Dr. Mohan Joshi Asso Prof,Samhita Siddhant Dept.

(n.) The act of citing a passage from a book,

or from another person, in his own words; also, the passage or words quoted; quotation. (n.) An official summons or notice given to a person to appear; the paper containing such summons or notice. (n.) A reference to decided cases, or books of authority, to prove a point in law. (n.) Enumeration; mention; as, a citation of facts.

A bibliography is a list of the resources books, Journals Articles News magazines, Souvenirs Web site videos, computer programs

Aggregated Database Ancient Text Artwork Audiovisual Material Bill Blog Book Book Section Case Catalog Chart or Table Classical Work

Computer Program Conference Paper Conference Proceedings Dataset Dictionary Edited Book Electronic Article Electronic Book Electronic Book Section Encyclopedia Equation Figure

Film or Broadcast Government Document Grant Hearing Journal Article Legal Rule or Regulation Magazine Article Manuscript Map Music Newspaper Article Online Database

Online Multimedia Pamphlet Patent Personal Communication Report Serial Standard Statute Thesis Unpublished Work Web Page

o show what information sources you use for your research. To help the reader find more information. To prevent being charged with a crime called plagiarism.
T

Acknowledging a source is a courtesy to the person whose idea you have used or referred to. By giving the source you make it clear to the reader that you are not trying to pretend that someone else's work is your own. The reference helps your readers to find the original information source for themselves if they wish to undertake further study of the subject. It may be a fundamental requirement of your course that a bibliography is included with each piece of written work and without it your work will lose marks. It shows the extent of your research and lets the examiner see that you have done sufficient work.

It shows that you are aware of and have used a wide variety of information sources. It shows that you have taken care to use information which is up to date. It is a record of which books etc. you have read and makes it easier to find those sources again should you need them later. People will have more confidence in your work if they know where your information comes from; taking care with your references suggests that you have taken care to check your facts as well. It is professional and good practice to produce a bibliography especially if you intend to progress for scientific Publications.

MLA - Modern Language Association APA American Psychological association

Chicago :Manual of Style Journal specific styles

1. BOOKS Format: Author Last Name, Author First Name. Title. Place of Publication: Publisher, Publication Year. a. One Author Al Fahim, Mohammed. From Rags to Riches: a story of Abu Dhabi. London: London Centre for Arab Studies, 1995. b. Two Authors McCarthy, Michael, and Felicity O'dell. English vocabulary in use: elementary, with answers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. c. Three or more Authors Hallows, Richard, Martin Lisboa, and Mark Unwin. IELTS express: intermediate. London: Thomson, 2006. Tietz, Norbert W. et. al. Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co., 1995. d. Corporate Authors (e. g. Red Crescent Society or Friends of the Arabian

Leopard)

St. John Ambulance Association. Caring for the Sick. London: Dorling Kindersley,1988.

Format: Author Last Name, Author First Name. Title of Article. Name of Magazine/Newspaper. Issue Date: Page. a. Magazine Morris, John. "Keeping your Computer VirusFree." PC Magazine Oct. 2000: 18-19. b. Newspaper Simpson, L. "Tasmania's railway goes private." Australian Financial Review 13 Oct. 2001:10.

a. Print format Format: Title of Article. Name of Encyclopedia. Edition. Publication Year. "Mexico." The WorldBook Encyclopedia. 2003. b. Electronic format Format: Title. Name of Encyclopedia. Format. Date of Publication. Paris. Microsoft Encarta. CD-ROM. 2007. c. Online format Format: Title. Name of Encyclopedia. Format. Date of Publication. Name of Website. Date Accessed. <complete URL>. Paris. Encyclopedia Britannioca. 2007. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. 19 Sep. 2007. <http://www.britannica.com/eb/article60484.html>.

Format: Author Last Name, First Name. Title. Place of Publication: Publisher. Publication Year. Millard, Anne, Dr, ed. The Atlas of Ancient Worlds. London: Dorling Kindersly,1994.

Format: Title of Page or Article. Name of Website or Organisation. Date Accessed. <complete URL> "Discover Trinidad and Tobago." World Travel Guide. 6 Sept. 2002 http://www.carib-link.net/discover /main.html

a. Personal Interview Format. Persons Last Name, First Name. Type of Interview. Date. Napier, Wendy. Personal interview. 26 Sept. 1998. Al Shamsi, Mohammed. Telephone interview. 25 Oct. 1998. b. Interviewed by others Format. Persons Last Name, First Name. Title Interviewer. Name of Source. Date: Page. Clooney, George. "Ready for Politics?" Interview with Nadia Ali. Ahlan 14 June 2004: 20.

