HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set

1.2 1 of 13

Problem: Two solid cylindrical rods AB and BC are welded together at B and loaded as shown. Knowing that d1 = 50 mm and d2 = 30 mm, find the average normal stress at the midsection of (a) rod AB, (b) rod BC.

Solution: The key to this problem is to take cuts through the rod assembly at the proper cross-sections when establishing the loads using Statics. Then its a simple matter to apply the stress definition to determine the requested average normal stresses. a.) Take a cut thru rod AB. The resultant upward reactionary force must balance the two downward forces:

P = 40kN + 30kN = 70kN

AB =

(70 10 N ) (50 10 m ) 4
3 3

= 35.65 10 6 N

m2

= 35.65MPa

Ans

b.) Take a cut thru rob BC. The resultant upward reactionary force simple balances the 30 kN downward force on the end of the rad:
BC

(30 10 N ) = (30 10 m ) 4
3 3

= 42.44 10 6 N

m2

= 42.44 MPa

Ans

hw01soln.docx

HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set

1.7 2 of 13

Problem: Each of the four vertical links has an 8 X 36 mm uniform rectangular crosssection and each of the four pins has a 16 mm diameter. Determine the maximum value of the average normal stress in the links connecting (a) points B and D, (b) points C and E.

Solution: 1st draw a FBD for link ABC:

Find the reactionary forces at B & C. These will be the forces (loads) acting in links BD & CE.

M
cw+

=0

(0.4m )(FBD ) + (0.4 + 0.25)m 20 10 3 N = 0 FBD = 32.5 10 3 N = 32.5kN (tension)

M
ccw+

=0

(0.25m ) 20 10 3 N (0.4m )(FCE ) = 0 FCE = 12.5 10 N = 12.5kN (compression)

3

hw01soln.docx

HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set

1.7 3 of 13

Note that the links at BD & CE are actually double links. Assume that they were machined to tight tolerances and that they carry the load equally. This means that each link is subject to the load (or we could look at it as a single link with twice the cross-sectional area). Use the split load approach. For the link at BD:

BD =
As
PBD

PBD Aeff
be the calculated reactionary force:

noted, the load will 1 = (32.5kN ) = 16.25kN 2

We need to consider the minimum area that supports this load. Because the link is in tension, we need to subtract the pin hole from the cross-sectional area (only the legs surrounding the pin are available to counteract the load). Aeff = 8 10 3 m (36 16) 10 3 m = 160 10 6 m 2

BD =

(16.25 10 N ) = 101.6 10 (160 10 m )

3 6 2

m2

= 101.6MPa(tension)

Ans (a)

For the link at CE:

CE =
As
PCE

PCE Aeff
be the calculated reactionary force:

noted, the load will 1 = (12.5kN ) = 6.25kN 2

This link is in compression. Therefore, the effective area to support the load is the entire cross-sectional area of the link. Aeff = 8 10 3 m 36 10 3 m = 288 10 6 m 2

)(

CE

(6.25 10 N ) = 21.70 10 = (288 10 m )

3 6 2

m2

= 21.7 MPa(compression )

Ans (b)

hw01soln.docx

HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set

1.11 4 of 13

Problem: The frame shown consists of four wooden members, ABC, DEF, BE, and CF. Knowing that each member has a 2 X 4 in. rectangular cross section and that each pin has a in. diameter, determine the maximum value of the average normal stress (a) in member BE, (b) in member CF.

Solution: 1st use the entire frame as the FBD:

M
ccw+

=0

(40in )Dx (480lbf )(45 + 30)in = 0

Dx = 900.0lbf

Next, consider the bottom link, DEF, as a FBD:

The reactionary force @ D must be parallel to the forces @ E & F:

Dy =

4 4 Dx = (900lbf ) = 1200lbf 3 3

Next, sum moments:

hw01soln.docx

HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set

1.11 5 of 13

M
ccw+

=0

( 1200lbf )(15in ) + 4 FCF (30in ) = 0

5 FCF = 750lbf

=0

ccw+

( 1200lbf )(15 + 30)in 4 FBE (30in ) = 0

5 FBE = 2250lbf
Finally, determine the normal stress in each link. Note that link CF will be in tension and BE will be in compression. This will affect the effective crosssectional area calculation.

P A

For Link BE: The link is in compression, so the effective cross-section is:
A = (4in )(2in ) = 8in 2 = FBE 2250lbf = = 281.3 lbf 2 (Compressive ) 2 in A 8in

Ans

For Link CF: The link is in tension. Therefore, we must subtract the hole:
A = (4 .5)in(2in ) = 7in 2 = FCF 750lbf = = 107.1lbf 2 (Tensile ) in A 7in 2

Ans

hw01soln.docx

HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set

1.14 6 of 13

Problem: A couple M of magnitude 1500 N m is applied to the crank of an engine. For the position shown, determine (a) the force P required to hold the engine system in equilibrium, (b) the average normal stress in the connecting rod BC, which has a 450 mm2 uniform cross section.

