UNIT-1 INTRODUCTION SYLLABUS INTRODUCTION 12 Units & Dimensions.

Properties of fluids Specific gravity, specific weight, viscosity, compressibility, vapour pressure and gas laws capillarity and surface tension. Flow characteristics: concepts of system and control volume. Application of control volume to continuity equiation, energy equation, momentum equation and moment of momentum equation.

PART A
1. A soap bubble is formed when the inside pressure is 5 N/m2 above the atmospheric pressure. If surface tension in the soap bubble is 0.0125 N/m, find the diameter of the bubble formed. [APRIL10/1]

2. The converging pipe with inlet and outlet diameters of 200 mm and 150 mm carries the oil whose specific gravity is 0.8. The velocity of oil at the entry is 2.5 m/s, find the velocity at the exit of the pipe and oil flow rate in kg/sec. [APRIL10/2] 3. What is the variation of viscosity with temperature for fluids? [NOV09/1]

.re. re w w w

oo m

4. Find the height of a mountain where the atmospheric pressure is 730 mm of Hg at Normal conditions. [NOV09/2] 5. What is meant by vapour pressure of a fluid? [APRIL10 R-04/1] 6. Distinguish between atmospheric pressure and gauge pressure. [APRIL10 R-04/2] 7. What are Non-Newtonian fluids? Give examples. [NOV09 R-04/1] 8. Mention the uses of a manometer. [NOV09 R-04/2] 9. What do you mean by absolute pressure and gauge pressure? [MAY09 R-04/1] 10. Define the term Kinematic Viscosity and give its dimension. [MAY09 R-04/2] 11. What is meant by continuum? [NOV08 R-04/1] 12. State Pascal's hydrostatic law. [NOV08 R-04/2] 13. What is specific gravity? How is it related to density? [APRIL08 R-04/1] 14. How does the dynamic viscosity of liquids and gases vary with temperature? [APRIL08 R-04/2] 15. How does the dynamic viscosity of (a) liquids and (b) gases vary with temperature? Page 1 of 18

[NOV07 R-04/1] 16. What is the difference between gauge pressure and absolute pressure? [NOV07 R-04/2] 17. Differentiate between solids and liquids. [MAY07 R-04/1] 18. Define the following terms : [MAY07 R-04/2] (a)Total pressure (b)Centre (or) position of pressure. 19. What is meant by capillarity? [NOV06 R-04/1] 20. Define buoyancy. [NOV09 R-04/2]

oo m paa u jinjin ul.cl p .re. re w w .c w

22. State Pascals law. [NOV05/2] PART B 23. A drainage pipe is tapered in a section running with full of water. The pipe diameters at the inlet and exit are 1000 mm and 500 mm respectively. The water surface is 2 m above the centre of the inlet and exit is 3 m above the free surface of the water. The pressure at the exit is 250 mm of Hg vacuum. The friction loss between the inlet, and exit of the pipe is 1/10 of the velocity head at the exit. Determine the discharge through the pipe . [APRIL10/11(a)] 25. Explain the properties of a hydraulic fluid. [NOV09/11(a)] 26. A 0.5 m shaft rotates in a sleeve under lubrication with viscosity 5 poise at 200 rpm. Calculate the power lost for a length of 100 mm if the thickness of the oil is 1 mm. [NOV09/11(b)] 27. (i) Derive Bernoulli's theorem and state its limitations. [APRIL10 R-04/12b(i)] 28. (ii) A horizontal Venturimeter with inlet diameter 200 mm and throat diameter 100 mm is employed to measure the flow of water. The reading of the differential manometer connected to the inlet is 180 mm of mercury. If Cd = 0.98 , determine the rate of flow. [APRIL10 R-04/12b(ii)] 29. Derive continuity equation from basic principles. [NOV09 R-04/12a (i)] 30. Derive Euler's equation of motion for flow along a stream line. What are the assumptions involved. [NOV09 R-04/12b(ii)] 31. A horizontal pipe carrying water is gradually tapering. At one section the diameter is 150 mm and flow velocity is 1.5 m/s. If the drop in pressure is 1.104 bar at a reduced section, determine the Page 2 of 18

