Lalu Prasad Yadav

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Lalu Prasad Yadav

Lalu Prasad at a political rally in January 2007, at Kesariya, Bihar, India.

Minister of Railways Government of India MP-Lok Sabha

Constituency Chapra 11 June 1947 (age 61)[1] Gopalganj, Bihar[2]) RJD Rabri Devi 2 sons and 7 daughters Patna

Born Political party Spouse Children Residence

As of September 25, 2006 Source: [Lok Sabha members' biodata [3]]

Lalu Prasad Yadav (Devangar: ) is an Indian politician from Bihar. He was the Minister of Railways - from 2004 to 2009 in the ruling United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government and the president of the political party, Rashtriya Janata Dal.

Yadav's involvement in politics started during his student days at the Patna University and he was subsequently elected the member of the Lok Sabha in 1977 as a Janata party candidate, at the age of 29, becoming one of its youngest members.[4] He is currently a Member of Parliament in the 15th Lok Sabha from the Saran constituency. He is famous for his charismatic leadership and mass appeal among the backward castes and religious minorities. [5][6], and has been criticized for caste-based politics [6] and the corruption cases against him. [7] Yadav served as the Chief Minister of Bihar from 1990 till 1997, when he was forced to resign following escalating corruption charges in the Fodder scam. From 1997 to 2005, with brief interruptions, his wife Rabri Devi was Chief Minister; she is often described as having served as his "surrogate."[8]

Contents
[hide]

1 Early life 2 Political career 3 Tenure as an Union Minister o 3.1 Railways Minister 4 Lalu in popular culture 5 Criticisms and controversies o 5.1 Corruption allegations o 5.2 Innovation o 5.3 Accusations against the BJP o 5.4 Perceived institutional bias against Lalu o 5.5 Supporter of SIMI 6 Positions held 7 References and footnotes 8 External links

[edit] Early life

Lalu Prasad Yadav was born in Phulwaria in Gopalganj district of Bihar on June 11, 1947, to Kundan Rai and Marachhiya Devi, a poor peasant family.[4]He is a lawyer by education. He is B.A.L.L.B, from patna university Yadav married Rabri Devi on June 1, 1973. [4] They have two sons and 7 daughters. According to him, his large family is a protest against the forced vasectomy and castration under the infamous family planning initiative during the Indian Emergency (1975 - 77) declared by Indira Gandhi. [9] Indira's son, Sanjay Gandhi, was blamed for this abusive and forcible treatment of people[citation needed]. The eldest daughter is Misa Bharati.

[edit] Political career

Flag of Rashtriya Janata Dal Yadav's first political step was his active involvement in the elections of the [[delhi] University Students' union. He led the student movement inspired by Jai Prakash Narayan, Raj Narain and Karpoori Thakur in the 1970s.The former Chief Minister of Bihar and the then President of Bihar State[10]Janata Party, senior leader Satyendra Narayan Sinha placed him as a candidate for the Lok Sabha and campaigned for him. [11][12]He was subsequently elected as a member of 9th Lok Sabha on a Janata Party ticket at the age 29, becoming one of the youngest members of the Indian Parliament then.

Rashtriya Janata Dal leader Laloo Prasad Yadav and Chief Minister Rabri Devi hold up lanterns, the RJD's election symbol, at a campaign rally in Jehanabad in Feb 1998 In a span of 10 years, Yadav became a formidable force in Bihar State Politics. During the Indian general elections in 1989 and state assembly elections, he successfully led the National Front coalition in Bihar. It was, therefore, no surprise that he was elected the Chief Minister leaving behind Ram Sundar Das, a former chief minister from the same party, when it came to power in the 1990 Assembly elections. The World Bank lauded his party for its work in the 1990s on the economic front. [13] A report was published by the BBC news in 1986 according to which the police unearthed a Rs 1950 crore (US$ 267 Million) Fodder Scam in Bihar, which allegedly involved Yadav and the State's leading bureaucrats and politicians, albeit the probe itself was ordered by him. Some people claim it to be an opposition's conspiracy to stop his unprecedented political growth. [14] The fodder scam forced Yadav to resign from the office of Chief Minister and he brought his wife, Rabri Devi, as his successor.[15]

