Explore the PH values impact of the activity of amylase

Experiments: Huang, ZiShan Equipments: tubes x3 Matches 5ml graduated cylinder burnisher x1 grinding bowl x1 50ml beaker x3 alcohol lamp x1 rabble x1 Laboratory scale x1 Spoon x1 1g weights x2 Dropper x5 10cm2 gauze x1 Funnel x1

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Medicament: Distilled water 2ml The solvent of amylase 2g Hydrochloric acid 2ml Apple x1 Sodium hydroxide solution 2ml Fehling's Reagent A 2ml Fehling's Reagent B 2ml Variables: Independent variables: PH concentration Dependent variables: the activity of the enzyme Controlling variables: To make the temperature stable at room temperature. Maintaining the same volume of liquid in graduated cylinder Background: Since the late 19th century when the name of the enzyme was mentioned for the first time, human beings have been found and identified more than 3,000 enzymes. Enzyme as a catalyst, has been widely used in various production areas. In recent decades, with the rapid development of enzyme engineering, the applications of enzyme in the bio-engineering, biosensors, environmental protection, and medicine is also increasing. The enzyme has become an indispensable part of the national economy. Principles: Fehling's solution is associated with soluble reducing sugars ( glucose, fructose, and maltose). Under the condition of heating, it can generate a brick red

cuprous oxide precipitate. Therefore, Fehling's solution is used for the identification of soluble the reducing sugars existence. Assumptions: Within the optimal PH value, the activity of enzyme occurs. Whether the PH value greater than or less than the optimum will reduce the activity and stability of enzyme. Steps: 1. Slice the apple, and ground it in the grinding bowl. Use the gauze and the funnel to filter the juice into the beaker. 2. Use the dropper to drop 2ml juice into 3 tubes respectively. 3. Add 2ml hydrochloric acid, 2ml sodium hydroxide solution and 2ml distilled water with 3 droppers into 3 tubes respectively . 4. Put 2 1g weights and approximate 2g solvent of amylase on the laboratory scale, and make it balanced. 5. Put 2g solvent of amylase in 20ml water, and stir it until dissolve. 6. Drop 4-5 drops amylase solution into 3 tubes respectively. 7. Shake the tubes to mix them. Lit the alcohol lamp to heat tubes . 8. Collocate 2ml Fehling's solution A and B in the ratio 1: 1. Drops 5 drops in the 3 tubes respectively.

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Result and conclusion: The second one turns red. Within the optimal PH value, the activity of enzyme occurs. Whether the PH value greater than or less than the optimum will reduce the activity and stability of enzyme.