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Nato
Nato
Introduction to NATO
What is NATO? What does NATO do? How does NATO work?
What is NATO?
WHAT IS NATO ?
What is NATO?
NATOs fundamental role and enduring purpose is to safeguard the freedom and security of its member countries by political and military means.
What is NATO?
A political organization
reinforcing security by reducing the risk of conflict
DIALOGUE / CONSENSUS
COOPERATION
What is NATO?
A military organization
when diplomatic efforts fail
What is NATO?
28 Member countries
A political and military organization Member countries Sharing common values 1949 Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, United Kingdom, United States Greece, Turkey Germany
1952 1955
1982
1999 2004
Spain
Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia Albania, Croatia
2009
What is NATO?
Solidarity
Rule of law
Common heritage
What is NATO?
What is NATO?
Crisis Management - address the full spectrum of crises before, during & after conflicts Cooperative Security - partnerships - arms control, non-proliferation disarmament - enlargement
What is NATO?
10
What is NATO?
Helps to create a stable environment Welcomes new members Forges partnerships Leads crisis management operations Combats existing and emerging threats Develops military capabilities
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What is NATO?
Stimulates consultation
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What is NATO?
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What is NATO?
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What is NATO?
Forges partnerships
Helps to create a stable environment Welcomes new members Forges partnerships
15
What is NATO?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council Partnership for Peace NATO-Russia NATO-Ukraine NATO-Georgia Mediterranean Dialogue Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Other international organizations Partners across the globe
Multilateral forum for security dialogue and cooperation 50 members: 28 NATO Allies + 22 Partners Political framework for:
- multilateral cooperation with non-members in the Euro-Atlantic area - bilateral relations with individual Partners under Partnership for Peace
16
What is NATO?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council Partnership for Peace NATO-Russia NATO-Ukraine NATO-Georgia Mediterranean Dialogue Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Other international organizations Partners across the globe
Cooperation programmes
17
What is NATO?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council Partnership for Peace NATO-Russia NATO-Ukraine NATO-Georgia Mediterranean Dialogue Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Other international organizations Partners across the globe
22 Partners
Armenia Austria Georgia Ireland Montenegro Russia Ukraine Uzbekistan
Azerbaijan
Belarus Bosnia and Herzegovina Finland
Kazakhstan
Kyrghyz Republic Malta Republic of Moldova
Serbia
Sweden Switzerland Tajikistan Turkmenistan
previous
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What is NATO?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council Partnership for Peace NATO-Russia NATO-Ukraine NATO-Georgia Mediterranean Dialogue Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Other international organizations Partners across the globe
Key areas of practical cooperation Individual Partnership Programmes Individual Partnership Action Plans Planning and Review Process Partnership Action Plan Against Terrorism Partnership for Peace Trust Funds Partnership Action Plan on Defence Institution Building Education and Training for Defence Reform
previous
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Partnership for Peace:
Forges partnerships
Practical cooperation Individual Partnership Programmes Individual Partnership Action Plans Planning and Review Process Partnership Action Plan Against Terrorism Partnership for Peace Trust Funds Partnership Action Plan on Defence Institution Building Education and Training for Defence Reform
Key areas of practical cooperation Defence reform and modernization of armed forces Capabilities for multinational crisis-management operations Terrorism and new security challenges
20
What is NATO?
Xtra
Partnership for Peace:
Forges partnerships
Practical cooperation Individual Partnership Programmes Individual Partnership Action Plans Planning and Review Process Partnership Action Plan Against Terrorism Partnership for Peace Trust Funds Partnership Action Plan on Defence Institution Building Education and Training for Defence Reform
Activities drawn from wide range of areas identified in Euro-Atlantic Partnership Work Plan
Defence policy and planning Civil-military relations Education and training Air defence Communications and information systems
Crisis management
Civil emergency planning Civil science
Two-year programmes 21
What is NATO?
Xtra
Partnership for Peace:
Forges partnerships
Practical cooperation Individual Partnership Programmes Individual Partnership Action Plans Planning and Review Process Partnership Action Plan Against Terrorism Partnership for Peace Trust Funds Partnership Action Plan on Defence Institution Building Education and Training for Defence Reform
Two-year plans Currently: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Montenegro Republic of Moldova
22
What is NATO?
