Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (English Edition, Vol 23, No 2, Feb 2002)

Published by Shanghai University, Shanghai, China

Article ID: 0253-4827(2002)02-0138-08

A T H E O R E T I C A L S O L U T I O N OF C Y L I N D R I C A L S H E L L S FOR A X I S Y M M E T R I C P L A I N S T R A I N ELASTODYNAMIC PROBLEMS ~

DING Hao-jiang ( T ~n ~Z ) 1, WANG Hui- ming ( _~ !~ N ) 2, CHEN Wei- qiu ( ~ ~ ~ ) 1 ~ (1. Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P R China; 2. Department of Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P R China) (Contributed by DING Hao-jiang) Abstract

The one-dimensional problem of for the transient a rigid flying plate under explosive prob- has Abstract: A method is developed the motion of responses of axisymmetric plain strain attack an analytic of cylindrical shells subjected to dynamic loads. Firstly, a special function equals to three. In lems solution only when the polytropic index of detonation products was introduced general, a numerical analysis is required. In this paper, however, by utilizing the "weak" shock r,o transform the inhomogeneous boundary conditions into the homogeneous ones. Secondly, usbehavior of the reflection shock in the explosive products, and applying the small parameter puring the nwthod of separation of variables, the quanttty that the displacement subtracts the special terbation method, an analytic, first-order approximate solution is obtained for the problem of flying function various high explosives with polytropic indices other and but nearly equal to plate driven by was expanded as the multiplication series of Bassel functions than time functions. Then three. by virtue of flying plate properties of Bessel functions, the equatton results by to the r,inw Final velocities of the orthogonal obtained agree very well with numerical with respect computers. Thus variable was derived, of parameters of is easily obtained. detonation velocity and polytropic an analytic formula with twowhich the solutionhigh explosive (i.e. The displacement solution was finally obtained of the velocity parts mentioned established. index) for estimation by adding the twoof flying plate isabove. The present method can avoid the integral transform and is fit for arbitrary loads. Numerical results are presented for internally shocked isotropic and cylindrically isotropic cylindrical shells and externally shocked cylinders, 1. Introduction as well as for an externally shocked, cylindrically isotroptc cylindrical shell that is fixed,at the internal driven Explosivesu~ace. flying-plate technique ffmds its important use in the study of behavior of materials under intense impulsive loading, shock synthesis of diamonds, and explosive welding and Key words: axisymmetric plain strain problem: special function; integral transform: cylincladding of metals. The method of estimation of flyor velocity and the way of raising it are questions drically isotropic of common interest. CLC the assumptions of one-dimensional code : detonation and rigid flying plate, the normal number: 0343.8 Document plane A Under approach of solving the problem of motion of flyor is to solve the following system of equations governing the flow field of detonation products behind the flyor (Fig. I):

Introduction

The analysis for dynamic problem of elastic bodies=o, been studied tor many years. Based --ff +u_~_xp+ au has ap on the momentless thin shell theory, Huth and Cole [1] studied the stress wave in a spherical shell 1 produced by pressure loads in 1955. au Mcivorau discussed the flexural stress and membrane stress [2]

=0,

in an elastic cylindrical shell under an arbitrary impulsive pressure distribution in 1966. (i.0 Baker et al. [3] further obtained the elastic response for =o, axisymmetric problem of a spherical shell to blast a--T loading. Using the method of characteristics, the dynamic responses of cylindrical and spherical shells were presented in Refs. [ 4, 5 ]. By means of the finite Hankel transform and Laplace transform, Cinelli pressure, density, specific entropy and of cylindrical and spherical shells. where p, p, S, u are[6] obtained the theoretical solutions particle velocity of detonation products respectively, with the trajectory R of reflected shock of detonation wave D as a boundary and the trajectory F of flyor as another boundary. Both are unknown; the position of R and the state paraReceived date : by the flow field I date : 2001-09-18 meters on it are governed2000-02-08 ; Revisedof central rarefaction wave behind the detonation wave D and by initial stage of motion of flyor also; the position of F and the state parameters of products Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10172075) Biography: DING Hao-jiang ( 1 9 3 4 - ) , Professor 138
293

