Organizational Information Systems

Organisational Information Systems
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Bright Lights Limited

Information Systems - Manufacturing
Project Overview
Bright Lights Limited (BLL) focuses on its core competency in the manufacture and sale of
incandescent and fluorescent lamps to customers located all across the world. In these markets,
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it faces competition from large international companies as well as regional players with
significant market share. In addition cheap products manufactured in developing economies and
imported into the western markets has increasing made it imperative for BLL to look inward into
its manufacturing and management efficiencies to meet this challenge.
BLL began as a small manufacturer with fifty employees 10 years ago and has grown
consistently to its present strength of 150 employees and meet market challenges through
innovative products that have relied on first to market strategy to grow and expand its markets.
It now manufactures a complete range of light bulbs and fluorescents. The company has a single
manufacturing base situated on the outskirts of a large city and close to an international airport
that allow it access to very good infrastructure and access to international markets. BLL has
prided itself on in its ability to anticipate and meet customer needs before competition.
However, in its manufacturing and management processes it continues to use methods that can
see vast improvement through harnessing the capacity that modern Information Technology
provides.
The need for innovative intervention in manufacturing and management is evidenced by its
growth having reached a plateau, which BLL has analysed is because of the time lag between the
identification of a new product idea or customer need and the time to market to continuously
lead competition. The second reason attributed to this stagnation of growth is the high cost of
production, wastage, rework due to rejection, and cost of development of new products.
These are precisely the areas that integration of IT based manufacturing processes can
address. Management at BLL has identified that Computer-Aided Design/ Computer-Aided
Manufacturing CAD/CAM) systems (software and hardware) fully integrated into its existing
organisation and systems is the ideal solution in driving it out of the present stalemate. This
group agrees with this proposal but hastens to add that complete integration into existing
systems and organisation structures would not yield the required results unless these too are
carefully aligned to derive maximum benefit from the new technology. This system will have

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implications for all personnel, suppliers, and decision-making processes.
Objectives
In line with BLLs strategic objectives of achieving a compounded annual growth of 10% per
annum over the next five years, be the first to market supplier that meets customer requirements
at the lowest cost, and innovation as the prime driver of growth, the following objectives have
been identified:
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1. Deploy CAD/CAM technology to automate product design, productions scheduling,

materials management, and logistics functions.
2. Identify areas of wastage of materials and effort and streamline to lower cost through
improvement of efficiencies.
3. Provide management with advanced tools to monitor performance in real time.
4. Suggest ways for ensuring smooth changeover to the new systems and organisation
without disruption in the market.
With growth BLL needs to recognise that basic manufacturing and manning paradigms will also
undergo a change as the company relies on outsourced shells and sub-assemblies, and even
complete products to meet increased demand. We say this to underline the disruption and
urgency that will logically follow CAD/CAM implementation and the flexibility it will require of
all personnel within the organisation, vendors, and suppliers of logistic support. In addition,
time will be required for all personnel to become familiar with its working and capabilities, and
for modifications and removal of any bugs in the system. We see no problem of redundancies, as
increases in throughputs will offset any redundancies caused by the organisational changes.
Above all the system will provide management with improved tools for monitoring
performance and progress.
2. Purpose, Scope, and Objectives

Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) are computer tools used
by engineers and other professionals. CAD is a relatively simple and user-friendly tool that uses the power
of computers to make three-dimensional designs and find solutions to complex engineering problems
affecting material selection that form a part of the design of different pens at TPL. CAD allows design and
its analysis to arrive at near-perfect design every time saving vital time in the concept-to-customer
process. CAM refers to systems that use computers for control of machines, machine tools, and robotics
during the manufacturing process. Through integration of CAD and CAM, it is possible to achieve quicker
production, reduce waste generation, and obtain higher efficiencies in manufacturing activities that depend