Xtra
Partnership for Peace:
Forges partnerships
Practical cooperation Individual Partnership Programmes Individual Partnership Action Plans Planning and Review Process Partnership Action Plan Against Terrorism Partnership for Peace Trust Funds Partnership Action Plan on Defence Institution Building Education and Training for Defence Reform
Open to all Partners on a voluntary basis Identifies and evaluates forces and capabilities for NATOled training, exercises and operations Guides and measures defence and military progress in participating Partner countries Provides a planning mechanism for Partner countries that are also European Union (EU) members Countries that wish to join NATO must participate in PARP
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Partnership for Peace:
Forges partnerships
Practical cooperation Individual Partnership Programmes Individual Partnership Action Plans Planning and Review Process Partnership Action Plan Against Terrorism Partnership for Peace Trust Funds Partnership Action Plan on Defence Institution Building Education and Training for Defence Reform
24
What is NATO?
Xtra
Partnership for Peace:
Forges partnerships
Practical cooperation Individual Partnership Programmes Individual Partnership Action Plans Planning and Review Process Partnership Action Plan Against Terrorism Partnership for Peace Trust Funds Partnership Action Plan on Defence Institution Building Education and Training for Defence Reform
Projects led by NATO and Partner country funded by voluntary contributions Assist in safe destruction of
Stock-piled anti-personnel mines Other stock-piled munitions
25
What is NATO?
Xtra
Partnership for Peace:
Forges partnerships
Practical cooperation Individual Partnership Programmes Individual Partnership Action Plans Planning and Review Process Partnership Action Plan Against Terrorism Partnership for Peace Trust Funds Partnership Action Plan on Defence Institution Building Education and Training for Defence Reform
Help reform and restructure defence institutions to meet domestic and international needs
Define common objectives Exchange information Help tailor bilateral defence assistance programmes
Objectives include
Democratic control of defence activities Civilian participation in developing security policy Transparency and accountability
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Partnership for Peace:
Forges partnerships
Aims to help interested Partner countries implement the Partnership Action Plan for Defence Institution Building
A network of educational institutions developed in NATO and Partner countries to support this effort
27
What is NATO?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council Partnership for Peace NATO-Russia NATO-Ukraine NATO-Georgia Mediterranean Dialogue Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Other international organizations Partners across the globe
NATO-Russia Council
- Established by Rome Declaration (2002)
- Builds on Founding Act on Mutual Relations, Cooperation and Security between NATO and the Russian Federation (1997)
Practical cooperation
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What is NATO?
Xtra
NATO-Russia relations:
Forges partnerships
Rome Declaration (2002) on NATO-Russia relations: a new quality New impetus and substance to relations Establishes the NATO-Russia Council (NRC)
- 29 NRC members : equal partners - NRC replaces previous NATO-Russia Permanent Joint Council
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What is NATO?
Xtra
NATO-Russia relations:
Forges partnerships
The Founding Act on Mutual Relations, Cooperation and Security between NATO and the Russian Federation (1997)
NATO and Russia do not consider each other as adversaries
Wide agenda of topics for cooperation Establishes the NATO-Russia Permanent Joint Council (replaced by NATO-Russia Council 2002)
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What is NATO?
Xtra
NATO-Russia relations:
Forges partnerships
Cooperation on
Terrorism and new threats and challenges Crisis management Afghan counter-narcotics training
Non-proliferation
Arms control and confidence-building measures Theatre missile defence Military-to-military cooperation and defence reform Civil emergencies
31
What is NATO?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council Partnership for Peace NATO-Russia NATO-Ukraine NATO-Georgia Mediterranean Dialogue Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Other international organizations Partners across the globe
NATO-Ukraine Charter on a Distinctive Partnership between the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and Ukraine (1997)
Key priorities: - defence and security reform - support for NATO-led crisis management operations
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What is NATO?
Xtra
NATO-Georgia relations:
Forges partnerships
Discusses security issues of common interest Directs practical cooperation Adopts Annual National Programme (ANP) Established by the NATO-Ukraine Charter (1997)
NUC Charter
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What is NATO?
Xtra
NATO-Georgia relations:
Forges partnerships
NUC Charter
NATO-Ukraine Charter on a Distinctive Partnership between the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and Ukraine (1997) Reaffirms NATO support for Ukrainian
sovereignty independence territorial integrity democratic development economic prosperity status as a non-nuclear weapons state
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What is NATO?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council Partnership for Peace NATO-Russia NATO-Ukraine NATO-Georgia Mediterranean Dialogue Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Other international organizations Partners across the globe
35
What is NATO?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council Partnership for Peace NATO-Russia NATO-Ukraine NATO-Georgia Mediterranean Dialogue Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Other international organizations Partners across the globe
36
What is NATO?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council Partnership for Peace NATO-Russia NATO-Ukraine NATO-Georgia Mediterranean Dialogue Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Other international organizations Partners across the globe
37
What is NATO?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic partnership council Partnership for Peace NATO-Russia NATO-Ukraine NATO-Georgia Mediterranean Dialogue Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Other international organizations Partners across the globe
United Nations European Union Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Council of Europe African Union Non-governmental organizations
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Other international organizations:
Forges partnerships
Active cooperation on maintaining international peace and security since early 1990s
NATO-UN Relations
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Other international organizations:
Forges partnerships
NATO-EU relations
1994: European Security and Defence Identity 1994: Combined Joint Task Force concept 2001: Beginning institutionalized relations 2003: Berlin Plus Package
Basis for practical cooperation in crisis management
40
What is NATO?
