U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S.

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

M7.5 Northern Peru Earthquake of 26 September 2005

0 82 81 80 79

EARTHQUAKE SUMMARY MAP XXX

Generalized Seismic Hazard

Quito
78 77 76 75 74 73 72

71

70

69

68 0

NO RTH ANDES P L AT E
Guayaquil
Golfo de Guayaquil

ECUADOR

COLOMBIA
N a po

Main Shock

EXPLANATION
26 September 2005

30'S

Puerto Morona G u a y a s CUENCA General Plaza Gutierrez Subteniente Castro Azuay Morona-Santiago Yaupi

790'W

780'W

770'W

Epicentral Area
760'W

750'W

740'W

730'W

Santo Tomas de Andoas

Tambo Guagramono

NORTHERN PERU
Platanoyacu

Puerto Copal

Pu tu m a

yo

Seismic Hazard
0.2 - 0.4 m/sec 0.4 - 0.8 0.8 - 1.6 1.6 - 3.2 3.2 - 6.4
40'S

El

Pasaje

EPICENTRAL AREA

PERU
Mar
n a

Am

az ona

Ic

ECUADOR
Catamayo LOJA

Oro

Bermejos Amazonas

Soplin Puerto Pardo Santa Rosa

Gualaquiza Puesto Bagazan

26 September 2005 01:55:37.64 UTC 5.674 S., 76.409 W. Depth 127 km Mw = 7.5 (USGS)

Puerto Olivia

Bellavista Santa Rosa Negro Urco Oro Blanco

82

81

80

79

Quito

78

Seismotectonic Setting
77 76 75 74 73

72

71

70

69

68 0

30'S
1

S O U T H A M E R I C A P L AT E
A M A Z O N B A S I N
Uc a ya li

Earthquakes 1900 - 2005

0 - 69 km 70 - 299 300 - 699 3.0 - 3.9

6.4 - 9.0

Zamora Loja Zamora-Chinchipe Cariamanga Soldado Silva Orellana Chingozales

Veintiocho de Mayo

Chinganaza

Five people killed, at least 60 injured, aboutPuerto Guacamayo 70 percent Libertad of the houses destroyed and at least 200 buildings dam- IQUITOS Nanay aged at Lamas. Damage to buildings at Chachapoyas, Moyobamba and Tarapota. Felt (IV) at Cajamarca, Lima Bellavista and Trujillo; (III) at Manta. Felt (VI) at Cuenca and Loja, (III) at Quito, Ecuador and (II) at Bogota, Colombia. Felt throughout Peru and Ecuador. Also felt in the Amazonas and Rondonia states, Brazil.
San Roque Esperanza Parinari Nauta Puerto Franco

