WCDMA Channels: Logical Channels are not actually the channel rather they can defined as a diffe rent

task performed by the network and the UE at different times. They describe the type of information to be transferred. Logical channels are categorized into control channels and traffic channels. Controls channels carry the control plan e information Traffic Channels carry the user plane information. Transport channels describe how the logical channels to be transferred. Or it ca n be defined by how and with what characteristics data is transferred over the i nterface. It comes into two groups: Dedicated Channels Common Channels Radio Frame Structure; In WCDMA the information is spread over 5MHz band (Wide B andwidth). There are separate radio channels for both uplink and downlink of 5MH z. One radio frame consists of 38400 chips and 15 slots. The duration of the rad io frame is 10ms which have ship rate of 3.84 Mcps. Each slots in the radio fram e comprises of 2650 chips.

Physical Channel: In uplink and downlink direction, each slot in a radio frame d efined with a code or a set of codes that carries a set of common and dedicated channels called Physical Channel. Physical channels are the transmission media providing platform (radio) through which information is going to be transferred Physical Channels means different k inds of bandwidths allocated for different purposes, its actually is the physica l existence of the Uu interface between UE domain and Access domain. Physical ch annel are defined by specific carrier freq, scrambling and channelization code Logical Channel : Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) : It broadcast system control information for a ll mobiles in a cell like Code values in the cell, neighbors information, allowe d power levels in downlink direction. Paging Control Channel (PCCH) : It transfer paging information in downlink direc tion. Network page the mobile to discover the UE location or UE in a cell connec ted state. Common Control Channel (CCCH) : Network may have certain tasks which are or may be common to UE in the cell. Its being used in both direction downlink & uplink. The CCCH is also used when US is accessing a new cell after cell reselection. Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH): When there is dedicated/active connection mean s RRC connection between the network and the mobile, the control information tra nsferred using DCCH. Its an bi-directional channel. Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH): It is used transfer the user data between the network and the mobile in both uplink and downlink direction. Common Traffic Channel (CTCH): It is used the transfer the data from one point t o all mobile or a specified group of mobiles. Transport Channel : Dedicated Traffic Channels:

Dedicated Channel (DCH) : It is the channel used to send dedicated control and u ser data between UE and the networks in both uplink & downlink direction Enhance d Dedicated Channel (E-DCH) : It is a enhanced uplink transport channel. Common Transport Channel : Random Access Channel (RACH) : It is used to send a control information from UE in the uplink direction. Also may carry short users packet. Common Packet Channel (CPCH) : Its an uplink shared channel used for packet data . Several UE can use the same channel for data transfer. Forward Access Channel (FACH): It is a downlink common channel used to send smal l amounts of control and user data. Downlink Shared Channel (DSCH): It is common channel used to send dedicated cont rol and user data. Broadcast Channel (BCH): It broadcast system information in the downlink directi on for all mobile stations in a cell. Paging Channel (PCH): It s a downlink common channel used to send paging notificatio n messages. Dedicated Channel (DCH) It is a channel that is used to send dedicated control a nd user data between the UE and the network in both direction. Physical Channel : In Uplink there are both dedicated and common physical channels. Dedicated Channels: Dedicated Physical Data Channel (DPDCH) Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH) Common Channels: Physical Random Access Channel Physical Common Packet Channel Physical Channels: Dedicated Physical Control Channel: For each radio link, there is one DPCCH, it carries control information like Pilot bits (used to support channel estimation at rake receiver) Transmit Power Control (TPC) commands (Used power control) Fee dback information (FBI) needed with transmit diversity Transport Format Combinat ion Indicator (TFCI) Spreading factor is always 256.

Dedicated Physical Data Channel: Each radio link may have no DPDCHs or several DPDCHs. Spreading factor for the DPDCH can be between 256 and 4. DPCCH & DPDCH are time multiplexed in downlink but uplink these are I/Q modulation. Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH): It carries the Random Access Channel (RA CH transport Channel). UE uses when physical random access procedure is initiate d. Physical Channels RACH Preamble Part: Each preamble is of length 4096 chips and consist of 256 repetitions of a signature of length 16 chips. RACH Message Part: The 10 ms message part spilt into 15 slots each length of 256

