CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR PROBLEM 8

(a) Take the innitesimal displacement dr to be radially outward. The component of the electric eld in this direction is qr/4 0 R3 , so the potential is given by
r

V (r) = Carry out the integration. (b) Use V = V (R) V (0).

E dr =
0

qr dr . 4 0 R3

CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR EXERCISE 10

(a) The electric eld of an innite sheet of charge is uniform, is perpendicular to the sheet, and has magnitude E = /2 0 . It points away from the sheet if the charge is positive and toward the sheet if the charge is negative. Use V = V0 E ds .

(b) The work done by the electric eld on the test charge q0 is W = q0 V .

CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR EXERCISE 13

Use V = q/4 0 r to calculate VA and VB , then evaluate the dierence. (a) 4.5 kV; (b) 4.5 kV

ans:

CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR EXERCISE 16

Sum the individual potentials at a general point on the x axis. Set the sum equal to zero and solve for the coordinate of the point. You will need to know the relative signs of the charges. Use the condition that the net electric eld between the particles vanishes at a point between the particles to determine this.

CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR PROBLEM 18

(a) The potential outside a conducting sphere is given by V = Q , 4 0 r

where r is the distance from the center of the sphere. At the surface of the sphere, V = where R is the sphere radius. Solve for Q. (b) Since the surface area of a sphere is given by A = 4R2 , the surface charge density is = Q Q . = A 4R2 Q , 4 0 R

CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR PROBLEM 20

Sum the potentials produced by the individual particles. The distance from a rectangle corner to the rectangle center is d2 + (d/2)2 = 5d/2, so V = 1 4
0

2q 5q 2q 5q 3q 3q + . + 5d/2 d/2 5d/2 5d/2 d/2 5d/2

CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR EXERCISE 24

(a) Each half of the rod produces a potential at P like that given by Eq. 2535 except that each half is half as long as the rod of Fig. 2513. Replace L with L/2 in the equation and double the result (since there are two halves and both are positively charged). (b) Again each half of the rod produces a potential at P like that given by Eq. 2535 but now the potential at P due to the positive half of the rod is positive while the potential at P due to the negative half of the rod is negative.

CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR PROBLEM 28

The linear charge density is = Q/L. Suppose the rod lies along the x axis with its left end at the origin. Consider an element of the rod at x. Its distance from P1 is r = L + d x and the potential it produces at P1 is dV = 1 4 1 dx = r 4 dx Q . L L+dx

Thus the total potential at P1 is given by the integral 1 V = 4 Carry out the integration. Q L
L
0

dx . L+dx

CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR EXERCISE 32

When the electric potential V is given as a function of the coordinates the electric eld components can be computed using Ex = Ey = and Ez =
2

V , x V , y V . z

Substitute V = (1500 V/m )x2 , carry out the dierentiations, and evaluate the results for x = 0.013 m.

CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR PROBLEM 34

(a) Consider an innitesimal element of the rod with coordinate x. Its distance from P2 is x2 + y 2 and the potential it produces at P2 is given by dV = 1 4
0

x2

y2

dx =

c 4

x
0

x2

+ y2

dx .

The total potential at P2 is given by V = Use c 4 x x2 + y 2 to evaluate the integral. (b) To nd the eld from the potential, carry out the dierentiation Ey = V . y
L
0 0

x x2 + y 2

dx .

dx =

x2 + y 2

(c) You found the potential only along the perpendicular line from the rod to P2 . Think about what information you need to evaluate the derivative V /x.

CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR EXERCISE 38

The potential energy of two charges q1 and q2 that are separated by a distance r is given by U= q1 q2 . 4 0 r

Apply this equation to all the pairs of charges in the conguration. The result is U= 1 4 q2 q3 q2 q4 q3 q4 q1 q2 q1 q3 q1 q4 + + + + + d d d d 2d 2d .

CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR PROBLEM 46

Use conservation of energy: Ki + Ui = Kf + Uf , where the subscript i indicates the initial values, with the electron at r, and the subscript f indicates the nal values, with the electron 2 a distance R from the shell center. The initial kinetic energy is given by Ki = 1 mv0 and the 2 nal kinetic energy is Kf = 0. The nal potential energy is Uf = (e)(V ) = eV . Since the electric potential is inversely proportional to the distance from the center of the sphere, the potential at the initial position of the electron is V R/r and the initial potential energy is Ui = (e)(V R/r) = eV R/r. Since r R, you may take Ui to be 0. Solve for v0 .

CHAPTER 25

HINT FOR EXERCISE 52

(a) The spheres and the wire form one large conductor and the electric potential has the same value throughout any conductor. (b) The electric potentials are given by V1 = and V2 = q1 4 0 R1 q2 . 4 0 R2

Since these are equal and since R2 = 2R1 , you should nd that q1 = q2 /2. Charge is conserved, so q1 + q2 = q. Solve these two equations for q1 and q2 . (c) The surface area of a sphere is given by A = 4R2 , so = q q . = A 4R2

Evaluate this for each sphere, then nd the ratio.