H jzpf wm0ef
xrf;aqmifonf/
11 April 1925
ZGefv
15 ZGef 1925 pmay;pm,l rdwf
quftoif; (Friendly Correspondence Club) wnfaxmif
onf/ (2 ar 1926 wGif vli,f
rsm; MuD;yGm;a&;toif;[k trnf
ajymif;onf/)
S w
f rf;3 pm 78-82
2/ bckdif jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&;
pm
162-167
16 - 18 ZGef 1925 jrefrmjynf

ormorK' omoemawmfv;Hk qkid f
&m r[moHCmhor*DtzGJUcsKyfMuD;
\ av;Mudraf jrmuf ESpyf wfvnf
tpnf;ta0;ESihf *spD b
D aD t Ekid if H
vk;H qkid &f m 12Mudraf jrmuf txl;
tpnf;ta0;ukd
a&Tbjdk rdKUwGif
usi;f yonf/ xkt
d pnf;ta0;
*spD b
D aD t A[kt
d vkyt
f rIaqmif
tzGUJ opfudk a&G;cs,&f m Ou| OD;pk;d
odr;f ? twGi;f a&;rSL; OD;armifyak c:
105
ausmfNidrf;
OD;armifped Ef iS hf aiGxrd ;f OD;xGe;f vS

wkdY a&G;aumuf wifajrm ufc&H
onf/
pm 503
24 - 26 ZGef 1925 OD;cspv

f idI f
*sDpb
D aD t\ Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m 12
Mudrfajrmuf ESpfywfvnfnDvmcH
ukd rauG;jrdKUwGif usi;f yonf/
27 ZGef 1925 xm;0,fp&D ifpek ,f

Z'D&mG "r0ke0HomEktoif; tm;
tpk;d &u rw&m;toif; aMunm
onf/
1/ ol&d,owif;pm 1-7-1925
2/ The Burma Gazette 27 June
1925
Zlvkdifv
Zlvkdif 1925 o&mZtoif; (qGm
&yfcsf^Swaraj) ukd ol&,
d OD;wkwf
MuD; wnfaxmifonf/
1/ol&d,owif;pm 1-8-1925
2/ Who's Who in Burma,1927
P 127
106
3/ yef;waemfO;D cefY ]]a&Tpm*E-wpf

avmu}} lr0r*Zif;? 1970? ZGef
pufwifb mv
7 pufwifb m 1925 jrefrmEkid if H
vk;H qkid &f m o&mZtoif; tpnf;
ta0;ukd &efuek Nf rdKU? uefvrf;
tpk;d &taxmuftyHrh ,lonfh rde;f
uav;ausmif;wGif usif;yonf/
tpnf;ta0;wGif trIaqmifrsm;
tjzpf
Ou| OD;wkwMf uD;
'kOu| 0wfvOHk ;D wif
twGif;a&;rSL; OD;armifuav;
aiGxrd ;f OD;bxGe;f
tzGJU0if OD;armifarmif
OD;ay:xGe;f
OD;eD
OD;a'G;
OD;at;armif
wkYu
d d k a&G;aumufwifajrm uf
onf/
23 pufwifb m 1925 jrefrmjynf

Oya'jyKtzGUJ tpnf;ta0; bl;
toif;rsm;tm; rw&m;toif;[k
tpkd;&u aMunmxm;onfukd
ukv
JG rkid ;f
kwo
f rd ;f ay;&ef 'kw,
d tMudrf
tqkw
d ifoiG ;f &m tqku
d dk axmuf
cHol 37 OD;? uefYuu
G o
f l 39 OD;
&dS tqkdxyfrHIH;edrfhonf/
xGe;f oef; jrefrmjynfEidk if aH &; pm 157
pm 405
atmufwb
dk m
6 atmufwkdb m 1925 vdiI yf k
ausmf *sDpb
D aD t txl;uGezf &ifh
tpnf;ta0;udk awmifiljrdKUwGif
om,m0wD a&SUaeOD;yku vIid yf k
ausmf jrefrmtoif;csKyfMuD; jyify
wGif o&mZ[kr ;l tzGUJ zGUJ &ef tqkd
wifoiG ;f &m yJc;l OD;ausmah rmifu
axmufco
H nf/ OD;yktqku
d dk tm;
vk;H u oabmwl twnfjyKonf/
[kr ;l ygwD (Home Rule Party)
wnfaxmif&ef qk;H jzwfjyD; aemuf
[krl;ygwD trIaqmifrsm;tjzpf
Ou| om,m0wDa&SUaeOD;yk
twGi;f a&;rSL; OD;b[ef
b@mxdr;f OD;armifarmif
(awmifil)
wkdYtm; a&G;aumufwif
ajrmufonf/ xkYdaemuftrIaqmif
tzG J U \oabmwl n D c suf t &
[kr ;l ygwDtzGUJ udk OD;wkwMf uD;\
o&mZygwDEiS hf aygif;&ef qk;H jzwf
onf/
S w
f rf;3 pm 84-89
2/ Burma Round Table Conference; Yangon Govt printing, 1932
P 71:hereafter cited as BRTC
Ek0d ifb mv
H iG f
'kdiftmcDtkyfcsKyfa&; enf;pepf
t& 'kw,
d tMurd f Oya'jyK vTwf
awmf trwfa&G;aumufyJG usi;f y
onf/
a&G;aumufyw
775903 OD;
qErJ ay;Ekid o
f nfh rJ
pm&if;&dS
vlO;D a&aygif; 1
821247 OD;
rJqEay;onfh &mckid Ef eI ;f
16.26 %
107
ausmfNidrf;
162-3
(y) pm 280
a&G;aumufyGJwGif
21OD;*sDpDbD
attzGUJ 0ifwYdkonf ae&Sief ,fvpf
ygwDrS jynfoljynfom; ygwD
(The People's Party) [k trnf
ajymif;vJjyD; a&G;aumufyGJ0if&m
trwf 28 OD; ta&G;cH&onf/
ol&d,owif;pm 24-11-1927
a&G;aumufyGJwGif a*satarmif
MuD; MuD;rSL;aom tif'yD if;'ifh
ygwD Independent Party ac: a&T
awmif Mum;ygwD (Gelden Valley
party)u trwf 20 ausmt
f a&G;cH
&onf/

pm 279-280
om,m0wDO;D yk OD;aqmifonfh
[kr ;l vd*yf gwDu trwf 2 OD;
ta&G;cH&onf/

pm 279-280
24 Ekd0ifb m 1925 oDaygrif;\

rdz&k m;acgifMuD;
(pkz&k m;vwf
108
touf 66) (13-12-1859 rS

24-11-1925) uGG,fvGefonf/
ol&d,owif;pm 26-11-1925
'DZifb mv
17 'DZifb m 1925 oDaygrif;\
rdz&k m;acgifMuD; pkz&k m;vwf\ kyf
tavmif;ukd uefawmfrifO,smOf
twGi;f &dS tkwef ef;jymom'ftwGi;f
*loiG ;f oN*K[fonf/
ol&d,owif;pm 29-12-1925
'DZifb m 1925 jrefrmEkid if w

H iG f
ESpMf udraf jrmuf 'kid t
f mcD (yl;wGw
J m
0efcHtkyfcsKyfa&;) tpkd;&tzGJU0if
rsm;rSm
1/ qm0Dv,
D *H Refuw
d f
b@ma&;0efMuD;csKyf
2/ OD;aratmif
3/ qmvDt&de(f Sir Lee Ah Yain)
4/ a'gufwmb&if
ynma&;0efMuD;csKyf
wkdYjzpfonf/
1/R.A.B 1925-26 P 2
2/The Burma Gazette 5 Dec
1925
ukv
JG rkid ;f
'DZifb m 1925 avmhvpfwef 2

(Lord Lytton II) onf tdE,
d
bk&ifccH sKyf &mxl;ukd vufcaH qmif
&Gufonf/
P 1043
&mZmtoif;
pwkwtMudrf
tpnf;ta0; awmifMuD;jrdKUwGif
usif;yonf/
R.A.B 1925-26 P 4
1925 usKv
H bm q&mawmfOu|
tjzpf MuD;rSL;onfh tnrnorE
tzGUJ csKyu
f dk zGUJ pnf;onf/ xko
d C
H
tzGUJ csKyu
f OD;cspv
f idI f *spD b
D aD tukd
todrSwfjyKtm;ay;onf/
1
9
2

pm 275
{jyDv
7 - 10 {jyD 1926 jrefrmjynf

&m r[moHCor*D tzGUJ csKyMf uD;
\ 5 Mudraf jrmuf ESpyf wfvnf
tpnf;ta0;ESihf OD;pk;d odr;f *spD b
D D
at\ Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m 13 Mudrf
ajrmufnv
D mcHudk rdwv
D mjrdKUwGif
109
ausmfNidrf;
usif;yonf/
pm 102-115
bckdif jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; pm 117
22 {jyD 1926 rif;uGe;f vltdk Hk '

umrMuD; a':OD;ZGe;f tm; tdE,
d
bk&ifccH sKyfu csD;jriv
hf u
dk af om
wkid ;f usK;d jynfusK;d aqmifbUJG (TPS)
qme'fpmcReaf wmfEiS hf wHqyd af wmf
rsm; ay;tyfyJG tcrf;tem;usi;f y
onf/
uarmZjrifv
f rf; pm
221
24 {jyD 1926 yifvpHk mcsKyf vuf

rSwfa&;xkd;onfh p0fcGefyef;pdef
awmifyidk af pmfbmG ;
cefYtyfc&H
onf/
1927? {jy?D pm 54
{jyD 1926 avmhtm0if (Lord

Irwin) onf tdE,
d bk&ifccH sKyf
G o
f nf/
1/ An Advanced History of
IndiaP 1043
arv
110
2 ar 1926 vli,frsm; Mu;D yGm;

a&;toif; (,cifpmay;pm,lrw
d f
quftoif;) wnfaxmifonf/
pm 78-79
ar 1926 jAw
d o
d Qtpk;d &u vlceG f
awmfESifh oar"tcGefawmf
pkHprf;a&;aumfrwD zGJUpnf;onf/
The Capitation and Thathameda Taxes Enquiry Committee.
ZGefv
5 ZGef 1926 jynfxaJ &;0efMuD;
csKyf OD;aratmif arNrdKU wGiu
f ,
G f
vGefonf/
1/ Who's Who in Burma,1927
P 172
2/ R.A.B 1926-27 P 3
3/ol&d,r*Zif; twG-J 11? trSw-f 3?
1927? ar? pm 86
Zlvkdifv
22 Zlvkdif 1926 p0fceG yf ef;pdef
apmfbGm;&mxl;&jyD;aemuf r[m
bdou
d f atmifyaJG wmf usi;f y
ukv
JG rkid ;f
onf/
3/ol&d,r*Zif; twG-J 11? trSw-f 2?
1927? ar? pm 54
pufwifb m
18 pufwifb m 1926 ab;rJq
h &m
awmf OD;a&0w ysv
H eG o
f nf/
AEv*sme,f twG-J 8? trSw-f 3? 11
{jyD 1927 pm 21
pufwif b m 1926 a&Tbedk ,f

rif;avmif;AEu&aohu t*Fvyd f
wkYu
d dk awmfveS &f ef vIaH qmfonf/
ol&d,r*Zif; 1929? ZGef
atmufwb
dk mv
20 atmufwkdb m 1926 q&m
awmf OD;0dpm& om,m0wDckid f
"aem anmifuek ;f &GmwGif w&m;
a[monf/
pm 105
Ek0d ifb m
1 Ekd0ifb m 1926 q&mawmf
OD;0dpm& a&iH&mG rS tkwzf jdk rdKUokYd
w&m;a[m <u&ef um;apmifah e
cku
d f tzrf;cH&onf/
OD;av;armif jrefrmEkid if aH &;orkid ;f ('k)
pm 325-6
22 Ek0d ifb m 1926 q&mawmf OD;

0dpm&tm; om,m0wDta&;ykdif
u tvkyrf hJ axmif'Pf 2 v
tjypf'PfcsrSwfonf/
pm 325-6
24 Ek0d ifb m 1926 yxrausmf bGUJ

vufrw
S f qufuyfyu
JG dk *sLAvD
a[mwGif usif;y&m jrefrmEkid if H
'kw,
d bk&ifcH qm[mukwb
f w
vm wufa&mufonf/
30 atmufwkdb m 1926 q&m

awmf OD;0dpm& om,m0wDckid f
tif;r&GmwGif w&m; a[monf/

&mZmtoif;\
yrtMurd f
tpnf; ta0;usif;yonf/
R.A.B 1926-27 P 4
pm 105
1926 OD;cspfvIdif *sDpDbDat\

111
ausmfNidrf;
Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m 13 Murd af jrmuf ESpf
ywfvnfnv
D mcHudk armfvjrdKifjrdKU
wGif usi;f yonf/
pm 290
Zefe0g&Dv
1 Zefe0g&D 1927 q&mawmf
OD0dpm&tm; om,m0wDaxmifrS
vTwaf y;onf/ okYdaomf axmifA;l
0rSmyif q&mawmf OD;0dpm&tm;
"aem anmifuek ;f &Gm vnf;
aumif;? tif;r&Gm vnf;aumif;
w&m;a[m&mwGif
tpk;d &tm;
9
2
7
112
ukv
JG rkid ;f
tMunfndKysufatmif vIHUaqmf
a[majymjcif;aMumifh &mZowf
yk'rf 124 (u) t& xyfrzH rf;qD;
onf/
xGe;f oef; jrefrmjynfEidk if aH &; pm 165

wkdYArmtpnf;tkH;orkdif;jyKpka&;tzGJU
wkdYArmtpnf;tkH;orkdif; (yxrwGJ)
&efukef?pmayAdrmefykHESdyf? 1976? pm
114 aemifu;dk um;vQif wkdYArmtpnf;
tkH;orkdif; (y) [kTef;rnf
pm 326
11 azaz:0g&D 1927 AEu&aoh

eSifhaemufvkdufrsm; ajr'l;&Gmudk
wku
d cf u
dk
f
ajr'l;&GmolMuD;ukd
owfjzwfonf/
Zefe0g&D 1927 a*satarmifMuD;

tm; tpk;d &u qmbGUJ cs;D jri hf
onf/
ol&d,owif;pm 3-1-27
azaz:0g&Dv
9 azaz:0g&D 1927 jrefrmjynf
Oya'jyK vGTwfawmftpnf;ta0;
wGif axmifusaeonfh q&mawmf
OD;OwrESihf pyfvsO;f jynfxaJ &;
0efMuD;csKyf qma*satarmifMuD;u
rkrd ao ajymqko
d jzifh wkid ;f jynf
bufrS trwfrsm;u vTwaf wmfrS
xGufcGmoGm;onf/
UAungMyint''Bandaka Rising''
The Burma Police Journal Vol I,
No. II, 1962 March P 33: hereafter cited as UAung Myint
''Bandaka Rising''
ol&d,r*Zif; 1929? ZGef

OD;Owr axmifrv
S w
G o
f nf/
]]OD;Owr\axmifvGwfvufrSwfykHpH}}
1927? rwf? pm 103
rwfv
19 - 22 rwf 1927 jrefrm jynf
ormorK' omoemawmf vk;H qkid f
&m r[moHCmor*D tzGUJ csKyMf uD;
D D
at\ 14 MudrfajrmufESpfywf
vnfnv
D mcHudk yJc;l jrdKUwGif usi;f
yonf/
113
ausmfNidrf;
S w
f rf;3 pm 118-145
{jyDv
19 {jyD 1927 jrefrmEkid if b
H &k ifcH
qm[mukwb
f wvm wuov
dk f
aqmufvkyf&eftwGuf tvSLaiG
xnfh0ifMu&ef arwm&yfcHcsuf
xkwfjyefonf/
vlxOk ;D vS uRefawmfAsLkdu&uf pm
89
{jyD 1927 OD;cspv

f idI f *spD b
D aD t\
Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m 14 Mudraf jrmufnD
vmcHuo
dk xkNH rdKUwGif usi;f yonf/
1/ol&d,r*Zif; twGJ 11? trSwf 3?
1927? ar
arv
31 ar 1927 q&mawmf OD;0dpm&
tm; yk'rf 124 (u) t& tvkyf
Murf;ESihf axmif'Pf 21 v
jypf'Pf csrw
S o
f nf/ &efuek f
axmif jyefta&mufwiG f axmif
t&m&dw
S Ydk u ouFe;f ukd twif;
cRw
f axmifom;wkYd 0wfaom
eH i,fyw
d pf ukd ajymif;vJ0wfqif
114
&efay; ouFef;r&vQif qGrf;

rpm;[k t"d|mefjyKumaeonf/
pm 105
pm 327
ZGefv
ZGef 1927 qmbk;d om yrajrmuf
a*smhbk&ifarG;aeY txdrf;trSwf
qmbGJU&onf/
'D;'kwf*sme,f wwd,wG?J trSwf 4?
11-6-1927
Zlvkdifv
24 Zlvidk v
f 1927 AEu&aohEiS hf
aemufvu
dk rf sm; wy,if;&Jpcef;
ukd wku
d cf u
dk o
f nf/
ol&d,r*Zif; ZGe?f 1929
Mo*kwfv
25 Mo*kwf 1927 awmyke;f MuD;
pHzt
J m; armif;rqnf&mG teD; iSuf
zsm;a&m*gjzifh vJaepOf zrf;qD;&rd
onf/
rm*"Dompnf Akv
d pf zH J pm 22^46^56^
86
Ek0d ifb mv
ukv
JG rkid ;f
8 Ek0d ifb mv 1927 tdE,

d Ekid if H
bk&ifcHcsKyfavmhtm0ifu tdEd,
ESihf jrefrmEkid if w
H Ydktm; tkycf sKyfa&;
rnfokdY wkd;wufay;oifhaMumif;
avhvmpkHprf;wifjy&ef aumfr&Sif
tzGUJ wpfzUJG ukd zGUJ pnf;apvTwrf nf
[k aMunmonf/
pm 312
26 Ek0d ifb m 1927 tdE,

d ESihf jref
rmEkid if w
H Ydk tm; tkycf sKyfa&;rnfoYdk
wk;d wufay;oifah Mumif; pkpH rf;&ef
qm*Req
f idk rf eG f (Sir John Simon)
acgif;aqmifonfh tzGJU0ifckepfOD;
ygaom qkid rf eG af umfr&Si(f Simon
Commission)udk cefYtyfzUJG pnf;
onf/
1/ol&d,kyfpkHowif;pm(y) trSwf 7?
29-6-1930 pm 4
170-1
30 Ekd0ifb m 1927 q&mawmf

OD;0dpm&tm; pdwaf emufae qGr;f
rpm;jcif; jzpfonf[k pGypf u
JG m
&efukefaxmifrS wHwm;av;tl;
axmifoYdk ykYd onf/

pm 327
Ekd0ifb m 1927 uarmZya'o

&mZmtoif;\ajcmufMudraf jrmuf
tpnf;ta0;ukd awmifMuD;jrdKUwGif
usif;yonf/ xkdYaemuf jrefrm
Ekid if H bk&ifcq
H m[mukwb
f wvm
tm; EIwq
f ufyJG usi;f yonf/
R.A.B 1927-28 P 2
'DZifb mv
12 'DZifb m 1927 oDaygrif;\
om;rufawmf cifarmifvwfu
jrefrmEkid if H bk&ifcH qm[mukwf
bwvmESihf ESpOf ;D oabmwl xk;d
ckwfowfjzwf&ef pdefac:onfhpm
ukd tdE,
d bk&ifccH sKyx
f H ay;ykYd
onf/
1/0HomEkjrefrmowif;pm 13-1-28
2/xifMu;D owif;pmtnTGef;(y) pm
192-3
20 'DZifb m 1927 qmcsm;vfpf

tvufZEm;tif;epf (Sir Charles
Alexander Innes, K-C-S-I, CI-E,I-C-S) jref r mEk d i f i H b k & if c H
115
ausmfNidrf;

G o
f nf/
1/R.A.B 1927-28 P 2
2/ol&d,owif;pm 21-12-1927

bk&ifcaH [mif; qm[mukwb
f w
vm t*FvefEidk if o
H Ydk jyefonf/
ol&d,owif;pm 21-12-1927
azaz:0g&Dv
3 azaz:0g&D - 31 rwf 1928
qm*RefqkdifrGef acgif;aqmifaom
qkdifrGefaumfr&Sif tdEd,EkdifiHwGif
pkHprf;ppfaq;rIrsm; jyKvkyfonf/
1/ol&d,kyfpkHowif;pm(y) trSwf 7?
29-6-1930 pm 4
9
2
4 - 6 azaz:0g&D 1928 jrefrm

jynf ormorK' omoemawmf
116
ukv
JG rkid ;f
vk;H qkid &f m r[moHCmor*D tzGUJ

csKyMf uD;\ 7 Mudraf jrmuf ESpyf wf
vnftpnf;ta0;ESifh OD;pkd;odrf;
*spD b
D aD t\ 15 Mudraf jrmuf ESpf
ywfvnf nDvmcHudk yJc;l jrdKUwGif
usif;yonf/
nDvmcHwiG f 'DpMwdwef ,f
rsm; vlceG af wmfEiS hf oar"
tcGeaf wmfrsm; aumufc&H m tpk;d
&t&m&dSrsm;ESifh ppfbufqkdif&m
t&m&dw
S Ydk u ESyd pf ufuvljyKrljcif;
rsm;ukd pkpH rf;&ef qk;H jzwfcsucf sjyD;
q&mpHOu|tjzpf yg0ifaom pkH
prf;a&;aumfrwD zGJUpnf;onf/
pm 148-166^478
25 azaz:0g&D 1928 q&mpHO;D

aqmifaom pkHprf;a&;aumfrwD
onf om,m0wD? zsmyk?H jynf?
uom? a&Tb?dk rk&H mG ? o&ufEiS hf
tif;pdef pD&ifprk sm;okYd oGm;a&muf
jyD; azaz:0g&DrS Zlvidk v
f txd pkH
prf;ppfaq;onf/
pm 478
q&mawmf OD;0dpm&tm; tdE,

d
Ekid if H uvuwm;okYd oabFmjzifh
ac:oGm;jyD; b*Fvm;e,f rpfemyl
(Midnapur) axmifoYdk ykYo
d nf/
1 / ocifcspfarmif(jrefatmif)
]]ol&aJ umif;t&SiOf ;D 0dpm&}}jr0wDr*Zif;?
1970? Zefe0g&D
2/OD;av;armif jrefrmEkdifiHa&;orkdif;
('k) pm 328
{jyDv
6 - 8 {jyD 1928 OD;cspv
f idI f *sD
pDbaD t\ 15 Mudraf jrmuf ESpf
ywfvnfnv
D mcHudk tif;pdecf kid f
oeyfacsmif;&GmwGif usif;yonf/
pm 171-192
11 {jyD 1928 awmyke;f MuD;pHzu

J dk
jrif;NcHaxmifwiG f MudK;ay; owf
jzwfonf/
rm*"Dompnf AkdvfpHzJ pm 8^23^47^
56
arv
1 ar 1928 'kid t
f mcDtpk;d &tzGUJ
b@ma&;0efMuD; qm0Dv*H Reu
f w
d f
\ &mxl;ae&mwGif rpwm prpf
117
ausmfNidrf;
(Samuel Andrew Smyth C.S.I,

I.C.S) qufco
H nf/
R.A.B 1928-29 P 2
pufwifb mv
axmifonf/
1/B.R.T.C. P 72
2/R.A.B 1928-29 P 11
4/MunfnGefY orkdif;0ifol&d,jrefrmh
pufwifb m 1928 AEu&aohudk

zrf;qD;&rdonf/
UAung Myint ''Bandaka Ris-
tvif;
ing'' P 34

H iG f
'kid t
f mcDtyk cf sKyaf &; pepft& wwd
,tMudrf Oya'jyKvTwaf wmf a&G;
aumufyu
JG si;f yonf/ a&G;aumuf
yGw
J iG f jynfojl ynfom; ygwDu
trwf 40 OD;? a&TawmifMum;ygwD
u trwf 12 OD; ta&G;cH&onf/
a&G;aumufyw
214414 OD;
qErJ ay;Ekid o
f nfh rJ
pm&if;&dS vlO;D a&aygif; 2020418
OD;
20 %
atmufwb
dk mv
22 atmufwb
dk m 1928 q&m
awmf oHCmawmfrsm;tpnf;ta0;
usif;yjyD; trsKd;om;acgif;aqmif
rsm; aoG;pnf;nDnw
G pf mG jzifh trsK;d
om;vGwfajrmufa&; MudK;yrf;Mu
&ef oHCmESiv
hf yl *k Kd vrf sm; ylaygif;
yg0ifonfh pwk'o
D mwpf&m aumf
rwDzGJUpnf;&ef qkH;jzwfonf/
S w
f rf;3 pm 217
('k) pm 310-311
atmufwb
dk m 1928 trsK;d om;
ygvDreftzGUJ (National Parliamentary Organization )ukd 0wf
vkOH ;D eDEiS hf OD;bpk;d wkYd OD;pD; wnf
118
pm 179
Ek0d ifb mv

ukv
JG rkid ;f
(y) pm 310-311
3/Furnivall, Colonial Policy and
Practice P 164
4/Report and Proceedings of the

Indian Statutory Commission,
1930,XI , PP 580-1
19 Ek0d ifb m 1928 tdE,

d bk&if
cHcsKyf avmhtm0ifEiS hf ZeD;av'Dtm
0if &efuek jf rdKUokYd a&muf&o
Sd nf/
ol&d,owif;pm 20-11-1928

d bk&if
cHcsKyf avmhtm0if awmifMuD;jrdKU
wGif 'gbmyGJusif;y&m &Srf;apmf
bGm;rsm; wufa&mufonf/
R.A.B 1928-29 P 4
30 Ek0d ifb mrS 7 'DZifb m 1928
uarmZya'o &mZmtoif;\ 7
Mudraf jrmuf tpnf;ta0; usi;f y
onf/
R.A.B 1928-29 P 4
'DZifb mv
5 'DZifb m 1928 Akv
d cf sKyrf LS ;MuD;
apmarmif (aemif jynfaxmifpk
jrefrmEkdifiHawmf jidrf0yfydjym;rI
wnfaqmufa&;tzGJUtpkd;&Ou|)
1928-1997ukd rEav;jrdKUwGif
OD;armifuav;? a':rSwf rdbESpf
yg;rS arG;zGm;onf/
yxrtMudrf jynfolYvTwfawmfokdY
xyfrHa&G; cs,fwifajrmufjcif;cH&aom
jynfoYl vw
T af wmf uk,
d pf m;vS,rf sm;\
uk,
d af &;rSww
f rf;tusOf; csKyf(rEav;
wkdif;) 1977 pm 15
9 'DZifb m 1928 trfatOD;armif

MuD;onf jrefrmjynfEiS t
hf Ed ,
d jynf
cGcJ mG a&;toif; zGUJ pnf;&ef tpnf;
ta0;usif;yonf/ tpnf;ta0;
wGif cGcJ mG a&;toif; (The Separation League )ukdzGJUpnf;onf/
toif;\ acwtusK;d aqmiftzGUJ
ukd zGUJ pnf;&m
Ou| pufoal X;OD;bk;d wuf
tusKd;aqmif ol&,
d OD;odr;f armif
trIaqmif trfatOD;armifMuD;
tygt0if yk*Kd vf 21 OD;
ukd a&G;aumufwifajrmufonf/
1/ ol&d,owif;pm 11-12-28
('k) pm 394
11 'DZifb m 1928 tdE,

d bk&if
cHcsKyf avmhtm0ifu qm[mukwf
119
ausmfNidrf;
bwvm\ausmufyk t
f m; tcrf;
tem;jzifh zGifhvSpfonf/

ok;H Mudraf jrmuf 'kid t
f mcD ( yl;wGJ
wm0efcH) tpkd;&zGJUpnf;onf/
tpk;d & tzGUJ 0ifrsm;rSm
1/ qifjrL&,ftif'l;prpf
b@ma&;0efMuD;csKyf
2/ qma*satarmifMuD;
3/ qmvDt&def
4/ OD;bwif
ynma&;0efMuD;csKyf wkdYjzpfonf/
1/R.A.B 1928-29 P 3
S w
f rf;3 pm 218
Zefe0g&Dv
13 Zefe0g&D 1929 ql;avbk&m;
vrf; (,ck r[mAEKvyef;NcHEiS hf
rsufESmcsif;qkdif) ae&Sife,farmf
awmf u k r P D taqmuf t tk H
cGcJ mG a&; toif;MuD;\ oif;vH;k
uRwf tpnf;ta0; usi;f yonf/
ol&d,owif;pm 14-1-29 tcsyyf dk
(#)
120
22 Zefe0g&D 1929
'kw,
d
ukv
JG rkid ;f
1
9
t*Fvdyf-jrefrmppftwGif; usqkH;
cJo
h nfh jAdwo
d Qt&m&do
S ;Hk OD;ESihf ppf
om;wpfO;D \ ocsKi ;f rsm;ukd a&T
wd*aHk pwDawmf taemufbufuek ;f
awmfay:rS uefawmfrifocsKi;f okYd
ajymif;a&TUonf/
Burma Year Book 1930 P1
29 Zefe0g&D 1929 qm*Req
f idk f rGef
acgif;aqmifaom qkdifrGefaumf
r&Sif uvuwm;rS &efuek Nf rdKUokYd
a&muf&dSonf/
OD;pk;d odr;f *spD b
D aD tu qkid rf eG f
aumfr&Sit
f m; oydwaf rSmuf qE
jyyGJ usif;yonf/

pm 313
31 Zefe0g&D 1929 qkid rf eG af umf

r&Si\
f pkpH rf;ppfaq;rIrsm; pwif
onf/
azaz:0g&Dv
13 azaz:0g&D 1929 pwk'o
D m
wpf&m aumfrwDtzGUJ tkycf sKyfa&;
121
ausmfNidrf;
q&mawmfMuD;rsm;u ,if;aumfr
wDwpfcv
k ;Hk ukd y,fzsuf&yfpv
J u
dk f
aMumif; aMunmonf/
pm 216
14 azaz:0g&D 1929q&mawmf
OD;0dpm&tm; uvuwm;rS &ef
ukefaxmifokdY jyefykdYonf/
pm 329
&efuek Nf rdKUawmf0efu {nfch MH udKqkd

onf/
*EED pS w
f pf&mjynfah rG;aeYpmapmif pm 4
9 rwf 1929 r[wr*ED *sLAvD

a[m {nfch yH JG wufa&mufo
f nf/
wkdufpkd; *sLAvDa[m pm 112-3
15 rwf 1929 q&mawmfOD;0dpm

