A goal is a dream with a deadline.

HARYANA AT A GLANCE

Established Capital Districts Divisions Legislature Lok sabha Area Population (2011) Density State Bird Flower HDI Literacy Life expectancy GDP per capita

1 Nov. 1966 Chandigarh 21 4 Unicameral (90 seats) 10 44,212 km2 25,353,081 573 Black Francolin Lotus 0.644 88.64% 66.2 INR 109,227

Largest City Town Sub Div. Villages Rajya Sabha Area rank Rank Density rank Animal Tree HDI Rank Sex Ratio GDP Growth Rate

Sonipat 106 54 6955 05 20 16 11 Black Buck Peapal 17th (2011) 877 INR 3,093.26 8.1%

Haryana has many firsts to its credit:

First to provide road link to each village. First in the country to provide electricity to each village in the State. First in the country in the production of Passenger Cars, Motor Cycles, Tractors, GI Pipes and Scientific instruments.

Haryana is one of the wealthiest states of India and has the third highest per capita income in the country.

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History and Geography Haryana finds mention in the great epic of Mahabharata. Kurukshetra, the place of the epic battle between the Kauravas and the Pandavas, is situated in Haryana. Haryana functioned as an adjunct to Delhi and practically remained anonymous till the First War of India's Independence in 1857. When the rebellion was crushed and the British administration was reestablished, the Nawabs of Jhajjar and Bahadurgarh, Raja of Ballabgarh and Rao Tula Ram of Rewari of the Haryana region were deprived of their territories. Their territories were either merged with the British territories or handed over to the rulers of Patiala, Nabha and Jind. Haryana thus became a part of the Punjab province. With the reorganisation of Punjab on 1 November 1966, Haryana was made into a full-fledged State. With just 1.37% of the total geographical area and less than 2% of Indias population, Haryana is among the most prosperous states in India, having one of the highest per-capita income in the country. The State is bound by Uttar Pradesh in the east, Punjab in the west, Himachal Pradesh in the north and Rajasthan in the south. The National Capital Territory of Delhi juts into Haryana. Rivers of Haryana The river Yamuna flows along its eastern boundary. The ancient Sarasvati River is said to have flowed from Yamuna Nagar, but it has now disappeared. These are the great river of Haryana define boundary with UP. The river Ghaggar is Haryana's main seasonal river. The Ghaggar rises in the outer Himalayas, between the Yamuna and the Sutlej and enters Haryana near Pinjore, Panchkula district. Passing through Ambala and Hissar, it reaches Bikaner in Rajasthan and runs a course of 290 miles before disappearing into the deserts of Rajasthan. The Markanda river's ancient name was Aruna. A seasonal stream like the Ghaggar, it originates from the lower Sivalik Hills and enters Haryana near Ambala. During monsoons, this stream swells into a raging torrent notorious for its devastating power. The surplus water is carried on to the Sanisa lake where the Markanda joins the Sarasvati. An important tributary is the Tangri. The Sahibi River originates in the Mewat hills near Jitgarh and Manoharpur in Rajasthan. Gathering volume from about a hundred tributaries, it reaches voluminous proportions, forming a broad stream around Alwar and Patan. On reaching Rohtak it branches off into two smaller streams, finally reaching the outskirts of Delhi and flowing into the Yamuna. There are three other rivulets in and around the Mewat hills Indori, Dohan and Kasavati and they all flow northwards from the south.

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Climate The climate of Haryana is similar to other states of India lying in the northern plains. It is very hot in summer (up to a high of 50 deg Celsius) and cold in winters (down to a low of 1 deg Celsius). The hottest months are May and June and the coldest being December and January. Rainfall is varied, with the Shivalik Hills region being the wettest and the Aravali Hills region being the driest. About 80% of the rainfall occurs in the monsoon season (JulySeptember) and sometimes causes local flooding. Flora and fauna Thorny, dry, deciduous forest and thorny shrubs can be found all over the state. During the monsoon, a carpet of grass covers the hills. Mulberry, eucalyptus, pine, kikar, shisham and babul are some of the trees found here. The species of fauna found in the state of Haryana include black buck, nilgai, panther, fox, mongoose, jackal and wild dog. More than 300 species of birds are found here.

Agriculture Haryana has Asias biggest Agriculture University popularly known as Ch.Charan Singh bAgriculture University i.e. CCSHAU, Hissar. Agriculture is the mainstay of more than 65 per cent population in Haryana with contribution of 26.4 per cent in GDP of the State. The principal crops are Rice, wheat, jowar, bajra, maize, barley and pulses, sugarcane, cotton, oilseeds and potato are the major crops of the State. Information Technology IT Park and Nano city are being set up in Panchkula district to create an environment and an eco system that fosters intellectual creativity in areas of frontier technologies, which in turn would create jobs and bring economic prosperity to the regions. Further, Gurgaon has been developed as a preferred investment destination for both IT and ITES/BPO companies. Now, Gurgaon has become the home of the corporate world in India. The State Government is planning to set up Hi-Tech Habitat Centre in the Electronic City in Gurgaon for IT/ITES/BPO companies, which would provide world-class facilities. Besides Gurgaon, the State also intends to develop other areas in NCR region, especially those alongside the Kundli-Manesar-Palwal Express Highway and Faridabad, as satellites of Gurgaon-Manesar Mega IT Hub. The Government is in the process of setting up 1159 Rural and 104 Urban ICT based Common Service Centers under the State brand name e-Disha Ekal Sewa Kendra in the State and work of CSC implementation has already been started.

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Industry Haryana has a large industrial base having more than 1,347 large and medium and 80,000 small scale units in the State. Haryana is the largest producer of passenger cars, tractors, motorcycles, bicycles, refrigerators, scientific instruments, etc. Haryana is the largest exporter of Basmati rice to the overseas market. Panipat handlooms and carpets are known all over the world besides, the famous Pachranga Achaar. Power Haryana became the first State in the country to achieve 100 per cent rural electrification in 1970. The installed generation capacity as on 31 March 2009 was 4636.23 MW. Transport Roads: In Haryana all villages stand connected with metalled roads. The length of roads in the State is more than 34,772 kms. Railways: : Kalka, Ambala, Kurukshetra, Rohtak, Jind, Hissar,Ambala, Panipat and Jakhal are important railway stations. There is a railway workshop at Jagadhari. Aviation: There are civil aerodromes at Pinjore, Karnal, Hisar, Bhiwani and Narnaul. Tourist Centers Some of the important tourist complexes are: Surajkund and Damdama in Gurgaon and fascinating pocket of pines at Morni Hills are other attractions of tourist interest. The other important resorts are Ethnic India Rai, Blue Jay (Samalkha), Skylark (Panipat), Karna Lake and Oasis (Uchana), Parakeet (Pipli), Kingfisher (Ambala), Magpie (Faridabad), Dabchick (Hodal), Shama (Gurgaon), Jungle Babbler (Dharuhera), Gauriyya (Bahadurgarh). Myna (Rohtak), Blue Bird (Hisar), Red Bishop (Panchkula) and Pinjore Gardens, (Pinjore). To promote the art and culture the famous Surajkund Crafts Mela is held every year in the month of February. Similarly, to promote the ancient heritage of Pinjore, the Pinjore Heritage Festival is celebrated every year.

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