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Introduction to Limits:

What is Limits? Before we define what Limits is; it

very important for us to understand basic concept of
Limits, its usage in day to day life. Let’s look at an
example: where Limits can be used in day to day life.
Continu

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JOHN

School
Imagine JOHN and MARK, going to school early morning. JOHN com
and
MARK coming from RIGHT. They both arrive at school. They the sch
boundary. Means they can not go beyond school. So the School is T
Co
which they can go to maximum.

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JOHN

School

So Limits Exits when Both JOHN and MARK Arrive at School. Don’t w
their Timing.
Co

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Local
JOHN Shop

School

If JOHN wishes to find his speed at Local shop, he can find it. Same
to MARK.
Co

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Let’s look at another example;

An aeroplane flying on below RED line, you want to find its
speeds at point A.
Formula for drawing the red line
is as follow, + 3 Now you want
to find its speed at point say A =
4. So you just replace it where
ever you see
In this case it will be: 4+43 = 4 +
64 = 68

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+ 3 A = 4. So you just replace it

where ever you see . =4+43 = 4
+ 64 = 68
Question: Does this graph have
limit?

Continu
e

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Question: Does this graph

have limit?
Yes! Because if you
come from top and from
bottom you can arrive
at a point.

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Now let look at last example of LIMITS.

L R
Imagine you drop a stone into a
eft ight bowl from Left, you can
calculate its speed at point A.

Question what would you do to

determine the speed of stone at
point A?
A

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Answer: Turn the bowl graph Upside down.

L R
eft ight
A

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Earlier we said Limits exist IF AND ONLY IF Function (Graph) is

continuous.

So what do we mean by continuous?

Let’s go back to first example. JOHN and MARK

Continue

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JOHN

School

If draw this Line as a graph, it would look like this;

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Imagine you have hole in to the line, A & B. what

if JOHN and Mark try to go? Yes! They will fall ove
might hurt them self.

John Mark
A
B
Schoo
l

John Mark

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Do you think this graph is continu

NO! Because it has hole in it.

Let’s look at some examples of Continuous an
discontinuous graph.
Click Continue
John Mark
A
Schoo B
l

John Mark

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How about this graph? Is it Continuous or

discontinuous?

Continuous

Continu

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Definition of Limits according to Literature

f (x) = x2 if you want to find value when the graph if f(x) = x2

and x = 2, you just replace x with 2.
22 = 4
8
6
4
2

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To write this in mathematical formula it follows;

lim f(x) = x2
X 2
2
It means Limit of our function x .
What is the value when x is replace
by 2 Contin
ue

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2
lim f(x) = x
X 2
lim = Limits

f(x) = function to draw line, curve, could be any kind

of graph.

X  2 = find value of function (f(x)) when x is

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Now let’s recap;

Mathematical Limits is a Graph or a Curve or a Function.
Arrive at a point for Left and Right on that function.

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2. Limit exist IF AND ONLY IF the graph is CONTINOUS.

3. CONTINOUS function is a smooth graph which has no,

jump in the graph, has no gap in the graph.

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4. DISCONTINOUS graph is graph where it has break in

graph, wihch is not smooth. Below graph shows 1,-1 Y
values hence it is not CONTINOUS.
REMEMBER a FUNCTION = a GRAPH, means exactly
samething.

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5. Limits According to
Books;
2 3
lim f(x) = x + x
x -->2
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2 3
lim f(x) = x + x
x -->2
lim = called Limits
f(x) = F of x.
2 3
x + x = function to draw graph
x--> 2 = x goes to 2, or x
approches to 2
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Test
What is Limits? (Check boxes)
a. DISCONTINOUS
b. Arriving at a point from Left and Right
c. Continuous Function
3
d. +
2. What is Continuous Graph? (Check boxes)
a. a Graph
b. Smooth Graph
c. Graph with no Jump or Break
d. X 2
3. Limit Exist IF AND ONLY IF: (radio buttons)
a. Graph has a curve
b. The graph is Discontinuous
c. The function is continuous
d. The has a point.

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What is function f(x)? (radio buttons)

A graph
Continuous
Limits
Y
lim stands for? (radio buttons)
limit
little
limitations
limitary
limited
limiter
Organise this. (Drag and Drop )
3
Lim, =, x2, + , f(x)
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7. What f(x) stands for?

a. Function of x-mas
b. Function of x
c. f of x
8. What is the correct result of f(x) = x+x+3. lim3?
a. 3
b.3+3
c.9
d.6
e.3*3
9.

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