COLOR IMAGE DENOISING USING MEDIAN FILTER

Industry Oriented Mini Project Report Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

By

N PRATHYUSHA V SUDHAKARA REDDY M JAGADESWAR REDDY K KRANTHI

Under the esteemed guidance of

09C91A0470 09C91A04B7 08C91A0438 08C91A0432

ANIL KUMAR Associate Professor

Designation

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering HOLYMARY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE (Approved by AICTE New Delhi, Affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad) BOGARAM (V), KEESARA (M), R.R DISTRICT-501301. 2009-2013

HOLY MARY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE

(COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING) (HOLY TRINITY EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY) (Approved by A.I.C.T.E., New Delhi, Affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad) Bogaram (Village), Keesara (Mandal), R.R.Dist. Pin 501 301.
Phones: 08415 325953, 08415 325958, 08415 329583 FAX: 040 23813102

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled COLOR IMAGE DENOISING USING MEDIAN FILTER, which is being submitted herewith for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Branch Engineering from Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh is a record of bonafide work carried out during the academic year 2012-13.
This is the result of the original work and contribution by

N PRATHYUSHA V SUDHAKARA REDDY M JAGADESWAR REDDY K KRANTHI

09C91A0470 09C91A04B7 08C91A0438 08C91A0432

under my supervision and guidance.

Internal Guide

Coordinator

HOLY MARY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE

(COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING) (HOLY TRINITY EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY) (Approved by A.I.C.T.E., New Delhi, Affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad) Bogaram (Village), Keesara (Mandal), R.R.Dist. Pin 501 301.
Phones: 08415 325953, 08415 325958, 08415 329583 FAX: 040 23813102

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled COLOR IMAGE DENOISING USING MEDIAN FILTER, which is being submitted herewith for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Branch Engineering from Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh is a record of bonafide work carried out during the academic year 2012-13.
This is the result of the original work and contribution by

N PRATHYUSHA V SUDHAKARA REDDY M JAGADESWAR REDDY K KRANTHI

09C91A0470 09C91A04B7 08C91A0438 08C91A0432

Under my supervision and guidance.

Head of the Department Place: Date:

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like o take this opportunity to express my most sincere to my guide Mr Anil Kumar for all her help guidance and suggestions through the development of this project. I would also like to thank the Matru Institute in conjunction with the Holy Mary Institute of Engineering ,which have given me the opportunity to carry out this mini project as an student. At this project I would like express my thanks to Mr Srinivas, Muralimohan(Hod), Y Solomon Raj and faculty of Holy Mary Institute of Engineering and Technology. Finally I want to thank my parents and my brother for the continious encouragement understanding and moral support.

(To be signed by the student) Reg. No.

ABSTRACT

In this project, Median filtering algorithm is compared based on its ability to reconstruct noise-affected images. The purpose of this algorithm is to remove noise from a signal that might occur through the transmission of an image. Median filter is introduced and compared at different noise densities in the process of image smoothing. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is good at reducing noise. The inexpensiveness and simplicity of point-and-shoot cameras, combined with the speed at which budding photographers can send their photos over the Internet to be viewed by the world, makes digital photography a popular hobby. With each snap of a digital photograph, a signal is transmitted from a photon sensor to a memory chip embedded inside a camera. Trans-mission technology is prone to a degree of error, and noise is added to each photograph. Significant work has been done in both hardware and software to improve the signal-to-noise ratio in digital photography. In software, a smoothing filter is used to remove noise from an image. Each pixel is represented by three scalar values representing the red, green, and blue chromatic intensities. At each pixel studied, a smoothing filter takes into account the surrounding pixels to derive a more accurate version of this pixel. By taking neighboring pixels into consideration, extreme noisy pixels can be replaced. However, outlier pixels may rep-resent uncorrupted fine details, which may be lost due to the smoothing process. The Median Filter is performed by taking the magnitude of all of the vectors within a mask and sorting the magnitudes. The pixel with the median magnitude is then used to replace the pixel studied. The Simple Median Filter has an advantage over the Mean filter in that it relies on median of the data instead of the mean. A single noisy pixel present in the image can significantly skew the mean of a set. The median of a set is more robust with respect to the presence of noise. When filtering using the Simple Median Filter, an original pixel and the resulting filtered pixel of the sample studied are sometimes the same pixel. A pixel that does not change due to filtering is known as the root of the mask

TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES (if any) LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS NOTATION CHAPTER 1
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.4 1.5 1.5.1 1.5.2 1.5.2.1 1.6 And so on

viii to ----- to ----- to ----- to ----- to --Page No. 1

Introduction
Objective and goal of the project Detailed literature survey

CHAPTER

This chapter normally should give the essential back-ground Theory on the subject of the project and essential derivations or the like. (Above number pattern should be followed for Sections and sub-sections.)