aS

as

=p(p, s),

Elastodynami9 Solution of Cylindrical Shells

139

WANG[7, 8] studied the stress responses of isotropic cylindrical shells and orthotropic discs shocked at the inner surface. The dynamic stress concentration phenomenon was also discussed in Ref. [ 91 when a finite solid cylinder is shocked at the outer surface. In this paper, a method is developed for the transient response of axisymmetric plain strain problem of cylindrical shells subjected to dynamic loads. Firstly, a special function is introduced to transform the inhomogeneous boundary conditions into the homogeneous ones. Secondly, the quantity that the displacement subtracts the special function is expanded in terms of the multiplication series of Bessel functions and time functions by using the method of separation of variables. Then the equation with respect to time is derived by virtue of the orthogonal properties of Bessel functions. It is easy to obtain the solution of the time equation. In particular, the initial conditions are used to determinate the associated coefficients. Finally, the displacement solution

Abstract is obtained by adding the two parts that have been obtained. It can avoid the integral transform
and is suitable for arbitrary loads by using this method. Numerical results are presented and some The one-dimensional problem of the motion of a rigid flying plate under explosive attack has conclusions are given. an analytic solution only when the polytropic index of detonation products equals to three. In

general, a numerical analysis is required. In this paper, however, by utilizing the "weak" shock 1 M a t h e m a t i c a l Formulation of the P r o b l e m behavior of the reflection shock in the explosive products, and applying the small parameter purterbation cylindrical coordinatesfirst-order) ,approximate solution isproblem of a the problem of flying In method, an analytic, ( r, 0, z for the axisymmetric obtained for cylindrically isotropic plate driven bywe have high =explosives= with( r , z , t ) various uo nearly a further plain cylinder [m] , O, ur U r polytropic indices otherr ,than. but If it is equal to three. and Uz = u ~ ( z , t ) Final velocities of flying plate obtained agree very well with numerical results by computers. Thus strain problem, we get two uz = 0 and Ur Ur ( r , . In this case, the strain-displacement an analytic formula with uo = parameters of high= explosivet )(i.e. detonation velocity and polytropic relations estimation of the velocity of flying plate is established. index) for are
0 Ur

7rr

--

Or

'

7oo

1.

Ur r '

Introduction

7zz

7zr

7tO

70z

= O.

(1)

The stress strain relations are

Explosive driven flying-plate technique ffmds its important use in the study of behavior of ~rr = C l i 7rr -}" C12 700 , materials under intense impulsive loading, shock synthesis of diamonds, and explosive welding and (~00 = of 7rr "1- C22 700 , cladding of metals. The method of estimation C12 flyor velocity and the way of raising it are questions of common interest. (2) O'zz = C12 7rr q- Ca3 700 , Under the assumptions of one-dimensional plane detonation and rigid flying plate, the normal where cij ( i j = I 3) problem of motion approach of, solving , the are elastic constants.ofThe equationsolve the following system of equations flyor is to of motion is governing the flow field of detonation products behind the flyor (Fig. I): Orr Grr -- ~ O 2 Ur
a~- +
r

Ot 2 '

(3)

--ff +u_~_xp+ au Eq. where p is the mass density. Substituting Eq. (2) into =o, ( 3 ) , utilizing Eq. ( 1 ) , gives ap
02U, Or 2

au1
+ r

OUr au Or

[ 21
r 2 Ur

=0, 2 CL

1 02Ur
Ot 2 '

(4)

(i.0
(5)

where

/~ = J c22/c1,, CL = ~ p . The boundary conditions are

a--T =o, p =p(p, s),

aS

as

where p, p, S, u are pressure,Urdensity, specific entropy and particle velocity of detonation products Ur ] F = a: cl2 ~ respectively, clj - 3the +trajectory= PI (reflected shock of detonation wave D as a boundary and the with r R of t ) (cylindrical shell); Ur(O, t) = 0 (solid cylinder), trajectory F of flyor as another boundary. Both are unknown; the position of R and the state paraO meters on it cu governed byU the flow tfield I of central rarefaction solid behind the detonation wave are ~ / t r + c12 r r 1" = b : p z ( ) (cylindrical shell and wave cylinder), D and by initial stage of motion of flyor also; the position of F and the state parameters of products
2(6) 93