& [Hom0wDckid ?f ok;H cGNrdKUe,f?
zku
H ef&mG t*Fvyd t
f pk;d & qefY
usiaf &; ]]raMumufw&m;}} a[m
ajymonf/
15 azaz:0g&D 1929 qkid rf eG f

aumfr&Sif &efuek jf rdKUrS r'&yfjrdKU
okYd jyefvnfxu
G cf mG onf/


OD;0dpm& tusOf;uscH&uf aph
axmifrS vGwo
f nf/
21 rwf 1929 r[wr*ED tdE,

d
Ekid if H uvuwm;jrdKUokYd jyefvnf
xGufcGmonf/
rwfv
8 rwf 1929 r[wr*ED &efuek f
jrdKUokYd a&muf&o
Sd nf/
9 rwf 1929 r[wr*ED tm;
122
24 -27 rwf 1929 jrefrmjynf

\ 8 Murd af jrmuf ESpyf wfvnf
D D
at\ 16 Murd af jrmuf ESpyf wf
ukv
JG rkid ;f
vnf nDvmcHudk awmifijl rdKUwGif

usif;yonf/
29 rwf 1929 OD;cspv
f idI f *spD b
D D
at\ Ekid if v
ajrmuf ESpfywfvnfnDvmcHukd
*sLAvDa[mwGif usif;yonf/
onf/
pm 107
17 {jyD 1929 q&mawmf OD;0dpm

&u axmiftwGi;f ouFe;f 0wfciG hf
ESihf Oykojf yKcGi&hf a&;twGuf tpm
iwfcHqEjyonf/
rwfv 1929 awmifiw

l iG f usi;f
yonfh OD;pk;d odr;f *spD b
D aD t\
Ekid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m nDvmcHrS raus
eyfxGufoGm;Muaom ppfukdif;
awmif;dk a&OD;q&mawmf OD;Mo
bmotrSL;jyKonfh &[ef;yk*Kd vf?
vly*k Kd vw
f Ydku pifjydKit
f pnf;ta0;
jyKvyk jf y;D *smreDjyef
OD;pktm;
orwOu| wifajrmufum *spD D
bDattoif; xyfrw
H nfaxmif&m
rS OD;pk*spD b
D aD ttoif; ay:ayguf
vmonf/
S w
f rf;3 pm 243-252
{jyDv
6 {jyD 1929 q&mawmf OD;0dpm&
tm; jAdwo
d Qtpk;d &u zrf;qD;
arv
1 ar 1929 a&Tbpdk uf&iS w
f &m;
olMuD;k;H u AEu&aohyek u
f ef x
<urIEiS hf ywfouf 69 OD;tm;
zrf;qD;xm;onft
h euf 14 OD;rS
jypfrrI xif&mS ; vTwyf pfjyD; 55
OD;tm; jAdwo
d Qtpk;d & awmfveS yf ek f
uefrjI zifh pGcJ suw
f if ppfaq;cJh
onf/ xkt
d euf 40 OD;tm; jypf
rIusL;vGeaf Mumif; qk;H jzwf ao
'PfwpfO;D ? AEu&aohtygt0if
26 OD;tm; axmif'Pf wpfouf
wpfuRe;f ? 13 OD;tm; axmif'Pf
7 ESpf toD;oD;usc&H efp&D ifcsuf
csrSwfonf/
ZGefv
123
ausmfNidrf;
7 ZGef 1929 &rf;aq;rua':e,f

(J Ramsay MaC donald) onf
t*Fvef 0efMuD;csKy&f mxl;wGif wm
0efxrf;aqmifonf/
22 ZGef 1929 trsK;d om;&Jwyfac:
jrefrmjynf trsK;d om; taysmw
f rf;
&Jwyfudk qmarmifMuD;u OD;aqmif
zGJUpnf;onf/
ewfarmufbek ;f ausmf trsK;d om;taysmf
wrf;&JwyfzGJUorkdif; vufESdyfpufrl
28 ZGef 1929 q&mawmf OD;0dpm&

tm; 6 ESpf wpfuRe;f ykYd'Pf pD&if
csuf csrw
S o
f nf/
pm 107
Mo*kwfv
25 Mo*kwf 1929 &efuek jf rdKUwGif
vlxt
k pnf;ta0;usif;y q&m
awmf OD;0dpm& awmif;qko
d nfh
ouFef;0wfkHcGifhESifh OykofjyKcGifh
onf 0denf;awmfEiS t
hf nDjzpfaom
aMumifh vku
d af vsmoifah Mumif; qk;H
jzwfonf/
pm 331
124
pufwifb mv
19 pufwifb m 1929 jrefrmh
trsK;d om; Ekid if aH &; Ek;d Mum;vm
atmif MudK;yrf;aqmif&GufcJhonfh
tmZmenf t&Sif OD;0dpm&onf
axmiftwGi;f Oykoo
f w
D if;jyKcGihf
r&ojzifh tpmiwfcH qEjy&mrS
(166 &uftMum) ysv
H eG af wmfrl
onf/
S w
f rf;2 pm 96
2/ Burma Year Book 1930 P.3
20 pufwifb m 1929 axmif

trIxrf;rsm;u q&mawmfO;D 0dpm&
tavmif;awmftm;
uRe;f om;
acgif;wGif xnf
h q&mawmf OD;0d
pm& ,cifu oDwif;ok;H aexkid f
cJah om Munfjh rifwidk f O,smOfwu
dk f
wGHaw;ausmif;okdY ykdYonf/
pm 335
Ek0d ifb mv
27 Ekd0ifb m 1929 jrefrmEkid if H
bk&ifcH qmcsm;(vf) tif;epfu
a&Tw*d aHk pwD uke;f awmfonf ppf
bufEiS rhf ouf qkid af wmh cHwyf
ukv
JG rkid ;f
pm&if;rSy,fzsuv
f u
dk o
f nfh twGuf
a&Tw*d aHk pwDawmf uke;f awmfwpfck
vk;H omoeme,fajrtjzpf vGwf
vyfpmG wnf&v
Sd monf/
OD;odr;f armif &efukef&mZ0iforkdif;
('kw,
d tMudr)f ? &efuek ?f ZGyJ EHk ySd ?f 1963?
pm 219? aemifu;dk um;vQif OD;odrf;
armif &efukef&mZ0if [kTef;rnf
'DZifb mv
9 - 14 'DZifb m 1929 uarmZ
ya'o&mZm toif;\ 8 Murd f
ajrmuftpnf;ta0; usi;f yonf/
R.A.B 1929-30 P 4
1929
tmZmenf ukad xG;ukd
rEav;jrdKU ajrmufjyif ody&H yfwiG f
OD;uku
d adk v;? a':rif;&D rdbESpyf g;
rS arG;zGm;onf/
q&momxkd u&ifESifhEkdifiHa&;jyem
&efukef? u&iftrsKd;om;tpnf;tkH;
XmecsKy?f 1948? pm 65-69
OD;oefY jynfawmfomc&D; ('kwd,wGJ)
&efuek ?f pmayAdrmefyEHk ydS ?f 1961? pm
75
Zefe0g&Dv
Zefe0g&D 1930 jAdwo
d Qtpk;d &u
a&Twd*kHapwDawmfay:&dS taemuf
bufrck cf w
H yfEiS hf ppfwyfudk a&GU
ay;onf/
pm 356
azaz:0g&Dv
OD;0Dpm& kyt
f avmif;awmftm;
1929 jrefrmEkid if v
H ;Hk qkid &f m u&if
trsK;d om;rsm; tzGUJ csKyf (Burma
Karen National Association
B.K.N.A)ukd u&ifAk'bmom
q&mawmf OD;yP0Ho? apmb

oufa&TEiS ahf pmazomwkYd OD;aqmif
wnfaxmifonf/
125
ausmfNidrf;
oN*K[f&ef O,smOfwu
dk rf S a&Tw*d Hk
apwD taemufrck o
f Ydk a&TUajymif;
onf/
1
9
a':trm a&T;dk ? buav;(y) pm 160
13 azaz:0g&D 1930 OD;pk*sDpDbD

at\ Ekid if v
ajrmufnv
D mcHudk pOfu
h idk jf rdKUouf
vTwaf pwDteD;wGif usif;yonf/
pm 339
rwfv
3
0
2 rwf 1930 a&Tw*d t

Hk aemuf
bufrck f apmif;wef;zGiyhf JG usif;y
onf/
1/ ol&d,owif;pm 3-3-30
2/ MunfnGefY orkdif;0ifol&d,jrefrmh
tvif; pm 107
{jyDv
10 - 12 {jyD 1930 jrefrmjynf
tpnf; ta0;ESihf OD;pk;d odr;f *spD b
D D
at\17Mudraf jrmuf ESpyf wfvnf
nDvmcHudk rEav;jrdKU csr;f jrom
126
ukv
JG rkid ;f
pnf? &Siyf iftek ;f tif; bk&m;teD;

wGif usi;f yonf/
pm 294-299
pm 338
arv
5 ar 1930 jrefrmEkid if H rMuHKz;l
aom ajrivsiMf uD; vIyrf aI Mumifh
&efuek Ef iS hf yJc;l NrdKUrsm;wGif wku
d f
trsm;jydKus tdrrf sm; rD;avmif
onf/ a&Tw*d aHk pwD pdezf ;l usK;d
onf/ vlaygif; 500 cefYaoaMu
ysupf ;D onf/
yJc;l a&Tarmfa"m
bk&m; 1917 ckEpS f ivQiaf Mumifh
jydKusjyD;aemuf,ck 'kw,
d tMudrf
yp,mokH;qifhtxd jydKusonfh
twGu1f 917 ivQix
f uf tysuf
tpD; ykrd sm;onf/
ol&d,r*Zif; yE&owG^J twGJ 15?
trSwf 2? 1931? {jy?D pm 2
OD;vlaz0if; a&T a rmf a "mork d i f ; opf
&efuek /f Ir0ykEH ySd ?f 1954/ pm 2
12 ar 1930 qkid rf eG af umfr&Siu

f
aumfr&Sit
f zGUJ \pkpH rf;ppfaq;csuf
ESiw
hf uGtBuHay;csuu
f dk vufrw
S f
xkd;onf/
ol&,
d kypf o
Hk wif;pm yxrwG?J trSwf
8? 6-7-30? pm 15-16 aemifu;dk um;
vQifo&l ,
d kypf o
H k wif;pm yxrwG?J trSwf
8? 6-7-30 [kTef;rnf
26 ar 1930 &efukefjrdKUwGif
ukvm;-jrefrm t"dukP;f jzpfymG ;
&m vl 100 ausmcf efY aoqk;H
onf/
1/R.A.B 1929-30 P XI
2/R.A.B 1930-31 P X
3/bckid f jrefrmjynfEidk if aH &; pm 155
30 ar 1930 wkYdArmtpnf;tk;H
u jrefrmjynfov
l x
l u
k kd wyfveS Yf
vIaH qmfvu
dk o
f nfh Ekid if jH yK pmpk
trSwf 1 ukd xkwaf 0onf/ xkYd
aMumifh wkdYArmtpnf;tkH;pwif
xlaxmifaom aeYudk 30 ar
1930 [ktodtrSwjf yKcJMh uonf/
tpOD;qk;H wkYdArmtpnf;tk;H trI
aqmifrsm;rSm Ou| ocifbaomif;?
twGi;f a&;rSL; ocifoed ;f armif?
tzGUJ 0ifrsm;rSm ocifbwif? ocif
xGe;f a&T? ocif[ef? ocifvaS bmf?
ocifodef;[efwkdY jzpfMuonf/
127
ausmfNidrf;
wkYdArmtpnf;tk;H orkid ;f (yxrwG)J pm
127
10 ZGef 1930 qkid rf eG af umfr&Si\

f
tpD&ifcpH m yxrwGu
J dk xkwjf yef
onf/
5/ xkb
d &k ifcrH mS tdE,
d Ekid if H bk&if
cHcsKyf vufatmufcH rjzpf&ef/
6/ tdE,
d Ekid if EH iS hf
jrefrmEkid if H
jyemay:aygufu qif;rvm;
jrdKUwGif rqkH;jzwfbJ vef'efjrdKU
wGif qk;H jzwf&efwkdYjzpfonf/
ol&,
d kypf o
8? 6-7-1930? pm 15-16
ol&,
d kypf o
8? 6-7-1930? pm 15-16
24 ZGef 1930 qkid rf eG af umfr&Sif

tpD&ifcpH m 'kw,
d wGu
J dk tdE,
d
Ekid if EH iS hf t*FvefEidk if w
H iG f wpfjydKif
eufwpfcsed w
f nf; xkwjf yefaMunm
onf/ qkid rf eG af umfr&Sif tpD&ifcH
pmwGif jrefrmEkid if t
H wGuf tBuH
ay;csufrsm;rSm
1/ jrefrmEkid if EH iS hf tdE,
d Ekid if H wpf
cgwnf;cGJ&ef/
2/ cGcJ mG jyD;vQif tkycf sKyaf &; Oya'
pDr&H ef jrefrmjynftwGuf oD;oefY
pkHprf;&ef/
3/ tdE,
d Ekid if EH iS hf jrefrmEkid if H ESpf
EkdifiHtwGuf ukeful;oef;a&mif;
0,fa&; pnf;urf;owfrSwfcsuf
xm;&ef/
4/ jrefrmjynfudk bk&ifcH wpfO;D u
tkyfcsKyf&ef/
ZGefv
128
&efuek Af [kad xmif x<urIjzpf

ppfyv
k yd w
f yfu ESrd ef if;&m tusO;f
om; 36 OD;aoqk;H jy;D 60 OD;
'Pf&m&onf/ppfyv
k yd rf sm;teuf
aomhukdifESifh ppf,mOfarmif;ol?
axmifMuyf 7 OD;? ppfyg&DwpfO;D ESihf
[maA'g wpfO;D aoqk;H onf/
1/ R.A.B 1929-30 P XI
3/Morris Collics,Into Hidden
Burma,London, Faber & Faber
1953, P 184
Zlvkdifv
19 Zlvkdif 1930 0kid t
f rfbq
D &m
wif a&;pyfonfh wkYd ArmoDcD si;f
ukd &efuek w
f uov
dk f oxkaH qmif
o[m,ESihf pmzwfcef;rwGif oD
ukv
JG rkid ;f
qkdonf/
tkd;a0\a&T&wkob ifvufa&G;pif?
&efuek ?f pnfyifom,mykEH ydS ?f 1971? pm
56? aemifu;dk um;vQif tkd;a0a&T&wk
ob if [keT ;f rnf/
20 Zlvidk f 1930 wkYAd rmoDcsi;f ukd

a&Twd*kHapwDawmf &m[kaxmifh
Z&yfwiG f oDqo
dk nf/
wkYd Armtpnf;tk;H orkid ;f (y)pm 134
Mo*kwfv
4 Mo*kwf 1930 uEm&0wDapmf
bGm; apmcGev
f D (Saw Hkun Li)
uG,fvGefonf/
R.A.B 1930-31 P 6
12 Mo*kwf 1930 jrefrmEkid if H
bk&ifcH qmcsm;vfpt
f if;epf t*Fvef
Ekid if o
H Ydk cGiEhf iS jhf yefpOftwGi;f jynf
xJa&;0efMuD;csKyf qma*satarmif
MuD; acwb&k ifct
H jzpf wm0ef,l
aqmif&Gufonf/
R.A.B 1930-31 P 6
20 Mo*kwf 1930 tdE,
d jynf
qkid &f mtwGi;f 0efu jrefrf mjynfudk
tdE,
d ESihf cGcJ mG a&;udk pDpOf&ef NAdwd
oQtpk;d &u qk;H jzwfvu
dk af Mumif;?
xkYd uo
hJ Ydk cGcJ mG a&;udk pDpOfjcif;jzifh
tdE,
d Ekid if H tygt0if jzpfaom
jrefrmjynftwGuf tkycf sKyaf &; wk;d
wuf&&drS u
I kd xdcu
dk af prnfr[kwf
aMumif;? cGcJ mG jyD;aemuf jrefrmjynf
twGuf jAdwo
d Qtifyg,mtwGi;f
ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfjcif;jzifh aeaom
EkdifiHwpfEkdifiHtjzpfjzifh &&dSap&ef
&nf&,
G cf su&f aSd Mumif;? jrefrmjynf
tkyfcsKyfa&; jyKjyif&efudpt
wGuf
jrefrmjynf rsufESmpkHnD tpnf;
ta0;ukd oD;oefYjyKvkyfrnfjzpf
aMumif; ajymMum;onf/
xGef;oef; jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; pm
182-3
pm 351
atmufwb
dk mv
28 atmufwkdb m 1930 q&mpH
onf om,m0wDta&SU? jrpdrf;
awmifnKd bk&m;wGif 23;33 em&D
wGif yxrtMudrf &mZbdaou
wifajrmuf yGu
J si;f yjyD; okyPu
*VKe&mZm [laom bGUJ trnfudk
cH,u
l m OykoMf uD; 0ifonf/
1930-32 ckEpS rf sm;twGi;f jrefrmjynf
129
ausmfNidrf;
wGif olyek x
f <urIjzpfymG ;jcif;taMumif;
ESihf rnfonft
h wGux
f o
dk YdkjzpfymG ;&onfh
taMumif;t&mrsm;?&efuek ?f tpk;d &ykEH ydS ?f
1934? pm 9? aemifu;dk um;vQif olykef
x<urIjzpfyGm;jcif;taMumif;[kTef;
rnf/
atmifoif;? OD;armifarmiftek ;f ckid f

ESihf qmatmf'*D vefAD wkYd yg0if
onf/
pm 364
MunfnGefY orkdif;0if ol&d, jrefrmh
tvif; pm 202
Ek0d ifb mv
6 Ek0d ifb m 1930 q&mpH Oykorf S
xGufonf/
1/B.R.T.C Vol I P 72
2/ olyek f x<urIjzpfymG ;jcif;taMumif;
pm 10
10 Ed0k ifb mv 1930 ausmufjzL

jrdKUwGif avrkefwkdif;usa&muf&m
vltaotaysmuf r&dSaomfvnf;
pyg;cif;rsm; ysufpD;onf/
1/a':trm a&T;dk ?buav; pm 161
2/ol&d,r*Zif; yE&owG^J twGJ 15?

d Ekid if H
qkid &f m rsuEf mS pkn
H D tpnf;ta0;
ukd t*FvefEidk if H vef'efjrdKUwGif
usif;y&m tdE,
d Ekid if rH S uk,
d pf m;
vS,f 73 OD;wufa&mufonfh
teuf jrefrmEkid if rH S OD;bab? OD;
130
'DZifb mv
4 'DZifb m 1930 awmificl kid ?f
jzL;jrdKUwGif ivsiv
f yI &f mS vl 30
OD; aoqk;H jyD; jrdKUwpf0ufcefY tdrf
ajcrsm; ysufp;D onf/
R.A.B 1930-31 P 10
5 'DZifb m 1930 q&mpHonf

om,m0wD tvHawmifpcef;wGif
17; 00 em&D yEuf u
dk
f Ak'
&mZmjrdKUwnfonf/
olyek f x<urIjzpfymG ;jcif;taMumif; pm
10
8 - 13 'DZifb m 1930 uarmZ

ya'o&mZmtoif;\e0rtMudrf
tpnf; ta0;usif;yonf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
R.A.B
1930-31 P 4
21 'DZifb m 1930 q&mpHu

eHeuf 9;30 wGif tvHawmifpcef;
wJeef;aqmufonf/
olyek f x<urIjzpfymG ;jcif;taMumif; pm
10
jrefrmEkid if H acwb&k ifcH qm

a*satarmifMuD;u om,m0wDjrdKU
wGif 'gbmyGu
J si;f y&m t&m&dMS uD;
i,frsm; qk&olaus;&GmolMuD;rsm;
ESihf tpk;d & t&mxrf; trIxrf;rsm;
wufa&mufonf/
awmifolv,form; ta&;awmfykH pm
75
22 'DZifb m 1930 q&mpH

OD;aqmifonfh awmifov
l ,form;
ta&;awmfyHk om,m0wDckid ?f a&
wku
d &f mG rS pwifonf/ q&mpH\
trdeYf t& &J&aJ usmfxifbUJG & Akv
d f
bk;d aqmh acgif;aqmifaom awmif
ol v,form; *VKefwyfzUJG onf
om,m0wD axmifziG &hf ef om,m
0wDjrdKUokYd csw
D ufvm&m prf;wGi;f
&GmteD;wGif ZdrZf m&GmolMuD; OD;zk;d
nGeYfEiS hf aemufvu
dk rf sm;udk awGU&dS
jyD; wku
d cf u
dk rf jI zpfymG ;&m OD;zk;d nGeYf
aoqkH;onf/ *VKefwyfzGJUrsm;
vnf; qufvufcsw
D ufjcif; rjyK
awmhbJ jyefvnf qkwcf mG onf/
1/awmifolv,form; ta&;awmfykH
pm 80-81
2/olykef x<urIjzpfyGm;jcif;taMumif;
pm 1
3/R.A.B 1930-31 P VII
23 'DZifb m 1930 zm;a&Tausmf

yxr wku
d yf w
JG iG f &mZ0wf0efu
av; OD;armifuav;ESihf ykvyd t
f zGUJ
qkwfcGm&onf/
88-90
24 'DZifb m 1930 0J&mG Akv

d w
f &J Sd
opfawm tif*sief ,
D m rpwmzD;
uvyf ( Mr H.V.W Fields
Clarke)tm; awmifov
l ,form;
*VKef wyfzUJG rsm;u 0kid ;f 0ef;wku
d f
cku
d &f m zD;uvyfEiS w
hf uG awm
tkyOf ;D b&if? pma&; OD;wifatmif
wkYd aoqk;H onf/
1/ The Burma Gazette No 52, 27
Dec 1930 ,P 967
131
ausmfNidrf;
pm 99
94-8
Munfhjrifwkdif Am;u&mvrf;&dS
OD;pk;d odr;f *spD b
D aD t toif;wku
d f
ukpd pfwyfEiS 0hf idk ;f pm&Gupf mwrf;
rsm;uko
d rd ;f qnf;um toif;wku
d f
ukdcsdwfydwfonf/
31 'DZifb m 1930 awmifol

v,form;ta&;awmfyHk acgif;aqmif
q&mpH\XmecsKyf tvHawmifpcef;
ukd bm;rm;kid zf ,fwyf (Burma
Rifle)u wufa&mufwkdufckduf
odr;f yku
d &f m q&mpH tvHawmif
pcef;rS wdrf;a&SmifoGm;onf/

pm 353
25 'DZifb m 1930 zm;a&TaG usmf

'kwd,wkdufyGJwGif &mZ0wf0efu
av; OD;armifuav; usq;Hk yef
csmyDwyfrsm; qkwfcGm&onf/
pm 93-94
29 'DZifb m 1930 q&mpHonf

tvHawmifpcef;rS trdeYfawmfwpf
&yf xkwjf yefonf/
1/olykef x<urIjzpfyGm;jcif;taMumif;
pm 11
30 'DZifb m 1930 zm;a&Tausmf

wwd,wku
d yf w
JG iG f awmifov
l ,f
orm;*VKefwyfzGJUrsm; tustqkH;
rsm;pGmESifh qkwfcGm&onf/
132
143-4
1930 jrefrmtrsK;d orD; ae&Sief ,f

aumifpD (National Council of
Burmese Women) ukd zGUJ pnf;
wnfaxmifonf/ trIaqmifrsm;
rSm Ou| a':jrar
tusKd;aqmif a':jra&T (jrefrm
EkdifiH yxrqkH;trsKd;orD; ynm
tkyf)
trIaqmif a':oef;wif (tar&d
uefo?l qmay:xGe;f \ ZeD;)
a':rrcif (OD;xGe;f ndK\ZeD;)
a':jrpdef (OD;aratmif\orD;)
a':pef; (tif'yD if;'ifh *sme,f
t,f'Dwm)
a':a&T wkYd jzpfMuonf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
1930 jrefrm-*syef ,Ofaus;rI

toif;ukd wnfaxmifonf/
Ba Maw, Break Through in
Burma P 48
Zefe0g&Dv
2 Zefe0g&D 1931 wkyjf refrm
t"dukP;f jzpfymG ; vl 14 OD;ao
qkH;onf/
R.A.B 1930-31 P X
ol&d,owif;pm 5-1-31
9 Zefe0g&D 1931 om,m0wD

olyek f
acgif;aqmif
ig;rnf&
3
1
133
ausmfNidrf;
q&mpHtm; zrf;qD;ay;oludk qkaiG

5000 usyaf y;rnf[k aMunm
onf/
13 Zefe0g&D 1931 jrefrmEkid if H

bk&ifcH qmcsm;vfpftif;epfonf
qma*satarmifMuD;xHrS jrefrm
Ekid if H bk&ifcH wm0efudk vTaJ jymif;
&,lonf/
R.A.B 1930-31 P II
1/ R.A.B 1930-31
PX
2/ OD;odr;f armif &efukef&mZ0if pm

220
3/ ol&,
d r*Zif; yE&owG^J twGJ 15?
10 rwf 1931 OD;pk;d odr;f *spD b

D D
at toif;MuD;ESihf if;ESihf quf
oG,af om toif;aygif; 98 oif;
ukd rw&m;toif;[k tpkd;&u
aMunmonf/
azaz:0g&Dv
{jyDv
azaz:0g&D 1931 jrefrmEkid if H
23 {jyD 1931 om,m0wDe,f ol

ykeaf cgif;aqmif ig;rnf& q&mpH
ukd qkaiG 5000 rS 10000 usyf
wk;d wufay;rnf[k aMunmonf/
wGif oef;acgifpm&if;aumuf,l
&mjrefrmEkdifiHvlOD;a& 14667
146 OD;(atmufjrefrm Ekid if w
H iG f
7765 614 OD;ESihf txufjrefrm
Ekid if w
H iG f 6841532 OD;) &do
S nf/
R.A.B 1930-31 P X
rwfv
6 rwf 1931 a&Tw*d akH pwDawmf
taemufrck f wefaqmif;rsm; rD;
avmif ode;f (20) bd;k cefY ysuf
pD;onf/
134

trSwf 4? 1931? ZGe?f pm 108
{jyD 1931 avmh0,fvif'ef (Lard

d bk&ifcH
Willingdon) onf tdE,
csKyf &mxl;ukd vufcH aqmif&u
G f
onf/
P 1043
ukv
JG rkid ;f
arv
18 ar 1931 OD;a'ud;k ? a':qGJ
av; wdYk\ wpfO;D wnf;aomom;
OD;zg (Adv
k cf sKyfatmifqef;\zcif)
(touf 64)ewfarmufjrdKUwGif
uG,fvGefonf/
atmifoef; atmifqef;rdom;pk ?wwd
,tMudr?f &efuek ?f atmifcsr;f omykEH ydS ?f
1977? pm 21
25 ar 1931 o&mZygwDukd
pwif wnfaxmifcahJ om atmuf
vTwaf wmf Oya'jyKtrSwf armfv
jrdKif OD;wkwMf uD; (1884- 1931)
armfvjrdKifjrdKUwGif uG,v
f eG o
f nf/
trSwf 5? 1931? Zlvidk ?f pm 109
ZGefv
8 zGef 1931 ol&,
d owif;pm
wGif]t*FvdyfwdkY&ufpuffyHk} acgif;
pOfjzifh wdu
k yf w
JG iG f usq;kH aom
awmifov
l ,form;olyek t
f avmif;
16 avmif;\ OD;acgif;jywfrsm;udk
vltrsm;tm;jyoaeyHk "gwfyHk
owif; yg&So
d nf/ (uywed v
f rd ;f
ESifh rpwmpwDAifqefOD;pD;onfh
jAdwdoQwyfzGJYESifh awmifolv,f
orm; wyfzYJGrsm; aygufacgif;vrf;
ESihf 4rdik f tuGmwGif wdu
k yf jJG zpfymG ;
onf/ wdu
k yf jJG zpfymG ;tjyD; usqH;k
aom olyek t
f avmif; 16 avmif;
\ OD;acgif;rsm;ukd jzwf,v
l mum
jynfjrdKU &Jwef;vsm; pm;yGw
J pfck
ay:wifxm;&m jynfjrdKUrS taysmf
wrf;"mwfyHkq&m tdEd,vlrsKd;
'l;&*g; y&mqyfu du
k u
f ;l xm;
jcif; jzpfonf/)
ol&d,owif;pm 8-6-31
17 ZGef 1931 q&mpHonf zuf