Main Shock

EXPLANATION
26 September 2005

NO RTH ANDES P L AT E
Guayaquil
Golfo de Guayaquil

ECUADOR

COLOMBIA
N a po

Pu tu m ay

40'S

Earthquakes 1900 - 2005

0 - 69 km 70 - 299 300 - 699 3.0 - 3.9 4.0 - 4.9 5.0 - 5.9
6 4

PERU
Mara
n

EPICENTRAL AREA

z ona ma

Ic

s
4

Teniente Pinglo Bolivar Ugarte

Magnitude Classes

Magnitude Classes
4.0 - 4.9 5.0 - 5.9 6.0 - 6.9 7.0 - 7.9
50'S

Uc ay al i

BRAZIL

Piura
Serran

Tabaconas

Amazonas

Loreto

n a ar

S O U T H A M E R I C A P L AT E
A M A Z O N A' B A S I N
Uc a ya li

r a l e d il C o r

r a l e d il C o r

a er l l di or

a er l l di or

r a l e i l r d C o O

r a l e i l r d C o O

Arahuante

Plate Boundary Type

9

8.0 - 8.9

PERU
Santa Clara Yanayacu Alianza

Requena

50'S

6.0 - 6.9 7.0 - 7.9 8.0 - 8.9

7

Plate Boundary Type

Continental Compressive Continental RL Transform
Toledo
60'S
8

BRAZIL
B'
a

PER

L a

O
l ta e n N r i

PER

L a

O
l ta e n N r i

c
c

73 mm/yr

Continental Compressive Continental RL Transform Subduction

60'S

Bellavista Jaen OLMOS MOTUPE Salas Tocmoche

L HI - C E
82 81

Bagua Jamalca Cujillo Jumbilla Yuracyacu Rioja MAYOBAMBA Yurimaguas

LE HI - C

id

id

Capanahua

Subduction

a t r

a t r

l ta e n

ta

l ta e n

ta

10

10

San Jeronimo Churuja

Volcano
10

11

NAZCA P L AT E

12

PA C I F I C O C E A N
80

TR

TR

Volcano
11

BOLIVIA
74 73 72 71 70 69 12 68

Cajamarca
Chongoyape Chugur Oyotun Niepos

Cutervo

Ocalli

CHACHAPOYAS Mendoza Roque

Lamas Tarapoto

Convento Chasuta

Pelejo Navarro

Chalan Huasmin Sucre

Tierra Blanca

Rodriquez

11

NAZCA P L AT E

10

EN

EN

C H
79 78 77 76

C H

SCALE 1:7,500,000 at the Equator Mercator Projection 0 50 100 200 300 400

COMMUNITY INTERNET INTENSITY MAP The Community Internet Intensity Map (CIIM) summarizes the online questionnaire responses provided by Internet users. An intensity number is assigned to each community from which a filled-out CIIM questionnaire was received; each intensity value reflects the effects of earthquake shaking on the people and structures in the community. The color of each circular symbol on the map represents the average of the individual intensity values from that community; the size of the symbol is related to the population of the community.

E S
75

Maria

Kilometers

Seismic hazard is expressed as peak ground acceleration (PGA) on firm rock, in meters/sec, expected to be exceeded in a 50-yr period with a probability of 10 percent.

70'S

SANA

Pueblo Nuevo PACASMAYO San Pedro de Lloc Puerto Chicama Paijan Santiago de Cao Chocope

San Pablo CAJAMARCA Llacanora Chilete Contumaza Cospan Lucma Charat

Uchumarca

San

San MarcosBolivar CAJABAMBA Sitacocha Condomarca

Dos de MayoJuanjui Osilin Shepte Sion

Martin

Piscoyacu

Pucacaca

Orellana Pampa Fermosa Libertad Contamana

Amazonas
Sao Paulo
70'S

12

82

PA C I F I C O C E A N
81 80

11

73 mm/yr
79 78 77 76

BOLIVIA
74 73 72 71 70 69 12 68

SCALE 1:7,500,000 at the Equator Mercator Projection 0 50 100 200 300 400

S
75

Kilometers

80'S

Huanchaco

La

Simbal

Libertad
Carabamba Uningambal Calipuy Huamanzana

Huamachuco Aricapampa

Achiras

Huacamayo Puerto Pizana

Cashiboya San Francisco Naranjal

BRAZIL
Republica

RELATIVE PLATE MOTIONS The relative motion of adjacent tectonic plates is depicted on the map by short vectors located at selected points on the plate boundary. In this presentation, the vector therefore represents the direction of the moving plate relative to the adjacent reference plate. The rate of relative motion is labelled next to the vector. The components of the vector perpendicular and parallel to the plate margin approximate convergent/divergent and transverse direction of motion between the plates, respectively. As viewed from the reference plate, an inward directed component suggests convergence at and near the plate boundary that may be expressed as crustal folding, uplift, thrust faulting, or plate subduction. Similarly, an outward directed component suggests plate divergence such as would be expected at a zone of crustal spreading. Transcurrent or transform faulting would be expected when the predominant vector component is parallel to the plate margin.

TRUJILLO

Mollebambita Mollebamba Conchucos

Parcoy

Acre
Botafago

0 km 0 km

100 km

200 km

300 km

Depth Profiles
400 km 500 km 600 km 700 km

800 km

900 km

1000 km

1100 km 0 km

A'