Yadav formed the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) in 1997, after breaking away from the Janata Dal. According to Limca Book of Records, he is the longest serving president of an Indian Political Party. [16] Yadav remained in power in Bihar for more than one and a half decades during Mandal era. In November 2005 elections, his party, the RJD could win just 54 seats, which put his party in third place, after the Janata Dal United(JDU) and the Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP). Nitish Kumar led coalition, consisting of JD(U) and BJP, came to power with a manifesto of development in an era which is termed as post-Mandal period.[17]

[edit] Tenure as an Union Minister

Yadav having tea in a kulhad (earthen cup), promoted by him through Indian railways Yadav was elected to the 14th Lok Sabha from Chhapra and Madhepura seats of Bihar. He was able to defeat the high profile BJP leader Rajiv Pratap Rudy from Chhapra and the JD(U) president Sharad Yadav from Madhepura. However in the the 15th Lok Sabha elections Yadav will contest from Saran and Patiliputra. At Saran, he will again run into Rajiv Pratap Rudy. He became the railway minister in the UPA Government. Later, he gave up the Madhepura seat.

[edit] Railways Minister

During his initial year as a railways minister, Yadav banned plastic cups to serve tea at railway stations and ordered that they be replaced by kulhads (earthen cups). He claimed that the measure would generate more employment in rural areas.[18] Later, he also said that he had plans to introduce buttermilk[19] and khadi[20]. In June 2004, he announced that he would get on the railway himself to inspect its problems and went on to board the Patna railway station at midnight. [21] When Yadav took over, the Indian Railways was a loss-making organization. In the 4 years under his leadership, a cumulative total profit of Rs. 25,000 crore (US$ 5.2 billion dollars) has been reported. Ironically, under the previous government, the Rakesh Mohan Committee (headed by Rakesh Mohan, secretary, department of economic affairs) had termed The Railways a 'white

elephant' and predicted that it would suffer a Rs 61,000 crore (US$15.4 billion dollars) loss possibly ending in bankruptcy by 2015. [22] The only solution seemed to be privatization.

Yadav with 2008 Indian railways budget Yadav is sometimes credited with the financial turnaround of Indian Railways, that was on the verge of bankruptcy before his appointment to the office. But it was actually an IAS officer who graduated from the Delhi School of Economics, Mr Sudhir Kumar who turned it around. Mr Lalu allowed Mr Sudhir to reform the railways on the condition that Mr Kumar wont raise ticket prices.[23] Mr Sudhir obliged and left passenger fares untouched and found several other profitable sources of revenue for the Railways. He also improved on his first year's performance by stating a profit of 14,000 crores with decreased freight and unchanged passenger fares in 2006. Then, in the 2007 budget, he increased the profit level to 20,000 crores with the introduction of cushion seats in all unreserved compartments.In 2008, profits were 25000 crore (equals $ 6.25 billion @ $1~Rs.40) Mr Yadav wants Mr Sudhir (from Haryana) to be rewarded the Padma Shri for his good work. [4] Speech of Shri Lalu Prasad, introducing the Railway Budget 2008-2009, on 26 February 2008

Speaker Sir, I present the Railway Budget for the year 2008-09 with a sense of deep pride and satisfaction. Each year we have progressively raised the bar based on our own successes. The cash surplus of the Railways rose steadily from Rs 9000 cr in 2005 to Rs 14000 cr in 2006 to Rs 20000 cr in 2007. The august House would be happy to know that in 2007-08, we will create history once again by turning in a cash surplus before Dividend of Rs. 25000 cr. Our operating ratio has also improved to 76%. Indian Railways is a Government Department. However, we take pride in the fact that our achievement, on the benchmark of net surplus before Dividend, makes us better than most of the Fortune 500 companies in the world... [24]

Yadav Presenting the 2008 railways Budget Yadav's railways budget Speech 06-07

Sir, .... Tenth Plan targets of 624 mt loading and 396 billion tonne kilometers have been surpassed one year in advance. Sir, I not only hope but firmly believe that we would surpass the Tenth Five Year Plan's incremental target of 63 billion tkm for freight business by over 200%".[25]