Format. Author Last Name, First Name. Title of the article. Title of the publication. Database location. Date of access <full Internet address>. Anderson, Janet Byron. "Rabies." The Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Al Ain Men's College. 6 Sept. 2007 <http://0Galenet.gale group.com.library.hct.ac.ae:80 /servlet/HWRC?locID=hcot Web>. 8. PERSONAL LETTER Format. Writers Last Name, First Name. Type of Letter. Date. Ismail, Ahmed. Letter to the author. 17 May 1997.

9. LECTURE Format. Speakers Last Name, First Name. Title or Description. Event. Place. Date. Watson, John. Opening Address. HCT Annual Conference. Dubai. 30 Aug. 1998. 10. TELEVISION OR RADIO PROGRAM Format. Title of Episode Program Title. Network. Location. Date. "Walking with Dinosaurs." National Geographic: Science. Orbit. Dubai. 20 June 2006.

11. COMPUTER SOFTWARE Format. Author Last Name, First Name. Title. Format. Number of Disks. Place of Publication: Publisher, Publication Year. Freebairn, Ingrid, and Hilary Rees Parnall. The Grammar-ROM 1. CD-ROM. 2 disks. London: Longman, 1995. 12.VIDEO OR DIGITAL VIDEO DISC Format. Title. Year Released. Format. Distributor, Year Distributed. Ahmed the Cheat. 1999. Videocassette. HCT, 1999. Wallace and Gromit. 2001. DVD. Deltamac, 2002

13. PHOTOGRAPHS AND GRAPHICS Format. Title. Format. Year Created. Owner or Artist. Name of Website. Date Released. Date Accessed. <Complete URL>. Plymouth and Philippines. Photographs. 2007. Nico Sepe, Devon. BBC Devon. 5 May 2007. 6 Sept. 2007 <http://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/content/imag e_galleries/ nico_sepe_gallery.shtml>.

Time consuming

In word process Microsoft, open office etc.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Operating system support Export file formats Import file formats Citation styles Reference list file formats Word processor integration Database connectivity Password "protection" and network versions

Software

Developer

First public release

Latest stable version 2009-03-12 (2.1.2) 2009-11-10 (1.1)

Cost (USD)

Open source

License

Notes

Aigaion

Aigaion developers

2005-01

Free

Yes

GPL

web-based

Bebop

ALaRI Institute

2007-11-08

Free

Yes

BSD

web-based BibTeX front-end

BibDesk

BibDesk developers

2002-04

2011-05 (1.5.4)

Free

Yes

BSD

BibTeX front-end + repository

Biblioscape

CG Information

1998

2009-05-09 (8.01)

US$79-299[1]

No

proprietary

ODBC; web access in Pro ed; optional client/server

BibSonomy

University of Kassel

2006-01

Free

No

proprietary

centrally-hosted website

Bibus

Bibus developers

2004-06-03

200910 (1.5.0)

Free

Yes

GPL

Bookends

Sonny Software

1988 (Mac) / 1983 (Apple II+)

2009-1-15 (10.4.3)

US$99[1]

No

proprietary

integrated web search, pdf download, auto-completion

Citavi

Swiss Academic Software

2006-02-13

2011-09-29 (3.0.15)

US$111-231 / Free for projects up to 100 references

No

proprietary

Software

Windows

Mac OS X

Linux

BSD

Unix

Aigaion Bebop BibDesk Biblioscape BibSonomy

Yes Yes No Yes

N/A

Yes Yes Yes No

N/A

Yes Yes No No
N/A

Yes Yes No No
N/A

Yes Yes No No
N/A

Bibus

Yes

Experimental

Yes

Yes

Yes

Bookends Citavi CiteULike Connotea EndNote

No Yes
N/A

Yes No
N/A

No No
N/A

No No
N/A

No No
N/A

Yes Yes

Yes Yes

Yes No

Yes No

Yes No

Software

BibTeX

Endnote/Refe r/BibIX

Medline

MODS XML

RIS

Aigaion Bebop BibDesk Biblioscape BibSonomy Bibus

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

No No No Yes Yes Yes

No No Yes Yes No Yes

No No Yes No No No

Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes

Bookends
Citavi

Yes
Yes

Yes
Yes

Yes
No

No
No

Yes
Yes

Software

BibTeX

Copac

CSA

Endnote/R efer/BibIX

ISI

Medline

MODS XML

Ovid

SciF Pub RIS inde Med r

Aigaion

Yes

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

Yes

No

Bebop

Yes

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

BibDesk

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Biblioscape

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

BibSonomy

Yes

No

No

Yes

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

Software

APA

Chicago/Turab ian Yes No No

Harvard

MLA

Other

Aigaion Bebop BibDesk

Yes No Yes

Yes No No

Yes No No

BMJ, IEEE none various

Biblioscape

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

2000+ styles[citation
needed]

