Con Man Revision

1.Project Delivery 2.Project Planning 3.Consultation 4.Estimating & Tendering 5. Site Organisation 6.Project Control approach 7.Project Delivery Project Delivery (Procurement) The clients choose the delivery method, and the payment is the final product. Whereas the Manufacturing industry has a range of goods that are manufactured and customers can procure the ones they want which are ready for delivery. Ergonomics Security Life span Safety Operability Impact on environment Factors considered when buying manufacturing goods Durability Appearance Background Reading Civil Engineering Procedure, 6th edition (2009) Telford. Greenhalgh, Brian. Intro to building procurement. Mawdesley, M.J Planning and controlling construction projects.

Health Issues

(Trans-) portability

Running cost, depreciation

Size (physical, power weight

Value for money Manufacturing history

Fitness for purpose

Riskiness Waste

Storage/positioning

Sustainability

Customers choose what satisfies their particular specifications, so factors are differently weighted. In construction the customers (clients) dont usually have pre-made products but have to specify what they want in consultation with others, as well as bringing the product to completion. The contractor has responsibility over the project management of the construction stage of project delivery. This involves quality, safety and other aspects where systems need to be put in place. (Look at the traditional system and other alternative project delivery options) Managing and control over project needs consideration. British Standard of project Procurement Construction Procedures need to be followed, as well as the international standard.

Project Delivery
Typical Project Stages Phases from project inception to completion Parties and organisations which get involved in various stages

Key phases of a construction project include (which may overlap): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Inception Appraisal Design Construction Commissioning Operation Maintenance Demolition

Conventional Project
In a conventional project the parties that carry out the appraisal, design and construction phases are engaged in a competitive bidding fee or tendering process. This happens before the above phases. Fast Track- The design phase may not be completed before the construction phase, which gives an example of overlapping. This leads to a quicker completion of the project. Appraisal Client often engages consultants. This is provided by in0house resources or an independent organization, or more often after a fee competition. Principle consultant for civil engineering is a consulting engineer and for the building, an architect. Consultant performs a feasibility study Consultant reports back to client Client decides on whether to proceed or not

Consultant identifies requirements

Design

Client often engages the same consultants, to produce overall design. This includes safety, cost, environmental impacts etc.

Consultant advises on type of contract (ad-measurement type)

Consultant produces detailed documents.

Bidding (tendering) to build Client invites contractors for bidding competition Contractors estimate costs, program and methods. This takes into account safety and environment impact, as well as quality and resources. Contractor submits tender Client assesses tenders and advises client Client starts a contract with the contractor to build. The consultant is usually kept and is given a role in the contract. (i.e. civil engineer for civil engineering

Construction

Contractor plans work from finances, resources, permission, and environmental awareness aspects.

Contractor starts building, obeying the right quality, safety and environmental concerns.

Client representative monitors construction

Contractor claims for allowed extras.

Client representative, authorizes payments for work done, and considers claims.

Client representative pays contractor.

Construction ad contract completed, subject to liabilities.

Commissioning Usually part of the construction phase to approve completion of construction contract.

Operation Consultant may monitor performance of facility

Maintenance Consultant will authorize maintenance work which may be regarded as a separate project following the same procedures.

Demolition This may proceed at the first part of the construction project, or part of an entirely new construction contract. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Typical Project Documents

Standard documents/guides help assist the construction and design phase of a project. At the end of the design phase, a set of documents will have been produced. These documents can be released before the end the whole project is ready.

Documents may include (for conventional civil engineering project) Drawings, specification, and conditions of contract. Extras such as bill of quantities, health and safety file, environmental report, (pre) construction phases plans or quality manual, procedures and forms.

Examples are: Engineers control documentation for a civil engineering project An architect will prepare similar documents for a conventional building project however specification and bill of quantities are combined.

Specification Standard specification on types of works should specify Work to be executed The character and quality of materials and workmanship The special responsibilities of the contractor not covered in the general conditions of contract.

Conditions of contract Virtually all contracts are based on the standard conditions of contract (i.e. ICE) The set of conditions that define a contract should define the parties and their roles and responsibilities throughout the contract. (e.g. payment, variations, delays, quality standards and dispute handling.)

Benefits of standard documents Experiences parties know the documents Documents have proven past record Fits in with legal system Usually improved from earlier versions Have been chosen so are preferred to alternatives.

Bill of Quantities How it works This documents contains an estimate of prices for the relative quantity of items listed. This will cover all items contained within a contract, and it used as a cost estimate for the overall project. The Standard Method of Measurement (such as CESMM, SMM and MMHW) contains the work deemed to be included in each item in the Bill of Quantities.

Who uses it? Clients or consultants use it to get a rough estimate for the project. Tenderers for construction may also use it to get a price at which they should be charging their clients. The tenderer finds their tender total (can use price book) by inserting prices against items in the bill of quantities. Bids are then evaluated with the contract awarded to the most suitable contractor. (Usually won by the lowest bidder who best meets the clients requirements over safety and environmental issues, for example). The value of the work done is then measured against the estimated quantities and then paid for at the tender rates. Software is available when using the bill of quantities, and many price books exist to provide an average of costs of work across different standard work classifications.

Definition: The bill of quantities is a mechanism for determining What a facility may cost for a selected contractor Measuring work done in order to establish what to pay

The Bill of Quantities is not essential, however it is a great basis for projects when looking at the estimating, valuation, payment and control systems used on construction projects.

Preparing a Bill of Quantities A set of bill items can be used with a standard price book to produce a cost estimate. Example on sheet

Project Procurement/ Delivery Options