Salaverry Viru

Puerto Morin
790'W

Ancash
780'W

Chillia Buldibuyo

Tayabamba Taurija
770'W

Tacache Nuevo Pellejo Shilco

Huanuco

Nuevo ParisTre Unidos Boca Apua

750'W

Ucayali
PUCALLPA
740'W

80'S

Boa Vista

100 km

2005

100 km

Deposito Remanso
730'W

200 km

200 km

SCALE 1:2,500,000 at the Equator Mercator Projection 50 100 150

760'W

300 km

300 km

0 DISCUSSION This major earthquake occurred within the lithosphere of the oceanic Nazca plate. The earthquakes of northern Peru and most of western South America are due to strains generated by ongoing subduction of the Nazca plate beneath the South America plate. The Nazca plate moves east relative to the South America plate at a rate of about 7 cm per year. It is overridden by the South America plate at the Peru-Chile trench, west of the Peruvian coast, and sinks into the Earth's mantle beneath the South America plate. The subducted Nazca plate is seismically active to depths of about 650 km. This earthquake occurred in a segment of the subducted plate that has produced frequent earthquakes with focal depths of 100 km to 150 km beneath the Earth's surface. A magnitude 7.2 earthquake in 1997 was situated 150 km to the north of the 26 September 2005 earthquake, at a similar depth. Earthquakes that have focal-depths between 70 and 300 km are commonly termed 'intermediate-depth' earthquakes, as distinguished from 'shallow-focus' earthquakes, having depths less than 70 km, and 'deep-focus' earthquakes, having depths greater than 300 km. Intermediate-depth and deep-focus earthquakes represent deformation within subducted plates, rather than deformation at plate boundaries. Intermediate-depth and deep-focus earthquakes typically cause less damage on the ground surface above their foci than is the case with similar magnitude shallow-focus earthquakes, but large intermediate-depth and deep-focus earthquakes may be felt at great distances from their epicenters.

25

Kilometers 200

Main Shock

EXPLANATION

Magnitude Classes
3.0 - 3.9 4.0 - 4.9 5.0 - 5.9 6.0 - 6.9 7.0 - 7.9 8.0 - 8.9

400 km

400 km

26 September 2005

Earthquakes 1900 - 2005

0 - 69 km 70 - 299

Main Shock

EXPLANATION
500 km 500 km

26 September 2005

600 km

600 km

Earthquakes 1900 - 2005

0 - 69 km 70 - 299 300 - 700 3.0 - 3.9
700 km 0 km 100 km 200 km 300 km 400 km 500 km 600 km 700 km 800 km 900 km 1000 km 700 km 1100 km

Magnitude Classes DATA SOURCES EARTHQUAKES AND SEISMIC HAZARD USGS, National Earthquake Information Center NOAA, National Geophysical Data Center IASPEI, Centennial Catalog (1900 - 1999) and extensions (Engdahl and Villaseor, 2002) HDF (unpublished earthquake catalog) (Engdahl, 2003) USGS (2003), National Seismic Hazard Maps Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program (GSHAP, 1999) FAULTS AND FOLDS USGS, Quaternary Faults and Folds Database PLATE TECTONICS PB2002 (Bird, 2003) VOLCANOES Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcano Program BASE MAP ESRI (1992), Digital Chart of the World GLOBE (1999) IOC, IHO, and BODC (2003) REFERENCES Bird, P., 2003, An updated digital model of plate boundaries: Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., v. 4, no. 3, pp. 1027- 80. Engdahl, E.R. and Villaseor, A., 2002, Global Seismicity: 1900 - 1999, chap. 41 of Lee, W.H.K., and others,eds., International Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, Part A: New York, N.Y., Elsevier Academic Press, 932 p. Engdahl, E.R., Van der Hilst, R.D., and Buland, R.P., 1998, Global teleseismic earthquake relocation with improved travel times and procedures for depth determination: Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., v. 88, p. 722-743. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., 1992, 1993, Digital Chart of the World: ESRI, Data Dictionary and CDROM(4), Redlands, Calif., USA. GLOBE Task Team and others, 1999, The Global Land OneKilometer Base Elevation (GLOBE) Digital Elevation Model, Version 1.0: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colo., USA. IOC, IHO, and BODC, 2003, Centenary Edition of the GEBCO Digital Atlas: CD-ROM(2), British Oceanographic Data Centre, Liverpool, UK.
4.0 - 4.9 5.0 - 5.9 6.0 - 6.9 7.0 - 7.9 8.0 - 8.9

0 km 0 km

100 km

200 km

300 km

400 km

500 km

600 km

700 km

800 km

900 km

1000 km

1100 km 0 km

B'

100 km

100 km

200 km

200 km

300 km

300 km

400 km

400 km

500 km

500 km

600 km

600 km

700 km 0 km

100 km

200 km

300 km

400 km

500 km

600 km

700 km

800 km

900 km

1000 km

700 km 1100 km

DISCLAIMER Base map data, such as place names and political boundaries, are the best available but may not be current or may contain inaccuracies and therefore should not be regarded as having official significance.

Map prepared by U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center 17 October 2005 Map not approved for release by Director USGS