Forges partnerships
Euro-Atlantic partnership council Partnership for Peace NATO-Russia NATO-Ukraine NATO-Georgia Mediterranean Dialogue Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Other international organizations Partners across the globe
Bilateral relations with partners across the globe that are not part of formal partnership structures Different degrees of cooperation:
- Sharing common values and strategic concerns, deepening relations with NATO and cooperating in areas of common concern (e.g. Australia, Japan, New Zealand and the Republic of Korea) - Developing consultation and cooperation in specific areas (e.g. Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq) - Developing a dialogue with NATO and being informed of it's agenda (eg. China and India)
41
What is NATO?
The Mediterranean
Gulf of Aden Support to African Union Previous Balkan operations
42
What is NATO?
Xtra
Leads crisis management operations and missions
NATO in Afghanistan NATO in Kosovo NATO in Iraq The Mediterranean Gulf of Aden NATO and Africa Previous Balkan operations
Transition phase
Afghans to take lead for their own security Estimated time-line 2011-2014
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Leads crisis management operations and missions
NATO in Afghanistan NATO in Kosovo NATO in Iraq The Mediterranean Gulf of Aden NATO and Africa Previous Balkan operations
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Leads crisis management operations and missions
NATO in Afghanistan NATO in Kosovo NATO in Iraq The Mediterranean Gulf of Aden NATO and Africa Previous Balkan operations
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Leads crisis management operations and missions
NATO in Afghanistan NATO in Kosovo NATO in Iraq The Mediterranean Gulf of Aden NATO and Africa Previous Balkan operations
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Leads crisis management operations and missions
NATO in Afghanistan NATO in Kosovo NATO in Iraq The Mediterranean Gulf of Aden NATO and Africa Previous Balkan operations
Counter-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden and off the horn of Africa
47
What is NATO?
Xtra
Leads crisis management operations and missions
NATO in Afghanistan NATO in Kosovo NATO in Iraq The Mediterranean Gulf of Aden NATO and Africa Previous Balkan operations
Logistical support provided to African Union Mission in Sudan June 2005 to December 2007
Assistance offered to follow-on UN-AU hybrid mission in Sudan
48
What is NATO?
Xtra
Leads crisis management operations and missions
NATO in Afghanistan NATO in Kosovo NATO in Iraq The Mediterranean Gulf of Aden NATO and Africa Previous Balkan operations
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What is NATO?
Article 5
Operation Active Endeavour
Non-Article 5
NATO operations in Afghanistan
Assistance to Partners
e.g., the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia *
previous
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What is NATO?
previous
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Civil Emergency Planning
Role
Coordinate responses to disasters, in consultation with UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs Focal point for information sharing
Origins
Established in 1998 on initiative of Russia
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Civil Emergency Planning
Non-standing, multinational mix of national civil and military elements volunteered by members and partners
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What is NATO?
Missile defence Terrorism Spread of weapons of mass destruction Cyber defence Energy security
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Combats existing and emerging threats
Missile defence Terrorism Weapons of Mass Destruction Initiative (1999) Cyber defence
Alliance Theatre Missile Defence (TMD) system to protect troops Missile defence for protection of NATO territory & populations in Europe Missile defence cooperation with Russia
55
What is NATO?
Xtra
Combats existing and emerging threats
Missile defence Terrorism Weapons of Mass Destruction Initiative (1999) Cyber defence
Operation Active Endeavour (2001) International Security Assistance Force (2003) Terrorist threat Intelligence Unit (2005) AWACS Surveillance missions Increased cooperation with Partners, international organizations and global partners Adapted military capabilities (e.g. Programme of Work for Defence Against Terrorism)
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Combats existing and emerging threats
Missile defence Terrorism Weapons of Mass Destruction Initiative (1999) Cyber defence
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What is NATO?
Xtra
Combats existing and emerging threats
Missile defence Terrorism Weapons of Mass Destruction Initiative (1999) Cyber defence
Principal activities:
-
assisting individual Allies research & training: Centre of Excellence, Tallinn, Estonia cooperation with partners
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What is NATO?