140

DING Hao-jiang, WANG Hui-ming and CHEN Wei-qiu

where a and b are the inner and outer radii of cylindrical shells, respectively. The initial conditions are expressed as
t : 0:

Ur(r,O ) = UO(r), a ~ ( r , O ) = v 0 ( r ) ,

(7)

where a dot over a letter denotes its partial derivative with respect to time. 2 Solving Technology

Firstly. we transform the inhomogeneous boundary conditions into the homogeneous ones. It is assumed that.

u~(r,t)

= wl(r,t)

+ w2(r,t),

(8)

w h e r e w 2 ( r , t ) satisfies the inhomogeneous boundary c o n d i t i o n s a n d t a k e s t h e following f o r m

w2(r.t)

= Ao(r - a)"~p2(t) + Bo(r - b)'~pl(t). Abstract

(9)

The one-dimensional problem of the motion of a rigid flying plate under explosive attack has b 1- m b i- m an analytic solution only when the polytropic index of detonation products equals to three. In A0 = Cll[m(l a(l m -- S) .... s 1 ) " t / shock general, a numerical analysis 1is+ required. $ )In, ] "thisB0 = CllT/Tt(S - by utilizinga (the "weak"s ! paper, however, 1) m-' + behavior of the reflection shock in the explosive products, and applying the small parameter pur(10) terbation method, an analytic, first-order approximate solution is obtained for the problem of flying Here m is by various integer, which is no less than 2, and satisfies the following equation: plate driven an arbitrary high explosives with polytropic indices other than but nearly equal to three. [ ( 1 - s) plate a ( 1 - ) m ] [ very - with + a ( s - 1 ) ~ / s 0. (11) Final velocitiesmof flying m-' +obtained sagree m ( s well1) m-1 numerical results ] by rcomputers. Thus an analytic formula with two parameters of high explosive (i.e. detonation velocity and polytropic and index) for estimation of the velocity of flying plate is established.
s = a/t), a
=

in which

CI2/Cll.

(12)

Substituting Eq. ( 8 ) into Eqs. ( 4 ) , 02Wl 1 3Wl /2

1.

(6) and ( 7 ) , yields

Introduction

1 c?2wl + gl(r,t),

Or + Explosive 2 driven flying-plate Wtechnique Ot 2 its important use in the study of behavior of r Or r 2 l -- c 2 ffmds L materials under intense impulsive loading, shock synthesis of diamonds, and explosive welding and Owa wl Owl Wl cladding of metals. The method aof estimation of = b: velocity and- the way ,of raising it are questions 14) - - + a =0 r = a: Or + - r = O, r flyor Or r of common interest. ~O,(r,O) = v , ( r 15) Under W I ( W ,assumptionsT )of one-dimensional plane) ,detonation and rigid flying plate, the normal the 0 ) = U I ( , approach of solving the problem of motion of flyor is to solve the following system of equations where governing the flow field of detonation products behind the flyor (Fig. I): 1 02w~(r,t) 2 1 Ow2(r,t) 02 w 2 ( r ' t ) ~w2(r t) gl (,,t) -

13)

C2

Ot 2

+ r

ul(r)

= u0(,)

w2(r,0),

--ff +u_~_xp+ au =o, ap vl(r) = vo(r) wi(r'0).

