GYMNASTIC SKILLS

ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS
Gymnastics comes from Ancient Greece. It was a combination of disciplinary exercises which have medical benefits for the body. The practice of gymnastics was not just a physical discipline; it was also used as a technique to maintain ones spiritual wellbeing.

In the 19th century, a German teacher, Fiedrich Ludwig Jahn included gymnastics in his physical education method because he realized that it was very important for the integral education.

At the same time, a Swedish author, Per Henrik Ling published his book Los fundamentos generales de la gimnasia. This was a type of medical gymnastics and there werent any competitions.

Sport and artistic gymnastics was created by Sweden called Adolf Spiess.

Do you remember the last subject about Gymnastics or Physical Education?. There are many types of gymnastics: artistic, rhythmic, acrosport etc which are practiced by elderly people, women preparing for birth and those who simple want to keep fit.... We will focus on artistic and sport gym.

The artistic gym is the most ancient one and it is based on turnings, balances, jumps on the floor or with machines. Official competition needs six machines for men (floor, P. Santamarta // Dpto. Educacin Fsica // I.E.S. El Astillero Traducido por: Juan Daz Gmez-Acebo

rings, potro con arcos, fix bar, parallel bar and horse jump) and for women (Floor, parallel asymetrics, balance bar, and horse jumping). It has been an Olympic discipline since the modern Olympic Games in 1898.

GYMNASTIC SPORTS FOR MEN

FLOOR

It is practiced on a squared matt (12x12 mts.) for around 50 to 70 seconds without music. Different gymnastic exercises are performed.

RINGS

There are turnings, somersaults in the air and balance poses under 2,65 metres over the floor.

POTRO CON ARCOS

There are pendulum and circular movements. The machine cannot be touched by the legs.

FIX BAR

Over a 2,60 m bar the gymnast does balances, rolls...etc.

P. Santamarta // Dpto. Educacin Fsica // I.E.S. El Astillero Traducido por: Juan Daz Gmez-Acebo

PARALLEL BARS

Over two parallel bars with 1.75 heights, exercises like balances, rolls, and scissors...are practiced. SALTO DE CABALLO

A machine of 1,20 m height is placed in the same direction as the running of the gymnast.

GYMNASTIC SPORTS FOR WOMEN

FLOOR

Practiced on a square matt (12x12 mts.) for around 60 to 90 seconds. Music is required and different kinds of gymnastic exercises are performed.

ASYMETRIC PARALLEL

Two bars are placed on different heights, where gymnasts do changes between bars, rolls, turnings, balances...

P. Santamarta // Dpto. Educacin Fsica // I.E.S. El Astillero Traducido por: Juan Daz Gmez-Acebo

SALTO DE CABALLO

Same as men.

BALANCE BAR

Over a wood bar of 1.20 m height and 5 cm wide. Exercises like jumps, rolls, balances... are performed. Its a very hard discipline which requires huge concentration and balance.

FORWARD SOMERSAULT
We roll forward 360 degrees.

These are the steps you must do to learn it correctly:

1. Correct start position. 2. Flex down to approach the mat. 3. Place both hands on the floor. Propel with your legs and pull in your chin. Now you

just roll over your rounded back.

4. Keep your legs close to your body to stand up easily. 5. Throw forward your shoulders and arms to finish properly the exercise.

P. Santamarta // Dpto. Educacin Fsica // I.E.S. El Astillero Traducido por: Juan Daz Gmez-Acebo

Ending: We can choose several kinds of endings like legs together or separate or standing up with one leg. It would be great if you can learn all of them.

Helping the forward somersault:

1. Stand on one side of your friend and help him/her to pull in his head. It also important to help him to place both hands all the time over the mat. And it is also important to help with the pushing forward of their legs. 2. Place yourself in front of your friend and pull from his/her arms when he/she is standing up.

BACKWARD SOMERSAULT

We roll backward 360 degrees.

These are the steps we need to learn it correctly:

P. Santamarta // Dpto. Educacin Fsica // I.E.S. El Astillero Traducido por: Juan Daz Gmez-Acebo

1. Correct start position. 2. Flex your legs. 3. Soften the fall and keep gather. 4. Place the palm of your hands on the mat beneath your shoulders and get your knees close to your nose. Push strongly with both hands over the matt to avoid the head is pressed over the floor. 5. We finish the exercise with legs together or separate, one leg

BALANCE: FROG

P. Santamarta // Dpto. Educacin Fsica // I.E.S. El Astillero Traducido por: Juan Daz Gmez-Acebo

BALANCE: THE NAIL

These are the steps to do it correctly:

1. Lie down on the matt with both hands on your sides. 2. Raise up your legs and body little by little. 3. Keep the position with the help of your arms.

P. Santamarta // Dpto. Educacin Fsica // I.E.S. El Astillero Traducido por: Juan Daz Gmez-Acebo

INVERTED BALANCE WITH THREE SUPPORTS

Its a vertical balance with arms and head stand.

These are the steps to learn it:

1. Flex your body as much as possible to be very close to the matt. 2. Place your palms completely opened on the floor. 3. Place your head on the matt where your hair begins, and place your palms to

draw a triangle with the head.

4. Now you can do two different things depending on your skills: a. In case its difficult to you to keep balanced, you can place your knees on

your elbows to be better balance. From this position you raise your legs little by little.
b. If you feel up to it you can take a small jump and to keep the position

without placing your knees on your elbows, trying to balance.

5. Two friends can hold you from your ankles so you can straight easily and to

keep balance.

P. Santamarta // Dpto. Educacin Fsica // I.E.S. El Astillero Traducido por: Juan Daz Gmez-Acebo

Help....I need somebody!!!!:

1. Correct position of head and palms on the mat. 2. Hold the pelvis bone of your friend to avoid he/she falls backwards. 3. Helping to straight legs and correcting the hole pose.

KEEP ON MOVING, PLEASE!

Por si flojeas en el idioma de Shakespeare te lo traducimos:

SIGUE MOVINDOTE, POR FAVOR!

P. Santamarta // Dpto. Educacin Fsica // I.E.S. El Astillero Traducido por: Juan Daz Gmez-Acebo

I.E.S. EL ASTILLERO DPTO. EDUCACIN FSICA

P. Santamarta // Dpto. Educacin Fsica // I.E.S. El Astillero Traducido por: Juan Daz Gmez-Acebo