Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Glass Structure
Glass Structure
Glass Construction
Contents: Introduction
Historical Development of Glass Constructions
Design
Material Glass Existing Guidelines Results from Research Suggestions for further Design-Guidelines
Introduction
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Practical:
STEEL
GLASS
linear stress-strain-relation until fracture sudden collpase by reaching the ultimate load
Design
MATERIAL
Floatglass
Standard Glass, most frequently used exclusive inherent strength (45 N/mm) Structure after fracture:
Star-shaped large fragments
Design
MATERIAL
(~ 70 N/mm)
MATERIAL
MATERIAL
Design
MATERIAL
t = 2min
t = 5min
Design
t=3h
Design
MATERIAL
single or additional glass fitting enterable glazing (walk-on-glazing) single sided clamped support
TRLV
Overhead Glazing:
vertical Inclination > 10
Design
TRLV
TRLV
b) Wired Glass
Applicable only for spans 70 cm
TRLV
TRLV
TRLV
vertical glazing (TRLV) with additional demands linear beared parapet with passing structural
handrail
TRAV NEEDS NOT TO BE USED FOR: TRAV NEEDS NOT TO BE USED FOR:
glass elements that do not prevent from falling
independently
Design (additional structural elements are used to do so, e.g. flat grids)
TRAV
CATEGORY A
Category A
TRAV
only VSG
Design
Category B
TRAV
Category C1
Category C2
ESG with a four-sided linear bearing ESG is possible for the inner pane of insulation glazing Category C3
TRAV
TRAV
MATHEMATICAL VERIFICATION
Several criterias must be fulfilled, e.g.:
- linear bearing of the glazing - limitations of the pane-sizes
no drillings or cut-outs minimum overlapping size glass / fixation: 12 to 14mm requirements concerning the fixation
TRAV
Design
PUNKTHALTER
Forces in-plane:
Beared by setting blocks and / or (partially) by friction
Design
GLASS FITTING
BENEFIT: filigree, transparent facades Effects of rigid fixing in the area of the glass fittings
dangerous stress concentrations
Design
GLASS FITTING
Total collapse of an VSG-Glazing-System Snap out of the PVB-Interlayer from the glass fitting
Design
GLASS FITTING
Design
GLASS FITTING
Design
GLASS FITTING
Design according to allowable stresses global safety factor linear bending theory
PROBLEMS:
DESIGN CONCEPTS
DESIGN CONCEPTS
REACTION:
characteristic strength of glass-products (e.g. Float: 45 N/mm) using factors to reduce characteristic strength
Influence Design Length of action Size of panes Safety class factor 0,27 0,72 1,0 0,88 0,55 / 0,5 note long - short 1,0m - 20,0m Safety class 1 / 2
DESIGN CONCEPTS
NYLON-3D-VERBINDUNGSKNOTEN:
RESEARCH
Glassbeams Glasscolumns load bearing Glasspanels stiffening / bracing with glass elements
GLASS-STEEL-CONSTRUCTIONS: GLASS-STEEL-CONSTRUCTIONS:
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Construction
LOAD-BEARING GLASS
Load Assumptions:
Dead Load: Grid Overhead glazing Live Load: Vertical: Use of balcony Vertical: snow
Construction
gG = 0,30 kN/m gD = 0,45 kN/m pv = 10,5 kN/m ps = 0,375 kN/m pw = 0,2 kN/m
Horizontal: wind
Construction
F1 = 4,20 kN F2 = 9,01 kN
Construction
Construction
uz
Dreiseitige Lagerung
(oberer Rand frei)
Construction
EXPERIMENTS
Strlast
Construction
EXPERIMENTS
GRENZLAST: 2,48 kN
Construction
EXPERIMENTS
Construction
Construction
Design
[ Vorspannung = negativ]
Begrndung:
Fr Bruchwahrscheinlichkeit ist Kenntnis der Eigenfestigkeit (Biegefestigkeit) notwendig Aussage ber Lebensdauer treffen - Lebensdauer abhngig von Gre der resultierenden
Design
Zugspannung
DESIGN CONCEPTS