-

Or

Or 2

'

(16)

au au 1 Using the trial-and-en'or method, the solution of (13) can be assumed as y =0,

(i.0
where Fi ( t ) is an undetermined
i a--T =o, function and R i ( r ) is p =p(p, s),

w , ( aSt ) r,

= sERi(r)Fi(t), a

(17)

given as follows ( it is apparent that w, ( r ,

t ) satisfies the boundary conditions (14) ) :

Ri(r) J , , ( k , specific , a ) Y ,(kir)J lz,k,,a (t8 where p, p, S, u are pressure,=density,r ) Y ( t z , k ~entropy and~particle (velocity) ,of detonation products) respectively, rwith Y / , ( k l r ) are Bessel reflected shockthe detonation secondD kinds boundary and the the trajectory R of functions of of first and wave as a of order ,u, k~, where J v ( k i ) , trajectory F of flyor as another boundary. Both are unknown; the position of R and the state paraarranged in an ascending by the flowafield I of central rarefaction wave behind the detonation wave meters on it are governed order, are series of positive roots of the following eigenequation : J( l, i,a)V( J, i,b) J l ~ , k i , b of F and a ) 0, (19) D and by initial stage /ofkmotion l of kflyor also; -the (position ) V ( l J , k l ,the state=parameters of products

where

293

Elastodynamie Solution of Cylindrical Shells

141

J ( f z , k i r)
' -

dJz(klr)
dr + a

Jz(kir)
-

d }/r~( ki r) Y~ ( kir ) Y(/l,k i ,r) dr + a ' ~r . Substituting Eq. (17) into Eq. (13) gives _ c2 S ~ k Zt F ( t ) n i ( r ) t
i

(20)

= ~Ri(r)d2Fi(t)/dt
i

2 + c2gl(r,t).

(21)

By virtue of the orthogonal properties of Bessel functions, it is easy to verify that Ri ( r ) has the following properties :

t'b J rRi(r)Ri(r)dr
where 50 is the Kxonecker delta, and

= Ni~ii,

(22)

Abstract
2[dRi(a) 2

The one-dimensional problem of the motion of a rigid flying plate under explosive attack has ' at Trr ] + an analytic solution only when the polytropic index of detonation products equals to three. In /C2E b 2 R i (2b is) required. ( aIn - this paper,2 however, 2by utilizing the "weak" shock 2 2 )~ }/ - a n i general, a numerical analysis [1 2 [ R i ( b ) - Ri(a)] 2k 2 , (23) behavior of the reflection shock in the explosive products, and applying the small parameter purm w h i c d R ~ ( a ) d r = d R ~ first-order approximate ) / d r terbation hmethod, / an analytic, ( r ) / d r I r=a a n d d R i ( bsolution = obtained dfor the problem of flying is d R ~ ( r ) / r Ir=t,. plate driven by various high) ,explosives derivepolytropic indices other than but nearly equal to three. By virtue of Eq. ( 2 2 we can with the following equation from Eq. (21) Final velocities of flying plate d 2 F i ( t ) / dagree + m ~ well )with numerical results by computers. Thus obtained t 2 very F i ( t = q i ( t ) , (24) an analytic formula with two parameters of high explosive (i.e. detonation velocity and polytropic where index) for estimation of the velocity of flying plate is established. 2[" r g l ( r , t ) R i ( r ) d r V1 coi= klcL, q i ( t ) = - c . (25) oa 1, i 1. Introduction
The solution of Eq. (24) is

dRi(b)]2

Explosive F ~ ( t ) = Gllcoswit technique ffmds its important iuse in thed r 1 , of behavior(26) driven flying-plate + G21sinwit + q i ( r ) s i n w ( t - r ) study of 90 (-0 i materials under intense impulsive loading, shock synthesis of diamonds, and explosive welding and claddingGli metals. The method of estimation thatflyor velocity and the from of raising it are questions where of and (;2~ are unknown constants of can be determined way the initial conditions as of common interest. follows : Under the assumptions of one-dimensional plane detonation and rigid flying plate, the normal approach of solving the i"t'r u l ( r ) Rofr motion~i- , flyor = to rsolve)the( r ) d r of Gli = problem i ( ) d r ~,il Gzl is v , ( r R i following system of equations (27) .a .a governing the flow field of detonation products behind the flyor (Fig. I):

I'

t"b

1Nir

The complete solution of displacement u~ ( r , t) is then obtained by adding Eqs. (9) and

17).