BibSonomy

Yes

No

Yes

No

none
usercontributed various[citation
needed]

Bibus

Yes

No

No

No

Bookends

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Citavi

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

1000+ styles

Software Aigaion Bebop BibDesk Biblioscape BibSonomy Bibus Bookends

HTML Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

LaTeX[13] No No Yes No No No No

RTF Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes

Plain text Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes

Software

Microsoft Word

OpenOffice.org Writer

Kile/LyX

RTF scan[15]

Aigaion Bebop

No No

No No

No No

No No

BibDesk
Biblioscape BibSonomy Bibus Bookends Citavi

No
Yes No Yes Yes Yes

No
No No Yes No Yes

Yes
No No No No Yes

?
? No ? Yes Yes

Software

IEEE ArXiv CiteSeer PubMed Xplore

Biblioscape
BibSonomy

No
Yes

No
Yes

No
Yes

Yes
Yes

Bibus
Bookends

No
Yes

No
No

No
No

Yes
Yes

Citavi
CiteULike

No
Yes

No
Yes

Yes
Yes

Yes
Yes

Connotea
EndNote

Yes
Yes

Yes
No

No
Yes

Yes
Yes

Networking

Passworde Software d

User-specific permissions[19]

Simultaneous write access

Zotero Mendeley Jumper 2.0 EndNote[20] CiteULike Aigaion BibSonomy Biblioscape

Yes[22] Yes[21] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Gathering

perfect reference management tool for research. It supports you through the entire process: from planning to searching online, to working with your sources and organizing knowledge, and of course preparing your manuscript. On your own or in a team.

Publishing

Planning

Organizing Knowledge

Studying

Navigation on the left, edit-ing in the middle, preview on the right for PDF and text documents, images, Web pages and your own knowledge items. Import EndNote libraries, RIS, BibTeX, ENW, or other text files.

Gatherin g Publishi ng

Planning

Organizin g Knowledg e

Studying

Add columns, sort, and group your data. Export to Microsoft Excel and OpenOffice.org Calc.

Gatherin g Publishi ng

Planning

Organizin g Knowledg e

Studying

Citavi lets you search over 4000 online resources, including shared library catalogs and bibliographic databases and countless university libraries. Citavis online search offers the same search fields as each catalogs website. If you search multiple catalogs at once, Citavi offers all the options they have in common.

Gatherin g

In cooperation with:

Publishi ng

Planning

Organizin g Knowledg e

Studying

With Citavi you can search your local library catalog, add your favorite librarys call numbers to books you found somewhere else, and check the availability of your references with OpenURL. Citavi autodetects databa-ses your organization has subscribed to and helps your organizations IT department to easily set the administra-tive settings for all users.
Gatherin g Publishi ng

Planning

Organizin g Knowledg e

Studying

Task Planner lets you manage your project tasks, remind you of deadlines, and make sure you stay on track. Designed specifically for scholarly work, the Task Planner makes sure nothing falls through the cracks.

Gatherin g Publishi ng

Planning

Organizin g Knowledg e

Studying

Use the preview to view images, videos, and presentations, and to read and evaluate PDFs and other full texts.

Click to copy a passage to the reference as a quotation, abstract or table of contents.

Gatherin g Publishi ng

Planning

Organizin g Knowledg e

Studying

By saving knowledge items quotations, thoughts, and comments in the Knowl-edge Organizer, Citavi helps you make sense of content and create knowledge from information. Citavi gives you two tools for organizing and structuring your collected knowledge: Keywords help you describe items, while Gatherin g you categories let structure and group. Publishi
ng

Planning

Organizin g Knowledg e

Studying

With the Publication Assist-ant, you insert citations and quotations into your manu-script. When you're done, Citavi formats your paper in the citation style you need, complete with bibliography. Choose from over 700 citation styles or create your own. Add-In for Microsoft Gatherin Word coming soon. g
Publishi ng Planning

Organizin g Knowledg e

Studying