Soil pollution There are two big categories of stuffs, which can pollute soil. 1.

Stuffs, which descended from agriculture. They are different chemical appliance, which interfuse into the soil. Here belong pesticides, manures and diferent organic waste, which become from agricultural production 2. Stuffs, which descend from other activities. Seed of this stufs is mostly industry, power stations and motoring. Contaminations from this activities come mostly as aerial emissions. Soil pollution is connected with pollution of water and air. Agricultural pollution Pesticides are very dangerous, because they change facilities of soil, and they kill lot of bacterias in the soil. Pesticides are products of chemical industry, which crush some bad bacterials, animals and plants. Today we know, that using of pesticides ist bigger danger for environment than any other pollution of soil, water and air by civilisation. Industrial waste Industrial wastes impair soil mostly toxical influence. Toxical efect have industrial wastes, which contain arsenic, lead, cadmium, chrome and other heavy metals.

Similar materials might get into the soil from contaminated surface water, especially when they are used for watering, or from other wastes brought on the fields. Many of that toxic materials from soil are actively accepted by plants, where they accumulate and concentrate many times. Some contaminaing materials are detrimental to the soil when they alcalize and acidify it.. Water Polution

Water pollution has many sources. The most polluting of them are the city sewage and industrial waste discharged into the rivers. Due to this, pollutants enter groundwater, rivers, and other water bodies. Such water, which ultimately ends up in our households, is often highly contaminated and carries disease-causing microbes. Agricultural run-off, or the water from the fields that drains into rivers, is another major water pollutant as it contains fertilizers and pesticides. Today, people dump their garbage into streams, lakes, rivers, and seas. The various substances that we use for keeping our houses clean add to water pollution as they contain harmful chemicals. Effects of water pollution

The effects of water pollution are not only devastating to people but also to animals, fish, and birds. Polluted water is unsuitable for drinking, recreation, agriculture, and industry. It diminishes the aesthetic quality of lakes and rivers. More seriously, contaminated water destroys aquatic life and reduces its reproductive ability. Eventually, it is a hazard to human health. Nobody can escape the effects of water pollution. The individual and the community can help minimize water pollution. By simple housekeeping and management practices the amount of waste generated can be minimized. Greenhouse effect

During the last century, Earths temperature has risen. This global warming is a consequence of greenhouse effect. We can say, that greenhouse effect is the good and the bad. This effect is due to several greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs - freons) and water vapor. Nowadays, the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases are rising as a result of human activities - that is how good (natural) greenhouse effect becomes bad. Since the agricultural and industrial boom, we have produced a huge amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. The bad form of greenhouse effect and the next rise in temperature, will be accompanied with changes in global climate. Firstly, weather will change or maybe even absolutely invert. Rains will fall rarely but in greater intensity; dry places like deserts will enlarge and become drier. Some areas near the coasts will be cloudier and wetter and there will be more storms. Inland areas will have a little more rain, but because the temperature will be higher, they will be drier. Secondly, some glacial and surface ice and snow will melt. We can help to stop this effect. Those are sorts of turn off the light when you are leaving the room, recycle, use unleaded fuel, travel with a bike instead of driving a car, install solar panels on your house etc. The other types are much bigger, planned by scientists activities. Ozone layer and ozone hole Ozone layer The ozone layer is a layer of gas high above the surface of the earth that helps to protect it from the suns ultraviolet radiation. The main proportion of ozone is situated in an air cover of the earth in height from 10 to 50 kilometres. During the millions years from beginning of life in the earth was concentration of ozone stabilized. The ozone existated in stratosphere in balance between his production and his destruction. The natural process of its destruction was accelerated which causes ozone holes in the atmosphere.

Ozone hole Thanks to the hole in the ozone layer, the weather patterns are changing as-well. The hole was caused by the industrial and technological way of life of this century. Nowadays, there is vast amount of the gas Freon and CO released from cars, power plants, and homes. 2 Responsible for the holes appearing over the Artic and the Antarctic, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) have been held too. The international community came with pact about elimination of destruction of stratospheric ozone and about diversion of threatening ecologic disaster. Environmental Organizations

Greenpeace is a non-profit organization, with a presence in 40 countries across Europe, the Americas, Asia and the Pacific. Greenpeace does not accept donations from governments or corporations but relies on contributions from individual supporters and foundation grants. As a global organization, Greenpeace focuses on the most important worldwide threats to our planet's biodiversity and environment. Greenpeace campaigns to: --Stop climate change --Protect ancient forests --Save the oceans --Stop whaling --Say no to genetic engineering --Stop the nuclear threat --Eliminate toxic chemicals Greenpeace promotes open, informed debate about society's environmental choices. Greenpeace uses research, lobbying, and quiet diplomacy to pursue the goals, as well as highprofile, non-violent conflict to raise the level and quality of public debate. As one of the longest banners Greenpeace has ever made summed things up, "When the last tree is cut, the last river poisoned, and the last fish dead, we will discover that we can't eat money..." Education of people

Environmental problems have worsened considerably during the last twenty years. That is why a great deal of talk is heard these days about protecting threatened animal species, preserving forests, improving the "quality of life". Man must preserve and restore the quality of his environment. It is not an easy task but very urgent. And good experts must be involved in the programme. Even in this field we are obliged to apply the principles of glasnost. We must keep our planet habitable not only for the present generation but for future ones

in particular. Everything would be simpler if we had enough money for ecology programmes, if our present knowledge and experience were aplied effectively. If would help us to solve many of our current difficulties. Moreover a tremendous effort in public information and education is nessesary as well. Man, having now become aware of the dangers, realizes the consequences. We must feel more responsibility for the air, water and soil and learn to respect NATURE as an ally in the evolutionary process.