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Subnet Masks
Subnet Masks
Subnet Masks
Class C
11111111
11111111
11111111
1
128
S.N.M.
255
255
b
1
+
64
0
+
0
+
0
+
0
+
0
+
192
# of Usable Subnets
(2x2) - 2
# of Usable Hosts
62
(2x2x2x2x2x2) - 2
n
Use the formula 2 where n is equal to the # of bits not borrowed.
The result identifies the first "usable" subnet range will be and also identify the
increments of the ranges.
64
(2x2x2x2x2x2)
Usable Subnet
Starting Address
Host Address
Broadcast Address
xxx.xxx.xxx.64
xxx.xxx.xxx.65
xxx.xxx.xxx.127
xxx.xxx.xxx.128
xxx.xxx.xxx.129
xxx.xxx.xxx.191
Net - ID
1st Subnet
0
+
22 bits borrowed - 2
# of Usable Hosts
Range of Subnets
255
# of Usable Subnets
2nd Subnet
Usable Subnet
Hosts
Start
End
Broadcast Address
Usable Subnet
Hosts
Start
Host - ID
128
64
32
16
xxx.xxx.xxx. 64
xxx.xxx.xxx. 65
xxx.xxx.xxx.126
xxx.xxx.xxx.127
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
xxx.xxx.xxx.128
xxx.xxx.xxx.129
1
1
0
0
2nd Subnet
Hosts
Broadcast Address
End
xxx.xxx.xxx.190
xxx.xxx.xxx.191
1
1
0
0
3 Bits Borrowed
Class C
11111111
11111111
11111111
1
128
S.N.M.
255
# of Usable Subnets
# of Usable Hosts
Range of Subnets
255
255
b
64
1
+
32
0
+
0
+
0
+
(2x2x2) - 2
# of Usable Hosts
30
(2x2x2x2x2) - 2
n
Use the formula 2 where n is equal to the # of bits not borrowed.
The result identifies the first "usable" subnet range will be and also identify the
increments of the ranges.
# of Usable Subnets
224
23 bits borrowed - 2
Use the formula 2
(2x2x2x2x2)
32
Usable Subnet
Starting Address
Host Address
Broadcast Address
xxx.xxx.xxx.32
xxx.xxx.xxx.34
xxx.xxx.xxx.63
xxx.xxx.xxx.64
xxx.xxx.xxx.65
xxx.xxx.xxx.95
xxx.xxx.xxx.96
xxx.xxx.xxx.96
xxx.xxx.xxx.127
xxx.xxx.xxx.128
xxx.xxx.xxx.127
xxx.xxx.xxx.159
xxx.xxx.xxx.160
xxx.xxx.xxx.158
xxx.xxx.xxx.191
xxx.xxx.xxx.192
xxx.xxx.xxx.189
xxx.xxx.xxx.223
4 Bits Borrowed
Class C
11111111
11111111
11111111
1
128
S.N.M.
255
# of Usable Subnets
# of Usable Hosts
Range of Subnets
255
255
b
64
1
+
32
1
+
0
+
16
0
+
14
(2x2x2x2) - 2
# of Usable Hosts
14
(2x2x2x2) - 2
n
Use the formula 2 where n is equal to the # of bits not borrowed.
The result identifies the first "usable" subnet range will be and also identify the
increments of the ranges.
# of Usable Subnets
240
24 bits borrowed - 2
Use the formula 2
(2x2x2x2)
16
Usable Subnet
Starting Address
Host Address
Broadcast Address
xxx.xxx.xxx.16
xxx.xxx.xxx.17
xxx.xxx.xxx.31
xxx.xxx.xxx.32
xxx.xxx.xxx.33
xxx.xxx.xxx.47
xxx.xxx.xxx.48
xxx.xxx.xxx.49
xxx.xxx.xxx.63
xxx.xxx.xxx.64
xxx.xxx.xxx.65
xxx.xxx.xxx.79
xxx.xxx.xxx.80
xxx.xxx.xxx.81
xxx.xxx.xxx.95
xxx.xxx.xxx.96
xxx.xxx.xxx.97
xxx.xxx.xxx.111
xxx.xxx.xxx.112
xxx.xxx.xxx.113
xxx.xxx.xxx.127
xxx.xxx.xxx.128
xxx.xxx.xxx.129
xxx.xxx.xxx.143
xxx.xxx.xxx.144
xxx.xxx.xxx.145
xxx.xxx.xxx.159
10
xxx.xxx.xxx.160
xxx.xxx.xxx.161
xxx.xxx.xxx.175
11
xxx.xxx.xxx.176
xxx.xxx.xxx.177
xxx.xxx.xxx.191
12
xxx.xxx.xxx.192
xxx.xxx.xxx.193
xxx.xxx.xxx.207
13
xxx.xxx.xxx.208
xxx.xxx.xxx.209
xxx.xxx.xxx.223
14
xxx.xxx.xxx.224
xxx.xxx.xxx.225
xxx.xxx.xxx.239
5 Bits Borrowed
Class C
11111111
11111111
11111111
1
128
S.N.M.