21. What is viscosity? What is the cause of it in liquids and in gases? [NOV05/1]

24. A pipe of 300 mm diameter inclined at 30 to the horizontal is carrying gasoline (specific gravity = 0.82). A Venturimeter is fitted in the pipe to find out the flow rate whose throat diameter is 150 mm. The throat is 1.2 m from the entrance along its length. The pressure gauges fitted to the Venturimeter read 140 kN/m2 and 80 kN/m2 respectively. Find out the coefficient of discharge of Venturimeter if the flow is 0.20 m3/s. [APRIL10/11(b)]

diameter of that section. If the drop is 5 kN/m2, what will be the diameter Neglect losses? [NOV09 R-04/12b(ii)] 32. State Bernoulli theorem for steady flow of an incompressible fluid. Derive an expression for Bernoulli equation and state the assumptions made. [MAY09/12b(i)] 33. A 15 cm diameter vertical pipe is connected to 10 cm diameter Vertical pipe with a reducing socket. The pipe carries a flow of 100 1/s. At point 1 in 15 cm pipe gauge pressure is 250 kPa. At point 2 in the 10 cm pipe located 1.0 m below point 1 the gauge pressure is 175 kPa. (1) Find whether the flow is upwards / downwards. (2) Head loss between the two points [NOV08 R-04/12a(i)] 34. Differentiate Venturimeter andOrificemeter. 35. State and prove Bernoulli's Theorem [NOV08 R-04/12a(ii)] [NOV08 R-04/12b(i)]

36. Air flows through a pipe at a rate of 200 L/s. The pipe consists of two sections of diameters 20 cm and 10 cm with a smooth reducing section that connects them. The pressure difference between the two pipe sections is measured by a water manometer. Neglecting frictional effects, determine the differential height of water between the two pipe sections. Take the air density to be 1.20 kg/m3.

w w w

[MAY08 R-04/12b(i)] 37. A Pitot-static probe is used to measure the velocity of an aircraft flying at 3000 m. If the differential pressure reading is 3 kPa, determine the velocity of the aircraft. [MAY08 R-04/12b(ii)] 38. Obtain an expression for continuity equation in Cartesian coordinates. [NOV07 R-04/12a(i)] 39. A 300 mm x 150 mm Venturimeter is provided in a vertical pipe line carrying oil of relative density 0.9, the flow being upwards. The differential U tube mercury manometer shows a gauge deflection of 250 mm, calculate the discharge of oil, if the coefficient of meter is 0.98. [NOV07 R-04/12b(ii)] 40. A horizontal venture meter of specification 200 mm x 100 mm is used to measure the discharge of an oil of specific gravity 0.8. A mercury manometer is used for the purpose. If the discharge is 100 litres per second and the coefficient of discharge of meter is 0.98, find the manometer deflection. [MAY,07 R-04/12a(ii)] 41. Derive Bernoulli's equation along with assumptions made. 42. Mention any three applications of Bernoulli's theorem. [MAY07 R-04/12b(i)] [NOV06 R-04/12b(i)]

43. A horizontal venturimeter with inlet diameter 200 mm and throat diameter 100 mm is employed to measure the flow of water. The readings of the differential manometer connected to the inlet is 180 mm of mercury. If Cd= .98, determine the rate of flow. [N0V06 R-04/12b(ii)] Page 3 of 18

UNIT II SYLLABUS

FLOW THROUGH CIRCULAR CONDUITS

FLOW THROUG CIRCULAR CONDUITS 12 Laminar flow though circular conduits and circular annuli. Boundary layer concepts. Boundary layer thickness. Hydraulic and energy gradient. Darcy Weisbach equaition. Friction factor and Moody diagram. Commercial pipes. Minor losses. Flow though pipes in series and in parallel.