0rf;pcef;wGif atmifcsr;f om jrdKU
opfwnfaxmifjyD; wJeef;awmf
wpfck aqmufvyk o
f nf/
olykefx<urIjzpfyGm;jcif;taMumif; pm
10
MunfnGefY ork d i f ; 0if o l & d , jref r mh
tvif; pm 196-198
Zlvdkifv
1 Zlvdkif 1931 q&mpHonf
vl0wf vJumrif;ajrmufwefqm
ig;yg;0wfqif bk&ifjzpfaMumif;
'kw,
d tMudrf aMunmonf/ &mZ
bdaou r*FvmyGJ qif,ifusi;f
135
ausmfNidrf;
yonf/
olykefx<urIjzpfyGm;jcif;taMumif; pm
10
Mo*kwfv
2 Mo*kwf 1931 q&mpHtm;
aemifcsKdjrdKUajrmufbuf oHk;q,f
e,f? ukvm;uG'J ikd ?f [dck akd emifurG ;f
&Gm teD;wGif zrf;qD;&rdonf/
153-4
4 Mo*kwf 1931 q&mpHtm;

aemifcsKd rS oDaygaxmifoYkdr;D &xm;
jzifhydkYonf/
154-5
14 Mo*kwf 1931 q&mpH om,m

0wDaxmifodkY a&muf&Sdonf/
179-180
15 Mo*kwf 1931 q&mpHtrIppf

onf/
180-187
OD;pk;d odr;f
136
*spD b
D aD tukd rw&m;
toif; aMunmxm;jcif;rS kwf

odrf;onf/
DSHRI DR 4178
18 Mo*kwf 1931 jidr;f csr;f a&;
(a&Tjynfat;) tzGYJ0ifq&mawmfrsm;
onf jrefrmEdik if H bk&ifcq
H m csm;
vfpf tif;epftdrfawmfodkY oGm;
a&mufum bk&ifcHESifh awGYqHk
a';'&J zsmyHo
k yl ek rf t
I wGuf MudK;
rdeYf csxm; olig;OD;ukd toufciG hf
jyK&ef? q&mawmfrsm;jidrf;csrf;a&;
c&D;pOfxu
G &f m MudKwifppD Of&&ef?
tpd;k & xkwjf yefonfh olyek x
f MuG
olwYkd jyefvnf0ifa&mufciG &hf ufukd
wdk;jrifhay;&ef ajymMum;onf/
bk&ifcu
H vnf; ,ckuo
hJ Ykd wdik ;f
jynfrjidrfrouf jzpfaeonfudk
*kPmawmf xm; aqmif&u
G f
onfhtwGuf tvGef0rf;ajrmuf
aMumif;? if;aqmif&Gufay;Edkif
onfrsm;udk aqmif&Gufay;rnf
jzpfaMumif; jyefvnfajymMum;
onf/
pm 382-4
20 Mo*kwf 1931
jAw
d o
d Qtpd;k
ukv
JG rkid ;f
&u jrefrmEdik if t
H m; tdE,
d Edik if H
ESihf wGaJ &;cGaJ &;aqG;aEG;&ef jrefrm
Edik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m rsufEmS pHn
k D aqG;
aEG;yGJ usi;f yrnf[ak Munmonf/
B.R.T.C P5
23 Mo*kwf 1931 jrefrmEdik if v
H ;kH
qdik &f m trsK;d orD;xk tpnf;ta0;
udk &efukefjrdKU *sLAvDa[mwGif
usi;f yjyD; jrefrmEdik if q
H ikd &f m rsuf
ESmpHn
k D aqG;aEG;yGo
J Ykd jrefrmtrsKd;
trD;ud,
k pf m;vS,w
f pfOf ;D udyk g a&G;
cs,af pvTwo
f ifah Mumif; jrefrm
Edik if H 'kw,
d bk&k ifcx
H H wifjy
awmif;qdk&ef qHk;jzwfonf/
wuov
dk Mf unfrm jrefrmtrsKd;orD;
avmu pm 34
28 Mo*kwf 1931 w&m;olMuD;

rpwmuefvpf (Mr. J.R.E Cunliffe)
rpwm'g0k'f (Mr. A.J. Darwood) ESifh
OD;bOD; (aemifjrefrmEdkifiHorw
a'gufwmbOD;) wdYk yg0ifonfh
w&m;H;k u q&mpHtm; tdE,
d &m
Zowfy'k rf 121 t& jypfru
I sL;
vGeo
f nf[k qdu
k m ao'Pft
rdefYcsrSwfvdkufonf/
190-5
pufwifb mv
29 pufwifb m 1931 [ku
d u
f w
k f
vTwfawmfu q&mpHtrIESifhywf
ouf atmuf;Hk pD&ifcsuu
f dk
twnfjyKonf/
trSwf 9? 1931? Ek0d ifbm? pm 174
atmufwb
kd mv
11 atmufwdkb m 1931 a&Tw*d Hk
apwDawmf awmifbuf ajc&if;
pwk'DomZ&yfwGif trsKd;orD;xk
tpnf;ta0;usi;f yjyD; jrefrmEkid if H
qkdif&m rsufESmpkHnDaqG;aEG;yGJokdY
1/ rif;MuD;uawmf a':jrar
2/ a&eHacsmif; a':aom
3/ a':jrpdef
wkYdudk zdwaf c:zkYd awmif;
qkdonf/
a':trm a&T;dk buav;(y) pm 163
22 atmufwdkb m 1931 q&mpH

twGuf bdvyfy&DADaumifpDokdY
t,lcH 0if&ef a'gufwmbarmf
trSL;jyKonft
h zGUJ ukd zGUJ pnf;onf/
137
ausmfNidrf;
trSwf 10? 1931? 'DZifbm? pm 105
29 atmufwdkb m 1931 w&m;

vTwaf wmfcsKyrf S q&mpHtay: cs
rSwx
f m;onfh ao'Pfukd twnf
jyKonf/
trSwf 9? 1931?Ek0d ifbm? pm 174
Ed0k ifb mv
13 Edk0ifb m 1931 &efuek -f
rEav; um;vrf;rMuD; azmuf
vkyjf yD;pD;onf/ (if;vrf;rMuD;ukd
5ESpf wkid w
f idk f azmufvyk cf &hJ onf)
trSwf 10? 1931?'DZifbm? pm 107
Saw Shwe Thaike
3/ q&ma&Tb(Sra Shwe Ba, T.P.S)

u&iftrsK;d om;
4/ rpwmuif;yufeuf (Mr. Charles
Haswell Campagnac, M.B.E)
5/ rpwmaum0yf(pf)*sD
(Mr. N.A Cowasjee)
6/ OD;armifarmiftkef;cdkif
(21 OD; *spD b
D aD t)
7/ qmatmf'*D vefAD(Sir Oscar De
Glanville, C.I.E, O.B. E)
8/ OD;xGe;f atmifausmf
(OD;pd;k odr;f *spD b
D aD t)
9/ OD;armifMuD;
(21 OD; *spD b
D aD t)
10/ rpwm[m*sD(Mr Sarabhai Nemc
hand Haji)
27 Ed0k ifb m 1931 jrefrmEkid if v

H ;kH
qdik &f m 'kw,
d rsuEf mS pHn
k D tpnf;
ta0;udk vef'efjrdKU txufvw
T f
awmf bk&ifh0wfvJawmfcef;wGif
usif;yonf/ xdktpnf;ta0;odkY
wufa&mufonfhf jrefrmudk,fpm;
vS,frsm;rSm
1/oDaygapmffbGm;apmtHkMum
(The Saw Bwa of Hsipaw)
Saw On Kya
2/ anmifa&TapmfbGm;p0fa&Todkuf
(The SawBwa of YaungHwe)
138
11/ rpwm[myg;
(Mr Kenneth
Brand Harper)
12/ OD;cspfvidI f
(OD;cspv
f idI *f spD b
D aD t)
13/ rpwm[d0k q
D ef (Mr. Robert
Black Howison)
14/a'gufwmodef;armif (aygif;
wnf) aemif *syefEikd if q
H ikd &f m
jrefrmoHtrwfMuD; (21 OD; *spD b
D D
at)
ukv
JG rkid ;f
15/ OD;om,m0wD armifarmif

(OD;pd;k odr;f *spD b
D aD t)
16/ rpwmqpf'eDvel D(Mr.Sydney
Loo Nee) u&iftrsKd;om;
17/ OD;eD (woD;yk*v
)
18/ a':jrpdef (trsKd;orD;tzGYJ )
19/ OD;bab (21 OD; *spD b
D aD t)
20/ om,m0wDO;D yk
(OD;cspv
f idI f *spD b
D aD t)
21/ rpwm[du
k if;pdef ac:
OD;usio
f ed ;f
(Mr. Hoe Kim Seing)
22/ OD;bpD (21 OD; *spD b

D aD t)
23/ OD;pk (OD;pk *spD b
D aD t)
24/ OD;atmifoif; (K.S .M)
wkdYjzpfonf/
trSwf 9? 1931? Ek0d ifbm
B.R.T.C P 7/138
okyPu*VKe&mZmbGYJcH awmif
olv,form; ta&;awmfyakH cgif;
aqmif q&mpHtm; om,m0wD
axmifwiG f MuKd ;ay; owfjzwf
onf/
trSwf 11? 1932? Zefe0g&D? pm 133
'DZifb mv
12 'DZifb m 1931 &efuek NfrKdU jrL

eDpyD g,faumfyadk &;&Si;f wGif a'guf
wm rapmp onf aumfrwD0if
tjzpf a&G;aumufwifajrmuf cH&
onft
h wGuf jrefrmEkid if w
H iG f trsK;d
orD;xJrS yxrqk;H jrLeDpyD ,fvl
MuD;jzpfvmonf/
trSwf 11? 1932? Zefe0g&D? pm 134
31 'DZifb m 1931 w&m;0efMuD;

OD;bonf jynfxJa&;0efMuD;csKyf
G o
f nf/
trSwf 12? 1932? azaz:0g&D? pm 114
1931 OD;pk *spD b

D aD t\ Edik if v
H ;kH
qdik &f m 18 Mudraf jrmuf nDvmcH
udk rEav;jrdKUwGif usi;f yonf/
pm 145
ZefE0g&Dv
12 ZefE0g&D 1932 wGif jrefrm
jynf rsufESmpHknD tpnf;ta0;
usi;f y jyD;pD;onf/ tpnf;ta0;
tjyD;wGif jAdwo
d Q0efMuD;csKyf ru
a':e,fu
jrefrmEkid if o
H nf
tdE,
d ESihf cGv
J o
dk nf okYw
d nf;r[kwf
wGv
J o
dk nf qko
d nfudk rJqEjzifh
139
ausmfNidrf;
qk;H jzwf&ef a&G;aumufyJG usi;f y

rnf[k ajymonf/
1/R.A.B 1932-33 P XXI
2/B.R.T.C Vol I P 173
('k) pm 394
azaz:0g&Dv
9
3
2
140

rsuEf mS pkn
H D tpnf;ta0; wuf
a&mufco
hJ nfh bdvyfomG ; jrefrm
ukd,fpm;vS,frsm; csufIdif;,m;
oabFmjzifh jrefrmEkid if H jyefvnf
a&muf&Sdonf/
ol&,
d r*Zif; aomVowG(J 16)? trSwf
-2? 1932? rwf? pm 108
azaz:0g&D 1932 jrefrmEdik if t

H m;
tdE,
d Edik if EH iS hf cGaJ &;wGaJ &;udpa y:
aygufvmaomtcg tdEd,EdkifiH
ESiw
hf aJG &;udv
k v
kd m;olrsm;u rcGcJ mG
a&; toif;wpfck zGYJ pnf;onf/
xdktoif;wGif
1/ a'gufwmb[ef
2/ 0wfvHk a'gufwm barmf
3/ 0wfvHk OD;ausmjf rifh
4/ OD;ausm'f if
5/ &rf;NAJ OD;armifarmif
ukv
JG rkid ;f
6/ 'D;'kwOf ;D bcsKd
7/ OD;bckid w
f Ydk yg0ifonf/ xkYd
tzGUJ ukd twkad umuftm;jzifh (armf
jrifjh AJ) ygwD[k ac:Muonf/
pm 394
OD;cspv
f idI f *spD b
D aD tu wGaJ &;
bufrS axmufc
H wGaJ &;bufrS
a[majymvIHUaqmf&ef if;tzGJUokdY
0wfvHk OD;ay:xGe;f ESihf OD;jrwfom
'Ge;f (&efuek jf rdKU vrf;rawmf yGpJ m;
MuD;) wkYd 0ifa&mufaqmif&u
G f
onf/ OD;cspv
f idI f *spD b
D aD trSm em
rnf&if;aysmufjyD; vIdifjrwfay:
tzGUJ [k ac:a0:Muonf/

pm 394
24 azaz:0g&D 1932 &efuek w

f u
odv
k o
f r*toif;wdu
k f cGaJ &;wGJ
a&;tajctwif pum;ajymyGJ usi;f
yonf/ cGaJ &;bufrS OD;babESihf
0wfvOkH ;D bpD? wGaJ &;buf rSa'guf
wmb[efESifh a'gufwmbarmf
wdYk nDtpfukd a[majymMuonf/
xGef;oef; jrefrmjynfEidk if aH &; pm 202
{jyDv
9-10 {jyD 1932 a&OD;q&mawmf
Mo0g'cH OD;pk*spD b
D aD t\ Edik if H
vH;k qdik &f m 19 Mudraf jrmuf uGef
z&ifu
h kd &rnf;oif;cdik ?f v,fa0;
jrdKYwiG f usif;yonf/
pm 405
arv
3 ar 1932 [dEL -jrefrm du
k yf JG
jzpfyGm;onf/
ZGefv
27 ZGef 1932 xdik ;f bk&if owr
ajrmuf &mr (Rama VII ) ESih f orD;
awmfjrefrmEdkifiHvma&mufonf/
28 ZGef 1932 &efuek w

f uov
kd f
qD;edwftzGJYu 1931-32 ckESpf
twGuf a0vrif;om;qk 1000dûdk ]]oD&"d rmaomu
rif;MuD;
ausmufpm}} rsm;udk jrefrm jyefqkd
onfh t&Sit
f m'dp0 o
H udk csD;jrihf
onf/
141
ausmfNidrf;
Zlvdkif
2 Zlvdkif 1932 &efuek jf rdKU *sLAvD
a[mHw
k iG f wGaJ &; jynfv;kH uRwf
txl; uGefz&ifh usif;yonf/
oHCmawmfrsm;ESiw
hf uG OD;cspv
f idI f
*sDpb
D aD t? OD;pd;k odr;f *sDpb
D aD tESihf
a'gufwmbarmf\ rcGcJ mG a&;tzGYJ
wdYk wufa&mufMuonf/ uGezf &ifh
wGiq
f ;kH jzwfcsuf ig;&yfukd csrw
S f
onf/ if;wkYdrmS 1/ 1932 ckEpS ?f Zefe0g&Dv 12
&ufaeYwiG f jAdwo
d Q0efMuD;csKyf &m
xm;aom tkycf sKyfenf;ukd tajccH
xm; jrefrmjynftm; tdE,
d jynf
rS cGx
J w
k jfcif;ukd
uefYuu
G f
aMumif;/
2/ tdE,
d jynfEiS hf jrefrmjynfudk
cRif;csufr&dS tNrJ wGaJ e&rnfqdk
jcif;ukdvnf; uefYuGufaMumif;/
3/ vk;H 0vGwv
f yfciG u
hf dk r&ao;
orQ umvywfvkH; jrefrmjynf
tm; tdE,
d jynfrS cGcJ mG rnfph rD cH suf
ukd
qufvuf
uefYuu
G f
aMumif;/
4/ vk;H 0 vGwv
f yfaom tcGihf
ta&;rsm;ukd
ray;tyfcahJ omf
142
tjcm;tdE,
d jynfe,frsm;ESihf rwl
bJ txl;pnf;urf;csurf sm; xm;
jyD;vQif tdE,
d vufatmufrS tvkd
&daS omtcg cGx
J u
G Ef idk &f ef tcGihf
ta&;ESiw
hf uG
jrefrmEkid if u
H dk
tdE,
d jynfaxmifpo
k Ydk xnfo
h iG ;f
&rnf/
5/ jrefrmjynftwGuf jrefrmvlrsK;d
rsm;u vufcEH idk af om tkycf sKyaf &;
ukd ay;&rnf/
pm 396-7
Ed0k ifb mv
9 Ed0k ifb m 1932 jrefrmEdik if w
H iG f
'dkiftmcDtkyfcsKyfa&;t& pwkw
tMudrf Oya'jyK vTwaf wmftrwf
a&G;aumufyJG usif;yonf/ a&G;
aumufyw
JG iG f tdE,
d Edik if EH iS chf aJG &;?
wGJa&; &nf&G,fcsufudky"gexm;
trwftoD;oD; rJq,
G f ,SOf
jydKifMujcif;tm;jzifh cGJa&;wGJa&;
a&G;aumufyGJozG,f jzpfcJhonf/
pm 400
xGef;oef; jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; pm
207-8
ukv
JG rkid ;f
a&G;aumufyw
871019 OD;
qErJ ay;Ekid o
f nfh rJ
267 OD;
39 %
a&G;aumufyw
JG iG f
wGaJ &; trwf

45 OD;? cGaJ &;trwf 35 OD; ta&G;
cH&onf/
ol&,
-11? 1932? 'DZifbm? pm 111
a&G;aumufyw
JG iG f ygwDtvku
d f
a&G;aumufcH&onfh trwfOD;a&
rSm a'gufwmbarmf\
ygwD
25 OD;
OD;cspfvidI f *sDpb
D aD t 20 OD;
OD;bab\
jynfojl ynfom;ygwD 20
OD;cefY jzpfjyD; qma*satarmifMuD;
\ a&TawmifMum;ygwD rI r vS
IH;edrfhonf/
ol&d,owif;pm 17-1-33^23-233
16 Edk0ifb m 1932 jrefrmjynf

Oya'jyKaumifpDwGif a':ESif;jr
(armfvjrdKif) onf jrefrmtrsKd;
orD;rsm;xJrS yxrqk;H rif;wkid yf if
trwftjzpf ta&G;cH&onf/
ol&,
-11? 1932? 'DZifbm? pm 111
'DZifb mv
12 'DZifb m 1932 jrefrmEdik if H
Oya'jyKvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0;
usif;yonf/xdktpnf;ta0;wGif
wGaJ &;cGaJ &;ESihf pyfvQO;f cGaJ &;
tqkw
d pfcEk iS hf cRi;f csuEf iS hf wGaJ &;
tqkid g;ck wifoiG ;f onf/ cGaJ &;
tqdkwpf&yfrSm ,leDAmpDwDtrwf
OD;xGe;f az wifoiG ;f onfh ]jrefrm
jynfukd tdE,
d jynfrS tjrefccJG mG
ay;&ef vdv
k m;Mu jAwdoQ tpd;k
&pDraH y;aom tkycf sKyaf &;udk vuf
cHvo
kd nf}}[l jzpfonf/
wGaJ &;tqkd 5 &yfteuf
tqkw
d pf&yfrmS wGaJ &;trwf &rf;
jAJ OD;armifarmif wifoiG ;f onfh
tdE,
d jynfrS jrefrmjynfukd cGcJ mG &ef
143
ausmfNidrf;
pDrjH cif;udk vTwaf wmfu uefY

uGuo
f nf/ xdYk tjyif tdE,
d ESihf
tjrJ wGzJ ufxm;jcif;udv
k nf;
vTwaf wmfu tvdrk &S?d jrefrmjynf
onf cGx
J u
G v
f akd omtcg cGx
J u
G f
cGi&hf &dS rnf [l jzpfonf/
vTwaf wmf Ou| OD;cspf
vdiI u
f cGaJ &;tqku
d dk vufcjH yD; wGJ
a&;tqkd ig;&yfukd vufrcHbJ
xm;onf/
wGaJ &; trwfrsm; acgif;
aqmif a'gufwmbarmfEiS hf tjcm;
wGaJ &;trwfrsm;u &rf;NAJO;D armif
armif\ tqko
d nf *sLAvDa[m
qk;H jzwfcsut
f & jzpfonfq
dk OD;
cspv
f idI Ef iS hf t,ltq uGjJ ym;Mu
onf/
a':trm a&T;dk b uav; (y) pm 171
pm 401-2

wGif qma*satarmifMuD;u vTwf
awmfOu| OD;cspv
f idI t
f m; t,kH
tMunfr&dS tqku
d kd wifoiG ;f
onf/
144
14 'DZifb m 1932 jrefrmEkid if H Oy

a'jyK vTwaf wmf tpnf;ta0;wGif
vTwfawmfOu| OD;cspfvIdiftm;
t,kt
H Munfr&dS tqku
d kd rJc&JG m
axmufcrH J 70? uefYuu
G rf J 25
jzifh tqkt
d Ekid &f jyD; OD;cspv
f idI f
vTwaf wmf Ou| tjzpfrS jyKwu
f s
onf/

usif;yonf/xdktpnf;ta0;wGif
xYk d a emuf vT w f a wmf r S &rf ;
NAJOD;armifarmif\ tqkdjzpfonfh
1932 Zefe0g&Dv 12 &ufaeY rsuf
ESmpkHnDtpnf;ta0;wGif jAdwdoQ
tpk;d & &mxm;aom pepfudk tajc
cHxm; tdE,
d jynfrS jrefrmEkid if H
ukd cGcJ mG &ef pDrjH cif;ukd uefYuu
G f
aMumif;? xkdjyif tdEd,jynfESifh
tNrJ wGzJ ufxm;jcif;ukd vnf;
tvkdr&dSaMumif;? cGJxGufvkdaom
tcg cGx
J u
G cf iG hf &d&S rnf[o
l nfudk
oabmwl qk;H jzwfonf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f

bk&ifcq
H mcsm;vf(pf) tvufZEm;
tif;epf &mxl; pGeYfvw
T o
f nf/
R.A.B 1932-33 P 6
23 'DZifb m 1932 qm[l;*sf vif;
pa'gif;pwDzifqif (Sir Hugh Lansd
own Stephenson) onfusrf;opm
usdrfqkdjyD; jrefrmEdkifiHb k &ifcH &m
xl;ukd vufcHaqmif&Gufonf/
R.A.B 1932-33 P 3
The Burma Gazette Extra
ordinary 23 Dec 1932,
1
9
ZE0g&Dv
14 ZE0g&D 1933 jrefrmEdik if w
H iG f
av;Mudraf jrmuf 'dik t
f mcD (yl;wGJ
wm0efct
H yk cf sKyfa&;) tpd;k &zGYJpnf;
&m tpdk;&tzGJY0ifrsm;rSm
1/ rpwmul;yg;
(Mr. T Couper, C. S. I , I .C. S)
3
3
b@ma&;0efMuD;csKyf
2/ qmarmifb
145
ausmfNidrf;
3/ qma*satarmifMuD;
4/ 0wfvHkOD;ausmf'if
ynma&;0efMuD;csKyf
wdkYjzpfMuonf/
1/R.A.B 1932-33 P 3
2/ ppfuidk ;f [efwif jrefrmvGwfvyf
a&;okdY(1) &efukef/ pdef&wemykHESdyf/
[efwif jrefrmvGwv
f yf a&;okYd (1) [k
Tef;rnf/
19 ZE0g&D 1933 wdYk Armtpnf;

tH;k rS wdYkArmowif;pOf rSww
f rf;
xkwfa0onf/
30 ZE0g&D 1933 OD;bwl

(touf 81)wlomoif; *kP
d ;f 0if
onf bk&ifct
H rd af wmf tpnf;ta0;
wGif kww
f &ufavjzwfvu
J sum
bk&ifcH\ tdyf,mukwifay:wGif
wifxm;pOf uG,v
f eG o
f nf/
a':trm a&Tkd;b uav;(y) pm 64
azaz:0g&D
2 azaz:0g&D 1933 AdkvfcsKyfrSL;
146
MuD; oef;a&Tukd ausmufqnfjf rdKU

wGif OD;av;jrifh a':pdr;f &if rdb
pwkwt
Murd f jynfoYlvw
T af wmfu,
dk pf m;
vS,rf sm;\ uk,
d af &;rSww
f rf; tusO;f
csKyf 1985
jr0if; wyf r awmf a cgif ; aqmif r sm;
orkid ;f tusO;f (1941 ckEpS rf S 1990 jynfh
ES p f t xd ) 'kwd,tMudrf? &efukef?
owif;ESiphf me,fZif;ykEH ydS ?f 1991? pm
103
rwfv
22 rwf 1933 jAdwo
d Qtpd;k &
tdEd,twGif;0efu jrefrmjynf
Oa'jyKtzGYJ \ qH;k jzwfcsuo
f nf
rjywfom; r&Si;f vif;bJ&adS eonf
xdYkaMumifh jrefrmjynfonf tdE,
d
ESichf rJG nfavm? wGrJ nfavmqdo
k nfh
tcsuEf pS cf rk S wpfcu
k q
kd ;kH jzwfay;
yg[k awmif;qdo
k nf/
pm 412
23-4 rwf 1933 csif;trsdK;om;

xk tpnf;ta0;wpf&yfukd uef
yufvufe,f (,ckrif;wyfe,f)
aESmacsmif;wdkuf? roHk;El;&GmwGif
usi;f y csi;f trsK;d om;rsm; nD
nGwfa&;tzGJY (c.r.n.z) udkzGJY
ukv
JG rkid ;f
pnf;onf/ &nf&,
G cf surf mS ud,
k hf
Murmud,
k zf efw;D a&;? jrefrmwdik ;f
&if;om;tm;vH;k ESihf vufw
JG jAd
wdoQe,fcsJYpepfudk wdkufzsufa&;
jzpfonf/ tvkyftrIaqmiftzGJY
0ifrsm;tjzpf
Ou|
OD;0rf;ol;armif
'k- Ou|
OD;d;k vde;f
twGif;a&;rSL; OD;uD;azvde;f
(ocifatmifrif;)
wGzJ uftwGi;f a&;rSL; OD;qmavmifteG ef ed f
(ocifatmifneG Y)f
ESifh trIaqmiftzGJY0if&Spf
OD;udak &G; aumufwifajrmufonf/
rif;wyfbel rd ;f csif;awmiforkdif; pm
102-3
{jyDv
4-5 {jyD 1933 OD;pd;k odr;f *spD b
D D
at\ Edik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m 18 Mudrf
ajrmufEpS yf wfvnfnv
D mcHukd ppf
udkif;jrdKUe,f aumif;rSKawmfbk&m;
teD;wGif usi;f yonf/ nDvmcHoYkd
'kdiftmcDaumifpD0if a'gufwm
barmfwufa&muf Oya'jyKtzGYJ
wGif aqmif&u
G yf rkH sm; ajymMum;
onfu
h pd E iS hf pyfvsO;f Ou|OD;pd;k
odr;f onf rausreyfjzpfum a&SU
qufvuf pnf;a0;vQif oydwf

arSmuf toif;csKyfMuD;\ pnf;
urf;csu?f &nf&,
G cf suf ysuf
pD;rnf[k xifjrifonft
h jyif qlyl
rIjzpfrnfp;kd &dr
f (5-4-33) eHeuf
9 em&D tcsed rf pS tpnf;ta0;
kwo
f rd ;f aMumif; aMunmjy;D nDvmcHrS
xGufcGmoGm;onf/
ol&d,owif;pm 6-4-1933^7-41933^8-4-1933^10-4-1933
pm 406-9
[efwif jrefrmvGwfvyfa&;okdY-1 pm
187-8
{jyD 1933 A[d*k sDpb

D aD tOu|
OD;pku toif;csKyOf u|\ wm0ef
0w&m;rsm;udk raqmif&u
G Ef ikd af wmh
ojzifh Ou|&mxl;rS EIwx
f u
G v
f dk
aMumif; A[do
k C
H mtzGYJ csKyfMuD;\
tusKd ;awmfaqmifcsKyf rd;k wm;q&m
awmf OD;ynmomrdxH cGiahf wmif;
pm ay;ykYdonf/
25 {Ny-D 6 ar 1933 jrefrmEdik if H

Oya'jyKvTwfawmf txl;tpnf;
ta0;usif;yonf/ tpnf;ta0;
147
ausmfNidrf;
wGif cRi;f csurf &dS cGaJ &; wGaJ &;ESpcf k

rS wpfcu
k dk a&G;cs,&f rnf qkv
d Qif
wGaJ &;uko
d m
a&G;cs,o
f nf[k
,wdjywf ajzqkad Mumif; [laom
tqku
d kd wifoiG ;f onf/ xkt
d qkd
ESihf pyfvsO;f vGwaf wmf cGaJ &;
wGaJ &; acgif;aqmifrsm;u tajc
twif pum;ukd &Snv
f sm;pGm ajym
qkad eMu&m arv 6&ufwidk af tmif
tdE,
d Edik if EH iS hf jrefrmjynf cGaJ &;wGJ
a&;ESifhywfouf wpfpHkwpf&m
qH;k jzwfcsuf rcsrSwEf ikd b
f J vTwf
awmf tpnf;ta0; tcsdefaph
kwfodrf;vdkuf&onf/
1/ Scheme of Constitutional
Reform in Burma if Separated
from India, Yangon, Govt Printing
, 1933, P 4
2/ol&d,owif;pm 10-5-1933
('k) pm 402-3
arv
1 ar 1933 ausmufqnfNrdKU
a&em;ausmif; ykvdyfig;qlq&m
awmfudk obmywd wifajrmuf
A[kt
d rIaqmiftpnf;ta0;usi;f y
onf/ tpnf;ta0;wGif A[kd
oHC tzGJUcsKyfMuD;\ Mo0g'cH
A[k*d spD b
D aD tMuD; vpfvyfvsuf
&daS om orw? Ou|&mxl;ukd OD;
xGef;atmifausmftm; cefYxm;
onf/
15 ar 1933 jrefrmjynf rD;&xm;

twdkifyifcHtzGJY tpnf;ta0;u
ppfuikd ;f teD; {&m0wDjrpfukd jzwf
ausm
f aqmufvyk q
f J wHwm;MuD;
tm;tif;0wHwm;[k trnfay;&ef
oabmwl qH;k jzwfonf/ tif;0
cHwyfMuD;tm; tpGjJ yK tif;0wH
wm;[k ac:wGijf cif; jzpfonf/
29 {jyD 1933 oufyef;q&mawmf

MuD;rSL;aom jrefrmjynf oHCtzGUJ
csKyMf uD;u a'gufwmbarmf\ wGJ
a&;tzGUJ tm;
todtrSwjf yK
Mo0g'ay;jcif;rS &yfpJonf/
ol&d,r*Zif; wG(J 17)? trSwf -4?