255
# of Usable Subnets
# of Usable Hosts
Range of Subnets
255
255
b
64
1
+
32
1
+
1
+
16
0
+
30
(2x2x2x2x2) - 2
# of Usable Hosts
(2x2x2) - 2
n
Use the formula 2 where n is equal to the # of bits not borrowed.
The result identifies the first "usable" subnet range will be and also identify the
increments of the ranges.
# of Usable Subnets
248
25 bits borrowed - 2
Use the formula 2
(2x2x2)
Usable Subnet
Starting Address
Host Address
Broadcast Address
xxx.xxx.xxx.8
xxx.xxx.xxx.9
xxx.xxx.xxx.15
xxx.xxx.xxx.16
xxx.xxx.xxx.17
xxx.xxx.xxx.23
xxx.xxx.xxx.24
xxx.xxx.xxx.25
xxx.xxx.xxx.31
xxx.xxx.xxx.32
xxx.xxx.xxx.33
xxx.xxx.xxx.39
xxx.xxx.xxx.40
xxx.xxx.xxx.41
xxx.xxx.xxx.47
26
xxx.xxx.xxx.208
xxx.xxx.xxx.209
xxx.xxx.xxx.215
27
xxx.xxx.xxx.216
xxx.xxx.xxx.217
xxx.xxx.xxx.223
28
xxx.xxx.xxx.224
xxx.xxx.xxx.225
xxx.xxx.xxx.231
29
xxx.xxx.xxx.232
xxx.xxx.xxx.233
xxx.xxx.xxx.239
30
xxx.xxx.xxx.240
xxx.xxx.xxx.241
xxx.xxx.xxx.247
6 Bits Borrowed
Class C
11111111
11111111
11111111
1
128
S.N.M.
255
# of Usable Subnets
# of Usable Hosts
Range of Subnets
255
255
b
64
1
+
32
1
+
1
+
16
0
+
62
(2x2x2x2x2x2) - 2
# of Usable Hosts
(2x2) - 2
n
Use the formula 2 where n is equal to the # of bits not borrowed.
The result identifies the first "usable" subnet range will be and also identify the
increments of the ranges.
