Gerunds & Infinitives: Gerunds Verbs Admit Deny Avoid Complete Consider Enjoy Finish Cant help Keep

Mention Practice Quit Recall Recommen d Risk Consider Postpone Delay Dislike Like Mind Suggest Put off Infinitive Verbs Afford Agree Appear Arrange Claim Decide Demand Deserve Expect Hope Learn Manage Mean Need Offer Pretend Promise Refuse Seem Threaten Wait Want Verbs + preposition Be interested in Be excited about Be capable of Have an excuse for Be accustomed to Complain about Insist on Take advantage of Be responsible for Object to Argue about Look forward to Be used to Get used to Be fed up with Be bored with Phrase Be busy Be worth Its no use Prevent somebody from doing something See/watch/hear sb doing something Thank sb for doing something

Verb + pronoun + to infinitive Advise somebody to do something Allow somebody to do something Ask somebody to do something Beg somebody to do something Expect somebody to do something Invite somebody to do something Permit somebody to do something Remind somebody to do something Teach somebody to do something Tell somebody to do something Want somebody to do something Persuade somebody to do something Convince somebody to do something Warn somebody to do something

nfinitive without TO Would rather do something Had better do something Let somebody do something Make somebody do something Help somebody do something (help somebody to do something-de olabilir)

Verbs That Need Special Attention: Forget: 1) Jack forgets to take out the cat. (He regularly forgets.) (Kediyi dar karmay sk sk unutur) 2) Jack forgets taking out the cat. (He did it, but he doesn't remember now.) (Kediyi dar kardn unuturkarmtr ama u anda hatrlayamamktadr) forget+ to + Verb (Verb ile ifade edilen eylemi unutmak anlamnda kullanlr) forget+ Verb+ ing (Verb+ing ile ifade edilen eylemi yapmtr ama u anda hatrlayamamaktadr)

Exercise: 1) Mehmet forgot telephoning his girlfriend last night. (What is the meaning?)

a) b)

Mehmet telefon ettiini unuttu Mehmet telefon etmeyi unuttu

2) Aye forgot to do her homework last night.

a) b)

Aye devini yaptn unuttu Aye devini yapmay unuttu

Remember: 1) I remembered posting the letter. (Gemite bir zaman mektubu postalam olduumu hatrladm) 2) I remembered to post the letter. (Mektubu postaladm hatrladm-Mektubu postalamay unutmadm) remember + to + Verb (Verb ile ifade edilen eylemi hatrlyorum-unutmadm) remember + Verb + ing (Verb+ing ile ifade edilen eylemi gemite yaptm harlyorum) Exercise: 1) Sinan remembered writing the essay. (What is the meaning?)

a) b)

Sinan essay yazdn hatrlad-yazmay unutmad Sinan gemite essay yazm olduunu hatrlad

2) Ahmet remembered to telephone his mother after school.

a) b)

Sinan gemite bir zaman okuldan sonra annesine telefon etmi olduunu hatrlad Sinan okuldan sonra annesine telefon etmeyi hatrlad

Regret: 1) I regret telling you that your father is ill. (Sana gemite babann hasta olduunu sylediime pimanm) 2) I regret to tell you that your father is ill. (Sana babann hasta olduunu sylediim iin pimanm) regret + to + verb (Verb ile iefade edilen eylemi yaptm iin pimanm) regret + Verb + ing (Verb+ing ile ifade edilen eylemi gemite yaptm iin u anda pimanm) Stop: 1) She stopped smoking on the doctors advice. (Doktor tavsiyesiyle sigara imeyi brakt yani artk sigara imiyor) 2) She stopped to smoke a cigarette. (Baka ey yapmak iin sigara imeyi brakt yani aslnda yapt ey neyse onu yapmay durdurdu sigara imek iin) Exercise: 1) He stopped to take a shower. (What is the meaning?)

a) b)

Du almay brakt Baka eyi du almak iin brakt

2) They stopped talking during the lesson

a) b)

Baka bir ey yapmak iin snfta konumay kestiler Snfta konumay kestiler-artk snfta konumuyorlar

Try: 1) She tried to sleep in spite of the noise (Grltye ramen uyumaya alt-uyumak iin abalad) 2) She tried sleeping in order to relax (Rahatlamak iin uyumay denedi) try + to + verb (Verb ile ifade edilen eylemi yapmaya alt) try + verb + ing (Verb+ing ile ifade edilen eylemi gerekletirmeyi denedi) Exercise: 1) Gnl tried to listen to the teacher although she was very tired. (What is the meaning?)

a)

Gnl yorgun olmasna ramen retmeni dinlemeyi denedi

b)

Gnl yorgun olamsna rapmen retmeni dinlemek iin aba gsterdi

2) Serhat tried writing down the vocabulary in order to memorize them

Serhat kelimeleri ezberlemek iin yazmay denedi Verbs that take gerunds or infinitives as verbal direct objects: start love begin try continue remember hate prefer like

a) b)

Serhat kelimeleri ezberlemek iin yazmaya aba gsterdi

Examples: She has continued to work at the store. She has continued working at the store. They like to go to the movies. They like going to the movies. Brent started to walk home. Brent started walking home. Forget and remember These two verbs change meaning depending on whether a gerund or infinitive is used as the object. Examples: Jack forgets to take out the cat. (He regularly forgets.) Jack forgets taking out the cat. (He did it, but he doesn't remember now.) Jack forgot to take out the cat. (He never did it.) Jack forgot taking out the cat. (He did it, but he didn't remember sometime later.) Jack remembers to take out the cat. (He regularly remembers.) Jack remembers taking out the cat. (He did it, and he remembers now.) Jack remembered to take out the cat. (He did it.) Jack remembered taking out the cat. (He did it, and he remembered sometime later.) Sense verbs that take an object plus a gerund or a simple verb feel observe hear notice watch see smell

Examples: We watched him playing basketball. (continuous action) We watched him play basketball. (continuous action) I felt my heart pumping vigorously. (continuous action) I felt my heart pump vigorously. (continuous action) She saw them jumping on the bed. (continuous action) She saw them jump on the bed. (one-time action) Tom heard the victim shouting for help. (continuous action) Tom heard the victim shout for help. (one-time action) The detective noticed the suspect biting his nails. (continuous action) The detective noticed the suspect bite his nails. (one-time action) We could smell the pie baking in the kitchen. (continuous action) We could smell the pie bake in the kitchen. (continuous action) Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive, with A BIG change in meaning I remembered to feed the dog this morning. I remember feeding him his favorite food. -----first--------- second ---second----first

(I remembered and then I fed him.) (I fed him and later I remembered the action.) I forgot to go to the bank. ----------------(I didn't remember and I didn't go to the bank.) I stopped to smoke. ---first----- second (I paused what I was doing to have a cigarette.) I forgot going to the bank. second first (I went to the bank, but later I forgot that I did) I stopped smoking. --second-- first (I was a smoker, but now I'm not.)