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CH 02 Tut Rel
CH 02 Tut Rel
Nolan
The length contraction is given by equation 1.60 as L = Lo sqrt[1 - (v2)/(c2)] L=( 1 ) x sqrt[1- ( 3.00E+07 m/s)2 / ( 3.00E+08 m/s)2] L = 0.994987 m
The contraction in length as the speed increases is calculated by the above equation and is shown in the table below.
v (%c) 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 v (m) 0.00E+00 1.50E+07 3.00E+07 4.50E+07 6.00E+07 7.50E+07 9.00E+07 1.05E+08 1.20E+08 1.35E+08 1.50E+08 1.65E+08 1.80E+08 1.95E+08 2.10E+08 2.25E+08 2.40E+08 L (m) 1.000 0.999 0.995 0.989 0.980 0.968 0.954 0.937 0.917 0.893 0.866 0.835 0.800 0.760 0.714 0.661 0.600
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Interactive Tutorial, Chapter 02 Problem 35 Fundamentals of the Theory of Relativity Dr. Peter J. Nolan 0.527 0.436 0.312 0.222 0.000
The contraction of the length of the rod L versus the speed v is shown in the graph below.
Length Contraction 1.200 1.000 Length L 0.800 0.600 0.400 0.200 0.000 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 Speed v in terms of speed of light.
To return to the chapter in the textbook, do one of the following: 1. If you are using this from a CD, then close Excel by clicking on the X in the very top right-hand corner of this screen. If you are asked to save the document, say no. When Excel closes, you will be returned to the turorials in the textbook. 2. If you are accessing this from a web page, press the go Back button on the top of your browser page. If you are asked to save the document, say no. When Excel closes, you will be returned to the first page of the present chapter. You can then go to whatever page you want in that chapter by sliding the Scroll Bar box on the right-hand side of the screen.
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Interactive Tutorial, Chapter 02 Problem 36 Fundamentals of the Theory of Relativity Dr. Peter J. Nolan
For speeds that are not given in terms of the speed of light c use the following converter to find the equivalent speed in terms of the speed of light c. Then place the equivalent speed into the yellow cell for v above. v= 1610 km/hr = 447.58 m/s = 1.49E-06 c v = 1.61E+06 m/s = 5.37E-03 c The time dilation is given by equation 1.64 as Dt = Dto / sqrt[1 - (v2)/(c2)] Dt = (
2 2 1 hr) /sqrt[1- ( 1.50E+08 m/s) / ( 3.00E+08 m/s) ] Dt = 1.154701 hr
v (%c) 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65
v (m/s) 0.00E+00 1.50E+07 3.00E+07 4.50E+07 6.00E+07 7.50E+07 9.00E+07 1.05E+08 1.20E+08 1.35E+08 1.50E+08 1.65E+08 1.80E+08 1.95E+08
Dt (s) 1.000 1.001 1.005 1.011 1.021 1.033 1.048 1.068 1.091 1.120 1.155 1.197 1.250 1.316
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Interactive Tutorial, Chapter 02 Problem 36 Fundamentals of the Theory of Relativity Dr. Peter J. Nolan 1.400 1.512 1.667 1.898 2.294 3.203 4.500 7.089
The time dilation of the clock, Dt, versus the speed v is shown in the graph below.
Time Dilation 8 7 6 Time Dt 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Speed v in terms of speed of light.
To return to the chapter in the textbook, do one of the following: 1. If you are using this from a CD, then close Excel by clicking on the X in the very top right-hand corner of this screen. If you are asked to save the document, say no. When Excel closes, you will be returned to the turorials in the textbook. 2. If you are accessing this from a web page, press the go Back button on the top of your browser page. If you are asked to save the document, say no. When Excel closes, you will be returned to the first page of the present chapter. You can then go to whatever page you want in that chapter by sliding the Scroll Bar box on the right-hand side of the screen.
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Interactive Tutorial, Chapter 02 Problem 37 Fundamentals of the Theory of Relativity Dr. Peter J. Nolan
= =
c = 3.00E+08 m/s
The relative velocity of approach of spaceship one as observed by the S' observer on rocket ship two is found from equation 1.75 as Vx' = [Vx - v] / [1 - (v/c2) Vx] Vx' = [( -4.85E-01 c) ( 6.55E-01 c)] / [(1 - {( 1.96E+08 m/s) / ( 3.00E+08 m/s)2} x ( -1.45E+08 m/s)] Vx' = -0.86516 c = -2.59E+08 m/s
To return to the chapter in the textbook, do one of the following: 1. If you are using this from a CD, then close Excel by clicking on the X in the very top right-hand corner of this screen. If you are asked to save the document, say no. When Excel closes, you will be returned to the turorials in the textbook. 2. If you are accessing this from a web page, press the go Back button on the top of your browser page. If you are asked to save the document, say no. When Excel closes, you will be returned to the first page of the present chapter. You can then go to whatever page you want in that chapter by sliding the Scroll Bar box on the right-hand side of the screen.