1933? ZGe?f pm 65
jrefrmhtvif;owif;pm 25-7-33
ol&d,r*Zif; 1933? ZGef pm 63
25-27 ar 1933 OD;xGe;f atmif

ausmf(Ou|) oydwaf rSmuf*sD pDbD
148
ZGefv
ukv
JG rkid ;f
at\ Edik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m 20 Mudrf
ajrmuf nDvmcHukd ausmufqnf
jrdKUwGif usif;yonf/
189
Mo*kwfv
1 Mo*kwf 1933 awmifiNl rdKU?
atmufwef;a&SUae? om,m0wD
OD;yk (,cifvidI yf ak usmf *spD b
D aD t)
tpkd;&a&SUaetjzpf cefYtyf cH&
onf/
25 Mo*kwf 1933 oufyef;q&m

awmfEf iS hf tusKd;aqmifO;D ode;f ZHwYkd
u a'gufwmbarmfonf rcGcJ mG
a&; *dP
k af ygif;pHk *sLAvDa[m jy
Xmef;csufrsm;ESifh oufyef;*sDpDbD
at\qHk;jzwfcsufESifh pnf;urf;
rsm;udk azmufzsuf usL;ausmjf cif;
twGuf a'gufwmbarmfEiS hf if;
\trwftzGJYudk oufyef;*sDpDbD
atrSpeG Yfvw
T zf ,f&mS ;aMumif; aMu
nmonf/
26 Mo*kwf 1933 qmbd;k om

(jAdwo
d Qtpd;k &u cs;D jrio
hf nfq
h m
bGUJ udk jrefrmvlrsK;d xJrS wwd,
ajrmuf&&do
S ^l touf 76 ESp)f wl
omoif; *kP
d ;f 0if uG,v
f eG o
f nf/
pufwifb mv
pufwifb m 1933 oufyef; *spD D
bDatrSz,f&mS ;cH&onfh a'gufwm
barmftzGJUonf
AEKvOD;pdeu
f dk
orw?Ou|
rif;&GmOD;bk;d qifudk aiGxrd ;f
OD;bckdifukd
twGif;a&;rSL;
wifajrmufonf/
atmufwb
kd mv
10-11 atmufwb
kd m 1933 AEK
v OD;pdef *spD b
D aD t jynfv;kH uRwf
txl;nDvmcHudk rEav;NrdKU '*Fg;
kw
H iG f usif;yonf/
pm 408
12 atmufwdkb m 1933 a&OD;

149
ausmfNidrf;
q&mawmfMuD;rSL;onfh A[k*d sDpb

D D
atwGif orw? Ou|opftjzpf
armifarmifbtm;
wifajrmuf
onf/
aEG;&ef jrefrmudk,fpm;vS,ftzGJY
t*FvefEdkifiHodkY xGufcGmonf/
191
ynma&;0efMuD; OD;ausmf'if\
EIwx
f u
G pf mukd vufco
H nf/
13 atmufwb
kd m 1933 oufyef;
*spD b
D aD twGif Ou| vkyrf nfo
h l
r&d
S vTwaf wmftrwfjzpfol rk;d
ukwfOD;cspfaztm; Ou|cefYtyf
onf/
1/ ol&d,owif;pm 13-10-33
('k) pm 416-7
16 atmufwb
kd m 1933 [oFmw
ajrmufyikd ;f Mum; a&G;aumufyw
JG iG f
jynfojl ynfom; ygwDtzGUJ 0if OD;
apm(aemif*VKeOf ;D apm) a&G;aumuf
wifajrmufcH&onf/
1/ ol&d,owif;pm 17-10-33
Ed0k ifb mv
8 Ed0k ifb m 1933 jAdwo
d QygvDref
txufatmufvw
T af wmf wGzJ uf
aumfrwDwGif jrefrmEdkifiHtkyfcsKyf
a&;jyKjyifajymif;vJrIwdkYudk aqG;
150
11 Ed0k ifb m 1933 oufyef;q&m

awmf Mo0g'cH oHCmhtxl;uGezf
&ifhESifh vltoif;csKyftxl;uGefz
&ifu
h dk &wemyk'H *Fg;kw
H iG f usif;y
onf/
ol&d,owif;pm 20-11-33^2311-33

d QygvDref
txufatmufvw
T af wmf wGzJ uf
aumfrwDESifh jrefrmudk,fpm;vS,f
rsm; aqG;aEG;yGpJ wifonf/ jrefrm
udk,fpm;vS,ftzGJY0ifrsm;rSm
1/ OD;bab
2/ 0wfvHkawmf&OD;odrf;armif
3/ OD;cspv
f idI f
4/ a'gufwmbarmf
5/ tdE,
d vlrsK;d trwf x&yf*sD
6/ a'gufwma':apmp
ukv
JG rkid ;f
7/ q&ma&Tb
8/ rpwmuif;yufeuf
9/ rpwm[m*sD
10/ rpwmaum0yf(pf)*sD
11/ rpwm[myg;
12/ OD;a&Tom; wdYkjzpfonf/
('k) pm 414
2/ bckdif jrefrmjynfEidk if aH &; pm 226
'DZifb mv
16 'DZifb m 1933 uaemifrif;

om;ESihf tjidro
hf r rcifazghwYko
d m;
awmf vif;yifrif;om; xdyw
f if
vwf uG,v
f eG o
f nf/
ZE0g&Dv
2 ZE0g&D 1934 {&m0wDjrpfu;l
tif;0wHwm; (ppfuikd ;f wHwm;)udk
jrefrmEdkifiHbk&ifcH qm[l;*sfvif;
pa'gif;pwDzifqefu tcrf;tem;
jzifh zGifhvSpfay;onf/
R.A.B 1933-34 P 87
azazmf0g&Dv
20 azazmf0g&D 1934 OD;babESihf
a'gufwmbarmfwYdk u tpk;d &tzGUJ
0if 0efMuD;csKyf qma*satarmif
151
ausmfNidrf;
MuD;ESihf OD;ausm'f ifwYdkudk t,kH

tMunfr&dS tqkw
d ifoiG ;f &m 'kdif
tmcD tkycf sKyfa&;acwfwiG f tpk;d &
tzGUJ 0if 0efMuD;rsm;tm; yxrqk;H
tMudrf t,kt
H Munfr&dS tqkw
d if
oGif;jcif; jzpfonf/
B.L.C.P Vol 27 No 5 20-2-34 P
167
9 {jyD 1934 jrefrmEdik if H yl;wGJ

wm0efcH tpd;k &tzGYJ wiG f OD;bab
(opfawma&;0efMuD;csKy)f
ESihf
a'gufwmbarmf (ynma&;0efMuD;
csKyf) wdYkyg 0ifvmonf/
R.A.B 1934-35 P 1
15 {jyD 1934 udv
k ekd aD cwfO;D jAw
d d
oQe,fcsYJukd awmfveS cf o
hJ nfh jrif;
acgif;Adkvf&mnGefY 0Javmif&GmwGif
uG,fvGefonf/
22 azazmf0g&D - 1 rwf 1934

uarmZya'o &mZmtoif;\
12 Mudraf jrmuftpnf;f ta0; usi;f
yonf/
R.A.B 1933-34 P 8
at;oefY ukdvkdeDacwfOD;tmZmenfrsm;
pm 85
rwfv
arv
6 rwf 1934 jrefrmEdkifiH

bk&ifcq
H m[l;*sv
f if;pa'gif;pwDzif
qefEiS Zhf eD;&Sr;f jynfe,ftMuD;tuJ
rsm;ESihf awGYqo
kH nfh 'gbmyGJ usi;f
yonf/
R.A.B 1933-34 P 8
10 ar 1934 ompnfajrpdq
k &m
awmfMo0g'cH AEKvOD;pdef MuD;rSL;
onf*h sDpb
D aD t\ Edik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m
19 Murd af jrmuf nDvmcHukd rH&k mG jrKd U
wpfzufurf;&Sd anmifyifMuD;qdyf
wGif usif;yonf/ nDvmcHwGif
toif;csKyf trIaqmifrsm;tjzpf
Ou| AEKvOD;pde?f twGi;f a&;rSL;
OD;apmvGifwkdYtm; a&G;cs,fwif
ajrmufonf/ (aemifwGif om
pnfajrpd;k q&mawmfysv
H eG af omtcg
{jyDv
1 {jyD 1934 &efuek jf rdKUawmfcef;
rudk pwifaqmufvyk o
f nf/
uarmZjrifv
f rf; pm
231
152
ukv
JG rkid ;f
[Hom0wDr*FvGef;q&mawmf\
Mo0g'udk qufvufc,
H o
l nft
h
wGuf r*FveG ;f *spD b
D aD t[k trnf
wGifonf/)
('k) pm 417-437
2/ jrefrmtoif;csKyfMuD;\ rk&H mG uGef
z&ifrh w
S w
f rf; 19 Mudraf jrmuf (ykEH ydS rf )l
ar 1934
1
9
pufwifb mv
29 pufwifb m 1934 csi;f trsKd ;
om;nDnGwfa&;tzGJU\ yxrqHk;
nDvmcHukd a,macsmif;wdu
k f 0&J
&GmwGif usif;yonf/
rif;wyfbel rd ;f csif;awmiforkdif; pm
106-7
'DZifb mv
12 'DZifb m 1934 jAdwo

d QygvDref
txufatmuf wGzJ ufaumfrwD
tpD&ifcpH mudk xkwjf yefonf/ xdk
tpD&ifcpH mwGif ]tdE,
d Edik if H jynf
e,frsm;twGuf uREykf w
f Ykd tMuH
ay;csuw
f ikd ;f tkycf sKyfa&;ay;vdu
k f
onfEiS hf wpfjydKifeuf jrefrmEdik if H
udv
k nf; tdE,
d Edik if EH iS hf cGv
J u
kd f
153
ausmfNidrf;
&ef uREykf w
f Ykd tMuaH y;vdu
k yf g
onf} [kyg&So
d nf/
xifMu;D owif;pmtnTGef;(y)
185
pm
1934 awmifov
l ,form;ta&;
awmfyHkacgif;aqmiff q&mpH\pm
rlcaiG 169d^- jzifh
OD;xGe;f az
(xGef;aeYpOf)u q&mpHtxdrf;t
rSwf pmMunfw
h u
kd w
f nfaxmifziG hf
vSpfonff/
pm 386-7
tvif; pm 189
rwfv
30 rwf- 1 {jyD 1935 wdYAk rmt
pnf;tH;k \ Edik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m yxr
tMudrfnDvmcHudk a&eHacsmif;jrdKU
wGifusif;yonf/ xdknDvmcHwGif
*sDpDbDatOu| orwOD;pdk;odrf;
u obmywdtjzpf aqmif&u
G f
onf/ nDvmcHrS wdYkArmtpnf;t
Hk;XmecsKyf tvkyftrIaqmifrsm;
tjzpf
Ou|
ocifApdef
'kOu|
ocifav;armif
twGif;a&;rSL; ocifodef;armif
154
wGJzuftwGif;a&;rSL;
ocifxGef;tkyf
b@ma&;rSL; ocifxGef;cif
(aemifwGif &JabmfoHk;usdyf0if
AdkvfjrifhaqG)
jyefMum;a&;rSL; ocifnD
tzGJY0if
ocif[ef
ocifxGef;a&T
ocifAA
wdkYudk a&G;cs,fwifajrmufonf/
1/ wkdYArmtpnf;tkH;orkdif; (y)pm
175-6
f cifoed ;f armifMuD;\ b0
2/ rD;wkwo
ESifhtawGUtMuHK? &efuek ?f pmayAdrmef
ykEH ydS ?f 1987? pm 213/ aemifu;dk um;
vQif rD;wkwo
f cifoed ;f armifMu;D \ b0
ESifhtawGUtMuHK [keT ;f rnf/
0efBuD;ocifApdef ocifrsm;\vGwf
vyfa&;MudK;yrf;rI &efuek ?f wkid ;f jynfjyK?
ykEH ydS /f 1943/ pm 55 aemifu;dk um;vQif
Apdefocifrsm;\vGwfvyfa&;MudK;yrf;
rI [kTef;rnf
{jyDv
10 {jyD 1935 pmtdww
f iG f a*smh
bk&ifyyHk g wHqyd af cgif;ukd ajymif;
jyefuyfjyD; ]]acG;acgif;ajymif;jyef
uyfvu
dk o
f nf}} [k a&;om;um
pmxnfjh cif;ESihf pyfvsOf; ocif
ukv
JG rkid ;f
vSarmiftm; awmifijl rdKU 'kw,

d
ta&;ykdifkH;rS axmif'PfokH;v
'PfaiG 150 tjypfay;&m ocif
vSarmifu 'PfaiG raqmifbJ
tvkyrf &dS axmifajcmufv usccH hJ
onf/
axmifht&om/ &efuek /f *sme,fausmf
ykEH ydS /f 1938/ pm 128
22 {jyD 1935 qm[l;*sv

f if;p
a'gif; pwDzifqif cGio
hf mG ;pOf
twGi;f ul;yg; (Mr. Thomos Couper)
u acwbk&ifcHtjzpf aqmif
&Gufonf/
R.A.B 1935-36 P 5
arv
6 ar 1935 jrefrmEkid if H wpf0ef;
t*Fvefb&k if yrajrmuf a*smh
eef;pH25 ESpaf jrmuf aiG&wktxdr;f
trSwaf eY usif;yonf/
ol&d,owif;pm 6-5-35
23 ar 1935 *VKeOf ;D apm? jrefrmh

tvif;owif;pmwdkufrS OD;armif
armifcif at0rf;kyf&SifOD;nDykESifh
nDarmifarmifp;kd wdYk &efuek rf S *syef
Ekid if H xGucf mG onf/
wku
d rf od/1935/ pm 17
ZGefv
7 ZGef 1935 pwefavabmf'iG f
(Stanley Baldwin) onf t*FvefEikd if H
0efMuD;csKyf&mxl;ukd vufcHaqmif
&Gufonf/
Mo*kwfv
2 Mo*kwf 1935 jrefrmEdik if pH &D if
tkyfcsKyfrItufOya'udk xkwfjyef
onf/
Goverment of Burma Act, Yan gon , Govt printing, 1936
20 Mo*kwf 1935 qm[l;*sv
f if;
pa'gif;pwDzifqifonf cGifhav;
vcHpm;jyD;aemuf if;\ tvkyf
0w&m;rsm;udk jyefvnf xrf;aqmif
onf/
R.A.B 1935-36 P 5
pufwifb
f mv
9 pufwifb m 1935 tdE,
d tpd;k
& tufOya'jyXmef;onf/ f
Oya't& jrefrmEdik if o
H nf tdE,
d
armifapm *syefvrf;Te/f &efuek ?f ykEH ydS f
155
ausmfNidrf;
Edik if \
H jynfe,fwpfcf rk [kwaf wmh
bJ jAdwo
d Qtifyg,mtwGi;f oD;
jcm;EkdifiHwpfckjzpffvmonf/
The Burma Gazette P III A,
28 Sept 1935,PP 93-250
1
atmufwb
dk mv
23 atmufwkdb m 1935 0wfvHk
awmf& OD;oif;? (wlomoif;*kP
d ;f
0if) touf 69 uG,v
f eG o
f nf/
Ek0d ifb mv
11 Ek0d ifb m 1935 &efuek Nf rKd U *sL
AvDa[m jynfvkH;uRwftpnf;
ta0;usifyonf/ tpnf;ta0;
wGif Ou|tjzpf q&mawmf
OD;Owr aqmif&u
G o
f nf/ tpnf;
ta0;rS
1/ jrefrmjynf ysupf ;D &m ysupf ;D
aMumif;jzpfaom *dkPf;*CuGJjym;
MoZmrsm;aerIrsm;ukd vk;H 0&yfap
vsuf tiftm; tMuD;qk;H jzpfaom
jrefrmjynf vGwv
f yfa&; nDnw
G f
156
3
6
ukv
JG rkid ;f
a&;tzGUJ csKyfwpfck wnfaxmif&ef/

2/ OD;uGm0dEm "dywd? OD;an,s? OD;
0go0ESihf OD;Owr uk,
d af wmfwYdk
tm; nDnw
G af &;ukd MudK;pm;aqmif
&Gu&f eftwGuf vk;H 0wm0ef vGt
J yf
&ef/
qk;H jzwfcsuf
csrw
S cf hJ
onf/
1935? 'DZifbm? pm 98-99?
1935 omoemhrmruac: &[ef;

ysdKrsm; tzGJYcsKyfudk zGJYpnf;wnf
axmifonf/
ZE0g&D 1936 &efuek w

f uov
kd f
ausmif;om;or*rS xkwaf 0onfh
td;k a0r*Zif; twGJ 5 trSwf 1wGif
aqmif;yg;&Sif ,rrif; (td;k a0ndK
jr)a&;om;onfh ]i&JacG;MuD; vGwf
aejyD} aqmif;yg;yg&Sdonf/
tk d ; a0r* Z if ; twGJ-5? trSwf-1?
1936? Zefe0g&D? pm 56
azaz:0g&Dv
21 azaz:0g&D 1936 &efukef
wuov
kd af usmif;tkyMf uD; rpwm
'Da*spavmh (D . J .Sloss) u udEk k
tm;ausmif;xkwaf Mumif; taMumif;
Mum;pm ay;ydYk onf/
ZE0g&Dv
20 ZE0g&D 1936 t*Fvefb&k if
a*smh ]5} (George V) ewf&mG pHonf/
1936? azaz:0g&D? pm 121-2
25 azaz:0g&D 1936 &efuek f

wuodkvf 'kwd,ausmif;om;
oydwfarSmufonf/
R.A.B 1935-36 P XV
rwfv
21 ZE0g&D 1936 a0vrif;om;
onf tXrajrmuf{'Guf (Edward
VIII) bGJUcH t*FvefxD;eef;udk
qufcHonf/
3 rwf 1936 oDaygrif;ESihf pkzk

&m;vwfwdkY\ pwkworD;awmf
xdyfpkjrwfzk&m;uav; (touf
49) armfvjrdKifjrdKUwGif uG,v
f eG f
onf/
'D;'kwf*sme,f? twGJ 12? trSwf 5? 7-
157
ausmfNidrf;
3-36
tdE,
d Edik if H e,l;a'vDwiG f
a&muf&Sdaeonfh q&mawmf OD;
Owru ol&d,owif;pmwdkufrS
wqifh oydwaf rSmuf ausmif;om;
rsm; atmifjrifa&; twGuf qk
awmif; arwmpm ay;ydYkonf/
'D;'kwf*sme,f? twGJ 12? trSwf 5? 73-36
{jyDv
18 {jyD 1936 avmhvifvpfa*gif;
(Marquess of Linlithgow)onf tdE,
d
bk&ifccH sKy&f mxl;ukd vufcH aqmif
&Gufonf/
An Advanced History of
IndiaP 1043
30 {jyD -2 ar 1936 rEav;jrdKU
wGif nDnGwfa&; tpnf;ta0;
usi;f y&m Edik if aH &;tzGUJ ig;zGUJ wuf
a&mufonf/ if;tzGJYrsm;rSm
1/ jynfojl ynfom;tzGYJ
2/ OD;armifMuD;OD;pD;onfh (cGcJ mG a&;
toif;MuD;udk trnfajymif;xm;
onfh jrefrmjynfvw
G v
f yfa&;tzGYJ
(Free Burma)
158
3/ a&OD;q&mawmfMuD;rSL;onfh OD;
pk A[d*k sDpb
D aD ttzGYJ
4/ OD;bpD OD;pD;onfh oydwaf rSmuf
*sDpDbDattzGJY
5/ OD;bOD;MuD;rSL;onfh rEav;
21OD; tzGYJwYkjd zpfonf/ nDnw
G af &;
tpnf;ta0;wufa&muffMuonfh
Edik if aH &;tzGYJ ig;zGYJukd pkaygif;
]]nDnw
G af &;rlv*spD b
D aD tzGUJ csKy}f }[l
zGJYpnf;onf/EdkifiHa&;tzGJYig;zGJY
pkpnf;xm;jcif;udk taMumif;jyK
ig;yGiq
hf ikd t
f zGYJ (Five Flowers Party)
[k ac:onf/ ig;yGiq
hf ikd t
f zGYJ \
tMuD;trSL;tjzpf a&OD;q&mawmf
OD;Mobmo? Ou|tjzpfru&m
rif;om;ESifh ZeD; cifav;wdkY\
om;awmf ti,f xdyw
f if0rif;
om;tm; a&G;cs,f wifajrm uf
onf/ nDnw
G af &; tpnf;ta0;
odkY
1/ OD;cspv
f idI f *spD b
D aD t
2/ r*FveG ;f *spD b
D aD t
3/ a'gufwmbarmf\ rcGcJ mG a&;
tzGJY
4/oufyef;*sDpDbDatESif
5/qma*sat armifMuD;\ a&T
awmifMum;ygwDwYkd rwufa&muf
Muacs/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
1/R.A.B 1935-36 P XV
('k) pm 438
3/ bckdif jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; pm77^
273-4
4/ a&Tukdif;om; tES p f w pf & mjynf h
rEav; pm 300-1
5/ xifMu;D owif;pmtnTeG ;f (y) pm
241
6/ Ba Maw, Break Through in
Burma P 429
{jyD 1936 r*FveG ;f q&mawmf

Mo0g'cH AEKvOD;pdef MuD;rSL;aom
*sDpb
D aD ttzGYJ Edik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m 20
Mudrf ajrmufnv
D mcHukd rEav;jrdKU
awmifjyif r[mrkeb
d &k m;teD; 45
wm usi;f yonf/ nDvmcHwiG f
*sDpDbDattzGJYcsKyf trIaqmifrsm;
tjzpf
Ou| OD;om,m0wDarmifarmif
twGif;a&;rSL; OD;av;armif
aiGxed ;f AEKvOD;pdef wdYktm; a&G;
aumufwifajrmufonf/ nDvm
cHu 91 XmetkyfcsKyfa&; a&G;
aumufyw
JG iG f 0ifa&mufta&G;cH&ef
qHk;jzwfonf/ a'gufwmbarmf
wifjyonfq
h if;&Jom;0g'udk aqG;
aEG;twnfjyKonf/

pm 442-3
arv
6 ar 1936 jrefrmEdkifiH b k &ifcH
tjzpf wm0efxrf;aqmifrnfh qm
tmcsaD b ma'gufuvyfaumhu&de;f
(Sir Archibald Douglas Cochrane)
jrefrmEdkifiHodkY a&muf&Sdvmonf/
aps;EIef;owif;pm 7-5-36
8 ar 1936 qm tmcsaD b ma'guf

uvyfaumhu&def; onf jrefrm
Ekid if H bk&ifcH &mxl;ukd vufcH
aqmif&Gufonf/
10 ar 1936 &efukefwuodkvf
oydwfarSmufaumifpDrS oydwf
vSeo
f nft
h wGuf &efuek w
f uov
dk f
'kwd,ausmif;om;oydwf jyD;qHk;
onf/
&efukefwuokdvforkdif; (1920-95)
pm 71
13 ar 1936 ig;yGiq
hf ikd t
f zGYJOu|
rif;om;MuD; xdyw
f if0u a'guf
wmbarmfxH nDnGwfa&;tzGJUxJ
yg0if&ef zdwaf c:pm ay;ydYk onf/
159
ausmfNidrf;
pm 439-440
31 ar 1936 a'gufwmbarmfu
ig;yGifhqdkiftzGJYOu| rif;om;MuD;
xdyw
f if0xH jyefpmay;ydYkonf/ xdk
jyefpmwGif tcsuaf v;csuu
f kd nDf
nGwaf &;tzGYJu vufcyH gu if;
onfaemufvu
kd t
f jzpf xm;&mae
ap&moGm;ygrnf[k yg&Sdonf/
pm 439-441
ZGefv
15 ZGef 1936 jrefrmEdik if b
H &k ifcH
qmtmcsDabm a'gufuvyfaumh
u&def;u &efukefjrdKUawmfcrf;rudk
tcrf;tem;jzifh zGifhvSpfonf/
285
27-9 ZGef 1936 wdkYArmtpnf;
tHk;\ EdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m 'kwd,
tMudr0f ajrmuf ESpyf wfvnf nD
vmcHukd jynfjrdKUwGiu
f sif;yonf/
xdknDvmcHrS wdkYArmtpnf;tHk;
XmecsKyf tvkyfrIaqmifrsm;tjzpf
Ou|
ocifav;armif
160
'k-Ou|
twGi;f a&;rSL;
b@ma&;rSL;
jyefMum;a&;rSL;
tzGJY0if
ocifnD
ocifwifarmif
ocifxGef;cif
ocifodef;armif
ocif[ef
ocifjr
ocifAA
ocifApdef
ocifvSabmf
wdkYudk a&G;cs,fcJhonff/

rD;wkwo
f cifoed ;f armifMuD;\ b0ESihf
tawGUtMuHK pm 251
Zlvdkifv
19 Zlvdkif 1936 wdYkArmtpnf;
tH;k \ Edik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m 'kw,
d
tMudrf nDvmcHqHk;jzwfcsuft&
91 Xmetkycf sKyfa&;a&G; aumufyJG
wGif 0ifa&muf,OS jf ydKif ta&G;cH&ef
ud,
k rhf if;ud,
k cf si;f tzGYJukd zGYJpnf;
wnfaxmifcJhonf/
tvkyftrIaqmifrsm;rSm
Ou|
ocif[ef
'k-Ou|
ocifjr
aiGxdef;
ocifxGef;cif
twGif;a&;rSL; ocifuHwifh
ukv
JG rkid ;f
jyefMum;a&;rSL; ocifodef;armif
tzGJY0if
ocifApdef
wdkYjzpfMuonf/
ud k , f h r if ; ud k , f h c sif ;
tzGUJ onf wdYkArm tpnf;tH;k MuD;
\ ygvDrefqikd &f m tzGUJ wpfco
k m
jzpfonf/ tzGUJ \ wm0efrmS ygvD
reftwGi;f 0ifa&muf 91 Xme
tkycf sKyfa&;ukd wdu
k zf suf&ef jzpf
onf/ 1936 Ed0k ifbm a&G;aumuf
yGJwGif udk,fhrif;udk,fhcsif;tzGJUrS
ocif 28 OD;0ifa&muf ta&G;cH&m
ocifjr (om,m0wD) ocifvS
wif ([oFmw)ESihf ociftMhH uD;
(yckuL )wdYk trwfta&G; cH&onf/
18 Mo*kwf 1936 OD;jruopfawm

a&;0efMuD;csKyf OD;babtm; t,kH
tMunfr&dS tqkdwifoGif;onf/
tqku
d dk rJc&JG m axmufcrH J 34?
uefYuu
G rf J 42 rJ&&djS yD; tqkd ;HI edrhf
ojzifh OD;bab &mxl;wGif quf
vufwnfNrJonf/
B.L.C.P Vol 32 No.7 18-8-36
PP 335-346
1/ rD ; wk w f o cif o d e f ; armif M uD ; \
b0ESihf tawGUtMuHK pm 279
2/ 0efMuD;ocifApdef ocifrsm;\vGwf
vyfa&;MudK;yrf;rI pm 20^40
3/MunfnGefY orkdif;0ifol&d,jrefrmh
tvif; pm 252
Mo*kwfv
7 Mo*kwf 1936 &efuek jf rdKUr
trsKd;om;ausmif; trsKd;om;
wuodkvfudk zGifhvSpfonf/
bm;rm;*sme,f? trSwf 10? 8-8-36
Mo*kwf 1936 qif;&Jom;tusKd ;

aqmiftzGYJ (Fabian)udk 'D;'kwOf ;D b
csKd ? udEk k ESihf OD;bcdik w
f Ykd MuD;rSL;zJYG
pnf;onf/
atmufwb
kd m
4 atmufwb
kd m 1936 q&mawmf
OD;Owr tdE,
d Edik if rH S jrefrmEdik if H
odYk av,mOfjzifh jyefvnfa&muf
&Sdonf/
b m;rm;*sme,f? trSwf 19? 10-1036
1936 a'gufwmbarmfu qif;