# of Usable Subnets
252
26 bits borrowed - 2
Use the formula 2
(2x2)
Usable Subnet
Starting Address
Host Address
Broadcast Address
xxx.xxx.xxx.4
xxx.xxx.xxx.5
xxx.xxx.xxx.7
xxx.xxx.xxx.8
xxx.xxx.xxx.9
xxx.xxx.xxx.11
xxx.xxx.xxx.12
xxx.xxx.xxx.13
xxx.xxx.xxx.15
xxx.xxx.xxx.16
xxx.xxx.xxx.17
xxx.xxx.xxx.19
xxx.xxx.xxx.20
xxx.xxx.xxx.21
xxx.xxx.xxx.23
58
xxx.xxx.xxx.232
xxx.xxx.xxx.233
xxx.xxx.xxx.235
59
xxx.xxx.xxx.236
xxx.xxx.xxx.237
xxx.xxx.xxx.239
60
xxx.xxx.xxx.240
xxx.xxx.xxx.241
xxx.xxx.xxx.243
61
xxx.xxx.xxx.244
xxx.xxx.xxx.245
xxx.xxx.xxx.247
62
xxx.xxx.xxx.248
xxx.xxx.xxx.249
xxx.xxx.xxx.251
Class C
Subnet Mask
# of Usable
Subnets
# of Usable
Hosts
Subnet Ranges
.1100 0000
.1110 0000
255.255.255.192
255.255.255.224
xxx.xxx.xxx.64
62 xxx.xxx.xxx.128
xxx.xxx.xxx.32
xxx.xxx.xxx.64
xxx.xxx.xxx.96
30 xxx.xxx.xxx.128
xxx.xxx.xxx.160
xxx.xxx.xxx.192
.1111 0000
255.255.255.240
14
14
.1111 1000
255.255.255.248
30
.1111 1100
255.255.255.252
62
xxx.xxx.xxx.16
xxx.xxx.xxx.32
xxx.xxx.xxx.8
xxx.xxx.xxx.16
xxx.xxx.xxx.4
xxx.xxx.xxx.8
Subnet Mask
Add the binary value of the bits borrowed
(128 + 64 + 32 + . . . )
.1100 0000
.1110 0000
.1111 0000
.1111 1000
.1111 1100
# of Usable # of Usable
Subnets
Hosts
Multiply the bits
borrowed - 2
2b - 2
Subnet
Ranges
Multiply the bits not
borrowed
2n
Class B
Subnet Mask
# of Usable
Subnets
# of Usable
Hosts
Subnet Ranges
255.255.192.0
255.255.224.0
255.255.240.0
255.255.248.0
255.255.252.0
14
30
62
16,382
xxx.xxx.64.0
xxx.xxx.128.0
8,190
xxx.xxx.32.0
xxx.xxx.64.0
xxx.xxx.96.0
xxx.xxx.128.0
xxx.xxx.160.0
xxx.xxx.192.0
4,094
xxx.xxx.16.0
xxx.xxx.32.0
2,046
xxx.xxx.8.0
xxx.xxx.16.0
1,022
xxx.xxx.4.0
xxx.xxx.8.0
10
11
255.255.254.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.128
255.255.255.192
255.255.255.224
126
254
510
1,022
2,046
510
xxx.xxx.2.0
xxx.xxx.4.0
254
xxx.xxx.1.0
xxx.xxx.2.0
126
xxx.xxx.0.128
xxx.xxx.1.0
xxx.xxx.1.128
62
xxx.xxx.0.64
xxx.xxx.0.128
xxx.xxx.0.192
xxx.xxx.1.0
xxx.xxx.1.64
30
xxx.xxx.0.32
xxx.xxx.0.64
...
xxx.xxx.0.224
xxx.xxx.1.0
xxx.xxx.1.32
12
13
14
255.255.255.240
255.255.255.248
255.255.255.252
4,094
8,190
16,382
14
xxx.xxx.0.16
xxx.xxx.0.32
...
xxx.xxx.0.240
xxx.xxx.1.0
xxx.xxx.1.16
xxx.xxx.0.8
xxx.xxx.0.16
...
xxx.xxx.0.248
xxx.xxx.1.0
xxx.xxx.1.8
xxx.xxx.0.4
xxx.xxx.0.8
...
xxx.xxx.0.252
xxx.xxx.1.0
xxx.xxx.1.4
Subnet Mask
Add the binary value of the bits borrowed
(128 + 64 + 32 + . . . )
# of Usable # of Usable
Subnets
Hosts
Multiply the bits
borrowed - 2
2b - 2
Subnet
Ranges
Multiply the bits not
borrowed
2n
Class C
Subnet Mask
# of Usable
Subnets
# of Usable
Hosts
Subnet Ranges
.1100 0000
.1110 0000
/26
/27
255.255.255.192
255.255.255.224
xxx.xxx.xxx.64
62 xxx.xxx.xxx.128
xxx.xxx.xxx.32
xxx.xxx.xxx.64
xxx.xxx.xxx.96
30 xxx.xxx.xxx.128
xxx.xxx.xxx.160
xxx.xxx.xxx.192
.1111 0000
/28
255.255.255.240
14
14
.1111 1000
/29
255.255.255.248
30
.1111 1100
/30
255.255.255.252
62
xxx.xxx.xxx.16
xxx.xxx.xxx.32
xxx.xxx.xxx.8
xxx.xxx.xxx.16
xxx.xxx.xxx.4
xxx.xxx.xxx.8