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on mechanical processing. In addition, tying the CAD software to the production planning and materials
management systems yields benefits through reduction in materials procurement costs, product test times,
and improved speed in bringing quality product to the market. Facility in coordination, in case TPL
decides to outsource manufacturing is another major advantage.
The current system used at OPL is over five years old and does not provide the advantages of a state
of the art system. The present system, for example, does not allow design of pens in three-dimensional
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format, neither does it allow use of templates designed for one product to be copied or configured
automatically for a new product, i.e. a new pen has to be designed from the ground up every time despite
the fact that it shares many specification with earlier pens. Additionally, the present system does not allow
real-time interaction with suppliers in the design phase, nor does it allow for customer feedback and inputs
to define design parameters. These have serious implications for product development time, cost, rejects,
and retooling at TPL and its suppliers facilities.
The new system will allow incorporation of feedback from each of the related functions to help
modify designs, change scheduling, longer and logically ordered production runs. In brief, the new system
will help create, collaborate, and control through a set of interconnected modules that follow the following
system.
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The design bases itself on information flow (Black arrows) in the form of feedback received from
marketing, management, and internally generated ideas. The design process takes inputs from production
and vendors regarding constraints and possibilities, and earlier design templates. Present system design
envisages feedback from the marketing department; a future module will allow direct customer feedback.
The output of the CAD core is the input for the CAM system that will drive the production processes
(Blue arrows).
Summary:
The objective is to install a CAD/CAM system consisting of brought out hardware and
software and tailoring it to meet TPL requirement and which:
o
Provides a flexible design platform based on customer and marketing inputs,

simultaneous interaction with suppliers, use of earlier templates, and innovative input
Allows linkage with CAM facilities at TPL and sub-assembly/ complete unit
manufacturers online
Integrates with the purchase, accounting, and marketing functions
Exclusions from the scope of the project are:

o
Conversion and upgrading of mechanical equipment to support CNC and robotics
Writing of software codes for the CAD/CAM system
Deliverables and Result Measures

The deliverables that form the project include purchase, installation, and commissioning of hardware
and software and integration of the package with TPLs existing IT systems. Conversion of earlier designs

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to the new format and saving them as templates for future use where identified by management is
included.
Measures of satisfactory completion of the deliverables:
Reduction in time-to-market by an average of 75%
Reduction in material wastage by 50%
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Productive utilization of machinery to improve by 10%
Productivity of manpower to improve by 5%
The extent of achievement will be determined through comparison of records on each score logged for
three months while preparations are underway for installing the new system with data collected for three
months after commissioning and performance trials.
This standalone project does not link directly with any other projects, planned or under
implementation at present.
Assumptions, Constraints, and Risks
Major assumptions made include:
The brought out CAD software will be suitable for design of pens,
CAM software compatibility with the CAD software allowing seamless conversion of design
data to machine instructions,
Availability of access to reliable and secure intranet/internet facilities, and
Support of design and engineering personnel at TPL
Constraints that inform project definition and its execution are:
Budget limitation (since TPL is a small company), and
Size of project does not allow seeking of external expertise
The risks associated with the project are essentially of technical nature and of data security, highlighted
below:
Technical problems are mainly associated with the compatibility of existing machines with output
from the system. These will require inputs from the original machinery suppliers and joint effort.
Since machines are new (less than 10 years old) this is not a major risk.
Data sharing with vendors and outsourcing suppliers can expose TPL to risk of loss of data of
critical and strategic importance. This risk needs to be overcome through encryption and other risk
mitigating steps such as restricted access through passwords.

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Use and incorporation of existing software in the linking departments may present some risks in
terms of compatibility.
The requirements entail new software for design, manufacturing, analysis, data management and a few
specifically tailored speciality applications. Existing personnel will also need training. Some selected
existing data will need conversion and uploading into the new system. Existing computer hardware will
also need upgrading to faster processors and larger storage capacity.
0100090000032a0200000200a20100000000a201000026060f003a03574d46430100000000000
100e0d40000000001000000180300000000000018030000010000006c0000000000000000000
0001a0000003700000000000000000000007e4000003406000020454d4600000100180300001
200000002000000000000000000000000000000f6090000e40c0000d800000017010000000000
0000000000000000005c4b030068430400160000000c000000180000000a00000010000000000
000000000000009000000100000009e070000bc000000250000000c0000000e00008025000000
0c0000000e000080120000000c00000001000000520000007001000001000000d2ffffff00000000
0000000000000000900100000000000004400022430061006c00690062007200690000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00800002cf8040701000000000000002c01000025000000372e90010000020f050202020403020
4ff0200e1ffac004009000000000000009f01000000000000430061006c00690062007200000000
c002c1e2c00e878c96020000000541e2c006c4e86016476000800000000250000000c00000001
000000250000000c00000001000000250000000c00000001000000180000000c0000000000000
2540000005400000000000000000000001a000000370000000100000088870741d1450741000
Budget and Schedule