&Jom;0HomEk("g;r)ygwDudk zGYJpnf;
161
ausmfNidrf;
wnfaxmifonf/
Ba Maw, Break
Burma P 56
rJay;ol OD;a& 1 352

Through in
Ed0k ifb mv
10-14 Ed0k ifb m 1936 jrefrmEdik if H
pD&iftkyfcsKyfrI tufOya' (91
XmetkyfcsKyfa&;) t& yxrqHk;
tMudrf atmufvw
T af wmftrwf
a&G;aumufyu
JG si;f yonf/(atmuf
vTwaf wmfudk trwf 132 OD;jzifzh UJG
pnf;rnfjzpfonf/) a&G;aumufyJG
wGif ig;yGifhqdkifygwDrS 46 OD;?
a'gufwm barmf\ qif;&Jom;
0HomEk("g;r) ygwDrS 16 OD;? OD;cspf
vIid *f spD b
D aD trS 12 OD;? ud,
k rhf if;
ud,
k chf sif;tzGYJ rS oH;k OD;? azbD,ef
ygwDrS wpfO;D (OD;armifjrpf)ESihf a&T
awmifMum;ygwDrS ESpOf ;D ? oufyef;
*spD b
D aD trSwpfO;D ESihf woD;yk*v
trwf 17 OD; a&G;cH&onf/

a&G;aumufyw
715246 OD;
qErJ ay;Ekid o
f nfh rJ
9200 OD;
162
003
50.8 %
1/xGef;oef; jrefrmjynfEkdifiHa&; pm
14
2/xifMuD; owif ; pmtnT G e f ; (y)
pm241
('k) pm 464
4/bckid f jrefrmjynfEidk if aH &; pm 302304
'DZifb mv
bk&ifcu
H
ynma&;0efMuD;csKyf
a'gufwmbarmftm; Ekwx
f u
G af p
jyD; 0wfvaHk wmf& OD;ode;f armiftm;
ynma&;0efMuD;csKyftjzpf cefYtyf
onf/
11 'DZifb m 1936 t*Fvefb&k if

tuf'yG f ]8} (Edward VIII) eef;pGefY
nDawmfa*smh]6} (George VI) (18
94-1952) eef;wufonf/
Longman Dictionary of 20th
Century Biography, England,
Longman, 1985, PP 198-199/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
534-5
Daily Year Book P 46
azaz:0g&Dv
18 azaz:0g&D 1937 Oya'jyK
aumifpDtpnf;ta0; ynma&;
0efMuD;csKyf 0wfvaHk wmf& OD;ode;f
armifESifh opfawma&;0efMuD;csKyf
OD;babwkdYtay: t,kHtMunf
r&dS wifoiG ;f onf/ xkt
d qku
d dk
rJc&JG m axmufcrH J 64 rJ? uefYuu
G f
rJ 51 rJjzifh tqkt
d Ekid &f onf/
1
9
3
7
163
ausmfNidrf;
Burma Legislative Council Proceedings of House of Representatives Vol I, No 6, 18-2-37, P

41/ Vol I, No 10, 26-2-37,PP 1712 :hereafter cited as B.L.P.H.R
21 azaz:0g&D 1937 ig;yGifhqdkif

tzGJYrS aqmfMool OD;b&ifu
oabmxm; aMunmcsufwpf
apmif xkwjf yef&mwGif if;wdYk tzGYJ
onf trsK;d om; tpd;k &zGYJ pnf;&ef
rjzpfEikd
f tpd;k &zGYJ pnf;a&;udpu
kd
bk&ifcHxHjyeftyf vdkufaMumif;?
if;wdYk onf wdik ;f jynftusKd;udk
qufvuf aqmif&GufoGm;rnf
jzpfaMumif; azmfjyxm;onff/
uarmZjrifv
f rf; pm
238
rwfv
2 rwf 1937 jrefrmEdik if b
H &k ifcH
qmtmcsaD bm a'gufuvyf aumh
u&de;f u a'gufwm barmftm;
awGUqkjH yD; tpk;d &tzGUJ 0if 0efMuD;
rsm;\ trnfpm&if;ukd awmif;qkd
onf/
ol&d,owif;pm 4-3-37 pm 21
164
11 rwf 1937 a'gufwmbarmf

wifjyaom tpk;d &tzGUJ 0if trnf
pm&if;ukd twnfjyKa&G;cs,o
f nf/
12 rwf 1937 jrefrmEdik if b

H &k ifcH
qmtmcsaD bm a'gufuvyf aumh
u&de;f u 1937 {jyD 1 &ufrpS
tkycf sKyf&ef 0efMuD;csKyf ]6}OD; a&G;
cs,v
f u
kd &f m if;wdYkrmS a'gufwm
barmf? OD;ay:xGe;f ? OD;yk(a&Tusi)f ?
OD;xGe;f atmifausmf (aemifSir bGJU
&)? apmazomESihf OD;om,m0wD
armifarmif wdkYjzpfonf/
ig;yGiq
hf idk t
f zGUJ u nGeYf aygif;
tpk;d & wpfzUJG vk;H ukd t,kt
H Munf
r&dS tqkw
d ifoiG ;f onf/ xkt
d qkd
ESihf ywfouf vTwaf wmfOu|
OD;cspfvIdifu 0efMuD;tzGJUopfukd
rwfv 11 &ufaeYwiG f a&G;cs,cf hJ
jyD;jzpfaomfvnf; {jyDwpf&ufaeY
a&mufro
S m wm0efxrf;aqmifMu
&rnfholrsm;jzpfaomaMumifh ,ck
wifoiG ;f aom tqko
d nf abmif
vGwfjyD; tcsdefrusao;aMumif;
taMumif;jyum tqku
d dk y,fcschJ
ukv
JG rkid ;f
onf/
B.L.P.H.R ;Vol I,No.22, 12-3-37,
P 599
15 rwf 1937 'dik t
f mcDtpd;k & opf
awma&;0efMuD;csKyf OD;babESifh
ynma&;0efMuD;csKyf OD;odrf;armif
wdYk EIwx
f u
G o
f mG ;&m jrefrmEdik if H
bk&ifcHu if;wdkYESpfOD;ae&mwGif
a'gufwmbarmfEiS hf OD;ay:xGe;f wdYk
tm; cefYtyfonf/
ig;yGiq
hf idk t
f zGUJ u a'gufwmb
armfESifh OD;ay:xGef;wkdYtay:wGif
t,kt
H Munf r&dS tqkw
d ifoiG ;f
onf/ 0efMuD;csKyf cefYtyfonfah eY
wGiyf if t,kt
H Munfr&dS tqku
d dk
wifoGif;cH&jcif; jzpfonf/
B.L.P.H.R ;Vol I,No.24, 15-3-37,
P 683
24 rwf 1937 a'gufwmbarmf

MuD;rSL;aom tpd;k &tzGYJukd t,Hk
tMunfr&Sdtqdkukd rJcGJ&m uefY
uGurf J 56 rJ? axmufcrH J 56 rJ
&ojzifh rJta&twGuf wlae&m
vTwaf wmfOu| OD;cspv

f idI u
f rdrd
\ rJudk tpk;d &bufoYdk ay;vku
d f
ojzifh tqkdIH;edrfhonf/
B.L.P.H.R ;Vol I,No.27, 24-3-37,
PP 784-5
1937? rwf? 25/ pm 26
{jyDv
1 {jyD 1937 jAw
d o
d Qtpd;k &u jref
rmEdik if u
H kd tdE,
d Edik if rH S oD;jcm;
cGx
J w
k jf yD; 1935 jrefrmEdik if pH &D if
tkyfcsKyfrIOya't& pwiftkyfcsKyf
onf/ jrefrmEkid if o
H nf ,cifu
uJo
h Ydk tdE,
d Ekid if \
H jynfe,fwpf
ck r[kwaf wmhbJ jAdwo
d Qtpk;d &u
wku
d f u
dk t
f yk cf sKyfonfh Ekid if jH zpfvm
onf/ 1935 jrefrmEkid if H pD&iftyk f
csKyrf I Oya' (91 Xme tkycf sKyaf &;)
t& jrefrmEdik if H tpd;k &tzGYJ0if 0ef
MuD;csKyf ]6} OD;rSm
1/ a'gufwmbarmf
trwfcsKyfEiS b
hf @ma&;0efMuD;csKyf
2/ OD;ay:xGe;f
3/ OD;yk(a&Tusif)
4/ OD;xGe;f atmifausmf
165
ausmfNidrf;
ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;0efMuD;csKyf
5/ apmazom
ajrESit
hf cGeb
f ufqikd &f m0efMuD;csKyf
6/ OD;om,m0wDarmifarmif
ynma&;0efMuD;csKyf wdkYjzpfonf/
Cady,
A History of Modern
Burma P 386
udEk ?k udx
k ed 0f if; (Adv
k cf sKyaf ps;
xdef0if;pmay) acgif;aqmifonfh
vli,fwpfpu
k 91 Xme tkycf sKyf
a&;udk uefYuu
G af om taejzifh
w&m;H;k csKyaf &SU
zdu
k pf uG,
J m;
O,smOf (,ckr[mAEKvyef;jcH)
teD;wGif 1935 ckepf jrefrm
Edik if pH &D iftyk cf sKyfrI Oya' pmtkyf
ESihf jAdwo
d Q,el ,
D *H sut
f vHukd rD;
IdUyGJjyKvkyfonf/

MunfnGefY orkdif;0if ol&d,jrefrmh
tvif; pm 246
10 {jyD 1937 jrefrmjynft

f pd;k &
tzGYJ trwfcsKyMf uD;tm; jrefrm
bmomjzifh eef;f &if;0ef [kac:&ef
xkwjf yef aMunmonf/
166
ocifxeG ;f tkyt
f m; jAdwo
d Qtpd;k
&u yk'rf 124 (u) ESih f 153 (u)
t& tpd;k &tm; tMunfnKd ysuf
aprIEiS hf vlrsdK;csif; rke;f wD;atmif
ajymqdkrIwdkYaMumifh axmif'Pf
ajcmufv jypf'Pfcs rSwo
f nf/
25 {jyD 1937 jrefrmEdik if b

H &k ifcH
qmtmcsDabm a'gufuvyfaumh
u&de;f u ynma&;0efMuD;csKyf OD;
om,m0wDarmifarmif\
EIwf
xGuv
f mT udk vufco
H nf/ a'guf
wmode;f armiftm; ul;oef;a&mif;
0,fa&;0efMuD;tjzpf cefYtyfonf/
ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;0efMuD; OD;
xGef;atmifausmftm; ynma&;
0efMuD;tjzpf ajymif;vJ cefYtyf
onf/
arv
9-10 ar 1937 ArmEdik if v
H ;kH qdik f
&m ausmif;om;rsm;or* 'kw,
d
nDvmcHukd rEav;jrdKYwiG f usi;f y
onf/ nDvmcHwiG f tqdk 17 &yf
udkwifoGif;jyXmef;cJhonf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
12 ar 1937 t*FvefEidk if H q|r

ajrmuf a*smb
h &k if bdou
d yf JG usi;f
yonf/
AEv*sme,f twG-J 18? trSw-f 2? 5?
ar? 1937 pm 23
28 ar 1937 csed b
f mvdef (Neville
Chamberlain) onf t*FvefEi
kd if \
H
0efMuD;csKyf&mxl;ukd vufcaH qmif
&Gufonf/
Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 5
U.S.A, R.R.Donnelley & Sons Co.,
1961, P 206
ZGefv
4 ZGef 1937 jynfxaJ &;0efMuD;csKyf
a[mif; qmarmifb arjrKd U uG,f
vGefonf/
ol&d,owif;pm 7-6-37
Zlvdkifv
3 Zlvikd f 1937 t*FvefEidk if H q|r
ajrmuf a*smb
h &k if bdou
d yf w
JG uf
a&mufcJhonfh atmufvTwfawmf
Ou| OD;cspv
f idI f &efuek jf rdKUokYd jyef
vnfa&muf&dSonf/
b m;rm;*sme,f? twGJ (2)? trSwf 5?

10-7-37
17 Zlvdkif 1937 t*FvefEkdifiH

q|rajrmuf a*smb
h &k if bdou
d yf JG
wufa&mufcJhonfh jrefrmEdkifiH
eef;&if;f 0ef a'gufwmbarmf? ZeD;
a':cifrr? acww&m;0efMuD;csKyf
qmjrbl;ESiZhf eD; &efuek jf rdKUodYk jyef
vnf a&muf&o
dS nf/f
b m;rm;*sme,f? twGJ (2)? trSwf 7?
24-7-37
Mo*kwfv
14 Mo*kwf 1937 rsK;d cspyf gwDukd
*VKefOD; apmwnfaxmifonf/
228-9
20 Mo*kwf 1937 a'gufwmb

armf OD;aqmifonfh nTeYfaygif;tpk;d
&wpfzUJG vk;H udk t,kt
H Munf r&dS
tqkd wifoiG ;f onf/
B.L.P.H.R ;Vol II,No.4, 20-8-37,
P 265
pufwifb m
4 pufwifb m 1937 wdYkArmt
pnf;tH;k trIaqmif tpnf;ta0;
167
ausmfNidrf;
udk a&Tw*d akH pwDawmifbufapmif;

wef; armfvjrdKifZf &yfwiG f usif;y
onf/ tpnf;ta0;wGiAf rmhvuf
H;k wyfzYJGpnf;rsO;f Oya'udk twnf
jyKonf/
wkYd Armtpnf;tk;H 0if ocifrsm;

\ vuf;Hk wyfzUJG rsm; w&m;0if
pwif ay:aygufonf/
0d"&l ocifcspaf rmif]]Ekid if aH &;a&S;a[mif;
aESmif;jzpfrsm;}} Ia'gifh*sme,f/ trSwf
55/ 1-7-71
Ek0d ifb mv
Ekd0ifb m 1937
e*g;eDpmtkyf
toif;udk ocifE?k udt
k ek ;f cifEiS hf
ocifoef;xGe;f wdYk
OD;aqmif
wnfaxmifonf/
e*g;eD*sme,f? twGJ (1)? trSwf 1?
1938 pm 4
'DZifb mv
'DZifb m 1937 wkwEf ikd if u
H rl if;
jrdKUrS vm;I;d jrdKUodYk 1168 uDvrdk D
wm (726 rdik )f &Snv
f sm;aom
um;vrf;udk pwif azmufvyk f
onf/
W.A.Gibson ''The Burma Road''
The Burma Police Journal Vol 3
No. 4 Jan 1941 PP 477-481
1937
168
jrefrmEkid if H t&yf&yfwiG f
ZE0g&Dv
8 ZE0g&D 1938 wpfaxmifo;kH &m
jynfh ta&;awmfy\
kH yxrOD;qH;k
jzpf&yfjzpfonfh
bDtpkd u
D rk P
D
tmPmydkifrsm;\ zdESdyfcsKyfcs,frI
udk rauseyfonfh twGuf acsmuf
a&eHajr tvkyo
f rm;rsm; oydwf
ay:aygufonf/
wkYdArmtpnf;tk;H orkid ;f (y)pm 2389
ukv
JG rkid ;f
azaz:0g&Dv
8 azaz:0g&D 1938 qrm;'l;0g;

qif0g;aemfOD;pD; jynfolY,Of
aus;rIEiS hf wd;k wufMuD;yGm;a&;tzGYJ
(y,uz) ac:ukezf efzek f (Kung
Hpan Hpung) udk zGYJ pnf;onf/
r&rfabmufvm qrm;'l;0g;qif0g;
aemftwKywd/ &efuek /f ae&D&yD EHk ydS /f
1980/ pm 49
9
rwfv
3
8
22-24 rwf 1938 wdYkArmtpnf;

tH;k \ Edik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m wwd,
tMudrf nDvmcHudk jynfjrdKYwGif
usi;f yonf/ xdn
k v
D mcHrS wdYkArm
tpnf;tHk;XmecsKyf tvkyftrI
aqmifrsm;tjzpf
Ou|
ocifodef;armif
'k-Ou|
ocifvSabmf
aiGxdef;
ocifA*Grf;
twGif;a&;rSL;(1)ocifav;armif
(tvkyo
f rm;? v,form;Xme)
twGi;f a&;rSL;(2) ocifwifatmif
(ud,
k rhf if;ud,
k chf sif;Xme? Edik if jH cm;
a&;Xme)
twGif;a&;rSL;(3) ocifApdef
(0g'jyefYymG ;a&;ESiphf nf;H;k a&;Xme)
169
ausmfNidrf;
twGif;a&;rSL;(4) ocifatmif
oef; (&Jabmf ok;H usyd 0f if Akv
d f
pMufm) (ausmif;om;vli,fXme
ESihf b@ma&;Xme)
wdYu
k kd
a&G;aumuf
wifajrmufonf/
armfvNrdKifnv
D mcHowifrw
S w
f rf;? &ef
ukef/wkdYArmtpnf;tkH;XmecsKyf? 19
39/ pm 43-44/ aemifu;dk um;vQif armf
vjrdKifnDvmcH [kGef;rnf/
rD;wkwo
f cifoed ;f armifMuD;\ b0ESihf
tawGUtMuHK pm 328
ZGefv
1 ZGef 1938 tpk;d &ode;f xDXmeukd
zGiv
hf pS
f xDvufrw
S f wpfapmif
vQif 2 usyEf eI ;f jzifh a&mif;csonf/
ukdvkdeDacwfwGif yxrqkH;tMudrf
xD pwifziG v
hf pS cf jhJ cif; jzpfonf/
jrefrmpG,fpkHusrf; twGJ 5? pm 2034
oifhaqGrsKd; ]]xDavmu}}? jrefrmh"e
trSwf 32? azaz:0g&D? 1993/ pm 44
{jyDv
25-26 {jyD 1938 ArmEdik if v
H ;kH
qdkif&m ausmif;om;rsm; or*
wwd, nDvmcHukd ykord jf rdKUwGif
usi;f yonf/ nDvmcHrS ausmif;
om; oHrPdwyfrsm;zGUJ &ef qH;k jzwff
onf/
13 ZGef 1938 wkYdArmtpnf;tk;H

Ou| ocifoed ;f armifu XmecsKyf
tvkyftrIaqmif ocifApdefESifh
ocifausm&f ifwYdktm; tpnf;tH;k
rS xkwyf ,faMumif; qH;k jzwfaMu
nmonf/
jr[ef ukv
kd edk aD cwftb "d mef pm 1845
Zlvdkifv
arv
1 ar 1938 wdYk Armtpnf;tH;k
u OD;aqmif a&eHacsmif;jrdKUwGif
urmtvkyo
f rm;aeYudk yxrqk;H
tMudrfusif;yonf/
170
3 Zlvikd f 1938 &efukefjrdKUa&Twd*Hk

apwD awmifbufapmif;wef; armf
vjrdKifZ&yfwGif ArmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif
&m wdkYArmtpnf;tHk;trIaqmif
tpnf;ta0; usi;f y wdYkArm
ukv
JG rkid ;f
tpnf; tH;k twGi;f y#dyursm;

wifjycJhonf/
26 Zlvdkif 1938 a&Tw*d akH pwD

&ifjyifay:wGif &[ef;yk*Kd vf? vl
yk*Kd vfrsm; pnf;a0; OD;a&TzaD &;
om;onfh ]]armv0DEiS hf a,m*Dpm
wrf;}}udk uefYuu
G o
f nf/ xdYk
aemuf odrMf uD;aps;bufoYkd csD
wufvm&mrS pwifum ukvm;jrefrm t"dukP;f jzpfymG ;onf/
t"dukPf;pkHprf;ppfaq;a&;aumfrwD
\Mum;jzwftpD&ifcpH m? &efuek /f tpk;d &
ykEH ydS ?f 1939/ pm 11-17/aemifukd;um;
vQif t"d u k P f ; pk H p rf ; ppf a q;a&;
aumfrwDtpD&if cHpm [knGTef;rnf/
30 Zlvdkif 1938 ukvm;jrefrm

t"dukPf; rEav;jrdKUodkY ul;
pufonf/
t"dukP;f pkpH rf;ppfaq;a&; aumfrwD
tpD&ifcHpm pm-14
31 Zlvdkif 1938 OD;bab yg0if

aom jrefrmwkid ;f &if;om;uk,
d pf m;
vS,frsm;ESifh tdEd,wkdif;&if;om;
ukd,fpm;vS,facgif;aqmifrsm;
jidrf;csrf;a&; tpnf;ta0;wpf&yf
usif;yjyD; jrefrmESihf tdE,
d om;
ESpzf ufv;Hk arwmxm; jidr;f csr;f
pGm aexkid Mf u&ef yefMum;csuf
xkwfjyefonf/
ol&d,owif;pm twGJ 24? trSwf
126? 3-8-38? pm 9
Mo*kwfv
17 Mo*kwf 1938 jrefrmEdik if H
bk&ifcq
H mtmcsaD bma'gufuvyf
aumhu&def;u jrefrmwpfEdkifiHvHk;
ukvm;jrefrmt"dukPf; y
aysmufomG ;jyD[k xkwjf yefaMunm
onf/
tpD&ifcHpm pm-14
18 Mo*kwf 1938 wdYkArmtpnf;

tH;k XmecsKyf tvkyrf aI qmif tzGYJ
udk Ou| ocifxyd w
f ifu,
kd af wmfMuD;
'k-Ou| ocifvaS bmf
taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL; ocifnD
wdYkjzifh jyefvnf zGYJpnf;
onf/
171
ausmfNidrf;
armfvNrdKifnDvmcH pm 44-45
22 Mo*kwf 1938 ukvm;-Arm

t"duke;f ykvyd w
f Ydk &ufpufrI
ukd IUH csjyD; tpk;d &tzGUJ ukd t,kH
tMunfr&dS tqkd wifoiG ;f onf/
B.L.P.H.R ;Vol IV,No.1, 22-8-38,
P 52
26 Mo*kwf 1938 tpk;d & tzGUJ
t,kt
H Munfr&dS tqku
d dk rJc&JG m
tqkb
d ufrS I;H edro
hf nft
h wGuf
a'gufwmbarmftpk;d & qufvuf
wnfNrJonf/
B.L.P.H.R ;Vol IV,No.5, 26-8-38,
P 333
Mo*kwf 1938 wdYkArmtpnf;tH;k ?
azbD,HygwDESifh rsKd;cspfygwDwdkY
Edik if aH &; oabmwlpmcsKyf csKyf
onf/
ocifcspaf rmif(0d"&l ) ocifjr &efuek /f
rdom;pkpmayjzefYcsad &;? 1979? pm 269/
aemifu;dk um;vQif 0d"&l ocifjr [kneT ;f
rnf/
Apdef vGwv
f yfa&;MudK;yef;rI pm 45
172
pufwifb mv
22 pufwifb m 1938 jrefrmEdik f
iHtpd;k &jynfxaJ &;Xmeu ukvm;
jrefrmt"dukPf; pHkprf;a&;aumf
rwDzGJYpnf;ay;onf/
tpD&ifcHpm pm-1
25 pufwifb m 1938 wkYdArm

tpnf;tk;H
tvkyt
f rIaqmif
tpnf;ta0;usi;f yonf/ tpnf;
ta0;rS
ocifatmifqef;tm;
tvkyXf mewGif ulnaD qmif&u
G f
&ef twGi;f a&;rSL;tjzpf cefYtyf
onf/
Ed0k ifb mv
20-22 Edk0ifb m 1938 wdYkArm
tpnf;tH;k \ ArmEdik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m
trIaqmiftpnf;a0;usif;y o
cifApdeEf iS hf wuG om,m0wDnD
vmcHtwGuf jyifqifaeMuonfh
wdkYArmtpnf;tHk;XmecsKyftrI
aqmifwYkdukd xkwyf ,f XmecsKyf
tvkyftrIaqmiftzGJYudk
Ou| ocifxyd w
f ifu,
kd af wmfMuD;
ukv
JG rkid ;f
'k-Ou| ocifvaS bmf

taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rSL; ocif
atmifqef;
wdYjk zifjh yefvnfzYpJG nf;onf/
armfvNrdKifnDvmcH pm 46
23-24 Ed0k ifb m 1938 ocifxeG ;f

tky?f ocifApdew
f Ykd tkypf u
k wdYk
Armtpnf;tH;k pwkw t
Mudrf
ajrmufnv
D mcHukd oH;k q,fjrdKU?
yef;qG&J mG wGif usi;f yonf/ nDvm
cHwiG f Ou|tjzpf ocifxeG ;f tky?f
taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL; tjzpf
ocifnDudk wifajrmufcJhonf/
(tcsed rf pS wdYkArmtpnf;tH;k
onf ocifudk,fawmffrIdif;MuD;rSL;
aom wdYkArmtpnf;tH;k ESihf ocif
xGe;f tky?f ocifApdew
f YkdArmtpnf;
tHk;[ltwdtvif;ESpfjcrf;uGJ
cJhonf/)
Apdef vGwv
f yfa&;MudK;yef;rI pm 7071
30 Ed0k ifb m 1938 acsmuf? pOfu

h ?l
vrf;&Gm? a&eHcsyfEiS hf a&eHacsmif;
a&eHajrrS oydwaf rSmuf tvkyf

orm;tiftm; 1000 ausmw
f Ykd rdik f
400 ausm&f n
S v
f sm;aom &efuek f
odYk ajcvsicf sw
D ufqEjyyGJ pwif
onf/
wkYd Armtpnf;tk;H orkid ;f jyKpka&;tzGUJ
wkdYArmtpnf;tkH;orkdif; 'kw,
d wG/J
335/ aemifu;dk um;vQif wkYd Armtpnf;
tkH;orkdif; ('k)[keT ;f rnf/
Ed0k ifb m 1938 Edik if v