When the cylindrical shell is fixed at the internal surface, we can take B 0 = 0, and J ( / z , --ff +u_~_xp+ au =o, ap ki , a) = J/~ ( kla ) and Y( /~ , k i, a ) = Yl, ( kia ) in Eqs" (18 ) and ( 1 9 ) . F o r a s o l i d c y l i n d e r au au 1 =0, with a = 0, we can t a k e B 0 = O, J ( / ~ , k i , a ) y 0 a n d Y ( l ~ , k i , a ) = = 1. I f c H = c22 = E(1 - v ) / k ,

a--T =o, are the Young' S modulus and Poisson' s ratio respectively, the above solution degenerates to the solution of an isotropic cylindrical shell. p =p(p, s),
where p, p, S, u are pressure, density, specific entropy and particle velocity of detonation products respectively, withconstants of a R of reflected isotropic cylinder are taken as a c22//Cll =and. 2 5 , The elastic the trajectory cylindrically shock of detonation wave D as boundary 2 the trajectory F of flyor as another boundary. Both are unknown; the position of R and the state paraClz/Cl~ on it0.675, and c~2 = the flow field I of of an isotropic cylinder behind the detonation wave 200 GPa and v = meters = are governed by c23, while those central rarefaction wave are E D . In numerical results, the of flyor also; the position of F and the state in the dimensionless 0 . 3and by initial stage of motioncoordinate, stresses and time are expressedparameters of products
form as follows:
293

aS

c12 = c23 = E v / k a n d k

as

= (1 + v ) ( 1 - 2 v ) ,

hereEand

(i.0

Numerical

Results

142

DING Hao-jiang, WANG Hui-ming and CHEN Wei-qiu

r - a - b - a ' ~. t cL b - a t,
~ ffii

cr i

ao

(i

r,O,z),

(28)

where a0 is a prescribed stress. W e take means the Heaviside function. Example Case 1 1
p~( t)

ao/CH

= 10 -4 for computation 9 In the following, H ( t )

=-

aoH(t)

and pz(

t)

= O.

Isotropic cylindrical shell ( F i g s . 1 - 4 ) 4 ~=0.5

,

1.~
0.5 0 ,2, -0.5 -1.0
i ! /

a~

~= o.o

3
ix r~

,4 i
i /

!6 ,
11

:8',
I I! /

ilb

Abstract

. . . . . . . ~ =-016 --The . one-dimensional problem ~of the motion of a rigid flying plate under explosive attack has -1.5 an analytic solution only when the polytropic index of -detonation products equals to three. In 1 general, a numerical analysis is required. In this paper, however, by utilizing the "weak" shock Fig. Fig.2 The variation of ad versus time behavior of 1theThe variationshock in the time reflection of a,* versus explosive products, and applying the small parameter purt ~ (s = 0.5) t * ( s = 0.5) terbation method, an analytic, first-order approximate solution is obtained for the problem of flying plate driven by various high explosives with polytropic indices other than but nearly equal to three. 1.0 a; Final velocities of flying plate obtained agree very well with numerical results by computers. Thus ~=0.5 0.5 an analytic formula with two parameters of high explosive (i.e. detonation velocity and polytropic index) for estimation of the velocity of flying plate is established. I

~o -,~';'r 15"

,~;

~:=o.o

'*' . . . .

~, 1~,'"
i ~/
V

2 "", / 3 '
I/
t

,~,
iI Ill

, 5

-0.5 -1.0

1.

Introduction

; i 2 3 "4~-:;f- 5 Explosive driven$=0.0 flying-plate technique ffmds its important' use in the study of behavior of materials under intense impulsive loading, shock synthesis of diamonds, and =explosive welding and ~ I.0 -1 cladding of metals. The method of estimation of flyor velocity and the way of raising it are questions of common interest. Fig.3 The variation of a versus time Fig.4 Under the assumptions of] one-dimensional plane detonation The variation o f a ~ versus time and rigid flying plate, the normal t ~ (~ = .2) t ~ (~ = 0.2 approach of solving the 0problem of motion of flyor is to solve the following) system of equations governing the flow field of detonation products behind the flyor (Fig. I):