Well known schools of management were interested in Yadav's leadership in managing the turnaround (with more or less the same IAS officers & the same workforce who worked under the previous ministers). He addressed over a hundred students from Harvard, Wharton and others in Hindi. He has received invitations from 8 Ivy League schools for lectures. [26] The turnaround of the Indian Railways is now being studied by the students of the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad.[27] Prof G. Raghuram, a faculty member, IIM-A, has already conducted a detailed study on the Railways turnaround.[28] In August 2008, CNN-IBN alleged that Yadav had misused his position as the Union Railway Minister to help his relatives acquire land. [29]. It is interesting to note that under his rule of more than a decade the GDP of the State of Bihar declined and has the lowest GDP per capita in India.

[edit] Lalu in popular culture

Yadav in the popular TV show, Saregamapa (2007) Many books have been written in praise of Yadav by local writers including Lalu Chalisa and Lalu Hala. Entertainers, in television and film industry, mimic Yadav for their profession. According to a media report, many local barbers and saloons are earning money by offering what they call the Lalu style hair cut. A barber of Hajipur was quoted saying, "The style is a craze

among the youths and even policemen". [30] Yadav has been recognised as a brand on his own amongst a few industries in rural Bihar. [31] A Patna-based company had launched "Lalu Khaini" (tobacco) in 2004, which was a hit. In 2005, Speedage Corp. introduced "Laluji" dolls that became popular with kids. In 2006, Lalu ka Khzana, a chocolate produced by New Delhi-based Chetak company, became very popular with kids in rural areas of north Bihar districts like Muzaffarpur, Sitamarhi and Madhubani. The wrapper of the chocolate packet depicted two different caricatures of Lalu one as a politician and the other as a magician. More than 100,000 packets were reportedly sold.[32]

Rail Minister and RJD chief Lalu Prasad Yadavs look-alike toys on display at a showroom in Patna A cheap cosmetic pack branded as Lalu Chale Sasural ("Lalu goes to in-laws house") had become extremely popular among rural Bihari girls, especially in the areas such as Vaishali, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga and Samastipur. Each packet, priced at Rs. 23 (rouglhy half a dollar), contains items of daily use like face powder, cream, earrings, sticker, and a necklace.[33] In June 2006, Prakash Agro Industries in Bihar started selling cattle fodder under the brand name Lalu Pashu Aahar. It was reported that the outcome of this branding strategy had surpassed the company's expectations and they were facing problems in meeting the huge demand for their fodder[34] Yadav has a sizable fan following in Bollywood, which includes actors Sunil Shetty and Raza Murad and directors Mahesh Manjrekar and Mahesh Bhatt to name a few. Indian actor turned politician Shatrughan Sinha, who is a political opponent of Yadav, once said, " Had Yadav not been a politician he could have been an actor". [35] Mahesh Bhatt has gone to the extent of saying that Yadav deserves to become Prime Minister of India.[36] A Bollywood movie titled Padamshree Laloo Prasad Yadav was released in 2004. Though his name appeared in the title, the movie was not about him, but had characters named Padmashreee, Laloo, Prasad and Yadav. These incidences as viewed by some people as an attempt by the mainstream media to make deliberate fun of Yadav's accent.Though the movie was not a hit, it was made n good comedy of some of the legecy

[edit] Criticisms and controversies

Yadav's party is alleged to have continued in power for several years on the strength of the Muslim-Yadav combination vote bank. [37][38] and is considered extremely popular among members of both communities.[39] His brand of politics has caused a great deal of resentment among other caste groups such as Bhumihar Brahmins, Rajputs, other Brahmin sub-castes and Kayasthas (who Yadav has collectively dubbed Bhurabal meaning brown hair). While Yadav has been criticised for aggravating caste divisions through his policies, his admirers claim that he helps disadvantaged groups out of a belief in secularism and social justice. Yadav's claim is reflected from his famous quote,

I've not given them (the poor people of Bihar) heaven, but I've given them a voice.

