If we start with the idea that gravity may be an electromagnetic effect, we are led to the

assumption that the graviton may be composed of two photons. A two-photon state could
have spin 0,1 and 2. Photons can interact with other photons through virtual electron-
positron pairs created in vacuum. The existence of photon-photon interactions was first
proposed in 1934 by O. Halpern, see Phys. Rev. 44(1934)855. In non-commutative
spaces, photons show a selfinteracting behavior like the one known from QCD, so that
photon-photon bound states (spin 0,1 and 2) are possible.(1) Which is exactly the math
used behind brane theory is the basis of our idea.

We already know that the amplitudes for low energy photon-photon scattering are
negative if the outgoing photons have the same polarization(2). In QFT, the exchange of a
single particle between two scattering particles is known to result in the Yukawa
potential. For massless particle exchange between charged particles the Yukawa potential
goes over to a Coulomb-like potential with an 1/r behavior. If the graviton were a two-
photon composite, two photons would be coupling at each of the two vertices, giving a
potential proportional to times

where the minus sign would be due to the (even) spin of the exchanged particle. The
reason I bring this up is the missing KK series Neutrinos have a certain decay mode in
interactions with other SM neutrinos that yield a 2 photon decay product..
An empirical estimate for K is given below. If these ideas would be correct, the Coulomb
law would have to be modified to

and the following equality would exist

Therefore for the gravitational interaction between identical and charged, elementary
particles we would have

However, in our case this would be modified by the coupling of neutrino charge into the
two photon state leaving us with a charged graviton. This would introduce gravo-
magnetism into the equation and allow us to have a carrier capable of inducing the weyl
fluid properties we are after here.

In establishing his correspondence between gravity and the

electromagnetic field, based primarily on causality and the effects of
retardation, Jefimenko8 , in Causality Electromagnetic Induction and
Gravity, choses the equivalencies:

And
The term is defined here as the gravitational equivalent to the
electrostatic

permittivity of the vacuum as the gravitational equivalent

to the magnetic permeability of the vacuum. are the

speed of gravity. This fits well with a lot of our original PV ideas. The
gravitational equivalent to Coulomb’s law:

We then can compute the permeability of space to cogravity:

and the permittivity of space to gravity:

But this would all be in keeping with a lot of our PV modeling.

However, we already have a non-PV based formula that shows how
charge would effect the Weyl Fluid and in turn modify the Israel
condition.
REFERENCES

1.) A. H. Fatollahi and A. Jafari, Eur. Phys. J. 46(2006)235

2.) V. B. Berestetskii, E. M. Lifshitz, L. P. Pitaevskii, Quantum Electrodynamics,
Pergamon Press, Oxford 1982
3.)