Missile defence
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What is NATO?
NATO Response Force (NRF) Military command structure Reform of the defence planning process Alliance Ground Surveillance (AGS) Missile defence
Meet current priority shortfalls for operations Deal with evolving & emerging threats Critical long-term enabling capabilities for operations (counter-IEDs, strategic airlift, )
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What is NATO?
Lisbon Capabilities Package (2010) NATO Response Force NATO Response Force (NRF) (NRF)
Military command structure Reform of the defence planning process Alliance Ground Surveillance (AGS) Missile defence
Deployable after five days notice and sustainable for 30 days and more if re-supplied
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What is NATO?
NATO Response Force (NRF) Military command structure Reform Reform of the defence planning process Alliance Ground Surveillance (AGS) Missile defence
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What is NATO?
NATO Response Force (NRF) Military command structure Reform Reform of the defence planning process Alliance Ground Surveillance (AGS) Missile defence
Defence planning process: an instrument to ensure that members generate the necessary capabilities to fulfil NATO missions
63
What is NATO?
Airborne, stand-off ground surveillance system Detect and track vehicles moving on or near the ground Multinational cooperative effort 15 participating countries Alliance Ground Surveillance Agency - 2009
NATO Response Force (NRF) Military command structure Reform Reform of the defence planning process Alliance Ground Surveillance (AGS) Missile defence
64
What is NATO?
Alliance Theatre Missile Defence (TMD) system to protect troops Missile defence for protection of NATO territory & populations in Europe Missile defence cooperation with Russia
NATO Response Force (NRF) Military command structure Reform Reform of the defence planning process Alliance Ground Surveillance (AGS) Missile defence
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What is NATO?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Consensus decision-making Civil and military structure Delegations Main bodies NATO Secretary General International Staff International Military Staff
8.
9.
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What is NATO?
Consensus decision-making
Consensus decisionmaking Civil and military structure Delegations Main bodies NATO Secretary General International Staff International Military Staff Military command structure Agencies Paying for NATO
An inter-governmental organization where decisions are taken jointly by each member country
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What is NATO?
International Military Staff Military command structure Agencies Paying for NATO
Secretary General
Strategic Commands
International Staff
Allied Command Operations Allied Command Transformation
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What is NATO?
Delegations
Consensus decisionmaking Civil and military structure Delegations Main bodies NATO Secretary General International Staff International Military Staff Military command structure Agencies Paying for NATO
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What is NATO?
Main bodies
Consensus decisionmaking Civil and military structure Delegations Main bodies NATO Secretary General International Staff International Military Staff Military command structure Agencies Paying for NATO
70
What is NATO?
Main bodies
Key political decision-making body Forum to discuss policy and operational questions Chaired by Secretary General Meets at different levels Established by Article 9 of Washington Treaty Authority to set up subsidiary bodies
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What is NATO?
Main bodies
Ultimate authority with regard to nuclear policy issues Reviews the Alliances nuclear policy in the light of changing security environment All members except for France Chaired by NATO Secretary General Meets at different levels
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What is NATO?
Main bodies
Senior military advisory authority Under authority of NAC and NPG Provides guidance to two strategic commanders Meets at different levels Chairman selected by Chiefs of Staff for three-year term
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What is NATO?
Spokesperson
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What is NATO?
International Staff
Consensus decisionmaking Civil and military structure Delegations Main bodies NATO Secretary General International Staff International Military Staff Military command structure Agencies Paying for NATO
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What is NATO?
International Staff
Consensus decisionmaking Civil and military structure Delegations Main bodies NATO Secretary General International Staff International Military Staff
Office of Resources Office of the Financial Controller Executive Management Division NATO Office of Security Senior Resource Board Civil and Military Budget Committees Secretary General Deputy Secretary General International Board of Auditors
previous
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What is NATO?
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What is NATO?
Intelligence Division
previous
Operations Division
NHQC3S*
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What is NATO?
Reform ongoing
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What is NATO?
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What is NATO?
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What is NATO?
Agencies
Consensus decisionmaking Civil and military structure Delegations Main bodies NATO Secretary General International Staff International Military Staff Military command structure Agencies Paying for NATO
Communications
Research Other agencies and organizations
Project offices
Reform ongoing
82
What is NATO?
Indirect contributions
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What is NATO?
Operating costs of the International Staff Civilian programmes Running costs of HQ facilities
Conference services Meetings of NATO committees Security services
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What is NATO?
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What is NATO?
Major construction and system Investments that exceed national defence requirements of individual member countries
Communications and information systems
Radar Military HQ Airfields Fuel pipelines and storage
Harbours
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