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Interactive Tutorial, Chapter 02 Problem 38 Fundamentals of the Theory of Relativity Dr. Peter J. Nolan
c=
1.07E+08 m/s
3.00E+08 m/s
For speeds that are not given in terms of the speed of light c use the following converter to find the equivalent speed in terms of the speed of light c. Then place the equivalent speed into the yellow cell for v above. v= 1610 km/hr = 447.58 m/s = 1.49E-06 c v = 1.61E+06 m/s = 5.37E-03 c The relativistic mass is given by equation 1.86 as m = mo / sqrt[1 - (v2)/(c2)] m=( 2.55 kg)/sqrt[1 - ( 1.07E+08 m/s)2 / ( 3.00E+08 m/s)2] m = 2.72766277 kg
To return to the chapter in the textbook, do one of the following: 1. If you are using this from a CD, then close Excel by clicking on the X in the very top right-hand corner of this screen. If you are asked to save the document, say no. When Excel closes, you will be returned to the turorials in the textbook. 2. If you are accessing this from a web page, press the go Back button on the top of your browser page. If you are asked to save the document, say no. When Excel closes, you will be returned to the first page of the present chapter. You can then go to whatever page you want in that chapter by sliding the Scroll Bar box on the right-hand side of the screen.
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Interactive Tutorial, Chapter 02 Problem 39 Fundamentals of the Theory of Relativity Dr. Peter J. Nolan
c= 3.00E+07 m/s
3.00E+08 m/s
The relativistic mass is given by equation 29.86 as m = mo / sqrt[1 - (v2)/(c2)] m=( 1 kg)/sqrt[1-( 3.00E+07 m/s)2 / ( 3.00E+08 m/s)2] m = 1.005038 kg
The contraction in length and increase in mass as the speed increases is calculated by the above equations and is shown in the table below.
v (%c) 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 v (m/s) 0.00E+00 1.50E+07 3.00E+07 4.50E+07 6.00E+07 7.50E+07 9.00E+07 1.05E+08 1.20E+08 1.35E+08 1.50E+08 1.65E+08 1.80E+08 1.95E+08 2.10E+08 2.25E+08 2.40E+08 2.55E+08 m (kg) 1.000 1.001 1.005 1.011 1.021 1.033 1.048 1.068 1.091 1.120 1.155 1.197 1.250 1.316 1.400 1.512 1.667 1.898
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Interactive Tutorial, Chapter 02 Problem 39 Fundamentals of the Theory of Relativity Dr. Peter J. Nolan 0.9 0.95 0.975 1 2.70E+08 2.85E+08 2.93E+08 3.00E+08 2.294 3.203 4.500 #DIV/0!
The increase in the mass m of the rod versus the speed v is shown in the graph below.
Increase in mass with speed 5.000 4.500 4.000 3.500 3.000 2.500 2.000 1.500 1.000 0.500 0.000 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 Speed v 0.8 1 1.2
To return to the chapter in the textbook, do one of the following: 1. If you are using this from a CD, then close Excel by clicking on the X in the very top right-hand corner of this screen. If you are asked to save the document, say no. When Excel closes, you will be returned to the turorials in the textbook. 2. If you are accessing this from a web page, press the go Back button on the top of your browser page. If you are asked to save the document, say no. When Excel closes, you will be returned to the first page of the present chapter. You can then go to whatever page you want in that chapter by sliding the Scroll Bar box on the right-hand side of the screen.
Mass m
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Interactive Tutorial, Chapter 02 Problem 40 Fundamentals of the Theory of Relativity Dr. Peter J. Nolan
a. The kinetic energy of the electron is found from KE = work done = q V KE = ( 1.60E-19 C) x ( 4.55E+05 V) KE = 7.29E-14 J = 4.56E-01 Mev b. The rest mass energy of the electron is found from equation 1.102 as Eo = mo c2 2 Eo = ( 9.11E-31 kg) x ( 3.00E+08 m/s) Eo = 8.19E-14 J =
5.12E-01 Mev
c. The total relativistic energy is found from equation 1.103 as E = KE + Eo E = ( 4.56E-01 Mev) + ( 5.12E-01 Mev) E= 9.67E-01 Mev d. The speed of the electron is found by solving equation 1.96 for the speed v. That is, KE = {(mo c2) / sqrt[1 - (v2)/(c2)]} - mo c2 KE = {(Eo) / sqrt[1 - (v2)/(c2)]} - Eo and the speed v is found as v = c sqrt[1 - [1 / {(KE/Eo) + 1}]2]
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Interactive Tutorial, Chapter 02 Problem 40 Fundamentals of the Theory of Relativity Dr. Peter J. Nolan
v = c sqrt[ 1 - [1 /{ ( 4.56E-01 Mev) / ( 5.12E-01 ) + 1} ] ] v = c sqrt[ 1 - [1 /{ ( 8.90E-01 ) + 1} ]2 ] v= 0.8486 c = 2.54E+08 m/s e. The relativistic mass is given by equation 1.86 as m = mo / sqrt[1 - (v2)/(c2)] m = ( 9.11E-31 kg)/sqrt[1- ( 2.54E+08 m/s)2 / ( 3.00E+08 m/s)2] m = 1.722E-30 kg f. The momentum of the electron is found from equation 1.90 as p=mv p = ( 1.72E-30 kg) x ( 2.54E+08 m/s) p = 4.381E-22 kg m/s
To return to the chapter in the textbook, do one of the following: 1. If you are using this from a CD, then close Excel by clicking on the X in the very top right-hand corner of this screen. If you are asked to save the document, say no. When Excel closes, you will be returned to the turorials in the textbook. 2. If you are accessing this from a web page, press the go Back button on the top of your browser page. If you are asked to save the document, say no. When Excel closes, you will be returned to the first page of the present chapter. You can then go to whatever page you want in that chapter by sliding the Scroll Bar box on the right-hand side of the screen.
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