B(-5,7)

MODULE 14
VECTORS
MODUL
PROGRAM IBNU SINA
ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS
Terbitan :-
YAYASAN PELAJARAN JOHOR
JABATAN PELAJARAN NEGERI JOHOR
VECTORS FORM 5
MODULE 14
IBNU SINA
TOPIC : VECTORS
Express Note:
1 Vector - A quantity which has
i. direction
ii. magnitude (Pythagoras Teorem)
10
b. Addition of vectors
- Triangle Law
- Parallelogram Law
- Polygon Law
c. Subtraction of vector
a - b = a + ( - b )
Vectors in the Cartesan plane
a. If i and j are unit vectors in the
directions of the x- and y-axes,
then PQ =
,
_

y
x
= xi + yj
PQ =
2 2
y x +
b. Unit Vectors in given direction.
If r = xi + yj, the unit vector in
the direction of r is

r
=
r
r

,
_

+
+

y
x
y x
1
) j y i x (
y x
1
2 2
2 2
c. Operations with vectors in terms
of i and j (Adding, subtracting,
multiply by scalars)
- apply operations to
components separately or use
the concept of matrices.
2
Vector Notation :
AB
,
a
, AB, a
3
Negative vector : - BA AB
4 Zero vector , 0 : has zero magnitude
5 Equal vector - same magnitude and
direction
6 Parallel Vectors
CD dan AB are parallel if and only if
CD k AB , k is a constant
7 Non Parallel Vectors
If the vectors a and b are not parallel,
then ha = kb can only be true if h = k = 0
8 Collinear Vectors
A, B and C are collinear if and pnly if
AC n BC m AB
9 Vector Operations
a. Multiplying with scalars
- ka is a vector with magnitude
k times of a
- If k>0, then ka and a have the
same direction .
- If k<0, then ka and a are in the
opposite direction
PROGRAM IBNU SINA TAHUN 2010(ALL As) Page 2
B(-5,7)
VECTORS FORM 5
PAPER 1
1.
Diagram 1 shows two vectors
OA
and
OB
.
DIAGRAM 1
Express
(a) (a)
OA
in the form
1
]
1

y
x
(b) (b)
AB
in the form xi + yj
2. Given that m and n two non zero and non parallel vectors. Find the possible values
of p and q if p
2
m + (q p)n = 2(pm + n).
3.
Given that h =

,
_

2
5
and k =

,
_

2
1
. Find,
(a) 3k h
(b) the unit vector in the direction of 3k h.
4. Given that P(-1, 5) , Q(-3, 2) and R(m, n), find the value of m and n. So that
3 19 PQ QR + i
uuur uuur
.

5.
The points X, Y and Z are collinear. It is given that
4
5
OX
_

,
uuur
,
8
8
OY
_

,
uuur
and
2
OZ
p
_

,
uuur
. Find the value of p.
PROGRAM IBNU SINA TAHUN 2010(ALL As) Page 3
A(3,2)
B(-5,7)
O
y
x
VECTORS FORM 5
6. Diagram 2 shows a triangle ABC
DIAGRAM 2
The point M lies on AB such that AM : MB = 2 : 1, AM = 4. The point M lies on AB such
that AM : MB = 2 : 1, AM = 4y.
Express in term of x and y,
(a)
BC
(b)
CM
7. Diagram 3 shows a parallelogram PQRS
DIAGRAM 3
Given that 8 PQ a
uuur
and
6 PS b
uuur
and
1
3
ST SQ . Express, in terms of a and b
(a)
QS
(b)
TR

PROGRAM IBNU SINA TAHUN 2010(ALL As) Page 4
A
C B
M
3x
4y
P
Q
R S
T
VECTORS FORM 5
8.
DIAGRAM 4
Diagram 4 shows a parallelogram PQRS. Calculate unit vector
QS
uuur
9.
Given that
OA
uuur
= 4i 6j and
OB
uuur
= 10i + 4j . P and Q are midpoints for
OA
uuur
and
OB
uuur

respectively. Express PQ
uuur
in terms of i and j.
10.
DIAGRAM 5
Diagram 5 shows a triangle and point P lies on the side OA such that OP : OA = 2 : 3.
Given that
OA
uuur
= 9i + 9j and
OB
uuur
= 10i, find

(a) the coordinates of point P
(b)
AB
uuur
PROGRAM IBNU SINA TAHUN 2010(ALL As) Page 5
P R
Q
S
3i + 5j
i 2j
A
B O
y
x