0 ships. Each slot consist of data part onto which RACH transport part is mapped and control part that carries layer 1 control information. The 20ms message con sists of two consecutive 10ms message part radio frames. Physical Common Packet Channel (PCPCH): It carries Common Packet Channel (CPCH Transport Channel). The access transmiss ion consists of Access Preambles (AP), one collision Detection Preamble (CDP), a DPCCH Power Control Preamble (PCP) and message. Check out the Structure from EC E book. Downlink Dedicated Channel: In downlink there is only one dedicated channel DPCH . The control data and user data are time multiplexed with one DPCH. The length of frame is 10 ms divided into 15 slots The no. of bits in the data part depends on the spreading factor between 512 and 4 correspondence of 15kbps to 1,920kbps . Physical Channels: Common Pilot Channel: It has pre-defined bit sequence transmitted with a bit rate of 30 Kbps (Fixed S crambling code 256) CPICH is divided into pilot channels: Primary Common Pilot Channel (P-CPICH) Secondary Common Pilot Channel (S-CPICH) Reason for low bit rate as it is transmitted with high power to reduce the inter ference. It is phase reference, must be transmitted in whole cell . Physical Channels Primary Common Pilot channel (P-CPICH) It has following charac teristics: The same channelization code is always used The P-CPICH is scrambled by primary scrambling code There is only one P-CPICH per cell The P-CPICH broadc ast over the entire cell. Secondary Common Pilot Channel (S-CPICH) It has following characteristics: An ar bitrary channelization code is used SF256 A S-CPICH may scrambled with primary o r secondary scrambling code There may be zero, one or several S-CPICH per cell A S-CPICH transmitted over the entire cell or part of the cell. Primary Common Control Physical Channel (P-CCPCH): It has fixed bit rate of 30 K bps (Fixed Scrambling code 256) There are no TPC, Pilot bits and first 256 chips of the slot are used for the primary and secondary synchronization Channel. Thi s used to carry the FACH and the PCH. Secondary Common Control Physical Channel (S-CCPCH) It has variable bit rate fro m 30kbps to 1,920 kbps. There are data bits, pilot bits and optional TFCI bits. It is transmitted only to smaller are of the cell. The only difference between the P-CCPCH and S-CCPCH the transport channel mapped on this can only have fixed predefined transport format combination and in case S-CCPCH support multiple transport format combination using TFCI Physical Chann els Synchronization Channel: This channel used in the cell search procedure. It is d ivided into the Primary Synchronization and Secondary Synchronization Channel. P rimary Synchronization Channel It carries primary synchronization codes transmit ted in each slot of a radio frame. It is same for cells in the network. Secondar y Synchronization Channel It consist of the secondary Synchronization codes (SSC ). System selects the SSC to be transmitted in a slot, based on the scrambling c ode group and the slot number.

Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) It is used for data transmission by one or-several simultaneous users in the downlink direction. CD/CA-ICH The collision Detection Assignment Indicator Channel is used in the CP CH Access Procedure. CSICH The CPCH Status Indicator Channel (CSICH) is associated with a CPCH. This is uses the free spaces that occurs in the AICH. It is used to inform the UE abo ut CPCH existence and configuration. The duration of CSICH is 20ms. Each frame c onsist of 15 slots. The length of slot is 40 bits. Each slot has a part that is no transmitted and a status indicator part that includes 8 status indicator bits . Acquisition Indicator Channel (AICH) It is used in a random access procedure by the network to indicate that the RACH preamble was detected. It has 15 consecuti ve access slots. Length of access slot is 5120 chips Each access slot is further divided into 32 Acquisition indicators and one part has no transmission. Channel Mapping: The data can be sent through logical layer via different channe ls in the transport layer. And also one transport channel can be sent via differ ent physical channels. These selection of channels in the transport and physical layer depends on the data itself and radio resource management and its paramete rs.

Burst Types Dedicated Physical Channel There are four different types of bursts Al l contains two data fields, midamble and GP. Length of each is different in each bursts. The no. of data symbol depends on SF or burst type from 1 to4. Burst Type - I This burst type used for both Uplink and Downlink It has larger t raining sequence due to longer midamble field Data field has 976 chips long, no. of symbol depends on the SF Midamble is 512 chips long and GP is 96 chips perio d. Burst Type - II This burst type used for both Uplink and Downlink It has shorter training sequence due to longer midamble field Data field has 1104 chips long, no. of symbol depends on the SF Midamble is 256 chips long and GP is 96 chips pe riod Burst Type - III This burst type used for Uplink only It has longer guard period suitable for initial access or accss to new cell after handover Data field has 976 and 880 chips long, no. of symbol depends on the SF Midamble is 512 chips lo ng and GP is 192 chips period. Burst Type - IV This burst type used for downlink MBSFN It has longer guard peri od suitable for initial access or accss to new cell after handover It has two da ta fiels each of 1056 chips long, no. of symbol depends on the SF Midamble is 32 0 chips long and GP is 128 chips period. TPC Transmission of TPC burst is done in the data parts of traffic burst. Data i n TPC is always transmit at SF 32 irrespective SF of user data TPC information i s to be transmitted immediately after the midamble Shall be transmitted with sam e channelization code and timeslot of TFCI TFCI Transmission of TFCI is done in the data parts of the respective physical c hannel. In Downlink the TFCI code word bit and data bit subjected to the same sp reading procedure In Uplink, independent to the SF of data bits TFCI code is app

lied with SF 32 TFCI is code to be transmitted directly adjacent to the midamble .