-1.51

Case 2

Cylindrically isotropic cylindrical shell ( F i g s . 5 - 8)

--ff +u_~_xp+ ap
0 5
9

au

=o,
4 a~ /~ = 0.0

8~0.5
tl "~

au

au

=0,
1t ~t

~
- 0.5 - 1

! 2 '' 3 j
; ~, / ~---~.0

a--T =o, p =p(p, s),

'5 aS

as

"i =o5/
I / i f- , - - - /
"~i, \ I i
,

(i.0
i /,

~,

g: c,-j:" 8

10

where 1.5 p, S, u are pressure, density, specific entropy and- particle velocity of detonation products p, 1[ '~ respectively, with the trajectory R of reflected shock of detonation wave D as a boundary and the trajectory F of flyor as another boundary. Both are unknown; the position of R aand the state paraFig.5 The variation of crf versus time Fig.6 The variation of a versus time meters on it are governed by the flow field I of central rarefaction wave behind the detonation wave t (s 0 t~ s 0.5 D and by initial ~stage= of . 5 ) motion of flyor also; the position of F and (the=state) parameters of products
293

E l a s t o d y n a m i c Solution of Cylindrical S h e l l s

143

1.0 r 0.5
P~

0 -0.5

"i / /'1
,)/

'..2.,a!, 3', x / ", j / 4

Ir

J '

~5

/ </\
9 .'7>--<.'-. ~ l. /5- ,r t r Fig. 8 T h e variation of a o versus time t + (s = 0.2)

-1.0 r

Fig.7

T h e variation of aT versus time t + (s = 0.2)

Abstract

The one-dimensional problem of the motion of a rigid flying plate under explosive attack has Exam e2 pl(t) = the polytropic- index ( tof detonation products equals to three. In = a0H ) an analytic p lsolution only when0 a n d p 2 ( t ) general, a s e numericalo panalysisd isy lrequired. i gIn. 9 -this 1paper, however, by utilizing the "weak" shock a 1 Isotr ic soli c inder (F s C 2) behavior of the reflection shock in the explosive products, and applying the small parameter purterbation lOta7 an analytic, first-order approximate solution is obtained for the problem of flying method, plate driven by various high explosives with polytropic indices other than but nearly equal to three. Final velocities of flying plate obtained agree very well with numerical results by computers. Thus an analytic formula with two parameters of high explosive (i.e. detonation velocity and polytropic index) for estimation of the velocity of flying plate is established.

-5

Introduction -10 | T Explosive driven flying-plate technique ffmds its important use in the study of behavior of Fig. T h e variation of a0+ versus time materials Fig. 9 intense impulsive 7 loading, time under T h e variation of a versus shock synthesis10of diamonds, and explosive welding and cladding of metals. +The center) of estimation of flyor velocity andt theaway of raising it are questions method t (at + ( t center) of common interest. Under the assumptions of one-dimensional plane detonation and rigid flying plate, the normal a7 approach of 8solving the problem of motion of flyor is1]to solve the following system of equations a** governing the flow field of detonation products behind the flyor (Fig. I): ,I /, I_. ' 4 o
=I ~ 2

1.

--ff +u_~_xp+ ap t +
au au

au 1 y
-3
.4

t =o,

2j I',." i' 4
I

~' 6',

8;I/'
I Lt

I'0

=0, ,~ ij
II

k*

~,
~

~'
'

r = 1.0

(i.0

--

a--T =o, p =p(p, s),

aS

as

where p, p, S,11 areh epressure, density,versus time Fig. u T variation of a 7 specific entropy and 12 T h e velocity of detonation time Fig. particle variation of a o versus products respectively, with the trajectory R of reflected shock of detonation wave D as a boundary and the t ( a center) t (~ = 0 n ~ 1 trajectory F of flyor'+as tanother boundary. Both are unknown; the+ position. 5ofaRd and=the. 0 ) parastate meters on it are governed by the flow field I of central rarefaction wave behind the detonation wave D andCbye initialC y l i n d r iof lmotiont rof i flyorl ialso;cthe spositioneof F ande rthel state aparameters0 .of products stage c a l y i s o o p c c y n d r i a l h e l l f i x d at i n t n a s u r f c e ( s = 0 1 ) ( F i g s . 9 as 2
13-15) 293