Yadav with Bharatiya Janata Party Members of Parliament, including Hema Malini. Some MPs belonging to Yadav's party (RJD) have criminal charges against them. [40] The most notorious, of these, is the Siwan MP Mohammed Shahabuddin. Many of Yadav's own party members, including Gopalganj MP Sadhu Yadav (brother of Lalu's brother-in-law Subhash Yadav), had asked him to sever ties with Shahbuddin. Yadav had once made a controversial remark,

I will make Bihar's roads as smooth as Hema Malini's cheeks. [41]

Lalu made another controversial remark about Varun Gandhi as I would have crushed Varun Gandhi under a road roller. [42]}}

[edit] Corruption allegations

Yadav has been charged with corruption cases [43], the most infamous being the "Fodder scam". In the Fodder Scam, the funds meant for cattle fodder were diverted from the animal husbandry department. Yadav was one of the main accused in multi-million rupee scam.[44] After corruption charges compelled Yadav to step down as chief minister of Bihar in 1997, he brought his wife

Rabri Devi to the chief minister's post. [45] From 1997 to 2001, Lalu was sent to jail five times.[46] Yadav was first sent to "Judicial remand" (Bihar Military Police guest house, Patna) on July 30, 1997 for 134 days. [46] On October 28, 1998, he was sent again to the same guest house for 73 days. When the Supreme Court of India took exception to his guest house stay, he was shifted to the Beur jail in Patna. He was later remanded for 11 days on April 5, 2000, in a disproportionate assets case. He surrendered along with his wife, Rabri Devi, and was sent to the Beur Jail. [46] Due to proceedings in the fodder scam, Yadav was remanded for a day in Beur jail on November 28, 2000. On November 26, 2001, Yadav was again remanded, in a case related to the Fodder scam.[47] He accused NDA of creating a conspiracy against him. On October 1, 2004 the Supreme Court of India served a notice to Yadav and his wife, Rabri Devi, on fodder scam. This was in response to a petition, which alleged that they have been interfering with the investigation.[48] Yadav and his wife, Rabri Devi have been acquitted in disproportionate assets as per judgment delivered on 18 December 2006.[5] In August 2008, CNN-IBN alleged that Yadav had misused his position as the Union Railway Minister to help his relatives acquire land. A year-long investigation by IBN7 shows that Lalu bought land, worth several lakh rupees for his relatives, from those who aspired for a job in the Railways.[29]

[edit] Innovation
The charwaha vidyalaya scheme was launched by Chief Minister Laloo Prasad Yadav in December, 1991, with much fanfare. The project was even appreciated by UNICEF and was quickly adopted by Central schemes like TRYSEM, Indira Awas Yojana, IRDP-RLGEP and ICDS. It aimed to impart basic education to children of poor peasants who supplemented their parents' meagre income by cattle-herding, "Earn while you learn" was the attraction. The concept envisaged that children bring their herd and learn while the animals grazed in the fields attach-ed to the schools. The mid-day meal scheme has succeeded in bringing poor children to school. But the scheme has become an end in itself and there are no signs of these children learning anything in the classroom.

[edit] Accusations against the BJP

On August 5, 2004, Yadav claimed that L.K.Advani, senior BJP leader and leader of the Opposition was an accused in a conspiracy to kill Mohammed Ali Jinnah and described him as an 'international absconder'. On September 14, 2004 Lalu asked L.K.Advani to come clean on his involvement' in the alleged conspiracy to assassinate the founder of Pakistan, Mohammed Ali Jinnah[49] On September 28, 2004,Lalu alleged Mr. Venkaiah Naidu,the then Union Rural Minister, of having sold 55,000 tonnes of wheat in the name of drought relief distribution in AP. "A CBI probe will be initiated to find the truth" he said.[50]

[edit] Perceived institutional bias against Lalu

Supporters of Lalu Yadav have claimed of Lalu being subject of institutional bias against him, which can be divided into: Media bias and other institutional biases. Although he has maintained a good relationship with the media, at times he has accused the media of being unfair, and has even gone so far as to threaten to sue certain media outlets for defamation.[51] AlthoughThe Media bias against him has been recognised by certain sections of press,[52] the media counters this claim that it has simply been highlighting corruption cases against Lalu as a part of its function as a free press. Lalu and his supporters have also claimed that some other institutions like the Election Commission of India have shown a bias against him on many occasions, the most recent being the last Bihar State Assembly Election,[53] whereas the Election Commission claims that it always has simply been doing its duty to prevent frauds and unethical behavior committed by Lalu and his supporters during Bihar state/general elections.

