HITECH

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

OPEN LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM TRAINER

Open-loop control systems are control systems in which the output has no effect upon the control action, That is, in an Open-loop Control system, the output is neither measured nor feedback for comparison with the input. Figure shown below shows the input output relationship of such a system A practical example is a washing machine, Seaking, Washing, and rising in the washing machine are operated on a time basis. The machine does not measure the output signal namely, the cleanliness of the clothes. In any open-loop control system the output is not compared with the reference input. Hence, for each reference input, there corresponds a fixed operating condition. Thus, the accuracy of the system depends on the calibration. In the presence of disturbances an open-loop control system will not perform the desired task. Open-look control can be used in practice only if the relationship between the input and output is known and if there are neither internal or nor external disturbances, clearly such systems are not feedback control systems, Note that any control system which operates on a time basis is openloop, for example, traffic control by means of signals operated on a time basis is another instance of open-loop control,

Input

Controller

Plant or process

Output

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In this trainer, the process is of charging a capacitor with a constant current source. Control element is Timer, which determines a period for which a capacitor is to be charged. Input command adjust potentiometer is calibrated for required output voltage under normal condition (with no disturbance), In fact it determines the time period of the timer. Disturbance is a variation in the charging current of the constant current source, In short, by pressing a start process switch a timer, relay will be on for a period depending on setting of input command Adj Potentiometer. This relay will charge the capacitor by a constant current source. Disturbance Adjust Potentiometer sets the charging current. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED 1. 2. 3. Digital Voltmeter 0 /50/MA meter Open loop Trainer OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Keep the IN PUT COMMAND ADJ potentiometer on First Mark on the dial, Keep the Disturbance Adj potentiometer fully anticlockwise position i.e. minimum disturbance Current, Connect 0-100 Micro Ammeter at the positions marked MA Connect 0-50 a digital voltmeter across the controlled output terminal. Plug in two pin power chord to mains supply of 230V, 50CPS. Keep the ON OF glow. switch in ON position a Neon Lamp will

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7. 8.

Press the glow.

START PROCESS

push button. Process LED will

Measure disturbance current and record its Value. I MIN =

9.

As soon as

the process LED is OFF

Measure and record

the controlled output Voltage CONTROLLED VOLTAGE = ------ volts (Minimum Disturbance) 10. 11. 12. 13. Now keep the Disturbance Adj. potentiometer in Maximum position, i.e. Maximum disturbance. Press the discharge push button the controlled output voltage will be zero. Now press start process push butt on. Process LED will be ON. Measure and record the controlled output voltage when the process is over. Record this observation Controlled voltage output = ------ volts (Maximum disturbance) You will observe that under the maximum disturbance signal, the controlled output voltage will be more. This shows in our open loop system more the disturbance signal, more the controlled output voltage. This shows in our open loop system the disturbance signal will effect the 14. final output. for different settings and repeat of INPUT the above ADJ Potentiometer Repeat your observation COMMAND

observations, tabulate your results.

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OBSERVATION TABLE
Serial Input Command No. Setting 1. Mark -1 Disturbance Current 1. 2. Controlled Output Voltage

2.

Mark -2

1. 2.

3.

Mark -3

1. 2.

In disturbance current column we have to take two readings for minimum disturbance current and maximum disturbance current.

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