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Energy and Prox Analysis
Energy and Prox Analysis
Energy and Prox Analysis
Food
ENERGY
Energy requirements
Nutrients - Definitions Any food constituent that helps support life Essential
Conditionally essential
ENERGY
required during certain physiologic or pathologic conditions dispensable - the body can synthesize
Nonessential
Proximate Analysis
Most
Proximate Analysis
Protein
common analysis done for nutritional testing Crude fat, crude protein, moisture, crude fiber & ash
16 + 2% nitrogen Nitrogen 6.25 = Crude Protein Non-protein nitrogen (e.g. urea or ammonia) = error
NFE
density
Gross E 9.0 kcal/g 4.0 kcal/g 4.0 kcal/g 0 kcal/g Atwater 8.5 kcal/g 3.5 kcal/g 3.5 kcal/g 0 kcal/g
analysis:
Protein + 1.5% Fat + 1.0% Crude fiber 0.7% Moisture 4% Ash (when not provided)
measurement of heat dissipation by physical methods inference of heat production from quantitative measurement of chemical byproducts of metabolism
Indirect
maintenance factor varies according to species, age, reproductive status, environment and activity level
Calculation of DER
Calculation of DER
Canine Maintenance (1.0 to 1.8 x RER) Neutered adult = 1.6 x RER Intact adult = 1.8 x RER Obese-prone = 1.4 x RER Weight loss = 1.0 x RER Weight gain = 1.2-1.4 x RER at ideal weight Light work = 2 x RER Moderate work = 3 x RER Heavy work = 4-8 x RER
Feline Maintenance (0.8 -1.4 x RER) Neutered adult = 1.2 x RER Intact adult = 1.4 x RER Obese-prone = 1.0 x RER Weight loss = 0.8 x RER Weight gain = 1.2-1.4 x RER at ideal weight
Calculate DER: DER = RER Factor DER = 670 kcal/day 1.4 DER = 938 kcal/day
A Measuring Cup
An
8 ounce measuring cup holds 8 fluid ounces (volume) not 8 ounces of weight