One interesting feature of unparticle is that it has no definite mass and instead has a

continuous
spectral density as a consequence of scale invariance

where P is the 4-momentum, Adu is the normalization factor and du is the scaling
dimension. The theoretical bounds of the scaling dimension du are 1 ≤ du ≤ 2 (for boson
unparticle) or 3/2 ≤ du ≤ 5/2 (for fermion unparticle). The pressure and energy density of
the thermal boson unparticle are given by

where C(du) = B(3/2, du)Γ(2du + 2)_(2du + 2), while B, Γ, ζ are the Beta, Gamma and
Zeta functions,
Thus, the EoS of boson unparticle reads

For the fermion unparticle, we find the EoS has the same form as that of boson one.
Obviously, the EoS of
unparticle !u is positive which is different from that of DE and DM. Since the unparticle
interacts weakly with standard model particles, it can be regarded as a new form of dark
component. Since the fermion unparticle has charge it could be another possible origin of
local brane lensing.

In the Einstein theory, the a flat FRW universe is described by the standard Friedmann
equation and
Raychaudhuri field equation
H is the Hubble parameter and k is the constant 8πG. The total energy density

, where

correspond to the energy densities of DM, DE and unparticle, respectively.

The interaction among DE, DM and unparticle can be described in the background by the
balance equations

The terms describe the coupling among DE, DM and unparticles. The
total conservation equation demands that

The effective total EOS !tot is given by

One can also have the coupling terms which are

You now have not only DE transfers to DM, and the coupling terms also denotes that DM
can be convert to
unparticle. The dynamical equations of the system have the forms
and the critical points are

indicates that A2 is an unstable point. And one can get a saddle function out of this..

However when

we find that all of eigenvalues are negative, which indicates that C2 is a stable point.
This can translate to a case where a system will be dominated by unparticle if the
coupling constant b is large enough.

This idea of the unparticle has been offered in outside articles as a solution to the
observational coincidence problem when the coupling constant is weak. However, the
case of charged fermion unparticles could offer a solution to local brane lensing when the
coupling constant is large enough to at least produce a local lensing out to around the
orbit of Jupter with drop off after that point.

For the sake of our field generator idea we would need around a 1AU field in the forward
region at least to encompass the ability to take advantage of the faster light velocity for
navigation. This would require us to be able to alter the coupling constant to fit our
needs. This still requires us to craft wise limit usage of such a field outside of the
confines of the solar system. But for lab testing and usage on a small probe to test the
field we could shorten the field and run the craft in an area already known to have no
objects in our path.

To arrive at a better understanding of the unparticle we introduce couplings between new

physics operator OUV with mass dimension dUV, which is singlet under the SM gauge
group, and the SM operator OSM with mass dimension dSM at a mass scale M
where cn is a dimensionless constant. It is assumed that new physics sector has an
infrared fixed point at a scale Auv, below which the operator OUV matches onto a new
(composite) operator OU. With dimension dU through the dimensional transmutation. As
a result, the effective interaction term arises of the form

where λn is a coupling constant and Δ is an effective cutoff scale of low energy physics.
Depending on the nature of new physics operator OUV, the resulting unparticle may have
different Lorentz structure.

One can use scale invariance can be used to fix the two-point function of unparticle
operators

where

With as the normalization factor. This factor is fixed by identifying

with dU-body phase space of massless particle to be

The Feynman propagator is

and similarly for the vector unparticle (with only the transverse mode)

By requiring conformal invariance, the scalar unparticle propagator remains the same
form while the vector unparticle propagator is modified to
It is also possible as mentioned to have no Lorentz invariance with the resulting
propagator changes to the above. But, the fact that our local brane lensing remains
invariant suggests one of the above to be the case here if unparticles are involved.

The scaling dimension for the scalar unparticle is constrained as dU ≥ 1 while for the
vector unparticle the bound is dU ≥ 3.

For fermions effective interactions of the scalar unparticle with the SM fields are given
by, for gluon the fermion part is

The interactions with fermions can be simplified by utilizing the equation of motion for a
fermion

But here again, as one can notice the charge element would actually come from coupling
to regular SM matter which leads to an indirect effect somewhat used to rule out the
axion case before. This again seems to be a dead end leading back to the Neutrino
solution.