H ;kH qdik &f m wdYk
Armtpnf;tHk; trIaqmiftzGJY
tpnf;ta0;u wdkYArmtpnf;
tH;k ? azbD,EH iS hf rsdK;cspfyf gwDwYkd
csKyfqx
kd m;aom oabmwlpmcsKyf
udk vufrcHbJ y,fcsonf/
0d"&l ocifjr pm 269
'DZifb mv
5 'DZifb m 1938 a&eHajroydwf
wyf rauG;jrdKUodYk a&muf&o
dS nf/
wkYd Armtpnf;tk;H orkid ;f ('k)pm 336
12 'DZifb m 1938 rauG;jrKd U rJx;D

ausmif;wdkuftwGif; a&eHajro
ydwfwyfom;rsm;tm; w&m;a[m
rIjzifh udAk [de;f ESihf udAk aqGwYkd ukd
173
ausmfNidrf;
jAdwdoQtpdk;&u zrf;qD;onf/
13 'DZifb m 1938 a&eHajroydwf

wyf rauG;rS &efuek o
f Ykd quf
vufcsDwufonf/
wkYdArmtpnf;tk;H orkid ;f ('k)pm 343344
&efukefwuodkvfausmif;om;
rsm;or*toif;wdkuf ausmif;
om;xk tpnf;ta0; usif;y
udAk [de;f ESiu
hf Adk aqGwYkd uv
kd w
T &f ef
ESihf zdEydS cf sKyfcs,fxm;aom Oya'
rsm; kwo
f rd ;f &ef tqdrk sm; wif
oGif;onf/

pm 497-8
19 'DZifb m 1938 yJc;l ckid Ef iS hf

oxkcH kid w
f YdkrS awmifov
l ,fo
rm; wyfzUJG rsm; &efuek af &muf&jSd yD;
a&Tw*d aHk pwD &ifjyifwiG f pcef;cs
onf/
pm 497-8
14 'DZifb m 1938 yJc;l ckid Ef iS hf

oxkcH kid w
f YdkrS
awmifov
l ,f
orm; ESpaf omif;cefYonf usi;f y
vsu&f aSd om Oya'jyK vTwaf wmf
tpnf;ta0;rS v,fo;D pm;Oya'
Murf;ESihf v,fajrvGaJ jymif;ay;a&;
qkid &f m Oya'Murf;rsm;ukd twnf
jyKa&;twGuf &efuek Nf rdKUokYd qEjy
csDwufonf/
174
20 'DZifb m 1938 &efuek f

wuov
kd f tygt0if &efuek jf rdKU&Sd
ausmif;aygif; pHak usmif;om;xku
twGif;0efrsm;Hk;(,ck0efMuD;rsm;
H;k ) udk 0dik ;f oydww
f m; qEjy
onf/ jrif;pD;ykvyd rf sm;u oydwf
wm; ausmif;olausmif;om;rsm;ukd
tMurf;zuf jzdKcGo
J nf/
Report of the Secretariat Incident Enquiry Comittee, Yangon
Govt printing, 1939, P 2,:hereafter cited as Report of the Secretariat Incident Enquiry Comittee
21 'DZifb m 1938 &efuek w

f u
odv
k f ausmif;om;rsm;or*Ou|
udkvSa&Tu jrefrmwpfEdkifiHvHk;&Sd
ukv
JG rkid ;f
ausmif;om;rsm;oydwfarSmuf&ef
Ed;I aqmfpm xkwjf yefonf/
wuov
dk u
f u
dk Mdk uD;
ausmif;om;
ykvdyfwkdufyGJ /&efuek /f bk0H g'pmtkyf
toif;/ 1939/ pm 8
22 'DZifb m 1938 *syq

f ifaum
vdyf ausmif;om; udak tmifausmf
onf twGi;f 0efrsm;H;k 0dik ;f o
ydwfwm;qEjypOf jrif;pD;ykvdyf
rsm;\wkwfjzifh dkufESufrI'Pf&m
rsm;aMumifh 13;25 em&DwiG f &ef
ukef aq;HMk uD;wGif
uG,v
f eG f
onf/
1
9
3
ZE0g&Dv
8 ZE0g&D 1939 a&eHajroydwf
wyfMuD;onf &efuek jf rdKUodYk a&muf
&Sv
d mjyD; a&Tw*d akH pwD uke;f awmf
ay:wGif pcef;csonf/

pm 498
9 ZE0g&D 1939 a&Tw*d akH pwD

tv,fyp,H awmifov
l ,fo
rm;xk tpnf;ta0; usif;y
175
ausmfNidrf;
ArmEdik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m awmifov
l ,f
orm; tpnf;tH;k (A.w.v.p)
udkzGJUpnf;onf/
0d"&l ocifjr pm 504
jrefrmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m tvkyf
orm;xk tpnf;ta0;udk a&Tw*d kH
apwDtv,fyp,H 15;30 em&D
wGif usi;f y&m oydwaf rSmuf
tvkyform;aygif; 500 ausmf
wufa&mufonf/ tvkyform;
ud,
k pf m;vS,af ygif;pHk qH;k jzwfcsuf
t& ArmEdkifiHvHk;qdkif&m tvkyf
orm; tpnf;tk;H udk (All Burma
Trade Union Congress\ A. B. T. U. C )
udk zGUJ pnf;onf/ tvkyo

f rm;
tpnf;tH;k \ yxrqH;k Ou|rSm
ocifav;armif jzpfonf/
10 ZE0g&D 1939 wkwfjrefrm

vrf;r (wkwEf ikd if u
H rl if;jrdKUESihf
jrefrmEdik if H vm;I;d jrdKUwdYk ukd quf
oG,x
f m;jyD; 726 rdik f &Snv
f sm;
onf) MuD;udk w&m;0if zGiv
hf pS f
onf/
176
vlxkOD;vS owif;pmrsm;ajymjywJh ppf

wGif;jrefrmjynf(yxrwGJ)? rEav;/
MuD;yGm;a&;ykEH ySd ?f 1968? pm 9/aemifu;dk
um;vQif vlxOk ;D vSppfwGif;jrefrmjynf
(y) [knTef;rnf/
11 ZE0g&D 1939 wdYkArmtpnf;

tH;k trIaqmif ocifEt
k zrf;cH
&onf/
14 ZE0g&D 1939 wufbek ;f

MuD;ode;f az (OD;ode;f azjrif)h tzrf;
cH&onf/
15 ZE0g&D 1939 wwd, ausmif;

om; oydwaf cgif;aqmif udv
k aS &T
tzrf;cH&onf/
23 ZE0g&D 1939 a&Tw*d akH pwD

awmfawmifbufapmif;wef;&Sd wdYk
Armtpnf;tH;k wnf&mXme armf
vNrdKifZ&yfudk &Jjzifh0dkif;zrf;qD;
&mOu| ocifxyd f wifu,
kd af wmf
MuD;? twGi;f a&;rSL; ocifatmif
qef;tygt0if wdYkArmtpnf;tH;k
ukv
JG rkid ;f
0if 10 OD; tzrf;cH&onf/

wdkYArmtpnf;tHk; tvkyftrI
aqmiftzGJYudk
Ou|
ocifvSabmf
'k-Ou|
ocifav;armif
taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL; ocif
wifarmif
wdYk jzifh ajymif;vJ zGYJ pnf;
onf/
armfvNrdKifnDvmcH pm 47
25 ZE0g&D 1939 wkwforw

Edik if H tpd;k &u csKH uif; (Chungking)
ulrif;(Kunming) ESi&hf efuek f (Yangon) avaMumif; c&D;pOf zGiv
hf pS f
onf/
John Leroy Christian Burma
and Japnese Invader Bombay,
Thacker & Company Ltd. 1945,
P 229, :hereafter cited as
Christian Burma and Japnese
Invader
29 ZE0g&D 1939 jrefrmjynf

vGwv
f yfa&; trsKd ;orD; tzGYu
J kd
&efukefjrdKU zGJYpnf;wnfaxmif
onf/ trIaqmifrsm;rSm
Ou|
a':vSar
twGif;a&;rSL; a':cifrsKd;cspf
wdkYjzpfonf/
azaz:0g&Dv
2 azaz:0g&D 1939 a'gufwmb
armf OD;aqmifonfh nTeYfaygif;tpk;d
&tay: t,kt
H Munfr&dt
S qkd wif
oGif;onf/
B.L.P.H.R ;Vol V,No.3, 2-2-39,
PP 57-65
7 azaz:0g&D 1939 jAdwo
d Qtpd;k
&\ wpfcsuv
f w
T Of ya't& t
zrf;cHae&aom &efuek jf rdKUXmecsKyf
wdYk Armtpnf;tH;k twGi;f a&;rSL;
ocifatmifqef;? tvkyfrIaqmif
tzGYJ0if ocifoef;xGe;f ? Armhvuf
Hk;wyfAdkvfocifbmbm? ocif
ausmpf ed ?f ocif{Munf? ocifw
f if
wdkYtm; tmrcHjzifhjyefvTwfonf/
ocifErk mS
wpfvjynfjh yD jzpf
uGi;f vH;k uRwf vGwo
f nf/
D.R 1527 (D.S.H.R.I)
9 azaz:0g&D 1939 rEav;jrdKU
r[mavmu&HoD
tdraf wmf&m
177
ausmfNidrf;
bk&m;twGi;f 14 cef;Z&yfMuD;
rEav;jrdKU? ausmif;om;rdbrsm;
ESihf jrdKUvk;H uRwf tpnf;ta0;
usi;f y tqkad jcmuf&yfudk qk;H
jzwfjy|mef;onf/
rEav;tmZmenf 17 OD;rSwfwrf;?
rEav;? ol&,
d owif;pmykEH ydS /f 1940/
pm 12-3/ aemifu;dk um;vQif rEav;
tmZmenf 17 OD;rSwfwrf;? [keT ;f
rnf/
10 azaz:0g&D 1939 rEav;jrdKU

wGif &[ef;awmfrsm; a&SUaqmif
vlxk 2ode;f ausmf yg0ifonfh e,f
csUJ qefYusiaf &; vlxq
k Ejycsw
D uf
yGJudktpdk;&u tMurf;zufESdrfESif;
ojzifh oHCmawmf 7 yg; ausmif;
om; 3 OD;ESihf t&yfom; 7 OD;
usqHk;onf/ if;tmZmenf17
OD;wdkYrSm
1/ OD;ynmaZmw (25ESp)f
rEav;â*G;csdKwdkuf
2/ OD;auvmo (25 ESp)f
rEav;^cifruefwdkuf
3/ OD;a0ykv (27 ESp)f
tr&yl&^wlarmif;wdkuf
4/ OD;y@dw (28 ESp)f
rEav;ûkodEmHkwdkuf
178
5/ OD;tmavmu (30 ESp)f

rEav;âiGawmifwdkuf
6/ OD;Zedw (35 ESp)f
rEav;^pukwdkuf
7/ OD;auwk (40 ESp)f
rEav;^qifwJwdkufopf
8/ Adv
k w
f ifatmif (12ESp)f
rEav;Â[dktrsKd;om;ausmif;
9/ Adv
k v
f aS rmif (15ESp)f
rEav;êdAdEausmif;
10/ Adv
k cf ifarmif ac: Akv
d af &T;dk
(16ESpf) rEav;^wkwfwef;
11/ Adv
k b
f aX; (18ESp)f
rEav;^0ufpav[ku
d pf ul;ausmif;
12/ Adv
k x
f eG ;f atmif (18ESp)f
rEav;^qdkif;wef;&yf
13/ Adv
k cf ifarmif (19ESp)f
rEav;Ô,smOf0if;&yf
14/ Adv
k af tmifx;l (21ESp)f
rEav;^rvGef&yf
15/ Adv
k rf l (33ESp)f
rEav;ôlaX;wef;&yf
16/ Adv
k b
f vGe;f (33ESp)f
rEav;ô&ufwyifaus;&Gm
17/ Adv
k x
f eG ;f td (53ESp)f
rEav;^r&rf;jcH&yf
wdkYjzpfMuonf/
wkYdArmtpnf;tk;H orkid ;f ('k)pm 401-
ukv
JG rkid ;f
402
rEav;tmZmenf 17 OD;rSww
f rf;? pm
15-19
Report of the Mandalay Incident Enquiry Committee Yangon

Govt printing,1940,PP 151-171
12 azaz:0g&D 1939 a&Tw*d aHk pwD

&ifjyifwGif vlxktpnf;ta0;
usi;f yonf/ tpnf;ta0; qk;H
jzwfcsuft& okH;a&mifjc,ftvH
ukd vTix
hf u
l m taocHAv
dk f 32 OD;
a&SUaqmif &efuek jf rdKUwGi;f okYd
qEjy csw
D ufonf/
pm 506-507
16 azaz:0g&D 1939 rsK;d cspyf gwD

acgif;aqmif *VKeOf ;D apmu a'guf
wmbarmf acgif;aqmifonfh nGeYf
aygif;tpdk;&tay: t,HktMunf
r&St
d qdu
k kd rJc&JG m axmufcrH J 20
uefYuu
G rf J 1 rJjzifh tqdk tEdik &f
ojzihf a'gufwm barmf tpd;k &
jyKwfusonf/
B.L.P.H.R ;Vol V,No.3, 16-2-39,
P84
17 azazmf0g&D 1939 rEav;

tmZmenf 16 OD;\ kyt
f avmif;
udk tdraf wmf&mbk&m;rS rEav;
tr&yl&um;vrf;ab; olMuG,f
pk&yfoYkd ydYkaqmif acw tkw*f l
twGi;f oGi;f ESo
H N*K[o
f nf/ (Akv
d f
cifarmifac: Akv
d af &T;dk onf &&dS
'Pf&mrsm;jzifh aq;kHwifxm;&m
8 &ufMumrS aoqk;H onf/ if;
tm; 27-2-39 wGirf S ol<u,fpk
okoefwiG f oN*K[fonf/
rEav;tmZmenf 17 OD;rSww
f rf;? pm
42-47^55
20 azaz:0g&D 1939 jrefrmEdik if H

Oya'jyK vTwaf wmftpnf;ta0;
a&TusifO;D yku nGeYf aygif; tpd;k &
tzGYJ 0if pm&if;ukd wifoiG ;f onf/
tpdk;&tzGJU0ifrsm;rSmOD;yk(a&Tusif^0wfvHkawmf&) eef;
&if;0ef
qmay:xGe;f ajrESit
hf cGeaf wmfXme
apmzd;k cspf ynma&;Xme
qmxGef;atmifausmf b@ma&;
Xme
OD;apm opfawmESiphf u
kd yf sK;d a&;Xme
OD;xGe;f ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;ESihf
pufrIvufrIXme
179
ausmfNidrf;
OD;bab jynfxaJ &;Xme

wkdYjzpfonf/
B.L.P.H.R ;Vol V,No.8, 20-2-39,
P 432
AEKvowif;pm 21-2-39
22 azaz:0g&D 1939 wkwjf refrm

avaMumif;c&D;pOf\ yxrqkH;
av,mOfysH &efuek f r*Fvm'kaH v
qdyfokdY qkdufa&mufvmonf/
Christian Modern Burma P 229
26 azaz:0g&D 1939 jrefrmEdik if H
vH;k qdik &f m ausmif;om;rsm;or*rS
ausmif;om;rsm;
oydwfvSef
aMumif; aMunmcsuf xkwfjyef
onf/
rwfv
rwf 1939 [dEK -rlpvif t"d
ukP;f pwifjzpfymG ;onf/
8 rwf 1939 jrefrmEdik if &H dS ausmif;

om;ud,
k pf m;vS,af ygif;pHyk g0ifonfh
180
ausmif;om;vTwfawmfac:,lum
oydwv
f eS rf u
I kd twnfjyKcJo
h nf/
tk;d a0\a&T&wkob if pm 203-4
18 rwf 1939 vG,t

f w
d Mf uD; OD;
bvIid u
f wifoiG ;f onfh OD;ykO;D
aqmifonfh tpk;d &tzGUJ ukd t,kH
tMunfr&dS tqku
d dk rJc&JG m axmuf
cHrJ 36? uefYuu
G rf J 74 jzifh tqkd
IH;edrfhonf/
20 rwf 1939 twGi;f 0efrsm;H;k

(,ck0efMuD;rsm;Hk;) jzpf&yfpHkprf;
a&;aumfrwD zGYJ pnf;onf/
Report of the Secretariat
Incident Enquiry Comittee P 1
{jyDv
6-9 {jyD 1939 ocifu,
kd af wmf
rIid ;f MuD;rSL;aom wdYkArmtpnf;
tH;k \ Edik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m pwkw
tMudraf jrmuf nDvmcHukd armfv
jrKd ijf rKd UwGif usi;f yonf/ nDvmcH
wGif wdkYArmtpnf;tHk;XmecsKyf
tvkyftrIaqmifrsm;tjzpf
Ou|
ocifvaS bmf
ukv
JG rkid ;f
twGif;a&;rSL; ocifatmifqef;
tygt0if tzGYJ0if 17 OD;udk a&G;
aumufwifajrmufonf/
Zlvdkifv
29 ar 1939 OD;ykO;D aqmifonfh

nGeYf aygif;tpd;k & wpfzYJG v;kH EIwf
xGufonf/
13 Zlvikd f 1939 jrefrmEdik if b

H &k if
cH qmtmcsaD bm a'gufuvyf
aumhu&de;f Zlvikd f 11 &ufaeYrpS
cGifh,lt*FvefodkY jyefpOft
wGi;f qma0gvwmbko*f a&ADvD
(Sir Walter Booth Gravely ) acwb&
k if
cHtjzpf aqmif&u
G o
f nf/
*sme,fausmff? tkyw
f JG 1? pmapmif 3?
3-6-39
*sme,fausmff? tkyw
f JG 1? pmapmif 8?
15-7-39
30 ar 1939 OD;ykO;D aqmifonfh

nGefYaygif;tpdk;& jyefvnfzGJYpnf;
&m1/ OD;yk eef;&if;0efEiS hf ul;oef
;a&mif;0,fa&;Xme
2/
qmay:xGe;f ajrESit
hf cGef
awmfXme
3/ apmzd;k cspf ynma&;Xme
4/ qmxGe;f atmifausmf b@m
a&;Xme
5/ OD;apm opfawmESihf pdu
k yf sK;d a&;
Xme
6/ OD;bab jynfxaJ &;Xme
wkdYjzpfMuonf/
Mo*kwfv
*sme,fausmff? tkyw
f JG 1? pmapmif 3?
3-6-39
armfvNrdKifnDvmcH pm 108-9
arv
13 Mo*kwf 1939 &efuek jf rKd U? a&

ausmf&yf wdYk Armtpnf;tH;k wnf
&mXmewGif uGefjrLepftzGJYtpnf;
i,fuav;udkvQdKU0SufpGm pwifzGJY
pnf;onf/ xdktzGJYtpnf;wGif
1/ taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rSL; ocif
atmifqef;
2/ aiGa&;aMu;a&;wm0efcH ocif
vSaz
3/ udAk [de;f
4/ wufbkef;MuD;udkodef;az
5/ rpwm'wm;
wdYk yg0ifonf/
181
ausmfNidrf;
319-320
15 Mo*kwf 1939 &efuek jf rKd U

ta&SUydik ;f 49 vrf;? tdref yH gwf
188 jrefrmjynfueG jf rLepfygwD
(A.u.y) udk tjrKawygwDtjzpf
vQdKU0SufpGmzGJYpnf;onf/ A.u.y
tvkyftrIaqmif tzGJY0ifrsm;rSm1/ taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rSL; ocif
atmifqef;
2/ vlxak cgif;aqmif ocifp;kd
3/ pnf;Hk;a&;ESifh vQdKU0Sufa&;
rpwm*dk&S,f
4/aiGa&;aMu;a&;wm0efcH ocif
vSaz
5/ ausmif;om;ESihf vli,fpnf;H;k
a&; udAk [de;f
wkjYzd pfonf/
320-1
pufwifb mv
1 pufwifb m 1939 *smrefwyf
rsm; ykv
d efEidk if u
H dk usL;ausmw
f u
dk f
ckdufonf/
History P 355
182
3 pufwifb m 1939 t*FvefEiS hf

jyifopfEdkifiHwdkYu *smreDEdkifiHudk
ppfaMunm&mrS 'kwd,urmppf
MuD;pwifjzpfyGm;onf/
History P 355
9 pufwifb m 1939 jrefrmtrsK;d
om;Edik if aH &; rsufaphudk zGiahf y;cJh
aom q&mawmf
OD;Owr
(14.12.1879 - 9.9.1939) ysH
vGefonf/
a&TOMo xif&mS ;aomyk*Kd vfMuD;rsm; pm
274
armifausmv
f idI f (tokw)f EkdifiHa&;?
pmay? ,Ofaus;rI taxGaxG pm 1815
10 pufwifb m 1939 a'gufwm

barmf\ qif;&Jom;0HomEktzGJY
ESifh ocifudk,fawmfrIdif;MuD;rSL;
aom wdYk Armtpnf;tH;k ud,
k pf m;
vS,frsm;pnf;a0;MujyD; jrefrm
jynfumuG,af &; tzGYJ MuD; jyKvkyf
&ef aqG;aEG;onf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
16-17 pufwifb m 1939 jrefrm

Edik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m wdYkArmtpnf;tH;k
trIaqmifrsm;
tpnf;ta0;
A[dt
k vkyt
f rIaqmiftzGYJu urm
MuD;tajctaeudkaxmufxm;
wpfwikd ;f jynfv;kH aoG;pnf;&ef vkyf
ief;tpDtpOfuw
kd ifjy&m ArmEdik if H
vH;k qdik &f m trIaqmiftzGYJu trsKd ;
om;wdYk\ vdv
k m;csu]f 9}csuf &&Sd
&eftwGufrnfonfhEdkifiHa&;tzGJY
*dkPf;toif;wdkYESifh rqdk wGJzuf
vkyfudkif&ef oabmwlnDonf/
22 pufwifb m 1939 jrefrmEkid if H

vkH;qkdif&m wkdYArmtpnf;tkH;u
]]t*Fvdyftcuf-Armhtcsuf}} [l
aom a<u;aMumfoEH iS hf vGwv
f yf
a&;ay;tyf&ef aMunmcsufrsm;
xkwfjyefonf/
192? 22-9-39? pm 13
23 pufwifb m 1939 ocifu,

kd f
awmfridI ;f MuD;rI;aom wdYk Armt
pnf;tH;k u trsK;d om;wdYk \ vdk
vm;csuf ]9}csufEiS hf if;wdYk u&kd &Sd
&efrnfonfhEdkifiHa&;tzGJYESifhrqdk
wGJzufaqmif&Guf&ef oabmwl
aMumif; aMunmcsuf xkwfjyef
onf/
atmufwb
kd mv
1 atmufwb
kd m 1939 Armhxu
G f
&yf*f P
kd ;f (Armhvw
G v
f yfa&;*dP
k ;f )
udk zGYJpnf;wnfaxmifonf/ Armh
xGuf&yf*dkPf;\ OD;pD;tzGJY0ifrsm;
tjzpf
wdkYArmtpnf;tHk;rS
ocifvaS bmf? ocifjr? ocifE?k
ocifatmifqef;? ocifoef;xGe;f
qif;&Jom;0HomEkzGJYrS
a'gufwmbarmf? OD;vSrif;? AEKv
OD;pdef
fig;yGifhqkdiftzGJYrS
a'gufwmodef;armif? OD;xGef;
armif
aejynfawmf (rEav;)tzGJYrS
OD;bOD;? OD;ba&T wdYkukd a&G;cs,f
vdkufMuonf/
Armhxu
G &f yf*P
kd ;f \ acgif;
aqmifrSm
a'gufwmbarmf?
twGi;f a&;rSL;rSm ocifatmifqef;
183
ausmfNidrf;
jzpfonf/
208? 11-10-39? pm 9
22 atmufwdkb m 1939 &efuek f

jrdKU a&Tw*d akH pwD tv,fyp,H
ArmhxGuf&yf*dkPf;u MuD;rSL;
a[majymyGJ usi;f y&m Edik if aH &;
tzGYJ tpnf; toD;oD;rS ud,
k pf m;
vS,frsm;u EdkifiHa&;tzGJUtpnf;
rsm; nDnw
G af &;? vH;k 0 vGwv
f yf
a&;&&Sda&;ESifh urmppfMuD;wGif
jrefrmEdik if H ryg0ifa&; ponf
wdYk ukd a[majymMuonf/
aqmif&Guf&ef ajratmufawmf
a&;tzGYJ (Underground Unit) udzk YJG
pnf;cJo
h nf/ (tzGYJonf aemif
wGifjynfolYta&;awmfyHkygwD (The
Peoples`s Revolutionary Party) xkYd
aemuf Armjynfq&dk ,
S f vpfygwD
(Burma Socialist Party) [l tqifh
qifh ajymif;vJco
hJ nf/
aenGeYfAaqG jynfolta&;awmfykHygwD
(1939-46) r[m0dZmbGJU,lusrf;?
orkid ;f Xme? &efuek w
f uov
dk ?f 1984?
pm 12
2/okawoe&Jabmf &JabmfokH;usdyfESifh
Armhvw
G v
f yfa&;wyfrawmf ppfaMumif;
rsm; &efuek /f &Jtek ;f ausmyf EHk ySd /f 1975/
pm 15
'DZifb mv
Ed0k ifb mv
4 Edk0ifb m 1939 Armhxu
G &f yf
*dP
k ;f MuD;\ aMunmcsuu
f kd xkwf
jyefaMunmonf/
*sme,fausmff? tkyw
f JG 2? pmapmif 12?
4-11-39

d Qtpd;k &
tm;qef Y u sif o nf h v k y f i ef ; rsm;
12 'DZifb m 1939 jrdKUrausmif;

tkyfMuD; OD;bvGif acgif;aqmif
aom wkwjf ynf rdwq
f uftzGYJ0if
rsm;jzpfo
f nfh a':jrpde?f OD;b? rp
wm *ef*gqif;? 'D;'kwOf ;D bcsKd ? o
cifE?k rpwmapmwdwaf vsmif? rp
wm 0Dv,
D efuseEf iS hf rpwmv,l;
wdkY &efukefjrdKUrS wkwfEdkifiHodkU
av,mOfjzifh xGucf mG onf/
ocifEk *Ev&mZf? &efuek /f e*g;eDyHk
ESyd /f 1940/ pm 3/ aemifu;dk um;vQif
184
ukv
JG rkid ;f
ocifEk *Ev&mZf [kneT ;f rnf/
20 'DZifb m 1939 OD;om,m0wD

armifarmiftm; usef;rma&;?
vrf;bufEiS hf taqmuftOD; qdik f
&m tvkyXf me0efMuD;csKyf tjzpf
cefYtyfonf/
*sme,fausm?f tkyw
f JG 3? trSwf 7? 2312-39
27 'DZifb m 1939 wkwjf ynf

rdwq
f uftzGUJ wkwEf ikd if H ref;Zpf
jrdKUrS jrefrmEdik if v
H m;d;I jrdKUodYk armf
awmfum;jzifh jyefvnf xGucf mG
onf/
ocifEk *Ev&mZf pm 299
1939 &ckid w
f idk ;f &dS Ekid if aH &;tzGUJ
aygif;pkH yl;aygif; aygufawmjrdKU
&ckdifwkdif;vkH;qkdif&m nDvmcH
usif;yonf/ nDvmcHwiG f &ckid f
wkdif;vkH;qkdif&mtzGJU pnf;rsOf;Oy
a'ukd a&;qGt
J wnfjyKum &ckid f
wkid ;f vk;H qkid &f mtzGUJ ukd zGUJ pnf;
onf/
185
ausmfNidrf;
ZE0g&Dv
1 ZE0g&D 1940 jrefrmEkid if v
H ;Hk
qkid &f m
awmifov
l ,form;
tpnf;tk;H (Awvp) nDvmcHudk
awmifiljrdKUwGif usif;yonf/
ocifvaS uR ]]awmifiluawmfvSefa&;
&JabmfMuD;ocif<u,f}} laxmif*h sme,f
trSwf 61? 1-10-71 pm 5
6 ZE0g&D 1940 pma&;q&m yDr;dk

eif; uG,v
f eG o
f nf/
wku
d pf ;dk ]]*E0ifpmqkyd nm&daS v;OD;}} &ef
ukeaf &mifpOfatmhzpf uf? 2003? pm 151
aemifu;dk um;vQif wku
d pf ;dk *E0ifpmqkd
[kTef;rnf
19 ZE0g&D 1940 eef;&if;0efO;D yk

u OD;babtm; tpk;d &tzGUJ rS EIwf
xGucf idk ;f onf/ OD;babu ig;yGihf
qkdiftpnf;ta0;jyD;rS EIwfxGuf
cGifhjyKyg&ef taMumif;jyefonf/
294? 22-1-40 pm 3
20 ZE0g&D 1940 eef;&if;0efO;D yk

OD;aqmifonfh 0efMuD;tzGUJ EIwf
xGuo
f nf/ nae 4 em&DwiG f jynf
xJa&;0efMuD;OD;bab rygonfh
186
tpkd;&tzGJUopfukd jyefvnfzGJU
onf/
1/ OD;yk eef;&if;0ef
jynfxJa&;ESifhul;oef;a&mif;0,f
a&;
2/ qmay:xGe;f
v,f,mESifhtcGefawmfXme
3/ apmzd;k cspf
ynma&; Xme
4/ OD;xGef;atmifausmf(aemifSir
bGUJ &) b@ma&;Xme
5/ OD;apm
opfawma&;Xme
6/ OD;at;
w&m;&mZ0wfXme
use;f rma&;ESihf tvkyb
f ufqikd &f m
Xme wkYd jzpfonf/
1/ *sme,fausmf tkyw
f JG (3)? pmapmif
(12) 27-1-1940
2/ ol&d,owif;pm twGJ 25? trSwf
294? 22-1-40 pm 3
21 ZE0g&D 1940 ig;yGiq

hf idk n
f D
nGwaf &;tzGUJ tpnf;ta0; usi;f
yonf/ xkt
d pnf;ta0;wGif OD;yk
tm; t,kt
H Munfr&d
S tzGUJ acgif;
aqmiftjzpfrS y,f&Sm;jyD; OD;b
ukv
JG rkid ;f
abtm; acgif;aqmiftjzpf tod

trSwfjyKonf/
0efMuD;tzGJU
ajymif;vJjcif;rSmvnf; OD;bab
tm; jzKwfcsvkd ajymif;vJjcif;
jzpfonf/ nDnGwfa&;tzGJUukd
rwkdifyifbJ jyKvkyfonfhtwGuf
tzGUJ ukd apmfum;jcif;jzpfonf/ xkd
aMumifh OD;yktpk;d &tay: axmufcH
csuu
f dk kwo
f rd ;f onf[k qk;H jzwf
onf/
295? 23-1-40 pm (u)
31 ZE0g&D 1940 &efuek jf rKd U

trSwf 76 a&ausmv
f rf; tvkyf
orm; tpnf;tk;H XmecsKyf tvkyf
trIaqmiftzGJUukd zGJUpnf;onf/
tvkyftrIaqmiftzGJU0ifrsm;rSm
Ou| ocifav;armif
'kOu| a'gufwmem,m;
taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL;
ocifAwif (oHw)JG
wGJzuftaxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL;
ociftkH;cif
wkdYjzpfonf/
ocifwifjr bkHb0rSmjzifh ('kwd,
tMurd )f &efukef? wpfoufwmpmay?
1974? pm 16
azaz:0g&Dv
umuG,fa&; Oya'udk jyXmef;
onf/
The Defence of Burma Act
,1940 Yangon Govt printing,
1940
rwfv
19-20 rwf 1940 tdE,
d Edik if H
bD[m (Bihar) jynfe,f? [Zm&D
bwfcdik f (Hazaribagh) &rf;*g;
(Ram garh)wGif usi;f yonfh tdE,
d
trsdK;om;uGef*&uf nDvmcHodkY
wdkYArmtpnf;tHk; tvkyftrI
aqmifrsm; jzpfMuonfh ocifwif
armif (yef;waemf)? ocifoef;
xGe;f ? ocifatmifqef;? ocifcif
atmif? ociftek ;f jrifEh iS hf ocif
tke;f azwdYk wufa&mufonf/
The Encyclopaedia of Indian