[edit] Supporter of SIMI

Yadav supports Students Islamic Movement of India SIMI, as claimed by many, to appease the Muslim vote bank. His support for SIMI has been criticized by his political opponents, such as the members of the Bharatiya Janata Party.[54]

[edit] Positions held

1977: Elected to 6th Lok Sabha at the age of 29. 19801989 Member, Legislative Assembly (two terms) of Bihar. 1989: Becomes the leader of Opposition, Bihar Legislative Assembly, Chairman, Pustakalaya Committee, Convenor, Committee on Public Undertakings, Re-elected to 9th Lok Sabha (2nd term). 19901995 Member, Bihar Legislative Council. 19901997 Chief Minister, Bihar. 19951998 Member, Bihar Legislative Assembly. 1996: Lalu's name springs up in a major scam. 1997: parts with the [Janata Dal] and forms [Rashtriya Janata Dal]. 1998 Re-elected to 12th Lok Sabha (3rd term). 19981999 Member, General Purposes Committee, Committee on Home Affairs and its Sub Committee on Swatantrata Sainik Samman Pension Scheme, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. 2004 Re-elected to the 13th Lok Sabha (4th term).Appointed as Cabinet Minister looking after the Ministry of Railways. In 2004, he was elected to the [Lok Sabha] with his party emerging as a key member of the Congress.

[edit] References and footnotes

1. ^ While the Indian media was unsure as to the spelling of Mr. Yadav's name, in June 2004, he issued a clarification to the media to endure that his name was spelt as Lalu and not Laloo."It's Lalu not Laloo and it's official (June 24, 2004)". Rediff.com. http://us.rediff.com/news/2004/jun/24lalu.htm. Retrieved on 2006-05-08. 2. ^ "Bday bash only when communal forces are wiped out: Laloo". Daily Excelsior. http://www.dailyexcelsior.com/web1/03june12/national.htm. Retrieved on 2006-05-08. 3. ^ [1] 4. ^ a b c Lalu Prasad Yadav 5. ^ Amita Malik. "Laloo in Wonderland". The Tribune. http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030816/windows/sight.htm. Retrieved on 2006-05-18. 6. ^ a b Amberish K Diwanji. "Laloo in a rascal, but I will vote for him". Rediff.com. http://in.rediff.com/election/2005/feb/09spec5.htm. Retrieved on 2007-02-25. 7. ^ news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/south_asia/701186.stm Laloo Prasad taken into custody], BBC News, 5 April, 2000 8. ^ "Rabri's kitchen instinct". India Today. http://indiatoday.intoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&Itemid=1&task=view&id=37184&s ectionid=21&issueid=102&latn=2. Retrieved on 2009-04-28. 9. ^ Siddharth Srivastava (September 29, 2004). "India's man for all seasons". Asia Times. http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/FI29Df02.html. Retrieved on 2006-05-29. 10. ^ "Bihar chief ministership battle 1977". http://books.google.co.in/books?id=5xj0g8euumQC&pg=PA211&lpg=PA211&dq=satyendra+na rayan+sinha&source=web&ots=ovKAGIn2cq&sig=jwBuDv1H-wa9A9rDoFlHoPJVZg8&hl=en. Retrieved on 2007-06-04. 11. ^ "Lok Sabha Debates". http://164.100.24.208/debate14/debtext.asp?slno=6373&ser=&smode=. Retrieved on 2007-07-10. 12. ^ A J Philip. "Satyendra Narayan Sinha". The Tribune. http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060907/edit.htm. Retrieved on 2006-09-05. 13. ^ "World Bank Report: Bihar - Towards a Development Strategy". World Bank. http://www.worldbank.org.in/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/SOUTHASIAEXT/INDIAE XTN/0,,contentMDK:20556842%7EpagePK:141137%7EpiPK:217854%7EtheSitePK:295584,00 .html. Retrieved on 2006-05-23. 14. ^ "More charges framed against Lalu Yadav". The Tribune. http://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050518/main1.htm. Retrieved on 2006-05-08. 15. ^ "Profile: Laloo Prasad Yadav". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/3514292.stm