LAMINAR FLOW THOUGH CIRCULAR CONDUITS AND CIRCULAR ANNULI PART A

m oo m paa u jinjin ul.cl p .re. re w w .c w

2. Write down four examples of laminar flow. [NOV/DEC 2006/5] 3. Sketch velocity distribution curves for laminar and turbulent flows in a pipe. [NOV/DEC 2006/6] 4. What is the physical significance of Reynold's number? [MAY/JUNE 2007/5] PART B 5. 6. What is meant by critical Reynolds number. (6) [NOV/DEC 2006/13a(i)] Obtain a relationship between shear stress and pressure gradient. (10) [NOV/DEC 2006/13a(ii)] 7. Derive an expression for the velocity distribution for viscous flow through a circular pipe. (8) [MAY/JUNE 2007/13a(i)] Derive Hagen- poiseuille equation state the assumptions made. (16) [NOV/DEC 2005/14a] 8. BOUNDARY LAYER CONCEPTS PART A 1. Define boundary layer and give its significance. [APR10/3] [DEC 09/6] 2. Define the term Drag and Lift[APR09/6] [NOV 09/6] [NOV 05/6] PART B 3. What do you mean by displacement thickness and momentum thickness? (6) [NOV 08/13b(ii)] 4. The velocity distribution in the boundary layer is given by u/U =y/, where u is the velocity at a distance y from the plate u=U at y =, being boundary layer thickness. Find the displacement thickness, momentum thickness and energy thickness. (16) [APR10/13b] Page 4 of 18

1.

Differentiate between laminar and turbulent flow. [NOV/DEC 2005/5]

www.rejinpaul.com
5. A flat plate 1.5 m x 1.5 m moves at 50 km/h in a stationary air of density 1.15 kg/m3. If the coefficient of drag and lift are 0.15 and 0.75 respectively, determine (i) the lift force (ii) the drag force (iii) the resultant force and (iv) the power required to set the plate in motion. (16) [NOV 09/13b] FLOW THROUGH PIPES PART A 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. List any four minor losses in a pipe flow. [MAY/JUNE 2007/6] [JUNE10 R-4/4] What is meant by equivalent pipe? (6) [NOV/DEC 2006/13b(i)] Find the loss of head when a pipe of diameter 200 mm is suddenly enlarged to a diameter of 400 mm. Rate of flow of water through the pipe is 250 litres/s. [JUNE 10/4] List the causes of minor energy losses in flow through pipes. [DEC 09/3] What is T.E.L.? [DEC 09/4] What is Hydraulic Gradient Line? [JUNE 09/6] PART B

m oo m paa u jinjin ul.cl p .re. re w w .c w

9. Derive an expression for head loss through pipes due to friction. (16) [JUNE10 R-4/13a] 10. Explain the losses of energy in flow through pipes. (16) [DEC 09/12a] 11. Determine the equivalent pipe corresponding to 3 pipes in series with lengths and diameters L1,L2,L3,d1,d2,d3 respectively. (16) [DEC 09/12b] 12. The velocity of water in a pipe 200mm diameter is 5m/s. The length of the pipe is 50m. Find the loss of head due to friction, if f= 0.08. (4) [NOV/DEC 2005/14b(ii)] 13. The rate of flow of water through a horizontal pipe is 0.25 m3/sec.The diameter of the pipe which is 20 cm is suddenly enlarged to 40 cm. The pressure intensity in the smaller pipe is 11.772 N/cm2. Determine : Loss of head due to sudden enlargement, Pressure intensity in larger pipe, Power loss due to enlargement. (9) [JUNE 09/13a(i)] 14. An oil of sp.gravity 0.7 is flowing through a pipe of diameter 30 cm at the rate of 500 litres/sec. Find the head lost due to friction and power required to maintain the flow for a length of 1000 m. Take = 0.29 stokes. (8) [JUNE 09/13b(ii)] 15. Three pipes of 400 mm, 350 mm and 300 mm diameter are connected in series between two reservoirs. With a difference in level of 12 m. Friction factor is 0.024, 0.021 and 0.019 respectively. The lengths are 200 m, 300 m and 250 m. Determine flow rate neglecting minor losses. (8) [DEC 09 R-4/13a(ii)]

Page 5 of 18

Thank you for evaluating Wondershare PDF to Word.

You can only convert 5 pages with the trial version.

To get all the pages converted, you need to purchase the software from:

http://cbs.wondershare.com/go.php?pid=417&m=db