The hardware required consists of a workstation computer with two nodes connected through a LAN
system; this entails an expense of $3,500-$4,000. The CAD software will cost another $2,500. Conversion
of existing mechanical machine tools to support CNC manufacture and robotics needs discussions with the
suppliers of the installed machinery.
The project will take 150 days to execute.
Project Organization
0100090000032a0200000200a20100000000a201000026060f003a03574d46430100000000000100e0d
40000000001000000180300000000000018030000010000006c00000000000000000000001a0000003700
000000000000000000007e4000003406000020454d4600000100180300001200000002000000000000000
000000000000000f6090000e40c0000d8000000170100000000000000000000000000005c4b03006843040
0160000000c000000180000000a00000010000000000000000000000009000000100000009e070000bc00
0000250000000c0000000e000080250000000c0000000e000080120000000c000000010000005200000070
01000001000000d2ffffff000000000000000000000000900100000000000004400022430061006c0069006
2007200690000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
0000000000000000000000000000002c00601d2c0010000000c4202c00441e2c005251c65fc4202c00bc1d
2c00100000002c1f2c00a8202c002451c65fc4202c00bc1d2c00200000004964d360bc1d2c00c4202c00200
040701000000000000002c01000025000000372e90010000020f0502020204030204ff0200e1ffac0040090
00000000000009f01000000000000430061006c0069006200720000000000e0273f0070a0c65f4922fad64c
4e8601d8617d01f01d2c009c38cb6020000000010000002c1e2c002c1e2c00e878c96020000000541e2c006
c4e86016476000800000000250000000c00000001000000250000000c00000001000000250000000c00000
001000000180000000c00000000000002540000005400000000000000000000001a000000370000000100
000088870741d1450741000000002c000000010000004c0000000400000000000000000000009e070000b
c0000005000000020001a001b00000046000000280000001c0000004744494302000000ffffffffffffffff9f07

0100090000032a0200000200a20100000000a201000026060f003a03574d46430100000000000100e0d400
00000001000000180300000000000018030000010000006c00000000000000000000001a0000003700000
000000000000000007e4000003406000020454d4600000100180300001200000002000000000000000000
000000000000f6090000e40c0000d8000000170100000000000000000000000000005c4b03006843040016
0000000c000000180000000a00000010000000000000000000000009000000100000009e070000bc00000
0250000000c0000000e000080250000000c0000000e000080120000000c000000010000005200000070010
00001000000d2ffffff000000000000000000000000900100000000000004400022430061006c0069006200
7200690000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
01000000000000002c01000025000000372e90010000020f0502020204030204ff0200e1ffac00400900000
0000000009f01000000000000430061006c0069006200720000000000e0273f0070a0c65f4922fad64c4e86
6016476000800000000250000000c00000001000000250000000c00000001000000250000000c00000001
000000180000000c00000000000002540000005400000000000000000000001a000000370000000100000
088870741d1450741000000002c000000010000004c0000000400000000000000000000009e070000bc00
0bd000000000000004600000014000000080000004744494303000000250000000c0000000e0000802500
00000c0000000e0000800e000000140000000000000010000000140000000400000003010800050000000
b0200000000050000000c022d00d401040000002e0118001c000000fb020400020000000000bc020000000
40000002d01000004000000020101001c000000fb02f5ff0000000000009001000000000440002243616c69
62726900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000002d010100040000002d010
100040000002d010100050000000902000000020d000000320a0b0000000100040000000000d4012d0020
000600040000002d010000040000002d010000030000000000
0000bd000000000000004600000014000000080000004744494303000000250000000c0000000e0000802
50000000c0000000e0000800e000000140000000000000010000000140000000400000003010800050000
000b0200000000050000000c022d00d401040000002e0118001c000000fb020400020000000000bc020000
00040000002d01000004000000020101001c000000fb02f5ff000000000000900100000000044000224361
6c6962726900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000002d010100040000002
0100090000032a0200000200a20100000000a201000026060f003a03574d46430100000000000
100e0d40000000001000000180300000000000018030000010000006c0000000000000000000
0001a0000003700000000000000000000007e4000003406000020454d4600000100180300001
200000002000000000000000000000000000000f6090000e40c0000d800000017010000000000
0000000000000000005c4b030068430400160000000c000000180000000a00000010000000000
000000000000009000000100000009e070000bc000000250000000c0000000e00008025000000
0c0000000e000080120000000c00000001000000520000007001000001000000d2ffffff00000000
0000000000000000900100000000000004400022430061006c00690062007200690000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00800002cf8040701000000000000002c01000025000000372e90010000020f050202020403020
4ff0200e1ffac004009000000000000009f01000000000000430061006c00690062007200000000
c002c1e2c00e878c96020000000541e2c006c4e86016476000800000000250000000c00000001
000000250000000c00000001000000250000000c00000001000000180000000c0000000000000
2540000005400000000000000000000001a000000370000000100000088870741d1450741000
d010100040000002d010100050000000902000000020d000000320a0b0000000100040000000000d4012d
0020000600040000002d010000040000002d010000030000000000
Note:
1. Each Team and sub-functions indicated have one team leader and one person each for the
sub-functions.