144

DING Hao-jiang, WANG Hui-ming and CHEN Wei-qiu

64I 21
a;

4i~;
t
,

|
k,. t *

^ . " 1 ^~

Af

rT,"

:il
_8i
Fig. 13

I !
-61
The variation of a,* versus time t ~ (at internal surface) Fig. 14 The variation of a o versus time t ~ (at internal surface)

Abstract

The one-dimensional problem of the motion of a rigid flying plate under explosive attack has ~t an analytic solution only when the 3polytropic index of detonation products equals to three. In general, a numerical analysis is required. In this paper, however, by utilizing the "weak" shock behavior of the reflection shock in the explosive products, and applying the small parameter purt* terbation method, an analytic, first-order approximate solution is obtained for the problem of flying 10 plate driven by various high explosives with polytropic indices other than but nearly equal to three. Final velocities of flying plate obtained agree very well with numerical results by computers. Thus an analytic formula with two parameters of high explosive (i.e. detonation velocity and polytropic index) for estimation of the velocity of flying plate is established.

-5[
1.
Fig. 15

Introduction
The variation of a,~ versus

Explosive driven flying-plate technique ffmds its important use in the study of behavior of time t + (at internal surface) ~ materials under intense impulsive loading, shock synthesis of diamonds, and explosive welding and cladding of metals. The method of estimation of flyor velocity and the way of raising it are questions of common linterest. 4 Conc usions Under the assumptions of one-dimensional plane detonation and rigid flying plate, the normal 1) of solving present method, integral transform can be avoided system of equations approach Using the the problem of motion of flyor is to solve the following for solving dynamic governing the flow field of detonation with arbitrary dynamic loads and is easy to perform numerical problems. The method is fit to deal products behind the flyor (Fig. I):
calculations. It is also applicable to plain stress problems of discs, for example.

--ff +u_~_xp the isotropic cylindrical shell, shocked at the 2) The dynamic stress response ap s = 0 . 5+ in au =o, at internal surface, is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. It is noted that the circumferential stress response can au au 1 =0, also be found in Ref. [5 ] , and our results are theysame as those therein. Thus the validation of
the present method for solving dynamic problems is clarified. aS as

(i.0

a--T 3) Figs. 3 and 4 give the dynamic stress =o, response at s = 0 . 2 in the isotropic cylindrical

shell, shocked at the internal surface. =p(p, s), p Comparing Fig. 2 with Fig. 4, we can conclude that the peak of circumferential stresses change with the ratio between the inner radius and outer radius.

where p, p,of circumferential stresses at the internal surface particle times as the detonation productsat The peak S, u are pressure, density, specific entropy and is 3 . 7 velocity of amplitude of load respectively, with the trajectory R of reflected shock of detonation wave D as a boundary and the s = 0 . 5 . But it changes to 2 . 3 times a t s = 0 . 2 . trajectory F of flyor as another boundary. Both are unknown; the position of R and the state para4) Comparing Fig. by the flow field of central rarefaction wave behind the response wave meters on it are governed 2 with Fig. 6 and I Fig. 4 with Fig. 8, we find that the detonation of the D and by cylinder is of motion from that of the position of F and the stateWhen the of products isotropic initial stage different of flyor also; the anisotropic cylinder. parameters cylindrically
isotropic cylindrical shell is shocked at the internal surface, the peak of circumferential tensile 293