National Congress Vol 12, 193946, New Delhi,S.Chand & Company Ltd,1981, P 543
{jyDv
16 {jyD 1940 ocifxeG ;f tky?f
187
ausmfNidrf;
ocifApdef wdkYArmtpnf;tHk;\
yOrtMudrfajrmuf nDvmcHudk
zsmyHkwGifusif;yonf/
arv
10 arv 1940 qm0ifpwefcsmcsD
(Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill)
onf t*FvefEikd if \
H 0efMuD;csKyf
tjzpffcefYtyfcH&onf/
History P 78
11-13 ar 1940 ocifu,
kd af wmf
rIdif;MuD;rSL;aom wdkYArmtpnf;t
H;k \ Edik if v
H ;kH qdik &f m yOrtMudrf
ajrmufnDvmcHudk om,m0wDjrdKU
wGif usi;f yonf/ nDvmcHwiG f wdYk
Armtpnf;tH;k tvkyt
f rIaqmif
rsm;tjzpf
Ou| ocifwifarmif
(yef;waemf)
'k-Ou| ocifvaS bmf
taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL; ocif
atmifqef;
aiGxed ;f ocifEk
awmifolv,form;bufqdkif&m
188
a&;&mrSL; ocifoef;xGe;f
tvkyform;bufqdkif&m
a&;&mrSL;
ocifp;kd
udk,fhrif;udk,fhcsif;bufqdkif&m
a&;&mrSL; ocifjr
0g'jzefYcsDa&;rSL; ocifav;armif
pnfHk;a&;rSL;
ocifvaS z (zsmyH)k
ocifcifatmiff
ocifoif (ZD;uke;f )
ArmhvufHk;wyfAdkvf ocifAom
vufHk;wyfwGJzuf ociftkef;az
(ajrmif;jr) wdYkukd a&G;aumuf wif
ajrmufonf/
[efwif jrefrmvGwfvyfa&;okdY-2?
&efuek ?f pde&f wemykEH ydS ?f 1977? pm 2022 aemifu;dk um;vQif [efwif jrefrmh
vGwv
f yfa&;okYd 2 [keT ;f rnf/
ar 1940 *syefMunf;wyfrS
Adv
k rf LS ;MuD; plZu
l ;D (Adv
k rf ;kd MudK;)
&efukefjrdKUodkY a&muf&Sdonf/
Aung San of Burma (Compiled
and Edited by Maung Maung)
The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff
1962 , P 55
ukv
JG rkid ;f
ZGefv
zGef 1940 rEav;jrdKUwGif usi;f y
onfh qif;&Jom;0HomEk uGezf &ifh
wGif a'gufwmbarmfu tmPm
&Sif 7 csuf rdeYfceG ;f ajymMum;onf/
Burma PP 91-95
Zlvdkifv
2 Zlvdkif 1940 jrefrmEkid if H bk&if
cH qmtmcsDabmaumhu&def;u
jrefrmEkid if \
H tkycf sKyfa&;ukd 'krd eD D
,Htqifhtwef;okdY a&mufatmif
aqmif&u
G af y;rnf[k
aMunm
onf/
ol&d,owif;pm twGJ 26 trSwf 99
3-7-40 pm 9
12 Zlvikd f 1940 ocifatmifqef;

tm;[oFmwpD&ifp?k ZvGejf rdKUwGif
1 ZGef 1940 jynfn
h tpd;k &t
MunfndKysufatmif w&m;a[mrI
jzifh [oFmw&mZ0wf0ef aZ;AD;
,m; (D.W Harrison Xavier) u &mZ
owfy'k rf 124 (u) tvd&k dS
aMumif;? ocifatmifqef;tm;
zrf;qD;ay;ol odYk r[kwf owif;
ay;olukd qkawmfaiG 5d^-usyf ay;

rnf [kaMunmcJo
h nf/
*syefEdkifiHqdkif&m jAdwdoQ
oHtrwfMuD; ua&;*sD (Sir Robert
Craigie) u wkwjf refrmvrf;rMuD;
udk aemufo;kH vtwGi;f ydwq
f Ykd
rnf[k *syefEikd if t
H pd;k & Edik if jH cm;
a&;0efMuD; t&dw (Hachiro Arita)
tm; taMumif;Mum;onf/
rpwmtk;d wwufqal eZkd *syefppftkyf

csKyfa&;acwf jrefrmEkid if H (rpwm tkEd ;dk
wk;d kjrefrmjyef) &efuek ?f ukrm&ykEH ydS f
1975? pm 59 aemifu;dk um;vQif *syef
ppftkyfcsKyfa&;acwf[k Te;f rnf/
OD;armifMuD; jrefrmEdkifiH
bk&ifcH\ twdkifyifcH 0efMuD;
&mxl; cefYtyfc&H onf/
M.A
18 Zlvikd f 1940 jAdwo

d Qtpd;k &u
wkwfjrefrmvrf;rMuD;udk pwif
ydwfay;onf/
Invader P 306
189
ausmfNidrf;
24 Zlvdkif 1940 ocifEk axmif

'PfwpfESpftjypfay;cH&onff/
*sme,fausmf? twGJ 6? trSwf 2? 277-40
26 Zlvikd f 1940 a'gufoed ;f armif

tm; tpd;k &u yk'rf 124 (u)t&
zrf;qD;onf/
pdu
k q
f &m0ef udu
k b
k Ek iS hf [mwm
ukrP
rD S rpwm[mwmwdYkukd zrf;
qD;onf/
ocifatmifqef; tm; zrf;qD;

rdefY xkwfxm;jcif;udk kyfodrf;
aMumif;
jyefMum;a&;XmerS
owif;&&Sdonf/
ol&d,owif;pm 2-8-40
31 Zlvdkif 1940 jrefrmjynfEikd if H

a&; &mZ0ifa&;om;jyKpkonfh az
bD,t
H zGYJ 'kw,
d Ou| OD;bcdik f
uG,fvGefonf/
ol&d,owif;pm 2-8-40
6 Mo*kwf 1940 Armhxu

G &f yf
*dkPf;\ acgif;aqmiffa'gufwm
barmf tzrf;cH&onf/
Burma P 97
Mo*kwfv
1 Mo*kwf 1940 *syefEikd if jH cm;a&;
Xmeawmiftm&SXmecGJrS rpwmtdk
ukr&k (Mr.Katsuzo Okumura) &efukef
jrdKUodYk a&muf&o
dS nf/
Invader P 307
2 Mo*kwf 1940 t*Fvyd t
f pd;k &u
&efukefjrdKU&Sd *syeftrsKd;om;rsm;
jzpfMuaom q&m0efqZl u
l ;D ? oGm;
190
8 Mo*kwf 1940 ocifatmifqef;

ESihf ocifvjS rdKif [dik v
f o
D abFmjzifh
wkwEf idk if H trGKd ifoYkd xGucf mG
onf/
ocifatmifqef; ]]ArmhvGwfvyfa&;
ta&;awmfy}Hk } Armhacwfowif;pm 18-43
jrefrmEkdifiHbk&ifcH
qmtmcsD
abma'gufuvyfaumhu&de;f jref
rmEdik if H a&wyfzUJG pnf;jcif;udk oGm;
ukv
JG rkid ;f
a&mufMunfhIonf/
23 Mo*kwf 1940 &efuek jf rdKU&Sd

*syefaumifppf0ef rpwmtuf (pf)
ul;*g;\ ae&mwGif bHak brS rp
wmuD,dk&SDzlultDumtm; cefYtyf
onf/
jynfxaJ &;0efMuD;csKyu
f
trsm;
jynfolwYdktusdK;udk axmuf
ocifatmifqef;tm; [oFmw
wGijf zpfymG ;aomtrIukd qufvuf
w&m;rpGjJ cif; jzpfonf[k ajzMum;
onf/
paee*g;eD twGJ 2? trSwf 13? 318-40? pm 2
a'gufwmbarmftm; axmif
'PfwpfESpftjypfay; rEav;
axmifoYdk ykYd onf/
Burma P 100/ 248
24 Mo*kwf 1940 ocifatmif

qef;ESihf ocifvjS rdKifwYkd wkwf
Edik if H trGKd ifoYkd a&muf&o
dS nf/
ta&;awmfykH} Armhacwfowif;pm 18-43
26 Mo*kwf 1940 jrefrmjynf

Oya'jyKvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;
usif;yonf/
*sme,fausmf? tkyw
f JG (6)? trSwf (5)
17-8-40?
28 Mo*kwf 1940 jrefrmEdkifiH

Oya'jyK atmuf v T w f a wmf
tpnf;ta0;wGif OD;OD;ausmfu
ocifatmifqef;tm; 0&rf;xkwf
xm;jcif;ESiphf yf vQO;f ar;jref;&m
29 Mo*kwf 1940 jrefrmEdik if H

Oya'jyKatmufvw
T af wmf tpnf;
ta0;wGif OD;babu OD;yk
OD;aqmifonfh tpd;k &tay: t,Hk
tMunfr&Sdtqdk wifoGif;onf/
30 Mo*kwf 1940 aqma*sat

armifMu;D txufvw
T af wmf Ou|
&mxl;&&Sdonf/
wkd;wufa&;*sme,f
atmufwb
dk m 1940
eHygwf 85?
191
ausmfNidrf;
pufwifb mv
7 pufwifb m 1940 OD;bab
wifoGif;onfh OD;yktpdk;&tay:
t,HktMunfr&Sd tqdkudkrJcGJ&m
axmufcrH J 81 rJ? uefYuu
G rf J 32
rJ&&Sdojzifh tqdktEdkif&jyD; OD;yk
nGefYaygif;tpdk;& jyKwfusonf/
B.L.P.H.R ;Vol VIII,No.11, 7-940, PP 638-640
wkd;wufa&;*sme,f
atmufwb
dk m 1940
paee*g;eD*sme,f twGJ 2? trSwf 15?

14-9-40? pm 31
The Civil list for Burma (Myanmar ;No.288, Simla,Goverment

of India press,1942,P 2,:hereafter
cited as CLB No 288
eHygwf 85?
9 pufwifb m 1940 *VKeOf ;D apm

OD;aqmifonfh nGefYaygif;tpdk;&
zGJYpnf;onf/
1/OD;apm
0efMuD;csKyf
opfawma&;ESifh ynma&;Xme
2/ qmay:xGe;f tcGeaf wmfXf me
o,f,yl Ykdaqmifa&;ESiu
hf se;f rma&;
Xme
4/ OD;at;
jynfxaJ &;Xme
5/ OD;boef; ul;oef;a&mif;0,f
a&; Xme
6/ apmazom w&m;a&;Xme
7/ OD;boD
b@ma&;Xme
(aemufyikd ;f tpd;k &tzGYJ twGi;f odYk
qmxGef;atmifausmf? ykodrfOD;b
192
tke;f ESihf rdwv

D m OD;b&ifwYkd yg0if
vmonf/)
B.L.P.H.R ;No.499, 23-6-41, P
1042
12 pufwifb m 1940 OD;apm

OD;aqmifonfh tpd;k & tay:t,Hk
tMunfr&Sd tqdkwifoGif;&ef
vTwaf wmf cGijhf yKonf/f
wkd;wufa&;*sme,f
atmufwb
dk m 1940
eHygwf 85?
17 pufwifb m 1940 vG,t

f w
d f
MuD;OD;bvIid u
f vuf&0dS efMuD;csKyf
rsm;tay: vGwaf wmfu t,Hk
tMunfr&SdtqdkwifoGif;&m o
abmwlol 42 OD;? uefYuu
G o
f l 69
OD;jzifh tqdk H;I edrjhf yD; OD;apmtpd;k &
tzGJqufvufwnfjrJonf/
paee*g;eD*sme,f twGJ 2? trSwf 16?
21-9-40? pm 16
ukv
JG rkid ;f
27 pufwifb m 1940 jrefrmEdik if H

Oya'jyK vTwaf wmf
txuf
atmufvTwfawmf ESpf&yfaygif;
tpnf;ta0;jyD;pD;onf/
*sme,fausmf twGJ 6? trSwf 12? 510-1940
atmufwdkb m 1940 a'gufwm

barmftm; rd;k ukwaf xmifoYkd ydYk
onf/
Burma P 430
ocifApdeo
f nf jrefrm-,d;k '
,m;e,fpyfESifh rdkif 40 tuGm
vrf;ab;&Sw
d J wpfwJ tdyaf ecdu
k f
pHkaxmufrsm;\ zrf;qD;jcif;cH&
onf/
atmufwb
kd mv
6 atmufwb
kd m 1940 a'gufwm
barmftm; &efukefaxmifodkY ydkY
onf/
Burma P 430
13 atmufwb
dk m 1940 ocifA
pdef ,d;k ',m;rSwpfqifh *syefEikd if H
oGm;a&muf&ef &efukefrS jrefrm
,d;k ',m; e,fpyfoYkd kyzf su
f
xGufcGmonf/
Apdef vGwfvyfa&;MudK;yrf;rI pm 100
18 atmufwdkb m 1940 wkwf

jrefrm vrf;rMuD;udk t*FvefEiS hf
*syef oabmwlncD sut
f & oH;k v
Mumydwx
f m;&mrS jyefvnfziG v
hf pS f
onf/
*syefppftkyfcsKyfa&;acwf pm 60
Apdef vGwfvyfa&;MudK;yrf;rI pm 100
ocifApdef tzrf;cH&jyD; 4 &uf

tMumwGif ocifxeG ;f tkyo
f nf
ocifatmifoef; (&Jabmf oH;k usyd f
0if Adv
k pf MuFm)tm; ,d;k ',m;Edik if H
apvTwf&efpDpOfonf/
ocifxeG ;f tkyf uREkfyfpGefYpm;cef; &ef

uke?f wkid ;f jynfjyKyEHk ydS w
f u
dk ?f 1943? pm
26 aemifukd;um;vQif ocifxeG ;f tkyf
uREkfyfpGefYpm;cef; [k Te;f rnf/
Ed0k ifb mv
12 Edk0ifb m 1940 ocifatmif
qef;ESihf ocifvjS rdKif *syefEikd if H
wdkusdKjrdKYodkY a&muf&Sdonf/
ta&;awmfykH} Armhacwfowif;pm 1193
8-43
ausmfNidrf;
'DZifb mv
27 'DZifb m 1940 &efuek w
f u
odkvfe,fajr wuodkvfor*t
aqmuftOD;a&SU Adv
k af tmifausmf
aMu;kyzf iG yfh u
JG si;f yonf/ ('kw,
d
urmppftwGif; Adkvfatmifausmf
aMu;kyf aysmufq;kH onf)
q,foef;owif;pm 29-12-40
1940 a&Tw*d akH pwDawmftaemuf

buftvHv
k rf;ESihf OD;0dpm&vrf;qHk
ae&mwGif OD;0dpm&txdrf;trSwf
aMu;kyfESifh ausmufwdkifpdkufxl
onf/
4
1
194
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Zefe0g&Dv
Zefe0g&D 1941 pufoal X;OD;oGif
(txufvw
T af wmftrwf? a&Tw*d Hk
apwDb@mawmfxed ;f ) qmbGUJ csD;
jrifhcH&onf/
owkd;oD&dok"rolaX;MuD; qmOD;oGif
\twKywd? &efukef? ok"r0wDykHESdyf?
1959? pm 97
azaz:0g&Dv
1 azaz:0g&D 1941 *syefppf;kH
csKyfrS wdu
k f u
kd u
f yG u
f
J Adv
k rf LS ;
MuD;plZu
l ;D OD;aqmifaom rDemrD
uD;uef;(Minami Kikan) (awmifydkif;
qdkif&mtzGJY) udkzGJYpnf;onf/
rDemrDtzGJUu *syefonf
jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&;twGuf vuf
eufypnf;rsm; ulnDaxmufyHh
rnf/ jrefrmhEidk if t
H wGi;f 0ifa&muf
vmMurnfh *syefwyfzGJUrsm;onf
jrefrmjynf awmifykdif;rS &efol
t<uif;tuserf sm;ukd okwo
f if&ef
om &nf&,
G af omaMumifh wyf
r[m wpfwyfrQom uefYowfap
vGTwfrnf/ jrefrmwpfEkdifiHvkH;\
ppfqifa&;ESihf tkycf sKyfa&;vkyif ef;
[lorQudk jrefrmhvw
G v
f yfa&;wyf
rawmfEiS hf rDemrDtzGUJ uom wm

0ef,laqmif&Gufrnf[k uwdjyKcJh
onf/
tdZrk ,
d wufpak ,m uRefawmfyg0ifcJh
aom rDemrDuu
D ef;? &efuek /f wuov
dk f
rsm;ykEH ydS ?f 1981? pm 25 aemifukd;um;
vQif rDemrDuDuef; [keT ;f rnf/
*syefppftkyfcsKyfa&;acwf pm 74-5
14 azaz:0g&D 1941 rDemrDtzGYJ\

ppfqifa&;trdeYf trSwf 1 ESihf 2
udk xkwjf yefonf/
rDemrDuDuef; pm 28-30
15 azaz:0g&D 1941 ocifatmif

qef;ESihf rpwmpktid d (Mr.Sygii)wdYk
&Te;f wif;rml; (Shunten Maru) ukef
oabFmjzifh *syefEikd if rH S jrefrmEdik f
iHoYkd xGucf mG onf/
rDemrDuDuef; pm 30-31
18 azazmf0g&D 1941 jrefrmjynf

Oya'jyKvTwfawmf (atmufvTwf
awmf) tpnf;ta0;usi;f y&m t
wdu
k t
f cHacgif;aqmiff OD;babu
OD;apm OD;aqmifonfh tpd;k &tay:
t,HktMunfr&Sd tqdkwifoGif;
onf/
*sme,fausmf twGJ 8? trSwf 7? 22195
2-41
ausmfNidrf;
rwfv
3 rwf 1941 ocifatmifqef;
&efukefjrdKUokdY a&muf&Sdonf/
ta&;awmfykH} Armhacwfowif;pm 18-43
5 rwf 1941 jrefrmEdik if w

H iG f oef;
acgif;pm&if;aumuf,o
l nf/oef;
acgifpm&if;t& jrefrmEdik if w
H iG f
vlO;D a& 16823798 OD; (atmuf
jrefrmEdik if w
H iG f vlO;D a& 8917
733 OD; ESihf txufjrefrmEdik if w
H iG f
7906265 OD;) &So
d nf/
Burma Hand Book 1941,P 6
rwf 1941 jynfolYta&;awmfykH
ygwDudk jynfwiG ;f tzGUJ ESihf ta0;
a&muftzGUJ [l ESpyf idk ;f cGjJ yD; jynf
wGi;f tzGUJ ukd ocifjr? ta0;a&muf
tzGJUukd ocifatmifqef;wkdYtm;
acgif;aqmif&ef owfrSwfonf/
jynfwGif;tzGJUonf tjrifhqkH;
tmPmykid t
f zGUJ jzpf ta0;a&muf
tzGUJ onf jynfwiG ;f tzGUJ \ vuf
atmufcjH zpfonf/ jynfwiG ;f tzGUJ
\ XmecsKyfwm0efcH trIaqmif
196
rsm;rSm
Ou|
ocifjr
twGi;f a&;rSL;
ocifcspf
ppfa&;XmeESifh pnf;kH;a&;XmerSL;
ocifAaqG
axmufvSef;a&;XmerSL;
OD;ausmjf ird ;f
0g'jzefYcsad &;rSL; e*g;eDO;D xGe;f a&T
(if;tzrf;cH&jyD;aemuf ocif
A[de;f ) wkYd jzpfonf/
a&Twl*sme,f twGJ 1? trSwf 3? 123-71? pm 5^35
10 rwf 1941 ocifatmifqef;

(AdkvfawZ)? ocifvSaz (Adkvf
vusfm)? ocifb*srf; (Adkvfv
a&mif)? ocifat;armif(Adkvfrdk;)?
ESihf udx
k eG ;f &Sed f (Adv
k &f efEikd )f wkYdyg
0ifonfh &JabmfoHk;usdyf yxr
okwf &Te;f wifrml; ukeo
f abFm
jzifh jrefrmEdik if rH S xGucf mG onf/
Akv
d rf if;acgif AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;ESifh
&Jab mfo;Hk usyd f &efuek /f csKad w;oHpmykH
ESyd /f 1968/ pm 19-21 aemifu;dk um;
vQif Akv
d rf if;acgif AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;
ESihf &Jab mfo;Hk usdyf [keT ;f rnf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
wdkYArmtpnf;tHk; EdkifiHvHk;
qdkif&m trIaqmifnDvmcHusif;y
onf/nDvmcHwiG f wdYk Armtpnf;
tH;k Ou| ocifwifarmif (yef;
waemf) tm; EIwx
f u
G af p ocif
jrtm; Ou|tjzpf wifajrm uf
onf/

Armhacwfowif;pm 24-4-43
14 rwf 1941 jrefrmEdik if v

H ;kH qdik f
&mawmifov
l ,form; tpnf;t
H;k Awvp 'kw,
d tBudraf jrmuf
nDvmcHudk yJcl;NrdKUwGif usif;y
onf/ Awvp Ou|tjzpf ocif
wif wifajrmufc&H onf/
{jyDv
13 {NyD 1941 &Jabmfo;kH usyd f 'kwd
,tokwfjzpfaom ocifpdk;(Adkvf
jrihfatmif)? ocifapmvGif(Adkvf
rif;acgif)? ocifoef;wif-2(Adv
k f
jr'if)? udak &T (Adv
k af usmaf Zm)? o
cifwifat; (Adkvfbkef;jrihf)? udk
atmifodef;(Adkvf&JxG#f)ESihf ocif
xGe;f a&T(Adv
k v
f if;,ke)f wdYk udik f rId m
l; (Kaisho Maru) oabFmjzihf
jrefrmEdkifiHrS xGufcGmonf/
Akv
d rf if;acgif AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef; ESifh
&Jab mfokH;usdyf pm 22-29
{NyD 1941 [kid ef efuRe;f wGif pef,

ppfynmoifwef;ausmif; zGifhvSpf
onf/
tkd;a0*sme,f trSwf 25? 15-8-69?

pm 25
rDemrDuDuef; pm 46
19 rwf 1941 jrefrmjynf Oya'

jyK atmufvw
T af wmfwiG f OD;apm
OD;aqmifonhf tpd;k &tay: t,Hk
tMunfr&Sd tqdrk cJ &JG m axmufcrH J
47rJ? uefYuu
G rf J 72rJ &&So
d jzihf
t,Ht
k Munfr&Sd tqdk ;HI edro
hf nf/
B.L.P.H.R ;Vol IX,No.18, 19-341, PP 1042-3
6 ar 1941 qm&,f*seD ,f a':ref

prpf jrefrmEdkifiHb k&ifcH &mxl;ukd
vufcHaqmif&Gufonf/
C.L.B ;No.1, 1946, P 1
arv
qmxGe;f atmifausmf b@ma&;

0efBuD; cefYtyfc&H onf/
C.L.B ;No.1, 1946, P 2
197
ausmfNidrf;
ar 1941
&JabmfoHk;usdyf
wwd,tokwfjzpfaom udkvS
armif (Adv
k af Z,s)? ocifpjH r (Akv
d f
awmufxed )f ? ocif cifarmifO;D
(Adv
k w
f m&m)wdYk ukq
d ikd rf ml; (Ko
-sei Maru) oabFmjzihf jrefrm
Edik if rH S xGucf mG onf/
vl0ifvx
l u
G u
f pd aqG;aEG;yGaJ tmif
jrifpGmNyD;qHk;onf/
tdEd,vl0ifvlxGufudp
Zlvkdifv
Akv
&Jab mfokH;usdyf pm 329
7 Zlvikd f 1941 ocifxeG ;f tkyf &ef

ukeq
f yd u
f rf;&Sd ud&k ,
d rk ml; (Kori
-yu Maru) oabFmay: wuf
a&mufonf/
ZGefv
ocifxeG ;f tkyf uREkfyfpGefYpm;cef; pm

53-65
18 ZGef 1941 &efuek Nf rdKU twGi;f

0efrsm;Hk; (,ck0efBuD;rsm;Hk;)
eef;&if;0ef OD;apmESifh qm*D&*f sm
&Seu
f mbmh*syf ikd f (Sir Girjashan
-ker Bajapai)
OD;aqmifonhf
tdE,
d ud,
k pf m;vS,t
f zGUJ wdYk jrefrm
Edik if o
H Ykd tdE,
d wdik ;f om;rsm; 0if
a&mufru
I kd aqG;aEG;onf/
f ESpaf ygif;wpf&mausmt
f wGi;f wpfMudrf
om ay:aygufvmaom tdE,
d vl0ifvl
xGuu
f pd M uD;ukd atmifjrifpmG aqmif&u
G f
vkdufaom jrefrmjynfeef;&if;0efMuD;
OD;apm? &efuek /f tpk;d &ykEH ydS /f 1941/
aemifu;dk um;vQif tdEd,vl0ifvlxGuf
udp [kTef;rnf/
28 ZGef 1941 jrefrmtpd;k &ESifh

tdEd,udk,fpm;vS,ftzGJU tdEd,
198
8 Zlvdkif 1941 &Jabmfo;kH usyd f

pwkwt
okwjf zpfaom ocifxeG ;f
tky?f ocifal rmif (Adv
k af e0if;)?
ocifpHvdIif(Akdvfatmif)? ocif
xGef;cif(AdkvfjrihfaqG)? ocifvS
(Adkvfrif;a&mif)? ocifoef;nGefY
(AkdvfZifa,mf)? ocifausmfpdef
(Adv
k rf ;kd ndK)? ocifarmifarmif(Adv
k f
OmP)? ocifaiG(Adv
k af pmatmif)?
ocifopf(Akdvfapmaemif)? ocif
xGe;f vGi(f Adv
k Af v)wdYk uk&d ,
d rk ml;
oabFmjzihf jrefrmEdik if rH S xGucf mG
onf/
ocifxeG ;f tkyf uREkfyfpGefYpm;cef; pm
72
ukv
JG rkid ;f
21 Zlvikd f 1941 eef;&if;0ef OD;apm

u tdEd,jrefrmvl0ifvlxGuf
oabmwlnDcsufudk owif;pm
q&mrsm;tm; zdwfac:jyoonf/
Collis, Last and First in Burma

P 35
24 Edk0ifb m 1941 rDemrDtzGYJukd

*syefMunf;wyf? awmifyikd ;f wyfr
awmf uGyu
f rJ aI tmufoYkd vGaJ jymif;
onf/
Colonel Suzuki, A Draft of Burma
Manoevre P 1, DSHRI EBR 46
pufwifb mv
23 pufwifb m 1941 eef;&if;0ef
*VKefOD;apmESihf twGif;0efOD;wif
xG#fwdkY jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&;ta&;
qdk&ef t*FvefEdkifiHodkY xGufcGm
onf/
a&Tjynfawmfowif;pm tcsyyf dk 28-941 pm 8
atmufwb
dk mv
10 atmufwb
kd m 1941 eef;&if;
0ef*VKefO;D apm t*FvefEikd if ?H vef
'efNrdKUodkY a&muf&Sdonf/
Maurice Collis, Last and First
in Burma (1941-48)London,
Faber & Faber Ltd. 1956, P 35
:hereafter cited as Collis, Last
and First in Burma
18 atmufwb
kd m 1941 NAw
d o
d Q
0efBuD;csKyf qm0ifpwefcsmcsDESihf
OD;apmawGUqHkaqG;aEG;onf/
Ek0d ifb mv
'DZifb mv
7 'DZifb m 1941 ykvq
J yd u
f rf;&Sd
tar&duef a&wyfpcef;udk *syef
avwyfu AHk;BuJwdkufcdkufonf/
P 35
8 'DZifb m 1941 *syefEikd if u
H
t*Fvef-tar&duef OD;aqmif
aom r[mrdwfwdkYtm; ppfaMu
nmonf/ ta&SUtm&SppfyGJBuD;
pwifonf/
Charles.A. Willoughby and John
Chamberlain MacArthur: 194151 Great Britain, The Windmill
Press 1956, P 12
199
ausmfNidrf;
ta&SUtm&SppfyMJG uD; pwifjzpf

yGm;pu *syefA[kpd pfO;D pD; XmecsKyf
onf tm&Sawmifykdif;ppfrsufESm
wyf r awmf ppf a oemywd c sKyf
AkdvfcsKyfMuD; aw&mOcsd (Field
Marshal Hisaichi Terauchi)tm;
tm&Sawmifykdif; ppfwkdufckdufa&;
umvtwGif; jrefrmEkdifiHawmif
ykdif;&dS &efolppfav,mOfuGif;rsm;
ukd wku
d cf u
dk o
f rd ;f yku
d &f efEiS hf ppf
tajctae tqifajyygu jrefrm
Ekid if o
H Ydk xk;d ppfqufvuf qifE&JT ef
ppfrdefYcsrSwfxm;onf/
9 'DZifb m 1941 *syeftrSwf 15

wyfrawmfppfaoemywd tD;'g;
(Lieut-General Shojiro Iida)
,dk;',m;EdkifiH befaumufokdY
a&muf&Sdonf/
11 'DZifb m 1941 *syefavwyf

u puFmyl&Sd NAdwdoQppfoabFm
rsm;jzpf o nh f a0vrif ; om;
(Prince of Wales)ESifh &Dyg;vf(pf)
(Repulse) oabFmESpfpif;udk
wkdufcdkuf ESpfjryfonf/
200
C.L.Suzberger World War II New