P
VECTORS FORM 5
PAPER 2
1.
Given that
OA
uuur
= i + 3j ,
OB
uuur
= 2i j ,
OC
uuur
= -i 4j and
OD
uuur
= 3i + 2j,
(a) Find in terms of i and j
(i)
AC
uuur
(ii)
DB
uuur
(b) calculate the unit vector in the direction of AD.
2.
Given three vectors,
OA
uuur
= u + v ,
OB
uuur
= 2u + mv and
OC
uuur
= nu 5v,
(a) express
(i)
AB
uuur
in terms of m, u and v
(ii)
BC
uuur
in terms of n, u and v
(b) find the values of m and n if A, B and C are collinear and 5m + 2n = 0
3.
DIAGRAM 6
In the diagram 6,
OP
uuur
= x , OQ
uuur
= y ,
2
3
OM OP and
1
3
PN PQ .
(a) Find in terms of x and/or y
(i) MQ
uuuur
(ii)
ON
uuur
(iii)
MN
uuuur
(b) The straight line ON intersects the straight line MQ at L such that ML kMQ
uuur uuuur

and
OL hON
uuur uuur
. Using
OM OL LM +
uuuur uuur uuur
, find the values of h and k.
4.
Diagram shows a pentagon ABEDC. Given
x AB 4
,
y AC 6
and
x CD 8
.
PROGRAM IBNU SINA TAHUN 2010(ALL As) Page 6
P
L
M
N
Q
O
VECTORS FORM 5
(a) Express in terms of x and/or y
(i)
CB
(ii)
DA
(b) If
BC n BE
and
AD m AE
, express
AE
(i) in terms of n, x and y
(ii) in terms of m, x and y , hence, find the value of m and of n.
DIAGRAM 7
5.
DIAGRAM 8
The diagram shows a parallelogram OABC for which
4 OA a
uuur
and
6 OC b
uuur
. M is the
midpoint of AB and MC meets OB at point X.
(a) Given that MX pMC
uuuur uuuur
and OX qOB
uuur uuur
express OX
uuur
in terms of
(i) p , a and b
(ii) q , a and b
(b) Hence, find the values of p and q and state the ratio of XC : MX.
END OF MODULE 14
PROGRAM IBNU SINA TAHUN 2010(ALL As) Page 7
A B
O C
M
X
VECTORS FORM 5
MODULE 14 - ANSWERS
TOPIC : FUNCTIONS

PAPER 1
1.
(a)
1
]
1

2
3
(b) -8i + 5j
2. p = 0 , p = 2
q = 2 , q = 4
3.
(a)

,
_

8
8
(b)

,
_

8
8
8 4
1
4. m = 4 , n = 3
5.
p =
2
7
6. (a) 3(x 2y)
(b) -3x + 4y
7. (a) 2(3b 4a)
(b) 2b + a
3
16
8.

,
_

7
2
53
1
9. 3i + 5j
10. (a) P(6, 6)
(b)

,
_

9
1
PROGRAM IBNU SINA TAHUN 2010(ALL As) Page 8
VECTORS FORM 5
PAPER 2
1.
(a) (i)

,
_

7
2
(ii)

,
_

3
1
(b)

,
_

1
2
5
1
2.
( ) ( )
( ) v u 1
1
1
+

,
_

+
m
m
OB AO AB i a
( ) ( ) v u 5 2
5
2
) (
+

,
_

+
m n
m
n
OC BO BC ii
( )
( )
( )
2 ,
5
7
5 ,
2
7
0 25 3 2
25 2
2
1
5 2
2
1
, 1 2
5
5
2
2
1
5
2
1
5
2
1
1
5
2
2


+

,
_

,
_

,
_

,
_

,
_

m m
n n
n n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
m
n
m
n m b

3.
( ) ( ) y x +
3
2
MQ i a
( ) y x
3
1
3
2
+ ON ii
( ) y
3
1
MN iii
PROGRAM IBNU SINA TAHUN 2010(ALL As) Page 9
VECTORS FORM 5
( )
4
1
4
3
1 4
) 2 ( ) 1 (
) 2 ( 0 3 ) 1 ( 1
0
3
1
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
1
3
2
3
2
3
1
3
2
3
2

+
+
+ +
+
+
k
h k
k h k h
k h k h
k k h h
h h OL
k k ML b
y x y x x
y x
y x
4.
(a) (i)
~
~
6 4 y x CB
(ii)
~
~
6 8 y x DA
(b) (i)
~
~
6 8 y m x m AE +
(ii)
( )
~
~
6 4 4 y n x m AE +
3
1
,
3
1
n m
5.
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
3
1
3
2
2 3 2 1
2 1 2 1 1
6 3 3 4 4 4
3 3 4 4
4 3


+
+
+ +
+ +

p q
q
q p q p
q p q p b
p p
MX AM OA OX i
p MX a
b a
a b
PROGRAM IBNU SINA TAHUN 2010(ALL As) Page 10
VECTORS FORM 5
Hence,
2 : 1 :
2
3
3
1

XC MX
XC MX
XC MX MX
MC MX
END OF MODULE 14
PROGRAM IBNU SINA TAHUN 2010(ALL As) Page 11