0100090000032a0200000200a20100000000a201000026060f003a03574d46430100000000000100e0d400
00000001000000180300000000000018030000010000006c00000000000000000000001a0000003700000
000000000000000007e4000003406000020454d4600000100180300001200000002000000000000000000
000000000000f6090000e40c0000d8000000170100000000000000000000000000005c4b03006843040016
0000000c000000180000000a00000010000000000000000000000009000000100000009e070000bc00000
0250000000c0000000e000080250000000c0000000e000080120000000c000000010000005200000070010
00001000000d2ffffff000000000000000000000000900100000000000004400022430061006c0069006200
7200690000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
01000000000000002c01000025000000372e90010000020f0502020204030204ff0200e1ffac00400900000
0000000009f01000000000000430061006c0069006200720000000000e0273f0070a0c65f4922fad64c4e86
6016476000800000000250000000c00000001000000250000000c00000001000000250000000c00000001
000000180000000c00000000000002540000005400000000000000000000001a000000370000000100000
088870741d1450741000000002c000000010000004c0000000400000000000000000000009e070000bc00
0bd000000000000004600000014000000080000004744494303000000250000000c0000000e0000802500
00000c0000000e0000800e000000140000000000000010000000140000000400000003010800050000000
b0200000000050000000c022d00d401040000002e0118001c000000fb020400020000000000bc020000000
40000002d01000004000000020101001c000000fb02f5ff0000000000009001000000000440002243616c69
62726900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000002d010100040000002d010
100040000002d010100050000000902000000020d000000320a0b0000000100040000000000d4012d0020
000600040000002d010000040000002d010000030000000000
References
Brynjolfsson. F, & Mendelson. H. (1993): Information System and the Organization of Modern
Enterprise, Journal of Organisational Computing
Grieves, M. (2006): Product Lifecycle Management: Driving the Next Generation of Lean Thinking,
McGraw-Hill
Kurland, R. (2005): Selecting a Mechanical CAD/CAM/CAE/PDM System for Small and Medium
Businesses (SMB): http://www.ptc.com/
0100090000032a0200000200a20100000000a201000026060f003a03574d46430100000000000
100e0d40000000001000000180300000000000018030000010000006c0000000000000000000
0001a0000003700000000000000000000007e4000003406000020454d4600000100180300001
200000002000000000000000000000000000000f6090000e40c0000d800000017010000000000
0000000000000000005c4b030068430400160000000c000000180000000a00000010000000000
000000000000009000000100000009e070000bc000000250000000c0000000e00008025000000
0c0000000e000080120000000c00000001000000520000007001000001000000d2ffffff00000000
0000000000000000900100000000000004400022430061006c00690062007200690000000000
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
00800002cf8040701000000000000002c01000025000000372e90010000020f050202020403020
4ff0200e1ffac004009000000000000009f01000000000000430061006c00690062007200000000
c002c1e2c00e878c96020000000541e2c006c4e86016476000800000000250000000c00000001
000000250000000c00000001000000250000000c00000001000000180000000c0000000000000
2540000005400000000000000000000001a000000370000000100000088870741d1450741000
Stark, J. (2007)): Global Product: Strategy, Product Lifecycle Management and the Billion Customer
Question, Springer

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Organisational Information Systems

Bright Lights Limited

Organisational Information Systems

1. Deploy CAD/CAM technology to automate product design, productions scheduling,

2. Purpose, Scope, and Objectives

Organisational Information Systems

Organisational Information Systems

Provides a flexible design platform based on customer and marketing inputs,

Integrates with the purchase, accounting, and marketing functions

Exclusions from the scope of the project are:

Conversion and upgrading of mechanical equipment to support CNC and robotics

Writing of software codes for the CAD/CAM system

Deliverables and Result Measures

Organisational Information Systems

Reduction in time-to-market by an average of 75%

Reduction in material wastage by 50%

Productive utilization of machinery to improve by 10%

Productivity of manpower to improve by 5%

Availability of access to reliable and secure intranet/internet facilities, and

Support of design and engineering personnel at TPL

Constraints that inform project definition and its execution are:

Budget limitation (since TPL is a small company), and

Size of project does not allow seeking of external expertise

Organisational Information Systems

Budget and Schedule

Organisational Information Systems

Organisational Information Systems

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