York, American, Heritage Press,
1985, P 26
*syefavwyfu xm;0,fav
,mOfysHuiG ;f ukd Ak;H usJ wku
d cf u
dk f
onf/
vlxOk ;D vS ppftwGif;Armjynf (y) pm

69
15 'DZifb m 1941 jrefrmjynf&dS

ppfwyfrsm;udk tdEd,ppfaoem
ywdcsKyfBuD; a0bJvf 18831950 (General Wavell) vuf
atmufoYkd a&TUajymif;onf/
P 292
21 'DZifb m 1941 *syefEikd if EH iS hf
xdik ;f Edik if H r[mrdwpf mcsKyf vuf
rSwf a&;xk;d onf/
F.C. Jones , Japan's New Order
in East Asia,New York, Toronto
1954, P 354
jAdwo
d Q Akv
d cf sKyMf uD; a0bJvf
&efukefNrdKUokdY a&muf&dSonf/
P 49
ukv
JG rkid ;f
23 'DZifb m 1941 rDemrDtzGUJ udk

*syeftrSwf 15 wyfrawmf\
vufatmufodkY vTJajymif;onf/
eHeuf 10 em&Dtcsed w
f iG f *syef
AkH;MuJav,mOf tpif; 60 ESifh
wku
d af v,mOf tpif; 30 ygaom
*syefavwyfu &efukefjrdKUukd
yxrqkH;tMudrf AkH;MuJwkdufckduf
onf/ vl 2000 cefYaoqk;H jyD;
2500 cefY 'Pf&m&onf/ *syef
av,mOfysH 11 pif;ukd t*Fvyd w
f Ydk
u ypfcsEkid cf o
hJ nf/
P 55

tvif; pm 343
23-24 'DZifb m 1941 NAw

d o
d Q
Adv
k cf sKyBf uD; a0bJvo
f nf csKu
H if;
(Chung King) jrdKUwGif wkwf
ppfolMuD; csefau&dSwf 18861975 (General Lissimo Chang
K'ai-Shek) ESihf awGUqHu
k m *syef
wyfwYkt
d m;
ckcH wdu
k cf u
kd &f ef
wkwfwyfrsm; jrefrmEdkifiHwGif;
0ifa&muf&efudp aqG;aEG;onf/

P 52
k cf sKyBf u;D a0
bJvf csKu
H if;rS jrefrmEdik if H tjyef
c&D; vrf;rSm; armfvNrdKif av
,mOfuGif;qif;oufonf/ xdkrS
&efuek f r*Fvm'Hak vqdyf a&muf
&Sdvmonf/
vlxOk ;D vS ppftwGif;Armjynf(y) pm
68
eHeuf 10 em&D 30 tcsed w

f iG f
*syef Ak;H MuJav,mOf tpif; 80
ESihf wku
d af v,mOftpif; 20 yg0if
aom *syefavwyfu &efuek Nf rdKU
udk 'kw,
d tBudrf AH;k BuJwu
kd cf u
kd f
onf/ vl 650 cefYao? 1700
cefY 'Pf&m&onf/ rD;avmifAkH;
rsm; MuJcsojzifh &efuek Nf rdKUtvkH
&yfuu
G f rD;avmifonf/

tvif; pm 343
27 'DZifb m 1941 xkid ;f Edik if b

H ef
aumufNrdKUwGif ArmhvGwfvyfa&;
wyf r awmf ( Burma Independence Army) zGUJ pnf;onf/
201
ausmfNidrf;
Akv
rawmfzGihfyGJ ppfa&;jytcrf;tem;
usif;yonf/
Adv
k cf sKyfBuD;[yfwef
Akv
&Jab mfokH;usdyf pm 201-206
(General
Hutton)tm; jrefrmjynfwyfrsm;
\ OD;pD;csKyftjzpf cefYtyfonf/
P 53
k cf sKyBf u;D a0
bJvt
f m; *smAm;uRe;f &Sd taemuf
awmifypdzdwfa'o r[mrdwf
wyfrsm;\ ppfaoemywdtjzpf
cefYtyfonf/ a0bJvo
f nf jref
rmjynf&dS ppfwyfrsm;udv
k nf; tkyf
csKyf&onf/
P 61
30 'DZifb m 1941 xdik ;f Edik if H bef
aumufNrdKUwGif &JabmfoHk;usdyf0iff
rsm; 'kw,
d tBudrf uwdopmcH,l
aoG;aomufyJG usi;f yonf/
Akv
31 'DZifb m 1941 xkid ;f Edik if b

H ef
aumufNrdKU Armhvw
G v
f yfa&;wyf
202
ukv
JG rkid ;f
Zefe0g&D
1 Zefe0g&D 1942 jrefrmynm&Sd
arSmfbDq&modef; arSmfyDNrdKUwGif
uG,fvGefonf/
1
9
4
2
t*Fvyd t
f pk;d &u ocifatmif
qef;tm; NAdwdoQ&efolawmfpm
&if ; Burma List trSwfpOf
5tjzpf aMujimonf/
jrefrmEdik if &H dS bk&ifah vwyftyk f

csKyfru
I kd uywed rf if;eif; (Captain Manning) xHrS avaMumif;
'kw,
d Akv
d cf sKyBf uD;pwDAifqif(D.F
Stevenson) vTaJ jymif;,lonf/
2 Zefe0g&D 1942 ume,f[&d m

,mr OD;pD;onhf Adv
k &f efEikd ?f Adv
k f
rif;acgif? Adv
k af wmufwed w
f Ykd yg
0ifaom a&aMumif;csDwyfzGJUonf
befaumufNrdKUrS pwifcsDwuf
onf/
8 Zefe0g&D 1942 *syefwyfrawmf
'kw,
d Adv
k cf sKyfBuD; um0g&SrD m;ESifh
AkdvfvusfmBuD;rSL;onhf xm;0,f
ppfaMumif; befaumufNrdKUrS pwif
203
ausmfNidrf;
csDwufonf/
11 Zefe0g&D 1942 Adv
k rf ;kd BudK;?
AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;wdkY OD;pD;onhf
Armhvw
G v
f yfa&; wyfrawmf ppf
XmecsKyfESihfarmfvNrdKifppfaMumif;
onf befaumufNrdKUrS &[dik ;f NrdKU
odkYxGufcGmonf/
Edik if H [dik 0f gNrdKUwGif NAdwo

d Qtpd;k &
u zrf;qD;onf/ (*VKefOD;apm
onf tar&duefrS Oa&mywdu
k u
f kd
jzwf jrefrmEdkifiHtjyefc&D;wGif
ay:wl*ED ikd if H vpbeG ;f NrdKUta&muf
*syefESihfvQKdU0SufqufoG,fjcif;
aMumifh jzpfonf/

k af e0if;tm;
jynfwGif;olykefwyfzGJUudk acgif;
aqmifum jrefrmEdkifiHwGif;0if
a&muf awmfveS af &;vkyif ef;rsm;
aqmif&u
G &f eftrdeYf xw
k jf yefonf/
19 Zefe0g&D 1942 *syeftrSwf

55 wyfrvufatmuf&Sd tdkuD
(Oki) wyf&if;u xm;0,fNrdKUudk
odrf;ydkufonf/
14 Zefe0g&D 1942 tdE,

d tvkyf
orm; wpfaomif;ausmf jynfvrf;
twdkif; tdEd,EdkifiHodkY xGufcGm
onf/
k af e0if;
acgif;aqmifonhf jynfwiG ;f olyek f
wyfzUJG onf &[dik ;f rSwqihf xdik ;f
jrefrme,fpyf&Sd omaqmif&rff;udk
jzwf jrefrmEdik if w
H iG ;f 0ifaf &muf
onf/
18 Zefe0g&D 1942 jrefrmEdik if eH ef;
&if;0ef OD;apmtm; ygvufpwdik ;f
204
20 Zefe0g&D 1942 eef;&if;0ef

qmay:xGe;f OD; aqmifaom tpd;k &
zGUJ pnf;NyD; aMumif; jrefrmha&'D,rdk S
aMujimonf/
tpdk;&tzGJU0ifrsm;rSm
qmay:xGef; eef;&if;0ef
OD;at;
jynfxJa&;ESihf jynfwGif;vHkNcHKa&;
Xme
OD;om,m0wDarmifarmif
o,f,yl Ykdaqmifa&;ESiv
fh rf;yef;Xme
OD;btkef;
ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;Xme
OD;apmazom
w&m;Xme (26.5.42 uG,v
f eG )f
ukv
JG rkid ;f
OD;b&if
ynma&;ESihfusef;rma&;Xme
OD;xGef;atmifausmf
b@ma&;ESihftcGefawmfXme
OD;tdef
opfawma&;0efBuD;csKyf
oQvufatmufrS vGwaf jrmufap

&efjzpfaMumif; jrefrmjynfolwdkY
arQmfvihfawmihfwaeonhf vGwf
vyfa&;udk &atmifulnDrnfjzpff
aMumif; yg&So
d nf/
*syeftrSwf
28 Zefe0g&D 1942 befaumufNrKd U

&Sd *syeftrSwf 15 wyfrawmf ppf
OD;pD;csKyfHk;wGif tkyfcsKyffa&;Xme
(XmerSL;BuD; Akv
d rf LS ;BuD;emumwm
u ) udk zGUJ pnf; jrefrmEdik if w
H iG f
ppftkyfcsKyfa&; pwif&ef pDpOf
onf/

wyfr55u aumhu&dwNf rdKUudo
k rd ;f
ydkufonf/

55 wyfru armfvNrdKiu
f kd odr;f
ydkufonf/ armfvNrdKifwdkufyGJwGif
NAdwo
d QtrSwf 2 wyfzUJG u 619OD;
usqHk;onf/
*syefwyfu
aumhu&dwaf wmiff
Mum;wGif wyfpx
JG m;onhf NAdwo
d Q
trS w f
16td E d w yf r [m
armfvNrdKif odYk qkwcf mG &onf/
55 wyfr ,k;d ',m;
jrefrme,fpyfukd jzwfausm
f csD
wufonf/
*syeftrSwf
55wyfr\ aoem
ywd';D 'g;u yxrqH;k tBudrf aMu
nmcsufxkwfjyefonf/ xkdaMu
nmcsufwGif *syefvufeufudkif
wyfzUJG rsm; jrefrmEdik if w
H iG ;f csw
D uf
0ifa&mufvmonhf &nf&G,fcsuf
rSm NAdwo
d Qe,fcsJUudk jrefrmajrrS
armif;xkw
f jrefrmhjynfukd NAdwd
31 Zefe0g&D 1942 NAdwo

d QtrSwf
48 tdE,
d wyfr[m &efuek af &muf
&Sdvmonf/
azaz:0g&D
2 azazmf0g&D 1942 jynfw
f iG ;f ol
ykefwyfzGJUacgif;aqmifAkdvfae0if;
205
ausmfNidrf;
&efukefNrdKUokdY a&mufonf/
4 azazmf0g&D 1942 *syeftrSwf
33wyfru bm;tHNhH rdKUudk odr;f ydu
k f
onf/
5 azazmf0g&D 1942 Akv
d cf sKyfBuD;
a0bJvf *smAm;uRef;rS &efukef
NrdKUodYk 'kw,
d tBudraf &muf&dS vm
onf/
d cf sKyfBuD;
a0bJvo
f nf rkwr &Sd NAdwo
d Qwyf
rsm;udk ppfaq;MunhfIonf/
8 azazmf0g&D 1942 jrefrmEdik if H
bk&ifcH qma':refprpfu wdik ;f
jynfodkY toHvTihfaMujimonf/
9 azazmf0g&D 1942 tm&Sawmif
ydkif;wyfrawmffonf trSwf 15
wyfrtm;
1/ &efolwdkYudk qufvufwdkuf
cdu
k
f &efuek Nf rdKUodYk wpfO;D ap?
2/ jzpfEikd yf gu tnma'owGif
wyfcsNyD; rEav;ESiafh &eH acsmif;
wdkYtm;ap
[kppfrdefYcsrSwfonf/
206
jrefrmEdkifiHbk&ifcH qma':ref
prpfu wdkYArmtpnf;tHk;udk
rw&m;toif;rsm; tufOya'
tydik ;f 2 t& rw&m;toif;tjzpf
aMunmonf/
NAdwdoQwyfrsm; oHvGifjrpfrS
qkwfcGmonff/
10 azazmf0g&D 1942 *syefwyfrsm;

rkwrNrdKUudk odrf;ydkufonf/
Oya'jyKatmufvw
T af wmf tpnf;
ta0;usif;yonf/
14 azazmf0g&D 1942 NAw
d o
d Qwyf
rsm; oxHak &muf&o
dS nf/
16 azazmf0g&D 1942 *syeftxuf
atmufvTwfawmf ESpf&yfaygif;t
xl;tpnf;ta0; *syefeef;&if;0ef
BuD; *sief &,f[ad ';uDw*kd sKu
d jref
rmjynfEiS pfh yfvsO;f *syefppfonf
awmfrsm;onf jrefrmEdkifiHtwGif;
odYk csOf;eif;0ifa&muf wdu
k cf u
kd f
vsu&f MdS u&m ta&;BuD;aomae&m
ukv
JG rkid ;f
rsm;udk qufcgqufcg &&Sad Mumif;

jrefrmEdkifiHawmfodkY 0ifa&mufMu
&mwGif *syefwdkY\wuJhpdwf&if;
xm;rSm csdefau&Sdwftpdk;&xHodkY
NAdwo
d QEiS fh tar&duefwYkdu tul
tnDtaxmuftyHh ray;Edik af tmif
vrf;ydwfbdkYESihf NAdwdoQppfpcef;
rsm;udk acsrIef;ypfbdkY&efomjzpf
jrefrmvlrsKd;wdkYtm; vHk;0&efrlvdk
pdwfr&SdaMumif;/
odYk jzpf NAdwo
d Qtjzpfo
epftrSeu
f kd jrefrmvlrsK;d wkYd od&MdS u
NyD; *syefppfonfawmfrsm;ESifh yl;
aygif;um NAdwo
d QwYkd\ uReo
f
ayguftjzpfrS vGwaf jrmufzYdk BudK;
pm;MuygvQif jrefrmvlrsKd;wdYk vdk
vm;awmihaf eMuonht
f wdik ;f jref
rmEdkifiHonf jreffrmvlrsKd;wdkYtzdkY
jzpfatmif*syefu 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;
ompGm ulnDaqmif&Gufrnfjzpf
aMumif;/
17 azazmf0g&D 1942 *syefwyfu
bDvif;&Sd NAdwo
d QtrSwf 17tdE,
d
wyfr[mudk wku
d cf u
kd o
f nf/
jrefrmEdi
k if H
Oya'jyKatmufvw
T f
awmftpnf;ta0;wGif jynfxaJ &;
0efBuD;OD;at;u NrdKUapmihfwyf
(Home Guard) zGUJ pnf;&ef tqdk
wifonf/
d cf sKyBf uD;
[wfwefu
f ar*sm*sife&,fprku
d f
(Major General J.G Smyth)
uGuu
f o
J nhf trSwf 17 tdE,
d
wyfr[mtm; ppfawmif;jrpfudk
qkwcf mG vm&efEiS fh tcsderf qdik ;f bJ
ppfawmif;wHwm;udk jzwfu;l vm;
&ef trdeYf ay;onf/
rEav;NrdKUudk *syefavwyfu
yxrqHk;tBudrf AHk;BuJwdkufcdkuf
onff/
20 azazmf0g&D 1942 NAdwo

d QNrdKU
apmifw
h yfu &efuek Nf rdKUol NrdKUom;
tm;vH;k 48em&DtwGi;f xGucf mG
oGm;&ef yxrowday;csufudk
xkwfjyefonf/
AEKvOD;pdef tusOf;axmifrS
vGwfvmonf/
207
ausmfNidrf;
22 azazmf0g&D 1942 *syeftrSwf

33wyfrawmfppfawmiff;jrpfvrf;
a&muf&SdpOf *syeftrSwf55wyfr
usKdufxdkNrdKUudk odrf;ydkufonf/
qmay:xGe;f
tpd;k &u umuG,f

a&;Oya't& tzrf;cHae&onhf
jrefrmjynfnn
D w
G af &;tzGUJ acgif;
aqmifO;D bazudk vTw&f eftrdeYf cs
onf/
*syefavwyfu
arNrdKUudk AH;k BuJ
wdkufcdkufonff/
23 azazmf0g&D 1942 ppfawmif;wH
wm;udk NAdwo
d Qwyfu 'dik ef rkid ;f
jzihf azmufcGJcsKd;ypfonff/
bk&ifcq
H ma':refprpfu t*Fvef
0efBuD;csKyfcsmcsDxrH S ppfawmif;wH
wm;usq;kH aMumif;? &efuek u
f kd um
uG,f&ef ,cifuppfulydkYrnfqdk
onh f MopaMw;vD , H w yf r sm;
vTwEf ikd ?f rvTwEf ikd f odvakd Mumif;
aMu;eef;dkufonf/
t*Fvef0efBuD;csKyf csmcsD
u MopaMw;vD,'H 0D Zd wyfukd ppf
208
ulydkY&ef awmif;qdkcJhaomfvnf;
jiif;y,fojzihf rydYkEikd af wmhaMumif;
tjcm;ppfaf jrjyif&f dS t*Fvyd w
f yfrsm;
udv
k nf; tcsed rf aD &mufatmif rydYk
EdkifaMumif; odkY&mwGif vlwpf
a,mufawmh vTwv
f u
dk Nf yD[k t
aMumif;jyefonf/
csmcsDvw
T v
f u
kd o
f nhf vl
rSm Oa&myppfajrjyif'ef;uyfrS NAd
wdoQwyfrsm; atmifjrifpGmqkwf
cGma&;tpDtpOfudk aqmif&GufcJh
onhf tvufZEm; (aemif NAw
d o
d Q
umuG,fa&;0efBuD;) jzpfonf/
25 azazmf0g&D 1942 jrefrmEdik if rH S
qkwfcGmvsuf&Sdonhf NAdwdoQppf
wyfonf u,ef;NrdKUe,f usLwl
aus;&GmrS tjypfrJh&Gmom; 27OD;
tm; tpkvu
kd f tNyHKvu
kd f owf
jzwfonf/
26 azazmf0g&D 1942 &Jabmfo;kH
usdy0f if Adv
k af pmatmif a&Tusif
wku
d yf w
JG iG f usqH;k onf/
d cf sKyBf uD;
a0bJvo
f nf tdE,
d ppfaoemywd
csKyf xyfrHjzpfvmjyefonf/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
28 azazmf0g&D 1942 NAdwo

d QNrdKU
apmihw
f yfu &efuek Nf rdKUol NrdKUom;
tm;vH;k &efuek Nf rdKUrS csucf si;f
xGufcGm&ef xkwfjyef aMunm
onf/
28 azazmf0g&D 1942 &Jabmfo;kH
usdyf0if Adkvfrif;acgifOD;pD;onfh
a&aMumif;csDwyfzUJG 0ifrsm; &efuek f
jrpf0 t*Fvdyfa&wyfwdkufav
,Ofrsm;\ tzrf;cH&onf/
[wfwefwdkYonf &effukefodkYav
,mOfjzihf vnf;aumif; xGucf mG
onf/
2 rwf 1942 qma':refprpf ar
NrdKUodYk a&muf&o
dS nf/
3 rwf 1942 tar&duefppfAv
kd f
csKyfBuD; pwD;0Jvf vm;d;I odYk av
,mOfjzifh a&muf&o
dS nf/
&efue
k af xmiftwGi;f
rwfv
1 rwf 1942 &efuek w
f w
H m;av;
pdwZaq;HkzGihfum pdwZa0'em
&Sirf sm;udk vTwyf pfonf/
jrefrmEdkifiHbk&ifcH qma':ref
prpfEiS fh tpd;k &tzGUJ 0if 0efBuD;rsm;
&efuek Nf rdKUrS xGucf mG onf/ a':ref
prpfonf a0bJvfESihfawGUqHk&ef
rauG;NrdKUokdY av,mOfjzihfoGm;
a&mufonf/ rauG;wGif a0bJvf
a':refprpf? Adv
k cf sKyf[wfwefEiS fh
avaMumif;'kAdkvfcsKyfpwDAifwdkY
aqG;aEG;yGu
J sif;yonf/ aqG;aEG;yGJ
tNyD; a':refprpfonf arNrdKUodYk
um;jzihv
f nf;aumif;? a0bJvEf iS hf
tzrf;cHae
&onhf Adv
k rf if;acgifEiS afh &aMumif;
wyfzGJU0ifrsm; wlwpfvufjzihf
axmifazmufxu
G Nf yD; vGwaf jrmuf
vmonf/
4 rwf 1942 Adv
k cf sKyBf uD;a0bJvf
ESihf tvufZEm;umvuwm;av
,mOfuiG ;f wGif aqG;aEG;onf/ a0
bJvu
f tvufZEm;tm; ppfa&;
tajctaersm;udk &Si;f jyum &ef
ukeu
f kd wwfEikd o
f rQ xde;f odr;f
xm;&ef ajymMum;onf/ tvuf
ZEm; umvuwm;rS rauG;NrdKUokYd
av,mOfjzihf a&muf&Sdonf/
209
ausmfNidrf;
5 rwf 1942 trSwf 15wyfr

awmf Akv
d cf sKyft;D 'g;u &efuek Nf rdKU
udk wdu
k cf u
kd o
f rd ;f ,l&ef trdeYf cs
rSwfonf/
tvufZEm;onf 'kwd,Akdvf
csKyfBuD; [wfwefxrH S jrefrmjynf
ppfajrjyif wyfrI;&mxl;udk vTJ
ajymif;& ,lonf/ [wfwefonf
ppfa&;csKyf&mxl;ajymif;a&TUwm0ef
,lonf/
NAdwo
d QtrSwf 63tdE,
d wyf
r[m &efuek Nf rdKUodYk a&muf&v
dS m
onff/
6 rwf 1942 cseaf u&Sw

d Ef iS fh pwD;
0JvfaqG;aEG; jrefrmjynfwGif;&Sd
wkww
f yfrsm;udk pwD;0Jvu
f yG u
f J
&ef oabmwlonf/
*syefwyfrsm;
yJc;l ESiv
fh n
S ;f ul;t
Mum;&Sd vrf;rBuD;udk ydwq
f Ykdonf/
7 rwf 1942 *syeftrSw3f 3wyfr
onf naeae0ifonfEiS fh wNydKuf
euf &efuek Nf rdKUudk axmufavQmuf
xdk;ppfqifEGJonf/
210
um0g;eDrmwyfzGJUonf
NAdwdoQ
wyfzGJUrsm;udk acsrIef;NyD; awmif
bufoYkd qufvufcsDwufonf/
tm&S a wmf y d k i f ; wyf r awmf
ppfaoemywdcsKyf aw&mOcdo
k nf
trSwf 15wyfrawmftm;
(1) ZJaG umif; owda umif;aom
ppfqifa&;udk qifETJ rEav;
buf&dS &efow
l Ykd ukd txl;ojzihf
wkwfwyfzJGUrsm;udk wdkawmif;
aom umvtwGi;f wGif wku
d cf u
kd f
acs rIe;f ap? ppfqifa&;udk ar
vukefwGif NyD;pD;atmifjrifEdkif&ef
BudK;yrf;tm;xkwfap/
(2) ppfqifa&;udk qifE&GJ m
wyfurl sm;
a&muf&v
dS mrnfukd
rapmih&f / &efuek w
f iG f wdu
k cf u
kd f
a&;pDpOfrrI sm; NyD;pD;vQif NyD;pD;csi;f
rEav;buf&dS &efow
l Ykdukd wdu
k f
cdkufokwfoifap/
(3) xdktawmtwGif;wGif a&eH
acsmif;w0dkuf&Sd a&eHwGif;rsm;udk
od r f ; ,l a p/ wcsd e f w nf ; yif
ykodrfNrdKUudkvnf; odrf;,lap/
tcGiafh umif;&vQif ppfawG av
,mOfuGif;udkodrf;,lap/
ukv
JG rkid ;f
NAdwdoQAkdvfcsKyf
tvZEm;OD;pD;
onhf NAdwo
d Qwyfrsm; &efuek Nf rdKU
udk pGeYf cmG onf/ NAdwo
d Qwyfrsm;
jynfvrf;twdik ;f qkwcf mG &m vrf;
ydwq
f Ykd xm;onfh *syefwyfrsm;ESihf
wdu
k f yGjJ yifxef;pGm jzpfymG ;onf/f
oHvQif
a&eHcsupf ufu
kH kd NAdwd
oQwdkYu azmufcGJzsufqD;onf/
8 rwff 1942 *syeftrSwf 215ajc
vsifwyfrBuD;ESihf ArmhvGwfvyf
a&; wyfrawmfwYkd eHeuf 10em&D
wGif &efuek Nf rdKUudk odr;f ydu
k o
f nf/
211

Myanmar Historical Dateline 1886-1942

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Myanmar Historical Dateline 1886-1942

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ukv

cHcsKyf avmh'zf &if(Lord Dufferin)

jrefrmvTwaf wmfu jrefrmbk&if

6 Zefe0g&D 1886 txufjrefrm

Zefe0g&D? 1886 yk*pH &D ifpk ta&SU

Burma and Shan State PI .Vol I,

1884-5 by the Marquis of dufferin

jrifpidk ;f rif;om;\ wyfrsm;u

12 azaz:0g&D 1886 tdE,

15 azaz:0g&D 1886 rif;bl;

21 azaz:0g&D 1886 Ak'b

a&TusifjrdKUwGif OD;MumnGeYf ? a':

ykord pf &D ifpw

23 azaz:0g&D 1886 avmh'yfz

26 azaz:0g&D 1886 txuf

7 rwf 1886 oDaygrif;ESihf pkz&k m;

W.S Desai Deposed King Thibaw

10 rwf 1886 awmifial 'o

31 rwf 1886 NAdwo

Colonel H.M Vibart The Life of

{NyD? 1886 rif;wyfoBl u;D Adv

13 Mo*kwf 1886 jrif;pkid ;f rif;

25 pufwifb m 1886 qmcsm;

12 Ed0k ifb m 1886 NAw

1 Zefe0g&D 1887 Munfjh rifwidk f

3 Zefe0g&D 1887 ume,fpwuff

18 Zefe0g&D 1887 rEav;NrdKU

Zefe0g&D 1887 &Sr;f jynfawmif

2/ Cocks Burma under British

28 rwf 1887 qmcsm;vf(pf) u

3 Zefe0g&D 1888 csi;f jynfe,f

21 Zefe0g&D 1888 rd;k aumif;NrdKU

3 rwf 1888 ta&SUu&ifeeD ,f

orm;rsm;u rk;d aumif;NrdKUukd wku

1 Zefe0g&D 1889 jrefrmwdik ;f &if;

1 rwf 1889 awmifirl Eav;

29 Zefe0g&D 1889 &Sr;f jynf

ar 1889 rauG;e,fwiG f Ak'& mZm

2/ Crosthwaite The Pacification

jrefrmEdik if H vma&muf vnfywf

K.C.I.E A Civil Servent in

19 rwf 1890 r[m0ef&iS af wmf

&efuek /f pmayAdrmefyEHk ydS /f 1978/ pm

2/ Who's Who in Burma,1961,

20 Edk0iffb m 1890 rif;avmif;

2/ Report of the Administration

13 'DZiffb m 1890 t*FvefEikd if H

ol & d , owif ; pm/ 4-7-36/ 25

&efuek Nf rdKUwGif twGi;f 0efrf sm;

goon , American Baptist Mission

2 Zefe0g&D 1891 a'gufwm ode;f

26 Edk0ifb m 1891 &Sr;f jynfe,f

2/ tNidr;f pm;oHtrwfMuD; OD;oufxeG ;f

1891 a&TcsK;d jzLrif;om;tm; NAdwd

2 ar 1892 prDwef(Mr. Donald

William Richard Fryer K.C.S.I,

0efBuD;csKyf&mxl;ukd vufcaH qmif

1892 tpk;d &tdraf wmf pwif

{NyD 1893 csi;f awmifwef;&Sd uyf

Zefe0g&D 1894 t,fv*si;f (Earl

3 rwf 1894 dUk pfbm&D(Earl of

3 ar 1894 tvufZEm ruiZf D

(Mr. Fowler)xH vufeufcsonf/

31 ZE0g&D 1895 r[m0ef&iS f