Solution: 1st consider a FBD consisting of the crank, connecting rod, and piston:

M
ccw+

=0

1500 N m + H (0.28m ) = 0 H = 5.357 10 3 N = 5.357 kN

Next, consider the piston as the FBD. Noting that the connecting rod is a 2-force member (its pin connected), we know the direction of the force it must exert. Draw the force triangle to aid is analysis.

l=

(200)2 + (60)2

= 208.8
Ans

P 200 P = = P = 17.86kN H 60 (5.357kN )

FBC 208.8 FBC = = FBC = 18.64kN H 60 5.357kN

hw01soln.docx

HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set

1.14 7 of 13

Note that the connecting rod, BC, is in compression.

P = A

18.64 10 3 N

m 450mm 3 10 mm
2

= 41.43 10 6 N

m2

= 41.43MPa(Compressive )

Ans

hw01soln.docx

HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set

1.16 8 of 13

Problem: The wooden members A and B are to be joined by plywood splice plates, that will be fully glued on the surfaces in contact. As part of the design of the joint, and knowing that the clearance between the ends of the members is to be in., determine the smallest allowable length L if the average shearing stress in the glue is not to exceed 120 psi.

Solution: Consider the following diagram of the glue joint:

The load is carried by two splice plates. That is, each plate/glue joint carries half the load.

F=

5.8 103 lbf = 2900lbf 2

Let l be the length of each glued joint. The area is, therefore l x B. From the definition of shear stress:

P A

lbf 2900lbf 120 2= in (4in )l l = 6.042in.

The total length of each splice plate must be:

L = 2l + gap = 2(6.042in ) + 0.25in = 12.33in
Ans

hw01soln.docx

HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set

1.21 9 of 13

Problem: An axial load P is supported by a short W8 X 40 column of cross-sectional area A = 11.7 in.2 and is distributed to a concrete foundation by a square plate as shown. Knowing that the average normal stress in the column must not exceed 30 ksi and that the bearing stress on the concrete foundation must not exceed 3.0 ksi, determine the side a of the plate that will provide the most economical and safe design.

Solution: Considering the information given about the column:

P A

P 3 lbf 30 10 2= in 11.7in 2 P = 351.0 103 lbf

Next, consider the plate:

P A

351.0 103 lbf 3 lbf = 3 10 in 2 a2 a = 10.82in

)
Ans

hw01soln.docx

HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set 10 of 13

1.26

Problem: Link AB, of width b = 50 mm and thickness t = 6 mm, is used to support the end of a horizontal beam. Knowing that the average normal stress in the link is 140 MPa, and that the average shearing stress in each of the two pins is 80 MPa, determine (a) the diameter d of the pins, (b) the average bearing stress in the link.

Solution: Note that the link is in compression. 1st determine the load based on the normal stress:

140 10 6 N

P A m2

)= (0.05m)(P0.006m)

P = 42.0 10 3 N

Next, find the diameter of the pin:

P P = A 2 d 4

80 10 6 N

d 4 3 d = 25.85 10 m = 25.85mm

(42 10 N ) ) = m
3 2 2

Ans

hw01soln.docx

HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set 11 of 13

1.26

Finally, find the average bearing stress in the link noting that the member is in compression:

P 42 103 N b = = = 270.7 106 N 2 = 270.7 MPa 3 m td (0.006m ) 25.85 10 m

Ans

hw01soln.docx

HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set 12 of 13

1.28

Problem: The hydraulic cylinder CF, which partially controls the position of rod DE, has been locked in the position shown. Member BD is 5/8 in. thick and is connected to the vertical rod by a 3/8 in. diameter bolt. Determine (a) the average shearing stress in the bolt, (b) the bearing stress at C in member BD.

Solution: Note that link AB is a 2-force member (pin connected). The length of AB is:

l AB =

(1.8in)2 + (8in )2

= 8.2in

Consider the FDB of the arm BCD:

M
ccw+

=0

8 1 .8 (4in )cos 20 FAB (4in )cos 20 FAB 8 .2 8 .2 (7in )cos 20(400lbf )sin 75 (7in )sin 20(400lbf )cos 75 = 0 FAB = 828.5lbf

hw01soln.docx

HW #01 Due: 09/12/2012

Name:

ES 331

Solution Set 13 of 13

1.28

F
+

=0

1 .8 FAB + Cc + (400lbf )cos 75 = 0 8 .2 1 .8 (828.5lbf ) + Cc + (400lbf )cos 75 = 0 8 .2 C x = 78.34lbf

F
+

=0

8 FAB + C y (400lbf )sin 75 = 0 8 .2 8 (828.5lbf ) + C y (400lbf )sin 75 = 0 8 .2 C y = 1195lbf

C =

(78.34lbf )2 + (1195lbf )2

= 1197lbf

Now that we have the force @ C, we can find the requested stresses:

(1197lbf ) = 10.84 103 lbf = 10.84ksi P = in 2 A 3 2 in 4 8

(1197lbf ) = 5.107 103 lbf = 5.107ksi P = in 2 td 5 3 in in 8 8

Ans

b =

Ans

hw01soln.docx