CHAPTER

This chapter should normally cover design / programming methodologies or other approaches suggested in the literature. Critical analysis of these and the reason for choosing a different approach. (Above number pattern should be followed for Sections and sub-sections.)

CHAPTER 4
Detailed approach followed for the implementation of the project.

(a) In case Hardware or Experimental Projects detailed experimental approach followed, measurement setups, process steps, experimental setup etc. (b) In case of simulation, modeling, programming techniques, the programming steps, flow charts, simulation results, verification of the approach followed. And the like depending on the nature of the project. (Above number pattern should be followed for Sections and sub-sections.)

CHAPTER 5
Analysis of the results - may contain plots, simulated results, synthesis of process, Interpretation of the results. Comparison of the results with the published data and deviations / improvements if any. (Above number pattern should be followed for Sections and sub-sections.)

CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSION (Above number pattern should be followed for Sections and sub-sections.)

REFERENCES:
(Comprehensive list of references must be given as per IEEE / Physical Review format). All these references must be linked to the text of the thesis as reference no (5) must be shown superscript [5] or [5] or as [5] along with the text.

APPENDICES: Related data or specifications or referred charts, details computer code/program/language/data sheets, etc BIO-DATA OF THE CANDIDATE: With Passport size Photo (Recently taken i.e. not before 2012)

(Last page/s)

LIST OF FIGURES
S.NO 1 FIG.NO: 1.1 DESCRIPTION ------------PAGE NO: ----------

LIST OF TABLES
S. No. 1 TABLE No. 1.1 DESCRIPTION ------------PAGE NO: ----------

NOTE:
1) FONT SIZES TYPE: TIMES NEW ROMAN Chapter Headings: 18 1. Titles: 16

2. Sub Titles: 14 3. Text: 12

2) No Underlines No changes of Font sizes, Font Types in the text (except for first character at the beginning of the paragraph) no darkening, no quotes single (or) double. 3) 1.5 Line Spacing

4) 1.5 Line Spacing between paragraphs.

5) Page Numbering is at the bottom middle of each page.

6) No color text, except for photographs.

7) Figure Numbering is as follows: For Chapter 3, 2nd Figure Figure 3.2 at the Bottom of the Figure 8) Similarly for equations.

References
1. Wayne Tomasi, Electronics Communications System, Pearson Education Asia, Third edition, 2001.

(To Be Kept According To Alphabetic Order)

Appendices Related data or specifications or referred charts, details computer code/program/language/data sheets, etc

BIO-DATA
1. Full Name : (in Block letters as per SSC certificate) 2. Name of the Parent/Guardian: 3. Age : 4. Date of Birth: 5. Present Address: 6. Permanent Address: 7. Language(s) Known: (Underline Mother Tongue) READ SPEAK WRITE Please Attach Photo Here

8. Appeared any Competitive Exams (GATE/GRE/TOFEL/IELTS/CAT): 9. Do you plan to undertake further Studies/Courses, If yes, give details: 10. 11.
S. No.

Games Played & Hobbies: Achievements since date of joining in HITS COE:
Achievements Year Particulars

12. 13.

Working Mail id & Contact Phone Number: Additional information if any, use additional sheets if necessary

I certify that the above particulars are correct. Place: Date Signature

ORDER OF PAGES OF INDUSTRY ORIENTED MINI & MAJOR PROJECT REPORT

1. Title 2. College Certificate 3. Certificate from the Organization (if provided) 4. Acknowledgement 5. Abstract 6. Contents - Index 7. List of Figures 8. List of Tables 9. List of Abbreviations 10. List of Graphs (if applicable) 11. References (to be quoted at the end of the project in last page) 12. Appendices 13. Bio-Data of the Candidate with Photo

Note: ROUGH Report should be submitted in Spiral Binding.