Elastodynamie Solution of Cylindrical Shells

145

stresses are 4 . 1 and 2 . 8 times as the amplitude of load at s = 0 . 5 and s = 0 . 2 , respectively. It is larger than that of the corresponding isotropic cylindrical shell. 5) The dynamic stress responses in the isotropic solid cylinder, shocked at the external surface, are shown in F i g s . 9 - 12. W e find that the stress concentration phenomenon of a r , cr0 ~ and a { occurs at the center. The peaks of the stresses are not singular but finite. The agreement of F i g s . 9 and 10 further proofs that the results are correct. For the cylindrically isotropic cylindrical shell fixed at the internal surface and shocked at the external surface, the dynamic stress responses are shown in Figs. 13 - 15. From the numerical results, we also find the stress concentration phenomenon o f a ~x- , a ~ and cr) at the internal surface.
References :

[1]

Huth J H, Cole J D. Elastic-stress waves produced by pressure loads on a spherical shell[ J ] . Journal of Applied Mechanics, 1955,22(4) :473 - 478. The one-dimensional problem of the motion of a rigid flying plate under explosive attack has

Abstract

[2] Mcivor I K. only when the polytropic index of detonation Journal equals to three. In an analytic solution The elastic cylindrical shell under radial impulse[J]. products of Applied Mechanics, general, 1966,33(4) : 831 - 837. is required. In this paper, however, by utilizing the "weak" shock a numerical analysis behaviorBaker W reflection C L, Jackson T explosive products,of thinapplying the smallaxisymmetric blast of the E, Hu W shock in the R. Elastic response and spherical shells to parameter pur[3] terbation method, an analytic, Applied Mechanics, 1966,33(4) :800 - 806. for the problem of flying loading[J]. Journal of first-order approximate solution is obtained plate driven by C, Koenig H explosives with polytropic indices and spherical elastic waves by to three.of [ 4 ] Chou P various high A. A unified approach to cylindrical other than but nearly equal method Final velocities of flying plate obtained agree very well with numerical results by computers. Thus characters[J] . Journal of Applied Mechanics, 1966,33(1) : 159 - 167. an analytic formula with two parameters of high explosive (i.e. detonation velocity and polytropic Rose J L, C o u P [ 5 ] for estimationh of S C, Chou of C. Vibrationisanalysis of thick-walled spheres and cylinders[J]. index) the velocity flying plate established. [6] [7]
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1973,53 (3) : 771 - 776. Cinelli G. Dynamic vibrations and stresses in elastic cylinders and spheres[J]. Journal of Applied 1. Introduction Mechanics, 1966,33 (4) : 825 - 830.

Explosive driven flying-plate technique ffmds its important use in the study of behavior of [ J ] . Acta Mechanica Sinica, 1991,7(3) :275 - 282. materials under intense impulsive loading, shock synthesis of diamonds, and explosive welding and [ 8 ] WANG Xi. The theoreticalof estimation ofsolution for anisotropic axially symmetricare questions. cladding of metals. An method elastodynamics flyor velocity and the way of raising it problems [ J ] Acta Mechanica Sinica, 1997,29(5) :606 - 610. (in Chinese) of common interest. WANG assumptions of one-dimensional plane detonation and in a solid plate, the . Jour[ 9 ] Under theXi. Dynamic stresses and dynamic stress-focus phenomenonrigid flyingcylinder [ J ]normal nal of Vibration and Shock, 1995,14(1) :23 - 29. to solve the approach of solving the problem of motion of flyor is (in Chinese) following system of equations governing the flow field ofCHEN Wei-qiu, ZOU behind theet al. (Fig. I): [lO] DING Hao-jiang, detonation products Dao-qin, flyor Transversely Isotropic Elasticity [ M ] .
Hangzhou : Zhejiang University Press, 1997. (in Chinese)

WANG Xi, GONG Yu-ning. A theoretical solution for axially symmetric problem in elastodynamics

--ff +u_~_xp+ ap
au au

au 1 y

=o,

=0,
(i.0

a--T =o, p =p(p, s),

where p, p, S, u are pressure, density, specific entropy and particle velocity of detonation products respectively, with the trajectory R of reflected shock of detonation wave D as a boundary and the trajectory F of flyor as another boundary. Both are unknown; the position of R and the state parameters on it are governed by the flow field I of central rarefaction wave behind the detonation wave D and by initial stage of motion of flyor also; the position of F and the state parameters of products
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